Relevant bibliographies by topics / AVC video coding and decoding standard

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'AVC video coding and decoding standard'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "AVC video coding and decoding standard"

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Wang, Jian Jun, Li Zhou, and Tao Sun. "Analysis and Evaluation of HEVC." Applied Mechanics and Materials 577 (July 2014): 1030–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.577.1030.

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HEVC video coding standard is the next generation of H.264 coding standard, which is able to achieve twice coding efficiency compared with H.264/AVC High Profile. This paper analyzes the key features of HEVC standard based on HEVC reference software HM12.0. Experiments cover different resolutions ranging from 240p to 1600p. The most complex parts of HEVC decoder are intra prediction, loop filter and inverse transform when video sequences are coded with all-intra configuration. When video sequences are coded in random-access configuration, HEVC decoding process is occupied by motion compensation, which takes nearly half of the decoding time. Experiment results indicate that HEVC standard can achieve 50% average bit-rate saving compared with H.264.
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Yong Ho Moon, Gyu Yeong Kim, and Jae Ho Kim. "An efficient decoding of CAVLC in H.264/AVC video coding standard." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 51, no. 3 (August 2005): 933–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2005.1510506.

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Moon, Yong Ho. "A New Coeff-Token Decoding Method With Efficient Memory Access in H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 17, no. 6 (June 2007): 729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2007.896657.

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Cheng, Shuli, Liejun Wang, Naixiang Ao, and Qingqing Han. "A Selective Video Encryption Scheme Based on Coding Characteristics." Symmetry 12, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12030332.

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The protection of video data has become a hot topic of research. Researchers have proposed a series of coding algorithms to ensure the safe and efficient transmission of video information. We propose an encryption scheme that can protect video information with higher security by combining the video coding algorithm with encryption algorithm. The H.264/AVC encoding algorithm encodes the video into multiple slices, and the slices are independent of each other. With this feature, we encrypt each slice while using the cipher feedback (CFB) mode of the advanced encryption standard (AES) with the dynamic key. The key is generated by the pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) and updated in real time. The encryption scheme goes through three phases: constructing plaintext, encrypting plaintext, and replacing the original bitstream. In our scheme, we encrypt the code stream after encoding, so it does not affect the coding efficiency. The purpose of the CFB mode while using the AES encryption algorithm is to maintain the exact same bit rate and produce a format compatible bitstream. This paper proposes a new four-dimensional (4-D) hyperchaotic algorithm to protect data privacy in order to further improve the security of video encryption. Symmetric encryption requires that the same key is used for encryption and decoding. In this paper, the symmetry method is used to protect the privacy of video data due to the large amount of video encrypted data. In the experiment, we evaluated the proposed algorithm while using different reference video sequences containing motion, texture, and objects.
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Seeling, Patrick, and Martin Reisslein. "Video Traffic Characteristics of Modern Encoding Standards: H.264/AVC with SVC and MVC Extensions and H.265/HEVC." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/189481.

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Video encoding for multimedia services over communication networks has significantly advanced in recent years with the development of the highly efficient and flexible H.264/AVC video coding standard and its SVC extension. The emerging H.265/HEVC video coding standard as well as 3D video coding further advance video coding for multimedia communications. This paper first gives an overview of these new video coding standards and then examines their implications for multimedia communications by studying the traffic characteristics of long videos encoded with the new coding standards. We review video coding advances from MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 Part 2 to H.264/AVC and its SVC and MVC extensions as well as H.265/HEVC. For single-layer (nonscalable) video, we compare H.265/HEVC and H.264/AVC in terms of video traffic and statistical multiplexing characteristics. Our study is the first to examine the H.265/HEVC traffic variability for long videos. We also illustrate the video traffic characteristics and statistical multiplexing of scalable video encoded with the SVC extension of H.264/AVC as well as 3D video encoded with the MVC extension of H.264/AVC.
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Wiegand, T., G. J. Sullivan, G. Bjontegaard, and A. Luthra. "Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 13, no. 7 (July 2003): 560–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2003.815165.

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Kim, Chung Hyo, Tae Sik Kong, Young Jun Lee, Hee Dong Kim, and Young Ho Ju. "High Speed Decoding of Entropy Codes in H.264/AVC Based on a Symbol Prediction." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1262.

