Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Avant-garde (esthétique) – France – Paris (France)'
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Joyeux-Prunel, Béatrice. ""Nul n'est prophète en son pays. . . " ou la logique avant-gardiste : l'internationalisation de la peinture des avant-gardes parisiennes : 1855-1914." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010522.
Full textManneheut-Frémont, Béatrice. "Le milieu artistique à Paris entre 1896 et 1908 : contribution à l'étude sur la naissance des avant-gardes." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20039.
Full textThis study seeks to analyse some elements of the Parisian artistic environment between 1896 and 1908. The bend of the 20th century is considered as a transitory period -the end of the symbolism and the beginning of the avant-gardes- without that one always measures it the artistic "reality". The formation of a new artistic consciousness is not the fact only of an avant-garde aside which often amounts in some names (Picasso, Matisse or Apollinaire), but includes numbers of personalities, artists, writers and underestimated art critics, integrated too into the history of modernity. So we tried to develop, in a first part, some artistic manifestations which connect a set of personalities who occupy a not unimportant place within the literary, philosophic and artistiic activity of the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, the Polish philosopher Mécislas Golberg, whose relations with Guillaume Apollinaire, and Henri Matisse were able to be cleared up thanks to the contribution of new correspondences, appears as an essential link in the progress of the constitution of the avant-garde. In a second time, it principles of networks and collusions among several personalities was widened in the district Montparnasse, what allowed us to clarify the artistic genesis of it, well before its consecration from 1910's. Finally, through the changes of the art criticism, we tried to reinstate in this history of the birth of the avant-gardes, some texts of art critics which allow us better to understand some evolutions, in particular that of the poetry-criticism through Marius-Ary Leblond's papers
Huesca, Roland. "Paris à l'époque des ballets russes, 1909-1913 : histoire culturelle de l'esthétique." Strasbourg 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20096.
Full textOn their very first visit to paris, in 1909, S. De diaghilev's russian ballets met with a huge success. With such works as giselle, le pavillon d'armide or les sylphides, the choreographer, m. Fokine not only followed the rules of the dance tradition, but he also revived it. The parisian elite, who still craved on the values of the peerage, enjoyed seeing the greatness and the beauty of a appreciated to discover the russian painters' vividly coloured backdrops, which reminded them of the impressionistic style, a style that paris was proud to have been the centre of moreover, the russian dancers, full of enthusiasm and exultation, also recreated the values of a mythical orient, which has been dreamt of ever since the xixth century. The dancers' steps and gestures embodied a vision of eroticism and barbarous ardour. Thus, the russian ballets allowed the well-to-do parisians to meet their fantasies. Things changed with v. Nijinsky. Three of his works, l'apres-midi d'un faune, first played in 1912, jeux and le sacre du printemps both premiered in 1913, were highly controversial. Tradition gave way to the avant-garde. The young choreographer, considered a "modern" artist by all, id not follow the rules of ballet, but his rite of spring renewed the sense of sacred things. Critics id not know how to account for so many signs of novelty and semantic transpositions seem to have been only way out. Did v. Nijinksy create cubist choreographies? Taking the opportunity the supporters of the french aesthetic nationalism, who felt threatened, tried to impose their own sense of what beauty and good taste should be. The russian ballets with their various performances met triumphs a well as scandals. A phenomenological analysis of these dance evenings allows the elaboration of a cultural history of aesthetics what the press wrote, what people said, the pictures that were taken or the films which try to create the performances are useful to a hermeneutic work. Three steps mark the method used here : first there is a description,,then an elaboration is followed by the next one, the belle epoque's perceptions and representations of art are little unveiled
Schiau-Botea, Diana. "Le texte et le lieu du spectacle de La Plume au Mur. Stéphane Mallarmé parmi les avant-gardes." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030043/document.
