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Journal articles on the topic 'Autoroutes – France – Franche-Comté (France)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Estavoyer, J. M., C. Chirouze, J. F. Faucher, et al. "Leptospirosis in Franche-Comté (FRANCE): Clinical, biological, and therapeutic data." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 43, no. 9 (2013): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2013.06.018.

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2

Rampnouxi, N., P. Broquet, and J. Maniai. "Caractérisation hydraulique d'un massif calcaire fissuré de Franche-Comté (France)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 6, no. 1 (2005): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705163ar.

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Un site expérimental représentatif du milieu calcaire fissuré a été étudié dans le Jurassique supérieur de la vallée de la Loue. Un forage carotté de trente mètres a été réalisé et étudié par différentes techniques de laboratoire (porosité, perméabilité, vitesse ultrasonique, quantification de la fissuration) et de terrain (essais hydrauliques par injection entre obturateurs, diagraphies soniques, densité). Le massif rocheux concerné a été exploré en surface à partir de la sismique réfraction. Les principaux résultats obtenus permettent de relier les paramètres hydrauliques à la fissuration du massif calcaire. On constate une mauvaise relation entre les mesures de laboratoire et de terrain par suite d'un effet d'échelle, les investigations étant faites sur des volumes variant de quelques centimètres cubes à plusieurs mètres cubes. En effet, la matrice homogène et isotrope est perturbée par des fissures (fermées ou ouvertes). Le milieu continu représenté par la matrice et observé au laboratoire s'avère discontinu sur le terrain. L'indice le obtenu à partir de la diagraphie sonique paraît intéressant, mais doit être utilisé avec prudence et après correction dans les zones à argilosité reconnue, en effet dans ces zones on constate que pour des valeurs supérieures à 10 de l'indice lc brut, aucun écoulement n'a été mis en évidence par essai hydraulique. Un abaque de correction C (lc) a donc été établi qui tient compte de la teneur en argile et qui permet de proposer un indice corrige le -C (lc) plus fiable.

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3

Barral, Philippe, Pierre Nouvel, Franck Perrin, et al. "La France du Centre-Est (Auvergne, Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Rhône-Alpes)." Gallia 60, no. 1 (2003): 139–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/galia.2003.3146.

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4

Bonnans, V., L. Droz-Bartholet, É. Garcia, P. Lecuyer, B. Faivre, and P. Humbert. "Mise en œuvre d’un service de télédermatologie en Franche-Comté (France)." European Research in Telemedicine / La Recherche Européenne en Télémédecine 1, no. 3-4 (2012): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurtel.2012.09.004.

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5

Dufraisse, Alexa. "Salt Springs Exploitation Study in Franche-Comté (France): Contribution of Charcoal." Journal of Archaeological Science 29, no. 6 (2002): 667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.2001.0766.

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6

Zayet, Souheil, Timothée Klopfenstein, Alix Pierron, et al. "Shigella sonnei, an emerging multidrug-resistant sexually transmitted pathogen in Franche-Comté, France." Emerging Microbes & Infections 10, no. 1 (2021): 1702–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2021.1969289.

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7

Rath, Barbara. "Public perception and vaccine efficacy for influenza: an interview with Barbara Rath, Vienna Vaccine Safety Initiative." Future Virology 14, no. 9 (2019): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2019-0103.

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Biography Barbara Rath is a board-certified pediatrician and infectious disease specialist with 20+ years’ experience in clinical trials in USA, Latin America and Europe. Dr Rath is a cofounder and chair of the Vienna Vaccine Safety Initiative and Research Director at the University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France. Dr Rath received her medical education in Germany, USA and Spain, and her doctoral degrees and habilitation in Switzerland and France. In addition to an infectious disease fellowship at Stanford, she received residency and subspecialty training at Duke and Tulane University. Dr Rath chairs the ISIRV Epidemiology Group and is (ex-officio) board member for ISIRV. She also serves on the board for ESGREV, the ESCMID respiratory virus study group.

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8

Yasuo, ICHIKAWA, NAKAGAWA Shuichi, and OGAWA Genevieve Florence. "Repopulation and Rural Life in the Jura Region, France: Case Study of Quintigny, Franche-Comté." E-journal GEO 14, no. 1 (2019): 258–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4157/ejgeo.14.258.