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H.264/AVC is adopted as a next generation moving picture compression standard. Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) is the major entropy coding algorithm employed in H.264/AVC. Although the performance gain of H.264/AVC is mostly resulted from CABAC, it is difficult to implement a high-throughput decoder due to its decoding complexity. Although CABAC excludes a multiplication, the algorithm is basically sequential and needs large computations to compute some important variables, which are range, offset and context variables. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve fast decoding performance. In this paper, a prediction scheme is proposed to decode maximally two bits at a time and thus to reduce overall decoding time. A CABAC decoder based on the proposed prediction scheme reduces total cycles by 24% compared to conventional decoders.
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Milicevic, Zoran, and Zoran Bojkovic. "An approach to selective intra coding and early inter skip prediction in H.264/AVC standard." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 21, no. 1 (2008): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee0801107m.

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This paper presents selective intra coding and early inter skip fast mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC and compares performance of H.264/AVC with prior standards. Video coding standard H.264/AVC provides gains in compression efficiency of up to 50% over a wide range of bit rates and video resolutions compared to previous standards. In order to achieve this, a robust rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique is employed to select best coding mode and reference frame for each macroblock. Also, the original and modification test models are compared for combined skip and intra prediction method in H.264/AVC encoder, when ? pictures are analyzed. Experimental results show that the coding time is reduced by 35-42% through early identification of macroblocks that are likely to be skipped during the coding process and through reducing the number of candidate modes. .
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A. Suthar, Haresh. "VHDL Implementation of H.264 Video Coding Standard." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 1, no. 3 (November 1, 2012): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v1.i3.pp95-102.

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<p>This Paper contains VHDL implementation of H.264 video coding standard, which is new video coding standard of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The main goal of the H.264/AVC standardization effort is to enhance compression performance and provision of a “network-friendly” video representation addressing “conversational” (video telephony) and “no conversational” (storage, broadcast, or streaming) applications.H.264 video coder standard is having fundamental blocks like transform and quantization, Intra prediction, Inter prediction and Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding (CAVLC). Each block is designed and integrated to one top module in VHDL.</p>
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Tian, Ling, Yi Min Zhou, Yu Sun, and Shi Xin Sun. "Frame Coding Complexity Prediction in H.264/AVC Rate Control." Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (May 2010): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.464.

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H.264/AVC video coding standard inherited the quadratic rate-distortion model of VM8, and proposed a linear tracking model to predict Mean Absolute Difference of the current frame. Since Rate-Distortion Optimization is introduced, the frame coding complexity MAD is predicted in H.264/AVC rate control. However, any single-mode prediction approach of frame coding complexity has its shortages due to unexpected changes of video source. In this paper, we induct the frame coding complexity based on extensive experiments, and propose an optimized choice approach to predict the frame coding complexity. Simulation results demonstrate that the novel approach for frame coding complexity gains better precision than that of joint model in H.264/AVC reference software.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "AVC video coding and decoding standard"

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Silva, Leandro Max de Lima. "Implementação física de arquiteturas de hardware para a decodificação de vídeo digital segundo o padrão H.264/AVC." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27655.

