Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Autonomy avoidance'
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Yucel, Gizem. "A Reactionary Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm For Autonomous Vehicles." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614480/index.pdf.
Full textDaltorio, Kathryn A. "Obstacle Navigation Decision-Making: Modeling Insect Behavior for Robot Autonomy." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1365157897.
Full textClem, Garrett Stuart. "An Optimized Circulating Vector Field Obstacle Avoidance Guidance for UnmannedAerial Vehicles." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1530874969780028.
Full textPratt, Kevin S. "Analysis of VTOL MAV use during rescue and recovery operations following Hurricane Katrina." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002209.
Full textVeerla, Veena, and Maanasa Subrahmanyam. "Influence of cultural dimensions on Agile team behavioral characteristics." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2450.
Full textLeca, Dimitri. "Navigation autonome d'un robot agricole." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30036.
Full textThis thesis explores the field of agricultural robotics. It aims at developing navigation strategies allowing a mobile robot to navigate safely and autonomously inside a farm. This kind of agricultural environment is highly evolutive and includes many static obstacles (buildings, storage areas, etc.) and dynamic obstacles (cars, agricultural machines, human operators, animals, etc.). The proposed navigation strategy must therefore be both reactive and adaptive. Consequently, this thesis focuses on the design of sensor-based navigation methods (LiDAR, vision, ...) and obstacle avoidance techniques in static but also highly dynamic environments. Due to the diversity of environments and possible cases, we have developed methods that are as generic as possible, able to handle both static and dynamic cases. Thus, we will first introduce the spirals, which allow to obtain relevant and flexible avoidance trajectories. Then, we will present our method of navigation and obstacle avoidance, based on a dynamic parametrization of the spirals according to the evolution of the environment. We will show that due to the generic aspect of spirals, this method can be easily adapted to avoid both static and dynamic obstacles. Finally, these solutions will be first validated in simulation, then implemented on a mobile robot for experiments in real conditions
Ekström, Johan. "Obstacle avoidance for platforms in three-dimensional environments." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189320.
Full textFältet inom kollisionsundvikande är ett välforskat område. Trots detta så är forskning inom kollisionsundvikande metoder i tre dimensioner förvånansvärt magert. För plattformar som kan navigera det tredimensionella rummet, såsom multirotor-baserade drönare kommer sådana metoder att bli mer vanliga. I denna tes presenteras en kollisionsundvikande metod, menad för det tredimensionella rummet. Först reduceras dimensionaliteten av det tredimensionella rummet genom att projicera hinderobservationer på ett tvådimensionellt sfärisk ark i form av en djupkarta som bibehåller information om riktning och avstånd till hinder. Därefter beaktas plattformens dimensioner genom att tillämpa ett efterbehandlingssteg på djupkartan. Till sist, med kunskap om rörelsemodellen, ett verifieringssteg där information från djupkartan används för att försäkra sig om att plattformen inte kolliderar med några hinder genom att inte tillåta kontrollinmatningar som leder till kollisioner. Om det finns flera kontrollinmatningskandidater efter verifikationssteget som leder till hastighetsvektorer nära en önskad hastighetsvektor så används en heuristisk kostnadsfunktion, där likheten i riktning och magnitud av den resulterande vektorn och önskade hastighetsvektorn värderas, för att välja en av dem. Utvärdering av metoden visar att plattformar kan bibehålla avstånd till hinder. Dock föreslås ytterligare arbete för att förbättra tillförlitligheten av metoden samt att utvärdera metoden i den verkliga världen.
Raab, Raphaelle. "Vers une pédagogie des temps faibles : étude sur les processus d'autonomisation en classe maternelle dans le cadre des espaces-temps intersticiels." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20046/document.