Full textAs Peter Sloterdijk writes, the development of mass media such as lowcost popular newspapers challenges radically the humanist conception of the book as letter generating friendship. Citizens of the newborn republic can no longer share the same values thanks to canonical, national, or universal readings. At the end of the 19th century, for that reason, journalists and writers attempt to create new opportunities which allow them to abolish the distance and meet their public. This dissertation examines and compares four different artistic journals – L’Hydropathe, Le Chat Noir, La Plume et Le Mur – whose creators organize literary gatherings or shadow theater shows in different venues designed for this purpose : cafés, small auditoriums in the Latin Quarter, and cabarets in Montmartre. Nomad students « settle down », create new texts, and decorate the walls, and this work becomes a very important part of their identity. However, one will be surprised to discover similar concerns in the work of a solitary writer, who did not particularly like to speak in public. Stéphane Mallarmé is indeed a writer, as Jacques Rancière says, « infinitely aware of his time ». We shall see that both Mallarmé and the avant-gardes studied in this dissertation produce democratic performances which atttempt to transpose the irreducible contradictions of modern times into exemplary figures. In a joyful, carnivalesque way mostly, the staging of fragmentary writing and of artistic frames invites us visibly to imagine communities
Cicali, Ilaria. "Alexander Archipenko (1909-1914) : une oeuvre au carrefour des expériences de la sculpture moderne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100094.
Full textBetween his arrival in Paris in 1909, and the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Alexander Archipenko created nearly fifty sculptures, which he presented at the Salon des Indépendants, the Salon d’Automne, numerous cubist exhibitions, as well as two personal exhibitions organized in Germany (Hagen and Berlin). His name appeared often in the reviews of the Salons that were published in the press. Considered as both a ‘cubist sculptor’ and a ‘novateur élégant’ (in the decorative sense), Archipenko actively participated in both of these artistic currents, which together led to the development of modern sculpture. Despite his importance, only part of his artistic production from this period is generally known today, many of the works were lost or re-worked at a later date. The aim of this thesis is to reconstitute his corpus of work in its original state, as well as document his participation in expositions, in order to place Archipenko’s artwork within the Parisian antebellum artistic scene, and in doing so, create a context in which his work may be compared to that of other sculptors, colleagues, and painters of the epoch. This work is based upon an attentive formal analysis of these works, and thorough review of the exhibition catalogue of the period. And also, by the analysis of different archives, among which the “Der Strum” archives (Staatsbibliothek of Berlin), the Archipenko Foundation’s ones (Bearsville, NY) and those of American Art (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.). From this research emerges the portrait of an artist who fully embraced the spirit of discovery of his times
Christófoglou, Mártha-'Ellī. ""Avant-gardes" et politisation dans l'art néohellénique (1965-1975)." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010508.
Full textRicaud, Lucy. "Esprit d'avant-garde, esthétique et idéologie du vorticisme." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30044.
Full textThis thesis aims at determining to what extent the vorticist movement can be considered to be an avant-garde movement. Does it indeed merit this title? for, it is not enough for it to be merely contemporary in time with other movements, that do comply with the definition of the avant-garde, for us to be able to affirm that vorticism complies too. The movement must thus be considered from three essential standpoints. First, our study of vorticism must be developed with the characteristics and practices of other avant-garde movements in mind. There will therefore be a discussion of movements that are contemporary with vorticism, like imagism or post-expressionism, or those that precede vorticism, such as expressionism, fauvism, dada, suprematism or rayonism. Or again, movements that follow on from vorticism, like surrealism and unanimism. Above all, the discussion will involve the two pet hates of vorticism, two other roughly contemporary movements, futurism and cubism. With these sister movements, vorticism shares a sense of aggresivity, which results no doubt from the military etymology of the term avant-garde, and with this a sense of artistic experimentation at all costs, insipred by the technological developments of the historical context of the time. However, beneath this apparently ultra-modern wrapping a central oxymoron becomes clear : vorticism is a reactionary avant-garde movement. Beneath its avant-garde facades and posturing lies an authoritarian and anti-democratic ideology which runs against the tide, which refuses to go forwards, in true avant-garde style, butwhich wants to go back in time, to an art of strict classical formalism accompanied by a corresponding political theory. The stylistic experimentation of the vorticists, their obsession for the formal exactitude and severity of a geometric style and of abstraction, reflects the intolerance and anti-humanism of their political and moral standpoint. This anti-humanism is aimed particulary against, first women, then homosexuals, and finally the common man and the common reader. It is expressed not only through the contents of the pamphlets and philosophical essays of the members of the group, but also through the feeling of indifference that dominates their portraits or character portrayl. We can thus conclude that the desire to include vorticism within the defined bounds of a rigourous study
Le, Tellier Hervé. "L'Oulipo : langages et esthétique de la complicité." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070062.