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Recentemente, o Brasil adotou o padrão SBTVD (Sistema Brasileiro de TV Digital) para transmissão de TV digital. Este utiliza o CODEC (codificador e decodificador) de vídeo H.264/AVC, que é considerado o estado-da-arte no contexto de compressão de vídeo digital. Esta transição para o SBTVD requer o desenvolvimento de tecnologia para transmissão, recepção e decodificação de sinais, assim, o projeto Rede H.264 SBTVD foi iniciado e tem como um dos objetivos a produção de componentes de hardware para construção de um set-top box SoC (System on Chip) compatível com o SBTVD. No sentido de produzir IPs (Intellectual Property) para codificação e decodificação de vídeo digital segundo o padrão H.264/AVC, várias arquiteturas de hardware vêm sendo desenvolvidas no âmbito do projeto. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho consiste na realização da implementação física em ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) de algumas destas arquiteturas de hardware para decodificação de vídeo H.264/AVC, entre elas as arquiteturas parser e decodificação de entropia, predição intra-quadro e, por fim, quantização e transformadas inversas, que juntas formam uma versão funcional de um decodificador de vídeo H.264 chamado de decodificador intra-only. Além destas, também foi fisicamente implementada uma arquitetura para o módulo filtro redutor de efeito de bloco e arquiteturas para os perfis Main e High de um compensador de movimentos. Nesta dissertação de mestrado, é apresentada a metodologia de implementação standard-cells (ASIC) utilizada, assim como uma descrição detalhada de cada passo executado para se chegar ao leiaute de cada uma das arquiteturas. Também são apresentados os resultados das implementações e realizadas algumas comparações com outras implementações de arquiteturas descritas na literatura. A implementação do filtro possui 43,9K portas lógicas (equivalent-gates), 42mW de potência e possui a menor quantidade de memória interna, 12,375KB SRAM, quando comparada com outras implementações para a mesma resolução de vídeo, 1920x1080@30fps. As implementações para os perfis Main e High do compensador de movimento apresentam a melhor relação entre a quantidade de ciclos de relógio necessária para interpolar um macrobloco (MB), 304 ciclos/MB, e a quantidade de equivalent-gates de cada implementação, 98K e 102K, respectivamente. Já a implementação do decodificador H.264 intra-only possui 5KB SRAM, 11,4mW de potência e apresenta a menor quantidade de equivalent-gates, 150K, comparado com outras implementações de decodificadores H.264 com características similares.
Recently Brazil has adopted the SBTVD (Brazilian Digital Television System) for digital TV transmission. It uses the H.264/AVC video CODEC (coder and decoder), which is considered the state of the art in the context of digital video compression. This transition to the SBTVD standard requires the development of technology for transmitting, receiving and decoding signals, so a project called Rede H.264 was initiated with the objective of producing cutting edge hardware components to build a set-top box SoC (System on Chip) compatible with the SBTVD. In order to produce IPs (Intellectual Property) for encoding and decoding digital video according to the H.264/AVC standard, many hardware architectures have been developed under the project. Therefore, the objective of this work is to carry out the physical implementation flow for ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) in some of these hardware architectures for H.264/AVC video decoding, including the architectures parser and entropy decoding, intra-prediction and inverse quantization and transforms, which together compound a working version of an H.264 video decoder called intra-only. Besides these architectures, it is also physically implemented an architecture for a deblocking filter module and architectures for motion compensation according the Main and High profiles. This master thesis presents the standard-cells (ASIC) implementation as well as a detailed description of each step necessary to outcome the layouts of each of the architecture. It also presents the results of the implementations and comparisons with other works in the literature. The implementation of the filter has 43.9K gates (equivalent-gates), 42mW of power consumption and it demands the least amount of internal memory, 12.375KB SRAM, when compared with other implementations for the same video resolution, 1920x1080@30fps. The implementations for the Main and High profiles of the motion compensator have the best relationship between the amount of required clock cycles to interpolate a macroblock (MB), 304 cycles/MB, and the equivalent-gate count of each implementation, 98K and 102K, respectively. Also, the implementation of the H.264 intra-only decoder has 5KB SRAM, 11.4 mW of power consumption and it has the least equivalent-gate count, 150K, compared with other implementations of H.264 decoders which have similar features.
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Solak, Serdar. "Computational complexity management of H.264/AVC video coding standard." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95058.

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The new H.264/AVC video coding standard achieves significantly improved compression efficiency compared to previous standards by adopting highly advanced and flexible encoding techniques at the expense of increased complexity. However, the high computational complexity of H.264/AVC is a big concern primarily for low-power devices with limited processing capabilities. This thesis presents new techniques to reduce and/or control the computational complexity of an H.264/AVC encoder. A new prediction method is developed to estimate the Lagrangian rate-distortion cost of a macroblock. The prediction method is used in the design of two complexity reduction algorithms for H.264/AVC. The first algorithm uses the predicted rate-distortion costs to identify the SKIP coded macroblocks prior to any INTRA or INTER mode trial. Simulation results show that the algorithm achieves significant complexity savings with negligible loss in rate-distortion performance. Similarly, the second algorithm seeks to further reduce the encoder complexity by using the predicted costs to identify not only SKIP coded but also the INTRA and INTER coded macroblocks at earlier stages. Results indicate greater reductions in the encoder complexity at the expense of slightly larger loss in rate-distortion performance. A complexity scalable encoding framework is proposed for controlling the encoder complexity at a macroblock level using a single parameter. The framework uses a special macroblock grouping technique called the ``wave-front macroblock scheduling''. The computational resources are allocated to the macroblocks within a wave-front. The resource allocation is further developed by adopting the Lagrangian rate-distortion cost prediction into the framework. Results demonstrate significant improvements in the rate-distortion performance of the encoder operating at limited complexity. Finally, the complexity reduction algorithms are installed into the complexity scalable encoding framework. Simul
La norme de codage vidéo H.264/AVC permet une efficacité de compression grandement supérieure à celle des normes précédentes grâce à des techniques de codage avancées d'une grande flexibilité. Ceci dit, le prix de cette performance améliorée est l'augmentation de la complexité du calcul requise, ce qui est un obstacle majeur pour les appareils dont la puissance et la capacité de calcul sont limitées. Ce mémoire présente de nouvelles techniques pour réduire et contrôler la complexité du calcul requise par un codeur H.264/AVC. Une nouvelle méthode de prédiction est développée pour estimer le coût débit-distorsion Lagrangien d'un macrobloc. Cette méthode est utilisée avec deux nouveaux algorithmes de réduction de la complexité pour un codeur H.264/AVC. Le premier algorithme utilise les coûts prédits du taux de distorsion pour identifier les macroblocs codés de type SKIP avant les essais des modes INTRA ou INTER. Des simulations démontrent que cet algorithme entraîne une réduction significative de la complexité du calcul avec une diminution négligeable de la performance débit-distorsion. Le deuxième algorithme utilise la méthode de prédiction des coûts débit-distorsion pour réduire la complexité du codeur en identifiant les macroblocs codés de type INTRA et INTER plus tôt lors du processus de codage. Les résultats indiquent que des réductions encore plus grandes de la complexité peuvent être obtenues au prix d'une dégradation accrue de la performance débit-distorsion. Un dispositif de contrôle évolutif est proposé pour contrôler la complexité au niveau du macrobloc à l'aide d'un unique paramètre. Le dispositif utilise une technique de regroupement gérant l'allocation des ressources de calcul aux macroblocs et intègre la méthode de prédiction du coût débit-distorsion Lagrangien. Les résultats démontrent une amélioration significative de la performance du taux de distorsion tout en limitant la comp
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Yang, Mingyuan. "Mode decision for the H.264/AVC video coding standard." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/35013.

