Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Autonomisation politique'
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Porteilla, Raphaël. "Les reconstructions contradictoires de l'Etat sud-africain : les bantoustans entre autonomisation et réintégration." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOD003.
Full textStudying the contractions in the process of reconstruction of the South African state brings to light the political approach through which a state tried to legitimize the fragmentation of its territory so as to maintain and reinforce the control of the minority over the majority. A particularly wicked method the policy of Bantustans was set up as a mode of territorial restructuration and government. It however partakes of a more global policy of apartheid which tends to update the colonial "divide and rule" principle. The contradictions inherent in the first stage of the reconstruction of the South African state (1948-1985) attest to the difficulties that were met in incorporating the legacy of colonial structures into a process of modernization of domination aiming at reconciling exclusion with integration, exploitation with development. The failure of the policy known as "separate development" provided the basis for the second reconstruction of the South African state which started in 1994, after four years spent in negotiations. At the heart of the process of democratization of the state, we find the necessary taking into account of this legacy which brought about a number
Piquet, Agathe. "Europol, une police européenne ? Création et autonomisation d’une agence." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020033.
Full textFacing the current salience of internal security issues and criticism regarding the European construction, this dissertation focuses on Europol’s institutional trajectory from the 1990s to 2018. It analyses how it has evolved from an intergovernmental organisation, officially starting its activities in 1999, to an EU agency benefiting from growing resources and prerogatives. Therefore, this research offers an analytical altenative to the dominant principal-agent model in the field of agencies, by exploring the academic works on autonomy, renewed by a cognitive and sociological approach. Using a qualitative methodology, this thesis highlights the diversity of internal and external actors and dynamics contributing to Europol’s creation and autonomisation processes. It reveals the promises offered by the multi-faceted concept of autonomy, used to Europol, inserted in a complex and multi-level environement due to its national and European, technical, bureaucratic and political stakeholders. Such perspective aims thereby to understand not only the degree of Europol’s autonomy, but intends also to identify from whom this autonomy must be considered. Thus, this dissertation tends more broadly to develop new research perspectives on EU agencies operating in a core-state power
Davidshofer, Stephan. "La gestion de crise européenne ou quand l'Europe rencontre la sécurité : modalités pratiques et symboliques d'une autonomisation." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0047.
Full textThis PhD dissertation aims at analyzing the autonomization processes enabling the construction of the European Union (EU) as an international security actor, through an encounter between security dynamics since the end of the Cold War and European construction own stakes. It draws on a case study dedicated to European crisis management, i. E. EU’s ability to mobilize a vast range of both civilian and military means, as an expression of the progressive constitution of a viable European conflict management space. In order to put some distance with the ambiguous relationship developed over time between EU studies and their research object, a genealogical approach informs this dissertation’s methodology. It therefore starts by situating the conditions of acceptability leading to the constitution of European crisis management within the world of security own dynamics as opposed to EU’s institutional adaptation to post-cold war new threats. Then, the rest of this research aims at following lines of rupture, which have enabled the emergence of EU crisis management. In this framework, the recent EU-UN relations deepening in the field of Crisis Management has been a central locus for European Crisis Management autonomization. Both as a know-hows importation channel and an enlargement of the EU foreign policy bureaucratic spaces of struggle, the strategic partnership developed with the UN has contributed to the sanctioning of a specifically European -i. E an embodiment of EU’s international identity- conflict management tool
De, Wouters De Bouchout Charlotte. "Le renforcement des capacités entre autonomisation et contrôle: le cas de la politique publique de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA au Sénégal." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209266.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Sangaret, Inthy. "Autonomisation des femmes vulnérables participant au Programme national de bourses de sécurité familiale (PNBSF) du Sénégal, demeurant dans la commune de Saint-Louis." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38109.
Full textIn order to foster better social and economic development, empowering women appears to be a clear necessity. In Senegal, women play a key role in the smooth running of families. However, their socio-economic living conditions question whether their needs are taken into account. However, their socio-economic living conditions question whether their needs are taken into account. In this context, the Government of Senegal has established the National Family Security Subsidy Program (PNBSF) to ensure more inclusive development for all through a redistribution of national resources in the form of cash transfers to low income households with children, the recipient of which are mothers. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify the obstacles and elements which facilitate women's autonomy and participation in the commune of Saint-Louis, one of Senegal's largest cities. At the same time, it examines the role the PNBSF could play in this regard. To carry out this study, a qualitative methodology was used, involving 21 participants, including 14 women from low-income households who are beneficiaries of the PNBSF grant, five agents of the NGO responsible for implementing this programme in the field and an expert from the Ministry of Health. Three focus groups and one individual interview were conducted to collect the data. The results show that women face economic, psychosocial and cultural barriers as well as political, legal and administrative obstacles. Their vulnerability also affects their health and the education of their children. The study shows that in order to empower these women, it is necessary, among other things, to build their capacity in literacy and vocational skills and to promote their access to a number of resources. The PNBSF could play a role in providing these women with training, counselling and additional financial support.
