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Dupuy, Stéphane. "Aérodontalgies et aviation civile." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR20088.
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Antonini, Veronica. "Aviation English: una lingua per volare Analisi linguistica della comunicazione in aviazione civile." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20818/.
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La tesi si propone l'obiettivo di esaminare le caratteristiche della lingua dell'aviazione, il cosiddetto Aviation English (AE), rivolgendo un'attenzione particolare alle dinamiche delle interazioni verbali che avvengono tra piloti e controllori del traffico aereo. A partire da un breve excursus sui diversi tipi di linguaggi, da quelli specialistici alle lingue controllate, si cercherà di fornire una chiara definizione dell'AE, delineando gli aspetti che lo rendono una vera e propria lingua e non una semplice varietà di inglese.
La tesi passerà in rassegna tutte le convenzioni e le regole che compongono questa lingua e che rendono la comunicazione in volo efficace a livello internazionale. Si vedrà anche come la comunicazione in aviazione sia suscettibile a molti fattori linguistici (e non), il che comporta per gli operatori del settore, l'obbligo di conoscerla a fondo, più della loro stessa lingua madre.
In conclusione, si eseguirà un'analisi conversazionale di una comunicazione terra-bordo-terra realmente avvenuta in un'emergenza. Più precisamente, si tratta dell'estratto del volo US Airways 1549, diventato famoso come "il miracolo dell'Hudson". Questo permetterà di mettere in risalto le regole dell'AE, applicate in un caso concreto, quanto singolare, e notare come queste siano efficaci nel gestire, a livello comunicativo e operativo, gli imprevisti.
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Montloin, Leslie. "Impact of GNSS singular events on the integrity of airport navigation systems." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/15994/1/montloin.pdf.
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GNSSs are currently used in civil aviation to provide aircraft with position and velocity estimates from en-route to precision approach operations. Extending the use of GNSS to the guidance function during airport surface operations and under zero-visibility conditions remains a challenge. Indeed, during these operations, GNSS measurements may be affected by GNSS singular events, such as multipath or ionosphere anomalies. GNSS singular events may lead to unacceptable position errors in terms of accuracy and integrity for the zero-visibility guidance function. Current GNSS integrity monitoring systems are not designed to totally account for the GNSS singular event effects. The development of GNSS integrity monitoring systems designed to properly protect users from the singular event effects is essential to use GNSS for the guidance function under zero-visibility conditions. GNSS measurement error and integrity failure models are key inputs in the design of GNSS integrity monitoring systems. In this thesis, work has been mainly focused on the development of GNSS multipath measurement errors, on the assessment of the multipath impact on the GNSS-based position error, and on the development of GNSS multipath integrity failure models. For this matter, the dual frequency GPSL1C+GPSL5 and GalileoE1+GalileoE5a multipath pseudo- range error model adapted to airport navigation has been firstly proposed. Next, the impact of multipath on the GNSS-based position error has been assessed. To do so, a double constellation GPS+Galileo/IRS tight coupling algorithm based on a linearized Kalman filter has been selected. The theoretical and quantitative analysis of the impact of the GNSS multipath ranging errors on the horizontal position bias and on the covariance matrix of the horizontal position error have been proposed. Finally, a GNSS multipath integrity failure model has been proposed. The model describes the signature of the GNSS single multipath ranging failures, the factors influencing the signature as well as the occurrence model of these failures and their conditions of occurrence.
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Vallée, Fabien. "L’évolution juridique de la surveillance en matière de sûreté de l’aviation civile en France." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL20019.
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Face à un risque terroriste nécessitant de maintenir les réseaux de transport aérien « à un haut niveau de vigilance », la sûreté de l’aviation civile, définie comme la « combinaison des mesures et des ressources humaines et matérielles visant à protéger l’aviation civile contre les actes d’intervention illicite », est un enjeu majeur en France.La communautarisation du domaine au lendemain des attentats du 11 septembre 2001 – se traduisant notamment par l’obligation pour les Etats membres d’élaborer et de mettre en œuvre un programme national de contrôle de la qualité de la sûreté – et la participation accrue des opérateurs du transport aérien à la mise en œuvre des mesures de sûreté (co-production de la sûreté) ont progressivement amené l’Etat français à se recentrer, en la matière, sur sa fonction de surveillance de ces opérateurs. Cette évolution du rôle de l’Etat ne pouvait que s’appuyer sur une évolution du droit de l’aviation civile et plus largement du droit public permettant de garantir l’efficacité des activités de surveillance, tout en conciliant les impératifs de sûreté avec les droits et garanties des personnes impliquées dans la mise en œuvre des mesures de sûreté. L’agrément de sûreté des personnes morales et la certification des personnes physiques sont l’expression juridique de cette évolution. L’étude de ces deux techniques juridiques permet alors de montrer le caractère dynamique d’une surveillance devant constamment s’adapter aux évolutions des modes d’exploitation des opérateurs, des risques représentés par leurs activités, des principes des facteurs humains et celles des menaces pesant sur l’aviation civileFacing a terrorist threat that requires to keep air transport networks “at a high level of vigilance”, civil aviation security, which is defined as “the combination of measures and human and material resources intended to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference”, is a major challenge in France.The communitisation of this field in the aftermath of the events of 11 September 2001 – which led in particular to the obligation of developing and implementing a national civil aviation security quality control programme – and the increased involvement of air transport operators in the implementation of security measures (the co-production of security) have gradually prompted the French State to refocus its security activities on the monitoring of these operators. This evolution of the role of the State required an evolution of civil aviation law and public law to ensure the effectiveness of monitoring activities while reconciling security requirements with the rights and guarantees of the persons involved in the implementation of security measures. The security approval of legal entities and the certification of natural persons are the legal expression of this evolution. The study of these legal techniques demonstrates that oversight is a dynamic process, constantly adapting to changes in operating procedures and processes, risks posed by air transport operators activities, human factors principles and the threats to civil aviation
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Ouzeau, Christophe. "Modes dégradés résultant de l'utilisation multi constellation du GNSS." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0091/document.
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Actuellement, on constate dans le domaine de la navigation, un besoin croissant de localisation par satellites. Apres une course a l'amelioration de la precision (maintenant proche de quelques centimetres grace a des techniques de lever d'ambiguite sur des mesures de phase), la releve du nouveau defi de l'amelioration de l'integrite du GNSS (GPS, Galileo) est a present engagee. L'integrite represente le degre de confiance que l'on peut placer dans l'exactitude des informations fournies par le systeme, ainsi que la capacite a avertir l'utilisateur d'un dysfonctionnement du GNSS dans un delai raisonnable. Le concept d'integrite du GNSS multi-constellation necessite une coordination au niveau de l'architecture des futurs recepteurs combines (GPS-Galileo). Le fonctionnement d'un tel recepteur dans le cas de passage du systeme multi-constellation en mode degrade est un probleme tres important pour l'integrite de navigation. Cette these se focalise sur les problemes lies a la navigation aeronautique multiconstellation et multi-systeme GNSS. En particulier, les conditions de fourniture de solution de navigation integre sont evaluees durant la phase d'approche APV I (avec guidage vertical). En disposant du GPS existant, du systeme Galileo et d'un systeme complementaire geostationnaire (SBAS), dont les satellites emettent sur des frequences aeronautiques en bande ARNS, la question fondamentale est comment tirer tous les benefices d'un tel systeme multi-constellation pour un recepteur embarque a bord d'un avion civil. En particulier, la question du maintien du niveau de performance durant cette phase de vol APV, en termes de precision, continuite, integrite et disponibilite, lorsque l'une des composantes du systeme est degradee ou perdu, doit etre resolue. L'objectif de ce travail de these est donc d'etudier la capacite d'un recepteur combine avionique d'effectuer la tache de reconfiguration de l'algorithme de traitement apres l'apparition de pannes ou d'interferences dans une partie du systeme GNSS multiconstellation et d'emettre un signal d'alarme dans le cas ou les performances de la partie du systeme non contaminee ne sont pas suffisantes pour continuer l'operation en cours en respectant les exigences de l'aviation civile. Egalement, l'objectif de ce travail est d'etudier les methodes associees a l'execution de cette reconfiguration pour garantir l'utilisation de la partie du systeme GNSS multi-constellation non contaminee dans les meilleures conditions. Cette etude a donc un interet pour les constructeurs des futurs recepteurs avioniques multiconstellationThe International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has defined the concept of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which corresponds to the set of systems allowing to perform satellite-based navigation while fulfilling ICAO requirements. The US Global Positioning Sysem (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system which constitutes one of the components of the GNSS. Currently, this system broadcasts a civil signal, called L1 C/A, within an Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services (ARNS) band. The GPS is being modernized and will broadcast two new civil signals: L2C (not in an ARNS band) and L5 in another ARNS band. Galileo is the European counterpart of GPS. It will broadcast three signals in an ARNS band: Galileo E1 OS (Open Service) will be transmitted in the GPS L1 frequency band and Galileo E5a and E5b will be broadcasted in the same 960-1215 MHz ARNS band than that of GPS L5. GPS L5 and Galileo E1, E5a, E5b components are expected to provide operational benefits for civil aviation use. However, civil aviation requirements are very stringent and up to now, the bare systems alone cannot be used as a means of navigation. For instance, the GPS standalone does not implement sufficient integrity monitoring. Therefore, in order to ensure the levels of performance required by civil aviation in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity of service and availability, ICAO standards define different systems/algorithms to augment the basic constellations. GPS, Galileo and the augmentation systems could be combined to comply with the ICAO requirements and complete the lack of GPS or Galileo standalone performance. In order to take benefits of new GNSS signals, and to provide the service level required by the ICAO, the architecture of future combined GNSS receivers must be standardized. The European Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE) Working Group 62, which is in charge of Galileo standardization for civil aviation in Europe, proposes new combined receivers architectures, in coordination with the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA). The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the efforts made by the WG 62 by providing inputs necessary to build future receivers architecture to take benefits of GPS, Galileo and augmentation systems. In this report, we propose some key elements of the combined receivers' architecture to comply with approach phases of flight requirements. In case of perturbation preventing one of the needed GNSS components to meet a phase of flight required performance, it is necessary to be able to switch to another available component in order to try to maintain if possible the level of performance in terms of continuity, integrity, availability and accuracy. That is why future combined receivers must be capable of detecting the impact of perturbations that may lead to the loss of one GNSS component, in order to be able to initiate a switch. These perturbations are mainly atmospheric disturbances, interferences and multipath. In this thesis we focus on the particular cases of interferences and ionosphere perturbations. The interferences are among the most feared events in civil aviation use of GNSS. Detection, estimation and removal of the effect of interference on GNSS signals remain open issues and may affect pseudorange measurements accuracy, as well as integrity, continuity and availability of these measurements. In literature, many different interference detection algorithms have been proposed, at the receiver antenna level, at the front-end level. Detection within tracking loops is not widely studied to our knowledge. That is why, in this thesis, we address the problem of interference detection at the correlators outputs. The particular case of CW interferences detection on the GPS L1 C/A and Galileo E1 OS signals processing is proposed. Nominal dual frequency measurements provide a good estimation of ionospheric delay. In addition, the combination of GPS or GALILEO navigation signals processing at the receiver level is expected to provide important improvements for civil aviation. It could, potentially with augmentations, provide better accuracy and availability of ionospheric correction measurements. Indeed, GPS users will be able to combine GPS L1 and L5 frequencies, and future GALILEO E1 and E5 signals will bring their contribution. However, if affected by a Radio Frequency Interference, a receiver can lose one or more frequencies leading to the use of only one frequency to estimate the ionospheric code delay. Therefore, it is felt by the authors as an important task to investigate techniques aimed at sustaining multi-frequency performance when a multi constellation receiver installed in an aircraft is suddenly affected by radiofrequency interference, during critical phases of flight. This problem is identified for instance in [NATS, 2003]. Consequently, in this thesis, we investigate techniques to maintain dual frequency performances when a frequency is lost (L1 C/A or E1 OS for instance) after an interference occurrence
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Escher, Anne-Christine. "Étude de l'apport de l'hybridation GNSS/INS au contrôle de l'intégrité du GNSS pour des applications aviation civile." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT005H.