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H.264/AVC video coding standard gives us a very promising future for the field of video broadcasting and communication because of its high coding efficiency compared with other older video coding standards. However, high coding efficiency also carries high computational complexity. Fast motion estimation and fast mode decision are two very useful techniques which can significantly reduce computational complexity. This thesis focuses on the field of fast mode decision. The goal of this thesis is that for very similar RD performance compared with H.264/AVC video coding standard, we aim to find new fast mode decision techniques which can afford significant time savings.
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Agostini, Luciano Volcan. "Desenvolvimento de Arquiteturas de Alto Desempenho dedicadas à compressão de vídeo segundo o Padrão H.264/AVC." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12425.

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A compressão de vídeo é essencial para aplicações que manipulam vídeos digitais, em função da enorme quantidade de informação necessária para representar um vídeo sem nenhum tipo de compressão. Esta tese apresenta o desenvolvimento de soluções arquiteturais dedicadas e de alto desempenho para a compressão de vídeos, com foco no padrão H.264/AVC. O padrão H.264/AVC é o mais novo padrão de compressão de vídeo da ITU-T e da ISO e atinge as mais elevadas taxas de compressão dentre todos os padrões de codificação de vídeo existentes. Este padrão também possui a maior complexidade computacional dentre os padrões atuais. Esta tese apresenta soluções arquiteturais para os módulos da estimação de movimento, da compensação de movimento, das transformadas diretas e inversas e da quantização direta e inversa. Inicialmente, são apresentados alguns conceitos básicos de compressão de vídeo e uma introdução ao padrão H.264/AVC, para embasar as explicações das soluções arquiteturais desenvolvidas. Então, as arquiteturas desenvolvidas para os módulos das transformadas diretas e inversas, da quantização direta e inversa, da estimação de movimento e da compensação de movimento são apresentadas. Todas as arquiteturas desenvolvidas foram descritas em VHDL e foram mapeadas para FPGAs Virtex-II Pro da Xilinx. Alguns dos módulos foram, também, sintetizados para standard-cells. Os resultados obtidos através da síntese destas arquiteturas são apresentados e discutidos. Para todos os casos, os resultados de síntese indicaram que as arquiteturas desenvolvidas estão aptas para atender as demandas de codecs H.264/AVC direcionados para vídeos de alta resolução.
Video coding is essential for applications based in digital videos, given the enormous amount of bits which are required to represent a video sequence without compression. This thesis presents the design of dedicated and high performance architectures for video compression, focusing in the H.264/AVC standard. The H.264/AVC standard is the latest ITU-T and ISO standard for video compression and it reaches the highest compression rates amongst all the current video coding standards. This standard has also the highest computational complexity among all of them. This thesis presents architectural solutions for the modules of motion estimation, motion compensation, forward and inverse transforms and forward and inverse quantization. Some concepts of video compression and an introduction to the H.264/AVC standard are presented and they serve as basis for the architectural developments. Then, the designed architectures for forward and inverse transforms, forward and inverse quantization, motion estimation and motion compensation are presented. All designed architectures were described in VHDL and they were mapped to Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGAs. Some modules were also synthesized into standard-cells. The synthesis results are presented and discussed. For all cases, the synthesis results indicated that the architectures developed in this work are able to meet the demands of H.264/AVC codecs targeting high resolution videos.
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Lanfranchi, Laetitia I. "MPEG-4 AVC traffic analysis and bandwidth prediction for broadband cable networks." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29776.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Bing Benny; Committee Co-Chair: Fred B-H. Juang; Committee Member: Gee-Kung Chang. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Rodrigues, Luis da Silva. "Optimização do planeamento da cobertura de sistemas de televisão digital terrestre em Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/3824.

