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Journal articles on the topic 'Average Effective Dose'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Abdulwahhab, Alkuwafi1 Idris Imneisi2*. "Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate in Outdoor Environments in Selected Locations of Awjila and Jalu, Southeast Libya." Alq J Med App Sci 5, no. 2 (2022): 611–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7482381.

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<strong>Aims</strong>. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the absorbed dose rate of the naturally occurring radioactive nuclides at a height of one meter above earth's surface. <strong>Methods</strong>. The outdoor radiation exposure dose rates caused by radioactivity concentrations of radionuclides in the soil have been evaluated at several locations in Awjilah and Jalu, Libya, using portable devices RADEX RD 1501 and LB 123. <strong>Results</strong>. Thirty-seven random sites were examined. The absorbed dosage rate ranged from 34.8357 to 95.7734 nGy/hr in dry air at a he

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2

Andrieieva, А. V., and Y. A. Tiurin. "Formation of the average effective radiation dose of population and personnel." Naukovyi visnyk Donetskoho natsionalnoho tekhnichnoho universytetu 1(2), no. 2(3) (2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2415-7902-2019-1(2)-2(3)-28-34.

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Pantha, Parkash, Tanka Prasad Bhusal, Budha Ram Shah, and Rajendra Prasad Koirala. "Study of natural background radiation in Kathmandu Valley." BIBECHANA 16 (November 22, 2018): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v16i0.21605.

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The study of natural background radiation dose at thirty two locations of Kathmandu valley has been done successfully using the instrument Radalert 100. The average dose rates and annual effective dose were measured. From the measurements, the least value of average dose rate was found to be (22.3±3.9)×10-3 mR/hr for Sundhara and the greatest value of average dose rate was found to be (37.7±7)×10-3 mR/hr for Budhanilkantha 3. As per the annual effective dose, the least value was 0.391 mSv/yr for Sundhara and the greatest value was 0.661 mSv/yr for Budhanilkantha 3. The average annual effective

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Abdel-Razek, Yassin A., A. F. Bakhit, M. M. Abdel-Wahab, and N. I. El-Anwar. "Concentrations of the Terrestrial Radionuclides and Their Radiological Risk at Wadi Nugrus, South Eastern Desert, Egypt." Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications 8, no. 1 (2024): 88. https://doi.org/10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.80571.

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<p>Fourteen samples were collected from a minor tributary at Wadi Nugrus, SED, Egypt. The average values of the activity concentrations of the terrestrial radionulclides U-238 and Th-232 in the studied samples were 325 and 277 (Bq/kg) much higher than the worldwide averages. The average value of K-40, 820 (Bq/kg), is comparable to the worldwide average concentration of this radionuclide. Four samples have safe values for the hazard indices Ra<sub>eq</sub>, H<sub>ex</sub> and H<sub>in</sub>. This represented a contradiction with values of the absorbed d

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Efthymiou, Fotios O., Vasileios I. Metaxas, Christos P. Dimitroukas, Stavros K. Kakkos, and George S. Panayiotakis. "KERMA-AREA PRODUCT, ENTRANCE SURFACE DOSE AND EFFECTIVE DOSE IN ABDOMINAL ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 194, no. 2-3 (2021): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab082.

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Abstract This study aims to evaluate patient radiation dose during fluoroscopically guided endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedures. Fluoroscopy time (FT) and kerma-area product (KAP) were recorded from 87 patients that underwent EVAR procedures with a mobile C-arm fluoroscopy system. Effective dose (ED) and organs’ doses were calculated utilising appropriate conversion coefficients based on the recorded KAP values. Entrance surface dose (ESD) was calculated based on KAP values and technical parameters. The mean FT was 22.7 min (range 6.4–76.8 min), resulting in a mean KAP of 36.6 Gy cm2

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Kulseng, Carl Petter Skaar, and Jon Christoffer Sandstrøm. "Effective doses to staff and dose rates emitted from patients undergoing positron emission tomography utilizing 18F- Fluorodeoxglucose." Radiography Open 2, no. 1 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/radopen.1526.

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IntroductionThe purpose of this two--folded quantitative study was to determine the radiation doses received by staff during 2014 at the PET--department at St. Olavs Hospital in Trondheim, Norway. Although studies show that the doses received by staff performing such examinations are far beneath the limits set by regulation, there was a need to determine how much radiation the staff at this clinic actually was exposed to. We investigated in detail both dose rates emitted by 18 F from different parts of the body to the surroundings along with effective doses to staff during 2014.MethodPart one

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7

Putri, S. S., S. H. Intifadhah, and E. R. Putri. "Estimation of Organ Dose, Effective Dose, and Cancer Risk in Abdominal CT Scan Patients." Atom Indonesia 50, no. 3 (2024): 289–94. https://doi.org/10.55981/aij.2024.1502.

