Academic literature on the topic 'Auxiliary verb DO'

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Journal articles on the topic "Auxiliary verb DO"

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Louw, J. A. "Auxiliary verb in Xhosa." South African Journal of African Languages 7, no. 1 (January 1987): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1987.10586678.

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Ayodimeji, Akintoye, Festu. "A Comparative Study of French and English Auxiliary Verbs." IJOHMN (International Journal online of Humanities) 4, no. 4 (August 4, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijohmn.v4i4.52.

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Auxiliary verbs in English and French languages are very germane in constructing sentences in both languages. Therefore, this study examines the way auxiliary verbs are used in English and French Languages; and some features where learners of either language may encounter some difficulties in the course of learning. Our attention is drawn to auxiliary verbs because verb is what that makes any sentence functions the way it is. Verb is one of the most important parts of speech in French grammar and also in English .It is through verb that one knows when an action takes place. When a verb helps another verb to form one of its tenses in a sentence, such verb can be said to be auxiliary. This paper also focuses on auxiliary verbs and how verbs are used in the past and present indications. Auxiliary verbs cannot stand or function alone without relying on the main verb in both English and French languages. Finally, we shall concurrently consider in this paper how semi-auxiliary verbs function as modal auxiliary in French.
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Liosis, Nikos. "Auxiliary verb constructions and clitic placement." Journal of Greek Linguistics 17, no. 1 (2017): 37–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15699846-01701004.

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The Tsakonian clitic system possesses a clitic auxiliary with the same syntactic and prosodic properties as the object clitic pronouns with which it may cluster preverbally or postverbally. The clitics of the two Tsakonian subdialects (Peloponnesian Tsakonian and Propontis Tsakonian) differ typologically since the latter has second position clitics but the former does not. It is shown here that Peloponnesian Tsakonian clitics do not simply constitute a mixed system in a state of transition between the inherited Medieval Greek enclitics and SMG proclitics, because of certain peculiarities they show. In particular, circumclitics and split clitics have arisen, and second position clitics are retained not as free variations but as elements whose placement depends on strict prosodic and/or syntactic conditions.
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Edward J. Vajda. "Auxiliary verb constructions (review)." Language 86, no. 2 (2010): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.0.0207.

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Abdulaeva, Indira Akhmedovna. "AUXILIARY LINKING VERB IN AKHVAKH LANGUAGE." Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem, no. 7 (September 16, 2015): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2015-7-19.

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목지선. "A Study of Auxiliary Verb ‘쌓다’." Korean Language Research ll, no. 32 (June 2013): 35–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.16876/klrc.2013..32.35.

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목지선. "A Study of Auxiliary Verb ‘쌓다’." Korean Language Research ll, no. 32 (June 2013): 36–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.16876/klrc.2013..32.36.

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Hoekstra, Jarich. "Beyond Do-Support and Tun-Periphrasis: The Case of Finite Verb Doubling in Karrharde North Frisian." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 28, no. 4 (November 11, 2016): 317–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542716000155.

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All West Germanic languages possess periphrastic verb constructions in which a finite dummy auxiliary ‘do’ combines with an infinitival thematic verb (compare do-support in English and tun-periphrasis in German). In Frisian, periphrastic verb constructions are not very common. It is all the more surprising, therefore, to find a general periphrastic verb construction in Karrharde North Frisian that seems to go beyond the typology of these constructions in West Germanic to some extent: The construction is rather unconstrained, it features a mysterious dummy auxiliary wer- and, most strikingly, both the dummy auxiliary and the thematic verb are finite. In this article, the basic data on finite verb doubling in Karrharde North Frisian is presented, and the origin of the dummy auxiliary wer- is tracked down. A synchronic analysis of the construction is proposed that relates it to the periphrastic verb constructions in other West Germanic languages. It is shown that finite verb doubling is in most respects a garden variety periphrastic verb construction, and that its special properties can be traced back to the fact that the dummy auxiliary developed from the complementizer wer ‘if, whether’ (possibly under language contact with Danish).
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van Gelderen, Elly. "Review of Anderson (2006): Auxiliary Verb Constructions." Studies in Language 32, no. 2 (April 2, 2008): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.32.2.14gel.

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van Gelderen, Elly. "Review of Anderson (2006): Auxiliary Verb Constructions." Studies in Language 33, no. 1 (January 9, 2009): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.33.1.13van.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Auxiliary verb DO"

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Suh, Younghwan. "A study of the auxiliary verb construction and verb serialization in Korean /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8391.

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Richards, Brian J. "Individual differences and development of the auxiliary verb system in young children." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300526.

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Bertucci, Roberlei Alves. "A auxiliaridade do verbo chegar em português brasileiro." Universidade Federal do Paraná, 2007. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/551.