Full textThis dissertation studies favorable conditions to empowerment of pupils. The empirical study was carried out in the final year of kindergarten. In most learning/teaching situations, "autonomy moments" are structurally inevitable since the teacher cannot be systematically available to everyone all the time. Interest is focused on moments during which the teacher does not directly intervene, either because he/she is not available or because he/she voluntarily withdraws from the learning situation. We call these moments "low times" because of the teacher's low presence: during these specific moments, each student responds according to his own strengths without the teacher's direct intervention to regulate both learning and behavior. It appears that students are not naturally autonomous: when left unattended, the so-called "autonomous" learning activities contribute to widening the knowledge gap between students in learning situations. Autonomy would be part of this implicitly expected behavior and is "all the more expected and required from teachers rather than being constructed in, with and by school". How can student empowerment be perceived and operationalized in an ordinary class context? Our goal is to identify tools, levers, interactions and devices which enable students to benefit from "low times" for their own learning. The data are collected in 14 classes in 117 half-days of direct observation. Socio-constructivist approach to learning suggests that in order to construct new knowledge, the student must encounter an obstacle in the course of accomplishing his task. Learning results from overcoming this obstacle. We highlight differentiated behaviors of students when facing obstacles in autonomy classroom workshops: some resort to avoidance strategies and refuse to deal with this obstacle by bypassing or circumventing it. Conversely, others draw on (their own) resources in order to overcome it and construct new knowledge. During the study period, remarkable dynamics appear: some students, with usually an "avoidant" attitude, join or maintain a "drawing on resource conduct". The study of the "notable exceptions" leads to the emergence of the favorable conditions which fostered this particular dynamic in terms of tools, activities, interactions and devices. What would have worked to the benefit of the notable exceptions could be further used as a sustainable and pedagogical lever to the benefit of all students. These conditions become then supposedly favorable and are reinvested in experimental devices in order to see if they produce the expected effects, to which extent and within what limits? Il clearly appears that the empowerment process, in classroom context of a large and heterogeneous class, is developed in a special way in "low times" of pedagogical structuration and their articulation with "strong times", notably collective feedbacks on workshops. A pedagogy of "low times" entails providing the teacher with substantial pedagogical status, which would be a crucial step as well as an instrument in the school empowerment process. Such pedagogy would also entail carefully organizing teacher's intervention in an indirect mode, through a class device which would relay it through its various dispositions (tools, rules, activities, interactions). The student would then internalize these dispositions as psychological instruments in referring to oneself in the first person. This pedagogy would finally entail a redefinition of teacher's role: his/her apparent "absence" from the situation which would paradoxically become, a teaching-learning tool to the benefit of school empowerment
Dicheva, Svetlana. "Planification de mission pour un système de lancement aéroporté autonome." Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00878784.
Full textStrömgren, Oliver. "Deep Learning for Autonomous Collision Avoidance." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147693.
Full textDa, Silva Filho José Grimaldo. "Towards natural human-robot collaboration during collision avoidance." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM003.
Full textClassical approaches for robot navigation among people have focused on guaranteed collision-free motion with the assumption that people are either static or moving obstacles. However, people are not ordinary obstacles. People react to the presence and the motion of a robot. In this context, a robot that behaves in human-like manner has been shown to reduce overall cognitive effort for nearby people as they do not have to actively think about a robot's intentions while moving on its proximity.Our work is focused on replicating a characteristic of human-human interaction during collision avoidance that is the mutual sharing of effort to avoid a collision. Based on hundreds of situations where two people have crossing trajectories, we determined how total effort is shared between agents depending on several factors of the interaction such as crossing angle and time to collision. As a proof of concept our generated model is integrated into gls{rvo}. For validation, the trajectories generated by our approach are compared to the standard gls{rvo} and to our dataset of people with crossing trajectories.Collaboration during collision avoidance is not without its potential negative consequences. For effective collaboration both agents have to pass each other on the same side. However, whenever the decision of which side collision should be avoided from is not consistent for people, the robot should also account for the risk that both agents will attempt to incorrectly cross each other on different sides. Our work first determines the uncertainty around this decision for people. Based on this, a collision avoidance approach is proposed so that, even if agents initially choose to incorrectly attempt to cross each other on different sides, the robot and the person would be able to perceive the side from which collision should be avoided in their following collision avoidance action. To validate our approach, several distinct scenarios where the crossing side decision is ambiguous are presented alongside collision avoidance trajectories generated by our approach in such scenarios
Rivière, Valentin. "Vers un robot aérien autonome bio-inspiré à morphologie variable." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0061/document.
Full textThis paper describes a bio-inspired quadrotor design. This robot, called QuadMorphing, is inspired by birds and has the ability to fold its mechanical structure to reduce its wingspan during the flight. This feature could be useful for obstacle avoidance task in cluttered environments.The work presented here contains a full description of the mechatronic structure. Then, experimental results are presented and discussed in order to quantify the QuadMorphing performances during obstacle avoidance scenarios.The second part of this thesis deals with estimating obstacle size during flight using monocular visual perception. Two estimation algorithms were simulated in order to be validated and then implemented for experimental testing on a new version of the robot. In order to make the robot autonomous, the estimation of the size of the obstacle allows the robot to avoid collisions with its environment and to perform its morphological reduction if necessary
Marey, Mohammed Abdel-Rahman. "Contributions to control modeling in visual servoing, task redundancy and joint limits avoidance." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S134.