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Le futur système de navigation par satellites GNSS devra satisfaire les exigences définies par l'OACI en termes de précision, d'intégrité, de disponibilité et de continuité de service. Le GPS ne permet pas de satisfaire pleinement ces exigences de manière autonome. En revanche son hybridation avec les systèmes de navigation inertielle tels que l'IRS est une solution candidate. Les mesures GPS sont utilisées comme observation pour l'estimation des erreurs inertielles, les données IRS corrigées forment la solution de navigation utilisée pour le positionnement. Lors de l'indisponibilité du signal GPS, l'IRS calibrée peut assurer la continuité de la navigation avec une bonne précision. Toutefois, de nombreuses perturbations peuvent affecter le signal reçu par le récepteur GPS et conduire à une mauvaise re-calibration de l'IRS. Les interférences sont les perturbations les plus redoutées par l'aviation civile: elles peuvent affecter au même instant plusieurs canaux de poursuite du signal. Cette étude débute par une caractérisation des systèmes GPS et IRS, ainsi que de leur hybridation serrée. Deux logiciels de génération des mesures GPS et IRS, et un logiciel d'intégration par filtrage de Kalman ont été réalisés et validés. Trois algorithmes de contrôle d'intégrité du signal GPS sont ensuite analysés. Un algorithme basé seulement sur la redondance des satellites poursuivis, de type RAIM instantané, a été implanté et ses performances en terme de disponibilité ont été caractérisées. Deux algorithmes AAIM classiques qui prennent en compte l'information inertielle et offrent de meilleures performances que le RAIM sont présentés. Ils sont construits sur l'hypothèse d'une défaillance de mesure unique. Nous avons choisi de développer l'étude de l'algorithme dit du maximum de séparation appliqué à l'hybridation GPS/IRS et développé par Honeywell. Par la suite, nous nous sommes intéressés à son adaptation dans le cas où plusieurs mesures GNSS peuvent être affectées instantanément.
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Blais, Antoine. "Feasibility of a Direct Sampling Dual-Frequency SDR Galileo Receiver for Civil Aviation." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14271/1/Blais.pdf.
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This thesis studies the relevance of DS SDR architectures applied to Galileo receivers in the specific context of Civil Aviation, characterized in particular by strict requirements of robustness to interference, in particular, interference caused by DME or CW signals. The Software Defined Radio concept renders the major tendency, inside the receiver, to move the demodulation part from an analog technology to digital signal processing, that is software. The choice of this kind of design is nearly generalized in new receiver architectures so it was considered the case in this work. The Direct Sampling method consists in digitizing the signal as close as possible to the antenna, typically after the LNA and the associated RF bandpass filter. So this technique does not use any conversion to an intermediate frequency, using as much as possible the bandpass sampling principle in order to minimize the sampling frequency and consequently the downstream computational costs. What is more, this thesis aiming at the greatest simplification of the analog part of the receiver, the decision was made to suppress the analog AGC which equips the receivers of classical architecture. Only fixed gained amplifiers should precede the ADC. This document exposes the work done to determine if these choices can apply to a multifrequency (E5a and E1 signals) Galileo receiver intended for a Civil Aviation use. The structure of the document reflects the approach used during this thesis. It progresses step by step from the antenna down to the digital signal, to be processed then by the SDR part. After an introduction detailing the problem to study and its context, the second chapter investigates the Civil Aviation requirements of robustness to interference a satellite navigation receiver must comply with. It is the basis which completely conditions the design process. The third chapter is devoted to the determination of the sampling frequency. Two sampling architectures are proposed: the first implements coherent sampling of the two E5a and E1 bands while the second uses separate sampling. In both cases the necessity to use extra RF filters is shown. The minimum attenuation to be provided by these filters is also specified. These requirements are strong enough to justify a feasibility investigation. It is the subject of chapter four where an experimental study, based on a SAW filter chip available on the shelf, is related. The issue of the sampling clock jitter, of concern with the Direct Sampling technique because of the high frequency of the signal to digitize, is investigated in chapter five. Some simulation results are presented and a dimensioning of the quality of the sampling clock is proposed. In chapter six, quantization, a byproduct of digitization, is detailed. Precisely it is the calculation of the number of bits the ADC must have to digitally represent the whole dynamic of, not only the useful signal, but also of the potential interference. Considering the high binary throughput highlighted in chapters three and six, chapter seven evaluates the possibility to reduce the coding dynamic of the digital signal at the output of the ADC by means of compression functions. The last chapter is focused on the digital separation of the two E5a and E1 bands in the coherent sampling architecture presented in chapter two. Here also specifications of minimum attenuation are given. Lastly the conclusions synthesize the contributions of this thesis and proposes ideas for future work to enrich them and more generally the subject of DS-SDR Galileo receivers for Civil Aviation.
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Lauga, Jean-Charles. "La notion de sûreté à l'épreuve des spécificités des déplacements aériens et ferroviaires." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0461.
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Un siècle aura suffi à révolutionner les habitudes de transport des voyageurs grâce à la popularisation du rail puis de l’aviation civile. Cette révolution s’est accompagnée progressivement de nouvelles règles de protection des passagers notamment sur les aspects « sécuritaires ». L’objectif de ces travaux de recherche est de parvenir ainsi, à partir de l'étude juridique de la notion de la sûreté de l’aviation civile et de la notion de sûreté ferroviaire et des particularités inhérentes à ces deux modes de transport, à dresser une définition générale de la « sûreté des transports »It will have taken only one century to revolutionize the transport habits of travelers through the popularization of rail and then civil aviation. This revolution has gradually been accompanied by new passenger protection rules, particularly on "security" aspects. The goal of this research work is to draw up a general definition of "transport security" from the legal study of civil aviation security and of railway security concepts and the particularities of these two means of transport
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Saucray, Jean-Michel. "Sur les methodes de calcul de charges en vol dues aux perturbations atmospheriques." Toulouse, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAT0020.
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L'analyse des actions des perturbations atmospheriques sur les avions en vol, pour la determination des charges critiques et de la tenue en fatigue, est une etape essentielle dans le processus de dimensionnement de la structure. Ces calculs sont regis par une reglementation dont les evolutions sont d'un interet majeur pour l'industrie aeronautique. Ces travaux presentent dans le detail les differentes methodes de calcul utilisees pour le predimensionnement, la justification et la certification des avions et evaluent les repercutions des progres effectues ces dernieres annees, sur la base d'etudes de la reponse avion et de la comparaison des charges calculees. De plus, les exigences reglementaires en vigueur au niveau international, souvent disparates et desequilibrees, tendent par une volonte commune des services officiels et de l'industrie aeronautique a etre unifiees. Dans cette optique, nous proposons une nouvelle methode de calcul elaboree a partir des resultats obtenus a l'aerospatiale
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Itabu, Issa Sadiki Michel. "La sécurité aérienne en Afrique : la communication autistique au sein du collectif sécuritaire de l'aéronautique civile congolaise." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H205/document.
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La République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) fut l'un des meilleurs modèles de l'exploitation aéronautique en Afrique pendant la colonisation et plus d'une vingtaine d'années après l'indépendance au point d'en être félicitée par l'Association Internationale des Transporteurs Aériens (IATA). Aujourd'hui, par contre, ce vaste pays situé au cœur de l'Afrique passe pour le mauvais élève de l'aviation civile mondiale sur le plan sécuritaire et le pire dans l'enregistrement des accidents et des catastrophes aériens depuis la libéralisation de ce secteur en 1978. Conséquence: la DOC est blacklistée par l'Union européenne depuis 2005 jusqu'à ce jour. Dans la mémoire collective et les médias, la RDC est ainsi assimilée aux crashes et aux catastrophes aériennes et le commentaire l'égratigne chaque fois que survient un accident aérien dans n'importe quel pays au monde. Cette étude s'inscrit dans la problématisation de la communication au sein des organisations. Elle questionne les nouveaux paradigmes de l'accident aérien dans le but de sa prévention en amont dans le transport aérien. La question principale concerne donc la communication en aéronautique civile. En effet, malgré l'imputabilité des occurrences comptabilisées en RDC soit à l'erreur humaine, soit à la technique, soit à l'environnement, soit à la conjonction de ces trois facteurs causaux, cette thèse doctorale démontre, dans une approche généalogicoprocessuelle, socio-anthropologique et macro systémique-technique aéronautique, que l'avalanche des accidents et des catastrophes aériens en RDC est consécutive à « la communication autistique», c'est-à-dire à « la normalisation de l'anormal, des dysfonctionnements, des déviances, des transgressions normatives», donc de « l'anormal normalisé» ou à un échange ou une communication procédant par les écarts aux normes de l'Organisation de !'Aviation Civile Internationale (OACI) dans un domaine très réglementé et très normalisé. Ainsi, l'étude décrit l'évolution de l'aéronautique civile congolaise des origines coloniales à ce jour. Elle fait une immersion dans les organisations ou les structures de son « collectif sécuritaire», en esquisse les types de communications, d'interactions, de relations et d'interrelations y entretenus, à savoir les incommunications, les communications paradoxales, ambigües, confuses, incompatibles, absurdes, l'aveuglement communicationnel ou déni de communication, les dialogues de sourds, communication de défense transpersonnelle, silences en tant que langue de bois. Enfin, cette recherche doctorale analyse sans complaisance les accidents et les catastrophes aériens survenus de 1990 à 2011 en ROC pour le démontrer et propose une théorie systémique du collectif sécuritaire de l'aéronautique civile comme « frein » aux pratiques communicationnelles autistiques en aviation civileThe Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) was one of the best models of aeronautical exploitation in Africa during colonization and over a couple of decades after independence to the extent of being congratulated by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Today, in contrast, this huge central African country (DRC) is the bad student in world civil aviation in terms of security and the worst in terms of air accidents and disasters since the sector was liberalized in 1978. The consequence is that ORC has been blacklisted by the European Union since 2005. In the collective memory and the media, DRC is associated with crashes and air disasters so that every lime there is a plane crash anywhere in the world, reference is made to ORC. This research questions the issue of communication within organizations. New paradigms of air accidents are questioned with the aim of their prevention upstream in air transport. The main research question is about communication in civil aeronautics. As a matter of tact, even though registered occurrences in ORC have been attributed either to human error or to technology, or to the environment, or sometimes to the combination of these three factors, results of this study conducted in a genealogic-process, socio-anthropological and macro aeronautical technically-systemic approach indicate that the avalanche of air accidents and disasters in ORC is due to "autistic communication", that is, "the normalization of the abnormal, dysfunction, deviances and infringement of standards", thus 'the abnormal standardized" or through communication that proceeds by discrepancies to standards of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in a highly regulated and standardized field. The study depicts the evolution of Congolese civil aeronautics since its colonial origins until the present, it immerses itself in the organizations or structures of its "security sector", and outlines the types of communications, interactions, relations and interrelations that occur in there including paradoxical, ambiguous, confusing, incompatible, absurd communications, non-communications, communicational blindness or denial of communication, dialog of the deaf, transpersonal defense communication, silence as waffle. Finally, the research analyzes air accidents and disasters that occurred in DRC between 1990 and 2011 without leniency to demonstrate this and suggests a systemic theory of civil aeronautics security sector as "a brake" to autistic communicational practices in civil aviation
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Makaya-Batchi, Roméo Boris. "La portée de l'évolution de la nature juridique des annexes à la convention relative à l'aviation civile internationale pour les états africains." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1009.