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Este trabalho analisa o verbo chegar em sentenças do PB, quando ele é seguido de a+infinitivo. Na literatura, não há consenso no tratamento do verbo na perífrase em foco. Enquanto alguns o consideram um auxiliar, outros não. Esta pesquisa retomou essa discussão e mostrou que o verbo chegar, no contexto estabelecido, responde afirmativamente a todos os critérios apontados como caracterizadores de auxiliaridade. Tendo isso estabelecido, observamos que são atribuídos aos auxiliares os valores de tempo, voz, modo e aspecto. Assim, fomos investigando, uma a uma, todas essas possibilidades. Os valores de tempo e voz foram facilmente descartados. Em seguida, buscamos numa descrição genérica de modalidade alguma pista que nos fizesse ir mais a fundo. Não encontramos e, por isso, descartamos também essa possibilidade. A análise de chegar como auxiliar aspectual tomou mais tempo e espaço neste trabalho, porque há alguns autores que assumem uma análise desse tipo. Primeiro, buscamos caracterizar o aspecto gramatical e ver se as sentenças objetos de investigação poderiam denotar as categorias de aspecto incluídas aí. Concluímos que não. Analisamos, depois, a possibilidade de chegar restringir alguma classe acional. Novamente, os resultados foram negativos. Tendo em vista o comportamento da perífrase nos diferentes contextos, afirmamos que não era possível assumir um valor aspectual para o verbo em questão. Por fim, propomos uma análise para esse verbo que leva em conta não apenas os aspectos sintáticos e semânticos, mas também os pragmáticos: mostramos que o falante, ao utilizar o auxiliar chegar deseja apontar para uma escala, mais precisamente para o ponto argumentativo mais forte dessa escala. Dessa forma, teríamos um auxiliar que não é temporal, modal ou aspectual, mas essencialmente pragmático. O corpus desta pesquisa é composto por sentenças do português brasileiro, falado e escrito, além de sentenças criadas para verificar a compatibilidade de chegar em contextos mais específicos.
This work approaches the verb chegar when it is followed by the preposition a and the infinitive form in Brazilian Portuguese. In the literature, there is no consensus about the treatment of the verb in this periphrasis. While some authors consider it an auxiliary verb, others do not. Our research resumed this discussion and showed that chegar, in the context above, confirms all the criteria indicated as indicators of auxiliarity. After that, we noticed that the values of tense, modality, voice and aspect are given to the auxiliaries. Then, we investigated, one by one, all the possibilities. The values of tense and voice were easily rejected. After this, we searched, in a general description of modality, a clue to conduct us deeper in the research. We did not found one and then we rejected this possibility too. The analysis about chegar as an aspectual auxiliary took more time and space in this work, because there are some authors who argues for this kind of analysis. First, we tried to characterize the grammatical aspect and observe whether the sentences could mean the aspectual categories included there. We concluded that they could not. Later, we analyzed the possibility of chegar to restrict some actional class. Again, the conclusions were negative. Bearing in mind the behavior of the periphrasis in the different contexts, we affirm that it was not possible to accept an aspectual value to chegar. At the end, we propose an analysis to this verb that takes into consideration not only the syntactic and semantic aspects, but also the pragmatic one: we show that when the speaker uses the auxiliary chegar, this speaker wishes to point to a scale, more specifically to its strongest argumentative point. In this way, we might have an auxiliary verb which is not temporal, modal or aspectual, but essentially pragmatic. The corpus of this research is composed of sentences from Brazilian Portuguese, spoken and written, and other sentences created to verify the compatibility of chegar in specific contexts.
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Oger, Kimberly. "La grammaire de DO et ses emplois dans l'anaphore verbale." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL121.

