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Journal articles on the topic 'Available Transfer Capability (ATC)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Othman, Muhammad Murtadha, and Bibi Norashiqin Sheikh Rahimullah. "Available Transfer Capability Optimisation Using Evolutionary Programming." Scientific Research Journal 4, no. 2 (2007): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v4i2.5656.

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In a deregulated electric power industry, transmission providers are required to rapidly produce commercially viable information of available transfer capability (ATC) so that such information can help power marketers, sellers and buyers in planning, operation and reserving transmission services. ATC is a measure of the additional amount of power transfer that may flow across the interface, over and above the base case flows without jeopardizing power system security. This paper presents the ATC determination using the evolutionary programming (EP) technique using modified Gaussian formulation

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Othman, Muhammad Murtadha, and Bibi Norashiqin Sheikh Rahimullah. "Available Transfer Capability Optimisation Using Evolutionary Programming." Scientific Research Journal 4, no. 2 (2007): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v4i2.9341.

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In a deregulated electric power industry, transmission providers are required to rapidly produce commercially viable information of available transfer capability (ATC) so that such information can help power marketers, sellers and buyers in planning, operation and reserving transmission services. ATC is a measure of the additional amount of power transfer that may flow across the interface, over and above the base case flows without jeopardizing power system security. This paper presents the ATC determination using the evolutionary programming (EP) technique using modified Gaussian formulation

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3

Šošić, Darko, and Ivan Škokljev. "Evolutionary Algorithm for Calculating Available Transfer Capability." Journal of Electrical Engineering 64, no. 5 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2013-0042.

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Abstract The paper presents an evolutionary algorithm for calculating available transfer capability (ATC). ATC is a measure of the transfer capability remaining in the physical transmission network for further commercial activity over and above already committed uses. In this paper, MATLAB software is used to determine the ATC between any bus in deregulated power systems without violating system constraints such as thermal, voltage, and stability constraints. The algorithm is applied on IEEE 5 bus system and on IEEE 30 bus system.

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4

T., Nireekshana, Bhavani J., and Rahul G. "A Review on Available Transfer Capability Calculation Methods." Journal of Research and Advancement in Electrical Engineering 3, no. 3 (2020): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4117486.

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<em>Available Transfer Capability (ATC) is the remaining amount of electrical power that can be transmitted from one area into another area in a deregulated electricity network for commercial purpose. In deregulated power system, Independent System Operator (ISO) plays a prominent role in indication of ATC for power producers, transmission companies, distributors, retailers and customers for contribution in electricity market. This paper assesses the literature related to Calculation methods and intelligent methods of ATC in deregulated electricity environment.</em>

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5

Ying Xiao and Y. H. Song. "Available transfer capability (ATC) evaluation by stochastic programming." IEEE Power Engineering Review 20, no. 9 (2000): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/39.866873.

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6

Bhavithira, V., and A. Amudha. "Enhancement of Available Transfer Capability Using FACTS Controller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.340.

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Abstract. This paper discusses about the available transfer capability by using Unified Power Flow Controller-UPFC. Flexible AC Transmission System-FACTS devices helps to reduce power flow on overloaded lines, thereby increasing the loadability of the power system, transient stability, damp out oscillations and also provide security and efficient transmission system. UPFC is one of the most versatile FACTS controllers. It is used for both shunt and series compensation. Newton Raphson method is used to calculate load flow for IEEE 30 bus system. By optimally placing the FACTS device Available T

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7

Li, Guo Qing, Fang Jing Zhang, and Hou He Chen. "Calculation of Probabilistic Available Transfer Capability in Wind Power Integrated System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2524.

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As the number of wind generation facilities in the power system is fast increasing, the research on available transfer capability (ATC) calculation with wind farms has great significance to system operation. With consideration of the uncertainty of the wind powers output, this paper proposes a probability computing method to study the ATC in wind power integrated system. This computing method of ATC is evaluated on non-sequential Monte Carlo simulation, and the ATC of every system state in random sampling is calculated by interior point method. The result shows that the model and algorithm is

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8

Uzoechi, Lazarus Okechukwu, and Satish M. Mahajan. "Evaluation of Available Transfer Capability Using Transient Stability Constrained Line Flows." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 15, no. 1 (2014): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2012-0035.