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Estando prevista a introdução da televisão digital terrestre em Portugal para os próximos anos, coloca-se o desafio de projectar o seu desenvolvimento, sendo os aspectos do planeamento de frequências e da cobertura fundamentais para a concepção de um sistema a nível nacional. Dado que em Portugal se irá utilizar Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (COFDM) 8K (6817 portadoras), com alcances máximos de cerca de 67 km por estação transmissora, neste trabalho, para além de se abordarem os aspectos globais da norma Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) e das suas variantes terrestre, por cabo, via satélite e móvel, abordam-se sistemas de difusão terrestres em particular, identificando-se as características do sistema que terão um forte impacto no planeamento, aspectos de cobertura DVB-T, atribuição e planeamento de frequências e ferramentas gráficas de planeamento recorrendo a sistemas de informação geográfica (SIG). Obtiveram-se resultados do planeamento de uma rede DVB-T em SFN no modo 8K com COFDM em modulação 64-QAM para a área geográfica da Beira Interior, utilizando uma frequência que irá ficar disponível após o “switcth-off”. A tecnologia DVB dá um grande contributo para que no futuro se ocupe menos espectro radioeléctrico com mais e melhores serviços que os prestados actualmente com tecnologia analógica, tal contributo só é possível graças ao desenvolvimento de algoritmos complexos para compressão de vídeo e áudio a transmitir. No planeamento da rede DVB-T Beira Interior chega-se à conclusão que o número de emissores e potências utilizadas são menores, comparando com o sistema analógico actual, conseguindo-se uma cobertura boa de 87% da população, cobertura aceitável de 95% da população e cobertura portátil interior na cidade da Covilhã.
As the introduction of terrestrial digital TV in Portugal is foreseen for the next years, the endeavour of designing its development needs to be faced, and the aspects of frequency and coverage are essential for the conception and deployment of a system with national availability. As in Portugal the option is to use Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (COFDM) 8K (6817 carriers), with maximum coverage ranges per Station around 68 km, in this work, besides the general aspects of Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) and its terrestrial, cable, satellite and mobile variants, one specifically addresses terrestrial broadcast systems in particular. The characteristics with the strongest impact in the planning process are identified, as well as DVB-T coverage aspects, frequency assignment and planning, and geographical information systems graphical planning tools issues (GIS). Planning results were obtained for a DVB-T OFDM based network operating at Single Frequency Network (SFN), 8K mode, with 64-QAM modulation. The Beira Interior region was considered, and the frequency band that will be available for this Portuguese region after Switch-off of analog TV was considered. DVB gives a strong contribute to the reduction of spectrum wastage in the television broadcast sector while providing more and better services support in comparison to analog TV. This advantage is only possible owing to the development of complex algorithms for the compression of video and audio content to be transmitted. In the region of Beira Interior, Portugal, the number of transmitting stations and the transmitter powers are clearly lower than the ones for the today analog TV system. The following follows were achieved for the actual coverage of the population: “good” coverage of 87% of the population, acceptable coverage of 95% of the population and portable indoor coverage within the city of Covilhã.
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"Video decoder for H.264/AVC main profile power efficient hardware design." 2011. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894823.

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Yim, Ka Yee.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 43).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgements --- p.vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.viii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.x
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xi
Chapter CHAPTER 1 : --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1. --- Motivation --- p.1
Chapter 1.2. --- Overview --- p.2
Chapter 1.3. --- H.264 Overview --- p.2
Chapter CHAPTER 2 : --- CABAC --- p.7
Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction --- p.7
Chapter 2.2. --- CABAC Decoder Implementation Review --- p.7
Chapter 2.3. --- CABAC Algorithm Review --- p.9
Chapter 2.4. --- Proposed CABAC Decoder Implementation --- p.13
Chapter 2.5. --- FSM Method Bin Matching --- p.20
Chapter 2.6. --- CABAC Experimental Results --- p.22
Chapter 2.7. --- Summary --- p.26
Chapter CHAPTER 3 : --- INTEGRATION --- p.27
Chapter 3.1. --- Introduction --- p.27
Chapter 3.2. --- Reused Baseline Decoder Review --- p.27
Chapter 3.3. --- Integration --- p.30
Chapter 3.4. --- Proposed Solution for Motion Vector Decoding --- p.33
Chapter 3.5. --- Synthesis Result and Performance Analysis --- p.37
Chapter CHAPTER 4 : --- CONCLUSION --- p.39
Chapter 4.1. --- Main Contribution --- p.39
Chapter 4.2. --- Reflection on the Development --- p.39
Chapter 4.3. --- Future Work --- p.41
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.43
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Tai, Cheng-Han, and 戴成翰. "Perceptual Video Coding Algorithm and Architecture Design for H.264/AVC Standard." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93756683780007931486.