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Cette thèse propose une étude transversale des principales réalisations de DO dans l'anaphore verbale en anglais, à savoir : do this/that/it, do so, ellipse post-auxiliaire (EPA) et DO britannique. Chaque anaphorique fait l'objet d'une étude approfondie fondée sur un échantillon de plusieurs centaines d'occurrences authentiques prélevées dans le BNC et le COCA, ainsi que le corpus de Bos & Spenader (2011). Plusieurs variables sont analysées, notamment le registre, la nature grammaticale de DO, les propriétés sémantiques et syntaxiques du déclencheur d'antécédent, l’identité de sujet et d'état de choses, les alternances de polarité, de modalité, d'aspect, de temps et de voix ainsi que la présence éventuelle d'adjoints contrastifs ou non contrastifs.Une attention particulière est portée au DO britannique, c'est-à-dire l'emploi de formes non finies de DO anaphorique essentiellement limité au registre conversationnel de l'anglais britannique, qui n'a jamais fait l'objet d'une étude empirique auparavant. A partir d’un échantillon de 483 occurrences prélevées dans la composante orale du BNC et vérifiées systématiquement à l'écoute, cette étude met en lumière certaines caractéristiques socio-culturelles et situationnelles qui favorisent son utilisation, en plus de ses propriétés linguistiques et discursives. Ainsi, cette étude aboutit à la conclusion que le DO britannique constitue une réalisation particulière de l'EPA, qui met en œuvre des formes non finies du DO auxiliaire
This dissertation presents research across the main types of verb-phrase anaphora involving DO, viz. do this/that/it anaphora, do so anaphora, post-auxiliary ellipsis (PAE) and British English DO. Each anaphor underwent close analysis based on a sample of several hundreds of occurrences retrieved from the BNC and the COCA, as well as Bos & Spenader's (2011) corpus. Different variables were studied including register, the grammatical status of DO, semantic and syntactic properties of antecedent triggers, identity of subjects and states of affairs, the presence or absence of contrastive and non-contrastive adjuncts, as well as polar, modal, aspectual, temporal and voice alternations.One item of particular interest involves British English DO which bears a strong resemblance to PAE, except that it involves non-finite forms of DO and is generally restricted to British conversational English. Unlike PAE, British English DO has never before been the focus of study based on empirical data. In this research, 483 naturally-occurring examples taken from the Spoken component of the BNC as well as the accompanying metadata and recorded material were fully examined. Sociolinguistic and situational information was investigated, as were the linguistic properties and discourse conditions that make the use of British English DO felicitous. The result has led to a far better understanding of the phenomenon. In particular, it was found that British English DO can be considered a sub-type of PAE, which involves non-finite forms of auxiliary DO
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Juodytė, Lina. "Pusiau pagalbinių veiksmažodžių vaidmuo šiuolaikinėje prancūzų kalboje semantikos ir sintaksės požiūriu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100707_114719-27530.

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Pusiau pagalbinio veiksmažodžio vaidmuo šiuolaikinėje prancūzų kalboje semantikos ir sintaksės požiūriu yra labai ženklus, nes pusiau pagalbiniai veiksmažodžiai yra dažni ir grožinėje literatūroje, ir dokumentiniame žanre, ir buityje. Kalbininkų požiūris į pusiau pagalbinius veiksmažodžius skiriasi tik dėl paties pavadinimo: pusiau pagalbiniai, veikslo, pagalbiniai veikslo veiksmažodžiai, modaliniai veiksmažodžiai, veiksmažodžių junginiai, tačiau visi kalbininkai sutaria, kad pagalbiniai veiksmažodžiai prancūzų kalboje skiriasi nuo pagalbinių veiksmažodžių tuo, kad jie išsaugo didesnę ar mažesnę semantinės reikšmės dalį ir padeda išreikšti tuos niuansus, kurių neįmanoma išreikšti morfologinėmis formomis. Tai ir yra pusiau pagalbinių veiksmažodžių vaidmuo semantikos požiūriu. Sintaksės požiūriu pusiau pagalbiniai veiksmažodžiai sudaro nedalomą junginį su tariniu, todėl yra sudėtinė tarinio dalis, kuri paklūsta visoms tradicinės gramatikos taisyklėms: yra asmenuojama, kaitoma laikais, asmenimis, derinama su skaičiumi, gimine ir tt.
Semi-auxiliary verb's role in modern French syntax and semantics is very significant because the semi-auxiliary verbs are quite frequent in literature as well as periodicals. All the linguists agree on the fact, that auxiliary verbs or pure modals do not contain any semantic meaning and serve just for grammatical purposes to express future or past times and semi-auxiliary verbs in French do contain some part of its semantic meaning and have some serious impact on the main verb. Linguists’ approaches differ only in the denomination as a semi-auxiliary or auxiliary of aspect, auxiliary aspect verbs, modal verbs, verbs compounds and so on. The semi-auxiliary verbs role consists of its semantic sens as well as its syntactic functions, as semi-auxiliary verbs tend to express the shadings of a verb, that can’t be translated by morphological means and morphological forms. On the syntactic point of view, semi-auxiliary verbs form with the infinitive an integrated combination of the predicate. It is an integral part of the predicate, where the semi-auxiliary acts as a regular verb under all rules of grammar: changes in accordance with person, singular or plural, gender, mode, time etc.
Le rôle du verbe semi-auxiliaire dans le français contemporain du point de vue sémantico- syntaxique est très important, puisque les verbes semi auxiliaires sont fréquents en belles lettres ainsi que les périodiques et le quotidien. Les approches des linguistes envers le verbe semi-auxiliaire ne diffèrent qu’en dénomination : semi-auxiliaire, auxiliaire d’aspect, les aspectuels, les modaux, causatifs, perceptifs, périphrases verbales etc. Tous les linguistes soulignent que le verbe auxiliaire est dépourvu de tout sens, et le verbe semi-auxiliaire en garde une partie sémantique plus ou moins grande. Les semi-auxiliaires aident à exprimer les nuances quand les formes morphologiques ne peuvent pas les couvrir. Le verbe semi-auxiliaire est étroitement lié à l’expression de l’aspect. Le rôle sémantique des verbes semi-auxiliaires consiste à apporter des nuances au verbe principal ou même détourner son sens, tandis que le rôle syntaxique est plus concret et consiste à précéder et faire partie intégrante du prédicat et .
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Pinon, Catherine. "La nébuleuse de kān : classification des différents emplois de kāna/yakūnu à partir d'un corpus d'arabe contemporain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3078/document.