Full textL’asservissement visuel est devenu une approche classique dans le cadre de la commande de robots exploitant les informations fournies par un capteur de vision dans une boucle de commande. La recherche décrite dans cette thèse vise à résoudre des problèmes d’asservissement et à améliorer la capacité de gérer plus efficacement les tâches supplémentaires. Cette thèse présente tout d’abord l’état de l’art en asservissement visuel, redondance et évitement des butées articulaires. Elle propose ensuite les contributions suivantes: Un schéma de commande est obtenu en introduisant un paramètre de comportement dans un contrôle hybride. Il permet un meilleur comportement du système lorsque des valeurs appropriées du paramètre sont sélectionnées. Une étude analytique des lois de commandes les plus courantes et de la nouvelle loi proposée est effectuée dans le cas de mouvements de translation et de rotation selon l’axe optique. De nouveaux schémas de commande sont également proposés pour améliorer le comportement du système lorsque la configuration désirée est singulière. Les contributions théoriques concernant le formalisme de la redondance reposent sur l’élaboration d’un opérateur de projection obtenu en ne considérant que la norme de la tâche principale. Cela conduit à un problème moins contraint et permet d’élargir le domaine d’application. De nouvelles stratégies d’évitement des butées articulaires du robot fondées sur la redondance sont développées. Le problème d’ajouter des tâches secondaires à la tâche principale, tout en assurant l’évitement des butées articulaires, est également résolu. Tous ces travaux ont été validés par des expérimentations dans le cadre d’applications d’asservissement visuel
Karlsson, Samuel. "Monocular vision-based obstacle avoidance for Micro Aerial Vehicles." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80906.
Full textNorén, Karl. "Obstacle Avoidance for an Autonomous Robot Car using Deep Learning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160551.
Full textRoubieu, Frederic. "Réalisation d'un micro-robot autonome, inspiré du contrôle de vistesse et d'évitement d'obstacles observés chez l'abeille." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4114/document.
Full textIn this work, we present for the first time a bio-inspired motion vision-based navigation strategy embedded on a miniature fully-actuated hovercraft allowing it to navigate safely on the horizontal plane of an unknown corridor. The design of this autopilot, called LORA, follows the ethological findings made on honeybees these last decades, which led us to elaborate the principle of the optic flow regulation which might be used by insects to control their flight. The bee-inspired LORA autopilot is a dual optic flow regulator which consists in two intertwined visuomotor feedback loops which control jointly the forward speed of the robot and its clearance to the obstacles. The keystone of this bio-inspired guidance system is a heading-lock system enabling the robot to move in translations and therefore experience a purely translational optic flow which depends only on the ratio speed/clearance to obstacles thanks to a micro-gyrometer and a micro-magnetic compass. The estimation of optic flow is made by a minimalist compound eye, made of two or four Elementary Motion Detectors (only 4 or 8 pixels). The hovercraft is therefore able to cross without crashing a straight or a tapered corridor, presenting a frontal sloping terrain, a bend, a textureless wall, or even a non-stationary section by automatically adapting both its forward speed and its clearance to the walls imitating the honeybee. This bio-inspired visual strategy not only provides an elegant navigation solution in an unknown environment aimed to equip fully-actuated miniature vehicles but also to explain how a 100mg honeybee can navigate with few computational ressources, i.e., without any SONAR, RADAR, LIDAR or GPS
Chirca, Mihai. "Perception pour la navigation et le contrôle des robots mobiles. Application à un système de voiturier autonome." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22763/document.
