Academic literature on the topic 'Auxiliary verbs'

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Journal articles on the topic "Auxiliary verbs"

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Ayodimeji, Akintoye, Festu. "A Comparative Study of French and English Auxiliary Verbs." IJOHMN (International Journal online of Humanities) 4, no. 4 (August 4, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijohmn.v4i4.52.

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Auxiliary verbs in English and French languages are very germane in constructing sentences in both languages. Therefore, this study examines the way auxiliary verbs are used in English and French Languages; and some features where learners of either language may encounter some difficulties in the course of learning. Our attention is drawn to auxiliary verbs because verb is what that makes any sentence functions the way it is. Verb is one of the most important parts of speech in French grammar and also in English .It is through verb that one knows when an action takes place. When a verb helps another verb to form one of its tenses in a sentence, such verb can be said to be auxiliary. This paper also focuses on auxiliary verbs and how verbs are used in the past and present indications. Auxiliary verbs cannot stand or function alone without relying on the main verb in both English and French languages. Finally, we shall concurrently consider in this paper how semi-auxiliary verbs function as modal auxiliary in French.
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Murat, Atar. "COMPOUND VERBS IN UYGHUR TURKISH." Vestnik Bishkek state university af. K. Karasaev 2, no. 60 (April 1, 2022): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bhu/2022.60.51.

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Compound verbs, which are one of the problematic topics in Turkish, are classified in my study under the names «noun + auxiliary verb» and «adverb + auxiliary verb». In the dictionary I analyzed, 72 examples of compound verbs formed with the element noun + auxiliary verb were found. Fifty-four examples of compound verbs formed with adverbs + auxiliary verbs were found. Compound verbs formed with verbal verbs could not be identified. By scanning more than one text in Uyghur Turkish, I can detail the topic of compound verbs and reinforce it with many new examples. Compound verbs can be grouped under one heading. Adjective-verbs, adverb-verbs and nouns (i.e., gerunds) become nouns due to their constructive function as suffixes. For this reason, we can include all compound verbs in compound verbs formed by the noun + verb scheme.
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Hu, Bo, and Hong Chen. "On the Raising and Control of Modal Auxiliary Verbs." International Journal of Linguistics 12, no. 4 (August 27, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v12i4.17595.

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Modal auxiliary verbs are a type of verb that expresses the speaker’s attitude and opinion towards a proposition or an event. This paper investigates the syntactic features of modal auxiliary verbs in different languages from the aspects of semantic constraints, the deletion of complement clauses, constituent movement, pseudo-cleft construction and temporal and aspect markers, and analyzes relevant hypotheses of modal auxiliary verbs under the framework of generative grammar. We challenge the assumption that modal verbs are raising verbs, argue that modal auxiliary verbs should be analyzed as raising or control verbs.
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Massini-Cagliari, Gladis. "Sobre o Status Morfofonológico e Prosódico das Formas Futuras em Português Arcaico (On the Morpho- Phonological and Prosodical Status of The Future Form in Archaic Portuguese )." Estudos da Língua(gem) 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/el.v3i1.1010.

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O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir o status morfofonológico das formas verbais de futuro em Português Arcaico, a partir de evidências provindas de seu comportamento prosódico: se formas simples, constituídas a partir da flexão regular da base, ou se formas compostas, constituídas a partir da junção do infinitivo com um auxiliar flexionado. Apesar de tradicionalmente as formas verbaisde futuro serem consideradas como simples, a sua pauta prosódica sugere que se trata de compostos. Também sustenta a consideração de sua natureza como composta o fato de somente os tempos futuros aceitarem mesóclise, variação com formas com o auxiliar no início – viverey ou ey a viver, viveria ou ia a viver – e “coordenação” de dois verbos, a partir de uma só “terminação”.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fonologia. Português Arcaico. Verbos. Compostos. Prosódia. Acento.ABSTRACTThis paper aims to discuss the morphophonological status of future tenses verbal forms in Archaic Portuguese. From the viewpoint of word formation, these verbal forms can be interpreted as the result of the regular inflexion of the base, or as compounds, formed by the main verb infinitive followed by an inflected auxiliary verb. Evidences are provided mainly by their prosodic behaviour, in comparison to other verbs. Although future forms are traditionally considered as simple verbal forms, their prosodic behaviour suggests that they are in fact compounds. Arguments that support this position are: the possibility of collocation of the clitic pronoun only in the middle future verbs; the variation with auxiliary initial verbal expressions (viverey or ey a viver, viveria or ia a viver), and the coordination of two verbs with only one future “mark”.KEYWORDS: Archaic Portuguese. Verbs. Compounds. Prosod. Stress.
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Choi, Bumyong. "Collostructional Analysis of Korean Auxiliary Verbs -e twu- and -e noh-." Korean Language in America 17, Special Issue 2012 (January 1, 2012): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/42922365.

