Dissertations / Theses: 'AUTOSAR'

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Dakermandji, Jan. "An Autosar diagnostic platform." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100203.

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The goal with the master thesis was to find a modular diagnostic platform to reuse in future Stoneridge Electronics projects. The master thesis started with Autosar as a consideration and the more we investigated about Autosar, the more drawn we were to it. This has led to the master thesis being devoted to Autosar. Autosar (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) is a standardized automotive software architecture, developed by vehicle manufacturers, third-party suppliers and tool developers. Autosar seems to be a very strong approach for many vehicle manufacturers. All major vehicle manufacturers are today members of Autosar. This thesis presents several ideas on how to migrate an existing architecture to Autosar. It is important to migrate to Autosar in a step by step matter because of numerous reasons. Two reasons are cost to migrate to Autosar and reliability issues. One of the goals of this master thesis was to develop one of many Autosar software components also called basic software modules in C. The basic software module written is the Can Transport Protocol, which is a part of the diagnostic platform. Programming the whole Can Transport Protocol is a large assignment and beyond the scope of a master thesis for one person. The programming part was split into two parts. According to Autosar, the Can TP used in the Autosar architecture is ISO 15765-2 USDT. This standard is used in many projects at Stoneridge Electronics. This master thesis also presents advantages and disadvantages of Autosar for Stoneridge Electronics. The conclusion is to be prepared for Autosar for numerous reasons. The major reason is the car manufacturer’s strong Autosar approach. Autosar is today well accepted by the major car manufacturers. There are however a few disadvantages with Autosar for Stoneridge Electronics and they are: • Cost to migrate to Autosar • Autosar requires more resources • Autosar has not yet considered the truck and bus industry. Målet med detta examensarbete var att finna en modulär diagnostikplattform för smidig återanvändning i framtida Stoneridge Electronics projekt. Examensarbetet startade med Autosar som en alternativ lösning men blev snabbt lösningen på examensarbetet. Ju mer vi undersökte Autosar desto mer dragna till det blev vi. Detta har lett till att examensarbetet har blivit helt tillägnat åt Autosar. Autosar (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) är en standardiserad automobil mjukvaruarkitektur, utvecklad av biltillverkare, underleverantörer och verktygsutvecklare. Autosar verkar ha en väldigt stark frammarsch bland biltillverkare samt underleverantörer. Alla större biltillverkare är idag, i någon form, medlemmar i Autosar. Flera idéer presenteras hur man bör, på ett smidigt sätt, övergå till Autosar. Det är viktigt att man övergår till Autosar i en steg för steg process. Två anledningar är kostnaden att övergå till Autosar samt säkerhets frågor. Ett av många mål med examensarbetet var dessutom att utveckla en av många Autosar mjukvarukomponenter, så kallade ”basic software modules” i programmeringsspråk C. Mjukvarukomponenten som utvecklades var ”Can Transport Protocol” som är en del av diagnostikplattformen. Att programmera hela komponenten krävde att examensarbetet delades upp i två delar. Enligt Autosar är Autosars ”Can TP” baserad på ISO 15765-2 (USDT). Denna standard (USDT) är idag mycket väl accepterad hos Stoneridge Electronics och återanvänds flitigt i många Stoneridge Electronics projekt. Detta examensarbete presenterar fördelar och nackdelar med Autosar för Stoneridge Electronics. Slutsatsen är att vara förberedd med Autosar p.g.a. ett flertal anledningar. Den största anledningen är Autosars starka frammarsch bland biltillverkare och leverantörer. Autosar är idag väldigt accepterad bland de större biltillverkarna. Det finns dessvärre ett flertal negativa aspekter med Autosar för Stoneridge Electronics och dessa är: • Kostnaden att övergå till Autosar. • Autosar kräver mer resurser. • Autosar har ännu inte funderat på buss- och lastbilsindustrin.

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Markert, Daniel. "Entwicklung einer generischen Testumgebung für Automotive Software Systems." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-218589.

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Kurz nach der Jahrtausendwende führte die steigende Innovation und Komplexität von entwickelten Automotive-Systemen zum Anstieg der Anzahl von installierten elektronischen Systemen in Fahrzeugen. Dies wurde und wird noch immer durch die stetig wachsende Anzahl von rechtlichen und sicherheitstechnischen Vorgaben verstärkt. Da ein signifikanter Teil der Entwicklungskosten neuer Systeme in der Softwareentwicklung auf den im Automotive-Bereich verwendeten Steuergeräten (Electronic Control Unit, oder ECU) entsteht, wurde 2003 der AUTOSAR Developement Partnership ins Leben gerufen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, ein einheitliches System zu realisieren, in welchem eine vom Anbieter unabhängige Testbasis für AUTOSAR-konforme Tests ermöglicht werden soll, so dass ein Begleiten des Entwicklungsprozesses möglich ist. Es sollen sich Testmodule verschiedener Art am System anmelden und schließlich einem Arbeitsfluss zur Absicherung von AUTOSAR-Steuergeräten zur Entwicklungszeit hinzugefügt werden.

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Mittag, Roland. "Entwicklung Statischer Analysen für AUTOSAR Steuergerätesoftware." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-232241.

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Durch die Einführung der Systemarchitektur AUTOSAR im automobilen Umfeld, können Applikationen unabhängig von der verwendeten Hardware oder der genutzten Kommunikationssysteme entwickelt werden. Dadurch können Funktionen wieder verwendet werden, was Zeit und Ressourcen einsparen kann. So können Funktionen, die sich etabliert haben, in späteren Entwicklungen durch Anpassung in der Konfiguration genutzt werden ohne dabei den Quellcode zu ändern. Jedoch stellt die große Zahl an Parametern in der AUTOSAR Architektur große Herausforderungen an die Absicherung eines Steuergerätes. Dieser Aspekt wird durch eine meist heterogene Toollandschaft verstärkt. Umso wichtiger ist es, dass während der Entwicklung von AUTOSAR Steuergeräten statische Analysen die Software und die Konfiguration überprüfen, um so die Softwarequalität sicherstellen zu können. In der Masterarbeit werden eine Menge von AUTOSAR spezifischen statischen Analysen für die einzelnen Schichten eines AUTOSAR Steuergerätes entwickelt. Für die Analyse werden Einstellungsdateien (nach Standard und Firmenspezifische) und der Quellcode an sich genutzt. Die Analysen geben optional Korrekturvorschläge an den Entwickler. Die Umsetzung erfolgt in einem C# Prototyp und wird an der Lichtsteuerung des Automotive Demonstrator YellowCar angewendet werden.

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Ravi, Divya. "Generation of AUTOSAR Diagnostic Communication Manager." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-203846.

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AUTOSAR was created as a standard software infrastructure to be able to fulfill a very large amount of requirements. These days, more and more OEMs are trying to introduce AUTOSAR in their products. Since there are a large amount of diagnostic IDs needed in the Engine control unit and also a huge effort is necessary to configure the ECU, it is very much important to have a tool to generate some parts of the Engine Control Unit software, most importantly the diagnostics software. Diagnostic Communication manager is one such AUTOSAR module which deals with a huge amount of diagnostic data identifiers. Also at BEG, In the actual Non-AUTOSAR Bosch Automotive software, there are a number of different features that are needed and expected in the future AUTOSAR software. The aim of this thesis is to develop a tool that successfully introduces AUTOSAR in the BEG projects with all the necessary features and that is best in terms of Usability, Maintainability, and Improvability. This tool has to generate the complete AUTOSAR Diagnostic communication manager software with all the necessary features. The work can be divided into two parts. The first part includes a complete analysis of the existing tools that are used to generate configuration files and code. Then, List out all the possibilities of each tool, find their advantages and disadvantages and compare each of the tools, either individually or as a combination of tools. This is followed by documenting the choice of best way to generate AUTOSAR DCM with all the necessary features. In the second part, the implementation is carried out. After the best tool is chosen, the implementation of the features for that particular tool is planned accordingly so that it generates the DCM software. Implementation is made and then it is tested with the existing test bench.

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Jelecevic, Edin, and Thong Nguyen Minh. "VISUALIZE REAL-TIME DATA USING AUTOSAR." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76618.

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Today there are more cars on the road than ever before, the automotive industry is continually expanding and adapting to meet the need of new technologies. To improve complexity management and reduce engineering time and cost Automotive Open System Architecture, better known as AUTOSAR, has been introduced which aims to standardize Electronic Control Units (ECUs) . Today the AUTOSAR standardization is used for the automotive industry, the purpose of the thesis is to investigate whether the standard can be used for something which has no direct connection to the automotive industry. The work done in the report is giving background information about AUTOSAR and the project is using AUTOSAR to visualize real-time data from the web on a LED-sheet. In this project a physical visualization board has been created and the code was written within the integrated software development environment Arctic Studio and its tools, the visualization board will be used at the ARCCORE office in Linköping. Idag finns det fler bilar på vägarna än någonsin tidigare, fordonsindustrin expanderar ständigt och anpassar sig efter behovet av ny teknik. För att förbättra komplexitets hanteringen och minska tillverkningstider och kostnader så har Automotive Open System Architecture, närmare känt som AUTOSAR, införts som har målet att standardisera elektroniska styrenheter (ECUn). Idag används AUTOSAR-standardiseringen för fordonsindustrin, vad projektet kommer att utforska är att se om man kan använda standarden för något som inte har någon direkt koppling till fordonsindustrin. Rapporten ger en förklaring om AUTOSAR, i projektet så används AUTOSAR för att visualisera realtidsdata från webben på en LED-karta. I detta projekt har en fysisk visualiseringstavla skapats där kod skrevs inom den integrerade mjukvaruutvecklingsmiljön Arctic Studio, visualiseringstavlan kommer att användas på ARCCOREs egna kontor i Linköping.

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Leib, Markus. "Konzeption und Implementierung eines Werkzeugs für den Test von AUTOSAR Applikationen mit Intra-ECU Kommunikation." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-206251.

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Die Möglichkeit, komplexe Applikationen für Steuergeräte zu entwerfen und zu implementieren wird durch die Systemarchitektur AUTOSAR stark vereinfacht. Ein Applikations-Entwickler implementiert nur noch die reine Funktionalität, während der Teil, der die Interaktion mit der Hardware ermöglicht, von entsprechenden Werkzeugen automatisch generiert wird. Viele Hersteller bieten hierfür Produkte, die vom grafischen Entwurf der Software bis zu finalen Tests des fertigen Steuergeräte-Codes alles abdecken. Zentrales Element ist hierbei immer die AUTOSAR-XML, welche alle Informationen zur Anwendung aufnimmt. Dadurch können verschiedene Zulieferer einzelne Module zu einer Anwendung beisteuern. Durch den technologischen Fortschritt und die Integrierbarkeit von verfügbaren Teilsystemen oder einzelnen Komponenten werden eingebettete Systeme immer komplexer ([Har02]). Daher müssen neue Spezifikationen erstellt und demzufolge neue AUTOSAR-Versionen publiziert werden. Die Hersteller müssen sich an diese neuen Vorgaben halten, um so konkurrenzfähig auf dem Markt zu bleiben ([ZS14]).

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Krishnadas, Sreenath. "Concept and Implementation of AUTOSAR compliant Automotive Ethernet stack on Infineon Aurix Tricore board." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-212626.

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Automotive Ethernet is a newly introduced in-vehicle bus that allows unicast communication between ECUs. It is based on the OSI model of Ethernet, with a few modifications on the physical layer and newly introduced application protocols. AUTOSAR, a consortium of automotive OEMs, Tier-1 suppliers and tool vendors has defined a standard software architecture that simplifies the ECU software development with its well defined software specifications and APIs. The Automotive Ethernet stack is now an integral part of the latest AUTOSAR specification release 4.2. Infineon Aurix TriCore TC27x microcontroller is a popular board used in ADAS applications. The board has support for Fast Ethernet. This thesis investigates the setting up of an Ethernet communication on the TriCore board running under AUTOSAR software architecture. The various modules of the AUTOSAR Ethernet stack are familiarized and configured. This is followed up by validating the implementation on the Ethernet physical layer. The validation is based on a real Ethernet communication between the TriCore board and the Vector VN5610 network interface card. TCP and UDP based connections between the AUTOSAR compliant board and the VN5610 are tested and validated. A test suite for evaluating the protocol conformance of the AUTOSAR Ethernet stack exists at Bertrandt. The final step of this thesis involved the execution strategies for this test suite.

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Alexandersson, Johan, and Olle Nordin. "Implementation of CAN Communication Stack in AUTOSAR." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119405.