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9

Vandererven, C., A. P. Bellanger, J. F. Faucher, and P. Marguet. "Primary care physician management of tick bites in the Franche-Comté region (Eastern France, 2013)." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 47, no. 4 (2017): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2017.03.007.

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10

Bossuet, G., M. Thivet, S. Trillaud, et al. "City Map of AncientEpomanduodurum(Mandeure-Mathay, Franche-Comté, Eastern France): Contribution of Geophysical Prospecting Techniques." Archaeological Prospection 19, no. 4 (2012): 261–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arp.1433.

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11

Jacquin-Porretaz, C., A. Ducournau, A. S. Dupond, C. Nardin, F. Aubin, and C. Courtieu. "Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 in the Franche-Comté region of France: A monocentric study." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 148, no. 2 (2021): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2020.12.002.

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12

Heurtel, A., M. Rougeot, and J. P. Parisot. "Comet Halley in 1910 in Franche-Comté: or Collective Memory at Fault." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 98 (1988): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100092228.

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When old people are questioned they often say that they vividly recall the appearance of Comet Halley in 1910. When, in 1985, we started to analyze that previous apparition, we fully expected to find remarkable accounts in the newspapers. But instead of dramatic stories of its appearance on the night of 1910 May 18–19, we find nothing was observed until May 28, because the sky over a large part of France (even Paris), was cloudy. Even then, it was described in terms such as “This wretched comet has a very over-inflated reputation, it appears more like a nebula than the object that we were led to expect.” So why then the popular excitment?

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13

Campy, Michel, and Jean Chaline. "Missing Records and Depositional Breaks in French Late Pleistocene Cave Sediments." Quaternary Research 40, no. 3 (1993): 318–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1085.

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AbstractCave entrance and rock shelter infillings are positioned within the Pleistocene chronology for three areas of France (northern Alps, Franche-Comté, and Périgord). Despite minor local variations, it is possible to identify regional types with a consistent depositional record over long intervals of time. The interregional variability relates to the frequency and position of the gaps within the infillings. Sites in the northern Alps have not yielded any artifacts older than the Upper Paleolithic (Magdalenı́an), and dated sedimentary sequences do not go back beyond the Older Dryas. More complete sequences in Franche-Comté contain Mousterian industries. Two major gaps occur here, one lasting about 50,000 yr during the Lower Glacial and Lower Pleniglacial periods, and the other lasting some 10,000 yr during the Upper Pleniglacial. The sequences are more complete in the Périgord, where all major climatic phases have been identified with no significant sedimentary gaps. Differences in sedimentary records can be explained by variations in regional conditions during the last interglacial-glacial cycle and especially by the distance from the maximum advance of ice daring glaciation.

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14

Spychala, Cécile, Joël Armand, Clément Dombry, and Camelia Goga. "Multivariate statistical analysis for exploring road crash-related factors in the Franche-Comté region of France." Communications in Statistics: Case Studies, Data Analysis and Applications 7, no. 3 (2021): 442–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23737484.2021.1929562.

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15

Chambon, Jean-Pierre. "Le sabotier et le linguiste : un texte oral en parler comtois de Saint-Sauveur (Haute-Saône, France) recueilli par Paul Passy à la fin du XIXe siècle." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 134, no. 4 (2018): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2018-0075.

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Abstract The purpose of this article is to give a philological edition of a short oral text in the oïlic dialect of the Franche-Comté (Saint-Sauveur, Haute -Saône), known through a transcription by Paul Passy (1896). The notes aim towards a detailed explanation of the text’s meaning. A brief linguistic analysis shows how influenced by French is the Saint-Sauveur vernacular. The commentary shows that the informant turns upside down his relationship with the linguist.

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16

Yushi, OKABE. "Multilevel Intergovernmental Relations and Competitiveness-Oriented Regional Policy in France: Case Study of the Franche-Comté Region." Geographical review of Japan series A 85, no. 3 (2012): 193–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.4157/grj.85.193.

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17

Mairot, Philippe. "A New Type of Museum Network in France: The Franche‐Comté Museums of Local Culture and Techniques." Museum International 49, no. 2 (1997): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0033.00090.

