Academic literature on the topic 'Availability of teak log'

AbstractEvent logs capture information about executed activities. However, they do not capture information about activities that could have been performed, i.e., activities that were enabled during a process. Event logs containing information on enabled activities are called translucent event logs. Although it is possible to extract translucent event logs from a running information system, such logs are rarely stored. To increase the availability of translucent event logs, we propose two techniques. The first technique records the system’s states as snapshots. These snapshots are stored and linked to events. A user labels patterns that describe parts of the system’s state. By matching patterns with snapshots, we can add information about enabled activities. We apply our technique in a small setting to demonstrate its applicability. The second technique uses a process model to add information concerning enabled activities to an existing traditional event log. Data containing enabled activities are valuable for process discovery. Using the information on enabled activities, we can discover more correct models.

AbstractPosing complex research questions poses complex reproducibility challenges. Datasets may need to be managed over long periods of time. Reliable and secure repositories are needed for data storage. Sharing big data requires advance planning and becomes complex when collaborators are spread across institutions and countries. Many complex analyses require the larger compute resources only provided by cloud and high-performance computing infrastructure. Finally at publication, funder and publisher requirements must be met for data availability and accessibility and computational reproducibility. For all of these reasons, cloud-based cyberinfrastructures are an important component for satisfying the needs of data-intensive research. Learning how to incorporate these technologies into your research skill set will allow you to work with data analysis challenges that are often beyond the resources of individual research institutions. One of the advantages of CyVerse is that there are many solutions for high-powered analyses that do not require knowledge of command line (i.e., Linux) computing. In this chapter we will highlight CyVerse capabilities by analyzing RNA-Seq data. The lessons learned will translate to doing RNA-Seq in other computing environments and will focus on how CyVerse infrastructure supports reproducibility goals (e.g., metadata management, containers), team science (e.g., data sharing features), and flexible computing environments (e.g., interactive computing, scaling).

AbstractHSCT is a complex procedure, which involves a long and complicated pathway for the patient and the intervention of many health professionals. Within this multidisciplinary team, the transplant coordinator, usually a nurse, is the ‘essential marrow’, the heart and the vital backbone of this procedure; they are an essential transplant ingredient facilitating a fluidity of the pathway and a good transmission of information. Written information about the procedure is beneficial for patients either prior to clinic visit or during clinic to allow the patients and relatives to reflect on conversations. Transplantation carries a significant risk of morbidity and mortality, and these should be considered regarding the ‘need’ to transplant, based upon risk of disease, versus risk of the transplant. Pre-transplant assessments must also be undertaken, and the results of these along with suitable donor medical clearance and cell availability are essential to ascertain that transplant is a valid option and can proceed safely. Dealing with fertility preservation upon diagnosis of cancer is often challenging; this issue is even more complex for paediatric patients. PDWP recommends that counselling about fertility preservation opportunities should be offered to each patient receiving HSCT.This chapter also focuses on vascular access for optimal treatment of haematology patients because stem cell treatment cannot be performed without it. Constant advances in haematology have raised challenging ethical dilemmas concerning end of life, palliative care, patient information, donor concerns and impartiality and issues related to the risk we run to our patients. Nurses provide a key role in patient education, providing pre- and post-transplant advocacy and counselling, plan hospitalisations and consultations. They also act as educators and role models to nursing students and share knowledge in accordance with local policies and JACIE guidelines.

Abstract General practice should offer both accessibility and continuity. The patient should find it an easy matter to see the doctor or other primary care team member at a convenient time. Care should be as continuous as required, that is consistent and uninterrupted. Since so much of general practice is based on interpersonal relationships, continuity tends to mean seeing the same person—any alternative implies a very high degree of communication between members of the care team, including the keeping of excellent records. In the archetypal single-handed practice the practitioner was available for long hours and access was by corning and queuing. The patients always saw the same person, so continuity was only limited by the doctor’s memory. Nowadays doctors work in groups with paramedical colleagues. Availability is negotiated through receptionists who operate an appointments system for most contacts with health team members. Although this was originally an attempt to eliminate queuing, appointments systems are also used to even out demand over a number of consulting sessions. The effect may limit both availability and continuity.

Data warehousing is an emerging technology that greatly extends the capabilities of relational databases specifically in the analysis of very large sets of time-oriented data. The emergence of data warehousing has been somewhat eclipsed by the simultaneous emergence of Web technologies. However, Web technologies and data warehousing have some natural synergies that are just now being recognized. First, Web technologies make data warehouse data more easily available to a much wider variety of users both internally and externally. Since the value of data is directly related to its availability for exploitation, Internets and intranets help increase the value of the data in the warehouse. Second, data warehouse technologies can be used to analyze traffic to a Web site in a wide variety of ways in order to make the Web site more effective. This chapter will focus on the latter of these synergies and show, through an evolving example, how a simple data set from the Web log can be enhanced, in a step-wise fashion, into a full-fledged market research data warehouse.