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In the automotive industry today, embedded systems have reached a level of complexity which is not maintainable with the traditional approach of design- ing automotive embedded systems. For this purpose, many of the worlds leading automotive manufacturers have formed an alliance to apprehend this problem. This has resulted in AUTOSAR, an open standardized architecture for automotive embedded systems, which strives for increased flexibility and safety regulations. This thesis will explore the possibilities of implementing a CAN Communication stack using the AUTOSAR architecture and its corresponding methodology. As a result of this thesis, a complete AUTOSAR CAN communication stack has been implemented, as well has a simulator application with the purpose of testing its functionality.

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Layal, Vibhu. "Analysis and Specification of an AUTOSAR based ECU in compliance with ISO 26262 Functional Safety Standard." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-212572.

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Safety has been always been an important part, irrespective of the field of work that it accounts for. The functional safety standard that is currently being used in the automotive domain is the ISO 26262. This is an adaptation of the IEC 61508 safety standard. It is directed as a basic functional safety standard for a variety of industries. The version of ISO 26262 that is used in this thesis is the final draft released in January, 2011. In this thesis, various parts of the ISO 26262 functional safety standard are considered in order to understand the differences and interdependencies between them. The parts of ISO 26262 that are treated are as follows; Part 1: Vocabulary, Part 3: Concept phase, Part 4: Product development at the system level, Part 6: Product development at the software level and Part 9: Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL)-oriented and safety-oriented analysis. During the entire course of this thesis the ISO 26262 standard is evaluated and the experience gained from it is jotted down. The understanding gained during this thesis about the ISO 26262 can be applied to ongoing or new development processes. As safety can never be overlooked, the wisdom that belongs to the ISO 26262 can be generously used into embedded systems that demand certain levels of safety.

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Zhang, Shuzhou. "Porting AUTOSAR to a high performance embedded system." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-21454.

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Automotive embedded systems are going through a major change, both in terms of how they are used and in terms of software and hardware architecture. Much more powerful and rapidly evolvable hardware is expected, paralleled by an accelerating development rate of the control software. To meet these challenges, a software standard, AUTOSAR, is gaining ground in the automotive field. In this work, experiences from porting AUTOSAR to a high performance embedded system, Raspberry Pi, are collected. The goal is both to present experience on the process of AUTOSAR porting and to create an AUTOSAR implementation on a cheap and widely accessible hardware platform, making AUTOSAR available for researchers and students.

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Sun, Bo, and Shih-Ting Huang. "AUTOSAR Acceptance Test of Communication on CAN bus." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-143297.

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The aim of this thesis is to build a framework based on the CAN bus and to create the auto-run scripts followed by the AUTOSAR Acceptance Test for Arctic Core and Arctic Studio, the products from ARCCORE AB. Subsequent to this, the UART driver between the test bench and the application layer has been implemented. In total, 11 test cases are conﬁgured with the application layer, the run time environment (RTE) layer and the basic software (BSW) layer. Thus, the test bench of each test case is also implemented. The result shows that 82.7% test cases are passed and the CANTP module and the LDCOM module are found not supported in the Arctic studio.

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Chandmare, Kunal. "Automated Configuration of Time-Critical Multi-Configuration AUTOSAR Systems." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-229308.

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The vision of automated driving demands a highly available system, especially in safety-critical functionalities. In automated driving when a driver is not binding to be a part of the control loop, the system needs to be operational even after failure of a critical component until driver regain the control of vehicle. In pursuit of such a fail-operational behavior, the developed design process with software redundancy in contrast to conventional dedicated backup requires the support of automatic configurator for scheduling relevant parameters to ensure real-time behavior of the system. Multiple implementation methods are introduced to provide an automatic service which also considers task criticality before assigning task to the processor. Also, a generic method is developed to generate adaptation plans automatically for an already monitoring and reconfiguration service to handle fault occurring environment.

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Soltani, Saeed. "Dynamic Architectural Simulation Model of YellowCar in MATLAB/Simulink Using AUTOSAR System." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-212596.

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The YellowCar at the professorship of computer engineering of TU Chemnitz is a demonstration vehicle. The car is equipped with multiple networked Electronic Control Unit (ECU)s. There are regular software and hardware updates. Before introduction of any new update, it is essential to test the behavior of the car. This can be done through simulation. Since the majority of the ECU in YellowCar are AUTOSAR based, several AUTOSAR simulation tools can be used to do so. However non-AUTOSAR ECU applications can still not be simulated in these tools. Moreover simulating with such tools need the whole application to be implemented and also very expensive. Simulink is one of the most powerful tools for the purpose of Model-in-the-Loop (MIL) testing which is a popular strategy in the embedded world. The scope of this Master thesis is analyzing the YellowCar and its architecture to develop a dynamic Simulink architectural model that can be modified and extended to facilitate future updates. The outcome of this thesis is an implementation of a model for the YellowCar which allows both AUTOSAR and non-AUTOSAR ECUs to be simulated as one system. Also the model supports extension by easy addition of new modules like ECU or sensor through a graphical user interface.

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Haur, Imane. "AUTOSAR compliant multi-core RTOS formal modeling and verification." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0057.

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La vérification formelle est une solution pour augmenter la fiabilité de l’implémentation du système. Dans notre travail de thèse, nous nous intéressons à l’utilisation de ces méthodes pour la vérification des systèmes d’exploitation multi-coeurs temps réel. Nous proposons une approche de model-checking utilisant les réseaux de Petri temporels, étendus avec des transitions colorées et des fonctionnalités de haut niveau. Nous utilisons ce formalisme pour modéliser le système d’exploitation multi-coeur Trampoline, conforme aux standards OSEK/VDX etAUTOSAR. Nous définissons dans un premier temps ce formalisme et montrons son adéquation avec la modélisation de systèmes concurrents temps reel. Nous utilisons ensuite ce formalisme pour modéliser le système d’exploitation multi-coeur Trampoline et vérifions par model-checking sa conformité avec le standard AUTOSAR. À partir de ce modèle, nous pouvons vérifier des propriétés aussi bien sur l’OS que sur l’application telles que l’ordonnançabilité d’un système tempsréel ainsi que les mécanismes de synchronisation : accès concurrents aux structures de données du système d’exploitation, ordonnancement multi-coeur et traitement des interruptions inter-coeur. À titre d’illustration, cette méthode a permis l’identification automatique de deux erreurs possibles de l’OS Trampoline dans l’exécution concurrente, montrant une protection insuffisante des données et une synchronisation défectueuse Formal verification is a solution to increase the system’s implementation reliability. In our thesis work, we are interestedin using these methods to verify multi-core RTOS. We propose a model-checking approach using time Petri nets extended with colored transitions and high-level features. We use this formalism to model the Trampoline multi-core OS, compliant with the OSEK/VDX and AUTOSAR standards. We first define this formalism and show its suitability for modeling real-time concurrent systems. We then use this formalism to model the Trampoline multi-core RTOS and verify by model-checkingits conformity with the AUTOSAR standard. From this model, we can verify properties of both the OS and the application, such as the schedulability of a real-time system and the synchronization mechanisms: concurrent access to the data structures of the OS, multicore scheduling, and inter-core interrupt handling. As an illustration, this method allowed the automatic identification of two possible errors of the Trampoline OS in concurrent execution, showing insufficient data protection andfaulty synchronization

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Melin, Jesper, and Daniel Boström. "Applying AUTOSAR in Practice : Available Development Tools and Migration Paths." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12155.

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With the increased use of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) in the automotive industry, the system creation and integration becomes progressively more complex. In order to manage this issue, the AUTomotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) was initiated by several of the larger automotive companies and suppliers. Their goal was to create an architecture which will increase the reusability of software, integration of solutions from multiple suppliers and improve scalability. This thesis is made in collaboration with the company CrossControl and covers questions which are specific to their interests, features the AUTOSAR standard has to offer, evaluation of the use of development tools from different vendors, how migration is supported and how the standard affects the required hardware. Among our conclusions is that the AUTOSAR goals of decoupling software application components from the hardware is met to a high degree. Secondly even though file formats are standardized it is not a seamless integration between development tools. Finally, the choice of hardware is not only affected by properties of the standard, but the current versions of tools also limit the choices.

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Powale, Kalkin. "Automotive Powertrain Software Evaluation Tool." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-233186.

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The software is a key differentiator and driver of innovation in the automotive industry. The major challenges for software development are increasing in complexity, shorter time-to-market, increase in development cost and demand of quality assurance. The complexity is increasing due to emission legislations, variants of product and new communication technologies being interfaced with the vehicle. The shorter development time is due to competition in the market, which requires faster feedback loops of verification and validation of developed functionalities. The increase in development cost is contributed by two factors; the first is pre-launch cost, this involves the cost of error correction in development stages. Another is post-launch cost; this involves warranty and guarantees cost. As the development time passes the cost of error correction also increases. Hence it is important to detect the error as early as possible. All these factors affect the software quality; there are several cases where Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) have callbacks their product because of the quality defect. Hence, there is increased in the requirement of software quality assurance. The solution for these software challenges can be the early quality evaluation in continuous integration framework environment. The most prominent in today\'s automotive industry AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture (AUTOSAR) reference architecture is used to describe software component and interfaces. AUTOSAR provides the standardised software component architecture elements. It was created to address the issues of growing complexity; the existing AUTOSAR environment does have software quality measures, such as schema validations and protocols for acceptance tests. However, it lacks the quality specification for non-functional qualities such as maintainability, modularity, etc. The tool is required which will evaluate the AUTOSAR based software architecture and give the objective feedback regarding quality. This thesis aims to provide the quality measurement tool, which will be used for evaluation of AUTOSAR based software architecture. The tool reads the AUTOSAR architecture information from AUTOSAR Extensible Markup Language (ARXML) file. The tool provides configuration ability, continuous evaluation and objective feedback regarding software quality characteristics. The tool was utilised on transmission control project, and results are validated by industry experts.

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Bathe, Shivraj Gajanan. "Secure Communication in a Multi-OS-Environment." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-196760.

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Current trend in automotive industry is moving towards adopting the multicore microcontrollers in Electronic Control Units (ECUs). Multicore microcontrollers give an opportunity to run a number of separated and dedicated operating systems on a single ECU. When two heterogeneous operating systems run in parallel on a multicore environment, the inter OS communication between these operating systems become the key factor in the overall performance. The inter OS communication based on shared memory is studied in this thesis work. In a setup where two operating systems namely EB Autocore OS which is based on AUTomotive Open System Architecture standard and Android are considered. Android being the gateway to the internet and due to its open nature and the increased connectivity features of a connected car, many attack surfaces are introduced to the system. As safety and security go hand in hand, the security aspects of the communication channel are taken into account. A portable prototype for multi OS communication based on shared memory communication with security considerations is developed as a plugin for EB tresos Studio.

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Tanoh, Henry-Gertrude. "Implementation of Post-Build Configuration for Gateway Electronic Control Unit : Gateway ECU to enable third-party update." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231545.