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18

Thivet, Matthieu, Gilles Bossuet, and Clément Laplaige. "Integrated geophysical and LIDAR surveys at the archaeological site of Ancient Epomanduodurum, Mandeure-Mathay (Franche-Comté, Eastern France)." ArchéoSciences, no. 33 (suppl.) (October 30, 2009): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeosciences.1486.

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19

Grisot, C., A. Haeringer-Cholet, and V. Daucourt. "Les comités de retour d’expérience : amélioration de la qualité des soins en maisons de santé, Franche-Comté, France." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 61 (October 2013): S211—S212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.025.

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20

ROWLANDS, GUY. "Expansion and Crisis in Louis XIV's France: Franche-Comté and the Absolute Monarchy, 1674-1715 - By Darryl Dee." History 95, no. 320 (2010): 501–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.2010.00496_24.x.

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21

Gallais-Serezal, Irène, Eve Puzenat, Joséphine Moreau, et al. "A survey of psoriasis patients on biologics during COVID-19: a high-epidemic area experience – Franche Comté, France." European Journal of Dermatology 31, no. 1 (2021): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2020.3960.

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22

Swann, Julian. "Parlements and political crisis in France under Louis XV: the Besançon affair, 1757–1761." Historical Journal 37, no. 4 (1994): 803–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00015107.

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ABSTRACTThe causes and consequences of the quarrels between Louis XV and the parlements in the third quarter of the eighteenth century continue to provoke a lively debate amongst historians. In France, the traditional thesis of a reforming monarchy confronted by the selfish obstructionism of the judiciary has many adherents. However, few Anglo-American scholars favour such an interpretation and some have gone as far as to reject the existence of a crisis altogether. Research is also concentrated upon the consequences of these disputes, and their importance to the development not only of parlementaire constitutionalism, but even of a new political culture. In order to contest these conflicting interpretations, this article takes afresh look at the Besançon affair of 1757–1761. In one of the most heated political battles of the reign, thirty judges were exiled from the parlements of Besançon, provoking a lively response from the other parlements, headed by that of Paris. By examining the origins of the dispute in Franche-Comté, and the subsequent reaction of both the government and the Parisian magistrates, this article offers a new picture of the causes of crisis and of how judicial politics actually worked.

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23

Amiotte-Suchet, Laurent. "Le pasteur pentecôtiste." Thème 17, no. 1 (2010): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/039500ar.

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Résumé Cet article a pour objet deux assemblées pentecôtistes de l’Est de la France — l’Église Évangélique de Pentecôte de Besançon (Franche-Comté) et la Porte Ouverte Chrétienne de Mulhouse (Alsace) — qui ont fait l’objet d’investigations ethnographiques par l’auteur. Après avoir situé ces deux assemblées dans la mouvance du pentecôtisme français, l’étude se concentre sur la figure du pasteur pentecôtiste. L’exemplarité de l’histoire de vie des pasteurs, le rôle central que jouent ces derniers dans la « mise en présence » du Saint Esprit durant le culte, et l’inspiration divine dont sont supposés être imprégnés leurs enseignements bibliques légitiment ce personnage dans sa fonction d’intermédiaire incontournable dans la relation entre le fidèle et son Dieu, alors même que le pentecôtisme s’inscrit historiquement dans la mouvance évangélique qui valorise la relation personnelle du chrétien né de nouveau avec son Créateur.

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24

Brunet-Lecomte, Patrick. "The systematic position of Middle Pleistocene ground voles Microtus (Terricola) Fatio, 1867 (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) at Vergranne (Franche-Comté, France)." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 279, no. 2 (2016): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2016/0549.

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25

Tiv, M., F. Clinard, J. P. Guthmann, G. Gavazzi, I. Fournel, and J. Stoll. "Couvertures vaccinales antipneumococcique et antitétanique chez les résidents des établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées de Bourgogne et Franche-Comté, France, 2009." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 58 (September 2010): S81—S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2010.06.111.

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26

Mauny, F., M. Grandmottet, C. Lestradet, et al. "Increasing trend of childhood Type 1 diabetes in Franche-Comté (France): Analysis of age and period effects from 1980 to 1998." European Journal of Epidemiology 20, no. 4 (2005): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-005-0329-z.

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27

VIEL, J. F., A. LEFEBVRE, P. MARIANNEAU, et al. "Environmental risk factors for haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in a French new epidemic area." Epidemiology and Infection 139, no. 6 (2010): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810002062.