Graves’ disease could be seen as a long lasting, quasichronic disease. Treatment of Graves’ disease is a dilemma, be it medical conservative but successful in less than 50% of the cases, or radical destructive with, however, no possibility to insure the preservation of a subsequent normal thyroid function apart from long-term levothyroxine treatment. It is no surprise, then, that surveys had shown large therapeutic option disparities between countries and cultures and traditions, not to forget patient’s preference and concerns, physicians’ personal bias, and local availability of experienced team in thyroid surgery and nuclear medicine department These differences, however, tend to level off, antithyroid drug being from now on considered as the more appropriate first-line treatment in most of thyroid centres all over the world.

Interdisciplinary communication and collaboration are crucial in the care of people with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) yet are often experienced as insufficient. Through the lens of complexity science, this study aims to explain how healthcare professionals (HCPs) adapt to emerging situations in the care of patients with MLTC by examining interdisciplinary communication and collaboration in the outpatient hospital setting. We used the constant comparative method to analyze transcribed data from seven focus groups with twenty-one HCPs to generate a constructivist grounded theory of ‘interdisciplinary communication and collaboration in the outpatient setting of the hospital for patients with multiple long-term conditions’. Our theory elucidates the various pathways of communication and collaboration. Why, when, and how team members choose to collaborate influences if and to what degree tailored care is achieved. There is great variability and unpredictability to this process due to internalized rules, such as beliefs on the appropriateness to deviate from guidelines, and the presence of an interprofessional identity. We identified organizational structures that influence the dynamics of the care team such as the availability of time and financial compensation for collaboration. As we strive for tailored care for patients with MLTC, our theory provides promising avenues for future endeavors.

Abstract Corrosion is one of the leading maintenance costs across the United States Surface Navy, with approximately 25 cents of every dollar spent on maintenance going towards fighting or correcting corrosion. In addition to the huge financial burden, corrosion can limit the ability of our Navy’s ships to meet operational commitments and even prevent them from achieving their expected service life (ESL). In February of 2011, Surface Team One (ST1) stood up the Corrosion Control Knowledge Sharing Network (KSN) in order to streamline the efforts to fight and win the war against corrosion. The Corrosion KSN formed a strong and diverse team comprised of members from the operator, maintenance execution, maintenance planning, engineering, research and development and program management organizations. Together, the team set out to “single up” the efforts to evaluate and mitigate the corrosion issues facing the Fleet. In the short time since its creation, the Corrosion KSN has been fighting the war on corrosion from multiple fronts, and has already made considerable progress. The Corrosion KSN is helping fit corrosion improvements into availability work packages in order to impact the Fleet’s corrosion problems now. The KSN has helped implement improved coatings like polysiloxane (MIL-PRF-24635 type V, class 2, grade B) into the Surface Fleet. The KSN is also initiating efforts now that will have long term impacts to help improve the Surface Navy’s corrosion control capabilities while interfacing with ship’s force to bring corrosion awareness back to the sailors. Additionally, the KSN is injecting corrosion avoidance early on in the life of Surface Ships to ensure today’s ships can reach their ESL and become a part of tomorrow’s Navy. The Corrosion KSN has created a Program Management Plan to help align the efforts of its various members and to ensure a common, systematic approach is being used. This plan will aid in maximizing the KSN’s efforts regarding the Navy’s corrosion problems by helping the members determine the strategic and tactical plans for the KSN. The primary elements of this program plan are as follows: policy, acquisition process improvements, strategic communications, technology transition to expedite corrosion mitigation materials and practices, corrosion control planning and execution for assessments and availabilities, and training. The Corrosion Control KSN is progressing on several fronts with the ultimate goal of helping the US Navy win the war on corrosion.

Abstract Corrosion inhibitors for protecting oil and gas pipelines exhibit surface active behavior, and this surface activity affects not only their inhibition efficiency but also their ability to form and stabilize emulsions. Even though interfacial phenomena play a vital role, the interfacial properties of corrosion inhibitors have not been extensively examined with respect to their effect on corrosion inhibition and water quality. The work presented here has been designed to address some of these issues. Corrosion inhibitors are known to partition between oil and water phases. The amount of inhibitor partitioning into the aqueous phase has been shown to be highly dependent upon the volume fraction of oil in the system. A significant quantity of inhibitor also adsorbs at the oil-water interface which results in a lowering of the interfacial tension. For certain highly surface active inhibitors the tension can be reduced by a factor of 105. Some commercial inhibitors have been shown to exhibit a break point in their interfacial tension versus log concentration plots. The concentration at which the interfacial tension levels off is the critical micelle concentration (CMC). It has been shown that inhibitors exhibiting low interfacial tensions promote the formation and stabilization of emulsions. This is critical to the understanding of the impact of inhibitors on produced water quality. It has also been shown that the additional surface area generated during emulsion formation can consume a significant quantity of inhibitor. Adsorption onto these unwanted surfaces can dramatically reduce the overall availability of chemical for corrosion inhibition. From the determination of the corrosion inhibition efficiency of a series of inhibitor actives, it appears that for those inhibitors that exhibit a CMC, this value is also seen to be similar to the minimum effective concentration required for inhibition.

