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Journal articles on the topic 'Automotive Suspension And Steering Systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Macgregor, Donald G., and Paul Slovic. "Perception of Risk in Automotive Systems." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 31, no. 4 (August 1989): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872088903100402.

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Thirty subsystems constituting a functioning motor vehicle, including brake, steering, suspension, engine, electrical, and fuel systems, were evaluated by individuals on a set of risk characteristic scales. These included overall vehicle riskiness, manufacturer's anticipatory knowledge of system defects during vehicle design, likelihood of severe consequences in the event of system failure, controllability of the vehicle, and observability of impending failure. An analysis of the resulting judgments revealed two composite factors, one representing the controllability of consequences and the other representing observability. Both factors were highly related to judgments of risk, desire for risk regulation, and anticipated recall compliance. A comparison of risk judgments with accident data suggested that for some vehicle systems, particularly those serving a communication function in the driving task, drivers may underestimate the actual risk they face when system performance has degraded.

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2

Li, Li Yun. "Establishment and Simulation of Nonlinear Dynamic Model of Finished Automobile." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.709.

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This paper established the nonlinear dynamic model of finished automobile to study the influence of suspension structural parameters, automotive braking and steering on the vehicle driving comfort and handling stability. The simulation results show that in the vehicle steering process, the body roll changed indirectly the tire lateral force, which had the impacts of yaw and lateral movement, and the interaction between the suspension and steering between systems is very significant especially under condition of the uneven road excitation. When the peak of the tire steering angle increased, the roll angle of vehicle body became larger and larger, followed by the change of body posture and the deterioration of ride comfort. With the increase of the steering angle, the lateral acceleration of the vehicle became larger and larger, and even resulted in tire skidding, thus reducing the driving safety of the vehicle.

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3

Trachtler, Ansgar. "Integrated vehicle dynamics control using active brake, steering and suspension systems." International Journal of Vehicle Design 36, no. 1 (2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2004.005316.

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4

Wu, Long. "Research on Mass Partition Coefficient for a Whole Car under Vertical and Lateral Road Excitations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.177.

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Consider the imperfectness of mass partition coefficient for a whole car in automotive theories, a vehicle physical model with fourteen degree of freedoms under vertical and lateral road excitations is adopted as research background in this paper. With the help of force analysis of sprung mass in three dimensional space and investigations on vertical, lateral, pitch, roll and yaw motions, the ration relations of dynamical coupling between a whole suspension and four quarter suspensions are deduced and achieved. The analytical results obtained in this paper develop the theoretical content of mass partition coefficient. It will be utilized to analyze, test and control among different car suspensions in the fields of vibration, handling and steering systems in future.

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5

Wright, C., G. L. Pritchett, R. J. Kuster, and J. D. Avouris. "Laboratory Tire Wear Simulation Derived from Computer Modeling of Suspension Dynamics." Tire Science and Technology 19, no. 3 (July 1, 1991): 122–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2141712.

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Abstract A method for determining the effect of suspension dynamics on tire wear has been developed. Typical city cycle maneuvers are defined by instrumented vehicle testing and data in the form of forward velocities and steer angles are used as an input to an ADAMS computer model of the vehicle. A simulation of the maneuvers generates a tire's operating environment in the form of normal load, slip, and camber variations, which contain all the subtle effects of the vehicle's suspension, steering, and handling characteristics. A cyclic repetition of the tire's operating environment is constructed and used to control an MTS Flat-Trac machine. In this way, accelerated tire wear can be generated in the laboratory which is directly related to the design features of the vehicle's suspension and steering systems.

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6

Chen, Wuwei, Hansong Xiao, Liqiang Liu, and Jean W. Zu. "Integrated control of automotive electrical power steering and active suspension systems based on random sub-optimal control." International Journal of Vehicle Design 42, no. 3/4 (2006): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2006.010438.

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7

Yoshimura, Toshio, and Itaru Teramura. "Integrated control of steering and suspension systems for full car models in crosswind and road disturbances." International Journal of Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 2, no. 4 (2007): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvsmt.2007.017120.