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Ce travail a pour objet d'étudier les emplois du verbe-outil kāna en arabe contemporain. 1ère partie : nous commençons par faire la synthèse des descriptions de kāna chez les grammairiens arabes et arabisants, en nous intéressant au contenu de ces descriptions ainsi qu'à leur forme et à leur adéquation avec la langue décrite. 2ème partie : pour travailler sur la langue contemporaine, nous optons pour la méthodologie de la linguistique de corpus. Après une discussion théorique et un état de la recherche en linguistique de corpus appliquée à la langue arabe, nous réfléchissons à l'élaboration de notre propre corpus, un corpus numérique, multigénérique et diatopique d'arabe contemporain écrit non dialectal. Comprenant 1,5 millions de mots, il contient à part égale des textes écrits après 2002 provenant de trois genres (blogs, littérature, presse) et de sept pays (Arabie Saoudite, Égypte, Liban, Maroc, Syrie, Tunisie, Yémen). 3ème partie : nous classifions les 15 000 occurrences du verbe kāna extraites de notre corpus et analysons leurs emplois. Nous quantifions les différents types d'emploi, de structures et d'expressions en nous efforçant de dégager les valeurs portées par ce verbe, en particulier les valeurs modales. Nous plaçons cette étude dans le cadre d'une écologie de la langue en étudiant le milieu diatopique et générique duquel les occurrences proviennent
This dissertation studies the various uses of the verb-tool kāna in contemporary Arabic. Part I. We start by reviewing how kāna has been described by Arab grammarians and Arabic specialists. We look at both content and form, evaluating the extent to which these descriptions conform to the language they describe. Part II. In order to examine the contemporary Arabic language we chose to use the corpus linguistics methodology. After outlining some theoretical considerations and providing a state of the art in corpus linguistics applied to the Arabic language, we discuss the constitution of our own corpus. This digital corpus includes three types of texts (blogs, literature, press) from seven different countries (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia and Yemen). Numbering altogether 1.5 million words, the texts were all published after 2002. Part III. We classify 15,000 instances of kāna and analyze their uses. We quantify the various functions, patterns and expressions through which kāna is deployed, seeking to identify the values conveyed by the verb, especially modal values. We locate this study within an ecology of language by scrutinizing the diatopic and generic settings of the various occurrences
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Rodero, Aline Garcia. "Construções com o verbo acabar em português brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-16112010-095738/.