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SUMMARYIn France, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is endemic along the Belgian border. However, this rodent-borne zoonosis caused by the Puumala virus has recently spread south to the Franche-Comté region. We investigated the space–time distribution of HFRS and evaluated the influence of environmental factors that drive the hantavirus reservoir abundance and/or the disease transmission in this area. A scan test clearly indicated space–time clustering, highlighting a single-year (2005) epidemic in the southern part of the region, preceded by a heat-wave 2 years earlier. A Bayesian regression approach showed an association between a variable reflecting biomass (normalized difference vegetation index) and HFRS incidence. The reasons why HFRS cases recently emerged remain largely unknown, and climate parameters alone do not reliably predict outbreaks. Concerted efforts that combine reservoir monitoring, surveillance, and investigation of human cases are warranted to better understand the epidemiological patterns of HFRS in this area.

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28

Terribilini, Josefa. "Élodie Bouygues et France Marchal-Ninosque (dir.), Genèse des seuils, Besançon, Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, coll. « Annales Littéraires », 2019, 254 p." Genesis, no. 49 (December 15, 2019): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/genesis.4352.

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29

Mania, J., P. Chauve, F. Remy, and P. Verjus. "Evolution of iron and manganese concentrations in presence of carbonates and clays in the alluvial groundwaters of the Ognon (Franche-Comté, France)." Geoderma 44, no. 2-3 (1989): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(89)90031-1.

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30

Špakulová, Marta. "Update on selected topics in acanthocephalan parasites research." Helminthologia 55, no. 4 (2018): 350–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/helm-2018-0023.

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Abstract The respectable community of parasitologists aimed at the broad-spectral research of acanthocephalan parasites met at the 9th Acanthocephalan Workshop. The workshop took place in the beautiful surroundings of the High Tatras, Slovakia in the Congress Centre Academia, Stará Lesná near Tatranská Lomnica on September 9 - 13th. This special event was hosted by the Slovak Society for Parasitology, the Institute of Parasitology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia, and the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic. It consisted of nearly three dozen lectures presented by distinguished acanthocephalan specialists who came from 13 countries and five continents. Vibrant discussions and creating new plans for future collaborations were accompanied by local mountain touring that offered the venue richly endowed with nature, deep forests and beautiful mountains. The contributions were addressed to resolve current systematic, taxonomic, biological, behavioural, ecological, and related topics. Presented results showed the most recent progressive developments comparable with all the other parasitic worm groups. The 10th Acanthocephalan Workshop will be hosted by Dr. Marie-Jeanne Perrot-Minnot, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, Bourgogne, France, in 2022.

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31

Gill, Marilyn. "Terms anf Their Translation for Museum Labels." Meta 39, no. 4 (2002): 774–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002918ar.

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Abstract With the development in France of both general and specialized museums, and the growing cultural and touristic exchanges between countries, access to their information is becoming increasingly important. The aim of a long term research project of the English Linguistics Department of the University of Franche-Comté is to translate the French labels of a classified museum (the Museum of Fine Arts and Archeology of Besançon) into English and give practical training in terminology and translation to third year English for Special Purposes students. To do this, two different bilingual lexicons have to be created: one of the repetitive terms used by the Museum to describe the exhibits, i.e. museological terms, and the other of the subject of the label, i.e. in 1993 Egyptology. The theoretical problems and practical solutions concerning the compilation of highly specific bilingual lexicons, the translation of maximum information telegraphic style texts and the choice of specialized terms to be used for a general museum public of all ages as well as the teaching outcomes of such a project are discussed.

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32

Boudreau, Pierre. "Monnin, E. (2008). L’olympisme à l’école ? Belfort-Montbéliard, France : Pôle éditorial de l’Université de technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard / Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté." Revue des sciences de l'éducation 36, no. 2 (2010): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/044512ar.

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33

Pellicer-Garcia, Laetitia, Angélique Doc, Emilie Capelli, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Pauline Roux, and Jean Marc Rame. "Food allergy and mass catering: how to better accommodate allergic school children? Taking stock of an experience conducted in Franche-Comté region, France." World Allergy Organization Journal 13, no. 8 (2020): 100163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100163.