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8

Totu, Vlad, and Cătălin Alexandru. "Dynamic Simulation of a Motor Vehicle in Virtual Prototyping Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 555 (June 2014): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.555.369.

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In this paper, we attempt to carry out the dynamic analysis of a motor vehicle, using the virtual prototype developed with the MBS (Multi-Body Systems) software ADAMS. The virtual prototype includes the front and the rear suspension subsystems, the steering subsystem, and the car body subsystem. The experiment designed is one frequently carried by the automotive manufacturers, namely passing over bumps. The connection between wheels (tires) and road (ground) is made using contact forces, which allow modelling how adjacent bodies interact with one another when they collide during the simulation. On the virtual prototype, several measurements have been realized having in view to evaluate the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle.

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9

Vu, Ngoc-Tuan, Le-Duy Phan, Van-Dung Nguyen, and Quoc-Bao Vu. "Research of Determining Low-Reliability Elements of Multiple-Flows Compressed Air Braking System Based on Goal-Oriented (GO) Methodology." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 18, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 8814–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.18.2.2021.19.0675.

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The multi-flows pneumatic braking system is one of the modern braking systems equipped with truck vehicles which is a very complex system consisting of many elements connected in series or parallel. The reliability of the braking system has a significant influence on safety and the ability to manoeuvre. The study of identifying low-reliability elements in the brake system is of great significance to improve the efficiency of maintenance and repair. This article shows the research results that determine low-reliability elements of the multi-flows pneumatic brake system based on GO methodology, and allow to examine each element's reliability and the complex system. The reliability assessment model is built based on GO theory and statistics data collected at the used units about the frequency of damage, ability, and time to repair and restore the assemblies in the brake system. By using this model, the reliability of the assemblies and the whole system can be determined at any point in time relative to the actual operating time of the brake system. The article's research results can be applied for surveying other components’ reliability and complex systems such as steering or suspension systems.

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10

Yoshimura, T., and Y. Emoto. "Steering and suspension system of a full car model using fuzzy reasoning based on single input rule modules." International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems 1, no. 2 (2003): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2003.003537.

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11

Shen, Xiaoming, and Fan Yu. "Design and analysis of an H_{∞ integrated control system consists of active suspension and four wheel steering}." International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems 6, no. 3/4 (2008): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2008.023591.

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12

Madhusudhanan, S., I. Rajendran, and K. Prabu. "Static Analysis of Automotive Steering Knuckle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1155.

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Steering knuckle is one of the critical components for a four wheel vehicle which links suspension, steering system, wheel hub and brake to the chassis. While undergoing varying loads subjected to different conditions, it doesn’t affect vehicle steering performance and other desired vehicle characteristics. The static strength test for steering knuckle is necessary to validate the component according to the application. Here, the steering arm static analysis of steering knuckle was done by using finite element analysis (FEA software) and experimental testing by using hydraulic actuators and fixtures. The result from the virtual Analysis and Experimental analysis has been compared and validated for the SG Iron Steering knuckle.

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13

Felzien, M. L., and D. L. Cronin. "Steering error optimization of the Macpherson strut automotive front suspension." Mechanism and Machine Theory 20, no. 1 (January 1985): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(85)90054-0.

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14

Park, K., S. J. Heo, D. O. Kang, J. I. Jeong, J. H. Yi, J. H. Lee, and K. W. Kim. "Robust design optimization of suspension system considering steering pull reduction." International Journal of Automotive Technology 14, no. 6 (November 9, 2013): 927–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12239-013-0102-3.

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15

Hazelden, R. J. "Optical torque sensor for automotive steering systems." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 37-38 (June 1993): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-4247(93)80033-d.

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16

ONO, Eiichi, Yasutaka HAYASHI, Shun-ichi DOI, Kaoru TAKANAMI, and Shigeyuki HOSOE. "Integrated Control of Vehicle Steering and Suspension Systems." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 28, no. 5 (1992): 610–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.28.610.