Auffray-Seguette, Marie. "Les biens de ce monde : l'économie vue comme espace de recomposition de la religion dans la modernité." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0137.
Full textThe general goal is to identify, in modernity, the recomposition of religious universals. The observation relates to the economic sphere. The approach follows Max Weber's "disenchantment of the world" theory. But contrary to this theory, which presented capitalist economy as the end of religion, here the capitalist economy is seen as a space for religious recomposition. Religion is understood here as a way to establish social order upon a process of objectivation, which in turn would be based on an illusion of heterodetermination. This thesis intends to show that the recomposition of modem religion takes place along the same dynamics that are supposed to originate religious decline. These dynamics - the rationalisation movement, the autonomization of values and the rise of individualism-are successively considered as heirs of religious principles which turn the secularization movement against itself
Montaz, Léo. "« Manger pour soi-même » : stratégies d'émancipation et processus d'autonomisation chez les jeunes bétés de « retour à la terre » en Côte d'Ivoire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB178.
Full textIvorian rural areas, particularly those in the centre and the west - like the Bété land, where I conducted my field works - have a notable feature: they host more migrants than they provide, and these migrants are mostly young people. Since the late 1970s, the country has been marked by a strong migratory process known as "return to the land", which is often only a return to the village. Today, it concerns young indigenous peoples of the forest zone, who come to settle in their paternal villages with the hope of a better life for some, or as a solution of second-best for others. This migratory process is generally interpreted as a consequence of urban precariousness and as one of the causes of the aggravation of the socio-land crisis in the country This PhD thesis offers a different perspective on this phenomenon by apprehending it under the way of the economic and political dynamics provoked by these young people. They carrying an ideology of "modernity", as they seek to emancipate themselves from their elders and to create new forms of solidarity. These ambitions are accompanied by two concomitant processes whose analysis constitutes the heart of this work: the empowerment of youth as a political category on the one hand and the individualisation of certain young people within this category on the other hand. This PhD thesis thus sheds light on two processes rarely analysed in the villages, while they are well documented in urban area. It thus provides insights into the contemporary changes in rural areas in Côte d'Ivoire
Jalbert, Martin. "De l'autre côté des mots : poétique des paroles muettes et politique contrariée dans la littérature québécoise : (Gauvreau, Miron, Aquin)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21247.
Full textEge, Ragip. "Le concept de liberté et la question de la production." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR10028.
Full textErdinç, Işil. "Syndicats, partis, Etat sous le gouvernement AKP (2002-2015) : contribution à l’analyse des dynamiques interchamps." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D089.
Full textThis thesis studies the relationship between the trade union field and the political field in Turkey under the government of the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) from 2002 to 2015. Joining the discussion around Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, it aims to understand how homologies between social fields are constructed and how fields are becoming autonomous. This research is primarily based on fieldwork that involves observation and nearly a hundred semi-structured interviews in the three labour union confederations (DİSK, Hak-İş, Türk-İş), conducted between December 2011 and April 2014. Under the AKP government, the transfers and alliances between trade unions and political parties enable their coherence. The intervention of the AKP government reinforces and accelerates these transfers, and transforms the trade union field. Thus, the correspondent of the dominant actor in the political field becomes the dominant actor in the trade union field. The influence of political cleavages on trade union strategies increases. Being for or against the AKP government becomes the main axis of union competition. These homologies do not yet happen in the same way at all scales. The local (sectorial and territorial), and even international dynamics generate a plurality of configurations. Autonomous spaces for resistance for trade unions emerge at the local level
Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de 2002-2015 yılları arasındaki AKP hükümetleri döneminde sendikal alanve siyasal alan arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Pierre Bourdieu’nün alan teorisi etrafında, alanlararasındaki benzerliklerin nasıl oluştuğu ve alanların nasıl özerkleştiği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.Araştırma, 2011 Aralık ve 2014 Nisan tarihleri arasında üç işçi sendikası konfederasyonunda(DİSK, Hak-İş, Türk-İş) gerçekleştirilen gözlem ve yüze yakın yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesinegörüşmelerden oluşan saha çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. AKP döneminde sendikal alan ve siyasalalan birbirine benzeşmeye başlamıştır. Sendika ve siyasi gruplar arasında var olan yakınlaşmalariki alan arasında çeşitli kaynak alışverişleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. AKP hükümetinin sendikalişleyiş üzerindeki müdahalesi, devlet eliyle, bu süreci hızlandırarak sendikal alanıdönüştürmektedir. Siyasal ayrışmaların sendikal stratejiler üzerindeki etkisi artmakta, sendikal alankutuplaşmaktadır. Siyasal alandaki hakim aktörün sendikacılıktaki karşılığı kendi alanının hakimaktörü haline gelmektedir. AKP hükümetine karşı olmak veya olmamak sendikal rekabetinbelirleyici ekseni olmaktadır. Ancak bu homolojilerin sendikal örgütlenmenin her seviyesinde aynışekilde yeniden üretildiği de söylenemez. Yerel (sendikal/işkolu ve bölgesel), hatta uluslararasıölçekte, farklı sendika-siyaset ilişkileri ortaya çıkmakta, sendikalar için yerel ölçekte özerkleşmeve direniş alanları gözlemlenmektedir
Bolduc, Carolyne. "Cadrer la beauté : recherche-action par l'art, engagement et agentivité dans l'espace public de Limoilou." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33938.