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The development of embedded software in the automotive industry has reached a level of complexity, which is unmaintainable by traditional approaches. The AUTomotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) was created to standardize the automotive software. In this architecture, the development of software is spread, in general, between three different entities: Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), e.g. Volvo; Tier-1 Suppliers, such as Vector; and Tier-2 Suppliers, for example, Renesas Microelectronics. Another methodology that has emerged is to develop Electronic Control Units (ECUs) domain wise: infotainment, chassis & safety, powertrain, and body and security. To allow inter-domain communication, the state of art for fast and reliable communication is to use a gateway ECU. The gateway ECU is a crucial component in the electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture of a vehicle. In AUTOSAR, a third party, different from the car manufacturer, typically implements the gateway ECU. A major feature for a gateway ECU is to provide highly flexible configuration. This flexibility allows the car manufacturer (OEM) to fit the gateway ECU to different requirements and product derivations. This thesis investigates the implementation of post-build configuration for a gateway ECU. First, the thesis provides the reader with some background on AUTOSAR and the current E/E architecture of the gateway ECU. The protocols used by the gateway are explained. The design of a potential solution and its implementation are discussed. The implementation is evaluated through regression tests of the routing functionality. Processing time, memory use, and scaling of the solution are also taken into account. The results of the design and the implementation if judged adequate could be used as a springboard to allow post-build in an existing gateway ECU architecture. The results could consolidate the path towards full conformance to AUTOSAR. Inbyggda system har okat i fordonsindustrin. Utvecklingen av dessa inbyggda programvara har varit komplex och ar inte genomforbar per ett enhet. Idag ar utvecklingen gjort av tre foretag: en OEM (Original Equipement Manufacturer), Tier-1 leverantorer som tillhandahaller mjukvara till OEMs, Tier-2 leverantorer som tillhandahaller elektroniska styrenheter (ECU) hardvaror. Förmedlingsnod ECU är en viktig komponent i ett fordons elektriska/elektroniska (E/E) arkitektur. En tredje part implementerar, som skiljer sig från OEM, de flesta funktionerna av den förmedlingsnod ECU. En viktig egenskap för en förmedlingsnod är att tillhandahålla en mycket flexibel konfiguration. Denna flexibilitet tillåter (OEM) att anpassa förmedlingsnod till olika kraven och fordonarkitekturer. Denna avhandling undersöker genomförandet av Post-build konfigurationen, ocksa kallad dynamisk konfigurationen för en förmedlingsnod ECU. För det första gers bakgrund på AUTOSAR och den nuvarande E/E arkitekturen för den ECU. De kommunikation protokoll som används förklaras. Utformningen av en potentiell lösning och dess genomförande diskuteras. Implementeringen utvärderas genom regressionstest av routingsfunktionaliteten. Behandlingstid, minneseffektivitet och skalning av lösningen beaktas också. Resultaten av konstruktionen och genomförandet om det bedömdes som lämpligt skulle kunna användas som ett springbräda för att möjliggöra postbyggnad i en befintlig förmedlingsnod arkitektur. Resultaten kan konsolidera vägen mot full överensstämmelse med AUTOSAR. Le développement de systèmes embarqués dans l’industrie automobile a atteint un niveau de complexité très élevé. D’où la nécessité de créer de nouvelles méthodologies. AUTomotive Open Architecture (AUTOSAR) a été créé pour la mise place de standards pour le développement dans l’industrie automobile. Dans l’architecture AUTOSAR, le développement de logiciels embarqués est reparti, en général, entre trois partis : Original Equipement Manufacturer (OEM), Renault par exemple. Le deuxième niveau regroupe les fournisseurs de logiciels et outils, par exemple, Elektrobit. On retrouve en troisième position les Tier-2 suppliers, fournisseurs de cartes électroniques pour l’automobile, comme Renesas ST. Le développement de calculateurs est séparé par domaine : Multimédia, châssis, motorisation et intérieur. La communication inter-domaine passe par un calculateur passerelle. Le calculateur passerelle est essentielle dans l’architecture électronique du véhicule. Dans AUTOSAR, le calculateur est fourni par un tiers parti, différent du constructeur automobile. Il est donc nécessaire pour le constructeur d’être capable de configurer le calculateur passerelle, sans repasser par le vendeur. Par exemple, le constructeur peut décider, réception du software de rajouter une nouvelle route dans la passerelle. Cet aspect est connu sur le nom de Post-build Configuration dans AUTOSAR. Le but de ce stage est le design et l’implémentation de Post-build configuration d’un calculateur passerelle. D’abord, AUTOSAR et l’architecture électronique d’un calculateur passerelle sont détaillées. Les protocoles de communication sont aussi décrits. Ensuite, le design et les choix d’implémentation sont discutés. L’implémentation est évaluée avec des tests de régression sur les fonctionnalités de routage. Aussi, la solution finale est évaluée sur les critères de performance de routage, l’efficacité en consommation mémoire et la capacité d’être intégrée dans un produit final.

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Massoud, Mostafa. "Evaluation of an Adaptive AUTOSAR System in Context of Functional Safety Environments." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-230004.

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The rapidly evolving technologies in the automotive industry have been defining new challenges, setting new goals and consenting to more complex systems. This steered the AUTOSAR community toward the independent development of the AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform with the intention of addressing and serving the demands defined by the new technology drivers. The use of an already existing software based on an open-source development - specifically GNU/Linux - was recognized as a matching candidate fulfilling the requirements defined by AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform as its operating system. However, this raises new challenges in addressing the safety aspect and the suitability of its implementation in safety-critical environments. As safety standards do not explicitly handle the use of open-source software development, this thesis proposes a tailoring procedure that aims to match the requirements defined by ISO 26262 for a possible qualification of GNU/Linux. And while very little is known about the behavior specification of GNU/Linux to appropriate its use in safety-critical environments, the outlined methodology seeks to verify the specification requirements of GNU/Linux leveraging its claimed compliance to the POSIX standard. In order to further use GNU/Linux with high pedigree of certainty in safety-critical applications, a software partitioning mechanism is implemented to provide control over the resource consumption of the operating system –specifically computation time and memory usage- between different criticality applications in order to achieve Freedom from Interference. The implementation demonstrates the ability to avoid interference concerning required resources of safety-critical applications.

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Assis, Alan Carvalho de. "Implementação e avaliação do protocolo FTT-CAN sobre o sistema AUTOSAR." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61039.

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Nos últimos anos a indústria automotiva vem passando por problemas causados pela complexidade dos equipamentos eletrônicos existentes nos veículos e pela falta de pa- dronização. Praticamente não existem componentes que sejam 100% compatíveis entre veículos de fabricantes diferentes. Para resolver este problema foi criado o consórcio AUTOSAR, que especifica uma plataforma padrão para o software usado nos componentes eletrônicos dos veículos. Este trabalho apresenta o padrão AUTOSAR, implementa o protocolo FTT-CAN (Fle- xible Time-Trigger Controler Area Network) como um barramento de comunicação se- guindo a especificação AUTOSAR e propõe a utilização deste barramento como meio de comunicação entre as ECUs de um sistema automotivo. Esta implementação resultará em maior flexibilidade, segurança e determinismo temporal para a comunicação entre os componentes deste sistema. A utilização do FTT-CAN permitirá a inserção de novos mó- dulos e novas mensagens na rede sem a necessidade de redefinição manual e offline da tabela de escalonamento, o que permitirá o desenvolvimento de aplicações plug-and-play em sistemas automotivos. A dissertação apresenta uma nova abordagem para hot-plug de novos nós na rede FTT- CAN, o estudo de caso e análise do desempenho deste sistema implementado em relação a suas características de tempo real.

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Khenfri, Fouad. "Optimisation holistique pour la configuration d’une architecture logicielle embarquée : application au standard AUTOSAR." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4002/document.

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AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System Architecture) est un standard industriel mondial créé en 2003 dans le but de standardiser le développement des architectures logicielles automobiles. Il fournit un ensemble de concepts et définit une méthodologie commune pour le développement des logiciels embarqués automobiles. Les principales caractéristiques de ce standard sont la modularité et la « configurabilité» de logiciels qui permettent la réutilisation fonctionnelle des modules logiciels fournis par des fournisseurs différents. Cependant,le développement d’une application embarquée AUTOSAR nécessite la configuration d’un grand nombre de paramètres liés principalement au grand nombre de composants logiciels (software component« SWC ») de l’application. Cette configuration commence par l’étape d’allocation des SWCs à la plateforme matérielle (calculateursconnectés par des réseaux), jusqu’à l’étape de configuration de chaque calculateur et du réseau de communication. Différentes alternatives sont possibles pendant ces étapes de configuration etc chaque décision de conception peut impacter les performances temporelles du système, d’où la nécessité d’automatiser ces étapes de configuration et de développer un outil d’évaluation d’architectures.Dans ce travail de thèse, nous introduisons une approche holistique d’optimisation afin de synthétiser l’architecture E/E d’un système embarqué AUTOSAR. Cette approche se base sur des méthodes métaheuristique et heuristique. La méthode métaheuristique (i.e. algorithme génétique) a le rôle de trouver les allocations les plus satisfaisantes des SWCs aux calculateurs. A chaque allocation proposée, deux méthodes heuristiques sont développées afin de résoudre le problème de la configuration des calculateurs (le nombre de tâches et ses priorités, allocation des runnables aux tâches, etc.) et des réseaux de communication (le nombre de messages et ses priorités, allocation des « data-elements » aux messages,etc.). Afin d’évaluer les performances de chaque allocation, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode d’analyse pour calculer le temps de réponse des tâches, des runnables, et de bout-en-bout de tâches/runnables. L’approche d’exploration architecturale proposée par cette thèse considère le modèle des applications périodiques et elle est évaluée à l’aide d’applications génériques et industrielles AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture) has been created by automotive manufacturers, suppliers and tools developers in order to establish an open industry standard for automotive E/E(Electrical/Electronic) architectures. AUTOSAR provides a set of concepts and defines a common methodology to develop automotive software platforms. The key features of this standard are modularity and configurability of automotive software; this allows functional reuse of software modules provided by different suppliers and guarantees interoperability of these modules through standardized interfaces. However, the development of an embedded application according to AUTOSAR necessitates configuring a lot of parameters related to the large number of Software Components (SWCs), their allocations to the hardware platform and then, the configurationof each Electronic Control Unit (ECU). Different alternatives are possible during the design of such systems. Each implementation decision may impact system performance and needs therefore to be evaluated and compared against performance constraints and optimization goals. In this thesis, we introduce a holistic optimization approach to synthesizearchitecture E/E of an embedded AUTOSAR system. This approach is based on heuristic and metaheuristic methods. The metaheuristics (e.g. genetic algorithm) has the role to find the most satisfactory allocations of SWCs to ECUs. Each allocation step, two heuristics are developed to solve the problem of the ECU configuration (the number of tasks and priorities, allocation of runnables to tasks, etc.) and networks configuration (the number of messagesand priorities, allocation of data-elements to messages, etc.). In order to evaluate the performance of each allocation, we propose a new analysis method to calculate the response time of tasks, runnables, and end-to-end paths. The architectural exploration approach proposed by this thesis considers the model for periodic applications and is evaluated using generic and industrial applications

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Jann, Christian. "Koexistenz von AUTOSAR Softwarekomponenten und Linux-Programmen für zukünftige High Performance Automotive Steuergeräte." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-202576.

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Moderne Fahrerassistenzsysteme und der Weg zum autonomen Fahren stellen immer größere Anforderungen an die Steuergeräte Hard- und Software im Fahrzeug. Um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen kommen vermehrt hochperformante Steuergeräte mit einer heterogenen Prozessorarchitektur zum Einsatz. Ein Safety-Prozessor, auf dem ein standardmäßiges AUTOSAR-Betriebssystem ausgeführt wird, übernimmt dabei die echtzeitkritischen und sicherheitsrelevanten Aufgaben wohingegen die rechenintensiven und dynamischen Aufgaben auf einem sehr viel leistungsfähigeren Performance-Prozessor unter einem POSIX-Betriebssystem wie zum Beispiel Linux ausgeführt werden. Hierbei soll es ermöglicht werden unter dem Linux System ebenfalls AUTOSAR Softwarekomponenten und Module auszuführen, welche beispielsweise die im Fahrzeug verwendeten Kommunikationsprotokolle umsetzen oder weniger sicherheitskritische Aufgaben erfüllen. Auf diese Weise lassen sich andere Steuergeräte im Fahrzeug entlasten. Dazu wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit eine Softwarearchitektur entwickelt, die es ermöglicht AUTOSAR-Komponenten direkt in einer Linux-Umgebung auszuführen. Des Weiteren wurde eine einfache und effiziente Kommunikation zwischen AUTOSARKomponenten und Linux-Applikationen erarbeitet.

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Monot, Aurélien. "Vérification des contraintes temporelles de bout-en-bout dans le contexte AutoSar." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767128.

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Les systèmes électroniques embarqués dans les véhicules ont une complexité sans cesse croissante. Cependant, il est crucial d'en maîtriser le comportement temporel afin de garantir la sécurité ainsi que le confort des passagers. La vérifica- tion des contraintes temporelles de bout-en-bout est donc un enjeu majeur lors de la conception d'un véhicule. Dans le contexte de l'architecture logicielle AUTOSAR standard dans les véhicules, nous décomposons la vérification d'une contrainte de bout-en-bout en sous-problèmes d'ordonnancement sur les calculateurs et sur les réseaux de communication que nous traitons ensuite séparément. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons une approche permettant d'améliorer l'utilisation des calculateurs exécutant un grand nombre de composants logiciels, compatible avec l'introduction progressive des plateformes multi-coeurs. Nous dé- crivons des algorithmes rapides et efficaces pour lisser la charge périodique sur les calculateurs multi-coeurs en adaptant puis en améliorant une approche existant pour les bus CAN. Nous donnons également des résultats théoriques sur l'efficacité des algorithmes dans certains cas particuliers. Enfin, nous décrivons les possibili- tés d'utilisation de ces algorithmes en fonction des autres tâches exécutées sur le calculateur. La suite des travaux est consacrée à l'étude des distributions de temps de réponse des messages transmis sur les bus CAN. Dans un premier temps nous pré- sentons une approche de simulation basée sur la modélisation des dérives d'horloges des calculateurs communicant sur le réseau. Nous montrons que nous obtenons des distributions de temps de réponse similaires en réalisant une longue simulation avec des dérives d'horloge ou en faisant un grand nombre de courtes simulations sans dérives d'horloge. Nous présentons enfin une technique analytique pour évaluer les distributions de temps de réponse des trames CAN. Nous présentons différents para- mètres d'approximation permettant de réduire le nombre très important de calculs à effectuer en limitant la perte de précision. Enfin, nous comparons expérimentale- ment les résultats obtenus par analyse et simulation et décrivons les avantages et inconvénients respectifs de ces approches.