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17

Bae, Sangwoo, Jang Moo Lee, and Chong Nam Chu. "Axiomatic Design of Automotive Suspension Systems." CIRP Annals 51, no. 1 (2002): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)61479-6.

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18

Lee, A. Y. "Design of Stability Augmentation Systems for Automotive Vehicles." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 112, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2896169.

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The high-speed cruising stability of passenger vehicles may be enhanced with stability augmentation systems. These systems would modify the driver’s steering command to the vehicle’s front wheels, and steer the rear wheels according to measured vehicle conditions such as its yaw-rate. In this simulation study, an explicit driver model is used in the design of these stability augmentation systems. For ease of implementation, only low-order controllers are synthesized using parameter optimization. The high-speed, straight-line stability of a passenger vehicle in a cross-wind is simulated to evaluate steering performance with these controllers. Our results show that stability augmented steering has the potential to improve the directional stability of passenger vehicles.

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19

Chabaan, Rakaan, and Mohammad Saad Alam. "Adaptive Network Trained Controller for Automotive Steering Systems." SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems 10, no. 1 (April 11, 2017): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-9626.

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20

Bianchi, Nicola, Silverio Bolognani, Michele Pre, Matteo Tomasini, Luca I, and Mauro Zigliotto. "The steering effect PM motor drives for automotive systems." IEEE Industry Applications Magazine 14, no. 2 (March 2008): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mia.2007.914272.

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21

De Rosa, M., A. De Felice, P. Grosso, and S. Sorrentino. "Straight Path Handling Anomalies of Passenger Cars Induced by Suspension Component and Assembly Tolerances." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 16, no. 3 (October 3, 2019): 6844–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.16.3.2019.02.0514.

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The effects on handling due to suspension component and assembly tolerances are analysed focusing on three anomalies affecting passenger cars travelling on straight paths, namely ‘pull to side’, ‘steering wheel misalignment’ and ‘drift leeward’. These anomalies do not constitute safety problems but represent a cost factor in the automotive industry since they occur in small but not negligible percentage of the overall car production. The present contribution is therefore focused on understanding which are their causes, and on reducing their extent, in the specific case of vehicles with front Double wishbone suspension and rear Five arms suspension. To this purpose, the vehicle assembly process is analysed in terms of errors and tolerances for identify the most influential parameters on handling irregularities. Sensitivity analysis by multibody virtual modelling, and subsequent correlation with experimental data from pre-setting and wheel aligner benches, have provide sufficient information for setting tolerance thresholds, able to keep the handling anomalies under study within acceptable bounds. As a result, ‘pull to side’ and ‘steering wheel misalignment’ has been found to be mainly related to the set up phase of wheel angles (front camber angles influencing pull to side, front and rear toe angles influencing steering wheel misalignment), while the main cause of ‘drift leeward’ has been identified with (rear) ride steer. Application of the procedure to a production line led to a consistent reduction (from 3% down to about 1% of the overall production) of anomalous vehicles.

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22

Yu, H. J. "Tire/Suspension Aligning Moment and Vehicle Pull." Tire Science and Technology 28, no. 3 (July 1, 2000): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135998.

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Abstract Vehicle drifts are affected by the forces and moments of the tire and the suspension. A steering moment equation that calculates the residual aligning torque (RAT) of a tire matched to a vehicle is derived. Using this equation, tire makers can save on development cycle time by delivering matching tires as soon as the suspension configuration is defined.

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23

Gobbi, Massimiliano, Paolo Guarneri, Gianpiero Mastinu, and Gianpiero Rocca. "Test Rig for Characterization of Automotive Suspension Systems." SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems 1, no. 1 (April 14, 2008): 568–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0692.

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24

WANG, Wei. "Influence of Independent Suspension Automotive Steering Clearance and Coulomb Friction on Hopf Bifurcation Characteristic." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 47, no. 02 (2011): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2011.02.130.

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25

TAKAHASHI, Masaki, Takashi KUMAMARU, and Kazuo YOSHIDA. "Integrated Controller Design for Automotive Semi-Active Suspension Considering Vehicle Behavior with Steering Input." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 74, no. 744 (2008): 2015–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.74.2015.