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Computed tomography scan (CT scan) is a modality that is used to diagnose diseases inside the human body. In the scanning process, the patient will receive radiation from the CT scanner, so that it is necessary to calculate the amount of radiation dose. The purpose of this study was to determine the organ dose, effective dose, and cancer risk received by abdominal examination patients. Data taken from the results of abdominal examination patients at Radiology Installation of A.W. Sjahranie Regional Hospital Samarinda using 16-slice CT scan modality GE BRIVO type D3161T. The data collected incl

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Mitrikas, V. G. "Radiation Aspect of Two Orbit Inclination Options of the Russian Orbital Service Station." Космические исследования 61, no. 2 (2023): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0023420622700030.

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The contribution to the effective dose from cosmic radiation of the Earth’s radiation belts, galactic cosmic rays, and solar proton events for astronauts located in the large-diameter working compartment of the service module of the ISS is considered. It is shown that for quasi-stationary sources of cosmic radiation, a change in the orbital inclination of 51.6° by 97.0° does not lead to significant variations in the average daily effective dose rate. When considering the contribution to the effective dose from solar-flare protons, the dose load on astronauts can increase by ten or more times.

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Ahmed, Jawad Al-Naji, Awad Kadhim Shaymaa, Riyadh Abdulridha Ali, Kazem Ali Baraa, Anwar Abdul Amir Ali, and Fadel Hashem Haneen. "Radiometric Comparison of Selected Sites in the Southern and Northern Part of the Campus Section of University of Kufa." International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics 10, no. 3 (2023): 93–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10060576.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> In the current study, the Southern and Northern parts of the campus portion of the university of Kufa were used to determine the gamma background radiation dose indoors and outdoors for the chosen region. Utilizing a portable dosimeter survey, "Inspector + (Alert model RAP RS1), S.E. international, (Inc, USA)" measurements were taken. At 51 locations, the mean equivalent dose of natural radionuclides (EADE) was calculated (21 in the south and 30 in the north),using a Geiger-Muller tube with an extremely sensitive gamma detector. The mean EADEtotal for site soil radia

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Akintoye, A.O. "Determination of Natural Radioactivity Concentration Levels in Soil Samples in Odigbo Local Government Area." Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal 4, no. 6 (2017): 53–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13886067.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of natural radioactivity  concentrations of <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K in the surface (0-5cm) soil samples collected from Odigbo in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. The surface soils were collected along the streets of this city. The activity concentrations of naturally-occurring radioactive materials in the<sup> 238</sup>U, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K were determined by means of a Sodium Iodide (NaI) gamma-ray spectrometry system detector in a low background configuration. The mean activity concentration

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Repin, V. S., and L. V. Repin. "CRITERIA FOR THE PROTECTING OF POPULATION AFTER RADIATION ACCIDENT: USE OF RADIATION RISK FOR ANALYSIS AND OPTIMAL DECISIONS MAKING TO LIMIT THE CONSUMPTION OF FOOD CONTAMINATED BY TECHNOGENIC RADIONUCLIDES." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 11, no. 4 (2018): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2018-11-4-28-38.

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The purpose of this paper is to assess the compliance of criterion A, adopted in NRB-99/2009 as emergency level of dose intervention, to permissible values of specific activity of137Cs,90Sr and131I in food products in the first year after the accident. Assessments are made on the basis of comparison of the conservativeness coefficients by dose and the magnitude of the risk. The results of the evaluation showed that estimates of the doses and risks for137Cs,90Sr, calculated on the basis of weighting by the number of age groups, are equally conservative. For131I, the conservative factors for dos

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12

Farhan, Ahmed. "RADON GAS AND EFFECTIVE DOSE IN GROUNDWATER IN ABU- JIR VILLAGE IN ANBAR, WESTERN IRAQ." Iraqi Geological Journal 53, no. 2C (2020): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.53.2c.3rs-2020.09.03.

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In the present study, radon gas concentration in the shallow groundwater samples of the Abu-Jir region in Anbar governorate was measured by using Rad-7 detector. The highest radon gas level in the samples is up to 9.3 Bq/L, while the lowest level is 2.1 Bq/L, with an average of 6.44±1.8 Bq/L. The annual effective dose is varied from 33.945 μSv/y to 7.66 μSv/y, with an average of 0.145±0.06 μSv/y. Consequently, the radon level in the groundwater studied is lower than the standard recommended value (11 Bq/L) reported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The potential sou

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Butkus, Donatas, Inga Laučytė, and Rima Ladygienė. "ESTIMATION OF EFFECTIVE DOSE CAUSED BY 40K, 90SR AND 137CS IN DAILY FOOD." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 14, no. 2 (2006): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2006.9636882.