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ABSTRACT Focusing on the Korean auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh-, this study attempts to introduce a corpus analysis to detect the distinctiveness of two synonymous constructions. As the Korean verb twu- 'to put' and noh- 'to put' are considered synonymous, the corresponding auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh-also have been commonly assumed to be synonyms. In this study, the syntactic and semantic features of the Korean auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh are examined based on the actual usage in Korean corpus data. Using methods of distinctive collexeme analysis, two main questions are investigated: whether both auxiliary verbs can be used interchangeably as synonyms and what their distinctive features are. The results of the analysis provide three semantic groups of main verbs that attract to each auxiliary verb: verbs of preservation, cognitive activities and releasing for -e twu-; verbs of motion, dispersion and creation for -e noh-. Based on the semantic analysis of the co-occurred main verbs, this study argues that each auxiliary verb in question has its own distinctive semantic features; and that distinctive semantic features of main verbs are influential factors in choosing one particular auxiliary verb from two synonymous auxiliary verb constructions. This study also explored how the distinctive collexeme analysis could benefit to teaching two synonymous constructions and the potential of cognitive linguistic approaches on Korean language instructions. Based on the result of the case study, I suggested that the list of distinctive collexemes could provide a practical application in language instruction for the Korean auxiliary verb pair, which has similar semantic features.
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Choi, Bumyong. "Collostructional Analysis of Korean Auxiliary Verbs -e twu- and -e noh-." Korean Language in America 17, Special Issue 2012 (January 1, 2012): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/korelangamer.17.2012.0187.

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ABSTRACT Focusing on the Korean auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh-, this study attempts to introduce a corpus analysis to detect the distinctiveness of two synonymous constructions. As the Korean verb twu- 'to put' and noh- 'to put' are considered synonymous, the corresponding auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh-also have been commonly assumed to be synonyms. In this study, the syntactic and semantic features of the Korean auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh are examined based on the actual usage in Korean corpus data. Using methods of distinctive collexeme analysis, two main questions are investigated: whether both auxiliary verbs can be used interchangeably as synonyms and what their distinctive features are. The results of the analysis provide three semantic groups of main verbs that attract to each auxiliary verb: verbs of preservation, cognitive activities and releasing for -e twu-; verbs of motion, dispersion and creation for -e noh-. Based on the semantic analysis of the co-occurred main verbs, this study argues that each auxiliary verb in question has its own distinctive semantic features; and that distinctive semantic features of main verbs are influential factors in choosing one particular auxiliary verb from two synonymous auxiliary verb constructions. This study also explored how the distinctive collexeme analysis could benefit to teaching two synonymous constructions and the potential of cognitive linguistic approaches on Korean language instructions. Based on the result of the case study, I suggested that the list of distinctive collexemes could provide a practical application in language instruction for the Korean auxiliary verb pair, which has similar semantic features.
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Viale, Greta, Andrea Briglia, Massimo Mucciardi, and Anna Carlier. "To be or to have? That is the question." Isogloss. Open Journal of Romance Linguistics 10, no. 3 (May 9, 2024): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/isogloss.346.

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For the first time, systematic research of auxiliary selection in Italian is proposed using corpus analysis and natural language processing (NLP). By combining these methods, we seek to find the most significant factors that influence the choice of auxiliary in intransitive verbs with double auxiliation. These verbs have often been studied in the literature (e.g., peripheral verbs [Sorace 2000]), but they have never been addressed in a comprehensive way (Giancarli 2015). The findings emphasize the most significant factors influencing the choice of ‘be’ or ‘have’ based on semantic, syntactic, and morphological aspects. On the basis of corpus analysis and statistical tools (CHAID and Random Forest) evidence, we propose the internal cause and the human trait as the possible factors useful in untangling the knot of auxiliary selection within Italian verbs with double auxiliation. This article also presents a reflection on semi-auxiliary verbs, a particular group of Italian verbs that operate as semi-auxiliary by being followed by an infinitive. For this group of verbs, we propose that auxiliary selection depends not only on the semantics of the verb or of the subject, but mainly on the auxiliary selection of the infinitive.
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Lestari, Dian, and Ferhadius Endi. "Analisis Kontrastif Bahasa Prancis dan Bahasa Inggris Sebagai Dasar Penentuan Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Prancis Pemula." Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 7, no. 1 (January 19, 2024): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/ganaya.v7i1.2841.

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The study aimed to describe the similarities and differences of French and English verbs for designing for French learning models for beginners. This reseach is a qualitative descriptive study, the data were collected using observational method by taking notes directly from the data sources, and data were analyzed using distributional method. The result shows the similarity of French and English verbs as known from their verb formations by using the process of conjugation. French and English verbs are different where French is fully inflected while English is partially inflected. French verbs are influenced by person and number while English verbs are not influenced by person dan number. Past marker in French is auxiliary (être and avoir) followed by participe passé. The verb with auxiliare être will undergo a process of affixation with the addition of suffixes -e, -s, -es on the participe passé (core verb). Past marker in English is suffixe –ed/-d for regular verbs while irregular verbs will undergo changes based on the certain rules.
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Mirmukhamedov, Osimjon T., and Bahodurjon P. Ashrapov. "Semantical peculiarities and level of usage of nominal compound verbs with non-active auxiliary verbs in “Ta`rikhi Bayhaqi” (The History of Bayhaqi) (based on the example of nominal archaic component)." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 6 (November 2023): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.6-23.068.

