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1
Jones, Andy. "Component-led integrative optimisation methodology for avionic thermal management." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/24785.
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The modern military aircraft can be defined as a System of Systems (SoS); several distinct systems operating simultaneously across boundary interfaces. As the on-board subsystems have become more complex and diverse, the development process has become more isolated. When considering thermal management of distributed heat loads, the aircraft has become a collection of individually optimised components and subsystems, rather than the implementation of a single system to perform a given task. Avionic thermal management is quickly becoming a limiting factor of aircraft performance, reliability and effectiveness. The challenge of avionic thermal management is growing with the increasing complexity and power density of avionic packages. The aircraft relies on a heat rejection growth capacity to accommodate the additional through-life avionic heat loads. Growth capacity is defined as an allowable thermal loading growth designed into the system by the underutilisation of spatial and cooling supply at aircraft introduction; however, this is a limited resource and aircraft subsystem cooling capability is reaching a critical point. The depleted growth capacity coupled with increased avionic power demands has led to component thermal failure. However, due to the poor resolution of existing data acquisition, experimental facilities or thermodynamic modeling, the exact inflight-operating conditions remain relatively unknown. The knowledge gap identified in this work is the lack of definitive methodology to generate high fidelity data of in-flight thermal conditions of fast-jet subsystems and provide evidence towards effective future thermal management technologies. It is shown that, through the development of a new methodology, the knowledge gap can be reduced and as an output of this approach the unknown system behaviour can be defined. A multidisciplinary approach to the replication, analysis and optimisation of a fast-jet TMS is detailed. The development of a new Ground Test Facility (GTF) allows previously unidentified system thermal behaviour to be evaluated at component, subsystem and system level. The development of new data to characterise current thermal performance of a fast jet TMS allows recommendations of several new technologies to be implemented through a component led integrative system optimisation. This approach is to consider the TMS as a single system to achieve a single goal of component thermal management. Three technologies are implemented to optimise avionic conditions through the minimisation of bleed air consumption, improve avionic reliability through increased avionic component isothermalisation and increase growth capacity through improved avionic heat exchanger fin utilisation. These component level technologies improved system level performance. A reduction in TMS bleed air consumption from 1225kg to 510kg was found to complete a typical flight profile. A peak predicted aircraft specific fuel consumption saving of 1.23% is seen at a cruise flight condition because of this approach to avionic thermal management.
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Al, Sheikh Ahmad. "Resource allocation in hard real-time avionic systems : scheduling and routing problems." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00631443.
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Le domaine avionique a été transformé par l'apparition des architectures modulaires intégrées (IMA). Celles-ci définissent un support d'exécution et de communication standard et mutualisé afin de réduire la complexité de l'architecture physique. Cependant, du fait du partage des ressources, cette démarche introduit une plus grande complexité lors de la conception et de l'intégration des applications ce qui implique d'assister les concepteurs avec des outils dédiés. La présente thèse contribue à cet effort en se focalisant sur deux problèmes d'allocation de ressources : i) le problème de l'ordonnancement multiprocesseur de tâches strictement périodiques et ii) le problème du routage des messages échangés entre les fonctions avioniques. Le premier problème a été formalisé sous la forme d'un programme linéaire en nombres entiers afin de garantir un potentiel maximum d'évolution sur les durées d'exécutions des traitements. L'inefficacité d'une approche exacte pour des instances de grande taille, nous a conduit à développer une heuristique originale s'inspirant de la théorie des jeux couplée avec un algorithme multi-start. Le routage est formalisé sous la forme d'un problème d'optimisation sur la charge maximum des liens. Deux propositions sont faites pour le résoudre, l'une, exacte, est basée sur une formulation nœud-lien, et la seconde est une heuristique à deux niveaux basé sur une formulation lien-chemin. Mots-Clés en français : ordonnancement temps-réel, optimisation, systèmes avioniques, architectures modulaires intégrées, tâches strictement périodique, théorie de jeux, routage des liens virtuels
3
Al, Sheikh Ahmad. "Resource allocation in hard real-time avionic systems : scheduling and routing problems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAT0010.