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Les textes dénommés, par commodité, annexes à la convention relatives à l'aviation civile internationale, dite Convention de Chicago, ne sont pas, au regard du droit international des annexes à ladite convention car elles n'ont pas la même valeur juridique que celle-ci. Elles n'acquièrent force juridique qu'une fois transposées dans le droit interne des Etats qui peuvent d'ailleurs y déroger. Pendant des années, la non transposition des annexes dans le droit positif des Etats a été tolérée. Cependant, depuis l'instauration du système des audits de sécurité et de sûreté, l'absence de transposition peut entrainer le placement des Etats sur le site sécurisé de l'organisation de l'aviation civile internationale (oaci) et/ou sur la liste noire de l'Union Européenne. Par ces deux faits, les annexes ont acquis une évolution ayant des conséquences significatives la majorité des Etats, notamment africains, où le taux de non conformité aux annexes est le plus élevé de tous les continents ; ce qui ne va sans conséquence pour les relations aériennes internationales et pour le développement de l'industrie de l'aviation civile pour le continent africainThe texts referred to, for convenience, annexes to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, known as the Chicago Convention, are not, under international law annexes to the Convention because they lack the same legal status as it. They acquire legal force once transposed into national law of States which may also be waived. For years, the non transposition of annexes in the positive law of states was tolerated. However, since the introduction of the system safety audits and safety, the lack of transposition may result in the placement of states on the secure site in the organization of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and / or the list black of the European Union. By these two facts, the annexes have gained significant changes that impact the majority of states, particularly in Africa, where the rate of non-compliance with Schedules is the highest of all continents, what is wrong without consequence for aviation relations international and development industry of civil aviation for the African continent
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P, Laberge Xavier. "Une mesure basée sur le marché comme mécanisme mondial de gestion des émissions de gaz à effet de serre de l'aviation civile internationale." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6843.
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Les changements climatiques sont plus que jamais expliqués et détaillés par les recherches scientifiques. Malgré tout, les négociations climatiques et les mesures internationales semblent avancer à une vitesse inférieure à ce que leurs rapports scientifiques recommandent. Il existe, cependant, plusieurs initiatives telles que les marchés du carbone qui, sans être mondiaux, émergent partout dans le monde. Ceux-ci ont peut-être le potentiel de produire une pression suffisante sur les émetteurs de CO[indice inférieur 2] afin de diminuer l’amplitude de la crise climatique qui guette l’humanité. Les marchés du carbone en activité sont régionaux, étatiques ou internationaux, mais il y aura très probablement, dans les prochaines années, un premier marché du carbone mondial et celui-ci sera sectoriel. En effet, le secteur de l’aviation civile internationale par le biais de l’Organisation de l’aviation civile internationale (OACI), projette de mettre en place un mécanisme de marché d’ici 2020.
Dès 2005, l'encadrement des émissions de l'aviation civile internationale est étudié par la Commission européenne et l'étude aboutit à une décision officielle en 2008. Ainsi, a-t-elle décidé, dès le début de l’année 2013, de taxer, par le système communautaire d’échange de quotas d’émission européen tous les vols en provenance et au départ de destinations internationales traversant l’Union européenne. La décision de l'Union européenne a probablement précipité les négociations au sein de l’OACI, car elle a provoqué un véritable conflit diplomatique. En effet, de nombreux pays ont montré un désaccord certain avec cette mesure. Depuis, l’Union européenne a reporté l’ajout de l’aviation civile internationale dans son marché du carbone afin de diminuer les tensions en vue de la 38e Assemblée de l’OACI qui a eu lieu à la fin de 2013 et qui a abouti à la décision importante de mettre en place une mesure basée sur le marché pour 2020. Cependant, plusieurs désaccords ont émergé des négociations. Ainsi, dans ce mémoire, nous présenterons l’état de la situation et répondrons aux questions suivantes : quelles sont les dissensions au sein de l’OACI sur l’élaboration d’une mesure basée sur le marché et comment peuvent-elles être atténuées?
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Tulechki, Nikola. "Natural language processing of incident and accident reports : application to risk management in civil aviation." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20035/document.
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Cette thèse décrit les applications du traitement automatique des langues (TAL) à la gestion des risques industriels. Elle se concentre sur le domaine de l'aviation civile, où le retour d'expérience (REX) génère de grandes quantités de données, sous la forme de rapports d'accidents et d'incidents. Nous commençons par faire un panorama des différentes types de données générées dans ce secteur d'activité. Nous analysons les documents, comment ils sont produits, collectés, stockés et organisés ainsi que leurs utilisations. Nous montrons que le paradigme actuel de stockage et d’organisation est mal adapté à l’utilisation réelle de ces documents et identifions des domaines problématiques ou les technologies du langage constituent une partie de la solution. Répondant précisément aux besoins d'experts en sécurité, deux solutions initiales sont implémentées : la catégorisation automatique de documents afin d'aider le codage des rapports dans des taxonomies préexistantes et un outil pour l'exploration de collections de rapports, basé sur la similarité textuelle. En nous basant sur des observations de l'usage de ces outils et sur les retours de leurs utilisateurs, nous proposons différentes méthodes d'analyse des textes issus du REX et discutons des manières dont le TAL peut être appliqué dans le cadre de la gestion de la sécurité dans un secteur à haut risque. En déployant et évaluant certaines solutions, nous montrons que même des aspects subtils liés à la variation et à la multidimensionnalité du langage peuvent être traités en pratique afin de gérer la surabondance de données REX textuelles de manière ascendanteThis thesis describes the applications of natural language processing (NLP) to industrial risk management. We focus on the domain of civil aviation, where incident reporting and accident investigations produce vast amounts of information, mostly in the form of textual accounts of abnormal events, and where efficient access to the information contained in the reports is required. We start by drawing a panorama of the different types of data produced in this particular domain. We analyse the documents themselves, how they are stored and organised as well as how they are used within the community. We show that the current storage and organisation paradigms are not well adapted to the data analysis requirements, and we identify the problematic areas, for which NLP technologies are part of the solution. Specifically addressing the needs of aviation safety professionals, two initial solutions are implemented: automatic classification for assisting in the coding of reports within existing taxonomies and a system based on textual similarity for exploring collections of reports. Based on the observation of real-world tool usage and on user feedback, we propose different methods and approaches for processing incident and accident reports and comprehensively discuss how NLP can be applied within the safety information processing framework of a high-risk sector. By deploying and evaluating certain approaches, we show how elusive aspects related to the variability and multidimensionality of language can be addressed in a practical manner and we propose bottom-up methods for managing the overabundance of textual feedback data
Тoзи реферат описва приложението на автоматичната обработка на естествен език (ОЕЕ) в контекста на управлението на риска в гражданското въздухоплаване. В тази област докладването на инциденти и разследването на произшествия генерират голямо количество информация, главно под формата на текстови описания на необичайни събития. На първо време описваме раличните типове (текстови) данни, които секторът произвежда. Анализираме самите документи, методите за съхраняването им, как са организирани, както и техните употреби от екперти по сигурността. Показваме, че съвремените парадигми за съхраняване и организация не са добре приспособени към реалната употреба на този тип данни и установяваме проблемните зони, в които ОЕЕ е част от решението. Две приложения, отговарящи прецизно на нуждите на експерти по авиационна сигурност, са имплементирани: автоматична класификация на доклади за инциденти и система за проучване на на колекции, основаваща се върху текстовото сходство. Въз основа на наблюдения на реалната употреба на приложенията, предлагаме няколко метода за обработка на доклади за инциденти и произшествия и обсъждаме в дълбочина как ОЕЕ може да бъде проложено на различни нива в информационнo-обработващите структури на един високорисков сектор. Оценявайки методите показваме, че трудностите свързани с многоизмерността и изменимостта на човешкия език могат да бъдат ефективно адресирани и предлагаме надеждни възходящи методи за справяне със свръхизобилието на доклади за инциденти в текстови формат
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López, Ruiz Eduardo Rafael. "Conception d'une méthodologie pour améliorer la gestion des réglementations aéronautiques." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ESAE0006.
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Dans le monde de l'aéronautique, les réglementations de sûreté et de sécurité constituent un élément indispensable pour l'aviation civile. D'une part elles assurent aux passagers que l'avion est un moyen de transport fiable et d'autre part elles permettent aux différents acteurs qui interviennent dans le transport civil de collaborer le plus efficacement possible. Cependant, compte tenu de la complexité du domaine aéronautique et de sa dimension internationale, garantir les qualités intrinsèques des réglementations n'est pas une tâche facile. Aujourd'hui cette garantie est assurée par des moyens limités au crayon et au papier, alors que dans le domaine de la construction aéronautique l'informatique a mis en œuvre des outils très performants pour cette tâche. Cette thèse propose une méthodologie novatrice de gestion des réglementations de sûreté et de sécurité, s'inspirant des méthodes utilisées en informatique, en les adaptant aux besoins du domaine des réglementations aéronautiques. Elle reprend à la fois les "bonnes pratiques" de l'analyse des besoins et de la conception des systèmes, et incorpore les leçons tirées de l'expérience personnelle sur la formalisation des différentes réglementations aéronautiques (nationales et internationales). Cette thèse contribue donc à l'intégration des méthodes et outils informatiques pour une gestion plus rigoureuse des réglementations de l'aviation civile. Même si la méthodologie proposée a été conçue pour le domaine de l'aviation civile, il y a fort à parier qu'on peut l'appliquer à d'autres domaines réglementaires comme celui du transport maritime. . .
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Correia, Vincent. "L’Union européenne et l’ordre international de l’aviation civile : la contribution de l'Union européenne aux évolutions contemporaines du droit aérien international." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40050.