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Abstract This paper presents a methodology to evaluate transient stability constrained available transfer capability (ATC). A linear and fast line flow–based (LFB) method was adopted to optimize the ATC values. This enabled the direct determination of the system source–sink locations. This paper formulated different market transactions considering bilateral and multilateral impacts in the stability constrained ATC. The proposed method was demonstrated on the WECC 9-bus and IEEE 39-bus systems. The critical energy performance index (CEPI) enabled the direct identification of candidates for cont

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9

Zhang, Xue Song, Zhi Qiang Zhao, Shi Xin Liu, et al. "The Decomposition Calculation Method of Large Interconnected Grid Probabilistic Available Transfer Capability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1809.

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Concerning the uneven distribution of energy in Chinas regional power grid, power of big energy base should be transmitted through long distance. Therefore, calculating available transfer capability (ATC) of large interconnected grid is necessary. However, it is difficult to collect the needed data, so ATC of the large interconnected grid cannot be calculated directly. To solve these problems, this paper presents a decomposition calculation method to calculate ATC of the large interconnected grid. The basic principles are: According to the executive partition, the large interconnected grid is

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10

Duong, T. L., T. T. Nguyen, N. A. Nguyen, and T. Kang. "Available Transfer Capability Determination for the Electricity Market using Cuckoo Search Algorithm." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 1 (2020): 5340–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3659658.

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In the electricity market, power producers and customers share a common transmission network for wheeling power from generation to consumption points. All parties in this open access environment may try to produce energy from cheaper sources for greater profit margin, which may lead to transmission congestion, which could lead to violation of voltage and thermal limits, threatening the system security. To solve this, available transfer capability (ATC) must be accurately estimated and optimally utilized. Thus, accurate determination of ATC to ensure system security while serving power transact

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11

Meena, Shweta, Kavita Jain, Ramesh Chand Meena, and Keshav Meena. "Appraisal of Available Transfer Capability Determination Methods in Competitive Electricity Market." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 2947–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.2947ecst.

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The existing power market is contentiously promoting sustainability and competitiveness in the electricity industry. It has raised the transmission networks' transfer capacity as an emerging area for researchers. The electricity production units and consumers share the same transmission network. All stakeholders try to generate power from cheaper sources to make more significant profit margins. This situation creates transmission congestion, violation of voltage and thermal limits, and system security threats. The accurate measurement and optimal use of the available transfer capability (ATC)

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12

Busan, Stendley, Muhammad Murtadha Othman, Ismail Musirin, Azah Mohamed, and Aini Hussain. "A New Algorithm for the Available Transfer Capability Determination." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/795376.

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This paper presents a fast and accurate method to determine the available transfer capability. Ralston's method is used to predict the two trajectory points of voltage magnitude, power flow, and maximum generator rotor angle difference. Then, the cubic spline interpolation technique is used to accurately trace theP-V, P-S,orP-curves between two points of trajectory. TheP-V, P-SandP-curves represent as the variations of voltage magnitude, power, flow and maximum generator rotor angle difference due to the increase of power transfer. The actual available transfer capability value is determined a

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13

Joo, S. K. "Optimization techniques for Available Transfer Capability (ATC) and market calculations." IMA Journal of Management Mathematics 15, no. 4 (2004): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imaman/15.4.321.

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14

Zhang, X., Y. H. Song, Q. Lu, and S. Mei. "Dynamic Available Transfer Capability (ATC) Evaluation by Dynamic Constrained Optimization." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 19, no. 2 (2004): 1240–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2003.821614.

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15

Dhana Sai Sri, M., and P. Srinivasa Varma. "Evaluation and Analysis of Available Transfer Capability in Deregulated Power System Environment." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.8 (2018): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.8.16399.

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Reliability of network is need of the hour in the present power system market and is constrained by capability of the network. The network calculations are performed using accurate and high efficient strategies. In order to perform power transactions in the system, the computation of available transfer capability is essential which a metric of capability of the system. Generally, effect wattless power is not taken into account in the methodologies for computation of linear available transfer capability. In this paper, a methodology which considers the reactive power flows for enhancement of li

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16

Gautam, Anurag, Ibraheem, Gulshan Sharma, Pitshou N. Bokoro, and Mohammad F. Ahmer. "Available Transfer Capability Enhancement in Deregulated Power System through TLBO Optimised TCSC." Energies 15, no. 12 (2022): 4448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124448.