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Monot, Aurélien. "Vérification des contraintes temporelles de bout-en-bout dans le contexte AutoSar." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0384.

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Les systèmes électroniques embarqués dans les véhicules ont une complexité sans cesse croissante. Cependant, il est crucial d'en maîtriser le comportement temporel afin de garantir la sécurité ainsi que le confort des passagers. La vérification des contraintes temporelles de bout-en-bout est donc un enjeu majeur lors de la conception d'un véhicule. Dans le contexte de l'architecture logicielle AUTOSAR standard dans les véhicules, nous décomposons la vérification d'une contrainte de bout-en-bout en sous-problèmes d'ordonnancement sur les calculateurs et sur les réseaux de communication que nous traitons ensuite séparément. Dans un premier temps, nous présentons une approche permettant d'améliorer l'utilisation des calculateurs exécutant un grand nombre de composants logiciels, compatible avec l'introduction progressive des plateformes multi-coeurs. Nous décrivons des algorithmes rapides et efficaces pour lisser la charge périodique sur les calculateurs multi-coeurs en adaptant puis en améliorant une approche existant pour les bus CAN. Nous donnons également des résultats théoriques sur l'efficacité des algorithmes dans certains cas particuliers. Enfin, nous décrivons les possibilités d'utilisation de ces algorithmes en fonction des autres tâches exécutées sur le calculateur. La suite des travaux est consacrée à l'étude des distributions de temps de réponse des messages transmis sur les bus CAN. Dans un premier temps nous présentons une approche de simulation basée sur la modélisation des dérives d'horloges des calculateurs communicant sur le réseau. Nous montrons que nous obtenons des distributions de temps de réponse similaires en réalisant une longue simulation avec des dérives d'horloge ou en faisant un grand nombre de courtes simulations sans dérives d'horloge. Nous présentons enfin une technique analytique pour évaluer les distributions de temps de réponse des trames CAN. Nous présentons différents paramètres d'approximation permettant de réduire le nombre très important de calculs à effectuer en limitant la perte de précision. Enfin, nous comparons expérimentalement les résultats obtenus par analyse et simulation et décrivons les avantages et inconvénients respectifs de ces approches The complexity of electronic embedded systems in cars is continuously growing. Hence, mastering the temporal behavior of such systems is paramount in order to ensure the safety and comfort of the passengers. As a consequence, the verification of end-to-end real-time constraints is a major challenge during the design phase of a car. The AUTOSAR software architecture drives us to address the verification of end-to-end real-time constraints as two independent scheduling problems respectively for electronic control units and communication buses. First, we introduce an approach, which optimizes the utilization of controllers scheduling numerous software components that is compatible with the upcoming multicore architectures. We describe fast and efficient algorithms in order to balance the periodic load over time on multicore controllers by adapting and improving an existing approach used for the CAN networks. We provide theoretical result on the efficiency of the algorithms in some specific cases. Moreover, we describe how to use these algorithms in conjunction with other tasks scheduled on the controller. The remaining part of this research work addresses the problem of obtaining the response time distributions of the messages sent on a CAN network. First, we present a simulation approach based on the modelisation of clock drifts on the communicating nodes connected on the CAN network. We show that we obtain similar results with a single simulation using our approach in comparison with the legacy approach consisting in numerous short simulation runs without clock drifts. Then, we present an analytical approach in order to compute the response time distributions of the CAN frames. We introduce several approximation parameters to cope with the very high computational complexity of this approach while limiting the loss of accuracy. Finally, we compare experimentally the simulation and analytical approaches in order to discuss the relative advantages of each of the two approaches

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Pathni, Charu. "Round-trip engineering concept for hierarchical UML models in AUTOSAR-based safety projects." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-187153.

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Product development process begins at a very abstract level of understanding the requirements. The data needs to be passed on the next phase of development. This happens after every stage for further development and finally a product is made. This thesis deals with the data exchange process of software development process in specific. The problem lies in handling of data in terms of redundancy and versions of the data to be handled. Also, once data passed on to next stage, the ability to exchange it in reveres order is not existent in evident forms. The results found during this thesis discusses the solutions for the problem by getting all the data at same level, in terms of its format. Having the concept ready, provides an opportunity to use this data based on our requirements. In this research, the problem of data consistency, data verification is dealt with. This data is used during the development and data merging from various sources. The concept that is formulated can be expanded to a wide variety of applications with respect to development process. If the process involves exchange of data - scalability and generalization are the main foundation concepts that are contained within the concept.

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Giese, Holger, Stephan Hildebrandt, Stefan Neumann, and Sebastian Wätzoldt. "Industrial case study on the integration of SysML and AUTOSAR with triple graph grammars." Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6018/.

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During the overall development of complex engineering systems different modeling notations are employed. For example, in the domain of automotive systems system engineering models are employed quite early to capture the requirements and basic structuring of the entire system, while software engineering models are used later on to describe the concrete software architecture. Each model helps in addressing the specific design issue with appropriate notations and at a suitable level of abstraction. However, when we step forward from system design to the software design, the engineers have to ensure that all decisions captured in the system design model are correctly transferred to the software engineering model. Even worse, when changes occur later on in either model, today the consistency has to be reestablished in a cumbersome manual step. In this report, we present in an extended version of [Holger Giese, Stefan Neumann, and Stephan Hildebrandt. Model Synchronization at Work: Keeping SysML and AUTOSAR Models Consistent. In Gregor Engels, Claus Lewerentz, Wilhelm Schäfer, Andy Schürr, and B. Westfechtel, editors, Graph Transformations and Model Driven Enginering - Essays Dedicated to Manfred Nagl on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday, volume 5765 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 555–579. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2010.] how model synchronization and consistency rules can be applied to automate this task and ensure that the different models are kept consistent. We also introduce a general approach for model synchronization. Besides synchronization, the approach consists of tool adapters as well as consistency rules covering the overlap between the synchronized parts of a model and the rest. We present the model synchronization algorithm based on triple graph grammars in detail and further exemplify the general approach by means of a model synchronization solution between system engineering models in SysML and software engineering models in AUTOSAR which has been developed for an industrial partner. In the appendix as extension to [19] the meta-models and all TGG rules for the SysML to AUTOSAR model synchronization are documented. Bei der Entwicklung komplexer technischer Systeme werden verschiedene Modellierungssprachen verwendet. Zum Beispiel werden bei der Entwicklung von Systemen in der Automobilindustrie bereits früh im Entwicklungsprozess Systemmodelle verwendet, um die Anforderungen und die grobe Struktur des Gesamtsystems darzustellen. Später werden Softwaremodelle verwendet, um die konkrete Softwarearchitektur zu modellieren. Jedes Modell stellt spezifische Entwurfsaspekte mit Hilfe passender Notationen auf einem angemessenen Abstraktionsniveau dar. Wenn jedoch vom Systementwurf zum Softwareentwurf übergegangen wird, müssen die Entwicklungsingenieure sicherstellen, dass alle Entwurfsentscheidungen, die im Systemmodell enthalten sind, korrekt auf das Softwaremodell übertragen werden. Sobald danach auch noch Änderungen auftreten, muss die Konsistenz zwischen den Modellen in einem aufwändigen manuellen Schritt wiederhergestellt werden. In diesem Bericht zeigen wir, wie Modellsynchronisation und Konsistenzregeln zur Automatisierung dieses Arbeitsschrittes verwendet und die Konsistenz zwischen den Modellen sichergestellt werden können. Außerdem stellen wir einen allgemeinen Ansatz zur Modellsynchronisation vor. Neben der reinen Synchronisation umfasst unsere Lösung weiterhin Tool-Adapter, sowie Konsistenzregeln, die sowohl die Teile der Modelle abdecken, die synchronisiert werden können, als auch die restlichen Teile. Der Modellsynchronisationsalgorithmus basiert auf Tripel-Graph-Grammatiken und wird im Detail erläutert. An Hand einer konkreten Transformation zwischen SysML- und AUTOSAR-Modellen, die im Rahmen eines Industrieprojektes entwickelt wurde, wird der Ansatz demonstriert. Im Anhang des Berichts sind alle TGG-Regeln für die SysML-zu-AUTOSAR-Transformation dokumentiert.

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Fagrell, Per, and Richard Eklycke. "Implementing Memory Protection in a Minimal OS." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17355.

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The car industry has created a series of standards called AutoSAR as a response to the increasing number of processors in modern vehicles. Among these specifications is one for real-time operating systems (RTOS). This RTOS standard includes requirements for memory protection. This thesis outlines the work involved in introducing the memory protection outlined in this specification in the OSEck operating system. The work consisted of updating the operating system, implementing the AutoSAR OS API, and updating the suite of toolsused to build the finished system.The AutoSAR specifications were found to be very thorough and well thoughtout. The OS API was successfully implemented, and the data-structures needed to permit its functionality. The existing software tools were updated to conformwith the new requirements from AutoSAR, and additional software was createdto ease the configuration process.Memory protection was successfully implemented in the OSEck operating system, including two implementations of the trap interface. The memory protection functionality adds yet another layer of user-configuration to the operating system. Also, additional overhead for system calls, context switches and message passing is expected. A general evaluation of how OSEck application performance is aff ected is beyond the scope of this thesis, but preliminary studies of additional instruction counts on certain system calls have been performed.

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Belaggoun, Amel. "Adaptability and reconfiguration of automotive embedded systems." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066252/document.