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The article dwells on the issue concerned with semantical peculiarities and level of usage of nominal compound verbs with non-active auxiliary verbs on the example of a nominal archaic component in the historical writing entitled as “Ta`rikhi Bayhaqi”. There is noted a large considerable number of nominal compound verbs used as auxiliary verbs in terms of their original meanings. It is worth mentioning that such kinds of verbs were used as nominal components consisting of the following items: nominal base of certain simple nominal verbs; nominal base of a number of causative forms; verbs formed from on base of the present tense of verbs by dint of suffixes; adjectives and verb adjectives, etc. Adducing the result of the analysis concerned with the theme explored one can come to the conclusion that the number of non-active auxiliary verbs is not less in terms of their usage. Some of them were active in verb-building appertaining to the Middle Persian language, but they lost this peculiarity in the new period of Tajik language development.
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Putri, Amara Aulia, Erni Sukesi, and Zahrida. "EFL Students’ Difficulties on Using Subject-Verb Agreement." Journal of English Education and Teaching 7, no. 3 (October 27, 2023): 703–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/jeet.7.3.703-716.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the common subject-verb agreement difficulties that students encounter in the English Education Study Program at the University of Bengkulu. This study adopted a qualitative methodology. The population was the sixth semester of the 2022/2023 a English Education Study Program. The sample of this study was 33 students consisting of 11 males and 22 females. Data collection was done through validated and reliable tests consisting of 30 items representing 6 subject-verb agreements; full verbs, linking verbs, modals, auxiliary be, auxiliary have, and auxiliary do. Furthermore, this study used simple statistics (percentage and average) to analyze the data. In accordance to the study's findings, the majority of learners have struggles using subject-verb agreements. Found 540 obstacles in the test. The students' own difficulties were difficulties using Full Verbs (18%), Linking Verbs (21.5%), Modals (23%), Auxiliary be (16.5%), Auxiliary have (14%), and Auxiliary do (7%). Modal becomes the dominant difficulty for students. It was possible that students have difficulty understanding patterns in modals and did not know the term modals themselves. Moreover, students also could not identify the subject and verb in the sentence, lacked vocabulary, did not practice often, and did not recheck wrong answers. This result suggests that an appropriate method is still needed to improve understanding with subject-verb agreement.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Auxiliary verbs"

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Juodytė, Lina. "Pusiau pagalbinių veiksmažodžių vaidmuo šiuolaikinėje prancūzų kalboje semantikos ir sintaksės požiūriu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100707_114719-27530.

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Pusiau pagalbinio veiksmažodžio vaidmuo šiuolaikinėje prancūzų kalboje semantikos ir sintaksės požiūriu yra labai ženklus, nes pusiau pagalbiniai veiksmažodžiai yra dažni ir grožinėje literatūroje, ir dokumentiniame žanre, ir buityje. Kalbininkų požiūris į pusiau pagalbinius veiksmažodžius skiriasi tik dėl paties pavadinimo: pusiau pagalbiniai, veikslo, pagalbiniai veikslo veiksmažodžiai, modaliniai veiksmažodžiai, veiksmažodžių junginiai, tačiau visi kalbininkai sutaria, kad pagalbiniai veiksmažodžiai prancūzų kalboje skiriasi nuo pagalbinių veiksmažodžių tuo, kad jie išsaugo didesnę ar mažesnę semantinės reikšmės dalį ir padeda išreikšti tuos niuansus, kurių neįmanoma išreikšti morfologinėmis formomis. Tai ir yra pusiau pagalbinių veiksmažodžių vaidmuo semantikos požiūriu. Sintaksės požiūriu pusiau pagalbiniai veiksmažodžiai sudaro nedalomą junginį su tariniu, todėl yra sudėtinė tarinio dalis, kuri paklūsta visoms tradicinės gramatikos taisyklėms: yra asmenuojama, kaitoma laikais, asmenimis, derinama su skaičiumi, gimine ir tt.
Semi-auxiliary verb's role in modern French syntax and semantics is very significant because the semi-auxiliary verbs are quite frequent in literature as well as periodicals. All the linguists agree on the fact, that auxiliary verbs or pure modals do not contain any semantic meaning and serve just for grammatical purposes to express future or past times and semi-auxiliary verbs in French do contain some part of its semantic meaning and have some serious impact on the main verb. Linguists’ approaches differ only in the denomination as a semi-auxiliary or auxiliary of aspect, auxiliary aspect verbs, modal verbs, verbs compounds and so on. The semi-auxiliary verbs role consists of its semantic sens as well as its syntactic functions, as semi-auxiliary verbs tend to express the shadings of a verb, that can’t be translated by morphological means and morphological forms. On the syntactic point of view, semi-auxiliary verbs form with the infinitive an integrated combination of the predicate. It is an integral part of the predicate, where the semi-auxiliary acts as a regular verb under all rules of grammar: changes in accordance with person, singular or plural, gender, mode, time etc.
Le rôle du verbe semi-auxiliaire dans le français contemporain du point de vue sémantico- syntaxique est très important, puisque les verbes semi auxiliaires sont fréquents en belles lettres ainsi que les périodiques et le quotidien. Les approches des linguistes envers le verbe semi-auxiliaire ne diffèrent qu’en dénomination : semi-auxiliaire, auxiliaire d’aspect, les aspectuels, les modaux, causatifs, perceptifs, périphrases verbales etc. Tous les linguistes soulignent que le verbe auxiliaire est dépourvu de tout sens, et le verbe semi-auxiliaire en garde une partie sémantique plus ou moins grande. Les semi-auxiliaires aident à exprimer les nuances quand les formes morphologiques ne peuvent pas les couvrir. Le verbe semi-auxiliaire est étroitement lié à l’expression de l’aspect. Le rôle sémantique des verbes semi-auxiliaires consiste à apporter des nuances au verbe principal ou même détourner son sens, tandis que le rôle syntaxique est plus concret et consiste à précéder et faire partie intégrante du prédicat et .
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Chaphole, Solomon Rampasane. "A study of the auxiliary in Sesotho." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15827.