Full textThe oulipo, Ouvroir de littérature potentielle, was born in 1960, and founded by Raymond Queneau and François Le Lionnais. Neither school nor movement, nor avant-garde, this co-commission of the College of Pataphysique regroups writers and mathematicians, writers who are also mathematicians, mathematicians who are also writers. For forty years and still now, its touchstone is the exploration of the link between mathematics and literature, a link that can be described through various notions, evolutive and changing : structure, constraint, order, axiomatic, manipulation, combinatory, process, procedure, etc. Its project is to "think / classify" constraints. But, from the reader's point of view, this project can also be understood under a triple angle where complicity is involved : the connivance can be immediate (passive complicity), cultural (as, truly, for all writing), or lead to the construction of an "oulipian reader". "This oulipian reader" must be ready to carry out a real effort, that exceeds from far the natural and conventional contract between the reader and the author. But oulipian complicity spreads thus far beyond the mere works of its members. It surpasses the common choice (nevertheless entirely individual) to resort to constraints. It defines imperceptibly, through the games induced by forms and language, a relationship to the world, a simultaneously serious and facetious relationship. Wisdom often walks along with derisory. This ancient tradition, perhaps even antique, far from a permanently agonizing modernism and any taxinomist and illusory post-modernism, simply anchors Oulipo in what may be called by its name : humanity
Archer-Straw, Petrine. "Negrophilia Paris in the 1920's : a study of the artistic interest in and appropriation of, Negro cultural forms in Paris during that period." Online version, 1994. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/34427.
Full textMarçot, Jean-Louis. "La belle utopie : la France, son avant-garde et l'Algérie (1830-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0401.
Full textFrench Algeria - that is to say the annexation of part of Africa and its Gallicization by means of massive settlings of european population -, is the result of a new colonial project. This project, for which the Egyptian Expedition under the directoire have paved the way, could not achieved without a social dimension that only the springing up socialism was able to give it. The thesis analyzes this contribution, reconstruct until 1848 the hizstory of this (first) socialism and its diverse components in the light of the "Algerian question" studied step by step
Linford, Sarah. "Le symbolisme et la Troisième République : la tradition comme avant-garde, 1871-1915." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20004.
Full textPironneau, Amélie. "La crise de la peinture en France 1968-2000 : mort et résurrection." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010599.
Full textPrudon, Montserrat. "Les mouvements d'avant-garde entre Barcelone et Madrid (esthétique et idéologie) (1929-1936)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040223.
Full textThis thesis proposes us to study the various trends which (from europe and especially from paris) made their way into the iberian peninsula, thus generating a flow of exchanges between the two cultural capitals: barcelona and madrid. The dates which determine the period can be accounted for by their historical and cultural significants (universal exibition and civil war). Several unpublished works (essay, correspondance) made it possible to focus on the question in a perspective both aesthetic and ideological. In catalonia, the reaction to avant-garde trends aroused an awarness close to nationalism and determined the attitude of literary and artistic circles, a phenomenon echoed by the centralizing reaction of the capital. The events tackled here are predominantly literary. However, they do not preclude attention to artistic reviews or to other aspects of plastic or musical creation (such as influence of cubism or surrealism and the problematic penetration of serial music). The plural approach adopted in this research combines the perusal of the press, the critical study of text and the analysis of works of art. The resulting conclusions clearly show that, if barcelona did act as the core of all these avant-gardes, the confrontation with new aesthetics conditionned an ideological stand and heralded the dawn of catalanism
Chéroux, Clément. "Une généalogie des formes récréatives en photographie : 1890-1940." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010598.