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34

Simeray, Joël, Jean-Pierre Chaumont, and Danielle Léger. "Seasonal variations in the airborne fungal spore population of the east of France (Franche - Comté). Comparison between urban and rural environment during two years." Aerobiologia 9, no. 2-3 (1993): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02066263.

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35

Balamou, C., and B. Feuvrier. "La santé des séniors au travail en Franche-Comté, France. Une exploitation du dispositif Évolutions et Relations en Santé au Travail (Evrest). Étude transversale." Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement 75, no. 6 (2014): 556–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2014.05.005.

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36

Dermineur, Elise M. "Expansion and Crisis in Louis XIVs France: Franche-Comté and Absolute Monarchy, 1674-1715, by Darryl Dee.Expansion and Crisis in Louis XIV’s France: Franche-Comté and Absolute Monarchy, 1674-1715, by Darryl Dee. Changing Perspectives on Early Modern Europe. Rochester, New York, University of Rochester Press, 2009. xxiii, 245 pp. $80.00 US (cloth)." Canadian Journal of History 46, no. 1 (2011): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.46.1.151.

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37

DETER, J., K. BERTHIER, Y. CHAVAL, J. F. COSSON, S. MORAND, and N. CHARBONNEL. "Influence of geographical scale on the detection of density dependence in the host-parasite system,Arvicola terrestrisandTaenia taeniaeformis." Parasitology 132, no. 4 (2005): 595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182005009327.

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Infection by the cestodeTaenia taeniaeformiswas investigated within numerous cyclic populations of the fossorial water voleArvicola terrestrissampled during 4 years in Franche-Comté (France). The relative influence of different rodent demographic parameters on the presence of this cestode was assessed by considering (1) the demographic phase of the cycle; (2) density at the local geographical scale (<0·1 km2); (3) mean density at a larger scale (>10 km2). The local scale corresponded to the rodent population (intermediate host), while the large scale corresponded to the definitive host population (wild and feral cats). General linear models based on analyses of 1804 voles revealed the importance of local density but also of year, rodent age, season and interactions between year and season and between age and season. Prevalence was significantly higher in low vole densities than during local outbreaks. By contrast, the large geographical scale density and the demographic phase had less influence on infection by the cestode. The potential impacts of the cestode on the fitness of the host were assessed and infection had no effect on the host body mass, litter size or sexual activity of voles.

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38

Bendjelid, Abed. "Le Sahara et ses marges : enjeux et perspectives de territoires en mutation. Colloque international, 18, 19, 20 juin 2009, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon (France)." Insaniyat / إنسانيات, no. 49 (September 30, 2010): 117118. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/insaniyat.4412.

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39

Richomme, Céline, Edouard Réveillaud, Jean-Louis Moyen, et al. "Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Red Foxes in Four Animal Tuberculosis Endemic Areas in France." Microorganisms 8, no. 7 (2020): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071070.

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In France, animal tuberculosis (TB) due to Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) affects a multi-host community that include cattle and wildlife species such as wild boars (Sus scrofa), badgers (Meles meles), or wild deer (Cervus elaphus, Capreolus capreolus). The involvement of foxes in the epidemiology of TB is fairly described in countries facing multispecies concerns. After the discovery of grouped cases of TB in foxes in a French TB endemic region, a study was implemented in the core of four TB endemic areas in Dordogne, Charente, Landes (departments of Nouvelle-Aquitaine region), and Côte-d’Or (Burgundy-Franche-Comté region). No infected fox was found in Côte-d’Or (n = 146), where in parallel TB in cattle and other wild species became sparse in the last years. In contrast, in Dordogne, Charente, and Landes, 13 (n = 184), 9 (n = 98) and 7 (n = 140) foxes were found infected by M. bovis, respectively, corresponding to 7.1% (CI95% 3.8–11.8%), 9.2% (4.3–16.7%) and 5.0% (CI95% 2.0–10.0%) prevalence rates, respectively. These infection rates are comparable with those observed in badgers and wild boar in these same three areas (ranging from 9 to 13.2% and 4.3 to 17.9%, respectively), where the number of cattle outbreaks has increased in the last 10-15 years. In each area, the genotypes of foxes’ M. bovis isolates were the same as those in local cattle and other wildlife species. None of the infected foxes presented TB-like gross lesions. M. bovis was found in the mesenteric lymph nodes of 28 foxes (68%). For the 12 foxes where retropharyngeal and respiratory lymph nodes were analyzed separately, M. bovis was present in the respiratory lymph nodes of eight individuals. With regard to excretion, appropriate samples were available for 12 infected foxes from Dordogne. M. bovis DNA was detected in the feces of five of these animals, four of which were infected in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Combined with the knowledge on the biology and ecology of foxes, the results of this study suggest that in areas where infection in cattle is still active in France, foxes might play a role of spillover host in the epidemiology of M. bovis.