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26

TAKAHASHI, Masaki, Takashi KUMAMARU, and Kazuo YOSHIDA. "Integrated Controller Design for Automotive Semi-Active Suspension Considering Vehicle Behavior with Steering Input." Journal of System Design and Dynamics 4, no. 5 (2010): 712–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsdd.4.712.

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27

Parczewski, Krzysztof, and Henryk Wnęk. "Analysis of the impact of reduced damping in the suspension on selected vehicle steering characteristics." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 233, no. 4 (March 19, 2019): 392–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651818795918.

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The article presents the analysis of the impact of reduced damping in the suspension on the change of selected characteristics of vehicle steering. The most important factors influencing the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle steered are described. To this purpose, experimental tests were carried out on a B-class passenger vehicle for selected road tests. These tests were carried out on a vehicle with nominal and reduced damping in the right front wheel suspension. The effect of changing the position of the centre of mass on the behaviour of the vehicle was also taken into account. Comparisons of vehicle test results with standard suspension and with modifications have been carried out. The influence of reduced damping in the suspension on the change of the vehicle steering characteristics in steady and dynamically changing conditions was analysed. In the conducted considerations, the indicators defining the properties of vehicle steerability and stability were used. The determined indicators allowed assessing the impact of the considered changes in the characteristics of the vehicle suspension on its steering and stability of motion.

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28

Wolf-Monheim, Friedrich, Mathias Schumacher, Michael Frantzen, Thomas Schrüllkamp, and Sebastian Loos. "Interlinked Air Suspension Systems." ATZautotechnology 9, no. 3 (May 2009): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03247122.

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29

Cianetti, Filippo, Luca Fabellini, Valerio Formica, and Francesco Ambrogi. "Development and validation of a simplified automotive steering dynamic model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 235, no. 8 (January 9, 2021): 2188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020984668.

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This paper describes an innovative analytic/numerical method for modeling steering systems for automotive applications. Starting from a detailed literature analysis and pushed by vehicle manufacturers’ needs, a simplified steering dynamic model, characterized by few parameters, has been identified. It guarantees both the replication of the dynamic behavior of real systems, generally represented through more complex multibody models, and the reduction of the simulation time of the entire vehicle system, making it suitable for dedicated numerical computing environments, such as the, so-called, explicit multibody codes. Moreover, particular emphasis has been place on the correct evaluation of the influence of friction on steering system dynamics.

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30

Watanabe, Y., and R. S. Sharp. "Neural network learning control of automotive active suspension systems." International Journal of Vehicle Design 21, no. 2/3 (1999): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.1999.005572.

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31

Jarosław Gonera, Jerzy Napiórkowski, and Kamil Ciborowski. "Influence of the Load Distribution And Sizes on the Wheel Geometry in Passenger Cars." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 23, no. 1 (October 21, 2020): B1—B12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2021.1.b1-b12.

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This paper discusses impact of changes in the load size and distribution in passenger cars on geometry of the suspension and steering systems. It was found to have a major impact on the road safety. The research was carried out with the four most popular suspension system designs used in modern passenger cars, i.e. multi-link suspension on both front and rear axles, only on the front axle, only on the rear axle and a simple suspension design for both front and rear axles. Eight load variants were used for the tests. Changes in the following wheel geometry parameters were identified: toe-in and camber angles of all the wheels and castors for the front wheels. The numerical relationships were determined between the load distribution and sizes and changes in suspension and steering systems in passenger cars. It was found that cars with multi-link suspension in both front and rear axles adapt best to changes in weight and load distribution.

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32

KOJIMA, Eiichi, Chaojiu WANG, Masahiro NISHIKAWA, Shuichi KINJYO, Daisuke MORINO, and Toru YAMAZAKI. "Development of Simplified Steering Simulator for Design Support of Automotive Electric Power Steering System(Mechanical Systems)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 76, no. 769 (2010): 2308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.76.2308.