Full textBrun, Éric. "Guy Debord et l'Internationale situationniste : sociologie d'une avant-garde « totale »." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0076.
Full textAt the crossing of the intellectual's sociology, political sociology and the sociology of artistic movements, this PhD dissertation analyzes the evolution of a group named "Situationist International" (S. I. ) and of its leader, Guy Debord (1931-1994). It was founded in 1957 from the merging of some small groups of "avant-garde" artists, it became a "revolutionnary" political movement during the 1960s. The core of this dissertation is to understand this "reconversion" by studying the social properties, the positions and the stands taken by the situationnists, such a reconversion, wich can also be considered as the decompartmentalization of the different social sectors of activity, is an opportunity to test a new object of the concept of field forged by Pierre Bourdieu. It also sheds a new light on the relationships artists and intellectuals maintain with politics. In keeping with its work on redefining the conceptions of creation and selflessness, the S. I. Is led to take some distance from the artistic field. Its reconversion into "revolutionary" activism is also related to the issues at stake for literary and artistic field. Its reconversion into "revolutionnary" activism is also related to the issues at stake for litterary and artistic avant-gardes in the 1950s. As well as to a transformation of the space of political possibles at the beginning of the 1960s. Lastly, it brings out internal struggles within the movement, the study of wich reveals the mechanisms that control the forming of avant-garde groups as well as the obstacles to the their becoming international
Suh, Young-Hie. "Supports/Surfaces devant la critique." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010554.
Full textParkmann, Fedora. "Paris-Prague. Transferts en photographie, 1918-1939." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040134.
Full textThis dissertation sets forth to explicate the transfers that occurred in photography between France and the Czech Lands during the interwar period. Rooted in a material approach towards the various circulations of individuals, images and concepts, this study considers the Czech photographic scene in light of its specific relation to France and analyzes the resulting hybridizations. The research focuses on photographic vectors such as photomechanical reproductions, exhibition catalogues and the activities of mediators and photographers working between the two countries. It illuminates a network of relations between French, German and Russian impulses and describes also the export of a local photographic production. The Czech surrealist current is a prominent hybridization that resulted from the strong reception of the French photographic scene. It was exported again as an original Czech production, and as such exemplifies the process of mutual circulation and transformation that describes the concept of transfer. An expansive study of Czech journeys to France, their photographic experience of the country and their subsequent contribution to the “Paris school of photography” complete this overview of the interactions and transfers between both countries.By situating Czech photography within the discourse of cultural transfers, this dissertation reveals actors, images, concepts and developments that until now have been critically absent from national photography histories. It also demonstrates how the receptivity of Czech photographers to France in return favored the emergence of photographic modernism in their country
Trespeuch, Hélène. "Fin de partie, nouvelle donne : l'historiographie de l'art abstrait en France et aux États-Unis, 1977-1990." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010669.
Full textGauthier, Ambre. "Les revues de galeries en France dans l’entre-deux-guerres (1918-1940)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100062.