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Rapid industrial development and innovations in technology bring about the menace of congestion in deregulated power systems (DPS). The transmission lines are continuously working under a stressed condition with reduced power transfer capacity. In this situation, the power losses and voltage deviations at the load buses are increased and hence reduce the system stability. To mitigate congestion, improving available transfer capability (ATC) of the transmission system is one of the most feasible and practical solution. This paper focuses on the implementation of Thyristor Controlled Series capa

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17

Duong, T. L., T. T. Nguyen, N. A. Nguyen, and T. Kang. "Available Transfer Capability Determination for the Electricity Market using Cuckoo Search Algorithm." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 1 (2020): 5340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3338.

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In the electricity market, power producers and customers share a common transmission network for wheeling power from generation to consumption points. All parties in this open access environment may try to produce energy from cheaper sources for greater profit margin, which may lead to transmission congestion, which could lead to violation of voltage and thermal limits, threatening the system security. To solve this, available transfer capability (ATC) must be accurately estimated and optimally utilized. Thus, accurate determination of ATC to ensure system security while serving power transact

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18

Meng, Xiangfei, Lina Zhang, Xin Tian, Hongqing Chu, Yao Wang, and Qingxin Shi. "Available Transfer Capability Assessment of Multiarea Power Systems with Conditional Generative Adversarial Network." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2024 (March 15, 2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/5225784.

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Available transfer capability (ATC) is an important measurement index to evaluate the security margin of interconnected power grids and serve as a reference for the transmission right transaction. In modern power systems, ATC is affected by the transmission network topology, renewable power output uncertainty, and load demand uncertainty. Traditional works usually model the power source-load uncertainty by using robust optimization, interval optimization, or chance-constraint optimization, which cannot fully reflect the probabilistic distribution of the daily source-load uncertainty. This pape

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19

Kim, Dong-Min, In-Su Bae, and Jin-O. Kim. "Determination of available transfer capability (ATC) considering real-time weather conditions." European Transactions on Electrical Power 21, no. 1 (2010): 855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etep.481.

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20

Li, Zhong Cheng, Bu Han Zhang, Ye Bin Ge, et al. "Probabilistic Available Transfer Capability Calculation of Wind Farm Incorporated Power System." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.582.

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The paper mainly studies the available transfer capability of wind farm incorporated power system, and proposes an on-line calculating method considering many uncertain factors. First based on continuation power flow, an improved algorithm of the key constraint by linear prediction is proposed so as to obtain deterministic ATC with the expansion power flow equation. Then Monte Carlo simulation is used which takes many uncertain factors into considerations, such as wind speed, the random fault of generators and lines, the fluctuation of generators and load, etc. With hierarchical clustering alg

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21

Adewolu, Babatunde Olusegun, and Akshay Kumar Saha. "FACTS Devices Loss Consideration in Placement Approach for Available Transfer Capability Enhancement." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 49 (June 2020): 104–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.49.104.

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This paper incorporates Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device loss with the general loss sensitivity equation for the determination of optimum location for its placement in deregulated power networks, with objectives of Available Transfer Capability (ATC) enhancement, bus voltage improvement and loss reduction. A detailed mathematical model in terms of circuit system parameters is presented based on FACTS loss amalgamation approach. Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) FACTS device is considered for simulation and analysis because of its capability to control active power amon

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22

Kannan, N., and S. Sutha. "Reactive Power Loss Reduction in Distribution Network Using Crow Search Optimization and Available Transfer Capability." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 15 (2020): 2050237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620502370.