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This paper presents 137Cs, 90Sr and 40K activity concentrations in daily food and an annual effective dose caused by these radionuclides. Samples were taken during the period 28 October 2004–23 June 2005 once a month in a students’ canteen of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VGTU). The weight of samples varied from 1,37 kg to 2,26 kg, and an average weight was 1,89 kg. The volume of liquids varied from 500 cm3 to 1000 cm3, and the average was 816 cm3. The average of activity concentration of 90Sr in daily food from the students’ canteen was (0,03±0,01) Bq/kg, of 137Cs – (0,02±0,01) Bq/k

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Niranjan, Rangapura Shettappa, Thimmaiah Sadashivaiah, Chikkegowda Ningappa, et al. "Ambient gamma radiation level around Kaveri river basin, Karnataka state, India." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 200, no. 11-12 (2024): 1114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncae084.

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Abstract Studies on ambient gamma radiation in indoor and outdoor environment and their effect on human health have created interest among the researchers across the world. The present study represents the results of indoor and outdoor ambient gamma dose rates around the Kaveri river basin from Talakaveri (Madikeri district) to Mekedatu (Ramanagara district) by using portable Environmental Radiation Dosemeter. The annual effective dose in the present study area varies between 0.14 mSv.y−1 and 0.58 mSv.y−1 with an average value of 0.30 mSv.y−1 for indoor radiation. The outdoor annual effective

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15

Alexander, Chinyere Nwankpa, and Nwanneamaka Nwankpa Samuel. "Assessment of health risks related to natural radioactivity near the Ife iron and steel industry in Ile-Ife, Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (2022): 1011–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7790534.

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The environmental risks connected to the operations of Ife Iron and Steel Nigeria Limited, Ile-Ife, located in Osun State, are examined in this paper. According to reports, the soot and other particles the company's operations release are bad for the locals' health and threaten their sources of income. In order to calculate the absorbed dose, external hazard index, and annual effective dose for the estimation of the potential biological risk/damage to the community, the radionuclides present in soil taken from the area around the industry have been identified and their activity concent

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Measurement of Indoor Radon Gas Concentration in same Region of Baghdad Governorate Using CR-39 Nuclear Track Detector." Baghdad Science Journal 14, no. 4 (2017): 688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.14.4.688-691.

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In this research the activity of radon gas in air in Baghad governorate,Iraq, using “alpha-emitters track registration (CR-39) track detector were measured. This measurement was done for selected areas from Baghdad Governorate, The results obtained shows that the highest average concentrations for Rn-222 is (179.077 Bq/m^3) which was recorded within Al-Shaaib city and less average concentrations was (15.79 Bq/m^3) in the nearby residential area of Baghdad International Airport and the overall average concentrations is (86.508 Bq/m^3) for these regions. Then the radon concentration was measured

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17

Druzhinina, P. S., L. A. Chipiga, A. V. Vodovatov, I. V. Soldatov, Z. A. Lantukh, and K. V. Tolkachev. "Determination of the conversion coefficients from the dose-length product to the effective dose for CT-examinations of the whole body including lower extremitie." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 17, no. 4 (2025): 126–34. https://doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2024-17-4-126-134.

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Today in the Russian Federation, the existing method for assessing patients` effective doses during computed tomography in the form of conversion coefficients from the dose-length product provides for the area from the head to the upper third of the femur but does not consider the possibility of scanning the whole body including the lower extremities. In this case, for some nosologies, the lower extremities may be involved. The aim of the study was to develop conversion coefficients from the dose-length product to the effective dose for whole-body computed tomography scanning including the pat

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18

Alhagaish, I., and F. Afaneh. "Comparison of Radiation Levels in the Soil and Rocks in the Areas Surrounding Old Phosphate Mine, Russaifa, Jordan." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 62, no. 1 (2025): 55–64. https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2025-0005.

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Abstract The activity concentrations of the terrestrial naturally occurring radionuclides 214Pb, 214Bi (from 238U series), and 228Ac (from 232Th series) and 40K were measured in soil and rock samples obtained from three sites of the Russaifa mine and its surrounding in the Russaifa region using an HPGe-detector of 20 % relative efficiency. While the soil activity (in Bq/kg) was found to be: 408.63 ± 26, 383.9 ± 4.7, and 383.0 ± 4.0 for 238U, 214Bi, and 214Pb, respectively. The rock activity was found to be 225.4 ± 19, 180.36 ± 3.9, and 179.47 ± 3.1 for 238U, 214Bi, and 214Pb, respectively. Our

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Li, Yuhao, Lisha Jiang, Haitao Wang, Huawei Cai, Yongzhao Xiang, and Lin Li. "EFFECTIVE RADIATION DOSE OF 18F-FDG PET/CT: HOW MUCH DOES DIAGNOSTIC CT CONTRIBUTE?" Radiation Protection Dosimetry 187, no. 2 (2019): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncz153.