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Les véhicules modernes sont de plus en plus informatisés pour satisfaire les exigences de sureté les plus strictes et pour fournir de meilleures expériences de conduite. Par conséquent, le nombre d'unités de contrôle électronique (ECU) dans les véhicules modernes a augmenté de façon continue au cours des dernières années. En outre, les applications à calcul complexe offrent une demande de calcul plus élevée sur les ECU et ont des contraintes de temps-réel dures et souples, d'où le besoin d’une approche unifiée traitant les deux types de contraintes. Les architectures multi-cœur permettent d'intégrer plusieurs niveaux de criticité de sureté sur la même plate-forme. De telles applications ont été conçues à l'aide d'approches statiques; cependant, les approches dites statiques ne sont plus réalisables dans des environnements très dynamiques en raison de la complexité croissante et les contraintes de coûts strictes, d’où la nécessite des solutions plus souples. Cela signifie que, pour faire face aux environnements dynamiques, un système automobile doit être adaptatif; c'est-à-dire qu'il doit pouvoir adapter sa structure et / ou son comportement à l'exécution en réponse à des changements fréquents dans son environnement. Ces nouvelles exigences ne peuvent être confrontées aux approches actuelles des systèmes et logiciels automobiles. Ainsi, une nouvelle conception de l'architecture électrique / électronique (E / E) d'un véhicule doit être développé. Récemment, l'industrie automobile a convenu de changer la plate-forme AUTOSAR actuelle en "AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform". Cette plate-forme est développée par le consortium AUTOSAR en tant que couche supplémentaire de la plate-forme classique. Il s'agit d'une étude de faisabilité continue basée sur le système d'exploitation POSIX qui utilise une communication orientée service pour intégrer les applications dans le système à tout moment. L'idée principale de cette thèse est de développer de nouveaux concepts d'architecture basés sur l'adaptation pour répondre aux besoins d'une nouvelle architecture E / E pour les véhicules entièrement électriques (VEF) concernant la sureté, la fiabilité et la rentabilité, et les intégrer à AUTOSAR. Nous définissons l'architecture ASLA (Adaptive System Level in AUTOSAR), qui est un cadre qui fournit une solution adaptative pour AUTOSAR. ASLA intègre des fonctions de reconfiguration au niveau des tâches telles que l'addition, la suppression et la migration des tâches dans AUTOSAR. La principale différence entre ASLA et la plate-forme Adaptive AUTOSAR est que ASLA permet d'attribuer des fonctions à criticité mixtes sur le même ECU ainsi que des adaptations bornées temps-réel, tant dis que Adaptive AUTOSAR sépare les fonctions temps réel critiques (fonctionnant sur la plate-forme classique) des fonctions temps réel non critiques (fonctionnant sur la plate-forme adaptative). Pour évaluer la validité de notre architecture proposée, nous fournissons une implémentation prototype de notre architecture ASLA et nous évaluons sa performance à travers des expériences Modern vehicles have become increasingly computerized to satisfy the more strict safety requirements and to provide better driving experiences. Therefore, the number of electronic control units (ECUs) in modern vehicles has continuously increased in the last few decades. In addition, advanced applications put higher computational demand on ECUs and have both hard and soft timing constraints, hence a unified approach handling both constraints is required. Moreover, economic pressures and multi-core architectures are driving the integration of several levels of safety-criticality onto the same platform. Such applications have been traditionally designed using static approaches; however, static approaches are no longer feasible in highly dynamic environments due to increasing complexity and tight cost constraints, and more flexible solutions are required. This means that, to cope with dynamic environments, an automotive system must be adaptive; that is, it must be able to adapt its structure and/or behaviour at runtime in response to frequent changes in its environment. These new requirements cannot be faced by the current state-of-the-art approaches of automotive software systems. Instead, a new design of the overall Electric/Electronic (E/E) architecture of a vehicle needs to be developed. Recently, the automotive industry agreed upon changing the current AUTOSAR platform to the “AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform”. This platform is being developed by the AUTOSAR consortium as an additional product to the current AUTOSAR classic platform. This is an ongoing feasibility study based on the POSIX operating system and uses service-oriented communication to integrate applications into the system at any desired time. The main idea of this thesis is to develop novel architecture concepts based on adaptation to address the needs of a new E/E architecture for Fully Electric Vehicles (FEVs) regarding safety, reliability and cost-efficiency, and integrate these in AUTOSAR. We define the ASLA (Adaptive System Level in AUTOSAR) architecture, which is a framework that provides an adaptive solution for AUTOSAR. ASLA incorporates tasks-level reconfiguration features such as addition, deletion and migration of tasks in AUTOSAR. The main difference between ASLA and the Adaptive AUTOSAR platform is that ASLA enables the allocation of mixed critical functions on the same ECU as well as time-bound adaptations while adaptive AUTOSAR separates critical, hard real-time functions (running on the classic platform) from non-critical/soft-real-time functions (running on the adaptive platform). To assess the validity of our proposed architecture, we provide an early prototype implementation of ASLA and evaluate its performance through experiments

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Meyer, Jan [Verfasser]. "Eine durchgängige modellbasierte Entwicklungsmethodik für die automobile Steuergeräteentwicklung unter Einbeziehung des AUTOSAR Standards / Jan Meyer." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065723105/34.

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Neme, João Henrique Zander. "Um estudo da aplicação do padrão AUTOSAR para desenvolvimento de funções em sistemas embarcados automotivos." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2727.

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A indústria automotiva necessita de constante aumento de qualidade e inovação para se diferenciar das concorrentes, porém sem impactar os custos de produção. No desenvolvimento tradicional geralmente o aumento da complexidade de um sistema é diretamente proporcional ao custo da sua produção. Para inverter esta relação é necessário que se implementem técnicas e padrões modernos de desenvolvimento. Além disso, é estratégico que os engenheiros, hoje em dia, estejam preparados para trabalhar com ferramentas modernas. Este trabalho tem a intenção de apresentar algumas técnicas modernas de desenvolvimento e demonstrar o fluxo de trabalho necessário para a criação de funções automotivas modernas, disponibilizando uma bibliografia que demonstra conceitos e práticas da cadeia de ferramentas específicas para este fim. Inicialmente é apresentada uma visão geral do desenvolvimento de softwares automotivos e uma comparação entre a metodologia tradicional e a abordagem X-in-the-Loop. Na sequência do trabalho o padrão AUTOSAR é apresentado para ser aplicado após o desenvolvimento da função de um painel de instrumentos automotivo. The automotive industry needs constant increase of quality and innovation to differentiate from competitors, but without impacting production costs. In the traditional development increasing complexity of a system directly increases the cost of production. To reverse this relationship it is necessary to implement modern development techniques and standards. This work intends to present some modern development techniques demonstrating the workflow necessary for the creation of modern automotive functions, providing a bibliography that demonstrates concepts and practices of the tool chain for this purpose. Initially, an overview of the development of automotive software and a comparison between the traditional methodology and the X-in-the-Loop approach is presented. Following the AUTOSAR standard is presented to be applied after the design of an automotive dashboard function.

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MARTINEZ, GARCIA Jorge Luis. "Analisi di schedulabilità real-time per sistemi embedded per automotive." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1237855.

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I moderni sistemi embedded automobilistici sono composti da diversi task con constraint di tempo reale, questi task comunicano per mezzo di variabili condivise. In questo senso, l'effetto di un evento iniziale è tipicamente propagato ad un segnale di attuazione attraverso sequenze di task che scrivono e leggono variabili condivise, creando un ‘effect chain’. La reattività, le prestazioni e la stabilità degli algoritmi di controllo di un'applicazione automotive dipendono tipicamente dai ritardi di propagazione degli effect chain selezionati. A seconda del modello di comunicazione adottato, il ritardo di propagazione di effect chain può variare in modo significativo, come può essere l'overhead risultante e il footprint di memoria. In questo lavoro, esploriamo i compromessi tra tre modelli di comunicazione che sono ampiamente adottati per i sistemi automobilistici industriali, vale a dire, Explicit, Implicit, e Logical Execution Time (LET). In particolare, viene fornita un'analisi formale del modello LET per sistemi in tempo reale composti di task periodici con periodi armonici e non armonici, caratterizzando analiticamente le prestazioni di controllo degli effect chain usando l’approccio LET. Si dimostra che introducendo le compensazioni dei task, le prestazioni in tempo reale dei task non armonici possono migliorare, avvicinandosi alla costante latenza end-to-end sperimentata nel caso delle armoniche. Inoltre, viene presentato un algoritmo euristico che ottiene un insieme di offset che potrebbe ridurre le latenze end-to-end, migliorando il determinismo della comunicazione LET. I risultati sono confrontati con un caso di studio industriale che consiste in un sistema di controllo del motore di una macchina. D'altra parte, i server in tempo reale sono stati ampiamente esplorati nella letteratura per eseguire prevedibilmente task aperiodiche, così come per consentire impostazioni di programmazione gerarchiche. Poiché facilitano l'isolamento temporale tra i diversi componenti software, c'è un rinnovato interesse per l'adozione di server in tempo reale a priorità fissa nel settore automobilistico, come modo per implementare meccanismi di prenotazione più efficienti rispetto ai metodi basati su TDMA. In questa tesi, il Polling Periodico esteso, i Deferrable server e Sporadic server sono il focus principale. Nonostante la loro popolarità, esistono solo condizioni di schedulabilità sufficienti per i sistemi in tempo reale programmati con uno qualsiasi di questi server. Pertanto, viene sviluppata una caratterizzazione formale di un'esatta analisi dei tempi di risposta per i sistemi a priorità fissa basati sui suddetti server in un'impostazione di schedulazione multilivello sotto pianificazione preventiva. Inoltre, viene fornita una caratterizzazione sperimentale del miglioramento della schedulabilità che può essere ottenuta rispetto ai test di schedulabilità esistenti, dimostrando l'efficacia dell'analisi esatta proposta. In questo lavoro, approfittiamo del loro isolamento temporale per svolgere compiti originariamente programmati in background, in modo che possano rispettare le loro scadenze. Pertanto, presentiamo un metodo per implementare un Deferrable server (DS) in aggiunta all'ETAS RTA-OS, un sistema operativo che segue lo standard AUTOSAR, e proponiamo una euristica per selezionarne i parametri. Dimostriamo poi l'efficacia della parametrizzazione applicando la tecnica ad un caso di studio industriale costituito da un sistema di controllo del motore automobilistico. Modern automotive embedded systems are composed of multiple real-time tasks communicating by means of shared variables. The effect of an initial event is typically propagated to an actuation signal through sequences of tasks writing/reading shared variables, creating an effect chain. The responsiveness, performance and stability of the control algorithms of an automotive application typically depend on the propagation delays of selected effect chains. Depending on the communication model adopted, the propagation delay of an effect chain may significantly vary, as may be the resulting overhead and memory footprint. In this work, the trade-offs between three communication models that are widely adopted for industrial automotive systems, namely Explicit, Implicit, and Logical Execution Time (LET), are explored. In particular, a formal analysis of the LET model is provided for real-time systems composed of periodic tasks with harmonic and non-harmonic periods, analytically characterizing the control performance of LET effect chains. It is shown that by introducing tasks offsets, the real-time performance of non-harmonic tasks may improve, getting closer to the constant end-to-end latency experienced in the harmonic case. Further, a heuristic algorithm is introduced that obtains a set of offsets that might reduce end-to-end latencies, improving LET communication determinism. The results are compared against an industrial case study consisting of an automotive engine control system. On the other hand, real-time servers have been widely explored in the scheduling literature to predictably execute aperiodic activities, as well as to allow hierarchical scheduling settings. As they facilitate timing isolation between different software components, there is a renewed interest for the adoption of fixed priority real-time servers in the automotive domain, as a way to implement more efficient reservation mechanisms than TDMA-based methods. In this thesis, the extended Polling Periodic, the Deferrable and Sporadic Servers are the main focus. Despite their popularity, only sufficient schedulability conditions exist for real-time systems scheduled with any of these servers. Thus, a formal characterization of an exact response time analysis for fixed priority systems based on the aforementioned servers in a multi-level scheduling setting under preemptive scheduling is developed. In addition to that, an experimental characterization of the schedulabilty improvement that can be obtained with respect to existing sufficient schedulability tests is provided, proving the effectiveness of the proposed exact analysis. Additionally, an overhead-aware schedulability analysis for hierarchical fixed priority preemptive systems is given, and a practical server parameterization heuristic technique, that preserves the least possible utilization as well as enhances the aggregated WCRT of the tasks in a hierarchical scheduling setting, is exposed. Moreover, the temporal isolation offered by the above-mentioned servers is further exploit to serve tasks originally scheduled in the background so that they can meet their deadlines. Hence, a method to implement a Deferrable Server (DS) on top of ETAS RTA-OS, a ubiquitous AUTOSAR-compliant OS, is presented and a heuristic to select its parameters is proposed. Lastly, the effectiveness of the parametrization is proven by applying the technique to an industrial case study consisting of an automotive engine control system.

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Pehrsson, David, and Jesús Garza. "Bootloader with reprogramming functionality for electronic control units in vehicles: Analysis, design and Implementation." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20136.

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In an automotive context today’s need of testing functions while in factory, correcting faults in the workshop or adding extra value in the aftermarket makes it very important to easily be able to download new software to the electronic control units in vehicles. In the platform for standard automotive software development called AUTOSAR, two known protocols are presented to specify the procedure on how to implement this download operation: Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) and the Universal Measurement and Calibration Protocol (XCP). However the part of the UDS and XCP standards that is about reprogramming is not completely a part of the AUTOSAR standard yet. In this thesis, UDS and XCP have been compared to evaluate which of the two that has most support in AUTOSAR today and are most likely to be fully integrated into AUTOSAR in the future. Since UDS already has support in AUTOSAR for some of the functions needed for reprogramming and because of the fact that UDS is a part of the extensively used On-board Diagnostic standard (OBD-II), UDS is chosen to be the most suitable protocol for implementing reprogramming functionality according to AUTOSAR. A bootloader with the ability to download data has been developed using only relevant functions from UDS and following the AUTOSAR specifications where it is applicable. För att kunna testa fordonsfunktioner i fabriken, åtgärda mjukvarufel under service eller för att uppgradera fordonet med nya funktioner är det viktigt att kunna ladda ner ny mjukvara till fordonets styrsystem. Den standardiserade mjukvaruplattformen för fordonsindustrin, AUTOSAR, innehåller två protokoll som båda specificerar hur mjukvara kan laddas ner: Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) och Universal Measurement and Calibration Protocol (XCP). Tyvärr är de delarna av UDS och XCP som beskriver mjukvarunerladdning inte en del av AUTOSAR än. I det här examensarbetet har UDS och XCP jämförts för att utvärdera vilken av de båda som i dagsläget har störst stöd för nerladdning av mjukvara i AUTOSAR och vilken som troligast kommer att bli en del av AUTOSAR i framtiden. Eftersom AUTOSAR redan stödjer några av de funktioner i UDS som behövs för nerladdning av mjukvara samt på grund av att UDS är en del av branschstandarden för fordonsdiagnostik OBD-II, har UDS valts som den mest lämpade att i dagsläget användas för att implementera nerladdning av mjukvara enligt AUTOSAR. En bootloader som stödjer nerladdning av mjukvara via UDS har sedan implementerats enligt AUTOSAR-specifikationen så långt som möjligt.