Full textThis work covers the conception of a system capable to do automatic parking maneuvers more versatile than those already commercialized, respecting the technical definition of exteroceptive sensors limited by costs and weight. A typical use case is to set a vehicle to park autonomously in the parking lot of a home, function generally called autonomous home valet parking. Taking from the existing and knowing the expected performances, a system architecture and a functional architecture were drawn. This allowed to compose an assembly of interconnected functions that participated in the creation of modular software architecture, as well as in the creation of connection interfaces with the prototype vehicle. First, we explored the obstacle detection problem. Having a closed property system with ultrasonic sensors, we managed to build an obstacle map with a higher precision level than the build-in product. An increasing limit detection of the ultrasonic sensors was developed using the Structure from Motion technique. This obstacle occupancy information was exploited afterwards in order to solve the detection problem of the navigation corridors. Second, the vehicle localization is addressed. Three localization techniques work for a continuous functioning robustness: the localization by odometry, the localization by occupancy grid map matching and the localization by comparing the current image with the images stored in a database adapted to our needs and improved by computing means. Last, we interested in the vehicle navigation problem. We considered solved the actuator control problem for the tracking of a given trajectory and we concentrated on an admissible trajectory planning. We developed a local path planning technique for avoiding the unmapped obstacles. In order to build the trajectory we used curves of known geometry and we proved that by using clothoides and eventually two circle arches (if maximum steering angle achieved) it is therefore be possible to create trajectories with continuous curves adapted to our situation. We confirmed that using an obstacle map will allow us to predict forehead the possibility to take a specific navigation corridor. Each part of this work was validated in simulation as well as on real data, proving the pertinence of the proposed approaches for the intended application
Nikolajevic, Konstanca. "Système décisionnel dynamique et autonome pour le pilotage d'un hélicoptère dans une situation d'urgence." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0008/document.
Full textIn the aeronautics industrial context, the issues related to the safety constitute a highly differentiating factor. This PhD thesis addresses the challenge of operational type accident reduction. The research works are positioned and considered within the context of existing alerting equipments for collision avoidance, who don’t report a thorough analysis of the avoidance manoeuvres with respect to a possible threat. Indeed, in-flight emergency situations are various and do not all have a formal representation of escape procedures to fall back on. Much of operational accident scenarios are related to human mistakes. Even if systems providing assistance already exist, the dynamic generation of a sequence of manoeuvres under high constraints in an unknown environment remain a news research axis, and a key development perspective. In order to address this problematic and make the notion of danger objective, the research works presented in this thesis confront the capabilities of evolution of an aircraft in its immediate environment with possible physical constraints. For that purpose, the study has conducted to generate a module for trajectory generation in the 3D space frame, capable of partitioning and exploring the space ahead and around the aircraft. This has allowed to draw conclusions in terms of flexibility of escape manoeuvres on approach to the terrain. Besides, the elicitation of the Airbus Helicopters (former Eurocopter) experts knowledge put in emergency situations, for reconstituted accident scenarios in simulation, have permitted to derive a certain number of criteria and rules for parametrising the multicriteria method PROMETHEE II in the process for the relative decision-making of the best avoidance trajectory solution. This has given clues for the generation of new alerting rules to prevent the collisions
Futterlieb, Marcus. "Vision based navigation in a dynamic environment." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30191/document.
Full textThis thesis is directed towards the autonomous long range navigation of wheeled robots in dynamic environments. It takes place within the Air-Cobot project. This project aims at designing a collaborative robot (cobot) able to perform the preflight inspection of an aircraft. The considered environment is then highly structured (airport runway and hangars) and may be cluttered with both static and dynamic unknown obstacles (luggage or refueling trucks, pedestrians, etc.). Our navigation framework relies on previous works and is based on the switching between different control laws (go to goal controller, visual servoing, obstacle avoidance) depending on the context. Our contribution is twofold. First of all, we have designed a visual servoing controller able to make the robot move over a long distance thanks to a topological map and to the choice of suitable targets. In addition, multi-camera visual servoing control laws have been built to benefit from the image data provided by the different cameras which are embedded on the Air-Cobot system. The second contribution is related to obstacle avoidance. A control law based on equiangular spirals has been designed to guarantee non collision. This control law, based on equiangular spirals, is fully sensor-based, and allows to avoid static and dynamic obstacles alike. It then provides a general solution to deal efficiently with the collision problem. Experimental results, performed both in LAAS and in Airbus hangars and runways, show the efficiency of the developed techniques
Mouad, Mehdi. "Architecture de COntrôle/COmmande dédiée aux systèmes Distribués Autonomes (ACO²DA) : application à une plate-forme multi-véhicules." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22437/document.