Full textArt production in France is changed in the interwar years by the globalization of the art market, the vitality of the avant-gardes and the unprecedented diffusion of art periodicals. The art gallery, through the actions of socially and politically committed art dealers, is becoming a major place for the modern art market. Dedicated to the trade of artworks, it acquires a new identity by encouraging socialization and intellectual debates. This context creates new communication means for art galleries: the art gallery magazine. As a promotion tool, the main mission of the periodical is to spread news about exhibitions and artists related to the gallery. Sustained by the ideals of their editors, they offer an open platform, an utopian space of free speech and dialogue, where art theories and contemporary art market analysis, score settling and satirical tracts, literature and poetry meet. Beyond its promotional function, the art gallery magazine, as a sociological object, also establishes links between the various players of a social and cultural group. The main gallery magazines of the 20th Century (Les Arts à Paris, 1918-1935; le Bulletin de la vie artistique, 1919-1926; le Bulletin de la galerie B. Weill, 1923-1935; le Bulletin de l’Effort moderne, 1924-1927) invent lasting editorial references that will last throughout the 20th century. Operating in Paris, art gallery magazines fall within an international cultural context, as demonstrated by the presence of such magazines in the United States (291), Belgium (Le Centaure) or Germany (Der Querschnitt), all developing their own specificities
Pakenham, Michael. "Une revue d'avant-garde au lendemain de 1870 : La Renaissance littéraire et artistique, dirigée par Emile Blémont." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040247.
Full textThe study of la renaissance litteraire et artisitique, itself the main new literary journal to be published between 1871-74, is preceded by an analysis of its origins, the immediate one being the aftermath of 1870, but is roots are to be found in the parnassian group and a literary dinner (the vilains bonshommes) founded during, but opposed to, the second empire, most of the main contributors posed for fantin-latour's coin de table exhibited at the 1872 salon. Of these verlaine, rimbaud, valade and camille pelletan were also members of the satirical group known as the zutistes. Particular attention is paid to emile blemont, leon valade, jean aicard, pierre elzear, albert merat and camille pelletan and importance is attached to the rising generation of 1870 which includ4es two mem of genius, charles cros and villiers de l'isleadam. Art and music are not neglected at a turning point in french cultural history, saint-saens, for example, was the principal music critic, keen to found a national school to counteract wagner
Gramfort, Valérie. "L'année 1869." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030033.
Full textThis research has been done through a synchronic study of the literary life in 1869, through the perusal of Paris daily press as well as analysis of novels, plays and poems from that period. First and foremost, we tried to take stock of the literary production taking into account the historical, economic, scientific and artistic context of the time. Why chose 1869 ? Because this date is both a sign and an inevitable landmark. Just one year before the war broke out between France and Prussia and the third republic was proclaimed, 1869 was marked by the opening of the Suez canal, the centenary of Napoléon I But also by the results general election that revealed already the weakness of Napoleon III reign. From a literary viewpoint, 1869 is a transition year when Balzac's entire works were republished, the framework of the Rougon-Macquart cycle was set up and were published the Education sentimentale, l'Homme qui rit, Madame Gervaisais, Vingt mille lieues sous les mers or Les Chants de Maldoror
Marre, Oriane. "La réception de l’avant-garde artistique dans la presse politique en France, de l’impressionnisme au fauvisme (1874-1905)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040074.
Full textIn this thesis we study how the artistic avant-garde was perceived by the political press in France during the first thirty years of the Third Republic. We propose to question the notion of avant-garde by studying it through the political prism, trying to ascertain what the artists’ politically aware contemporaries used to consider avant-garde art. We do not focus on the political commitments of the artists, but on the way their art was perceived. We chose to consider a rather long period of time, ranging from 1874 to 1905, from Impressionism to Post-impressionism. The first exhibition of the impressionist group took place just after the Third Republic was proclaimed, on the 4th of September 1870, and the unsuccessful attempt to restore the Monarchy in 1873, but before the Wallon amendment voted in 1875, which formalized the establishment of the Republic. We study its reception both in the wake of the establishment of the Republic and as this political regime settles in France, when the Republicans cease to be part of the opposition and start leading the country. Analysing the reception of the art movements emerging in the late 1880’s allows us to grasp how the political audience reacted to the artistic production from the Moderate Republican government to the Radicals’ – formerly called intransigeants in the late 1870’s. Although the purpose of the political press was not to discuss art per se, it still reported artistic and political events, hierarchically presenting them on a daily basis. Acting as a powerful tool to explore the expectations and reactions of its intended politically aware readers, the political press remains a very relevant source for art historians
Amao, Damarice. "Passion et Désillusion. Eli Lotar (1905-1969) : Contribution à une histoire des rapports entre les avant-gardes photographique et cinématographique à Paris dans l’entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040036.