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Bibliography: pages 208-219.
The Auxiliary is a sadly neglected field of study in Southern African languages. The study investigates the syntactic and semantic behaviour of Auxiliaries in Sesotho. Having established that there is a category AUX in Sesotho, we then developed a descriptive framework in which auxiliaries in Sesotho participate. In this framework we posit as basic the three grammatical-semantic categories of verb phrases, namely, Tense, Aspect and Modality. The next major step was to develop formal tests which we used as defining characteristics for auxiliaries. We had to do this because the formal tests developed for English, for instance, do not work for Sesotho. The data used in this study represents samples of Sesotho as spoken by the native speakers. This work makes contributions in two areas. First, to language studies in Southern Africa and then to general linguistic theory. Since Tswana, Northern Sotho and Southern Sotho form one language group predict that the formal 'tests' we have suggested can be applied in the two Sotho languages as well. As far as Aspect, Tense and Modality are concerned, it is where this study makes a major contribution. Nowhere in Sesotho grammatical studies has either a tense or aspectual system of Sesotho been suggested or discussed. Modality has not even been referred to. In this regard the study is breaking new ground. We hope that a fresh debate will be initiated leading to vibrant discussions on comparative work. A number of studies on syntactic typology have been made. This study affords Sesotho its rightful place in the AUX debate.
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Bertucci, Roberlei Alves. "A auxiliaridade do verbo chegar em português brasileiro." Universidade Federal do Paraná, 2007. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/551.