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Le domaine avionique a été transformé par l'apparition des architectures modulaires intégrées (IMA). Celles-ci définissent un support d'exécution et de communication standard et mutualisé afin de réduire la complexité de l'architecture physique. Cependant, du fait du partage des ressources, cette démarche introduit une plus grande complexité lors de la conception et de l'intégration des applications ce qui implique d’assister les concepteurs avec des outils dédiés. La présente thèse contribue à cet effort en se focalisant sur deux problèmes d'allocation de ressources : i) le problème de l'ordonnancement multiprocesseur de tâches strictement périodiques et ii) le problème du routage des messages échangés entre les fonctions avioniques.Le premier problème a été formalisé sous la forme d’un programme linéaire en nombres entiers afin de garantir un potentiel maximum d'évolution sur les durées d'exécutions des traitements. L’inefficacité d’une approche exacte pour des instances de grande taille, nous a conduit à développer une heuristique originale s’inspirant de la théorie des jeux couplée avec un algorithme multi-start.Le routage est formalisé sous la forme d’un problème d’optimisation sur la charge maximum des liens. Deux propositions sont faites pour le résoudre, l’une, exacte, est basée sur une formulation nœud-lien, et la seconde est une heuristique à deux niveaux basé sur une formulation lien-chemin<br>The avionic domain has seen a profound evolution by the introduction of Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA). This defines a standardized execution and communication support in order to reduce the complexity of the physical architecture. Nevertheless, due to the sharing of resources, this reduction of complexity is opposed by an increased difficulty in application conception and integration, which necessitates dedicated tools for assisting system designers. This thesis’ contributions concern two major resource allocation problems: i) the multiprocessor scheduling of strictly periodic tasks and ii) the routing of messages exchanged between the avionic functions. The first problem was formulated using integer linear programming so as to guarantee a maximum evolution potential for the task execution durations. The inefficiency of this exact approach for large problem instances led us to develop an original heuristic, inspired from Game Theory, and further enhance it with a multi-start algorithm. The routing problem was formulated as an optimization one so as to minimize the maximum link loads. Two methods were proposed for this purpose, the first is exact based on node-link formulations, and the other is a two phase heuristic based on link-path formulations
4
Harwood, Donald James. "Graphics system enhancement using post raster processors." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361139.
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Wikman, Kasper. "Integration of Orbital Control in the Avionic Test-Bench Simulators for EagleEye : Evolution of the EagleEye functionality." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76114.
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In the space industry a lot of efforts is put towards verification and validationof the different parts of the spacecraft. This is a costly process and cause initial friction when trying to introduce new technology within the field. One of the demanding systems to validate and test is the on-board software. To makethe process of evaluation and testing of new technologies easier, the EuropeanSpace Agency has put effort towards creating an end-to-end avionic test bench containing four different simulators. In this test bench a fictional mission called EagleEye was constructed. EagleEye is a representative low-cost & low-powerEarth observation mission to create a fictive environment to perform system tests. As of 2018 the mission still lacked the functionality of orbital maintenance. However, during the autumn of 2018 the system had the orbital control modeintroduced to the Functional Engineering Simulator in the MATLAB Simulink environment.This was one process for the integration of the orbital control mode, thesystem still had three additional simulator environments requiring the implementation: Functional Validation Test-Bench, Software Validation Facility andReal-Time Test-Bench. This thesis covers the implementation within the first two simulators mentioned. The work was carried out during the spring of 2019 and showed that the simulators were updated successfully and verified. Development of the simulator will continue as there are still things to be done.
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Gatti, Marc. "Évolution des Architectures des Systèmes Avioniques Embarqués." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066725/document.
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De nos jours, les systèmes embarqués sont les éléments Cœurs des Systèmes avioniques. De plus en plus de fonctions sont intégrées et de ce fait leurs complexités croît. Afin que cette complexité puisse rester maîtrisable, l’architecture des systèmes avionique a également évolué de façon à minimiser les interactions entre les équipements. Cette évolution des Architectures a introduit, au niveau avionique, la notion de réseau largement répandue dans le monde dit « consumer ». Nos travaux de Recherche ont pour but d’accompagner cette évolution architecturale en minimisant l’impact des ruptures technologiques qu’il a été nécessaire d’introduire afin de supporter cette évolution. Pour cela, nous proposons une approche qui va nous permettre de dé-risquer chaque nouvelle brique technologique avant son introduction au sein des Systèmes Embarqués. Cette introduction pourra donc être réalisée en ayant au préalable défini les conditions ainsi que les limites d’utilisation de chaque nouvelle technologie, qu’elle soit matérielle et/ou logicielle<br>Nowadays, Embedded Systems are key elements of the Avionic Systems. As more and more functions are integrated, their complexity goes increasing. In order to keep mastering this complexity, Avionic Systems Architecture has also evolved so as to minimize the interactions between equipment. This evolution of the Architectures introduced, at the avionic level, the notion of network widely spread in the consumer domain. Our research works aim at accompanying this architectural evolution by minimizing the impact of the technological breakthroughs which were necessary to introduce to support this evolution. For that purpose, we propose an approach which is going to allow us to derisk every new technological brick before its introduction within the Embedded Systems. This introduction can thus be performed by having beforehand defined the conditions as well as the limits of use of every new technology that it is Hardware and/or Software
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ESPOSITO, STEFANO. "Mixed-Criticality Systems on Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2706773.