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Abstract The aim was to estimate the effective doses associated with different types of scanning protocols and how much the diagnostic computed tomography (DCT) scan contributed to the total dose of the dual-modality positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) examinations. The results showed that an average radiation dose of 8.19 ± 0.83 mSv and 13.44 ± 5.14 mSv for the PET and CT components, respectively, resulting in a total dose of 21.64 ± 5.20 mSv. Approximately 92.7% (980 of 1057) of the patients underwent additional DCT protocols. The DCT protocols contributed 42% of the ov

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Muhogora, Wilbroad Edward, Firm Paul Banzi, Justin Emanuel Ngaile, et al. "OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO EXTERNAL IONISING RADIATION IN TANZANIA (2011–17)." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 185, no. 2 (2019): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncy297.

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Abstract The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the occupational radiation exposure data from 2011 to 2017 and to compare the results with status in 1996–2010 periods. The evaluation was performed in terms of annual collective effective dose, the average annual effective dose, the individual dose distribution ratio and the annual collective effective dose distribution ratio. Irrespective of work category, the results indicate that the average effective dose ranged from 0.64 to 1.55 mSv and broadly comparable to data in the previous analysis. Over seven year period, the maximum annual in

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21

Kurnaz, Aslı, Şeref Turhan, Aybaba Hançerlioğulları, et al. "Natural radioactivity, radon emanating power and mass exhalation rate of environmental soil samples from Karabük province, Turkey." Radiochimica Acta 108, no. 7 (2020): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2019-3188.

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AbstractIn this study, content of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) and radon emanating power and radon mass exhalation rate of surface soil samples collected around industrial province Karabük in which the first iron steel plant was built in 1937 were determined by high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry with a high purity germanium detector. The average activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples were measured as 30 ± 2, 28 ± 2 and 251 ± 20 Bq kg−1, respectively. The average value of radon emanating power and mass exhalation rate of soil samples were found as 31 % an

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Karateev, A. E. "How effective is the average therapeutic dose of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in osteoarthritis?" Modern Rheumatology Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2019-1-108-113.

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23

C., Kansaana, O. Darko E., K. Adukpo O., et al. "Measurement Of Activity Concentrations Of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K And 137Cs In Some Common Spices Consumed By Inhabitants In Accra Metropolis, Ghana." Measurement Of Activity Concentrations Of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K And 137Cs In Some Common Spices Consumed By Inhabitants In Accra Metropolis, Ghana 2, no. 8 (2013): 75–80. https://doi.org/10.19070/2326-3350-1300014.

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A spice is a vegetable substance of indigenous or exotic origin which is or has a hot, pigment taste, used to enhance taste of foods or to add to them the stimulant ingredients contained in them. Knowledge of radioactivity levels in human diet is of particular concern for the estimation of possible radiological hazards to human health. In this study, the radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in some selected natural and processed spices of different brands in the Madina District of Accra Metropolis were determined and the ingested doses via food consum

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24

Vlasova, N. G., Yu V. Visenberg, G. N. Evtushkova, and E. A. Drozd. "DISTANT DOSE ASSESSMENT OF POPULATION AFTER THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 4 (December 28, 2014): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2014-11-4-25.

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We have developed a method for assessment of the average annual effective internal irradiation doses in people living in radioactively contaminated areas of the Republic of Belarus using results of the Whole Body measurements as a basis and taking into account the effect of indirect factors. Based on the developed method, another Catalogue of Average Annual Effective Irradiation Doses of Residents of the Republic of Belarus was created.

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Venkatraman, Pitchaikannu, C. S. Sureka, Lalit Aggarwal, and Sunil Choudhary. "Occupational radiation dose evaluation in X-ray diffraction laboratory working environments." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 39, no. 2 (2024): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp2402167v.

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Banaras Hindu University and Bharathiar University conducted a study to assess occupational radiation doses among non-medical workers in X-ray diffraction analysis work environments at science departments. A total of five non-medical radiation workers were monitored to determine their average annual effective dose. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were issued to five X-ray diffraction analysis technologist to record their dose for a month. Dose rate measurements were recorded using survey meters. The average monthly dose for workers was 0.35 mSv. Average ambient dose rate values were 0.45 mSvh?1 f

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Grygier, Agata, and Krystian Skubacz. "Radon Equilibrium Factor and the Assessment of the Annual Effective Dose at Underground Workplaces." Atmosphere 15, no. 9 (2024): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15091131.

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The equilibrium factor F is one of the parameters that should be considered when assessing the effective dose based on radon activity concentration. Since the equilibrium factor in various environments ranges theoretically from a value close to 0 to 1, it is expected that dose assessment based on one recommended coefficient value may lead to an underestimation or overestimation of the dose. That is why it is essential to measure this quantity if the basis for dose assessment is the radon concentration and not the concentration of radon decay products. The equilibrium factors were determined ba

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Noßke, D., P. Schnell-Inderst, M. Hacker, K. Hahn, G. Brix, and A. Stamm-Meyer. "Diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures in Germany between 1996 and 2002." Nuklearmedizin 45, no. 01 (2006): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623929.