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Neste trabalho, propomos uma análise do verbo acabar e de algumas das sentenças em que ele pode aparecer à luz de modelos formais para a análise linguística. Buscamos investigar as características sintático-semânticas dessas sentenças e procuramos identificar que tipo de estrutura sintática melhor representa sua formação. Travaglia (2004b) discute a poligramaticalização do verbo acabar e mostra que esse verbo está se gramaticalizando em sentidos diferentes. Esse autor aponta sete valores gramaticais em diferentes estágios de gramaticalização para tal verbo, além do sentido como verbo pleno. Sugerimos uma redução das oito possibilidades de interpretação de acabar sugeridas por Travaglia a cinco, pois quatro dos exemplos diferenciados por aquele autor parecem permitir uma mesma leitura. Nas sentenças que analisamos nesta dissertação, fazemos um recorte abrangendo o verbo acabar que traz uma idéia de resultado ou fase final de um evento, com uma leitura algo aconteceu e, no final das contas, a situação terminou de tal forma. Vários testes foram feitos para definir o estatuto desse verbo, como auxiliar ou como aspectualizador, porém esses testes não apontam para uma mesma direção. Observamos que acabar não apresenta um comportando uniforme, ora comportando-se como um verbo auxiliar, ora como um aspectualizador. Apesar do grande número de características que observamos para esse verbo comportando-se como um auxiliar, o consideramos como um aspectualizador (na terminologia de Wachowicz (2005, 2007)), principalmente pelo fato de operar sobre o intervalo de tempo denotado pelo verbo principal, restringindo esse intervalo para sua fase final ou para seu resultado, que é uma forte característica dos aspectualizadores, conforme Lunguinho (2005, 2009) e Wachowicz (2005, 2007). Esse verbo apresenta todas as características de alçamento perante os testes propostos por Davies & Dubinsky (2004). O verbo acabar está selecionando uma proposição em todos os exemplos em foco neste trabalho, uma small clause, e o sujeito lógico da predicação no núcleo dessa small clause alça para a posição de sujeito superficial. O verbo acabar funciona como um verbo inacusativo, selecionando apenas um argumento interno, no caso, uma SC. Ferreira (2009) prevê que um verbo inacusativo funcione como uma construção de alçamento. Essa autora considera os auxiliares como um subgrupo dos verbos inacusativos e esses, por sua vez, como um subgrupo dos verbos de alçamento. Por conta disso, prevemos que acabar esteja em uma intersecção entre os subgrupos de verbos inacusativos que selecionam uma SC, um CP, um DP e os verbos auxiliares, já que apresenta algumas características desse último. Comparamos as propriedades de acabar com algumas propriedades das passivas das línguas naturais, como discutido em Jaeggli (1986). Duas das propriedades das passivas das línguas naturais são também propriedades dos verbos inacusativos e, logo, dos verbos de alçamento: i) o NP na posição de sujeito não recebe papel-; e ii) o NP na posição de VP não recebe Caso verbal. Então, essas propriedades se verificam tanto para as passivas quanto para o verbo acabar, porém de formas um pouco diferentes. Sendo assim, essas construções podem ter uma mesma leitura, mas não a mesma estrutura sintática. É possível estabelecer uma relação entre as sentenças passivas e as estruturas de alçamento em que acabar pode ocorrer, devido ao fato de verbos auxiliares e inacusativos apresentarem propriedades de verbo de alçamento, como explicado em Ferreira (2009). Além disso, passivas podem apresentar algumas características comuns àquelas construções. Assim, obtemos uma leitura parecida para todas essas construções.
In this dissertation, we offer an analysis of the verb acabar and some sentences in which it can figure according to the formal linguistics. We investigate the syntactic-semantic characteristics of these sentences and try to identify what kind of syntactic structure best represents them. Travaglia (2004b) discusses the poligrammaticalization of the verb acabar and shows that this verb is grammaticalizing in different ways. This author shows seven grammar values in different levels of grammaticalization for this verb, besides its meaning as a lexical verb. We suggest a reduction of these eight possibilities to interpret acabar into five, since four examples analysed in different ways by that author seems to allow a same reading. In the sentences we analyse in this dissertation, we reduce the scope of our investigation only to the verb acabar that brings an idea of an event result or final phase, bringing a reading like: something happened and, by the end, the situation ended up like this. Many tests were done to define this verb as an auxiliary or aspectualizer, but these tests dont show the same results. We observe that acabar dont exhibit an uniform behaviour, sometimes working as an auxiliary verb, other times as an apectualizer. In spite of the great range of characteristics that we observe for this verb behaving as an auxiliary, we consider it an aspectualizer (following Wachowicz (2005, 2007)), mainly due to the way it works over the time interval expressed by the main verb, restricting this interval to its final phase or to its result, that is a strong characteristic for the aspectualizers, according to Lunguinho (2005, 2009) and Wachowicz (2005, 2007). This verb shows all raising characteristics according to the tests proposed by Davies & Dubinsky (2004). The verb acabar is selecting a proposition in all of the examples in focus on this dissertation, a small clause, and the logical subject of the predicate in the nucleus of this small clause raises to a superficial subject position. The verb acabar works as an unnacusative verb, selecting only one internal argument, in this case, a SC. Ferreira (2009) assumes that an unnucusative verb behaves as a raising structure. This author considers auxiliaries as a subgroup of the unnacusatives, and the later verbs, as a subgroup of the raising verbs. For this reason, we assume that acabar is in crossroads between unnacusative verbs subgroup that selects a SC, a CP, a DP and the auxiliary verbs, since it shows some characteristics of these verbs. We compare the properties of acabar with some properties of passives in natural languages, as discussed in Jaeggli (1986). Two of the three properties of passives in natural languages are also the properties of unnacusative verbs and, consequently, of raising verbs: i) the NP in the subject position doesnt receive a -role; and ii) the NP in the position of VP doesnt receive structural Case. So, these properties are true not only for the passives, but also for the verb acabar, but in different ways. Then, these constructions can have the same reading, but not the same syntactic structure. It is possible to establish a relation between these passive sentences and the raising structures in which acabar can occur, in spite of the fact that auxiliary verbs and unnacusatives present properties of raising verbs, as discussed in Ferreira (2009). Besides, passives can present some characteristics common to that constructions. Then, we get a similar reading to all of these constructions.
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Chaphole, Solomon Rampasane. "A study of the auxiliary in Sesotho." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15827.