Full textEli Lotar passed away in Paris in 1969 after a long but low-key career as a photographer and filmmaker. While one of the pioneers of the New Vision in France alongside Germaine Krull, one has to wait year 1993 for a first solo show to be devoted by the Centre Pompidou. Meanwhile, his documentary Aubervilliers (1945) and his work as director of photography with Luis Buñuel and Alberto Cavalcanti ensured him a solid reputation in cinephile circles after the Second World War.His identity as a modern photographer, on the other hand, takes more time to take shape. In parallel with this revaluation initiated in the late 1970s, in the field of studies on surrealism, the series of the Abattoirs de la Villette he published in the review Documents (1929) allows him to become one of the icons of the avant-garde.Surrealism, avant-garde cinema, New Vision: Lotar delivered in each of these fields iconic images while he remains an opaque and complex figure. From unpublished sources, this study proposes to consider his career the one hand into the expanded network of Parisian and European avant-garde, the other in the light of its second identity as a filmmaker and cinephile. Peripheral subject in the field of studies of inter-war French photography, links between photography and cinema partly establish the new modernist visual paradigm of the era whose Eli Lotar would be one of the exemplary figures in Paris
Marcolini, Patrick. "Esthétique et politique du mouvement situationniste : pour une généalogie de ses pratiques et de ses théories (1952-1972)." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE2001.
Full textArtistic avant-gardes of the first part of the 20th century had started to bring closer, and for some of them to collaborate to the contemporary political movements, but the situationist movement (which begun in 1952 with the foundation of the Lettrist International, and ended in 1972 with the auto-dissolution of the Situationist International) was characterized by the complete fusion between art and politics. From this viewpoint, our work demonstrates how spectacle, which was initially used by situationists to designate the artistic representation and the passive and compensatory contemplation that accompanies it, proved to be for them the paradigmatic experience of the modern man faced with the products of his activity in the capitalist society. We also demonstrate how dérive and psychogeography, which were initially thought in the context of the supersession of art, were used by situationists as means to protest against the established order, making a critique of everyday life, and to imagine another form of society. Finally, we show how this vision of another society was divided between a futuristic utopia based on the technological development and a revolutionary romanticism inspired by the examples of the nomadic peoples and the medieval societies
Vuong, Thomas. "Usages du sonnet européen (Allemagne, France, Grande-Bretagne, Italie) durant la Seconde Guerre-Mondiale (1939-1945)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD089.
Full textThis study consists in a wide, comprehensive overview of the usages of the poetic form of the sonnet during the Second World War in France, Germany, Great Britain and Italy. Such a process aims at gathering close readings of sonnets, in order to highlight the mechanisms of a blooming form in the midst of a dürftiger Zeit. Many poets resort indeed to the sonnet in order to give a frame to a singular or collective experience of the chaos unleashed throughout Europe.The way these recourses to the sonnet interact with the role of poetry in a time of wide reception and collective crisis will be scrutinized in the light of political commitment, religious or ideological biases and the questioning of the former foundations of Western European culture, all of which can interfere in poetry’s proper motives.This work’s proposal is that the sonnet can be used as an ordered form, either to set a demiurgic stand in front of the chaotic situation of the continent, or so as to accept it. Neither poetic stances do necessarily lead to a disordering of the form itself ; however, both conservative and rejuvenating usages of the sonnet have in common the ability to deeply question poetry’s relation to the world
Heinen, Johanna. "Ein „jüdisches“ Mäzenatentum für moderne französische Kunst ? : das Fallbeispiel der Nationalgalerie im Berlin der wilhelminischen Ära (1882-1911)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0158.