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Summary Aim: Man-made radiation exposure to the German population predominantly results from the medical use of ionizing radiation. It was therefore the aim of the present study, to provide public health information concerning diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures carried out in Germany between 1996 and 2002. Material and methods: Application frequencies for 10 groups of procedures were estimated from official reimbursement data provided by the German health insurance companies. Mean effective doses for these examinations were estimated from data provided by 14 clinics and 10 practices concer

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Wertheim, M. S., H. Jhangiani, G. Niebler, and V. Charu. "Finding an effective dose of fentanyl effervescent buccal tablets: Combined results of open-label titration." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 18521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.18521.

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18521 Background: Standard recommendations for short-acting oral opioid doses to manage breakthrough pain (BTP) assume some relation with the stable opioid dose used to treat persistent pain. Fentanyl effervescent buccal tablets (FEBT) are designed to enhance the efficiency of fentanyl absorption through the buccal mucosa. They may provide rapid-onset analgesia. This pooled analysis of data from 3 studies examined the relationship between effective FEBT dose and around-the-clock (ATC) dose in patients who completed open-label titration to an effective FEBT dose. Methods: Patients were 18–80 ye

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Vlasova, N. G., and A. M. Skryabin. "CATALOGUE OF AVERAGE ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE FOR RESIDENTS OF THE SETTLEMENTS SITUATED ON THE TERRITORIES CONTAMINATED AFTER THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 3 (September 28, 2011): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2011-8-3-28.

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The Catalogue of Average Annual Effective Dose (AAED) has been created to carry out zoning of the settlements of the Republic of Belarus on the basis of the data on Average annual effective dose (AAED) and the average density of soil contamination in the settlement by radionuclides 137Cs, 90Sr and 232, 239, 240Pu. The method of AAED assessment had been preliminary developed to assess the radiation dose of the residents in the Byelorussian settlements contaminated with Chernobyl radionuclides. The cost-efficacy of the use of the AAED assessment method made up 637 572 000 Belarusian roubles for

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P., M. Gyuk, Aruwa A., D. Dogara M., and H. Daniel I. "DETERMINATION OF RADON- 222 CONCENTRATIONS AND EFFECTIVE DOSE BY INGESTION IN GROUND AND SURFACE WATER SOURCES FROM IDAH AND ENVIRONS, NIGERIA." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 9 (2017): 15–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.999191.

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Groundwater (well and borehole) and surface water samples from various locations of Idah and environs including have been investigated for their 222Rn concentrations by Liquid Scintillation Counter (Packard Tri-Carb LSA 1000TR) manufactured by Packard Instrument Company. The mean concentration ranges from 4.70 Bq/L to 24.0 Bq/L for borehole samples, 5.70 Bq/L to 13.60 Bq/L and 1.90 Bq/L to 4.50 Bq/L for well and surface water respectively were found. The average mean concentration of 10.23 Bq/L and 12.28 Bq/L were found for borehole and well waters respectively which were above the maximum con

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Omega, Rakotovao Lovanantenaina, Adi R. A. Abdullah, Sidik Permana, et al. "Examining External Dose Rates in Mamuju Regency, Indonesia: A Personal Radiation Dosimetry Approach." Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 55, no. 6 (2023): 681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2023.55.6.6.

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This study aimed to quantify the individual external radiation exposure in Mamuju, Indonesia. A SmartRad portable personal dosimeter was utilized for this purpose, and data was collected over a period of 30 days. The findings indicate that the dose rate varies from 0.152 to 4.200 μSv/h and cumulatively ranges from 0.1 to 8.4 μSv/day based on an average measurement duration of 160 minutes. The average dose rate in areas with mineral deposits is 11.02 mSv per year. In contrast, the average effective dose in areas without radioactive mineral deposits is 2.6493 mSv per year. The annual average eff

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Barkovsky, A. N., Ruslan R. Akhmatdinov, Rustam R. Akhmatdinov, et al. "Radiation doses to the population of the Russian Federation in 2020." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 14, no. 4 (2021): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2021-14-4-103-113.

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The article presents estimates of radiation doses of technogenic exposure to personnel and the public due to the normal operation of radiation facilities, exposure to the public due to natural sources and technogenically altered radiation environment, and medical exposure of patients. The doses values were obtained using the Unified System of Individual Dose Control of the Russian Federation citizens for 2020. The authors have analyzed the data contained in the forms of state statistical observation No. 1-DOZ, No. 2-DOZ, No. 3-DOZ and No. 4-DOZ for 2020 submitted by the organizations and terri

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Kadhim, Inaam H., Saif M. Alghazaly, and Mohammed Abdul Kadhim Hadi Al-Sadi. "The annual effective dose for children resulting from the ingestion of radioactive nuclides found in basic diets." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 8, no. 2 (2025): 4046–53. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i2.6229.