Full textThe difficulty of coordinating a group of mobile robots is adressed in this thesis by investigating control architectures which aim to break task complexity. In fact, multi-robot navigation may become rapidly inextricable, specifically if it is made in hazardous and dynamical environment requiring precise and secure cooperation. The considered task is the navigation of a group of mobile robots in unknown environments in presence of (static and dynamic) obstacles. To overcome its complexity, it is proposed to divide the overall task into a set of basic behaviors/controllers (obstacle avoidance, attraction to a dynamical target, planning, etc.). Applied control is chosen among these controllers according to sensors information (camera, local sensors, etc.). The specificity of the theoretical approach is to combine the benefits of multi-controller control architectures to those of multi-agent organizational models to provide a high level of coordination between mobile agents-robots systems. The group of mobile robots is then coordinated according to different norms and specifications of the organizational model. Thus, activating a basic behavior in favor of another is done in accordance with the structural constraints of the robots in order to ensure maximum safety and precision of the coordinated movements between robots. Cooperation takes place through a supervisor agent (centralized) to reach the desired destination faster ; unexpected events are individually managed by the mobile agents/robots in a distributed way. To guarantee performance criteria of the control architecture, hybrid systems tolerating the control of continuous systems in presence of discrete events are explored. In fact, this control allows coordinating (by discrete part) the different behaviors (continuous part) of the architecture. The development of ROBOTOPIA simulator allowed us to illustrate each contribution by many results of simulations
Escobedo-Cabello, Jesús-Arturo. "User Intention Estimation for Semi-Autonomous Navigation of a Robotic Wheelchair." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM098/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on semi-autonomous wheelchair navigation. We aim to design asystem respecting the following constraints.Safety: The system must avoid collisions with objects and specially with humans present in the scene.Usability: People with motor disabilities and elders often have problems using joysticks and other standard control devices. The use of more sophisticated and human-like ways of interacting with the robot must be addressed to improve the acceptance and comfort for the user. It is also considered that the user could just be able to move one finger and so the request of human intervention should be as reduced as possible to accomplish the navigation task.Compliance:} The robot must navigate securely among obstacles while reducing the frustration caused to the user by taking into account his intentions at different levels; final destination, preferred path, speed etc.Respect of social conventions: When moving, the robot may considerably disturb people around it, especially when its behavior is perceived as unsocial. It is thus important to produce socially acceptable motion to reduce disturbances. We will also addresses the issue of determining those places where the robot should be placed in order become part of an interacting group.In this work we propose to estimate the user's intention in order to reduce thenumber of necessary commands to drive a robotic wheelchair and deal withambiguous or inaccurate input interfaces. In this way, the wheelchair can be incharge of some part of the navigation task and alleviate the user involvement.The proposed system takes into account the user intention in terms of the finaldestination and desired speed. At each level, the method tries to favor themost ``reasonable'' action according to the inferred user intention.The user intention problem is approached by using a model of the user based onthe hypothesis that it is possible to learn typical destinations (those wherethe user spends most of his time) and use this information to enhance theestimation of the destination targeted by the user when he is driving therobotic wheelchair.A probabilistic framework is used to model the existent relationship betweenthe intention of the user and the observed command. The main originality of theapproach relies on modeling the user intentions as typical destinations and theuse of this estimation to check the reliability of a user's command to decidehow much preeminence it should be assigned by the shared controller whenmanaging the robot's speed.The proposed shared-control navigation system considers the direction of thecommands given by the user, the obstacles detected by the robot and the inferreddestination to correct the robot's velocity when necessary. This system is basedon the dynamic window approach modified to consider the input given by the user,his intention, the obstacles and the wheelchair's dynamic constraints tocompute the appropriate velocity command.All of the results obtained in this thesis have been implemented and validatedwith experiments, using both real and simulated data. Real data has beenobtained on two different scenarios; one was at INRIA's entry hall and the otherat the experimental apartment GERHOME
Rochefort, Yohan. "Méthodes pour le guidage coopératif." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934428.
Full textJalel, Sawssen. "Optimisation de la navigation robotique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17515/1/Jalel.pdf.
Full textGim, Suhyeon. "Flexible and Smooth Trajectory Generation based on Parametric Clothoids for Nonholonomic Car-like Vehicles." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC023/document.