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Avionics and space industries are struggling with the adoption of technologies
like multi-processor system-on-chips (MPSoCs) due to strict safety requirements.
This thesis propose a new reference architecture for MPSoC-based mixed-criticality
systems (MCS) - i.e., systems integrating applications with different level of criticality - which are a common use case for aforementioned industries.
This thesis proposes a system architecture capable of granting partitioning -
which is, for short, the property of fault containment. It is based on the detection
of spatial and temporal interference, and has been named the online detection of
interference (ODIn) architecture.
Spatial partitioning requires that an application is not able to corrupt resources
used by a different application. In the architecture proposed in this thesis, spatial
partitioning is implemented using type-1 hypervisors, which allow definition of
resource partitions. An application running in a partition can only access resources
granted to that partition, therefore it cannot corrupt resources used by applications
running in other partitions.
Temporal partitioning requires that an application is not able to unexpectedly
change the execution time of other applications. In the proposed architecture, temporal partitioning has been solved using a bounded interference approach, composed of
an offline analysis phase and an online safety net.
The offline phase is based on a statistical profiling of a metric sensitive to
temporal interference’s, performed in nominal conditions, which allows definition of
a set of three thresholds:
1. the detection threshold TD;
2. the warning threshold TW ;
3. the α threshold.
Two rules of detection are defined using such thresholds:
Alarm rule When the value of the metric is above TD.
Warning rule When the value of the metric is in the warning region [TW ;TD] for
more than α consecutive times.
ODIn’s online safety-net exploits performance counters, available in many MPSoC architectures; such counters are configured at bootstrap to monitor the selected
metric(s), and to raise an interrupt request (IRQ) in case the metric value goes above
TD, implementing the alarm rule. The warning rule is implemented in a software detection module, which reads the value of performance counters when the monitored
task yields control to the scheduler and reset them if there is no detection.
ODIn also uses two additional detection mechanisms:
1. a control flow check technique, based on compile-time defined block signatures, is implemented through a set of watchdog processors, each monitoring
one partition.
2. a timeout is implemented through a system watchdog timer (SWDT), which is
able to send an external signal when the timeout is violated.
The recovery actions implemented in ODIn are:
• graceful degradation, to react to IRQs of WDPs monitoring non-critical applications or to warning rule violations; it temporarily stops non-critical applications
to grant resources to the critical application;
• hard recovery, to react to the SWDT, to the WDP of the critical application, or
to alarm rule violations; it causes a switch to a hot stand-by spare computer.
Experimental validation of ODIn was performed on two hardware platforms: the
ZedBoard - dual-core - and the Inventami board - quad-core.
A space benchmark and an avionic benchmark were implemented on both platforms, composed by different modules as showed in Table 1
Each version of the final application was evaluated through fault injection (FI)
campaigns, performed using a specifically designed FI system. There were three
types of FI campaigns:
1. HW FI, to emulate single event effects;
2. SW FI, to emulate bugs in non-critical applications;
3. artificial bug FI, to emulate a bug in non-critical applications introducing
unexpected interference on the critical application.
Experimental results show that ODIn is resilient to all considered types of fault
8
Gatti, Marc. "Évolution des Architectures des Systèmes Avioniques Embarqués." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2016PA066725.pdf.