Full textThis master’s thesis reports on an arts-based action research implemented in the public space of Limoilou, a Quebec City neighborhood. In recent decades, major economic and social transformations have led to a gentrification process in Limoilou. However, unlike many other neighborhoods in contemporary Western cities which are going through similar processes, Limoilou is the scene of many civil and community activities, demonstrations and protests. Analyzing them highlights the commitment and agency of a community of new residents struggling for power over urban space. The aim of their struggles is to remain the initiators of the projects and to keep the power over the development of the Limoilou public space. Implemented with the residents of this community, the process of creating two projects (one artistic and the other one based on tactical urbanism) has made visible a common imaginary translated into collective action. In a critical theoretical perspective, our analysis also uncovered the effects of global structural dimensions on local action while demonstrating the community's creative adaptations to them. This research therefore proposes avenues for reflection to address new forms of urban public space initiatives. Keywords: Limoilou, Urban anthropology, Arts based action-research, Public space, Agency, Civic engagement, Public art, Tactical urban planning, Gentrification.
Dorion, Léa. "Organisations alternatives et empowerment : une approche féministe : Penser l'organizing depuis ses marges." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED038.
Full textThis thesis is part of a conversation on alternative organizations, and underlines the potential of a feminist approach to understand these organizations. I offer to study a core process of feminist organizations :empowerment. The objective is both to explore how this sheds a new light on feminist and alternative organizing, and to rethink organizing from its margins.To do so, I have conducted a two-years feminist ethnography within a feminist collective. The ethnographic tale describes three dimensions of empowerment as it is practiced within the collective: conscientization, mobilization and social transformation. It entails a definition of empowerment as a collective, dissonant andprefigurative praxis, which performativelyconstructs the organization as feminist. I suggest to think of empowerment as an alternative organizing process, which incarnatesand politicizes an ontology of becoming fororganizations
Lopez-Avila, Diana. "Three Essays on Children Well Being, Women Empowerment and Social Programs." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0046.
Full textSeveral social programs have been implemented in developing countries with the aim of improving children's and women's well-being. Despite the existing evidence on the impact of these programs, there are still some knowledge gaps where this thesis aims to fill. First, programs such as Conditional Cash Transfers have been effective at increasing school attendance, but do not necessarily at achieving a large reduction on child labor. This thesis shows that the relative price of mothers and children labor is crucial to observe a reduction in child labor, due to the program. Children's working time is going to largely decrease in cases where mother's labor time is less expensive as compared to children's. Second, the evaluation of programs targeted to early childhood has been largely focused on nutrition, health, cognitive and non-cognitive skills, leaving aside parenting outcomes. Evidence found in this thesis shows that early childhood interventions impact parenting practices, particularly how children are disciplined. Parents of children who are largely exposed to these interventions use less physical violence as a way to discipline their children. Finally, women's empowerment plays a key role as an outcome and as a channel in the evaluation of these interventions. However, we lack information on how to approach and assess women's empowerment. This thesis shows that social capital seems to better capture women's bargaining power, as compared to traditional dimensions, such as participation in household decisions. This later analysis is done to understand the relation between women's empowerment and domestic violence
Nlend, V. Georges Boniface. "Analyse sociologique des causes de la marginalisation des communautés locales et examen des conditions et conséquences de leur capacitation dans la gouvernance forestière au Cameroun." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33430.