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Bibliography: pages 208-219.
The Auxiliary is a sadly neglected field of study in Southern African languages. The study investigates the syntactic and semantic behaviour of Auxiliaries in Sesotho. Having established that there is a category AUX in Sesotho, we then developed a descriptive framework in which auxiliaries in Sesotho participate. In this framework we posit as basic the three grammatical-semantic categories of verb phrases, namely, Tense, Aspect and Modality. The next major step was to develop formal tests which we used as defining characteristics for auxiliaries. We had to do this because the formal tests developed for English, for instance, do not work for Sesotho. The data used in this study represents samples of Sesotho as spoken by the native speakers. This work makes contributions in two areas. First, to language studies in Southern Africa and then to general linguistic theory. Since Tswana, Northern Sotho and Southern Sotho form one language group predict that the formal 'tests' we have suggested can be applied in the two Sotho languages as well. As far as Aspect, Tense and Modality are concerned, it is where this study makes a major contribution. Nowhere in Sesotho grammatical studies has either a tense or aspectual system of Sesotho been suggested or discussed. Modality has not even been referred to. In this regard the study is breaking new ground. We hope that a fresh debate will be initiated leading to vibrant discussions on comparative work. A number of studies on syntactic typology have been made. This study affords Sesotho its rightful place in the AUX debate.
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Ferreira, Ediene Pena. "GramaticalizaÃÃo e auxiliaridade: um estudo pancrÃnico do verbo chegar." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3119.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Esta pesquisa, apoiada nos pressupostos teÃricos do funcionalismo lingÃÃstico de vertente norte-americana (Hopper, 1991; Hopper e Traugott, 1991; Bybee, 1994, 2003; GivÃn,1995), investiga construÃÃes com o verbo chegar, sob a perspectiva do processo de mudanÃa lingÃÃstica conhecido por gramaticalizaÃÃo. Por meio de um estudo de natureza pancrÃnica, o objetivo desta investigaÃÃo à flagrar os diferentes usos de chegar e sua ampliaÃÃo funcional, observando, entre outras coisas, como se manifesta o processo de auxiliarizaÃÃo na mudanÃa de seu estatuto categorial, de modo a identificar em que medida esse item pode ser considerado auxiliar. Com esse propÃsito, este trabalho utilizou o Corpus MÃnimo de Textos Escritos da LÃngua Portuguesa â COMTELPO (Figueiredo-Gomes e Pena-Ferreira, 2006), constituÃdo por diferentes gÃneros mais freqÃentemente usados na sociedade em diferentes Ãpocas â em Portugal, desde o sÃculo XIII, e no Brasil, do sÃculo XIX ao XX. Os gÃneros que compÃem este corpus foram agrupados da seguinte forma: GÃneros da ordem do narrar (GON), gÃneros da ordem do relatar (GOR), gÃneros da ordem do argumentar (GOA), gÃneros da ordem do expor (GOE) e gÃneros da ordem do instruir ou prescrever (GOP). Como corpus de apoio foram utilizadas amostras de fala do projeto NURC. Embora o objeto desse estudo nÃo se caracterize como um fenÃmeno variÃvel, na acepÃÃo clÃssica da teoria da variaÃÃo lingÃÃstica, foram utilizados como instrumental estatÃstico dois programas do pacote varbrul. Assume-se que necessidades comunicativas e cognitivas intervÃm nos diferentes usos de chegar, que se caracterizam por um percurso de abstratizaÃÃo crescente. A hipÃtese de que chegar està em processo de gramaticalizaÃÃo foi confirmada pelos resultados obtidos, e, depois de aplicados critÃrios de identificaÃÃo de auxiliares, revelou-se o comportamento hÃbrido de chegar, o que o faz ser considerado, nesta pesquisa, um verbo semi-auxiliar. NÃo sendo auxiliar prototÃpico, chegar nÃo expressa funÃÃes gramaticais prototÃpicas, como Tempo, Aspecto e Modo, mas, sim, funÃÃes gramaticais ligadas à construÃÃo textual-discursiva, como a de marcar mudanÃa temporal na narraÃÃo de eventos, limite, contra-expectativa e conseqÃÃncia.
This research, based on theoretical presuppositions of linguistic functionalism (Hopper, 1991; Hopper e Traugott, 1991; Bybee, 1994, 2003; GivÃn, 1995) investigates constructions with the verb chegar, in a processual perspective of linguistic change in grammaticalization. Through a study of panchronical character, the aim of this investigation is to identify different uses of the verb chegar and its functional amplitude, observing, in particular, how the auxiliarity process is manifested in categorial status change and in which manner this item can be considered an auxiliary verb. With that purpose in view, this work has used the Minimal Corpus of Portuguese Written Texts (By Figueiredo-Gomes and Pena-Ferreira, 2006), collected from the most frequent and different genres used in society in different centuries â in Portugal, since the 18th Century, and in Brazil, since 19th and 20th Centuries. The genres that compose this corpus were grouped in the following manner: narrating genres, reporting genres, arguing genres, exposing genres and instruction and prescribing genres. As supporting corpus, some speech samples from project NURC were also used. Although the object of this study is not characterized as a variable phenomenon, in the classic linguistic variation theoretical perspective, two Varbrul programs were used as statistical instruments. It is assumed that communicative and cognitive necessities intervene in the different uses of the verb chegar, which are characterized by an ongoing abstract continuum. The hypothesis that the verb chegar is in grammaticalization process was confirmed by the results obtained. The criteria applied to auxiliary verb identification, revealed a hybrid behavior of the verb chegar, this finding signals to the possibility of considering it a semi-auxiliary verb. As a non-prototypical auxiliary, the verb chegar does not express grammatical function such as Tense, Aspect and Mode, but a textual and discoursive one in order to mark temporal changing in narration of events, limits, contra-expectations and consequences.
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Sookgasem, Prapa. "Morphology, syntax and semantics of auxiliaries in Thai." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185107.