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De nos jours, les systèmes embarqués sont les éléments Cœurs des Systèmes avioniques. De plus en plus de fonctions sont intégrées et de ce fait leurs complexités croît. Afin que cette complexité puisse rester maîtrisable, l’architecture des systèmes avionique a également évolué de façon à minimiser les interactions entre les équipements. Cette évolution des Architectures a introduit, au niveau avionique, la notion de réseau largement répandue dans le monde dit « consumer ». Nos travaux de Recherche ont pour but d’accompagner cette évolution architecturale en minimisant l’impact des ruptures technologiques qu’il a été nécessaire d’introduire afin de supporter cette évolution. Pour cela, nous proposons une approche qui va nous permettre de dé-risquer chaque nouvelle brique technologique avant son introduction au sein des Systèmes Embarqués. Cette introduction pourra donc être réalisée en ayant au préalable défini les conditions ainsi que les limites d’utilisation de chaque nouvelle technologie, qu’elle soit matérielle et/ou logicielle<br>Nowadays, Embedded Systems are key elements of the Avionic Systems. As more and more functions are integrated, their complexity goes increasing. In order to keep mastering this complexity, Avionic Systems Architecture has also evolved so as to minimize the interactions between equipment. This evolution of the Architectures introduced, at the avionic level, the notion of network widely spread in the consumer domain. Our research works aim at accompanying this architectural evolution by minimizing the impact of the technological breakthroughs which were necessary to introduce to support this evolution. For that purpose, we propose an approach which is going to allow us to derisk every new technological brick before its introduction within the Embedded Systems. This introduction can thus be performed by having beforehand defined the conditions as well as the limits of use of every new technology that it is Hardware and/or Software
9
Gustavsson, Henrik. "Utvärdering av simulatorer och emulatorer för inbyggda system." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-17983.
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Uppdragsgivaren Saab Electronic Defence Systems i Jönköping erbjuder ett flertal produkter främst inom avioniksystem. För att kunna utvärdera och kontrollera produktens design i ett tidigt skede så kan en simulering av systemets beteende och att felsöka så tidigt som möjligt vara ett möjligt alternativ. En systemsimulering kan innebära att mjukvaruutveckling och felsökning kan påbörjas långt innan hårdvaruprototypen är tillgänglig, med samma storlek och komplexitet som systemet. Andra fördelar med simulering är att det går enklare att fastställa orsaken till systemkrasch, hitta de längsta exekveringstiderna och göra felinjiceringar. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att testa och utvärdera hur simulatorer och emulatorer är som utvecklings- och testverktyg. Rapporten innehåller en marknadsundersökning där tio stycken emulatorer och simulatorer hittades. Av dessa valdes två stycken ut, Wind River Simics och Imperas OVPSim. Tester utfördes för användarvänlighet, debugging, samt jämförande tester mellan riktig hårdvara och simulerad miljö. Resultatet visar att simulatorer kan hjälpa till vid produktutveckling, men att de ännu inte är så optimala för att utvärdera hårdvara i. Detta för att avvikelser kan förekomma i exekveringstider mellan riktig och simulerad hårdvaruarkitektur.<br>This thesis has been carried out in cooperation with Saab Electronic Defence Systems in Jönköping which has a wide range of products, mainly for Avionic applications. In order to evaluate and verify their design it is often required to simulate behaviour and debug as early as possible. System simulation can enable software development and debug to commence long before a hardware prototype is available and also scale with the size and complexity of the system. Another benefit of simulation is to more easily determine root causes to system crashes, establish worst case execution time cases and making fault injection. Therefore this thesis will focus on evaluating simulators and emulators, as development- and testing tools. This report contains a marketing research, where ten emulators and simulators were found. Of these, two simulators were chosen for further investigation; WindRiver Simics and Imperas OVPSim. The evaluations considered both usability and debugging features as well as comparative tests between real hardware and the simulated environment. The results show that simulators can help in product development, but they are not yet optimal for evaluating hardware. This is because deviations may occur in execution times between real and simulated hardware architectures.
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Switzer, Earl, Michael Whelan, and Farncisco Lagunas. "AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL COMMUNICATIONS TEST FACILITY AND AVIONICS SYSTEM TEST (ACTFAST): GEARING UP FOR NEXT GENERATION AVIONICS SYSTEMS TESTING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608285.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California<br>Growth in civil aviation is overwhelming worldwide airspace and air traffic services. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Department of Defense (DoD) are proposing or implementing numerous changes to address this growth. The changes are broadly contained in what the civil aviation community calls Communication, Navigation, and Surveillance/Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) and the DoD calls Global Air Traffic Management (GATM). A major component of both civil and DoD proposed changes are data link systems digitally transmitting information between aircraft, air traffic control centers, and aircraft operations centers. The real-time interactive nature of these data-link systems and the integration of the aircraft avionics into a worldwide network are forcing aircraft test agencies to acquire access to this capability. Aircraft flighttesting must address both the specific aircraft avionics test requirements and the system-of-systems aspects of data-link applications. This paper describes the factors driving changes in the worldwide CNS/ATM system and identifies specific proposed or implemented changes. Various flight-test requirements, both civil and military, of the proposed changes are enumerated. Particular attention is paid to the DoDs GATM certification requirements. Finally, we present the Air Traffic Control Communications Test Facility and Avionics System Test (ACTFAST) program and explain its capabilities. Rationale for ACTFAST component parts is included along with a brief outline of how the capabilities represented by each component part are used during flight test to acquire the necessary information to meet civil and DoD aircraft certification requirements.