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Este trabalho analisa o verbo chegar em sentenças do PB, quando ele é seguido de a+infinitivo. Na literatura, não há consenso no tratamento do verbo na perífrase em foco. Enquanto alguns o consideram um auxiliar, outros não. Esta pesquisa retomou essa discussão e mostrou que o verbo chegar, no contexto estabelecido, responde afirmativamente a todos os critérios apontados como caracterizadores de auxiliaridade. Tendo isso estabelecido, observamos que são atribuídos aos auxiliares os valores de tempo, voz, modo e aspecto. Assim, fomos investigando, uma a uma, todas essas possibilidades. Os valores de tempo e voz foram facilmente descartados. Em seguida, buscamos numa descrição genérica de modalidade alguma pista que nos fizesse ir mais a fundo. Não encontramos e, por isso, descartamos também essa possibilidade. A análise de chegar como auxiliar aspectual tomou mais tempo e espaço neste trabalho, porque há alguns autores que assumem uma análise desse tipo. Primeiro, buscamos caracterizar o aspecto gramatical e ver se as sentenças objetos de investigação poderiam denotar as categorias de aspecto incluídas aí. Concluímos que não. Analisamos, depois, a possibilidade de chegar restringir alguma classe acional. Novamente, os resultados foram negativos. Tendo em vista o comportamento da perífrase nos diferentes contextos, afirmamos que não era possível assumir um valor aspectual para o verbo em questão. Por fim, propomos uma análise para esse verbo que leva em conta não apenas os aspectos sintáticos e semânticos, mas também os pragmáticos: mostramos que o falante, ao utilizar o auxiliar chegar deseja apontar para uma escala, mais precisamente para o ponto argumentativo mais forte dessa escala. Dessa forma, teríamos um auxiliar que não é temporal, modal ou aspectual, mas essencialmente pragmático. O corpus desta pesquisa é composto por sentenças do português brasileiro, falado e escrito, além de sentenças criadas para verificar a compatibilidade de chegar em contextos mais específicos.
This work approaches the verb chegar when it is followed by the preposition a and the infinitive form in Brazilian Portuguese. In the literature, there is no consensus about the treatment of the verb in this periphrasis. While some authors consider it an auxiliary verb, others do not. Our research resumed this discussion and showed that chegar, in the context above, confirms all the criteria indicated as indicators of auxiliarity. After that, we noticed that the values of tense, modality, voice and aspect are given to the auxiliaries. Then, we investigated, one by one, all the possibilities. The values of tense and voice were easily rejected. After this, we searched, in a general description of modality, a clue to conduct us deeper in the research. We did not found one and then we rejected this possibility too. The analysis about chegar as an aspectual auxiliary took more time and space in this work, because there are some authors who argues for this kind of analysis. First, we tried to characterize the grammatical aspect and observe whether the sentences could mean the aspectual categories included there. We concluded that they could not. Later, we analyzed the possibility of chegar to restrict some actional class. Again, the conclusions were negative. Bearing in mind the behavior of the periphrasis in the different contexts, we affirm that it was not possible to accept an aspectual value to chegar. At the end, we propose an analysis to this verb that takes into consideration not only the syntactic and semantic aspects, but also the pragmatic one: we show that when the speaker uses the auxiliary chegar, this speaker wishes to point to a scale, more specifically to its strongest argumentative point. In this way, we might have an auxiliary verb which is not temporal, modal or aspectual, but essentially pragmatic. The corpus of this research is composed of sentences from Brazilian Portuguese, spoken and written, and other sentences created to verify the compatibility of chegar in specific contexts.
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Sookgasem, Prapa. "Morphology, syntax and semantics of auxiliaries in Thai." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185107.

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This dissertation presents a study of three linguistic areas--morphology, syntax and semantics--of what have traditionally been called auxiliaries or auxiliary verbs in Thai, but what I call temporal verbs. My morphological analysis offers answers to long-term questions: What is the grammatical category of temporal verbs? What is the structure of sequences of these elements? And how are their syntactic discontinuities to be handled? My syntactic analysis investigates all possible positions of temporal verbs in both Subject-Verb-(Complement) and Verb-Subject-(Complement) sentences (Sookgasem 1989). Using Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (Pollard & Sag 1987) for my analysis, I focus on three interesting points: First, a problem with the Head Feature Principle when describing a temporal verb in a sentence. Second, a problem with the linear order of the VP constituent in the Verb-Subject-(Complement) constructions of temporal verbs. And third, a position of some temporal verbs in relation to part of its VP complement. For the semantic analysis of temporal verbs, I focus on the temporal interpretation of the Future and Aspect verbs. I argue that Thai is a tense language. To support this, I analyse Aspect in Thai and examine tense interpretation in simple sentences and all types of complex sentences. Based on the evidence, I propose a tense system in Thai. I provide definitions of Reference Time and Tenseness. I propose a Tense Assigner Hierarchy, a relation named Overlap, a semantic model for tense interpretation, and the truth conditions for tensed sentences and clauses. To provide an accurate account of tense interpretation in Thai, I analyse eventualities which include Activities, Accomplishments, Achievements and States.
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Kiraz, Meryem. "A Construction Grammar Approach to How Turkish Learners of English Use Auxiliary Verbs in Terms of Tense, Aspect and Voice." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1279589745.

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Caines, Andrew Paul. "You talking to me? : zero auxiliary constructions in British English." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609153.

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Brody, Parker. "INFERENTIAL-REALIZATIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND AFFIX ORDERING: EVIDENCE FROM THE AGREEMENT PATTERNS OF BASQUE AUXILIARY VERBS." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ltt_etds/2.

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“No aspect of Basque linguistics has received more attention over the years than the morphology of the verb.” (Trask 1981:1) The current study examines the complex morphological agreement patterns found in the Basque auxiliary verb system as a case in point for discussion of theoretical approaches to inflectional morphology. The traditional syntax-driven treatment of these auxiliaries is contrasted with an inferential, morphology-driven analysis within the Paradigm Function Morphology framework. Additionally, a computational implementation of the current analysis using the DATR lexical knowledge representation language is discussed.
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Davis, Henry. "The acquisition of the English auxiliary system and its relation to linguistic theory." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26987.