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In distribution systems, it is important to guarantee the protected operating state of the power system by the transmission suppliers. To transmit a secure, dependable and economical supply of electric power, long separation bulk power transmission is fundamental. Despite that, the power transfer capacity of the power system is constrained because of the elements like thermal limits, voltage limits and security limits. Crow Search Optimizations (CSO) have been exhibited to be reasonable methodologies in taking care of nonlinear power system issues with Available Transfer Capability (ATC). It i

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23

Lubis, Rakhmad Syafutra, Sasongko Pramono Hadi, and Tumiran Tumiran. "Using the UPFC and GUPFC Controllers to Maximize Available Transfer Capability (ATC)." International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics 6, no. 2 (2014): 374–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15676/ijeei.2014.6.2.11.

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24

Sharad, Chandra Rajpoot*1 &. Prashant Singh Rajpoot2. "FAVORABLE TURF OF SVC & TCSC FOR ATC ENRICHMENT IN A DECONTROL ENVIRONMENT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 11 (2017): 422–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1066200.

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Improving of ATC is an important issue in the current de-regulated environment of power systems. The Available Transfer Capability (ATC) of a transmission network is the unutilized transfer capabilities of a transmission network for the transfer of power for further commercial activity, over and above already committed usage. Power transactions between a specific seller bus/area and a buyer bus/area can be committed only when sufficient ATC is available. Transmission system operators (TSOs) are encouraged to use the existing facilities more effectively to enhance the ATC margin. ATC can be lim

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25

Venkaiah, Chintham, and Mallesham Dulla. "Static security based available transfer capability (ATC) computation for real-time power markets." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 7, no. 2 (2010): 269–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee1002269v.

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In power system deregulation, the Independent System Operator (ISO) has the responsibility to control the power transactions and avoid overloading of the transmission lines beyond their thermal limits. To achieve this, the ISO has to update in real-time periodically Available Transfer Capability (ATC) index for enabling market participants to reserve the transmission service. In this paper Static Security based ATC has been computed for real-time applications using three artificial intelligent methods viz.: i) Back Propagation Algorithm (BPA); ii) Radial Basis Function (RBF) Neural network; an

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Adewolu, Babatunde Olusegun, and Akshay Kumar Saha. "Optimal Setting of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator with Brain Storm Optimization Algorithms for Available Transfer Capability Enhancement." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 58 (January 11, 2022): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.58.225.

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Applications of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices for enhancement of Available Transfer Capability (ATC) is gaining attention due to economic and technical limits of the conventional methods involving physical network expansions. FACTS allocation which is sine-qua-non to its performance is a major problem and it is being addressed in recent time with heuristic algorithms. Brain Storm Optimization Algorithms (BSOA) is a new heuristic and predicting optimization algorithms which revolutionizes human brainstorming process. BSOA is engaged for the optimum setting of FACTS devices fo

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27

Olatunji, Obalowu Mohammed, Wazir Mustafa Mohd, Salisu Sani, et al. "Assessment of the influence of wind energy incorporated capacity benefit margin in ATC computation." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering 11, no. 2 (2022): 145~155. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v11.i2.pp145-155.

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Available transfer capability (ATC) is an important metric used to measure the techno-economic viability of the transmission networks. Several methods have been presented in literature for ATC assessment, however, only some few articles incorporate CBM in ATC calculation and those few papers only considered conventional power generation sources in CBM evaluation. CBM is a function of the reliability of generating units. This paper presents the inter-area CBM calculation in the presence of wind energy source using graph theory technique and the results are incorporated in ATC computation using

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28

Andikan, K. Ekpa, J. Essien Uduak, and U. Akpan Nsikak. "Power Transfer Capability Enhancement of The Nigerian 330kV Transmission Network with SVC FACTS Controller." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 07, no. 02 (2024): 504–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10633477.

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The lack of installation of generation stations has affected the transmission system of the Nigerian power network as the load demand increases. This has led to increased power losses and power congestion on the lines which has affected the available transfer capacity (ATC) of the power system network. Due to these increasing issues, SVC FACTS controller was utilized in this paper to improve ATC. The ATC of the system without FACTS controller was obtained after modeling the system using the data obtained from NCC osogbo with NEPLAN software. The relationships between the cumulative distances a

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29

KUMAR, ASHWANI, S. C. SRIVASTAVA, and S. N. SINGH. "Available Transfer Capability (ATC) Determination in a Competitive Electricity Market Using AC Distribution Factors." Electric Power Components and Systems 32, no. 9 (2004): 927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325000490253623.