Full textHugo von Tschudi, director of the National Gallery from 1896 to 1908, bravely defied the Willhelmian art doctrine by displaying French modern art in the museum known as the "temple of German art". Many times, he and the collection of French modern art in the National Gallery were the subject of publications on art history. However the motivation of the patrons who funded these art works was mostly disregarded. The few publications that treated of patrons of French modern art in Berlin focused on Jewish patrons. The engagement of these patrons was explained by such attributes as cosmopolitanism and modernity that would be particularly characteristic of this group. Additionally, the case was made that such patronage constituted a political affront from the self-confident and liberal bourgeoisie to the Willhelmian regime. However, the fact that some of Tschudi's art patrons, such as the Mendelssohns, has been baptized for several generations, and that others known as "Kaiserjuden" were personally acquainted with the emperor Wilhem II, calls these theories into question. This disertation explores the motivation behind the patronage of the politically contested art and wether the Jewish origin of the art patrons still had an influence on patronage and artistic tastes in modern times
Saillier, Didier. "Michel Leiris en ses revues (1924-1990)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHESA146.
Full textBeing present in the French intellectual milieux troughout the XX century, Michel Leiris (1901-1990) published a lot in the journals wich aimed to become show-cases of the activities of various literary and artistic movements, of avant-garde in the first place. The autobiographic writings and ethnological work of Michel Leiris have concealed this aspect of his creative activities, and it has not yet been studied systematically. The thesis borrows the approaches from different disciplines - the history of ideas, literary and art history, history of anthropology, sociology and psychoanalysis. The first part analyses the life-path of the writer-ethnologist. The conceptions of Pierre Bourdieu's theory are used to highlight how the logic and constraints of literary field acted in the life of Leiris who had avoided the path predetermined by his family and social class to join the artistic circles. The second part follows chronologically the passages of Leiris in the world of journals and shows the originality of his voice and of his contribution to the following journals : La Révolution surréaliste, Documents, Les Cahiers du Sud, Minotaure, La critique sociale, La Nouvelle revue française, La Bête noire, Les lettres françaises, Les Temps modernes, Présence africaine, Critique, Gradhiva
Fraixe, Catherine. "Art français ou art européen ? : l'histoire de l'art moderne en France : culture, politique et récits historiques, 1900-1960." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0115.
Full textThis thesis studies a series of « histories of modern art », which circulated in France between 1900 and 1960, as a « hypertext» whose transformations can be understood as political reinterpretations of the same question, that is the form of the community they« describe ». Thus in the first half of the XX th Century, those narratives establish complex relations, and sharp distinctions, between «nation» and «Europe », «people» and «elites », «ethnic groups» and «races ». The organicist model the Third Republic favoured around 1900 and which triumphed al the Salon d'Automne would structure during three decades a narrative which referred either to the so-called psychology of the peoples or to the creative power of an elite, which according to the Action française, would save a Western Civilisation rooted in a Latin tradition. At the end of 1920s, the imperialist model of a « French Europe », dear to the maurrassians, coexisted with a narrative stressing the ethnic caracteristics of each « Europeân people ». Ln the early 30s, the political myth of a Latin Civilisation was at last dispeIIed in favour of the biological conception of a « Latin Europe » composed of ethnie groups belonging to the same « racial type ». A new « history of art» was designed to spread ideas similar to those of the diverse European fascisms. The «history of modern art », focused on international avant-gardes expressing the values of the « free world », that American and European groups tried to impose in the early 1950s, would then conflict not only with nationalist representations but also with the supranational, ethno-racial, « European » models of the interwar period
Barón, Jaime. "Le sujet poétique chez Apollinaire et Huidobro : recherches autour du mythe du poète dans le contexte avant-gardiste." Bordeaux 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR30047.