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Michailidis, Alexander A. [Verfasser]. "Konzepte für eine virtuelle Integration von AUTOSAR-konformer Fahrzeug-Software in frühen Entwicklungsphasen / Alexander A. Michailidis." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/106904802X/34.

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Urbina, Fuentes Moisés Ignacio [Verfasser], and Roman [Gutachter] Obermaisser. "TIMEA: Time-triggered message-based multicore architecture for AUTOSAR / Moisés Ignacio Urbina Fuentes ; Gutachter: Roman Obermaisser." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1227710402/34.

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Deicke, Markus. "Virtuelle Absicherung von Steuergeräte-Software mit hardwareabhängigen Komponenten." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-230123.

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Der stetig steigende Funktionsumfang im Automobil und die zunehmende Vernetzung von Steuergeräten erfordern neue Methoden zur Beherrschung der Komplexität in der Validierung und Verifikation. Die virtuelle Absicherung ermöglicht die Integration der Software in einem PC-System, unabhängig von der Ziel-Hardware, zur frühzeitigen Gewährleistung der Softwarequalität im Entwicklungsprozess. Ebenso kann die Wiederverwendbarkeit vorhandener Komponenten in zukünftigen Mikrocontrollern sichergestellt werden. Die Grundlage dafür liefert der AUTOSAR-Standard durch einheitliche Schnittstellenbeschreibungen, welche die Abstraktion von Hardware und Software ermöglichen. Allerdings enthält der Standard hardwareabhängige Software-Komponenten, die als Complex-Device-Drivers (CDDs) bezeichnet werden. Aufgrund ihrer Hardwareabhängigkeit sind CDDs nicht direkt in eine virtuelle Absicherungsplattform integrierbar, da die spezifischen Hardware-Module nicht verfügbar sind. Die Treiber sind dennoch Teil der Steuergeräte-Software und somit bei einem ganzheitlichen Absicherungsansatz mit zu betrachten. Diese Dissertation beschreibt sieben unterschiedliche Konzepte zur Berücksichtigung von CDDs in der virtuellen Absicherung. Aus der Evaluierung der Praxistauglichkeit aller Ansätze wird eine Auswahlmethodik für die optimale Lösung bei sämtlichen Anwendungsfällen von CDDs in der Steuergeräte-Software entwickelt. Daraus abgeleitet, eignen sich zwei der Konzepte für die häufigsten Anwendungsfälle, die im Weiteren detailliert beschrieben und realisiert werden. Das erste Konzept erlaubt die vollständige Simulation eines CDD. Dies ist notwendig, um die Integration der Funktions-Software selbst ohne den Treiber zu ermöglichen und alle Schnittstellen abzusichern, auch wenn der CDD noch nicht verfügbar ist. Durch eine vollständige Automatisierung ist die Erstellung der Simulation nur mit geringem Arbeitsaufwand verbunden. Das zweite Konzept ermöglicht die vollständige Integration eines CDD, wobei die Hardware-Schnittstellen über einen zusätzlichen Hardware-Abstraction-Layer an die verfügbare Hardware des Systems zur virtuellen Absicherung angebunden werden. So ist der Treiber in der Lage, reale Hardware-Komponenten anzusteuern und kann funktional abgesichert werden. Eine flexible Konfiguration der Abstraktionsschicht erlaubt den Einsatz für eine große Bandbreite von CDDs. Im Rahmen der Arbeit werden beide Konzepte anhand von industrierelevanten Projekten aus der Serienentwicklung erprobt und detailliert evaluiert The constantly increasing amount of functions in modern automobiles and the growing degree of cross-linking between electronic control units (ECU) require new methods to master the complexity in the validation and verification process. The virtual validation and verification enables the integration of the software on a PC system, which is independent from the target hardware, to guarantee the required software quality in the early development stages. Furthermore, the software reuse in future microcontrollers can be verified. All this is enabled by the AUTOSAR standard which provides consistent interface descriptions to allow the abstraction of hardware and software. However, the standard contains hardware-dependent components, called complex device drivers (CDD). Those CDDs cannot be directly integrated into a platform for virtual verification, because they require a specific hardware which is not generally available on such a platform. Regardless, CDDs are an essential part of the ECU software and therefore need to be considered in an holistic approach for validation and verification. This thesis describes seven different concepts to include CDDs in the virtual verification process. A method to always choose the optimal solution for all use cases of CDDs in ECU software is developed using an evaluation of the suitably for daily use of all concepts. As a result from this method, the two concepts suited for the most frequent use cases are detailed and developed as prototypes in this thesis. The first concept enables the full simulation of a CDD. This is necessary to allow the integration of the functional software itself without the driver. This way all interfaces can be tested even if the CDD is not available. The complete automation of the generation of the simulation makes the process very efficient. With the second concept a CDD can be entirely integrated into a platform for virtual verification, using an hardware abstraction layer to connect the hardware interfaces to the available hardware of the platform. This way, the driver is able to control real hardware components and can be tested completely. A flexible configuration of the abstraction layer allows the application of the concept for a wide variety of CDDs. In this thesis both concepts are tested and evaluated using genuine projects from series development

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Girmay, Mesele Asmelash. "AUTOSARLang: Threat Modeling and Attack Simulation for Vehicle Cybersecurity." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240410.

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The rapid growth and development of the Information and Communications Technology attract many industries including the automotive industry. Since the last four decades, the automotive engineering has been impacted by the Information Technology. Nowadays, modern vehicles are being designed with up to hundreds of electronic control units (ECUs) and be able to communicate with other vehicles, infrastructure, and other things via wireless networks and sensors. For such in-vehicle networks, serial bus systems like CAN bus, LIN bus, FlexRay, and MOST are standardized. Parallel to this, the automotive industry vendors designed and standardized automotive open systems architecture (AUTOSAR) software platform. AUTOSAR has two main standards - the classical platform and adaptive platform. The classical platform (CP) is designed for the current embedded ECUs, whereas the adaptive platform (AP) is being designed for the future intelligent ECUs. The intelligent AP ECU constitute many multi-processing processors and Ethernet to realize the future autonomous vehicles.On the other hand, automotive industries shall ensure “safety first” in their design and regard it as part of their market feature. Directly or indirectly, the safety of the modern connected vehicles is related to their cybersecurity. Today, cybersecurity professionals are conducting researches to bring remarkable solutions to the sophisticated cyberattacks. One approach of cybersecurity solution is to make a cyber threat modeling and attack simulations. Example, meta-attack-language (MAL) is a threat modeling and attack simulation language, which is designed to make domain-specific threat analysis.In this study, potential assets of an automotive vehicle with AP ECUs are identified. Then, threats of each identified asset are collected from different literature. With both inputs, a cyber threat model is written using MAL. Finally, validation of the model is made with a simulation language. Consequently, modern vehicle with AP ECUs is modeled and simulated.This study contributes four important things - list of potential assets that AP running vehicle constitutes, collected list of threats of the identified assets, validated cyber threat model, and simulation test cases for each potential attack paths in the model. Den snabba tillväxten och utvecklingen av informations- och kommunikationstekniken lockar många‌ branscher, däribland bilindustrin. Sedan de senaste fyra decennierna har automotive engineering påverkats av informationstekniken. Numera är moderna fordon utformade med upp till hundratals elektroniska styrenheter (ECU) och kan kommunicera med andra fordon, infrastruktur och andra saker via trådlösa nätverk och sensorer. För sådana inbyggda nätverk är seriella bussystem som CAN-buss, LIN-buss, FlexRay och MOST standardiserade. Parallellt med detta har automotive-leverantörerna utformat och standardiserat automatsystem för öppna systemarkitekturer (AUTOSAR). AUTOSAR har två huvudstandarder - den klassiska plattformen och den adaptiva plattformen. Den klassiska plattformen (CP) är utformad för nuvarande inbyggda ECU, medan den adaptiva plattformen (AP) är utformad för framtida intelligenta ECU. Den intelligenta AP-enheten utgör många processorer och Ethernet för att förverkliga de framtida autonoma fordonen. Bilindustrin ska å andra sidan säkerställa "säkerhet först" i sin design och betrakta den som en del av deras marknadsfunktion. Direkt eller indirekt är säkerheten hos moderna anslutna fordon relaterad till sin cybersäkerhet. Idag genomför cybersecurity-proffs för att få anmärkningsvärda lösningar på de sofistikerade cyberattackarna. Ett tillvägagångssätt för cybersecurity-lösningen är att göra en modellering av cyberhot och attack simuleringar. Exempel, meta-attack-language (MAL) är ett hot modellerings-och attack simuleringsspråk, som är utformat för att göra domänspecifik hotanalys. I denna studie identifieras potentiella tillgångar i ett fordonsbil med AP-ECU. Därefter samlas hot av varje identifierad tillgång från olika litteratur. Med båda ingångarna skrivs en cyber-hotmodell med MAL. Slutligen görs validering av modellen med ett simuleringsspråk. Följaktligen modelleras och simuleras moderna fordon med AP-ECU. Denna studie bidrar till fyra viktiga saker - en lista över potentiella tillgångar som AP-körfordon utgör, samlad lista över hot av identifierade tillgångar, validerad cyberhot-modell och simuleringsprovfall för varje potentiell attackvägar i modellen.

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Lyko, Antonín. "Algoritmy pro řízení elektrických motorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316275.

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This paper presents the structure and basic elements of the Autosar software architecture. In addition, the configuration code generation options are presented for both MC-ISAR drivers and AURIX TriCore TC277 hardware modules using EB tresos Studio. For the purpose of possible integration of the electric motor control algorithms, configurations of the GTM and VADC hardware modules have been created and described to enable the generation of PWM signals along with synchronously triggered parallel analogue-to-digital conversions. For this purpose, an application interface including the PWM driver was also developed and described.

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Singh, Rajput Shivaram. "Increasing efficiency in ECU function development for Battery Management Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206088.

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In the context of automotive industries today, the focus of ECU function development is always on finding the best possible combinations of control algorithms and parameter. The complex algorithms with broad implementation range requires optimal calibration of ECU parameters to achieve the desired behaviour during the drive cycle of the vehicle. With the growing function complexity of automotive E/E Systems, the traditional approaches of designing the automotive embedded systems are not suitable. In order to overcome the challenge of complexity, many of the leading automotive companies have formed a partnership in order to develop and establish an open industry standard for automotive E/E architecture called AUTOSAR. In this thesis, toolchain for ECU function development following AUTOSAR standard and an efficient measurement and calibration mechanism using XCP on CAN will be investigated and implemented. Two toolchains will be proposed in this thesis, describing their usage in different stages of ECU function development and in calibration. Both these toolchains will be tested to prove its working. I området utveckling av funktionalitet på elektroniska styrsystem inom bilindustrin idag, ligger fokus på att finna den bästa kombinationen av reglermetoder och styrparametrar. Dessa avancerade system, med breda användningsområden, kräver bästa möjliga injustering av dess kalibrerbara parametrar, för att nå önskat beteende vid användning av fordonet. Det ökande omfånget av funktionskraven på styrsystemen, innebär att sedvanlig metodik för utveckling av dessa system inte är lämplig. För att kunna lösa dessa svårigheter, har de stora inom bilindustrin ingått ett samarbete, där de tillsammans skapat och utvecklar en industristandard för funktionsoch systemutveckling av styrsystem. Standarden kallas AUTOSAR. Denna rapport beskriver hur en kedja av utvecklingsverktyg som följer AUTOSAR-standarden kan användas, för att undersöka och använda en metod för systemövervakning och parameterkalibrering, genom användning av XCP över CAN.

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Zhang, Ziming. "Determination of Real-Time Network Configuration for Self-Adaptive Automotive Systems." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-165180.