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La redéfinition des conditions d’exercice de la souveraineté aérienne des États membres, par un transfert progressif de compétences au profit de l’Union européenne, ne peut être analysée uniquement en termes de dépossession et de réduction de leur puissance individuelle. Les compétences aériennes confiées à l’Union permettent l’affirmation de l’ensemble européen sur la scène internationale. Ce processus, mouvant et encore inachevé, se traduit par une prise en compte accrue de la spécificité européenne en matière d’aviation civile. Malgré des réticences certaines émanant aussi bien des États membres que des États tiers, l’Union s’érige progressivement au rang d’acteur de poids, capable d’influencer le contenu normatif du droit aérien contemporain, de la même manière que le font les puissances aériennes traditionnelles et notamment les États-Unis. Ces nouvelles tendances, révélatrices de la souplesse et de la plasticité de la convention de Chicago, permettent de dresser des perspectives quant aux possibles évolutions futures de l’ordre international de l’aviation civileThe way in which the Member States have redefined the conditions regarding how they exercise their air sovereignty, by progressively transferring power to the European Union, cannot be viewed solely as them removing and reducing their individual powers. The powers conferred to the European Union in aviation matters are resulting in an affirmation of the international role of Europe as a whole. This on-going, and as yet incomplete process, may be seen in a greater recognition of the specific European aspect regarding Civil Aviation. In spite of the hesitance of Member States and non-member States, the European Union has progressively taken its place among the key players, able to influence developments in modern aviation law, in the same way as other established aviation authorities and especially the United States. These new trends reveal the flexibility and elasticity of the Chicago Convention and the potential future developments in International Civil Aviation
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Lebel, Julien. "Le contrôle de la connectivité aérienne, un outil de puissance sur la scène internationale : les stratégies de développement d’Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, Qatar Airways et Turkish Airlines." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080021/document.
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Le développement de puissantes compagnies aériennes bénéficiant d’un soutien évident d’acteurs politiques qui ont (re)lancé leurs activités vient poser d’importants défis pour le secteur aérien international. De fait, de nombreuses entités politiques perçoivent le transport aérien comme un outil indispensable afin de promouvoir leurs intérêts et s’imposer davantage sur la scène internationale. Les cas des émirats de Dubaï, d’Abu Dhabi et du Qatar, ainsi que de la Turquie illustrent pleinement la façon dont des acteurs politiques utilisent le développement d’une compagnie aérienne localement basée en fonction d’objectifs qui leur sont propres. La croissance inédite d’Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, Qatar Airways et Turkish Airlines vient toutefois bouleverser l’évolution de la connectivité aérienne mondiale, tandis que les nombreux acteurs de l’aérien peinent à s’accorder sur la mise en œuvre d’un cadre de portée internationale censé garantir l’existence d’une « concurrence loyale » entre les transporteurs, sur fond d’intérêts divergents. Le contrôle de la connectivité constitue en effet un instrument de soft power qui vient renforcer la position des acteurs qui l’utilisent, tout en créant des liens de/d’(inter)dépendance croissants. Les autorités politiques adoptent toutefois des approches différenciées afin de développer leur soft power, tandis que l’Union européenne s’avère être, pour l’heure, en retrait d’une telle dynamiqueThe growth of strong airlines benefiting from a large support of political stakeholders who have (re)launched their activities is leading to important challenges for the international air transport sector. Numerous political entities perceive aviation as an essential tool to promote their interests and to gain more international recognition. The cases of the emirates of Dubai, Abu Dhabi and Qatar, but also Turkey are fully showing how political stakeholders use the development of a locally based airline according to their own goals. The large growth of Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways, Qatar Airways and Turkish Airlines is disrupting the air connectivity evolution at a worldwide scale, while numerous aviation stakeholders do not reach to agree on an international framework aiming to safeguard a “fair competition” between air carriers, in a context of differing interests. Thus, the control of air connectivity forms a soft power instrument strengthening the position of stakeholders who are using it while creating in the meantime growing (inter)dependence links. Political authorities adopt however differentiated approaches in order to expand their soft power, whereas the European Union is, for now, staying away of such a dynamic
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Rishko, Andriy, and Андрій Рішко. "Aviation safety provision in civil aviation." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51123.
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1. ICAO Anual Report on "The State of Aviation Security in the World in 2019. URL: https://www.icao.int/safety/Documents/ICAO_SR_2019_final_web.pdf
2. Convention on International Civil Aviation. Chicago 1944 (ICAO Doc.7300).
3. Safety Guidelines for the Protection of Civil Aviation against Acts of Illegal Intrusion. (ICAO Doc 8973).
4. Moskalenko S.I. Problem of security of aviation security in Ukraine [Scientific article], Kiev, 2017. 3p.
5. Malyarchuk N.V. Homyachenko S.I. Ukraine Civil aviation: Problems of state regulation. URL: http://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/UV/article/download/8547/10386The emergence of aviation as a distinguished, independent transport industry took place in the twenties of the twentieth century. However, in the second half of the twentieth century, the network of international air routes covered almost all countries of the world. Operations on modern air transport are characterized by mass (number of transport units and volumes), rhythmic (frequency of traffic units) and adequate complexity. In this regard, there is a need for a rigorous legal mechanism for carrying out air transportation, fixing the obligations and rights of the transport process participants and, most importantly, ensuring a reliable level of security. Aviation security as a scientific field is a relatively new aspect of scientific activity. Aviation security is a state of protection of the sector of civil aviation from threats of external factors associated with the implementation of acts of illegal intrusion. The basis of aviation security is a complex of organizational and legal, financial, technical and scientific-methodological measures that ensure the organization of civil security in the aviation at all its levels.
Виникнення авіації як видатної, незалежної транспортної галузі відбулося у двадцятих роках ХХ століття. Однак у другій половині ХХ століття мережа міжнародних повітряних маршрутів охопила майже всі країни світу. Операції на сучасному повітряному транспорті характеризуються масовістю (кількістю транспортних одиниць та обсягами), ритмічністю (частота одиниць руху) та достатньою складністю. У зв'язку з цим існує потреба у суворому правовому механізмі здійснення повітряних перевезень, фіксації обов'язків та прав учасників транспортного процесу та, що найголовніше, забезпечення надійного рівня безпеки. Авіаційна безпека як науковий напрямок є відносно новим аспектом наукової діяльності. Авіаційна безпека - це стан захисту сектору цивільної авіації від загроз зовнішніх факторів, пов’язаних з виконанням актів незаконного вторгнення. Основою авіаційної безпеки є комплекс організаційно-правових, фінансових, технічних та науково-методологічних заходів, що забезпечують організацію цивільної безпеки в авіації на всіх її рівнях.
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Vougioukas, Dimitrios. "Le secteur de l’aviation et les règles de concurrence de l’Union européenne : étude des comportements et des rapprochements d’entreprises." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30011.
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L’application des règles de concurrence de l’Union européenne au secteur de l’aviation présente un caractère spécial. Les rapprochements des compagnies aériennes sous formes d’alliances ou concentrations sont à première vue indispensables, afin de garantir leur viabilité et mieux desservir les besoins des voyageurs. La pression concurrentielle exercée par les différents moyens de transports et la globalisation des échanges conduisent vers cette voie. Or, la consolidation du marché aérien peut avoir des conséquences néfastes au détriment des consommateurs. Structure oligopolistique, organisation des gros opérateurs en réseaux (hub-and-spoke system), insuffisance des infrastructures, coûts énormes d’exploitation ainsi que protectionnisme au niveau international, constituent des barrières considérables à l’entrée de nouveaux concurrents et peuvent conduire à des pratiques abusives. La transparence tarifaire et les accords de coopération peuvent favoriser les cartels entre transporteurs aériens. La Commission évalue la position des parties et les risques à la concurrence sur des liaisons déterminées (paires de villes). Cette méthode de délimitation du marché pertinent au transport aérien suscite une polémique de la part notamment des compagnies aériennes qui soutiennent une approche fondée sur la concurrence entre réseaux. Ce débat, montre l’évolution du secteur de l’aviation et la nécessité de prendre toujours en compte les nouvelles données. Le maintien d’une concurrence efficace au secteur de l’aviation n’est pas un objectif en soi, mais un instrument de la politique européenne pour la création du « ciel unique européen ». L’intervention des autorités de l’Union européenne au secteur de l’aviation ne se limite pas à une application rigoureuse des règles de concurrence mais vise à éliminer préalablement les phénomènes anticoncurrentiels par l’adoption d’un cadre législatifThe application of European Union’s competition rules to the aviation sector presents a special character. The rapprochement of air companies either by the formation of alliances or mergers seem to be necessary. Indeed, it can guarantee the existence of a company as well as it serves the needs of travellers. The competitive pressure exercised by the different existing means of transportation and the globalisation of exchanges lead to this behaviour. But this consolidation of the air market can have harmful consequences for consumers. Oligopolistic structures, the hub-and-spoke system, insufficiency of infrastructures, enormous costs of exploitation along with protectionism at an international level, constitute considerable barriers for new competitors and could lead to abusive practices. Tariff transparency and cooperative agreements can furtherer cartels in between air transporters. The Commission assesses the position of the parties and competitive risks on specific routes (city pairs). This method of delimitation of the market for air transport has created a polemic, especially from the airline companies supporting an approach based on competition between networks. This debate shows the evolution of the aviation sector and the necessity of always taking into consideration new data. The upholding of an efficient competition system within the aviation sector is not an objective in itself, but means of European politic for the creation of a “Single European Sky”. The intervention of European authorities within the aviation sector is not limited to a rigorous application of competition rules but aims first at eliminating anticompetitive phenomenon by adopting a legislative framework
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Trigeaud, Béatrice. "Les règles techniques dérivées de l'Organisation de l'aviation civile internationale et de l'Organisation maritime internationale." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020048/document.
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Pour réglementer les activités de navigation civile internationale, aérienne et maritime, les États ont choisi d’agir au moyen de deux institutions spécialisées du système des Nations Unies. L’Organisation de l’aviation civile internationale (OACI) et l’Organisation maritime internationale (OMI) ont été investies du pouvoir de superviser l’élaboration de règles techniques applicables à ces matières. De façon générale, les règles adoptées par ces Organisations doivent, pour prendre effet, être acceptées par les États, sous diverses formes (tacites ou expresses, collectives, voire individuelles). Leur application est tributaire d’actes unilatéraux des États, qui agissent parfois collectivement, étant souvent amiablement contrôlés par l’OACI ou l’OMI. Derrière une apparente clarté, se dissimulent des zones d’ombre. Outre, la situation des tiers et des personnes privées, et les rapports entre l’ordre international et les ordres juridiques étatiques, la nature de ces institutions normatives interroge. Y voir des autorités normatives agissant sur le fondement de pouvoirs constitués serait, en effet, ignorer le jeu incessant de la volonté des États, qui, partout là où il étire les pouvoirs de l’institution, montre l’irréductible liberté contractuelle et constituante de ces mêmes États. Le degré de centralisation de ces systèmes s’effacerait sous le constat que leur effectivité repose sur la volonté même de leurs sujets, plus ou moins tenue par des nécessités techniques, ce qui n’est pas sans conséquences pratiquesIn order to regulate the international civil navigation (air and maritime), the States have chosen to act through two specialized United Nations agencies. Hence they confered the International Civil Aviaton Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) the power to oversee the elaboration of technical rules relevant to this field. In general, the rules adopted by these organizations require various forms of States acceptance to be effective (i.e. express or implied, collective or individual forms). Their implementation depends on unilateral acts of States, that can sometimes act sometimes collectively. And the States are often amicably controlled by the ICAO or the IMO. Behind the apparent clarity, lay some gray areas. Beyond the situation of third and private individuals, and the relationship between international order and national legal systems, one can wonder about the nature of these normative institutions. These could be perceived as normative authorities acting on the basis of an established power. However, this interpretation would ignore the incessant game of States’ will. Whenever the will of the States stretches the power of the institution, the irreducible constituent and contractual freedom of the States appears. The degree of centralization of these systems would be blurred by the observation that their effectiveness depends on the willingness itself of their subjects, which is more or less held by technical necessities, and that would not be without practical consequences
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Anyim, Iheanyi Micheal. "Civil aviation authority of Nigeria." Thesis, National aviation university, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52789.