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This dissertation presents a study of three linguistic areas--morphology, syntax and semantics--of what have traditionally been called auxiliaries or auxiliary verbs in Thai, but what I call temporal verbs. My morphological analysis offers answers to long-term questions: What is the grammatical category of temporal verbs? What is the structure of sequences of these elements? And how are their syntactic discontinuities to be handled? My syntactic analysis investigates all possible positions of temporal verbs in both Subject-Verb-(Complement) and Verb-Subject-(Complement) sentences (Sookgasem 1989). Using Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (Pollard & Sag 1987) for my analysis, I focus on three interesting points: First, a problem with the Head Feature Principle when describing a temporal verb in a sentence. Second, a problem with the linear order of the VP constituent in the Verb-Subject-(Complement) constructions of temporal verbs. And third, a position of some temporal verbs in relation to part of its VP complement. For the semantic analysis of temporal verbs, I focus on the temporal interpretation of the Future and Aspect verbs. I argue that Thai is a tense language. To support this, I analyse Aspect in Thai and examine tense interpretation in simple sentences and all types of complex sentences. Based on the evidence, I propose a tense system in Thai. I provide definitions of Reference Time and Tenseness. I propose a Tense Assigner Hierarchy, a relation named Overlap, a semantic model for tense interpretation, and the truth conditions for tensed sentences and clauses. To provide an accurate account of tense interpretation in Thai, I analyse eventualities which include Activities, Accomplishments, Achievements and States.
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Books on the topic "Auxiliary verb DO"

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Anderson, Gregory D. S. Auxiliary verb constructions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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Anderson, Gregory D. S. Auxiliary verb constructions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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Auxiliary verb constructions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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The Tamil auxiliary verb system. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2005.

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Atatürk Kültür, Dil, ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu (Turkey), ed. Etmek fiiliyle yapılan birleşik fiiller ve tamlayıcılarla kullanılışı. Ankara: TDK, 2001.

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Ramos, Margarita Alonso. Las construcciones con verbo de apoyo. Madrid: Visor Libros, 2004.

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Las construcciones con verbo de apoyo. Madrid: Visor Libros, 2004.

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Dynamics of verbal extension in Tamil. Trivandrum, Kerala: Dravidian Linguistics Association of India, 1985.

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Auxiliary verb constructions in Altai-Sayan Turkic. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2004.

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Grabari verlutsakan bayeri arzhuytʻě. Erevan: "Van Aryan", 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Auxiliary verb DO"

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Paesani, Kate. "Auxiliary choice and pronominal verb constructions:." In A Romance Perspective on Language Knowledge and Use, 327. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.238.24pae.

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Burridge, Kate. "From modal auxiliary to lexical verb." In Historical Linguistics 1995, 19. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.162.03bur.

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Meza, Ivan, and Luis Pineda. "The Spanish Auxiliary Verb System in HPSG." In Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, 200–209. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45715-1_18.

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Zagona, Karen. "Auxiliary Verbs in $$ \bar X $$ -Theory." In Verb Phrase Syntax: A Parametric Study of English and Spanish, 27–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2717-9_2.

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Sikora, Dorota. "Is the Polish Verb iść an Auxiliary to be?" In Studies in Language Companion Series, 123–38. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.146.07sik.

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Kirk, John M. "Chapter 10. The modal auxiliary verb may and change in Irish English." In Studies in Language Variation, 183–202. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.21.10kir.