Full textSummary : Successive breaking-ups of the oxymoron-subject in Apollinaire from 1907-1908 onwards lead to a stable semiotic definition of the I-as-Poet. The crisis of poetry is taken charge of by this definition that may undergo allotopic returns (scissions) or be projected towards its spatial and calligrammatic opening up. In Huidobro's work, the tmesis-subject responds with a progressively euphemised strategy of disjunction in 1917-1918. In the structure of tmesis, we spot a passage announced by several symptoms (refraction, ostranenie, the theme of clocks) which reread the Apollinarian crisis by acknowledging the absence of a poetic present. Hence the need to deploy an implicit narration of the myth of the poet, dynamised by massive use of quotations from Apollinaire. Altazor redefines this narrative nourished by a post-biblical or “Altazorian” culture, a dialogue with the avant-gardes and oxymoric resurgences from Apollinaire. A parallel between Huidobro and Reverdy from 1915 to 1918 allows us to detect both the specificity of this Huidobrian myth and its continuity with the literary past, while a comparison with Dada and Surrealism (in the 20s) situates it on the background of questions of legitimacy diversely oriented on conflictive pragmatic axes. The representation of the subject as a dual sign reveals its several areas of oscillation (historical, aesthetic and cultural) and confirms in the poetic scripture of the war the wholistic and mediating goal of the oxymoric system, as opposed to the tmesis-subject obliged to re-balance the crisis from a figural and cultural point of view
Trespeuch-Berthelot, Anna. "Des situationnistes aux situationnisme : genèse, circulation et réception d'une théorie critique en Occident (1948-2009)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010532.
Full textNédélec, Marine. "De l'incohérence à l'humour, Dada et le surréalisme dans le miroir de la presse : réception et diffusion de Dada et du surréalisme par la presse française (1920-1927)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H084.
Full textWhat is left to examine about Dada and the Surrealism almost a hundred years after the birth of these movements? Numerous studies have dealt with the subject, yet the reactions of their contemporaries have still to be explored. If Dada’s and the Surrealism’s reception among the public has been touched upon by scholars, it remains an unexplored aspect of these movements. This thesis relies upon the analysis of a hundred and twenty-six titles from the 1920’s French press in order to fill this gap by exploring the reception of Dada and Surrealism. The structure of this thesis has been built upon the themes found in the press articles. The first part shows how Dada and to a lesser extent Surrealism have been perceived as incoherent, absurd and thus unintelligible. By trying to explain the reasons of this Dadaist incoherence, this first part touches upon the notion of hermeticism. Then, the second part analyses Dadaist humour through its mystification and laughter which often turns to be offensive and tragic. By cross-reading the various critical assessments of these two movements, this thesis allows us to put back these avant-guardes in their own historical contexts. It unveils their history which is underlined by the concerns of the 1920’s. in addition, the analysis of their reception enables us to insert these two movements in a cartography of references which goes back to the Antiquity, continues in the Middle Ages, expands in the 19th century and comes to an end in the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, Dada and Surrealism have been read and evaluated in relation to artistic and literary history, from Romanticism to Futurism, right through Symbolism, Incoherent Arts, Impressionism, post-Impressionism, Cubism and the Humorists
Samacher, Jean-Yves Olivier. "Le statut de l'œuvre chez Antonin Artaud et David Nebreda." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC029/document.
Full textWhich logic is guiding the multimodal creations proposed by Antonin Artaud and David Nebreda ? What kind of status can be applied to their “(art)works” ? In order to answer these questions, we will lead an esthetical research and study concurrently the specificities of the creative process in psychosis. We will examine Artaud’s and Nebreda’s productions through the notions of setting and performativity. We will underline the abolition of representation and the crumbling of the stage as well as the limits of play / subjectivity. We will show the predominance of the Real and Imaginary registers as they have been conceived by JacquesLacan. By Artaud and Nebreda, the uncontrolled corporal manifestations and the intra-psychicconflicts generate simultaneous recreations of the body and language as, in the same time, they achieve a sort of sort killing ceremony, tracing unseen signs, outlining strange trails and pointing toward the horizon of a new birth