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33

Zhao, Wanzhong, Chunyan Wang, Ting Zhao, and Yijun Li. "Research on the multi-disciplinary design method for an integrated automotive steering and suspension system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 229, no. 9 (November 25, 2014): 1249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407014559565.

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34

Mills, V. D., and J. R. Wagner. "Behavioural modelling and analysis of hybrid vehicle steering systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440703321645061.

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Hybrid vehicles integrate an internal combustion engine, electric motor with accompanying battery pack and generator, and potentially fuel cells to realize greater fuel economy and reduced emission levels. A variety of powertrain operating scenarios exist including engine with belt-driven generator, electric motor using battery pack and/or fuel cell and, finally, engine and electric motor. Automotive subsystems such as hydraulic power steering cannot be consistently powered by a conventional belt-driven hydraulic pump since the engine may be frequently turned off to conserve energy. Thus, a need exists to investigate the dynamic behaviour of various steering systems for hybrid vehicles in terms of platform steering characteristics and power consumption. In this paper, empirical and analytical mathematical models will be presented for power (e.g. hydraulic, electric and steer by wire) rack and pinion steering units. The influence of chassis, tyre-road interface and steering system non-linearities are introduced. Representative numerical results will be presented and discussed to investigate a vehicle's transient response for each steering system configuration.

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35

Harada, M. "Analysis of lateral stability with integrated control of suspension and steering systems." JSAE Review 20, no. 4 (October 1999): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0389-4304(99)00040-5.

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36

HARADA, Masanori, and Hiroshi HARADA. "Analysis of Lateral Stability with Integrated Control of Suspension and Steering Systems." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 65, no. 638 (1999): 4135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.65.4135.

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37

DOI, Shun'ichi, Yasutaka HAYASHI, Yasushi AMANO, Eiichi YASUDA, and Masahiko MIZUNO. "Vibration and motion control of vehicle by active suspension and steering systems." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 57, no. 534 (1991): 606–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.57.606.

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38

Akhmedov, D. A., and B. A. Aliboev. "Kinematic Optimization of the Steering and Suspension Systems of a Modernized Car." Russian Engineering Research 41, no. 6 (June 2021): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x21060034.

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39

Sename, Olivier. "Review on LPV Approaches for Suspension Systems." Electronics 10, no. 17 (August 31, 2021): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10172120.

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This paper presents a detailed literature review about Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) approaches applied to vehicle suspension systems. Indeed many works have been devoted to vehicle (active and semi-active) suspension in the past 20 years, because this subsystem in the only one affecting passenger comfort and road holding. Moreover several studies have also been concerned with global vehicle dynamic control using the suspension systems in collaboration with other subsystems (steering, braking …). On the other hand, the LPV approaches have proved to be very efficient to control non linear systems as well as to provide some kind of adaptive control. Naturally many LPV methods have been developed for suspension systems in order to take into account the nonlinear characteristics of the dampers, to adapt the suspension performance to the passenger request or to the road profile, to make the suspension systems collaborate with other subsystems, or to provide a fault tolerant control in case of damper loss of efficiency. This survey paper will make a deep analysis about the recent studies dedicated to vehicle suspension systems aiming at providing a better insight on the type of LPV methods that have been considered.

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40

Yue, C., T. Butsuen, and J. K. Hedrick. "Alternative Control Laws for Automotive Active Suspensions." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 111, no. 2 (June 1, 1989): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3153048.

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A two degree of freedom (1/4 car model) is used to evaluate alternative linear control laws. Control laws considered are full state feedback, sprung mass absolute velocity feedback and an LQG regulator using suspension deflection as the measurement. It is shown that all three can yield improvements to the sprung mass ride quality but that overall the LQG regulator using suspension deflection provides the best trade-off between ride quality, suspension packaging and road holding constraints.

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41

Yoshimura, Toshio, and Yota Emoto. "Steering and suspension system of a half car model using fuzzy reasoning and skyhook dampers." International Journal of Vehicle Design 31, no. 2 (2003): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2003.003186.

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42

Truscott, A. J. "Composite active suspension for automotive vehicles." Computing & Control Engineering Journal 5, no. 3 (June 1, 1994): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cce:19940311.