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30

Gupta, Divya, and Sanjay Kumar Jain. "Available Transfer Capability Enhancement by FACTS Devices Using Metaheuristic Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (MEEPSO) Technique." Energies 14, no. 4 (2021): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040869.

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Energy power flows are an important factor to be calculated and, thus, are needed to be enhanced in an electrical generation system. It is very necessary to optimally locate the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices and improve the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) of the power transmission lines. It relieves the congestion of the system and increases the flow of power. This research study has been accomplished in two stages: optimization of location of FACTS device by the novel Sensitivity and Power loss-based Congestion Reduction (SPCR) method and the calculatio

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31

Li, Peijie, Ling Zhu, Xiaoqing Bai, and Hua Wei. "Available Transfer Capability Calculation Constrained with Small-Signal Stability Based on Adaptive Gradient Sampling." Complexity 2020 (February 11, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3912717.

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Due to the nonsmoothness of the small-signal stability constraint, calculating the available transfer capability (ATC) limited by small-signal stability rigorously through the nonlinear programming is quite difficult. To tackle this challenge, this paper proposes a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method combined with gradient sampling (GS) in a dual formulation. The highlighted feature is the sample size of the gradient changes dynamically in every iteration, yielding an adaptive gradient sampling (AGS) process. Thus, the computing efficiency is greatly improved owing to the decrease an

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RVR, and JC college of Engineering. "Positioning Capacitors and Distributed Gen Units for Multi-Objective Optimization." Journal of Science Engineering Technology and Management Science 02, no. 02 (2025): 18–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14952696.

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<em>The placement of distributed generation (DG), capacitors, and ULTC transformer tap settings can all be employed separately to lower loss, enhance the voltage profile, and raise the distribution network's available transfer capability (ATC). These devices will be more effective if they are placed and set simultaneously. This paper uses a multi-objective function to implement this strategy. Reducing loss, improving voltage, and raising ATC make up the objective function. The objective function is optimized through the application of Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach. The suggested approach is

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Mohammed, Olatunji Obalowu, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, Sani Salisu, et al. "Assessment of the influence of wind energy incorporated capacity benefit margin in ATC computation." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 11, no. 2 (2022): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v11.i2.pp145-155.

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Available transfer capability (ATC) is an important metric used to measure the techno-economic viability of the transmission networks. Several methods have been presented in literature for ATC assessment, however, only some few articles incorporate CBM in ATC calculation and those few papers only considered conventional power generation sources in CBM evaluation. CBM is a function of the reliability of generating units. This paper presents the inter-area CBM calculation in the presence of wind energy source using graph theory technique and the results are incorporated in ATC computation using

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34

Chinonso, Stanley Ezeonye, Atuchukwu John, and Ifeanyi Okonkwo Innocent. "EFFECT OF UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER (UPFC) INTEGRATION TO POWER TRANSFER ON THE NIGERIA 330 KV POWER NETWORK DURING LINE CONTINGENCY." International Journal of Novel Research in Engineering and Science 11, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10896720.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This paper involves analysis and simulations on the 48-bus 330 kV Nigeria’s power network system under line failure contingency. The study used NEPLAN software for the simulation and MATLAB m-file for plotting of the charts in various cases. It is aimed to examine the voltage profile, load flow and available transfer capability of transmission grid system under base case conditions and transmission line contingency situation using the method of repeated power flow based on Newton Raphson. The unified power flow controller, UPFC is placed in the network for the

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Edeh, Uchenna Emmanuel, Tek Tjing Lie, and Md Apel Mahmud. "Assessment of Transmission Reliability Margin: Existing Methods and Challenges and Future Prospects." Energies 18, no. 9 (2025): 2267. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092267.

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The integration of renewable energy sources (RESs), such as wind and solar, introduces significant uncertainties into power system operations, complicating Available Transfer Capability (ATC) assessment. A key factor in ATC determination, the Transmission Reliability Margin (TRM), accounts for uncertainties like load variations, generation fluctuations, and network dynamics. The traditional deterministic TRM methods often fail to capture the stochastic nature of modern grids, leading to inaccurate estimations. This paper reviews the TRM assessment methodologies, emphasizing probabilistic appro

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Sibbala Bhargava Reddy, R. Ashok Kumar, and G. Sreenivasan. "Enhancement of ATC with FACTS Devices in Deregulated Power System Considering Various Contingency and Benefit Margins." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 41, no. 2 (2024): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.41.2.223237.