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This thesis explores the connection between linguistic theory, as embodied in a version of the Government - Binding (GB) model of syntax, and the parameter-setting theory of language acquisition. In Chapter 2, it is argued that by incorporating the criterion of epistemological priority, syntactic theory can move closer towards becoming a plausible model of language acquisition. A version of GB theory is developed which adopts this criterion, leading to several modifications, including the derivation of X-bar theory from more "primitive" grammatical sub-components, and a revision of the Projection Principle. This model is converted into a procedure for phrase-structure acquisition, employing sets of Canonical Government Configurations and Percolation Principles to map Case- and θ-relations onto phrase-structure trees. The chapter ends with a discussion of the "missing-subject" stage in the acquisition of English. Chapter 3 concerns auxiliaries. It is argued that parametric variation in auxiliary systems can be reduced to levels of association between INFL and V. The question of irregularity is dealt with through the Designation Convention of Emonds (1985), which makes a distinction between open- and closed- class grammatical elements, and a Parallel Distributed Processing model of learning. The last part of the chapter investigates the learning of the English auxiliary system, and in particular the errors known as "auxiliary overmarking". Chapter 4 investigates the syntax of Subject Auxiliary Inversion (SAI)-type rules. An account of inversion is developed based on the theory of predication, in which inversion-inducing elements are treated as "A'-type" subjects which must be linked to AGR in order to satisfy conditions on Predicate-licensing. A parametrization is developed based on the cross-linguistic examination of SAI-type rules. Chapter 5 concerns the acquisition of SAI. It is argued that there are no invariant "stages" in the development of inversion; rather, a proportion of children misanalyze (WH + contracted auxiliary) sequences as (WH + AGR-clitic) sequences and formulate grammars in which SAI is unnecessary. A "two-tiered" theory of syntactic acquisition is proposed to account for the observed developmental patterns.
Arts, Faculty of
Linguistics, Department of
Graduate
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Adéwọlé, Lawrence Olufemi. "The categorial status and the functions of the Yoruba auxiliary verbs with some structural analyses in GPSG." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25364.

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Ghadgoud, Khawla. "Negation patterns in Libyan Arabic and Modern Arabic varieties." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/negation-patterns-in-libyan-arabic-and-modern-arabic-varieties(1e47b467-2384-4d77-a4cd-9dd32852af87).html.

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This thesis provides a general descriptive account of the morpho-syntactic expression of negation in fifteen Modern Arabic varieties and investigates three of these varieties in more depth. The thesis contributes to the typological literature on negation through a survey of the negation patterns in a number of related and geographically close varieties. It sheds light on the most influential factors that unify the negation patterns found in these varieties, which are predicate type and form. It is found that the type of the predicate, such as verbal and nonverbal predicates, as well as the form of the verbal predicate, such as active participle as opposed to other verbal forms, play an essential role in determining the negation markers used. In addition, this thesis gives a comprehensive account of a number of negative elements in Libyan Arabic, namely the negative auxiliary, negative particle mʕəš, and miš as a metalinguistic marker, and establishes the morpho-syntactic properties and pragmatic functions of these elements. It concludes that the negative auxiliary is used for a specific pragmatic function, which is to deny assumed background information. It also finds that even though miš is not a negation marker exclusive for metalinguistic negation, it is a special metalinguistic marker that signals the metalinguistic reading of verbal sentences.
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Books on the topic "Auxiliary verbs"

1

Nair, N. Rajasekharan. Auxiliary verbs in Malayalam. Annamalainagar: Annamalai University, 1990.

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Dynamics of verbal extension in Tamil. Trivandrum, Kerala: Dravidian Linguistics Association of India, 1985.

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Ramos, Margarita Alonso. Las construcciones con verbo de apoyo. Madrid: Visor Libros, 2004.

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Dāvarī, Shādī. Afʻāl-i muʻīn dar zabān-i Fārsī: Rūykard-i dastūrī shudagī = Auxiliary verbs in Persian : a grammaticalization approah. Tihrān: Nashr-i Navīsah-i Pārsī, 2017.

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Hons, Pavel. Auxiliarity in Tamil: With special reference to auxiliary verbs iru, viTu and koLLu. Prague: Charles University in Prague, 2006.

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Wakileh, Aida Abdullah. Modal auxiliary verbs and English-Arabic translation. Salford: Univerity of Salford, 1986.

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Warner, Anthony. The structuring of English auxiliaries: A phrase structure grammar. Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985.

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Warner, Anthony. The structuring of English auxiliaries: A phrase structure grammar. Bloomington, Ind: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985.

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Atatürk Kültür, Dil, ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu (Turkey), ed. Etmek fiiliyle yapılan birleşik fiiller ve tamlayıcılarla kullanılışı. Ankara: TDK, 2001.

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Page, John. Cornish grammar for beginners and the auxiliary verbs. 6th ed. Hayle: Kesva an Taves Kernewek, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Auxiliary verbs"

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Sousa, Cristina. "Auxiliary verbs." In Intermediate Portuguese, 157–63. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032709758-20.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs I." In Modern Korean Grammar Workbook, 50–53. New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] | Series: Routledge Modern Grammars: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315178158-13.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs II." In Modern Korean Grammar Workbook, 54–56. New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] | Series: Routledge Modern Grammars: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315178158-14.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs III." In Modern Korean Grammar Workbook, 57–60. New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] | Series: Routledge Modern Grammars: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315178158-15.