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40

VILLETTE, P., E. AFONSO, G. COUVAL, et al. "Consequences of organ choice in describing bacterial pathogen assemblages in a rodent population." Epidemiology and Infection 145, no. 14 (2017): 3070–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817001893.

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SUMMARYHigh-throughput sequencing technologies now allow for rapid cost-effective surveys of multiple pathogens in many host species including rodents, but it is currently unclear if the organ chosen for screening influences the number and identity of bacteria detected. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to identify bacterial pathogens in the heart, liver, lungs, kidneys and spleen of 13 water voles (Arvicola terrestris) collected in Franche-Comté, France. We asked if bacterial pathogen assemblages within organs are similar and if all five organs are necessary to detect all of the bacteria present in an individual animal. We identified 24 bacteria representing 17 genera; average bacterial richness for each organ ranged from 1·5 ± 0·4 (mean ± standard error) to 2·5 ± 0·4 bacteria/organ and did not differ significantly between organs. The average bacterial richness when organ assemblages were pooled within animals was 4·7 ± 0·6 bacteria/animal; Operational Taxonomic Unit accumulation analysis indicates that all five organs are required to obtain this. Organ type influences bacterial assemblage composition in a systematic way (PERMANOVA, 999 permutations, pseudo-F4,51 = 1·37, P = 0·001). Our results demonstrate that the number of organs sampled influences the ability to detect bacterial pathogens, which can inform sampling decisions in public health and wildlife ecology.

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Baray, Luc. "Archéologie funéraire du Bronze ancien au Bronze final en Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Alsace, Lorraine, Champagne-Ardenne, Île-de-France, Picardie, Pas-de-Calais et Haute-Normandie." Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale, no. 24 (August 20, 2001): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/dam.999.

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Uvarov, Pavel. "Historical Research and Directions of French Royal Expansion in 16th — 17th Centuries." ISTORIYA 12, no. 7 (105) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015333-5.

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In the seventeenth century, the search for the “forgotten” rights of the king were an important aid in organizing French expansion, mainly in the eastern and northeastern directions. At the sovereign courts of Lorraine, Alsace and Franche-Comté “chambers of annexations” (chambres d’annexion) were created in 1680 to organize search for archival documents supporting royal claims to neighboring lands. The idea of creating special institutions engaged in the search for documents revealing the precedents of relations with other countries and forgotten rights, that French king had supposedly enjoyed in those parts, was expressed back during the reign of Henry II. In 1556, Raoul Spifame, a lawyer at the Paris Parliament, published a book consisting of fictitious royal decrees, of which many would be implemented in the future. Among other things he ordered, on behalf of the king, the creation of thirty chambers, each specializing in the search for documents in the “treasury of charters” relating to a particular province. He had determined the composition of these chambers, the procedure for work and the form of reporting, — all this in order to arm the king with knowledge of his forgotten rights and the content of antique treaties and agreements. The nomenclature of “provincial chambers” is especially interesting, from the Chambers of Scotland and England to the Chamber of Tunisia and Africa, as well as the Chamber of Portugal and the New Lands. Much more attention was attracted by those lands to which a century later the French expansion would be directed: Franche-Comté, Artois and Flanders, Lorraine, the Duchy of Cleves. But more than half of chambers specialized in the Italian lands. This is not surprising, since in the 1550s France was entering the climax of the Italian Wars. Under Henry II (1547—1559) one of the four secretaries of state, Jean du Thier, was the person responsible for the southwestern direction of French policy. There is reason to believe that Spifame was associated with du Thier or with other members of the king’s “reform headquarters”. The large-scale transformations already at work were interrupted by the unexpected death of Henry II and the subsequent Wars of Religion. But continuity was inherent in the “spirit of the laws” of the Ancien Régime, so Spifame was able to predict future developments, including the creation of “chambers of annexation”.