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1. Access mode: https://ncaa.gov.ng/#:~:text=About%20NCAA-,Nigerian%20Civil%20Aviation%20Authority%20is%20the%20regulatory%20body%20for%20aviation,the%20Federal%20Republic%20of%20Nigeria.
2. Access mode:
https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/News%20Doc%202013/CV%20of%20Dr.%20Olumuyiwa%20Benard%20Aliu%20of%20Nigeria.pdfNigeria is located in the western part of Africa with over 209 million people, having 36 states with 524 native languages, with English being the Official language. Now talking about Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) was established in 1999 but was passed into Law in 2006 by the Nation Assembly and was approval by the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria the same year.
Нігерія розташована в західній частині Африки, в якій проживає понад 209 мільйонів чоловік, у штаті 36 штатів з 524 рідними мовами, офіційною мовою є англійська. Зараз мова йде про Управління цивільної авіації Нігерії (NCAA), яке було створено в 1999 році, але було прийнято в Законі в 2006 році Національною Асамблеєю та затверджено Президентом Федеративної Республіки Нігерія того ж року.
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Jeremic, Zorica. "Dispute resolution in international civil aviation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29829.pdf.
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Jeremic, Zorica. "Dispute resolution in international civil aviation." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27454.
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The aviation industry, by its very existence, has a tremendous impact on the global economy. As an integration of economic interests and international prestige, aviation triggers a large number of disputes and disagreements. This dissertation examines the regulatory aspects of international air transport disputes.Chapter one acknowledges the existence and nature of international aviation disputes in its scope and, more importantly, recognizes some of the many causes of conflicts arising from such disputes.
The second chapter reviews chronologically dispute resolution attempts and analyses their effectiveness. Further, it examines the international bodies, governing treaties, and the available machinery for the resolution of aviation disputes.
The third chapter distinguishes the most influential multilateral and bilateral treaties in the field of aeronautics and presents the solutions for settlement of disputes promoted by ICAO.
Chapter four includes the variety of procedures found in international agreements on aviation and the examination of political, legal and economic means as the mechanisms for the settlement of disputes.
Chapter five establishes the recent proposals for the improvement of the current procedures governing the settlement of aviation disputes. Hence, it includes an analysis of the legislative measures of the European Union, the regulations of the World Trade Organization and the norms of North American Free Trade Agreement; all in view of their competence in resolving air transport conflicts.
The conclusion is a summary of the structure and the function of the existing aeronautical dispute settlement system and its future developments.
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Said, Elashiq Saad. "The arab civil aviation council ACAC /." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61742.
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Grimley, Paul M. "Indicators of sustainable development in civil aviation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/2755.
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Civil aviation provides for large scale, rapid, safe and reliable transport over long distances. In the last half of the 20th century, the reliability of air transport has increased, safety has improved and costs have reduced: the volume of civil aviation has greatly increased and demand continues to rise. The social and economic benefits arising from aviation are substantial while its environmental costs are significant and increasing: with current technologies aviation is considered to be essentially unsustainable. Sustainable development as a concept, arose in the latter part of the 20th century. It may be regarded as a journey of changes through time, a journey navigating a wide range of changes in technology and behaviour thought to be needed to move towards a better level of sustainability. There is a need to apply the principles of sustainable development to the practice of the civil aviation industry. The research on which this thesis is based draws on sustainable development literature, general systems theory and quality principles to derive a holistic and systemic sustainable development model, and a methodology for deriving indicators of sustainable development. These are then applied to the civil aviation system, to select and construct indicators of sustainable development in civil aviation. The indicator selection process is participative, and seeks the views of stakeholders of UK civil aviation. Stakeholders are asked, via a Delphi study, to give their views on the meaning of sustainable aviation, and on the most important aspects of sustainable development in civil aviation. The research proposes a set of 29 indicators for sustainable development in civil aviation, including institutional and regulatory indicators. The research findings suggest that, amongst UK civil aviation stakeholders, there is some consensus on the important sustainability issues facing civil aviation, and on their choice of indicators. There is little understanding of the meaning of sustainable aviation, and disagreement on policies to adopt in favour of sustainable development in aviation. Amongst stakeholders from civil aviation organisations, there is strong opposition to regulatory or economic policies in favour of sustainable development. While the safety of civil aviation is institutionalised, there is evidence to suggest that opposition to other aspects of sustainable development is embedded in the regulatory and operational organisations of civil aviation in the UK.
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Wohletz, Jerry M. (Jerry Matthew) 1971. "Retrofit systems for reconfiguration in civil aviation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9264.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-223).
A new concept for retrofitting a reconfiguration module to an existing control law is reported in this thesis. The concept is motivated by the need for low cost, add-on modules that improve air safety in the existing fleet of civil air transport vehicles. A direct adaptive approach that accommodates control surface nonlinearities is adopted, which uses a slowly adapting model of the closed-loop aircraft as the reference model. The motivation, benefits, and components of the architecture are presented. In addition, the issues of control surface magnitude and rate saturation are addressed. A proof of stability is outlined for input-error adaptation when position and rate saturation are present. The reconfiguration architecture is demonstrated using an F/A-18 and a generic transport nonlinear simulator. General issues associated with commercial transport reconfiguration are highlighted. In both the longitudinal and directional axes, the control surfaces are not well balanced from a reconfiguration viewpoint. As a result, a novel reconfiguration control allocation scheme was devised that blends in all the control effectors in a given axis to perform the reconfiguration task. The simulation results revealed that the reconfiguration architecture does provide reconfiguration functionality for a wide variety of control surface failures. The reconfiguration potential is illustrated through comparisons of post-failure performance with and without reconfiguration via non-linear simulations. Additionally, comparisons between post-failure performance and nominal performance are made through non-linear simulations, closed-loop frequency responses, and aircraft handling qualities. For all of the failure scenarios illustrated, the simulation results showed that the aircraft without reconfiguration departs; with reconfiguration, nominal performance is achieve provided that adequate control authority exists post-failure.
by Jerry M. Wohletz.
Ph.D.
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Balasubramaniam, Usha. "Passengers' protection and rights in international civil aviation." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112598.
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Air transport is of critical importance to move passengers and cargo from one place to another on a global scale. Subsistence, sustenance, growth and profitability of the air transport industry are dependent on the demand for transport from passengers and cargo as the main sources of revenue of the airline industry. The forces of globalization and liberalization, coupled with the very rapid development of low-cost operators, have tempered the growth and profitability of the aviation industry whilst, at the same time, greatly increasing the consumer (passenger and air freight user) advantages in terms of expanding the gamut of their choices, better quality and lower prices. The ever-expanding markets in the Asia and Pacific region hold great promise for a rapid growth of the aviation industry in years to come.Currently, the international civil aviation community is faced with many challenges evolving from globalization, liberalization of economic regulations, privatization of airlines and airports, commercialization of government services providers, increasing environmental controls, and the emerge of new technologies. To deal effectively with these challenges and issues will require a high level of cooperation among civil aviation authorities, airlines, airports, and providers of air services and products. Airlines under the new free trade regimes have been exposed to many changes and although GATS has an important role to play in this important field, the convergence of economic, safety, security and environmental issues makes a strong case for keeping regulation in these critical issues under the ICAO aviation umbrella.
As air transport experiences structural, policy and regulatory environment changes, in the era of free trade it would be interesting to critically examine the impact of the aforementioned changes on the rights and protection of passengers. In this relation, it becomes very important to review the international, regional, and national efforts which have been made to enhance consumer protection and also have an important bearing on the rights of airline passengers. The thesis also addresses some emerging, non-traditional consumer protection issues, such as health, racial discrimination and the rights of disabled passengers.
In view of the above, the well-developed consumer protection regimes in the United States and the European Union (EU) would be examined in depth and the results of its analysis would be used to develop a suitable model airline passenger protection in the rapidly expending economies of the Asia and Pacific Region.
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Jalali, Javad. "The impact of sanctions upon civil aviation safety." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104746.
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Located between diplomacy and military action on a scale of intervention, economic sanctions are assumed to be an effective tool to influence global politics. However, assessments of the success of economic sanctions generally indicate that, in most cases, they fail to bring about the desired outcome. Rather, economic sanctions usually hit the wrong targets with innocent civilians often paying the price instead of the ruling elites and their collaborators. Among sectors targeted by economic sanctions, measures taken against civil aviation may place people, airlines, and cities inside and outside the sanctioned country at risk, and consequently may have ramifications on a global basis. In other words, the coercive embargo of sales of commercial aircraft and parts against a target State constitutes a danger to public safety not only to the territory and citizens of that State, but also to other States over which the target State's aircraft fly, including, in some instances, sanctioning States. Hence, the implications for civil aviation safety must be seen as a matter of global concern.From different views and perspectives, this thesis reviews the rationales, objectives and outcomes of the employment of economic sanctions, and will specifically study the consequences of sanctions against civil aviation. However, the overarching objective of this thesis is to examine the legitimacy and subsequent effect, within the normative system of international law, of the imposition of safety-threatening sanctions against international civil aviation, a unique sector which by its very definition crosses State borders.Sur l'échelle des interventions, à mi-chemin entre diplomatie et action militaire, les sanctions économiques peuvent être un outil efficace pour influencer la politique internationale. Cependant, les évaluations du succès des sanctions économiques montrent que, dans la plupart des cas, elles ne parviennent pas à atteindre le but souhaité. Au contraire, les sanctions économiques affectent généralement les mauvaises cibles; les civils innocents payent souvent le prix, à la place des dirigeants et de leurs collaborateurs. Parmi les secteurs visés par les sanctions économiques, les mesures prises à l'encontre de l'aviation civile peuvent représenter un risque, pour les personnes, lignes aériennes et villes, à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur du pays sanctionné, et ainsi avoir des ramifications au plan international. En d'autres termes, l'embargo coercitif sur les ventes d'aéronefs et de pièces détachées, à l'encontre d'un État déterminé, constitue un danger en matière de sécurité publique, non seulement sur le territoire et pour les citoyens de cet État, mais également pour les autres États au dessus desquels les aéronefs de l'État ciblé volent, y compris dans certains cas, les États à l'initiative des sanctions. C'est pour cette raison, que les conséquences pour la sécurité de l'aviation civile, doivent être envisagées de manière globale.Par divers angles et perspectives, ce mémoire étudiera les raisonnements, objectifs et résultats, de l'usage des sanctions économiques, et plus précisément, les conséquences de ces sanctions sur l'aviation civile. Toutefois, l'objectif ultime de cette étude est d'examiner la légitimité et les effets substantiels – dans le cadre du système normatif du droit international – de l'imposition de sanctions menaçant la sécurité de l'aviation civile internationale, un secteur unique, qui de par son caractère intrinsèque, dépasse les frontières des États.
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Kaliman. "ELECTRIC AIRPLANE IS THE FUTURE OF CIVIL AVIATION." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33746.
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Ostapchuk. "METHODS FOR REDUCING COSTS FOR CIVIL AVIATION FLIGHT." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33880.
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Simon, Pascal. "Détection robuste et précoce des pannes oscillatoires dans les systèmes de commandes de vol." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14377/document.