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The global electric power systems are under stressed condition because of increased per capita power consumption and ever-growing load demand. It is difficult to modify existing infrastructure of transmission systems to meet increasing load demand. The volume of electric power transmitted depends on the real and reactive power supply and the availability of margin in transmission system. Available Transfer Capability is an estimation of additional power transfer capability of the existing transmission system for a further market activity over and above the already committed power transactions.

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Sadiq, Ahmad Abubakar, Mark Ndubuka Nwohu, and Agbachi E. Okenna. "Available Transfer Capability (ATC) as Index for Transmission Network Performance – A Case Study of Nigerian 330kV Transmission Grid." International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics 6, no. 3 (2014): 479–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15676/ijeei.2014.6.3.3.

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Othman, Muhammad Murtadha, Nurulazmi Abd Rahman, Ismail Musirin, Mahmud Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and Abbas Rajabi-Ghahnavieh. "A Heuristic Ranking Approach on Capacity Benefit Margin Determination Using Pareto-Based Evolutionary Programming Technique." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/731013.

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This paper introduces a novel multiobjective approach for capacity benefit margin (CBM) assessment taking into account tie-line reliability of interconnected systems. CBM is the imperative information utilized as a reference by the load-serving entities (LSE) to estimate a certain margin of transfer capability so that a reliable access to generation through interconnected system could be attained. A new Pareto-based evolutionary programming (EP) technique is used to perform a simultaneous determination of CBM for all areas of the interconnected system. The selection of CBM at the Pareto optima

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39

Eidiani, Mostafa. "A Quick and Comprehensive Method for Determining Static ATC with NRS and VFT." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 20, no. 1 (2024): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53540/tjer.vol20iss1pp45-51.

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Electricity market players prioritize available transfer capability (ATC) as an attractive solution. Market participants can gain a financial advantage through accurate and fast ATC solutions. In order to provide a suitable and valuable solution, we use differential load flow equations. A dynamic system's entire time-domain trajectory can be solved by this method, along with a fictional time-domain differential equation. This article uses Newton-Raphson-Seydel instead of Newton-Raphson, which can also be used to determine voltage stability. A variable frequency transformer (VFT) was used in th

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Eidiani, Mostafa. "A Quick and Comprehensive Method for Determining Static ATC with NRS and VFT." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 20, no. 1 (2023): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53540/tjer.vol20iss2pp45-51.

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Electricity market players prioritize available transfer capability (ATC) as an attractive solution. Market participants can gain a financial advantage through accurate and fast ATC solutions. In order to provide a suitable and valuable solution, we use differential load flow equations. A dynamic system's entire time-domain trajectory can be solved by this method, along with a fictional time-domain differential equation. This article uses Newton-Raphson-Seydel instead of Newton-Raphson, which can also be used to determine voltage stability. A variable frequency transformer (VFT) was used in th

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Nkan, Imo, Patrick Obi, Hassan Natala, and Ogbonnaya Okoro. "Investigation of the Transfer Capability of the Nigerian 330 kV, 58-bus Power System Network using FACTS Devices." ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 22, no. 1 (2023): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v22n1.422.

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Over the years, the Nigerian power system is beset with lingering problems, which include severe power losses, as well as very low transfer capability of the transmission network to evacuate power from generating stations to the load at the distribution level. Presently, the Nigerian power industry is undergoing restructuring, especially in the generation and distribution systems. In view of the deregulation of electricity distribution and marketing, the traditional practices of the Nigerian power system are undergoing changes to address the identified problems in the existing power system. Sp

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Soni, Palvi, and Gajendra Tandan. "Impact assessment of ATC variation under normal as well as contingency condition for wind power generation." E3S Web of Conferences 564 (2024): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202456404003.