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Miller, Stephen. "Expansion and Crisis in Louis XIV's France: Franche-Comté and Absolute Monarchy, 1674–1715. By Darryl Dee. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2009. Pp. xi, 245. $80.00." Journal of Economic History 70, no. 2 (2010): 509–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050710000392.

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Bretagne, S., J. P. Guillou, M. Morand, and R. Houin. "Detection ofEchinococcus multilocularisDNA in fox faeces using DNA amplification." Parasitology 106, no. 2 (1993): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000074990.

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SUMMARYIn order to identifyEchinococcus multilocularisDNA in fox faeces for epidemiological purposes, we have developed a new method to prepare DNA suitable for PCR amplification. DNA isolation from fox excrement was performed according to a novel procedure involving lysis in KOH, phenol–chloroform extraction and a purification step on a matrix (Prep-A-Gene®). The target sequence for amplification was theE. multilocularisU1 snRNA gene. PCR products were indistinguishable for 32 differentE. multilocularisisolates and no signal was observed after ethidium bromide staining with DNAs from other tapeworm species, includingE. granulosus.The sensitivity of amplification was monitored by the addition ofE. multilocularisDNA or eggs to faeces free ofE. multilocularisand was estimated to be 1 egg per 4 g of faeces. PCR products were blotted onto nylon membranes and hybridized with an internal oligonucleotide probe in order to confirm the results. Twenty nine faecal samples from foxes shot in Franche-Comté (East France) were tested. Out of 10 samples from foxes in which noE. multilocularisadult worms could be observed after necropsy, 7 were PCR positive, showing that the PCR test is more sensitive than microscopical examination. Out of 19 samples from foxes harbouringE. multilocularisadult worms, 18 were PCR positive. The remaining PCR-negative sample could be due either to the misidentification of the species of adult worm (E. granulosusandE. multilocularis), or to DNA variation between different isolates ofE. multilocularis. Further work in the field should be initiated in order to confirm these results.

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Gauthier-Manuel, Honorine, Diane Radola, Flavien Choulet, et al. "A Multidisciplinary Approach for the Assessment of Origin, Fate and Ecotoxicity of Metal(loid)s from Legacy Coal Mine Tailings." Toxics 9, no. 7 (2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9070164.

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Over the course of history, the development of human societies implied the exploitation of mineral resources which generated huge amounts of mining wastes leading to substantial environmental contamination by various metal(loid)s. This is especially the case of coal mine tailings which, subjected to weathering reactions, produce acid mine drainage (AMD), a recurring ecological issue related to current and past mining activities. In this study, we aimed to determine the origin, the fate and the ecotoxicity of metal(loid)s leached from a historical coal tailing heap to the Beuveroux river (Franche-Comté, France) using a combination of mineralogical, chemical and biological approaches. In the constitutive materials of the tailings, we identified galena, tetrahedrite and bournonite as metal-rich minerals and their weathering has led to massive contamination of the water and suspended particles of the river bordering the heap. The ecotoxicity of the AMD has been assessed using Chironomus riparius larvae encaged in the field during a one-month biomonitoring campaign. The larvae showed lethal and sub-lethal (growth and emergence inhibition and delay) impairments at the AMD tributary and near downstream stations. Metal bioaccumulation and subcellular fractionation in the larvae tissues revealed a strong bioavailability of, notably, As, Pb and Tl explaining the observed biological responses. Thus, more than 70 years after the end of mining operations, the coal tailings remain a chronic source of contamination and environmental risks in AMD effluent receiving waters.

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Delsalle, Paul. "Darryl Dee, Expansion and Crisis in Louis XIV's France. Franche-Comté and Absolute Monarchy, 1674-1715, Rochester, University of Rochester Press, 2009, 245 p., ISBN 978-1-58046-303-4." Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine 61-1, no. 1 (2014): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhmc.611.0180.

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Murat, Jean-Benjamin, Frédéric Grenouillet, Gabriel Reboux, et al. "Factors Influencing the Microbial Composition of Metalworking Fluids and Potential Implications for Machine Operator's Lung." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 1 (2011): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.06230-11.