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碩士
國立中興大學
電機工程學系所
98
The main techniques of current video compression include prediction, transform, quantization and entropy coding. Quantization is the only flexible method among them because it has more choices for its parameters. However, it is not perfect in the general video coding process. It is that all positions in the frames are considered equally important. Even though the equality of different frame positions seems reasonable at first glance, it does not fit humans’ natural visual responses. It is impossible for humans to have the same feelings toward different contents in an image. Thus, if these visual properties can be considered at the quantization process, the coding performance will be improved. This thesis employs the method of adjusting quantization parameters according to the visual properties. However, according to the analysis, adjusting quantization parameters may cause some coding algorithms effects, and therefore create extra loads. Thus, in order to view the effect levels and to know if the adjustment of quantization parameters is reasonable, three experiments are designed in the thesis. They are the experiments about the effects between the intra macroblocks, the inter frames effects which are caused by the intra frames, and the effects between the inter frames. Then a perceptual analysis module is proposed at the part of perceptual algorithms. It crosses the spatial and temporal considerations, including the detections of texture properties, visual masking, and visual attention. The texture properties part aims at classifying the smooth, edge, and complex regions. Video dynamic properties are considered at the visual masking. It analyzes the changes between the frames to see if the distortions can be found easily. The main detection consideration at the visual attention aims at the motions which may cause significant distortions easily. Then the final quantization parameters are adjusted based on the algorithms. The decisions of using which algorithms are determined by the integrity of the data source of different frame types. In terms of the hardware implementation, the perceptual module is designed in a way which can be applied to a 2-stage MB pipeline encoder. Taking into account of the dependence between the encoder and the perceptual module, the perceptual module is arranged accordingly. To conclude, the device is designed to meet the needs for the encoder to achieve real time video compression specification.
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9

Wu, Sheng-Wang, and 吳聲旺. "Improved Rate Control for Low-Delay Communications in H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12644450983347268521.

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碩士
國立中山大學
資訊工程學系研究所
92
In real-time, two way video communications, how to minimize the end-to-end delay for transmitting video data is very important. Since the delay produced by bits accumulated in the encoder buffer must be very small, we need an improved rate control to encode the video with high quality and maintain low buffer fullness. One approach to reduce the buffer fullness is to skip the encoding frames, but the frame-skipping will produce undesirable motion discontinuity in the encoded video sequence. In this thesis, we study the impact of low delay constraint in H.264 rate control and its improvements. The drawback of the H.264 rate control is it cannot handle the frame-skipping mechanism well. To modify this, we control the quantization parameter of each I-frame to avoid the buffer overflow and frame-skipping. Since encoding the I-frame by different quantization parameter will generate different rate and distortion for a group of pictures (GOP), we use Lagrangian optimization to find the tradeoff between rate and distortion for a GOP. By the estimation models of rate and distortion for a GOP, calculate the Lagrangian cost for each possible quantization parameter of I-frame, the quantization parameter with minimum Lagrangian cost will be our choice for I-frame. Simulation results show that our proposed rate control encode the video sequence with less skipped frames and with higher PSNR compared to H.264 rate control under low delay constraint.
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Lin, Hung-Chih, and 林鴻志. "Fast Encoding Algorithm Design for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Scalable Video Coding Standard." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56151788196416233486.