Full textSmooth path generation for car-like vehicles is one of the most important requisite to facilitate the broadcast use of autonomous navigation. This thesis proposes a smooth path generation method for nonholonomic vehicles which has inherently continuity of curvature and having important flexibility for various boundary conditions. The continuous curvature path is constructed by composing multiple clothoids including lines and/or arc segments, and where each clothoid is obtained by parameter regulation. From those properties the path is named pCCP (parametric Continuous Curvature Path) and provides curvature diagram which facilitates a smooth steering control for path following problem. Local pCCP problem is defined by initial and final tuple configurations (vehicles posture and steering angle). The problem is expanded to be as general as possible by including several cases. The local pCCP generation for steady target pose is specifically described, where the problem is divided into three problems and each problem is also decomposed into several sub-cases. To give more flexibility to the proposed pCCP, dynamic target is considered to obtain dynamic-pCCP (d-CCP). A simple but efficient framework to analyze the future status of obstacle avoidance is applied in 4D (3D with the addition of time axis) configuration and two avoidance maneuvers as front and rear avoidance are applied and validated with several examples. Under the similar methodology in performance criteria of pCCP generation, the human-CCP (h-CCP) is derived from experimental patterns of human driver samples. From several subexperiments, human driving pattern for obstacle avoidance, lane change and cornering motion are extracted and those pattern were included to make the h-CCP (which is obtained with similar way as pCCP but with different optimization criteria) to enhance considerably the passenger comfort
Jugade, Shriram. "Shared control authority between human and autonomous driving system for intelligent vehicles." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2507.
Full textRoad traffic accidents have always been a concern to the driving community which has led to various research developments for improving the way we drive the vehicles. Since human error causes most of the road accidents, introducing automation in the vehicle is an efficient way to address this issue thus making the vehicles intelligent. This approach has led to the development of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) functionalities. The process of introducing automation in the vehicle is continuously evolving. Currently the research in this field has targeted full autonomy of the vehicle with the aim to tackle the road safety to its fullest potential. The gap between ADAS and full autonomy is not narrow. One of the approach to bridge this gap is to introduce collaboration between human driver and autonomous system. There have been different methodologies such as haptic feedback, cooperative driving where the autonomous system adapts according to the human driving inputs/intention for the corrective action each having their own limitations. This work addresses the problem of shared control authority between human driver and autonomous driving system without haptic feedback using the fusion of driving inputs. The development of shared control authority is broadly divided into different stages i.e. shared control framework, driving input assessment, driving behavior prediction, fusion process etc. Conflict resolution is the high level strategy introduced in the framework for achieving the fusion. The driving inputs are assessed with respect to different factors such as collision risk, speed limitation,lane/road departure prevention etc in the form of degree of belief in the driving input admissibility using sensor data. The conflict resolution is targeted for a particular time horizon in the future using a sensor based driving input prediction using neural networks. A two player non-cooperative game (incorporating admissibility and driving intention) is defined to represent the conflict resolution as a bargaining problem. The final driving input is computed using the Nash equilibrium. The shared control strategy is validated using a test rig integrated with the software Simulink and IPG CarMaker. Various aspects of shared control strategy such as human-centered, collision avoidance, absence of any driving input, manual driving refinement etc were included in the validation process
Daelman, Sacha. "Influence du monde affectif et interpersonnel de l’individu dans la relation entre la dépendance, l’automutilation et ses fonctions." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18489.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to shed light on what may lead a dependent person who fears abandonment to engage in self-injury. Psychological models of object relations and attachment have shown that self-injury is empirically associated with fear of abandonment via dependency and attachment anxiety. However, the nature of this relationship has yet to be thoroughly explained. Having defined and contextualised self-injury, a theoretical explanation is proposed through object relations, attachment and experiential avoidance functions of self-injury, all with the goal of better understanding what can influence a dependent individual to self-injure. This thesis suggests that individuals who are dependent and afraid of being abandoned might use self-injury to regulate negative emotions associated with their perception of abandonment, separation or rejection. Theoretically, this influence of self-injury could occur through intrapersonal and interpersonal functions, such as affect regulation, self-punishment and interpersonal influence, as well as autonomy avoidance. These functions might serve to protect internal representations of dependence and thus, reduce subjective feelings of abandonment. To test these theoretical proposals, 58 outpatient participants completed, among other measures, the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ), the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS) and the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R). Results showed a relationship between anaclitic neediness and self-injury frequency, which was explained by mediator effects of both affective and interpersonal problems. Furthermore, this type of dependency was found to be specifically associated with marking distress, anti-dissociation, interpersonal influence and autonomy avoidance functions of self-injury. These findings suggest that anaclitic neediness favours the experience of affective and interpersonal difficulties, which in turn increase the frequency of self-injury. Results also suggested that self-injury associated with this type of dependency might serve to regulate internal affective states, to influence the interpersonal environment and to avoid autonomy. Affect regulation and self-punishment functions were endorsed by the majority of individuals who self-injured, regardless of their level of dependence. While these two functions are associated in theory to dependency issues that underpin self-injury for some individuals, analyses indicated that these functions also contribute to self-injury behaviour in people who do not fear abandonment specifically.