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Butt, John, and Carmen Benjamin. "Modal auxiliary verbs." In A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish, 307–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8368-4_21.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs I." In Modern Korean Grammar Workbook, 50–53. New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] | Series: Routledge Modern Grammars: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315178158-13.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs II." In Modern Korean Grammar Workbook, 54–56. New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] | Series: Routledge Modern Grammars: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315178158-14.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs III." In Modern Korean Grammar Workbook, 57–60. New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] | Series: Routledge Modern Grammars: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315178158-15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Auxiliary verb DO"

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GULSHODA, PhD Yunusova. "ON THE ISSUE OF "LEADING VERB + SUPPORTING VERB" (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE AUXILIARY VERB 싶다 [SIPDA]." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-34.

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The opinion of the speaker is important to the listener. The attitude of the speaker towards the content of the text of the person receiving the speech has its influence in many ways. How the listener perceives the information also depends on his personality, knowledge, experience, psychological state at the time of the speech, his thinking ability and other characteristics. In this case, the expression of the attitude to the action implies that the speaker speaks to himself. In this article, we will consider how this condition is expressed by the auxiliary verb in 싶다 [sipda]. In this case, the speaker analyzes his wishes, the information in the form of information about what he wants to do.
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Tudaji, Rehmitulla, Guzalnur Tursun, and Osman Juma. "Usage and Chinese Translation of Uyghur Auxiliary Verb “Çiq-”*." In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Education, Language, Art and Inter-cultural Communication (ICELAIC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.191217.175.

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SANGHEUM, Yeon. "UNDERSTANDING OF UZBEK AND KOREAN AUXILIARY VERBS." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-28.

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Uzbek and Korean are characterized by agglutination. When comparing and contrasting the two languages, we can find quite a few similarities in the conjugation of verbs, especially auxiliary verbs, where the characteristics of the agglutinating language are most prominent. In the use of auxiliary verbs, the two languages ​​are similar in semantically as well as in simple structural aspects, and there are many cases where the same meaning is expressed using the auxiliary verb. On the other hand, there are differences as well, but there is still a lack of comparative studies between the two languages ​​on the corresponding grammar item. In addition, errors in the most common and widely used Google translator can also be found. Although there were no major problems in conveying simple meanings, sentence construction using auxiliary verbs was not performed properly. By briefly introducing these problems, it was found that the necessity for contrast study and corpus construction between the two languages was required.
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Mahanani, Widiarsih. "An Analisis of Students’ Ability in Using ‘Have” as Verb and Auxiliary by Students at Faculty of Languages and Culture of UNTAG Semarang." In Seminar Nasional Struktural 2018. Semarang, Indonesia: Dian Nuswantoro University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33810/274172.

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Wang, Feng, Quan Yuan, Tao Liu, and Xuping Zhang. "Measuring Very Low Frequency with Phase-OTDR assisted by an Auxiliary Interferometer." In Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Pacific Rim. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleopr.2018.th2l.6.

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Ingraham, Patrick J., Andy W. Clements, Tiago Ribeiro, Michael A. Reuter, Merlin Fisher-Levine, Joshua Hoblitt, Robert H. Lupton, et al. "Vera C. Rubin Observatory auxiliary telescope commissioning as a control system pathfinder." In Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy VI, edited by Juan C. Guzman and Jorge Ibsen. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2561112.

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Gomez Diaz, Julian Camilo, Amir Tofighi Zavareh, Lester Boampong, and Sebastian Hoyos. "Blocker-Tolerant RF-to-Digital Linearization With a Very Nonlinear Auxiliary Path." In 2019 IEEE 62nd International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2019.8885260.

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Lee, Hyang-Mi, and Mun-Koo Kang. "An Analysis of English Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Middle School English Textbooks." In Education 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.127.36.

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Milicevic, Jasmina. "Cliticization of Serbian Personal Pronouns and Auxiliary Verbs. A Dependency-Based Account." In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Dependency Linguistics (Depling, SyntaxFest 2019). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-7708.

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Rajani, Nazneen Fatema, and Raymond J. Mooney. "Stacking With Auxiliary Features." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/367.

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Ensembling methods are well known for improving prediction accuracy. However, they are limited in the sense that they cannot effectively discriminate among component models. In this paper, we propose stacking with auxiliary features that learns to fuse additional relevant information from multiple component systems as well as input instances to improve performance. We use two types of auxiliary features -- instance features and provenance features. The instance features enable the stacker to discriminate across input instances and the provenance features enable the stacker to discriminate across component systems. When combined together, our algorithm learns to rely on systems that not just agree on an output but also the provenance of this output in conjunction with the properties of the input instance. We demonstrate the success of our approach on three very different and challenging natural language and vision problems: Slot Filling, Entity Discovery and Linking, and ImageNet Object Detection. We obtain new state-of-the-art results on the first two tasks and significant improvements on the ImageNet task, thus verifying the power and generality of our approach.
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