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The concentrations of natural radionuclides uranium-238 (238U), thorium-232 (232Th), and potassium-40 (40K) were determined in sixteen basic baby meals that were randomly collected from the markets of Hilla, Iraq, using NaI(Tl). The activity concentration of 238U ranged from 0.075 ± 0.013 Bq.kg-1 in (MG1) to 18.21 ± 0.055 Bq.kg-1 in (SG2), with an average value of 4.00 ± 0.145 Bq.kg-1. The concentration of 232Th ranged from 0.067 ± 0.009 Bq.kg-1 in (MG4) to 15.60 ± 0.08 Bq.kg-1 in (FG1), with an average of 4.97 ± 0.149 Bq.kg-1, while the 40K concentration ranged from 7.210 ± 1.932 Bq.kg-1 in (

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Biere, Peter E., Lateef Bamidele, Abayomi E. Ajetunmobi, and Kugbere Emumejaye. "Assessment of Radiological Risks in Sections of Niger Delta University campus, Bayelsa State, Nigeria." Physics Access 04, no. 01 (2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47514/phyaccess.2024.4.1.001.

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This paper presents an assessment of background radiation levels within the Niger Delta University campus, Bayelsa State Nigeria. A portable Geiger-Muller tube (Radiation Alert) was used to detect the background ionizing radiation within a temperature range of -100 ℃ to 500 ℃. Results of absorbed dose rate in air in the main campus, open field and new campus vary from 104.4 nGy/h to 278.4 nGy/h with an average of 156.6 nGy/h, 34.8 nGy/h to 174.0 nGy/h with an average of 95.7 nGy/h and 69.6 nGy/h to 174.0 nGy/h with an average of 113.1 nGy/h respectively. The annual effective dose estimates ran

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Kareem Hashim, Abdalsattar, Laith S. Alhiti, Ali Abid Abojassim, Sally Yakoob Taher, and Ali Saeed Jassim. "Alpha radioactivity in Iraqi market foodstuff: Assessing annual effective dose and lifetime cancer risk." E3S Web of Conferences 583 (2024): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458304013.

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In this study, integrated passive radon dosimeters with solid-state nuclear trace detectors (CR-39 and CN-85) were used to determine the annual effective dose and excess cancer risk for 25 different food samples in the Iraqi market. The dosimeters were deployed after four weeks of the required radiological equilibrium between radon and radium in the samples stored in sealed beakers. These caps were then quickly replaced with other caps equipped with detectors and stored for 70 days. After the detectors were removed from the samples, an electrochemical etching process was performed in a water b

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Abiodun, Ibrahim Olanrewaju, Nuruddeen Abdulkareem Muhammad, and Onaolapo Raheem Isiaka. "Evaluation of outdoor background ionizing radiation level around radiological sections in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe State Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 2 (2023): 196–203. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830182.

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This study presents the results of ambient radioactive radiation, radiation health hazard indices and excess lifetime cancer risk estimation around radiological sections in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria using a well calibrated Rados-200 meters and a Global Positioning System (Garmin 765). The mean annual outdoor equivalent dose of 0.078 mSv/y. was measured. Mean annual outdoor effective doses of 0.1358 mSv/y. and 0.0950 mSv/y. were computed respectively, that were less than 1 mSv/y. maximum recommended limit for general public. The mean outdoor ELCR values of 0.3330 x10

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Skrk, Damijan, and Dejan Zontar. "Estimated collective effective dose to the population from nuclear medicine examinations in Slovenia." Radiology and Oncology 47, no. 3 (2013): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raon-2013-0048.

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Abstract Background. A national survey of patient exposure from nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures was performed by Slovenian Radiation Protection Administration in order to estimate their contribution to the collective effective dose to the population of Slovenia. Methods. A set of 36 examinations with the highest contributions to the collective effective dose was identified. Data about frequencies and average administered activities of radioisotopes used for those examinations were collected from all nuclear medicine departments in Slovenia. A collective effective dose to the population

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Babatunde, A. Adebo. "Indoor Exposure to Environmental Gamma Radiation in selected Locations in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 6 (2019): 576–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3588726.

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Indoor exposure to gamma radiation was investigated in some selected location in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria to determine and compare the levels of exposure to radiations in houses built with differing materials. Measurements were obtained using the LiF Thermoluminescent Dosimeters TLDs . LiF TLD was used because of its general resistance to corrosion and water, good response to gamma radiation and because they have no radiation - induced thermoluminescence TL which interferes with measurements of low exposures. Results show that average absorbed dose in cement sand building is 0.0285 &plusmn

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Луценко, Р. В., А. Г. Сидоренко, Н. О. Власенко та О. А. Луценко. "ВСТАНОВЛЕННЯ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ ДОЗИ 2-ГІДРОКСИ-N- НАФТАЛЕН-1-ІЛ-2-(2-OКСО-1,2-ДИГІДРО-ІНДОЛ-3-ІЛІДЕН)-АЦЕТАМІДУ НА МОДЕЛІ «ПОВЕДІНКА, ЩО КАРАЄТЬСЯ»". Medical and Ecological Problems 26, № 1-2 (2022): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/mep.2022.26.1-2.05.