Abstract During the drilling of a well, a huge quantity of data is acquired in real-time. In order too mitigate risks due to geological uncertainties, to increase operational efficiency, to optimize processes and create new business models, Eni has developed its own cross-functional integrated data platform, which ensures data availability to all subsurface technical functions sharing a common data model. In this paper we describe an innovative approach, born from the collaboration between expert geologists and data scientists. The integrated team has developed a tool based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) supporting operations geologist during drilling phases. Two different tools have been created: litho-fluid interpretations, a set of AI algorithms used to identify in real-time the lithology and to interpret the formation fluids; well-to-well log correlation and look ahead, models used to find analogies between intervals of the well being drilled and the reference well, allowing to estimate the distance and time of arrival to a given geological event. The results obtained have been remarkable in terms of accuracy. The positive feedbacks from the operations geologists give the assurance of the usefulness of the tools and their expected benefits: the tools allow to better control geological uncertainties and speed up some repetitive and time-consuming tasks. The results presented in this paper are focused on two UAE applications of litho-fluid and well-to-well log correlations.

Evidence is mounting that power plant cycling is causing significant additional wear and tear on the units. However, the effects of this additional wear and tear on future maintenance costs, production cost, and equivalent forced outage rate (EFOR) are not accurately quantified at the present time. For example, units that were originally designed for base load operation are now being cycled by many utilities. Typically, such units experience long-term decreases in availability and significantly increased maintenance and capital equipment expenditures because several materials degradation phenomena (creep, fatigue, creep-fatigue interaction, etc.) are accelerated by increased cycling. The authors will present results of several hundred studies, which highlight the impacts of plant cycling events on short and long term plant availability. The paper will also show the impact of plant cycling design, annual capital and operating expenses which can have a direct impact on plant availability.

This study presents a major development to the wave method, a methodology used for structural identification and monitoring. The research team tested the method for use in structural damage detection and damage localization in bridges, the latter being a challenging task. The main goal was to assess capability of the improved method by applying it to a shake-table-tested prototype bridge with sparse instrumentation. The bridge was a 4-span reinforced concrete structure comprising two columns at each bent (6 columns total) and a flat slab. It was tested to failure using seven biaxial excitations at its base. Availability of a robust and verified method, which can work with sparse recording stations, can be valuable for detecting damage in bridges soon after an earthquake. The proposed method in this study includes estimating the shear (cS) and the longitudinal (cL) wave velocities by fitting an equivalent uniform Timoshenko beam model in impulse response functions of the recorded acceleration response. The identification algorithm is enhanced by adding the model’s damping ratio to the unknown parameters, as well as performing the identification for a range of initial values to avoid early convergence to a local minimum. Finally, the research team detect damage in the bridge columns by monitoring trends in the identified shear wave velocities from one damaging event to another. A comprehensive comparison between the reductions in shear wave velocities and the actual observed damages in the bridge columns is presented. The results revealed that the reduction of cS is generally consistent with the observed distribution and severity of damage during each biaxial motion. At bents 1 and 3, cS is consistently reduced with the progression of damage. The trends correctly detected the onset of damage at bent 1 during biaxial 3, and damage in bent 3 during biaxial 4. The most significant reduction was caused by the last two biaxial motions in bents 1 and 3, also consistent with the surveyed damage. In bent 2 (middle bent), the reduction trend in cS was relatively minor, correctly showing minor damage at this bent. Based on these findings, the team concluded that the enhanced wave method presented in this study was capable of detecting damage in the bridge and identifying the location of the most severe damage. The proposed methodology is a fast and inexpensive tool for real-time or near real-time damage detection and localization in similar bridges, especially those with sparsely deployed accelerometers.