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Le travail de recherche effectué dans cette thèse a été réalisé dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE entre le laboratoire IMS de l'université Bordeaux 1 et la société Airbus Operations S.A.S. Cette thèse traite de la détection robuste et précoce des pannes oscillatoires de faible amplitude dans les systèmes de commandes de vol électriques. Une panne oscillatoire est une oscillation anormale d'une surface de contrôle due à un dysfonctionnement dans la chaîne d'asservissement de la servocommande d'une gouverne. Les pannes oscillatoires ont une influence sur la structure, l'aéroélasticité et la pilotabilité de l'avion, lorsqu'ils sont situés dans la bande passante de l'actionneur. La capacité à détecter ces pannes est très importante car elles ont un impact sur la conception structurale de l'avion. Au plan méthodologique, nous nous sommes focalisés sur l'estimation adaptative des paramètres et de l'état à base d'une technique de filtrage non linéaire local. Le mécanisme de filtrage opère sur un modèle non linaire de la chaine de contrôle-commande de l’actionneur hydraulique en amont des surfaces de contrôle. L'algorithme d'estimation est basé sur une interpolation polynomiale d'opérateurs linéaire, et offre l'avantage d'une implémentation relativement aisée. Un problème crucial et sous-jacent est la détermination des hyper-paramètres de réglage de cet algorithme. Nous avons proposé une démarche hors-ligne dédiée, en intégrant un critère de sensibilité vis-à-vis des pannes que nous devons détecter. La technique proposée a été implémentée et testée: les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur banc essai et sur un simulateur A380 ont clairement mis en évidence l'apport de la nouvelle approche en termes de performances, tout en gardant le même niveau de robustesseThe research work done in this PhD has been caried out in the frame of an industrial convention (CIFRE) between the IMS laboratory and Airbus Operations S.A.S. The thesis deals with robust and early detection of oscillatory failures (OFC: Oscillatory Failure Case) in the Electrical Flight Control System. An oscillatory failure is an abnormal oscillation of a control surface due to component malfunction in control surface servoloops. OFCs have an influence on structural loads, aeroelasticity and controllability when located within the actuator bandwidth. The ability to detect these failures is very important because they have an impact on the structural design of the aircraft. Usual monitoring techniques cannot always guarantee to remain within an envelope with acceptable robustness. In this work, we develop a model based strategy to detect such failures with small amplitude at a very early stage. The monitoring strategy is based on dedicated non linear local filtering for on-line joint parameter/state estimation, allowing for model parameter variations during A/C flight. This strategy is associated with the same decision making rules as currently used for in-service Airbus A380. We propose a method for adjusting the tuning parameters so that various design goals and trades-off can be easily formulated and managed. The performance of the proposed fault detection scheme is measured by its detection delay, its propensity to issue false alarms and whether it permits a failure to go undetected. The proposed technique has been implemented and tested with success on Airbus test facilities including an A380 flight simulator
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Lycos, Paul. "Technology and civil aviation: How popular attitudes and government policies shaped civil aviation and the air cargo industry from the early years of aviation through the jet age." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95179.
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As popular attitudes surrounding the place of a particular type of technology evolve, they spark advances and innovation as the technology grows in acceptance and use. This, in turn, attracts the attention of government interests. Agreeing on the technology's usefulness and rightful place in advancing the nation's welfare, government policies and regulation seek to encourage its optimum growth and reduce any perceived negative knock-on effects. These external forces influence the direction that technological innovation takes in a given space. Concurrently, the byproduct of such external forces is an adapting technology which itself exerts its due level of influence in the next wave of popular attitudes and government policies concerning it. The relationship between civil aviation and air cargo operations in the United States and the popular attitudes and government policies surrounding this space is one example of such a phenomenon. More specifically, that the prevailing level of civil aviation technology from 1903 to 1955 was a function of: (1) prevailing popular attitudes and (2) government policies (e.g. domestic U.S. and foreign government policies)themselves influenced by the technological advances in the field. Rather than offer an exhaustive account of the forces shaping civil aviation, this thesis offers a thoughtful analysis of the context in which aviation technology developed in the United States in order to better understand the interplay between these forces and the technological advances they inspired. This work traces the development of popular attitudes from a variety of perspectives, U.S. legislative efforts (e.g. Air Mail Act of 1925, Air Commerce Act of 1926, Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938), and international law (e.g. Warsaw Convention of 1929, Hague Protocol of 1955) as they relate to the advances made in civil aviation and air cargo. This is buttressed by a survey of selected technological changes over this period. Finally, the thesis concAu fur et a mesure que les attitudes populaires entourant un certain type de technologie évoluent et que cette industrie croit and approbation et utilisation, elles provoquent des étincelles de progrès et d'innovation dans ce secteur. Ceci, à son tour, attire l'attention des intérêts du gouvernement. Constatant l'utilité de cette technologie et de sa place légitime dans l'avancement du bien-être de la nation, les politiques et réglementations gouvernementales visent à stimuler sa croissance optimale et a réduire la perception négative de tout effet secondaire. Ces forces externes influencent la direction que prend l'innovation technologique dans un espace donné. Parallèlement, le sous-produit de telles forces est une technologie qui s'adapte et déploie son dû niveau d'influence dans la future vague d'attitudes populaires àvenir et les politiques gouvernementales le concernant. La relation entre l'aviation civile, les opérations de fret aérien aux Etats-Unis et les attitudes populaires jointes aux politiques gouvernementales encadrant cet espace est un exemple d'un tel phénomène. Plus précisément, que le niveau dominant la technologie de l'aviation civile de 1903 à 1955 a été une fonction : (1) des attitudes populaires dominantes et (2) des politiques gouvernementales (par exemple politiques nationales des États-Unis et politiques gouvernementales internationales) -elles mêmes influencées par les progrès technologiques dans ce domaine. Plutôt que d'offrir un compte rendu exhaustif des forces qui façonnent l'aviation civile, cette thèse propose une analyse approfondie du contexte dans lequel la technologie s'est développée dans l'aviation des États-Unis afin de mieux comprendre l'interaction entre ces forces et les avancées technologiques qu'elles ont inspiré. Cet ouvrage retrace l'évolution des attitudes populaires à partir d'une variété de perspectives, les efforts de la législation américaine (p.e. Air Mail Act$
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Poget, Gaël. "Legal aspects of facilitation in civil aviation : health issues." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81228.
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As you probably know, to board the B777-300ERi in Geneva for Anchorage via London, is not just that simple. With your ticket you bought several days before, you come to the airport, check in, pay airport's fees, go through the customs and security checks, walk in the terminal following signs, maybe you stop in the duty free shops, and finally find your gate. By this time, you are ready to board, about one hour after you enter the airport.We will be essentially interested in air law that is why, the purpose of this master's thesis is to consider the legal aspect of facilitation in civil aviation. The term facilitation refers to the process that passengers, crew, luggage, cargo and mail have to go through when they cross borders to fly from a point A to a point B.
Recently, an aspect of facilitation took an outstanding importance: health issues. At the end of last year, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak was a real threat to international civil aviation because passengers (and crews) could have been exposed to an infected person inside the terminal or on board the plane, also, aircrafts were considered a fast vector of this disease through the world. The economic consequences for airlines and airports were very painful.
iBoeing 777-300 Extended Range.
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Rodriguez, Pérez Beatriz Helena. "International civil aviation and discretionary powers of aeronautical authorities." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64006.
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Brisson, Julie. "Civil aviation safety in Russia: the state of compliance." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104674.
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Considering that civil aviation safety is one of the most important elements in all aviation-related activities, this thesis presents the state of compliance of aviation safety in the Russian Federation. In the former Soviet Union, the authorities made sure that the rest of the world knew that its territory was impenetrable. In the 1980s, their attack on the civilian flight KE 007 of the Korean Airlines, which lead to the crash of the aircraft and the death of innocent civilian passengers, demonstrated that when it came to guarding their territory, they showed little concern for the lives of innocent civilians. The first chapter focuses on how the Russian Federation managed the necessary transition from the Soviet-era system to a modernized aviation system with the objective of ensuring aviation safety. The second chapter presents the development of the ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme since the 1990s and details the compliance of Russian air law with international standards and recommended practices related to aviation safety. The last chapter highlights the necessity for the European Union and Russia to have working arrangements to conduct safety assessments of foreign aircraft to ensure aviation safety. This chapter also highlights the advantages of concluding comprehensive air transport agreements between them to harmonize their aviation relations and to solve pending issues, such as improving market opportunities for both sides, compliance with Community law by including an EU Community carrier clauses in bilateral agreements with Russia, and implementation of a phase-out of trans-Siberian overflight payments.Considering that civil aviation safety is one of the most important elements in all aviation-related activities, this thesis presents the state of compliance of aviation safety in the Russian Federation. In the former Soviet Union, the authorities made sure that the rest of the world knew that its territory was impenetrable. In the 1980s, their attack on the civilian flight KE 007 of the Korean Airlines, which lead to the crash of the aircraft and the death of innocent civilian passengers, demonstrated that when it came to guarding their territory, they showed little concern for the lives of innocent civilians. The first chapter focuses on how the Russian Federation managed the necessary transition from the Soviet-era system to a modernized aviation system with the objective of ensuring aviation safety. The second chapter presents the development of the ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme since the 1990s and details the compliance of Russian air law with international standards and recommended practices related to aviation safety. The last chapter highlights the necessity for the European Union and Russia to have working arrangements to conduct safety assessments of foreign aircraft to ensure aviation safety. This chapter also highlights the advantages of concluding comprehensive air transport agreements between them to harmonize their aviation relations and to solve pending issues, such as improving market opportunities for both sides, compliance with Community law by including an EU Community carrier clauses in bilateral agreements with Russia, and implementation of a phase-out of trans-Siberian overflight payments.
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Piyathilake, Darshi. "The role of airports in national civil aviation policies." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12383.
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The concept of a hub airport has evolved widening its scope as a national civil aviation policy-making tool, due to the ability to deliver wider socio-economic benefits to a country. However, not all airports can be converted into hubs. This research proposes a methodological approach to structural analysis of the airport industry, that could be applied to determine the competitive position of an airport in a given aviation network and devise airport strategies and national policy measures to improve the current position of the airport. This study presents a twelve-group taxonomy of airports, which analyses the changing geography of the airport industry in the East (Asia and The Middle East). Multivariate data have been used in a two-step Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering exercise which represents three airport strategies: namely, degree-of-airport-activity (size and intensity of operations), network strategies (international and domestic hub), and the market segmentation strategies (service and destination orientation). Principal Component Analysis has been utilised as a data reduction tool. The study confirms the general hypothesis that a sound macro environment and liberalised approach to economic regulation in the air transport industry are important for successful hub operations. In addition, it sheds light on the fact that while the factors of geographical advantage, economic development, urbanisation, tourism and business attractiveness, physical and intellectual infrastructure, and political and administrative frameworks, are all basic prerequisites (qualifiers) for successful hubbing in the region, those factors would not necessarily guarantee a hub status unless the governments are also committed to develop the sector and take timely decisions (differentiators) to allow airports to benefit from the first mover advantage. Application of the proposed taxonomy was tested on a case study of the major international airport of Sri Lanka, to provide policy inputs to develop the airport that is currently identified as being overshadowed by the mega hubs in the region.
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Jarumai, Cyril Joshua. "Some aspect of civil aviation policy in the UK." Thesis, Вектор, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/45732.
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Nowadays, civil aviation faces new challenges of the global transformational context under the fight against COVID -2019. In such conditions the question of an efficient aviation policy is always relevant.