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The Electric/Electronic architecture of vehicle becomes more complex and costly, self-adaption can reduce the system, enhance the adaptive meanwhile reduce energy consumption and costs. The self-adaption needs the cooperation of both hardware and software reconfigurations, such that after the software is reconfigured the automotive network continues to fulfill the time constraints for time-critical applications. The thesis focuses on the real-time network reconfiguration. It uses EAST-ADL to model a real-time automotive system with timing events and constraints, which conforms to AUTOSAR timing extensions. The network media access is analyzed based on the model and a scheduling algorithm is developed. Then the concept is implemented by a use case, which is transformed from an EAST-ADL model to an executable simulation.

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Klikpo, Enagnon Cédric. "Méthode de conception de systèmes temps réels embarqués multi-coeurs en milieu automobile." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS033/document.

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La complexité croissante des applications embarquées dans les voitures modernes augmente le besoin de puissance de calcul. Pour répondre à ce besoin, le standard automobile AUTOSAR introduit l'utilisation de plates-formes multi-cœurs. Cependant, l'utilisation du multi-cœurs pour des applications temps-réel critique automobile soulève plusieurs problématiques. Notamment, il faut respecter la spécification fonctionnelle et garantir de manière déterministe les échanges de données entre cœurs. Dans cette thèse, nous considérons des systèmes multi-périodiques spécifiés et validés fonctionnellement avec des modèles Matlab/Simulink. Ainsi, nous avons développé un framework pour déployer des applications Matlab/Simulink sur AUTOSAR multi-cœurs afin de garantir le déterminisme fonctionnel et temporel tout en exploitant au mieux le parallélisme. Notre contribution a porté sur trois axes. Premièrement nous avons identifié les mécanismes d'échanges de données imposés dans le modèle fonctionnel Matlab/Simulink. Nous avons montré que ces mécanismes pouvaient s'exprimer en utilisant le formalisme des Synchronous Dataflow Graph (SDFG). Ce modèle est un excellent outil d'analyse pour exploiter le parallélisme car il est très populaire dans la littérature et largement étudié pour le déploiement d'applications flow de données sur plateforme multi/many-cœurs. Par la suite, nous avons développé des méthodes pour réaliser le flux de données exprimés par le SDFG dans un ordonnancement temps-réel préemptif. Ces méthodes utilisent des résultats théoriques sur les SDFGs pour garantir les contraintes de précédence de manière déterministe sans utiliser des mécanismes de synchronisation bloquants. De cette sorte, nous garantissons à la fois le déterminisme fonctionnel et temporel des applications. Finalement, nous caractérisons l'impact des contraintes de flux de données sur l'ordonnancement des tâches. Nous proposons une technique de partitionnement qui minimise cet impact. Nous montrons alors que cette technique favorise la construction d'un partitionnement et d'un ordonnancement lorsqu'elle est utilisée pour initialiser des algorithmes de recherche et d'optimisation heuristiques The increasing complexity of embedded applications in modern cars has increased the need of computing power. To meet this need, the European automotive standard AUTOSAR has introduced the use of \multicore platforms. However, \multicore platform for critical automotive applications raises several issues. In particular, it is necessary to respect the functional specification and to guarantee deterministically the data exchanges between cores. In this thesis, we consider multi-periodic systems specified and validated with \mat. So, we developed a framework to deploy \mat applications on AUTOSAR \multicore. This framework guarantees the functional and temporal determinism and exploits the parallelism. Our contribution is threefold. First, we identify the communication mechanisms in \mat. Then, we prove that the dataflow in a multi-periodic \mat system is modeled by a SDFG. The SDFG formalism is an excellent analysis tool to exploit the parallelism. In fact, it is very popular in the literature and it is widely studied for the deployment of dataflow applications on multi/many-core. Then, we develop methods to realize the dataflow expressed by the SDFG in a preemptive \rt scheduling. These methods use theoretical results on SDFGs to guarantee deterministic precedence constraints without using blocking synchronization mechanisms. As such, both the functional and temporal determinism are guaranteed. Finally, we characterize the impact of dataflow requirements on tasks. We propose a partitioning technique that minimizes this impact. We show that this technique promotes the construction of a partitioning and a feasible scheduling when it is used to initiate multi-objective research and optimization algorithms. %As such, we reduce the number of design iterations and shorten the design time

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Mohammad, Hassan [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Liggesmeyer. "Verification & Performance Measurement for Transport Protocol Parallel Routing of an AUTOSAR Gateway System / Hassan Mohammad. Betreuer: Peter Liggesmeyer." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105472183/34.

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Deicke, Markus. "Virtuelle Absicherung von Steuergeräte-Software mit hardwareabhängigen Komponenten." Universitätsverlag Chemnitz, 2016. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20810.

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Der stetig steigende Funktionsumfang im Automobil und die zunehmende Vernetzung von Steuergeräten erfordern neue Methoden zur Beherrschung der Komplexität in der Validierung und Verifikation. Die virtuelle Absicherung ermöglicht die Integration der Software in einem PC-System, unabhängig von der Ziel-Hardware, zur frühzeitigen Gewährleistung der Softwarequalität im Entwicklungsprozess. Ebenso kann die Wiederverwendbarkeit vorhandener Komponenten in zukünftigen Mikrocontrollern sichergestellt werden. Die Grundlage dafür liefert der AUTOSAR-Standard durch einheitliche Schnittstellenbeschreibungen, welche die Abstraktion von Hardware und Software ermöglichen. Allerdings enthält der Standard hardwareabhängige Software-Komponenten, die als Complex-Device-Drivers (CDDs) bezeichnet werden. Aufgrund ihrer Hardwareabhängigkeit sind CDDs nicht direkt in eine virtuelle Absicherungsplattform integrierbar, da die spezifischen Hardware-Module nicht verfügbar sind. Die Treiber sind dennoch Teil der Steuergeräte-Software und somit bei einem ganzheitlichen Absicherungsansatz mit zu betrachten. Diese Dissertation beschreibt sieben unterschiedliche Konzepte zur Berücksichtigung von CDDs in der virtuellen Absicherung. Aus der Evaluierung der Praxistauglichkeit aller Ansätze wird eine Auswahlmethodik für die optimale Lösung bei sämtlichen Anwendungsfällen von CDDs in der Steuergeräte-Software entwickelt. Daraus abgeleitet, eignen sich zwei der Konzepte für die häufigsten Anwendungsfälle, die im Weiteren detailliert beschrieben und realisiert werden. Das erste Konzept erlaubt die vollständige Simulation eines CDD. Dies ist notwendig, um die Integration der Funktions-Software selbst ohne den Treiber zu ermöglichen und alle Schnittstellen abzusichern, auch wenn der CDD noch nicht verfügbar ist. Durch eine vollständige Automatisierung ist die Erstellung der Simulation nur mit geringem Arbeitsaufwand verbunden. Das zweite Konzept ermöglicht die vollständige Integration eines CDD, wobei die Hardware-Schnittstellen über einen zusätzlichen Hardware-Abstraction-Layer an die verfügbare Hardware des Systems zur virtuellen Absicherung angebunden werden. So ist der Treiber in der Lage, reale Hardware-Komponenten anzusteuern und kann funktional abgesichert werden. Eine flexible Konfiguration der Abstraktionsschicht erlaubt den Einsatz für eine große Bandbreite von CDDs. Im Rahmen der Arbeit werden beide Konzepte anhand von industrierelevanten Projekten aus der Serienentwicklung erprobt und detailliert evaluiert. The constantly increasing amount of functions in modern automobiles and the growing degree of cross-linking between electronic control units (ECU) require new methods to master the complexity in the validation and verification process. The virtual validation and verification enables the integration of the software on a PC system, which is independent from the target hardware, to guarantee the required software quality in the early development stages. Furthermore, the software reuse in future microcontrollers can be verified. All this is enabled by the AUTOSAR standard which provides consistent interface descriptions to allow the abstraction of hardware and software. However, the standard contains hardware-dependent components, called complex device drivers (CDD). Those CDDs cannot be directly integrated into a platform for virtual verification, because they require a specific hardware which is not generally available on such a platform. Regardless, CDDs are an essential part of the ECU software and therefore need to be considered in an holistic approach for validation and verification. This thesis describes seven different concepts to include CDDs in the virtual verification process. A method to always choose the optimal solution for all use cases of CDDs in ECU software is developed using an evaluation of the suitably for daily use of all concepts. As a result from this method, the two concepts suited for the most frequent use cases are detailed and developed as prototypes in this thesis. The first concept enables the full simulation of a CDD. This is necessary to allow the integration of the functional software itself without the driver. This way all interfaces can be tested even if the CDD is not available. The complete automation of the generation of the simulation makes the process very efficient. With the second concept a CDD can be entirely integrated into a platform for virtual verification, using an hardware abstraction layer to connect the hardware interfaces to the available hardware of the platform. This way, the driver is able to control real hardware components and can be tested completely. A flexible configuration of the abstraction layer allows the application of the concept for a wide variety of CDDs. In this thesis both concepts are tested and evaluated using genuine projects from series development.

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Belaggoun, Amel. "Adaptability and reconfiguration of automotive embedded systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066252.

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Les véhicules modernes sont de plus en plus informatisés pour satisfaire les exigences de sureté les plus strictes et pour fournir de meilleures expériences de conduite. Par conséquent, le nombre d'unités de contrôle électronique (ECU) dans les véhicules modernes a augmenté de façon continue au cours des dernières années. En outre, les applications à calcul complexe offrent une demande de calcul plus élevée sur les ECU et ont des contraintes de temps-réel dures et souples, d'où le besoin d’une approche unifiée traitant les deux types de contraintes. Les architectures multi-cœur permettent d'intégrer plusieurs niveaux de criticité de sureté sur la même plate-forme. De telles applications ont été conçues à l'aide d'approches statiques; cependant, les approches dites statiques ne sont plus réalisables dans des environnements très dynamiques en raison de la complexité croissante et les contraintes de coûts strictes, d’où la nécessite des solutions plus souples. Cela signifie que, pour faire face aux environnements dynamiques, un système automobile doit être adaptatif; c'est-à-dire qu'il doit pouvoir adapter sa structure et / ou son comportement à l'exécution en réponse à des changements fréquents dans son environnement. Ces nouvelles exigences ne peuvent être confrontées aux approches actuelles des systèmes et logiciels automobiles. Ainsi, une nouvelle conception de l'architecture électrique / électronique (E / E) d'un véhicule doit être développé. Récemment, l'industrie automobile a convenu de changer la plate-forme AUTOSAR actuelle en "AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform". Cette plate-forme est développée par le consortium AUTOSAR en tant que couche supplémentaire de la plate-forme classique. Il s'agit d'une étude de faisabilité continue basée sur le système d'exploitation POSIX qui utilise une communication orientée service pour intégrer les applications dans le système à tout moment. L'idée principale de cette thèse est de développer de nouveaux concepts d'architecture basés sur l'adaptation pour répondre aux besoins d'une nouvelle architecture E / E pour les véhicules entièrement électriques (VEF) concernant la sureté, la fiabilité et la rentabilité, et les intégrer à AUTOSAR. Nous définissons l'architecture ASLA (Adaptive System Level in AUTOSAR), qui est un cadre qui fournit une solution adaptative pour AUTOSAR. ASLA intègre des fonctions de reconfiguration au niveau des tâches telles que l'addition, la suppression et la migration des tâches dans AUTOSAR. La principale différence entre ASLA et la plate-forme Adaptive AUTOSAR est que ASLA permet d'attribuer des fonctions à criticité mixtes sur le même ECU ainsi que des adaptations bornées temps-réel, tant dis que Adaptive AUTOSAR sépare les fonctions temps réel critiques (fonctionnant sur la plate-forme classique) des fonctions temps réel non critiques (fonctionnant sur la plate-forme adaptative). Pour évaluer la validité de notre architecture proposée, nous fournissons une implémentation prototype de notre architecture ASLA et nous évaluons sa performance à travers des expériences Modern vehicles have become increasingly computerized to satisfy the more strict safety requirements and to provide better driving experiences. Therefore, the number of electronic control units (ECUs) in modern vehicles has continuously increased in the last few decades. In addition, advanced applications put higher computational demand on ECUs and have both hard and soft timing constraints, hence a unified approach handling both constraints is required. Moreover, economic pressures and multi-core architectures are driving the integration of several levels of safety-criticality onto the same platform. Such applications have been traditionally designed using static approaches; however, static approaches are no longer feasible in highly dynamic environments due to increasing complexity and tight cost constraints, and more flexible solutions are required. This means that, to cope with dynamic environments, an automotive system must be adaptive; that is, it must be able to adapt its structure and/or behaviour at runtime in response to frequent changes in its environment. These new requirements cannot be faced by the current state-of-the-art approaches of automotive software systems. Instead, a new design of the overall Electric/Electronic (E/E) architecture of a vehicle needs to be developed. Recently, the automotive industry agreed upon changing the current AUTOSAR platform to the “AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform”. This platform is being developed by the AUTOSAR consortium as an additional product to the current AUTOSAR classic platform. This is an ongoing feasibility study based on the POSIX operating system and uses service-oriented communication to integrate applications into the system at any desired time. The main idea of this thesis is to develop novel architecture concepts based on adaptation to address the needs of a new E/E architecture for Fully Electric Vehicles (FEVs) regarding safety, reliability and cost-efficiency, and integrate these in AUTOSAR. We define the ASLA (Adaptive System Level in AUTOSAR) architecture, which is a framework that provides an adaptive solution for AUTOSAR. ASLA incorporates tasks-level reconfiguration features such as addition, deletion and migration of tasks in AUTOSAR. The main difference between ASLA and the Adaptive AUTOSAR platform is that ASLA enables the allocation of mixed critical functions on the same ECU as well as time-bound adaptations while adaptive AUTOSAR separates critical, hard real-time functions (running on the classic platform) from non-critical/soft-real-time functions (running on the adaptive platform). To assess the validity of our proposed architecture, we provide an early prototype implementation of ASLA and evaluate its performance through experiments

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Negrean, Mircea Florin [Verfasser], and Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Ernst. "Performance Analysis of Multi-Core Multi-Mode Systems with Shared Resources - Principles and Application to AUTOSAR - / Mircea Florin Negrean ; Betreuer: Rolf Ernst." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1175818860/34.