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A copetitive electricity market ensures that there is sufficient energy and that the system functions effectively, despite the fact that system congestion is one of the most significant problems. A method for calculating the ATC for Contingency Management is demonstrated in the current work. ATC assists in locating the most efficient line within the system so that additional power can be transmitted from that line. It is necessary for system operators to be aware of available transfer capability (ATC) in order to ensure that the electricity market is both equitable and transparent. There are a

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Sekita, Ko, and Akihiko Yokoyama. "A New Evaluation Method of Available Transfer Capability of Tie Lines between Control Areas Considering Power Supply Reliability Margins." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 129, no. 1 (2009): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.129.41.

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VENU, V. VIJAY, and A. K. VERMA. "RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT FOR PLANNING AND OPERATIONAL PROCESS ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN DEREGULATED POWER SYSTEMS USING ATC." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 17, no. 03 (2010): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539310003809.

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In this paper, beginning with a concise overview of the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) evaluation methods, we make a proposition for reliability management in the planning horizon of deregulated power systems through the concept of Adequacy Resiliency. The derived indices are meant as indicators of adaptability of power systems to ensure the required reliability levels. Improvements to this conceptualization upon the deployment of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices are then put forward. We also explore the option of employing the created indices to the operational horizon of

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bin Salim, Norhafiz. "Optimal Location of UPFC with ATC Calculation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 896–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.896.

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Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices namely Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) will gives a basic control for transmission line real/reactive power flow and bus voltage/shunt reactive power. UPFC helps in regulating the power and mitigating the rotor speed instability and damping oscillations. UPFC placement was conducted at each line in the entire network system to obtain the most suitable optimum location for most effectiveness performance. The performance of the optimal UPFC location is checked by applying a fault across a transmission line to which UPFC is connected and the po

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Omorogiuwa, E., and E. Harrisson. "Determination of available transfer capability (ATC) in a competitive electricity market using Nigerian 3-bus and 14-bus power network as case study." Nigerian Journal of Technology 37, no. 3 (2018): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v37i3.30.

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Zakaryaseraji, Maede, and Ali Ghasemi-Marzbali. "Evaluating Congestion Management of Power System considering the Demand Response Program and Distributed Generation." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (June 20, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5818757.

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With increasing the energy demand, the optimal and safe operation of power systems is the main challenge for engineers. Thus, a technique for the optimal implementation of demand response programs (DRPs), installation of distributed generation (DG) with power transmission distribution factors, and DC dynamic load flow is presented in this paper. In fact, finding the optimal time execution of DRPs and the bus for installing wind units with its probabilistic effects is considered. In this model, the congestion is decreased and the available transfer capability (ATC) rates are significantly impro

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Girard-Buttoz, Cédric, Martin Surbeck, Liran Samuni, et al. "Information transfer efficiency differs in wild chimpanzees and bonobos, but not social cognition." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1929 (2020): 20200523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0523.

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Several theories have been generated to understand the socio-cognitive mechanisms underlying the unique cooperative abilities of humans. The ‘interdependence hypothesis' posits first, that the cognitive dimension of human cooperation evolved in contexts when several individuals needed to act together to achieve a common goal, like when hunting large prey. Second, the more interdependent individuals are, the more likely they are to provide services to conspecifics in other contexts. Alternatively, the ‘social tolerance hypothesis' proposes that higher social tolerance allows conspecifics to coo

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Thakur, Niharika, Y. K. Awasthi, Manisha Hooda, and Anwar Shahzad Siddiqui. "Adaptive whale optimization for intelligent multi-constraints power quality improvement under deregulated environment." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 17, no. 3 (2019): 490–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-08-2018-0130.

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Purpose Power quality issues highly affect the secure and economic operations of the power system. Although numerous methodologies are reported in the literature, flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices play a primary role. However, the FACTS devices require optimal location and sizing to perform the power quality enhancement effectively and in a cost efficient manner. This paper aims to attain the maximum power quality improvements in IEEE 30 and IEEE 57 test bus systems. Design/methodology/approach This paper contributes the adaptive whale optimization algorithm (AWO

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Ejebe, G. C., J. Tong, J. G. Waight, J. G. Frame, X. Wang, and W. F. Tinney. "Available transfer capability calculations." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 13, no. 4 (1998): 1521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.736300.

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