In the age of modern globalisation, the demand for high -quality, fast and reliable transportation has been consistently increased. Such selective application could only be materialised by air traffic
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Brigman, Nicholas (Nicholas Allen). "Structural health monitoring in commercial aviation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73846.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-90).
The number of aging commercial aircraft in service is steadily increasing as airlines continue to extend the life of their aircraft. Aging aircraft are more susceptible to fatigue and corrosion and require more frequent and intensive inspections and maintenance, which is a financial drain on operators. One way to improve the economics and safety of commercial aircraft is through implementation of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system. An ideal SHM would be able to give be capable of indicating damage type, location, severity, and estimate the remaining life of the structure while the structure is in use. This paper is an overview of how SHM can be applied in commercial aviation including discussion of requirements, implementation, challenges, and introducing several possible SHM systems. The SHM systems introduced in this paper are: vibration based monitoring, fiber optic sensors, and high frequency wave propagation techniques including acoustic emission, ultrasonic, Lamb waves, piezoelectric and MEMS actuator/sensors. The limitations and challenges inhibiting introduction of SHM to industry and recommendations for the future are also discussed.
by Nicholas Brigman.
M.Eng.
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Nyampong, Yaw Otu Mankata. "The regulation of aircraft engine emissions from international civil aviation /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82666.
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Aircraft engine emissions from civil aviation cause several adverse effects to the atmospheric environment. These emissions are among the known major contributors to changes in atmospheric chemistry and global climate change. One way in which the international community has responded to the problem has been the adoption of several international treaties, generally dealing with subjects such as protection of the ozone layer, long-range transboundary air pollution, and global climate change.The other way in which the problem has been dealt with is the adoption of an industry-specific international regulatory regime for controlling aircraft engine emissions from civil aviation. In this regard, the international community has, through the law making functions of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), adopted the mechanism of Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) to establish a regulatory framework aimed at reducing environmentally harmful engine emissions. These SARPs, though international in nature, are to be implemented at the national level by the member states of ICAO.
This thesis provides a review of current understanding of the effects of aircraft engine emissions on the atmospheric environment and an analysis of the international responses to the problem. In particular, it focuses on the industry-specific regime adopted by ICAO and considers whether it is an effective tool for achieving a balance between the safe and orderly development of civil aviation and the human environment.
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M, Olkhovik, and Kononenko A. "Use of artificsal intelligence in the field of civil aviation." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53307.
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In the modern world, it is difficult to imagine our lives without the use of Internet technologies and artificial intelligence. We have become accustomed to making life easier and more enjoyable in almost all areas, especially in civil aviation. Іt can be noted that the list of technologies already implemented is quite large and those that are currently being processed are even more extensive. Of course, some of them may not prove their feasibility and effectiveness, but most of them will also improve the services of air carriers and the level of safety.У сучасному світі важко уявити наше життя без використання інтернет-технологій та штучного інтелекту. Ми звикли робити життя легшим і приємнішим майже в усіх сферах, особливо в цивільній авіації. Можна відзначити, що перелік вже впроваджених технологій досить великий, а ті, які зараз опрацьовуються, ще більший. Звичайно, деякі з них можуть не довести свою доцільність та ефективність, але більшість з них також покращать послуги авіаперевізників та рівень безпеки.
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Deus, Delfim de 1942. "Civil aviation in SADCC countries : a new type of co-operation?" Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61244.
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The 1st of April, 1980 is a landmark date for the peoples of Southern Africa, for the SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COORDINATION CONFERENCE--SADCC--came into being on that day in Lusaka. At first sight, SADCC would seem to be an organization like others scattered all over the African continent and aiming at common development. However, although it can be compared with others in terms of objectives and organisation, new elements have emerged since its inception: modest short-term objectives, and ambitious long-term ones; a light organizational structure, and a commitment of the Governments involved to achieve the goals.One can ask what the trends in Civil Aviation are, given this background. This thesis presents a study not with the aim to fully respond to the question above, but to identify the path followed by Civil Aviation as a component of the integrated development sought by SADCC countries. For this purpose, special attention will be paid to the SOUTHERN AFRICA TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION--SATCC.
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Litrico, Jean-Baptiste. "The diffusion and evolution of environmental management concepts in civil aviation." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96838.
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This thesis expands current understanding of the process through which new management concepts diffuse in organizational fields. The thesis examines how environmental management concepts have diffused in civil aviation, an industry which has evolved from a praised icon of globalization to a targeted symbol of climate change over the last decade.In the first phase of the study, qualitative data were gathered through participation at industry conferences and events, supplemented by 35 semi-structured interviews with informants representing diverse actors in the field of civil aviation. This fieldwork was used to generate theory on the process through which the concept of sustainability is being interpreted and adopted within this industry. The second phase of the study is a systematic analysis of archival data from a trade publication over the time period 2000-2008. Structured content analysis methods were employed to track evolution in the framing of environmental management issues at the level of the industry. The study expands current understandings of diffusion by (a) describing a process of naturalization, through which a new concept is being interpreted and an industry-level ethos is being reaffirmed; and (b) specifying some conditions leading to divergent diffusion, characterized as a situation in which multiple understandings of a management concept continue to coexist throughout diffusion. The study thus contributes to current institutional theories on management concept diffusion through a process perspective describing the interpretive mechanisms underlying diffusion and through conceptualization of the conditions and attributes of divergent diffusion.Cette thèse contribue à une meilleure compréhension du processus par lequel les nouveaux concepts de gestion se propagent dans les champs organisationnels. La thèse examine la diffusion des concepts de management environnemental au sein de l'aviation civile, une industrie qui était l'icône de la mondialisation il y a une dizaine d'années, et qui est devenue la cible d'activistes et un symbole du changement climatique aujourd'hui. Dans la première phase de l'étude, des données qualitatives ont été recueillies par une observation participante dans des conférences et des évènements organisés par l'industrie, puis par 35 entrevues individuelles avec des informateurs représentant divers acteurs stratégiques dans le champ de l'aviation civile. Ce travail de terrain a été utilisé pour générer une théorie du processus d'interprétation et d'adoption du concept de développement durable au sein de cette industrie. La seconde phase de l'étude est une analyse systématique de données d'archives provenant d'un journal spécialisé, sur la période 2000-2008. Des méthodes d'analyse de contenu ont été utilisées pour retracer l'évolution des termes employés pour décrire et « cadrer » les problèmes environnementaux au niveau de l'industrie. L'étude contribue aux théories actuelles de diffusion, (a) en décrivant le processus de naturalisation, par lequel le nouveau concept est interprété, et un ethos de l'industrie est réaffirmé; et (b) en spécifiant quelles conditions mènent à une diffusion divergente, caractérisée par une situation dans laquelle de multiples compréhensions d'un même concept de gestion continuent à coexister tout au long de sa diffusion. L'étude contribue ainsi aux théories institutionnelles sur la diffusion des concepts de gestion en proposant une perspective centrée sur le processus, décrivant les mécanismes interprétatifs qui sous-tendent la diffusion, et en conceptualisant les conditions et les attributs d'une diffusion divergente.
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Alotaibi, Abdullah Dhawi. "Civil aviation policy and privatisation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/4256.
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The study examines the extent to which the liberalisation and privatisation of the Saudi Arabian civil aviation sector achieved the claimed benefits of transforming public utilities into private ownership. At the theoretical level, it explored the nature of privatisation, and its relationship with wider reform policies and modernisation paradigms, as an approach for reforming public sector organisations. Empirically it examined the civil aviation sector in Saudi Arabia as its main case study, comparing it with the British Airways and Kenya Airways privatisations, and providing an overview of civil aviation liberalisation and privatisation processes in the Gulf region. Qualitative data collection methods were used, including personal interviews and official documents, and a broad meaning of privatisation was adopted as more suited to the Saudi case. An in-depth analysis of the interview material and data relating to the process of Saudi Arabia’s civil aviation privatisation and liberalisation, helped identify present successes as well as major issues and problems facing the sector. Despite considerable market potential, unfair competition and other bureaucratic restrictions and obstacles could still have negative consequences for newly-established private companies. Certain issues concerning the requirement for more private participation and more competition among operators and service providers need to be solved, while policy makers and regulators must take many important and crucial decisions to meet expectations and customer demands. All players in the Saudi civil aviation market should be treated equally and a sound regulatory framework, along with objective monitoring, needs to be established to support fair competition among the airlines and other private operators Unless the situation changes, many opportunities for success in the Saudi market for civil aviation might be lost. However, further success is expected to be achieved with the eventual full privatisation of Saudi Arabian Airlines and the complete liberalisation of the civil aviation sector. Key words: civil aviation privatisation, civil aviation regulation, civil aviation in Saudi Arabia.
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Rykov, Oleksandr, and Олександр Олександрович Риков. "Polymotivation as a Phenomenon of Professional Activity of Civil Aviation Pilots." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52228.
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1. Ymedadze, Y. V. Problema polymotyvatsyy povedenyia [The problem of behavior polymotivation] / Y. V. Ymedadze // Voprosy psykholohyy, № 6, 87–94 (1984).
2. Ponomarev, Y. P. Motyvatsyia rabotoi v orhanyzatsyy [Motivation by work in the organization] / Y. P. Ponomarev, Moskva: LKY, 224 (2007).
3. Pomytkina, L. V., Pomytkin, E.A. Psykholohiia pratsi i vidpochynku: pidruchnyk [dlia stud. vyshch. navch. zakl.] [Psychology of work and rest: a textbook]. Kyiv: TOV «Alfa-PK», 322 (2019).
4. Furman, O. Ye. Polimotyvatsiia – sponukalnyi parametr innovatsiinopsykholohichnoho klimatu [Polymotivation - a motivating parameter innovation and psychological climate]. Scientific Journal «ScienceRise» №6/1б (11), 2015. DOI: 10.15587/2313-8416.2015.45049
5. L. Pomytkina, A. Gudmanian, O. Kovtun, S. Yahodzinskyi. Personal hoice: strategic life decision-making and conscience, E3S Web of Conferences, Vol.164, 10021 (2020) SCOPUS https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016410021
6. О. Khokhlina, O. Lych, S. Gorbenko, A. Kazak. Psychological determinacy of communication styles of aviation industry students IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 918 (2020) 012175 SCOPUS IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/918/1/012175 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/918/1/012175/pdfAs is known, among many domestic psychologists there was a widespread view that human activity and behavior are due to many motives at the same time (L.I. Bozhovich, V.K. Vilyunas, I.V. Imedadze, V.I. Kovalev, A.N. Leontiev, V.F. Petrenko, M.M. Filipov, etc.). Similarly, in Western psychology, the emphasis is mainly on the simultaneous conditioning of behavior and activity by many goals or personal dispositions (J. Atkinson, J. O. Raynor, X. Heckhausen, etc.). Thus, scientists ponder, in fact, about the phenomenon of polymotivation because the motive is understood too narrowly: as a need, or as a goal, or as one of the motivators.
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Lokesh, Kadambari. "Techno-economic environmental risk analysis of advanced biofuels for civil aviation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9243.