Full textLebrun, Pascaline, and Pascaline Lebrun. "L'accompagnement des demandeurs d'asile au Québec : quelles possibilités d'empowerment?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37558.
Full textLes déplacements de populations révèlent les situations économiques et politiques de nos sociétés. En effet, les migrations ont toujours existé que ce soit dû au nomadisme, à l’exode rural, à la migration économique ou encore de protection. Cependant, les migrations questionnent les professionnels en travail social qui côtoient des personnes immigrantes de tous statuts. Les discours politique et médiatique sur les migrations comportent aussi leur lot d’enjeux sécuritaires. Nous constatons ainsi une augmentation des mesures de contrôle aux frontières et plusieurs modifications relatives à la Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés qui ont un impact direct sur la vie des migrants, en particulier ceux qui recherchent l’asile. À travers ce mémoire, nous explorerons les parcours des demandeurs d’asile au Québec. L’expérience d’être réfugié et en recherche de protection entraîne des enjeux sécuritaires et humanitaires, quel que ce soit le pays de départ ou celui d’accueil. Les populations en recherche de protection, particulièrement les demandeurs d’asile, seraient ainsi soumis à des difficultés d’ordre structurel. C’est dans ce contexte que nous nous questionnons sur les conditions d’accueil des demandeurs d’asile au Québec. Plus précisément, le sujet de ce mémoire porte sur l’empowerment des demandeurs d’asile, à savoir si l’accompagnement offert leur permet des conditions favorables à l’exercice d’un pouvoir d’agir.
Population displacements reveal the economic and political situations of our societies. Indeed, migration has always existed whether due to nomadism, rural exodus, economic migration or protection. However, migration questions social work professionals who work with immigrants of all statuses. Political and media discourse on migration also has its share of security issues. We are seeing an increase in border control measures and several amendments to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act have a direct impact on the lives of migrants, particularly those seeking asylum. In this master’s thesis, we will explore the paths of asylum seekers in Quebec. The experience of being a refugee and seeking protection raises security and humanitarian issues, regardless of the country of departure or host country. Populations seeking protection, particularly asylum seekers, would thus be subject to structural difficulties. It is in this context that we question the conditions under which asylum seekers are received in Quebec. More specifically, the subject of this thesis concerns the empowerment of asylum seekers, i.e whether the support offered allows them to exercise their power of action under favourable conditions.
Population displacements reveal the economic and political situations of our societies. Indeed, migration has always existed whether due to nomadism, rural exodus, economic migration or protection. However, migration questions social work professionals who work with immigrants of all statuses. Political and media discourse on migration also has its share of security issues. We are seeing an increase in border control measures and several amendments to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act have a direct impact on the lives of migrants, particularly those seeking asylum. In this master’s thesis, we will explore the paths of asylum seekers in Quebec. The experience of being a refugee and seeking protection raises security and humanitarian issues, regardless of the country of departure or host country. Populations seeking protection, particularly asylum seekers, would thus be subject to structural difficulties. It is in this context that we question the conditions under which asylum seekers are received in Quebec. More specifically, the subject of this thesis concerns the empowerment of asylum seekers, i.e whether the support offered allows them to exercise their power of action under favourable conditions.
Juan, Maïté. "Sociologie des initiatives culturelles citoyennes : le pouvoir d'agir entre démocratie participative et économie solidaire." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1182.
Full textThrough the analysis of cultural citizens’ experiences – a cultural centre of comunity-based managment, a self-directed sociocultural centre and an association of artistic mediation – this thesis questions the capacity of citizens’ initiatives to constitute autonomous public spaces, as sources of creativity and resistance, of elaboration of critical discourses and construction of concrete alternatives. In front of the limits of institutional offer of participation, of entrepreneurial standardization of citizens’ initiatives and of commodification of the cultural field, this research investigates the various levers of the autonomy of public spaces of civil society, combining two main scales of analysis : the making of collective action (institutional, organizational, economic but also social and relational dimensions) and the relation to political institutions, through the tension between institutionalization and counter-power, domestication and institutional innovation. At the crossroads between economic and political sociology, the stakes of this thesis are to articulate participatory democracy and solidarity-based economy fields to understand the conditions of citizen autonomy, to enrich the Habermasian approach of « autonomous public spaces » but also to contribute to a sociology of emancipation that, without neglecting domination and reproduction processes, was able to enlighten critical and creative capacities of these popular public spaces