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Derivatives of 2-oxoindoline demonstrate significant biological and pharmacological activity, including diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, analgesic, sedative, anticonvulsant and other effects. The aim of this research is to establish the average effective dose of 2-hydroxy-n-naphthalene-1-yl-2-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-ylidene)-acetamide (compound 18) as a potential anxiolytic, as well as its therapeutic index. Materials and methods of research. The experiments were performed on 36 albino adult male Wistar rats. The average effective dose (ED50) of compound 18

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Zhang, Guoliang, Jianmin Shen, Pin Bao, Ziqin Yao, Yuan Yuan, and Shiyuan Fang. "ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE OF RADIATION WORKERS AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN ANHUI PROVINCE, CHINA, DURING 2013–18." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 190, no. 3 (2020): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa098.

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Abstract Data on occupational radiation exposure of radiation workers at a tertiary hospital in China during 2013–18 were analyzed to provide decision-making advice for hospitals and health administrative departments. A total of 1255 exposure records of radiation workers were collected. The average annual effective doses of radiation workers during 2013–18 was 0.4977 mSv, with 1150 (91.63%) records ranging between 0 and 1 mSv, 91 (7.25%) between 1 and 2 mSv, 10 (0.80%) between 2 and 5 mSv and 4 (0.32%) records exceeding 5 mSv. There was a significant difference in the average annual effective

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Ugolini, Raffaella, Elena Caldognetto, and Flavio Trotti. "Use of Fertilizers in Agriculture: Individual Effective Dose Estimate." Environments 7, no. 1 (2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments7010007.

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Natural radioactivity might be present in fertilizers above ordinary levels, in particular for 40K and for the radionuclides of the 238U series. A modeling evaluation of the individual effective dose deriving from the use of fertilizers in agriculture is presented here. Dose assessment is useful in the transposition of Directive 2013/59/Euratom, which rules the individual exposure to commodities containing radionuclides of natural origin, such as fertilizers. The following input data have been considered for this study: the amount of fertilizers used in the region of Veneto and in Italy; the u

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Siraz, MMM, Aleya Begum, RK Khan, A. Hoque, and A. Begum. "Measurement of effective dose to patient during interventional cardiac procedure." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 40, no. 1 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v40i1.31728.

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Interventional cardiac procedures result in substantial patient radiation dose due to prolonged fluoroscopy time and radiographic exposure. Patient dose measurement is performed in two catheterization laboratories in Square Hospital Ltd, Dhaka. A total of 50 patients of Square Hospital is included in this study. TLDs are used for the measurement of the dose received by patients during interventional cardiology at Square Hospital, Dhaka. Patients, who underwent CAG, PTCA, and (CAG with PTCA) have average effective dose 3.30 mSv with a range from 0.96 to 9.12 mSv, 24.14 mSv with a range from 7.5

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ABOJASSIM, ALI ABID, LUBNA A. AL-ALASADI, AHMED R. SHITAKE, FAEQ A. AL-TEMEMIE, and AFNAN A. HUSAIN. "Assessment of Annual Effective Dose for Natural Radioactivity of Gamma Emitters in Biscuit Samples in Iraq." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 9 (2015): 1766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-067.

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Biscuits are an important type of food, widely consumed by babies in Iraq and other countries. This work uses gamma spectroscopy to measure the natural radioactivity due to long-lived gamma emitters in children's biscuits; it also estimates radiation hazard indices, that is, the radium equivalent activity, the representative of gamma level index, the internal hazard index, and the annual effective dose in children. Ten samples were collected from the Iraqi market from different countries of origin. The average specific activities for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were 9.390, 3.1213, and 214.969 Bq/kg,

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AS-Subaihi, Fuad Abdo, Tahir Abdullah Abdulgabar Salem, and Mahmood Issa Ahmed. "ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVEL AND ASSOCIATED RADIOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN MARINE SEDIMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM ABYAN BEACH, GULF OF ADEN, YEMEN." Electronic Journal of University of Aden for Basic and Applied Sciences 4, no. 1 (2023): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/ejua-ba.2023.1.217.