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43

Ahangarnejad, Arash Hosseinian, Stefano Melzi, and Mehdi Ahmadian. "Integrated Vehicle Dynamics System through Coordinating Active Aerodynamics Control, Active Rear Steering, Torque Vectoring and Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension." International Journal of Automotive Technology 20, no. 5 (August 10, 2019): 903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0084-x.

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44

Hernández-Alcantara, Diana, and Ruben Morales-Menendez. "Experimental Platform for Teaching Control of Automotive Suspension." IFAC-PapersOnLine 49, no. 6 (2016): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.206.

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45

Karthikeyan, R., S. Rajkumar, R. Joseph Bensingh, M. Abdul Kader, and Sanjay K. Nayak. "Finite element analysis of elastomer used in automotive suspension systems." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 52, no. 6 (September 17, 2019): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244319875774.

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Present research endeavours towards the development of a methodology to enhance the life of hyperelastic materials in automotive suspension (leaf spring) system. The durability of the elastomeric (rubber) material in the insert was determined at various loading conditions for better operation. Three different rubber materials were used as the models including the currently used rubber material in the suspension system. The non-linear finite element analysis was carried out for the three different materials with the uniaxial stress–strain data as the input source for the material properties. A suitable hyperelastic model was also used as the input for determining the deformation and the stress concentration in the leaf spring tip insert. The failure of the tip insert was determined in various loading conditions and the best design for limited stress concentration with higher reliability was determined in the three models. The overall results are tabulated and compared for better utilization of rubber as a tip insert in the automotive industry.

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46

Konieczny, Łukasz, and Rafał Burdzik. "Modern suspension systems for automotive vehicles and their test methods." Vibroengineering PROCEDIA 14 (October 21, 2017): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2017.19238.

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47

Mitra, Anirban C., Tanushri Soni, and G. R. Kiranchand. "Optimization of Automotive Suspension System by Design of Experiments: A Nonderivative Method." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2016 (July 27, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3259026.

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A lot of health issues like low back pain, digestive disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders are caused as a result of the whole body vibrations induced by automobiles. This paper is concerned with the enhancement and optimization of suspension performance by using factorial methods of Design of Experiments, a nonderivative method. It focuses on the optimization of ride comfort and determining the parameters which affect the suspension behavior significantly as per the guidelines stated in ISO 2631-1:1997 standards. A quarter car test rig integrated with a LabVIEW based data acquisition system was developed to understand the real time behavior of a vehicle. In the pilot experiment, only three primary suspension parameters, that is, spring-stiffness, damping, and sprung mass, were considered and the full factorial method was implemented for the purpose of optimization. But the regression analysis of the data obtained rendered a very low goodness of fit which indicated that other parameters are likely to influence the response. Subsequently, steering geometry angles, camber and toe and tire pressure, were included in the design. Fractional factorial method with six factors was implemented to optimize ride comfort. The resultant optimum combination was then verified on the test rig with high correlation.

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Lin, Yi, Guobiao Shi, and Shuai Wang. "Integrated hierarchical control strategy of active suspension and differential assisted steering system for electric-wheel vehicle." International Journal of Vehicle Design 81, no. 3/4 (2019): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2019.10033890.

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Wang, Shuai, Guobiao Shi, and Yi Lin. "Integrated hierarchical control strategy of active suspension and differential assisted steering system for electric-wheel vehicle." International Journal of Vehicle Design 81, no. 3/4 (2019): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvd.2019.111581.

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Li, Li Yun. "Simulation Analysis of Coupled Automobile Chassis Suspension and Steering System." Advanced Materials Research 1046 (October 2014): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1046.182.

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Suspension and steering systems are the two important subsystems of the vehicle chassis, and the two are not independent of each other, but are closely linked, so the coupling relationships between the two need to be considered to make the integrated control. Based on the tire force, dynamic load distribution, coupling movement relations, and coupling its structure and control parameters, a dynamic model of tire and suspension control system for is built to provide a model basis and research base for the study of the vehicle chassis system control.

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