Vineyards are found on six of seven continents, producing a crop of high economic value with much historic and cultural significance. Because of the wide range of conditions under which grapes are grown, management approaches are highly varied and must be adapted to local climatic constraints. Research has been conducted in the traditionally prominent grape growing regions of Europe, Australia, and the western USA, but far less information is available to guide production under more extreme growing conditions. The overarching goal of this project was to improve understanding of vineyard water management related to the critical inter-row zone. Experiments were conducted in moist temperate (North Carolina, USA) and arid (Negev, Israel) regions in order to address inter-row water use under high and low water availability conditions. Specific objectives were to: i) calibrate and verify a modeling technique to identify components of evapotranspiration (ET) in temperate and semiarid vineyard systems, ii) evaluate and refine strategies for excess water removal in vineyards for moist temperate regions of the Southeastern USA, and iii) evaluate and refine strategies for water conservation in vineyards for semi-arid regions of Israel. Several new measurement and modeling techniques were adapted and assessed in order to partition ET between favorable transpiration by the grapes and potentially detrimental water use within the vineyard inter-row. A micro Bowen ratio measurement system was developed to quantify ET from inter-rows. The approach was successful at the NC site, providing strong correlation with standard measurement approaches and adding capability for continuous, non-destructive measurement within a relatively small footprint. The environmental conditions in the Negev site were found to limit the applicability of the technique. Technical issues are yet to be solved to make this technique sufficiently robust. The HYDRUS 2D/3D modeling package was also adapted using data obtained in a series of intense field campaigns at the Negev site. The adapted model was able to account for spatial variation in surface boundary conditions, created by diurnal canopy shading, in order to accurately calculate the contribution of interrow evaporation (E) as a component of system ET. Experiments evaluated common practices in the southeastern USA: inter-row cover crops purported to reduce water availability and thereby favorably reduce grapevine vegetative growth; and southern Israel: drip irrigation applied to produce a high value crop with maximum water use efficiency. Results from the NC site indicated that water use by the cover crop contributed a significant portion of vineyard ET (up to 93% in May), but that with ample rainfall typical to the region, cover crop water use did little to limit water availability for the grape vines. A potential consequence, however, was elevated below canopy humidity owing to the increased inter-row evapotranspiration associated with the cover crops. This creates increased potential for fungal disease occurrence, which is a common problem in the region. Analysis from the Negev site reveals that, on average, E accounts for about10% of the total vineyard ET in an isolated dripirrigated vineyard. The proportion of ET contributed by E increased from May until just before harvest in July, which could be explained primarily by changes in weather conditions. While non-productive water loss as E is relatively small, experiments indicate that further improvements in irrigation efficiency may be possible by considering diurnal shading effects on below canopy potential ET. Overall, research provided both scientific and practical outcomes including new measurement and modeling techniques, and new insights for humid and arid vineyard systems. Research techniques developed through the project will be useful for other agricultural systems, and the successful synergistic cooperation amongst the research team offers opportunity for future collaboration.

Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.

Bibliometrics is deeply transformed by open science. The unprecedented availability of bibliographic metadata, full text search and additional use metrics creates new opportunities for quantitative studies of scientific corpus. It also challenges the historical focus of bibliometrics on citation data from a few selected journals. New approaches aim to expand its scope to different uses and different publics, especially in regard to the social impact of research. As a field, bibliometrics has been strongly influenced by the first commercial infrastructure for academic publications. In the 1960s, the Science Citation Index laid the fundamental basis of a structured research program on bibliometrics, with a primary focus on citation data and citation network from esteemed English-speaking journals in STM. This selective approach made it possible to run one of the first search engines with the limited computing technologies of the 1960s and has proven to be a direct inspiration for the search algorithm of Google (the “pagerank”). Yet, it also introduces several performative biases, as journals excluded from index on various grounds (non-English language, non-STM research) also become in turn less visible. As bibliometric indicators have been increasingly used in research evaluation and management, it ultimately penalized a large range of scholarly output and harmed the diversity of scientific activities. The development of the web had an immediate impact on bibliometrics. While hyperlinks are analogous to citation data, their use is not limited to scientific publications and can be applied to any publications. Alternative labels like webometrics, infometrics or cybermetrics have attempted to redefine and expand bibliometric analysis to a larger variety of documents and digital objects. The open science movements had originally a mixed relationship to bibliometrics. Publications in open access were initially supposed to have a citation advantage due to increased visibility and bibliometric indicators have been commonly used as arguments in favor of a transition to open science. Yet, bibliometric indexes (like the impact factor of the h-index) have also contributed to secure the position of major commercial publishers and possibly delay the transition to open science. Alternative approaches of bibliometrics (the altmetrics) have aimed to reframe bibliometric indicators to better integrate the values and objectives of open science, by taking into account non-academic uses through log analysis or social data metrics. By the end 2020s, the field of bibliometrics itself underwent an open science revolution. With the opening of scientific data and metadata, commercial vendors like the Web of science are displaced by public and community-led initiatives like the Initiative for Open Citations or Wikidata. Major actors in bibliometrics have started to rethink their methods, their research identity and their relationship with the leading commercial database, and adopting the broader label of Quantitative Science Studies.