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Hebig, Regina, and Holger Giese. "MDE settings in SAP : a descriptive field study." Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6019/.

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MDE techniques are more and more used in praxis. However, there is currently a lack of detailed reports about how different MDE techniques are integrated into the development and combined with each other. To learn more about such MDE settings, we performed a descriptive and exploratory field study with SAP, which is a worldwide operating company with around 50.000 employees and builds enterprise software applications. This technical report describes insights we got during this study. For example, we identified that MDE settings are subject to evolution. Finally, this report outlines directions for future research to provide practical advises for the application of MDE settings. Techniken der modellgetriebenen Entwicklung (MDE) werden mehr und mehr in der Praxis eingesetzt. Dabei gibt es wenige detaillierte Berichte darüber wie unterschiedliche MDE-Techniken kombiniert und in die Entwicklung integriert werden. Die vorliegende beschreibende Feldstudie dient dem Zweck, in SAP genutzte MDE-Ansätze detailliert zu beschreiben. SAP ist ein weltweit operierendes Unternehmen, hat ca. 50 000 Mitarbeiter und stellt Softwarelösungen für Firmen her. Der vorliegende technische Bericht beschreibt die Einblicke die wir in dieser Studie erhalten haben. Dazu gehört die Einsicht, dass MDE Ansätze einer Evolution unterliegen. Schließlich umreißt dieser Bericht mögliche Richtungen für zukünftige Forschung um praktische Ratschläge für die Gestaltung von MDE Ansätzen geben zu können.

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Bertrand, Dominique. "Contribution à la robustesse des systèmes temps réel embarqués - Approches de dimensionnement du mécanisme de protection temporelle d'AUTOSAR OS." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598305.

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Depuis quelques années, le domaine de l'automobile connaît de grands changements afin d'améliorer la sécurité, le confort ou réduire la consommation. Aujourd'hui, de multiples composants automobiles informatisés sont développés et intégrés. Cependant, ces composants doivent garantir une certaine sûreté de fonctionnement et des composants peu critiques défaillants ne doivent pas engendrer de défaillances, par propagation, sur des composants critiques. Une isolation des composants est donc nécessaire. Notre travail porte sur la robustesse temporelle des systèmes temps réel embarqués. Le domaine automobile est relativement standardisé et un des standards émergents, le standard AUTOSAR OS, spécifie l'organisation des systèmes informatiques embarqués afin de faciliter le développement de systèmes multiconcepteurs, de permettre la réutilisation de composants sur étagères et d'accroître la flexibilité de tout le processus de développement. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement au mécanisme de protection temporelle proposé par ce standard qui permet d'isoler temporellement chaque fonction de l'application en détectant une erreur avant qu'une défaillance plus importante ne se produise. Nous proposons dans ce mémoire des techniques de configuration de ce mécanisme par rapport à certains modèles d'application et aux garanties demandées par le concepteur. Une étude de cas réalisée sur une plateforme matérielle d'exécution et sur le système d'exploitation temps réel Trampoline complète l'étude.

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Toscanelli, Massimo. "Multicore Software Development for Engine Control Units." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19281/.

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The aim of this thesis was to find the best solution for multi-core data transfer of Engine Control Units provided with AUTOSAR architecture. Once studied the best algorithm to design a proper inter-core communicator, a code generator has been developed to automatically produce C code and implement multi-core control units' functionalities.

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Daghsen, Ahmed. "Methodology of analysis and optimization of real-time embedded systems : application to automotive field." Compiègne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013COMP2062.

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Dans le domaine de l'automobile, le nombre de fonctions émergentes augmente sans cesse dans le but d'offrir une large gamme de confort et qualité de service au conducteur. La plupart de ces fonctions électroniques sont modulaires et réparties sur plusieurs composants du véhicule. La complexité de telles fonctions telles que le "X-By-Wire" ainsi que l'interdépendance entre ces fonctions rendent l'intégration et la validation de ces systèmes assez complexe. Face à ces problématiques, le consortium AUTOSAR (Automotive Open System ARchitecture) a été créé par les principaux acteurs mondiaux de l'automobile. Cette initiative vise la mise en place d'un standard ouvert pour l'architecture embarquée de l'automobile. La méthodologie proposée par AUTOSAR ainsi que les outils de développement existants ne permettent pas de guider le concepteur d'application à établir l'architecture adéquate et optimale du système. L'objectif de ces travaux de thèse est d'établir une méthodologie d'analyse et d'exploration à base des modèles afin de valider et optimiser les performances d'un système embarqué dans le but de guider le concepteur système. L'approche consiste en premier temps à valider analytiquement les performances temps-réel d'un système AUTOSAR. En second temps, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode d'exploration multi-objectives de l'espace de conceptions des architectures. La méthode d'optimisation repose sur un algorithme évolutionnaire multi-objectives. Nous proposons dans la suite l'exploration de trois espace de recherche identifiés durant le processus de développement AUTOSAR : (1) le placement des composants logiciel sur les calculateurs, (2) la configuration des tâches systèmes et (3) le placement des runnables (entités logicielles) sur les tâches. Aussi, la flexibilité et l'adaptabilité de la méthode d'exploration proposée permettent son application sur des systèmes conçus avec d'autres langages de modélisation tels que SysML et MARTE. Ainsi, nous proposons une méthode d'exploration et d'analyse plus générique. Cette méthode est basée sur un méta-modèle intermédiaire définis, et qui permettra une translation automatique entre le modèle d'entrée du système et les outils d'analyse et d'exploration Today, the design and development of automotive software system becomes very complex. This complexity is due to the high number of functions, execution codes and diversity of communication bus embedded in the vehicle. Also, the heterogeneity of the architecture makes the design of such system more difficult and time consuming. The introduction of Model-Based Development (MBD) in the automotive field promised to improve the development process by allowing continuity between requirements definition, system design and the distributed system implementation. In the same direction, the apparition of AUTOSAR consortium standardized the design of such automotive embedded system by allowing the portability of software functions on the hardware architecture and their reuse. It defines a set of rules and interfaces to design, interconnect, deploy and configure a set of application software components (SWCs). However, designing an embedded system according to AUTOSAR standard necessitates the configuration of hundreds of parameters and requires several software allocation decisions. Each decision may influence the system performance and also the development cost. This architectural complexity leads to a large design decision space which is difficult to be explored without using an analytical method or a design tool. We introduce in this thesis a methodology that permits to assist and help the system designer to configure an AUTOSAR-compliant system. This is based on the Design Space Exploration (DSE) framework that permits to evaluate and analyze several design alternatives in order to identify the optimal solutions. The DSE task relies on a multi-objectives evolutionary algorithm. The DSE could be performed for two purposes : (1) the mapping of SWCs to ECUs and the mapping of runnables (code entities) to OS tasks, (2) the configuration of the software parameters like OS tasks priorities and types. The flexibility and scalability of the DSE framework allows applying it to other description and modeling languages such as SysML/MARTE

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Woźniak, Ernest. "Model-based Synthesis of Distributed Real-time Automotive Architectures." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112145/document.

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Les solutions basées sur le logiciel/matériel jouent un rôle important dans le domaine de l'automobile. Il est de plus en plus fréquent que l’implémentation de certaines fonctions jusqu’ici réalisées par des composants mécaniques, se fasse dans les véhicules d’aujourd’hui par des composants électroniques embarquant du logiciel. Cette tendance conduit à un grand nombre de fonctions implémentées comme un ensemble de composants logiciels déployés sur unités de commande électronique (ECU). Par conséquent, la quantité de code embarqué dans les automobiles est estimée à des dizaines de giga-octets et le nombre d’ECU de l’ordre de la centaine. Les pratiques actuelles de développement deviennent donc inefficaces et sont en cours d’évolution. L'objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer aux efforts actuels qui consistent à introduire l’utilisation de l'Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles dans la conception d’architectures automobiles basées sur le logiciel/matériel. Une première série de contributions de cette thèse porte sur la proposition de techniques pour soutenir les activités décrites dans la méthodologie automobile établie par le langage EAST-ADL2 et le standard AUTOSAR dont l’objectif principal est l'intégration de l'architecture logicielle avec la plate-forme matérielle. Bien que de nombreux travaux sur la synthèse d’architectures existent, cette thèse met en exergue les principaux défauts les empêchant de pleinement supporter la méthodologie EAST-ADL2/AUTOSAR et propose de nouvelles techniques aidant à surmonter les déficiences actuelles. Une deuxième série de contributions concerne les approches de modélisation. L'utilisation de langages de modélisation généralistes (dans le sens non spécifique à un domaine industriel donné) comme SysML et MARTE bien que bénéfique, n'a pas encore trouvé une manière d'être pleinement exploité par les constructeurs automobiles. Cela concerne en particulier la modélisation d’une spécification analysable et l'optimisation des préoccupations qui permettrait d’effectuer des analyses et optimisations à base de modèles. Ce travail définit une méthodologie et les concepts nécessaires à la construction de modèles d'analyse et d'optimisation de ces systèmes Hardware/software based solutions play significant role in the automotive domain. It is common that the implementation of certain functions that was done in a mechanical manner, in nowadays cars is done through the software and hardware. This tendency lead to the substantial number of functions operating as a set of software components deployed into hardware entities, i.e. Electronic Control Units (ECU). As a consequence the capacity of the overall code is estimated as tens of gigabytes and the number of ECUs reaches more than 100. Consequently the industrial state of the practice development approaches become inefficient. The objective of this thesis is to add to the current efforts trying to employ the Model Driven Engineering (MDE) in the context of the automotive SW/HW architectures design. First set of contributions relates to the guided strategies supporting the key engineering activities of the automotive methodology established by the EAST-\ADL2 language and the AUTOSAR standard. The main is the integration of the software architecture with the hardware platform. Although the amount of work on the synthesis is substantial, this thesis presents shortcomings of the existing approaches that disable them to fully support the EAST-ADL2/AUTOSAR methodology and delivers new techniques overcoming the current deficiencies. Second contribution concerns approaches for the modeling. Surprisingly the usage of general purpose modeling languages such as the SysML and MARTE although beneficial, haven’t found its way yet to be fully exploited by the automotive OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturer). This especially relates to the modeling of the analyzable input and the optimization concerns which would enable triggering of the analysis and optimization directly from the models level. This work shows a way and defines additional concepts, necessary to construct analysis and optimization models

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Kresta, Martin. "Návrh zařízení pro demonstraci a testování produktu NCV7471." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220233.

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Práce se zabývá návrhem automobilové elektronické řídicí jednotky (ECU) s funkcí partial networking definovanou normou ISO 11898-6. Cílem je navrhnout a vytvořit demonstrační ECU s použitím system basis chip NCV7471. Protože NCV7471 obsahuje standardní CAN transceiver, funkce partial networking je realizována pouze softwarem řídicí jednotky. Práce zvažuje možné způsoby realizace jak HW, tak SW části, tak aby byla zajištěna nízká spotřeba ECU v různých operačních módech, a snaží se sledovat současné trendy v automobilovém průmyslu.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'AUTOSAR'

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