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博士
國立交通大學
電子研究所
98
To enable robust video transmission over heterogeneous networks, the H.264/MPEG-4 AVC (H.264/AVC) has developed an extension of scalable video coding scheme (H.264/SVC). In the H.264/SVC, there are three main modalities of scalability, consisting of temporal, spatial, and quality scalability. The H.264/SVC can compress the video signal once but enable partially decoding the encoded bit-streams with lower temporal frame rate or spatial resolutions, depending on the storage and transmission requirements. To achieve the temporal scalability, the H.264/SVC uses the coding structure of the hierarchical temporal prediction, in which there are two uni-directional predictions and one bi-directional (BI) prediction. In addition, the spatial and quality scalabilities are realized by adopting the layered coding approach, where the hierarchical temporal prediction forms a basic coding structure in each coding layer. In order to provide high coding efficiency, the H.264/SVC exhaustively evaluates all possible combinations of encoding parameters, including the conventional coding tools in the H.264/AVC and the novel inter-layer prediction mechanism. However, the procedure of selecting optimal coding parameters dramatically results in huge computational complexity. The experimental results show that the mode decision process with related motion estimations significantly dominates the overall encoding time. Hence, it is necessary to develop fast encoding algorithms to reduce the encoding computations in the H.264/SVC. First, we propose a fast algorithm that efficiently selects the temporal prediction type for the dyadic hierarchical-B prediction structure in the H.264/SVC temporal scalable video coding. Referring to the best temporal prediction type of 16x16, we utilize the strong correlations of prediction type inheritance to eliminate the unnecessary computations for the BI prediction in the finer partitions, 16x8/8x16/8x8. In addition, we carefully examine the relationship of motion-rate costs and distortions between the BI and the two uni-directional temporal prediction types. As a result, we construct a set of adaptive thresholds to remove the unnecessary BI calculations. Moreover, our analysis points out that the coding efficiency of the BI prediction is limited in small partitions. For the block partitions smaller than 8x8, one of the two uni-directional temporal predictions is skipped based upon the information of an 8x8 partition. Hence, these analyses can be used to efficiently reduce the extensive computations burden in performing the BI prediction. Second, we make use of the log-linear rate-distortion relationship of inter-dependent layers to predict the better performer among the Intra4x4 and Intra8x8 prediction types at the enhancement layers for intra-only scalable video coding. Based upon the base-layer chosen prediction type, we can further reduce the number of candidate modes. In addition, to ensure the best trade-off between complexity and coding efficiency, the Intra16x16 prediction is retained and enabled only for coding high-resolution videos with smooth image contents. Finally, we provide a layer-adaptive intra/inter mode decision algorithm and a motion search scheme for the hierarchical B-frames in the H.264/SVC with combined coarse-grain quality scalability (CGS) and temporal scalability. We examine the rate-distortion performance contributed by different coding modes at the enhancement layers and the mode conditional probabilities at different temporal layers. For the intra prediction on inter frames, the number of Intra4x4/Intra8x8 prediction modes can be reduced by 50% or more, based on the reference/base layer intra prediction directions. For the enhancement-layer inter prediction, the look-up tables containing inter prediction candidate modes are designed to use the macroblock coding mode dependence on and the reference/base layer quantization parameters (Qp). In addition, to avoid checking all motion estimation reference frames, the base-layer reference frame index is selectively reused. And according to the enhancement-layer macroblock partition, the base-layer motion vector can be used as the initial search point for the enhancement-layer motion search. In conclusion, our proposed algorithms efficiently eliminate the unlikely combinations of coding options. The experiments show that our approaches can reduce 65%~85% encoding time with a similar coded quality, as compared to the reference software of the H.264/SVC.
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Book chapters on the topic "AVC video coding and decoding standard"

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Lee, Kun-Bin. "Video Coding Using the H.264/AVC Standard." In Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting Standards, 435–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78263-8_15.

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Song, Wei, Dian Tjondronegoro, and Salahuddin Azad. "User-Centered Video Quality Assessment for Scalable Video Coding of H.264/AVC Standard." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 55–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11301-7_9.

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Ganguly, Amrita, and Anil Mahanta. "Weight Based Fast Mode Decision for H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard." In E-Business and Telecommunications, 420–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35755-8_30.

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Karwowski, Damian. "Improved Adaptive Arithmetic Coding in MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 Video Compression Standard." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 257–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23154-4_29.

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Sarwer, Mohammed Golam, and Q. M. Jonathan Wu. "Enhanced Intra Coding of H.264/AVC Advanced Video Coding Standard with Adaptive Number of Modes." In Active Media Technology, 361–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15470-6_38.

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Fezza, Sid Ahmed, and Kamel Mohamed Faraoun. "New Prediction Structure for Stereoscopic Video Coding Based on the H.264/AVC Standard." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 762–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21984-9_63.

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Marins, Hugo R., and Vania V. Estrela. "On the Use of Motion Vectors for 2D and 3D Error Concealment in H.264/AVC Video." In Research Anthology on Recent Trends, Tools, and Implications of Computer Programming, 765–87. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3016-0.ch034.