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Butt, John, and Carmen Benjamin. "Modal auxiliary verbs." In A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish, 307–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8368-4_21.

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Oosterhoff, Jenneke A. "Modal auxiliary verbs." In Basic Dutch, 59–65. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003223122-10.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs III." In Intermediate Korean:, 40–46. 2nd ed. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge grammar workbooks: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003096610-6.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs I." In Intermediate Korean:, 23–31. 2nd ed. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge grammar workbooks: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003096610-4.

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Byon, Andrew Sangpil. "Auxiliary verbs II." In Intermediate Korean:, 32–39. 2nd ed. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge grammar workbooks: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003096610-5.

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Kline, Richard A. "Auxiliary and modal verbs." In The Fundamentals of Lebanese Grammar, 107–19. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003292418-15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Auxiliary verbs"

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SANGHEUM, Yeon. "UNDERSTANDING OF UZBEK AND KOREAN AUXILIARY VERBS." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-28.

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Uzbek and Korean are characterized by agglutination. When comparing and contrasting the two languages, we can find quite a few similarities in the conjugation of verbs, especially auxiliary verbs, where the characteristics of the agglutinating language are most prominent. In the use of auxiliary verbs, the two languages ​​are similar in semantically as well as in simple structural aspects, and there are many cases where the same meaning is expressed using the auxiliary verb. On the other hand, there are differences as well, but there is still a lack of comparative studies between the two languages ​​on the corresponding grammar item. In addition, errors in the most common and widely used Google translator can also be found. Although there were no major problems in conveying simple meanings, sentence construction using auxiliary verbs was not performed properly. By briefly introducing these problems, it was found that the necessity for contrast study and corpus construction between the two languages was required.
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Siewert, Janine, Martijn Wieling, and Yves Scherrer. "Changing usage of Low Saxon auxiliary and modal verbs." In Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Computational Approaches to Historical Language Change. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.lchange-1.12.

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Milicevic, Jasmina. "Cliticization of Serbian Personal Pronouns and Auxiliary Verbs. A Dependency-Based Account." In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Dependency Linguistics (Depling, SyntaxFest 2019). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-7708.

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Lee, Hyang-Mi, and Mun-Koo Kang. "An Analysis of English Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Middle School English Textbooks." In Education 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.127.36.

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Yadrintsev, V. V., А. A. Ryzhova, and I. V. Sochenkov. "DISTRIBUTIONAL MODELS AND AUXILIARY METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE HYPERNYMS OF WORDS IN RUSSIAN." In International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies "Dialogue". Russian State University for the Humanities, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2020-19-762-772.

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This paper describes our participation in the first shared task on Automatic Taxonomy Construction for the Russian language RUSSE’2020. The goal of this task is the following: input words (neologisms that are not yet included in the taxonomy) need to be associated with the appropriate hypernyms from an existing taxonomy. For example, for the input word “duck”, it is expected that participants will provide a list of its ten hypernyms-synsets to which the word can most likely be attributed, such as “animal,” “bird” and so on. An input word can refer to one, two, or more “parents” at the same time. In this article we are trying to answer the following question: what results can be achieved using only “raw” vectors from distributional models without additional training? The article presents the results for several pre-trained models that are based on fastText, Elmo, and BERT algorithms. Also, an outof-vocabulary analysis was performed for the models under consideration. Taking into account all public scores from the leaderboards, we showed the results corresponding to the following places in the ranking: the 3rd place on public nouns, the 2nd on private nouns, the 4th on public verbs, and the 4th on private verbs.
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"INCONSISTENT USAGE OF PRIMARY AUXILIARY VERBS AMONG ESL STUDENTS AND SOLUTION: A CASE STUDY." In 2nd National Conference on Translation, Language & Literature. ELK Asia Pacific Journals, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.16962/elkapj/si.nctll-2015.16.

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TÜRK, Osman. "AN EVALUATION ON THE “STORIES IN THE I. Vol. OF MEVLANA'S MESNEVİ”." In 3. International Congress of Language and Literature. Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lan.con3-2.