Full textAbstract:
Commercial aviation has demonstrated its ability to be a key driver of global socio-economic growth to this date. This growth, resulting from an ever increasing need for air-travel, has been observed to be environmentally unsustainable. Any technological enhancements to the upcoming fleet of aircraft or operational improvements have been overshadowed by this very demand for air-travel. Any further investigation into innovative concepts and optimisation approaches bring in trade-off difficulties due to limitations in current technology. This creates a constraint on design space exploration. The need to mitigate civil aviation’s environmental impact has necessitated this sector to expand its frontier and seek radical technologies. Among a range of other technologies, advanced biofuels for civil jet engines have been claimed to be one of the most promising solutions. “Techno-economic Environmental Risk Analysis (TERA) of Advanced Biofuels for Civil Aviation” is a study that contributes to knowledge through conception plus application of quantitative/ qualitative approaches to assess the technical viability, financial feasibility and environmental competence of 2nd and 3rd generation biojet fuels, through their application into the existing scenario of civil aviation, against that of the fossil-derived conventional jet fuel (Conv.Jet fuel). TERA of advanced biofuels aims to accomplish the aforementioned through a holistic, multi-disciplinary study entailing life cycle studies, carbon-foot printing, sustainability analysis, fuel chemistry, virtual studies comprising combustion thermodynamic, engine/aircraft performance and emission prediction, economic studies entailing biofuel price prediction and business case analysis as opposed to earlier studies. TERA of Advanced biofuels study entails development of elaborate life cycle models, ALCEmB (Assessment of Life Cycle Emissions of Biofuels) and ALCCoB (Assessment of Life Cycle Cost of Biofuels) to predict life cycle emissions and costs, respectively, of the advanced biofuels from the point of raw material generation to the point of finished product consumption (a “cradle-grave” approach). A virtual experiment, to assess the impact of the “performance” properties of the advanced biofuels on a representative twin-shaft turbofan/airframe combination, relative to that of Conv.Jet fuel, was also undertaken through numerical modelling and simulation.Evaluation through ALCEmB revealed that Camelina-SPK, Microalgae-SPK and Jatropha-SPK delivered 70%, 58% and 64% savings in life cycle emission, relative to Conv.Jet fuel. The Net Energy Ratio (NER) analysis indicates that current technology for the biofuel processing is energy efficient and technically feasible. An elaborate post-combustion gas property evaluation infers that the Bio-SPKs exhibit improved thermodynamic behaviour. This thermodynamic effect has a positive impact on mission-level fuel consumption which reflected as fuel savings in the range of 3 - 3.8% and, therefore, emission savings of 5.8-6.3% in CO2 and 7.1-8.3% in LTO NOx, relative to that of Jet-A1. An economic feasibility analysis which entails prediction of hypothetical biofuel price prediction and its impact on direct operating cost (DOC) of an aircraft which infers that Bio-SPKs, over a user-defined medium-range mission profile, costs an additional 95-100% in terms of aircraft DOC, relative to that operated with conventional Jet-fuel, within short (2020) and medium (2020). However, the advanced biofuels are able to exhibit financial competence from 2020 onwards, relative to that of Conv.Jet fuel. However, the Bio-SPKs exhibit this economic feasibility only against a backdrop of persistent Conv.Jet fuel price volatility and severe environmental taxation between the analysis periods (2020-2075).
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Choi, Jin-Tai. "Acts of violence against civil aviation : historical survey, perspectives and responses." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15162.
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Acts of violence involving civilian aircraft and airline facilities, as well as air travellers have been exploited by terrorist and others since 1931. This form of international terrorism is more than an attack on the rights of the innocent and rule of law. It constitutes a great threat to global peace. Although such attacks represent a small percentage of total terrorist incidents, it is clear that acts of violence directed at civil aviation are not limited by geographical or political boundaries. As escalating threats to civil aviation have caused great concern to the international community without regional exception, governments have introduced security measures against such attacks. The deterrent or diversionary effect of tight security programmes have been reflected in a perceptible shift of terrorist attention to easy targets and other forms of attack. However, governments and the civil aviation industry have failed to keep ahead of changing threats. They upgraded their security capabilities to tackle only the known methods of terrorist attacks. This short-sighted approach is the most serious concern for the safety of civil aviation. It cannot be emphasised too strongly that both the nature and the level of the security threat change frequently and must be monitored constantly in order to foresee possible danger and to consider how to cope with such threats. The international community must not allow the perpetrators of aviation terrorism to get so far ahead of the world's aviation security system. To achieve this aim, aviation authorities must develop long term plans to tackle terrorist activities against civil aviation. This will be a monumental task. However, where there is a will, there is a way.
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Yadav, Devinder Kumar. "Aircraft - runway interaction and an insight into evolving civil aviation regulations." Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1674.
Full textAbstract:
Runway is an essential element of any airport and it significantly influences the safety of an aircraft that uses it. A typical flight includes various phases, but landing is considered as the most crucial phase of the flight. An improper landing may results in serious implications for safety of the aircraft and its occupants, if the runway condition is compromised. An aircraft imposes a tremendous load on a runway pavement during landing phase that causes deflection of the pavement. Consequently, the runway design and performance requirements are largely affected by the potential deflection. A critical review of the relevant literature indicates that the study of aircraft-runway interaction has been a challenging problem for runway designers, airport operators, and researchers. As a result, the design, evaluation, and performance reporting of a runway pavement is still based on semi-empirical approaches. A review of international civil aviation regulatory framework also reveals that prescriptive and empirical procedures dominate the field practices.This study analyses an aircraft-runway interaction as a structure-foundation interaction problem using basic principles of engineering mechanics. It is based on idealisation of various characteristics of a runway by mechanical elements, such as Winkler springs, stretched elastic membranes, shear beam, and dashpot concepts while considering the forces applied by an aircraft on a runway pavement during landing. As a result, an analytically derived deflection model has been developed to examine the runway deflection profiles. Besides, a parametric study has also been carried out to examine the relationship between deflection, impact pressure, and vertical velocity of an aircraft during landing. Consequently, the developed analytical expression to estimate runway deflection is expected to be useful in designing, technical evaluation, and strength reporting of a runway pavement. Additionally, considering aviation operations as risky and safety sensitive activities, the impact of changing civil aviation regulatory system from prescriptive regime to an outcome based legislative framework on aviation safety is also investigated in this research.
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Кириленко, Оксана Миколаївна, and Oksana Kyrylenko. "Ensuring state control in the field of civil aviation in Ukraine, as a prerequisite for the development of aviation transport." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53426.
Full textAbstract:
1. Moskalenko SI State regulation of civil aviation in Ukraine: Monograph. - Kropyvnytskyi, 2018.- 322 p.
2. Danilishin BM, Klinovy DV, Babich RB Development of productive forces and regional economy // Nizhyn: Aspect-Polygraph LLC, 2007. - 688 р.
3. O. Kyrylenko, I. Zarubinska, V. Novak, K. Razumova, E. Danilova. Features of the development of the transport system of Ukraine on the way to European integration. Collective monograph. MODERN ASPECTS OF SCIENCE. 10- th volume of the international collective monograph. 6. International Economics. Czech Republic . – 2021, 437p., P.205-215.
4. K. Razumova, O. Kyrylenko, I. Zarubinska, V. Novak, A. Guryna. Ways of realization Ukraine's transport system to the ЕU. Collective monograph. MODERN ASPECTS OF SCIENCE. 11-th volume of the international collective monograph. 6. International Economics. Czech Republic . – 2021, 437p., P.151-160.State regulation is important for the development of civil aviation in Ukraine. According to Article 1 of the Air Code of Ukraine, civil aviation is aviation used to meet the needs of the economy and citizens in air transportation and aviation, as well as to perform flights for private purposes. To date, Ukraine has acceded to numerous international agreements in the field of civil aviation. State control is necessary for the implementation of international agreements in the field of civil aviation.
Важливе значення для розвитку цивільної авіації в Україні має державне регулювання. Відповідно до статті 1 Повітряного кодексу України цивільна авіація - це авіація, яка використовується для забезпечення потреб народного господарства та громадян у повітряних перевезеннях та авіації, а також для виконання польотів у приватних цілях. На сьогоднішній день Україна приєдналася до численних міжнародних угод у сфері цивільної авіації. Для виконання міжнародних договорів у сфері цивільної авіації необхідний державний контроль.
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Busza, Eva. "The civil aviation cartel : a study in the politics of international collaboration." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26790.
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The thesis examines the formation and development of post-World War II international collaboration in the economic regulation of the commercial aspects (i.e., market entry; market shares and prices) of civil aviation. Specifically, it studies the formation and operation of one type of international
regime: a cartel. The thesis seeks to answer two questions: why do states cooperate to support an international cartel? And why do states cease to support a cartel?
The study proposes three reasons why states will support a cartel: (1) to promote consumer welfare and the growth of the industry; (2) to ensure the development and protection of their national carriers; and (3) in response to hegemonic activity.
It then considers why states cease to participate in the cartel arrangements.
This occurs: if states no longer believe that the cartel is promoting
consumer welfare and industrial growth; if they conclude that their industry no longer benefits from cartel protection; or if the hegemon is unable
or unwilling, or both, to support the regime.
All three give valuable insights. Nevertheless, the author proposes that it is possible to establish a hierarchy of usefulness according to the depth and scope of understanding offered by each explanation. It is argued that hegemonic stability theory provides the most useful insights.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Mahoney, James Scott, and n/a. "Clipped Wings: Management discourses during organisational change at Australia's Civil Aviation Authority." University of Canberra. Arts & Design, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20081113.153047.
Full textAbstract:
Structural change in organisations is stressful for staff and the managers who must implement it. Most change programs use employee communication techniques to support change directions set by senior executive decision makers-dominant coalitions.
This research used a single case study to explain the context and management discourses of a major re-structure of an Australian Federal Government agency, the former Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), during the early 1990s. A content analysis examined the use of keywords in management discourses that argued the need for change. The keywords represented the two major change discourses: micro-economic reform and aviation safety regulation. A critical discourse analysis investigated the dominant coalition's discourse strategies to justify change. Content and process communication theories, and the role of framing in organisational change, were used to explain how employees may have reacted to change directions.
The research found that change directions were framed as an economic imperative that clashed with a traditional organisational culture that emphasised the primacy of aviation safety. It found that mixed messages by the two principal members of the dominant coalition who drove change exacerbated the clash.
The results suggest a need for further analysis of management discourses used to inform employees about structural change, especially in organisations that have legislative responsibilities. Further analysis of change messages framed by dominant coalitions could lead to a deeper understanding ofhow they affect employees and the change process.
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Andrzejczak, Chris. "A study of factors contributing to self-reported anomalies in civil aviation." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4521.
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A study investigating what factors are present leading to pilots submitting voluntary anomaly reports regarding their flight performance was conducted. The study employed statistical methods, text mining, clustering, and dimensional reduction techniques in an effort to determine relationships between factors and anomalies. A review of the literature was conducted to determine what factors are contributing to these anomalous incidents, as well as what research exists on human error, its causes, and its management. Data from the NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) was analyzed using traditional statistical methods such as frequencies and multinomial logistic regression. Recently formalized approaches in text mining such as Knowledge Based Discovery (KBD) and Literature Based Discovery (LBD) were employed to create associations between factors and anomalies. These methods were also used to generate predictive models. Finally, advances in dimensional reduction techniques identified concepts or keywords within records, thus creating a framework for an unsupervised document classification system. Findings from this study reinforced established views on contributing factors to civil aviation anomalies. New associations between previously unrelated factors and conditions were also found. Dimensionality reduction also demonstrated the possibility of identifying salient factors from unstructured text records, and was able to classify these records using these identified features.ID: 029050666; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 168-174).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science