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Twenty three marine sediment samples taken from the side beach from the Abyan beach, Aden Gulf, Yemen to measuring the activity concentration of terrestrial radionuclides radium-226, thorium-232 and potassium-40 and its associated hazard indices using gamma spectrometer with High-Purity Germanium HPGe detector. The average activity concentration of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40k in marine sediments samples under investigation were 16.25± 0.63Bqkg-1, for Ra-226, 23.80± 1.46Bqkg-1 for Th-232 and 518.54±44.61Bqkg-1 for K-40 respectively. The radiation hazard indices which resulting fr

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Tandi, Joni, Franciska Diana Pratiwi, Surisna Surisna, Niluh Puspita Dewi, and Magfirah Magfirah. "The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Guava (Psidium guajava L) Leaf on Hypercholesterolemia-Diabetic White Rats Male Induced by High Fat Feed and Streptozotocin." Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 7, no. 2 (2021): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i2.15533.

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This study aims to determine the effect of guava (Psidiium guajava L) leaf extract on hypercholesterolemia-diabetic white rats male and the effective dose for reducing cholesterol and blood glucose levels. This study is a laboratory experimental study using 30 rats divided into 6 test animals. the treatment group, each group consisted of 5 rats. Group I was normal control, group II negative control was given Na-CMC suspension, group III as positive control was given simvastatin group IV dose 150 mg / kg BW, group V dose 250 mg / kg BW and group VI dose 350 mg / kg BW. The results showed that t

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R S, Niranjan, Ningappa C, Nandakumar V, and Harshavardhana C N. "Measurement of Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Level and Annual Effective Dose in and Around Nuggihalli-Holenarasipura Schist Belts, Karnataka State, India." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, S1-Feb (2021): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3939.

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All individual living beings on the earth are exposed continuously to the radiations coming from terrestrial and extraterrestrial sources and also from their own bodies. The indoor and outdoor ambient gamma radiations are measured in and around Nuggihalli- Holenarasipura schist belts of Hassan district in Karnataka state. The measurements are carried out using the environment radiation dosimeter UR 705 which is a portable detector. Absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose rate are estimated by measuring the exposure rate. The total annual effective dose calculated from both indoor and outd

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Kareem, Idrees Majeed, and Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed. "Assessment of 222Radon Concentration and Annual Effective Dose in Drinking Water in Bardarash, Kurdistan Region of Iraq." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 13, no. 6 (2023): 12164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.6391.

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The study aims to determine the concentration of radon to assess the radioactive risk in groundwater in Bardarash, Kurdistan region, Iraq, which relies on groundwater as its primary source of water. Fifty samples were collected from wells for water use and were evaluated with RAD7-active Durridge Electronic Detector. Radon concentrations ranged from 0.93±0.43 Bq/l to 11.39±1.86 Bq/l, with a mean of 7.22 Bq/l and a standard deviation of 2.5. The results were used to estimate the annual effective doses of three categories. The annual effective doses of ingestion of groundwater ranged from 14.26

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Aliyu, A.S., A. Ismaila, A.M. Na'inna, and A. Mohammed. "Measurement of Radon Concentration in Soil Samples of Mazat and Kafi-Habu Mining Sites, Plateau, Nigeria." FUDMA Journal of Sciences 4, no. 4 (2020): 295–301. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-513.

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Radon and its short-lived progenies contributed significantly to natural background radiation. Long-term exposure to such radiation increases the probability of lung cancer to persons. To assess the radiological hazards associated with the inhalation of radon gas from ore dust in Mazat and Kafi-Habu mining sites of Plateau, Nigeria, 12 soil samples from an abandoned tailing dump ground were collected and analysed for radon using RAD-7 electronic detector. The dose rate of each sampling point was directly measured using RADOS RDS -120 portable survey meter. The results gave a mean radon concent

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Autsavapromporn, Narongchai, Chutima Krandrod, Pitchayaponne Klunklin, et al. "Health Effects of Natural Environmental Radiation during Burning Season in Chiang Mai, Thailand." Life 12, no. 6 (2022): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12060853.

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This paper presents the first measurement of the investigation of the health impacts of indoor radon exposure and external dose from terrestrial radiation in Chiang Mai province during the dry season burning between 2018 and 2020. Indoor radon activity concentrations were carried out using a total of 220 RADUET detectors in 45 dwellings of Chiang Mai (7 districts) during burning and non-burning seasons. Results show that indoor radon activity concentration during the burning season (63 ± 33 Bq/m3) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to the non-burning season (46 ± 19 Bq/m3), with

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Hamdani, Hamdani. "Larutan ekstrak kulit durian (Durio zibethinus Murr) terhadap kematian larva nyamuk aedes aegypti." Jurnal SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan 1, no. 1 (2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v1i1.289.

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Background: Durian plant (Durio zibethinus Murr) is one example of a plant that has the potential as a natural insecticide that is safe for the environment. But now the utilization has not been done to the maximum. Durian fruit is one of the typical fruits of Indonesia, durian skin extract (Durio zibethinus Murr) as a control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that durian skin extract obtained by distillation and tested with a concentration of 25% is effective to kill mosquitoes.Objective: To determine the comparison of the effectiveness of durian (Durio zibethinus Murr) skin doses against the mortal

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