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Mevlânâ was born on September 30, 1207, in the city of Balkh, one of the old Turkish cultural centers, today within the borders of Afghanistan. His real name is Muhammed Celâleddin. His grandfather, Hüseyin Hatibî, was one of the great scholars of his time. His father, Bahâeddin Veled, was known as "Sultânü'l Ulemâ" (Sultân of Scholars). Sultânü'l Ulemâ, an honest person who did not hesitate to speak to anyone, would say everything he knew right in his lessons and sermons without knowing any boundaries. Language is the symbol of being human. Language, which is the necessity of being human, the development of thought and emotion, indispensable of respect and love, is a legacy that nations inherited from the past to the present and the future. It is a known fact that individuals speaking the same language have the same background, culture and values, that is, a common destiny. Our expressions clearly carry the values, norms and social control elements, beliefs and traditions of our nation and play an important role in transferring the above-listed ones to future generations with the help of the language they are a part of. Mevlana has a very important place in the history of Turkish literature. In our study, there will be a language study on volume I based on the book "All Stories in Mesnevi" prepared by Mehmet Zeren. Based on the auxiliary verbs in the stories in the book, the idioms in the sentence will be determined. The idioms determined in the work, the number of lines and the number of pages will be determined. How often the author has used idiomatic word groups and will evaluate the meaning he adds to the sentence. Key words: Mevlana, Mesnevi, İdiom, Language Study
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GULSHODA, PhD Yunusova. "ON THE ISSUE OF "LEADING VERB + SUPPORTING VERB" (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE AUXILIARY VERB 싶다 [SIPDA]." In UZBEKISTAN-KOREA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-34.

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The opinion of the speaker is important to the listener. The attitude of the speaker towards the content of the text of the person receiving the speech has its influence in many ways. How the listener perceives the information also depends on his personality, knowledge, experience, psychological state at the time of the speech, his thinking ability and other characteristics. In this case, the expression of the attitude to the action implies that the speaker speaks to himself. In this article, we will consider how this condition is expressed by the auxiliary verb in 싶다 [sipda]. In this case, the speaker analyzes his wishes, the information in the form of information about what he wants to do.
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Tudaji, Rehmitulla, Guzalnur Tursun, and Osman Juma. "Usage and Chinese Translation of Uyghur Auxiliary Verb “Çiq-”*." In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Education, Language, Art and Inter-cultural Communication (ICELAIC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.191217.175.

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Пенькова, Я. А. "Из наблюдений над семантикой имперфективного будущего в среднерусской письменности." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.10.

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The present paper investigates differences between the semantic types of predicates which occurred in the constructions with the auxiliaries budu and stanu in Middle Russian. The data for the research was collected using the Middle Russian part of the Russian National Corpus. The examples in the final dataset were classi fied according to the date, source, and semantic type of the verb used in the constructions in question. The study has shown that states were more likely to co-occur with the auxiliary budu, whereas accomplishments denoting the accumulation of effect — with the auxiliary stanu. Such differences between budu and stanu show that budu was not a simple “foreign” replacement for stanu but penetrated the verb system through a separate set of contexts not related to expressing inchoative meaning.
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Reports on the topic "Auxiliary verbs"

1

Thomas, Strobel. A contrastive approach to grammatical doubts in some contemporary Germanic languages (German, Dutch, Swedish). Goethe-Universität Frankfurt a.M., March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.72278.

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Unquestionably (or: undoubtedly), every competent speaker has already come to doubt with respect to the question of which form is correct or appropriate and should be used (in the standard language) when faced with two or more almost identical competing variants of words, word forms or sentence and phrase structure (e.g. German "Pizzas/Pizzen/Pizze" 'pizzas', Dutch "de drie mooiste/mooiste drie stranden" 'the three most beautiful/most beautiful three beaches', Swedish "större än jag/mig" 'taller than I/me'). Such linguistic uncertainties or "cases of doubt" (cf. i.a. Klein 2003, 2009, 2018; Müller & Szczepaniak 2017; Schmitt, Szczepaniak & Vieregge 2019; Stark 2019 as well as the useful collections of data of Duden vol. 9, Taaladvies.net, Språkriktighetsboken etc.) systematically occur also in native speakers and they do not necessarily coincide with the difficulties of second language learners. In present-day German, most grammatical uncertainties occur in the domains of inflection (nominal plural formation, genitive singular allomorphy of strong masc./neut. nouns, inflectional variation of weak masc. nouns, strong/weak adjectival inflection and comparison forms, strong/weak verb forms, perfect auxiliary selection) and word-formation (linking elements in compounds, separability of complex verbs). As for syntax, there are often doubts in connection with case choice (pseudo-partitive constructions, prepositional case government) and agreement (especially due to coordination or appositional structures). This contribution aims to present a contrastive approach to morphological and syntactic uncertainties in contemporary Germanic languages (mostly German, Dutch, and Swedish) in order to obtain a broader and more fine-grained typology of grammatical instabilities and their causes. As will be discussed, most doubts of competent speakers - a problem also for general linguistic theory - can be attributed to processes of language change in progress, to language or variety contact, to gaps and rule conflicts in the grammar of every language or to psycholinguistic conditions of language processing. Our main concerns will be the issues of which (kinds of) common or different critical areas there are within Germanic (and, on the other hand, in which areas there are no doubts), which of the established (cross-linguistically valid) explanatory approaches apply to which phenomena and, ultimately, the question whether the new data reveals further lines of explanation for the empirically observable (standard) variation.
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