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The fundamental principles of the coding/decoding H.264/AVC standard are introduced emphasizing the role of motion estimation and motion compensation (MC) in error concealment using intra- and inter-frame motion estimates, along with other features such as the integer transform, quantization options, entropy coding possibilities, deblocking filter, among other provisions. Efficient MC is one of the certain reasons for H.264/AVC superior performance compared to its antecedents. The H.264/AVC has selective intra-prediction and optimized inter-prediction methods to reduce temporal and spatial redundancy more efficiently. Motion compensation/prediction using variable block sizes and directional intra-prediction to choose the adequate modes help decide the best coding. Unfortunately, motion treatment is a computationally-demanding component of a video codec. The H.264/AVC standard has solved problems its predecessors faced when it comes to image quality and coding efficiency, but many of its advantages require an increase in computing complexity.
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Marins, Hugo R., and Vania V. Estrela. "On the Use of Motion Vectors for 2D and 3D Error Concealment in H.264/AVC Video." In Advances in Multimedia and Interactive Technologies, 164–86. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1025-3.ch008.

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The fundamental principles of the coding/decoding H.264/AVC standard are introduced emphasizing the role of motion estimation and motion compensation (MC) in error concealment using intra- and inter-frame motion estimates, along with other features such as the integer transform, quantization options, entropy coding possibilities, deblocking filter, among other provisions. Efficient MC is one of the certain reasons for H.264/AVC superior performance compared to its antecedents. The H.264/AVC has selective intra-prediction and optimized inter-prediction methods to reduce temporal and spatial redundancy more efficiently. Motion compensation/prediction using variable block sizes and directional intra-prediction to choose the adequate modes help decide the best coding. Unfortunately, motion treatment is a computationally-demanding component of a video codec. The H.264/AVC standard has solved problems its predecessors faced when it comes to image quality and coding efficiency, but many of its advantages require an increase in computing complexity.
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Grois, Dan, and Ofer Hadar. "Recent Advances in Computational Complexity Techniques for Video Coding Applications." In Intelligent Multimedia Technologies for Networking Applications, 156–95. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2833-5.ch007.

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The computational complexity issue is critical for present and future video applications implemented by relatively new video coding standards, such as the H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding), which has a large number of coding modes. One of the main reasons for the importance of providing an efficient complexity control in video coding applications is a strong need to decrease the encoding/decoding computational complexity, especially when the encoding and/or decoding devices are resource-limited, such as portable devices. In turn, efficient complexity control enables reducing the video coding processing time and enables saving power resources during the encoding and/or decoding process. Since the recent dramatic progress in the development of multimedia technologies has made portable devices widespread everywhere, especially in order to provide or receive real-time video contents, the need to enhance the computational complexity control in video coding applications is expected to be further significantly increased as a function of the dramatic increase in the mobile/portable device penetration into the every-day life environment. In this chapter, the authors perform a comprehensive review of the recent advances in computational complexity techniques for video coding applications. This chapter will not only summarize the recent advances in this field, but will also provide explicit directions for the design of the future complexity-aware video coding applications.
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"H.264/AVC Standard." In Next-Generation Video Coding and Streaming, 83–114. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119133346.ch3.

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Conference papers on the topic "AVC video coding and decoding standard"

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Luthra, Ajay, and Pankaj N. Topiwala. "Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard." In Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, edited by Andrew G. Tescher. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.512557.

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Milicevic, Zoran, and Zoran Bojkovic. "Subjective video quality assessment in H.264/AVC video coding standard." In 2011 19th Telecommunications Forum Telfor (TELFOR). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telfor.2011.6143761.

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Xing Wen, Oscar C. Au, Jiang Xu, Zhiqin Liang, Yi Yang, and Weiran Tang. "A novel multiple description video coding based on H.264/AVC video coding standard." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5117986.

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Fezza, Sid Ahmed, Mohamed-Chaker Larabi, and Kamel Mohamed Faraoun. "Stereoscopic video coding based on the H.264/AVC standard." In 2010 International Conference on Machine and Web Intelligence (ICMWI). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmwi.2010.5647993.

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Xiao, Chuangbai, and Ligang Zhen. "Fast Mode Decision in the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standard." In 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp.2008.573.

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Milicevic, Zoran. "New approch to video coding performance improvement using H.264/AVC standard." In 2011 19th Telecommunications Forum Telfor (TELFOR). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telfor.2011.6143760.

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Jiali Li, O. C. Au, Lu Fang, Lin Sun, Wenxiu Sun, and Dinuka Soysa. "A parallel deblocking filter based on H.264/AVC video coding standard." In 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2013.6571825.

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Munoz-Jimenez, Vianney, and Anissa Zergainoh. "Computational cost reduction of H.264/AVC video coding standard for videoconferencing applications." In 2007 9th International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications (ISSPA). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isspa.2007.4555508.

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Navakitkanok, P., and S. Aramvith. "Improved rate control for advanced video coding (AVC) standard under low delay constraint." In International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itcc.2004.1286730.

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Duanmu, C. J., and Xing Chen. "Fast motion estimation mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC video coding standard." In Electronics (PrimeAsia). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/primeasia.2009.5397384.

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