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ABSTRACTHypersensitivity pneumonitis, also known as “machine operator's lung” (MOL), has been related to microorganisms growing in metalworking fluids (MWFs), especiallyMycobacterium immunogenum. We aimed to (i) describe the microbiological contamination of MWFs and (ii) look for chemical, physical, and environmental parameters associated with variations in microbiological profiles. We microbiologically analyzed 180 MWF samples from nonautomotive plants (e.g., screw-machining or metal-cutting plants) in the Franche-Comté region in eastern France and 165 samples from three French automotive plants in which cases of MOL had been proven. Our results revealed two types of microbial biomes: the first was from the nonautomotive industry, showed predominantly Gram-negative rods (GNR), and was associated with a low risk of MOL, and the second came from the automotive industry that was affected by cases of MOL and showed predominantly Gram-positive rods (GPR). Traces ofM. immunogenumwere sporadically detected in the first type, while it was highly prevalent in the automotive sector, with up to 38% of samples testing positive. The use of chromium, nickel, or iron was associated with growth of Gram-negative rods; conversely, growth of Gram-positive rods was associated with the absence of these metals. Synthetic MWFs were more frequently sterile than emulsions. Vegetable oil-based emulsions were associated with GNR, while mineral ones were associated with GPR. Our results suggest that metal types and the nature of MWF play a part in MWF contamination, and this work shall be followed by furtherin vitrosimulation experiments on the kinetics of microbial populations, focusing on the phenomena of inhibition and synergy.

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Pearce, Trevor. "Naomi Beck. La gauche évolutionniste: Spencer et ses lecteurs en France et en Italie. (Collection Annales Littéraires, 927.) 221 pp., bibl., index. Besançon: Presses Universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2014. €12 (paper)." Isis 107, no. 2 (2016): 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/687141.

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Zayet, Souheil, Hajer Zahra, Pierre-Yves Royer, et al. "Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Nine Months after SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of 354 Patients: Data from the First Wave of COVID-19 in Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, France." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (2021): 1719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081719.

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(1) Background. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is defined as the persistence of symptoms after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. (2) Methods. ANOSVID is an observational retrospective study in Nord Franche-Comté Hospital in France that included adult COVID-19 patients confirmed by RT-PCR from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2020. The aim was to describe patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome with persistent symptoms (PS group) and to compare them with the patients without persistent symptoms (no-PS group). (3) Results. Of the 354 COVID-19 patients, 35.9% (n = 127) reported persistence of at least one symptom after a mean of 289.1 ± 24.5 days after symptom onset. Moreover, 115 patients reported a recurrence of symptoms after recovery, and only 12 patients reported continuous symptoms. The mean age of patients was 48.6 years (19–93) ± 19.4, and 81 patients (63.8%) were female. Patients in the PS group had a longer duration of symptoms of initial acute SARS-CoV-2 infection than patients in the no-PS group (respectively, 57.1 ± 82.1 days versus 29.7 ± 42.1 days, p < 0.001). A majority of patients (n = 104, 81.9%) reported three or more symptoms. The most prevalent persistent symptoms were loss of smell (74.0%, n = 94), fatigue (53.5%, n = 68), loss of taste (31.5%, n = 40), and dyspnea (30.7%, n = 39). These were followed by pain symptoms (26.8% (n = 34), 26.0% (n = 33), 24.4% (n = 31); headache, arthralgia, and myalgia, respectively). More than half of patients reporting persistent symptoms (58%, n = 73) were healthcare workers (HCWs). Among outpatients, this population was more present in the PS group than the no-PS group ((86.6%) n = 71/82 versus (72.2%) n = 109/151, p = 0.012). Post-COVID-19 syndrome was more frequent in patients with a past history of chronic rhinosinusitis (8.7% (n = 11%) versus 1.3% (n = 3), p < 0.001). No significant difference was found regarding clinical characteristics and outcome, laboratory, imaging findings, and treatment received in the two groups. (4) Conclusions. More than a third of our COVID-19 patients presented persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly through loss of smell, loss of taste, fatigue, and dyspnea, with a high prevalence in HCWs among COVID-19 outpatients.

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Loiseau, Jérôme. "Book Review: Darryl Dee, Expansion and Crisis in Louis XIV’s France: Franche-Comté and Absolute Monarchy, 1674—1715, Rochester University Press: Rochester, NY, 2009, xi + 245 pp., 2 maps; 9781580463034, £45.00 (hbk)." European History Quarterly 41, no. 3 (2011): 518–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02656914110410030411.

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