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Karlsson, Emil. "Optimisation-based scheduling of an avionic system." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Optimeringslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-156695.
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Modern computer systems in aircraft are often based on an integrated modular avionic architecture. In this architecture, software applications share hardware resources on a common avionic platform. Many functions in an aircraft are controlled by software and a failure in such software can have severe consequences. In order to avoid malfunction, there are many aspects to consider. One aspect is to ensure that the activities in the system is done at the right time with the right resources. To analyse if this is possible or not is often called schedulability analysis. When multiple functions are using the same resources, the schedulability analysis becomes increasingly challenging. This thesis focuses on a pre-runtime scheduling problem of an integrated modular avionic system proposed by our industrial partner Saab. The purpose of this problem is to find a feasible schedule or prove that none exists as part of a schedulability analysis. For the system that we study, there are two major challenges. One is that task and communication scheduling are integrated and the other is that there is a large amount of tasks to schedule. For the largest instances, there are more than 10 000 tasks on a single module. In order to solve such problems, we have developed a matheuristic. At the core of this matheuristic is a constraint generation procedure designed to handle the challenges of the scheduling problem. The constraint generation procedure is based on first making a relaxed scheduling decision and then evaluating this in a separate problem where a complete schedule is produced. This yields a decomposition where most technical details are considered in the relaxed problem, and the actual scheduling of tasks is handled in a subproblem. Both the relaxed problem and the subproblem are formulated and solved as mixed integer programs. The heuristic component of the matheuristic is that the relaxed problem is solved using an adaptive large neighbourhood search method. Instead of solving the relaxed problem as a single mixed integer program, the adaptive large neighbourhood search explores neighbourhoods through solving a series of mixed integer programs. Features of this search method are that it is made over both discrete and continuous variables and it needs to balance feasibility against profitable objective value. The matheuristic described in this thesis has been implemented in a scheduling tool. This scheduling tool has been applied to instances provided by our industrial partner and to a set of public instances that we have developed. With this tool, we have solved instances with more than 45 000 tasks.
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Paquette, Jean J. R. Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Electrical. "The Next generation avionic system; a prediction." Ottawa, 1985.
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Druetta, Elisa. "Avionic retrofit of a Piper PA-32R-300: system analysis for glass cockpit avionic conversion." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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This thesis project concerns the design of the avionic retrofit for a Piper PA-32R-300 cockpit. The work was developed as a collaborative project performed at DigiSky and it led to the detailed design of a new Glass Cockpit. A complete design process was addressed starting with the exploration of some possible configurations, with all the feasibility analysis coming to the selection of a configuration, its optimization and the editing of the Service Bulletin.
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Sukardjo, Wishnu. "Methods of avionics systems maintenance procedures." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1995. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21166/.
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Avionics System Maintenance Procedures are discussed in this thesis in the context of a BPhil project involving formal training in research methods and includes information obtained by investigating issues pertinent to aircraft avionics systems maintenance. Personnel matters, problem specification and identification, maintenance procedures, health and safety issues, and quality control issues are discussed in terms of their influence in effectively carrying out required maintenance. The work described in the thesis demonstrates that several research methods are applicable to, and effective for, gathering information on avionics systems maintenance. Evidence is presented to support the view that research of maintenance procedures can produce considerable benefits in terms of improved overall maintenance performance. A critical comparison of maintenance procedures used by British Aerospace and the Indonesian Air Force is included, and conclusions are drawn which highlight a number of significant possibilities for developing improved procedures. Specific recommendations for improving maintenance productivity are given, and the benefits of addressing issues of Continuing Professional Development, Health and Safety matters, problem identification, use of computer databases, particularly for information governed by Standards, are discussed.
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Tondreault, Jeremy P. (Jeremy Peter) 1973. "Improving the management of system development to produce more affordable military avionics systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82698.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2003.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>"February 2003."<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-127).<br>by Jeremy P. Tondreault.<br>S.M.
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Gavrilets, Vladislav 1975. "Avionics systems development for small unmanned aircraft." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50382.
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Dessiatnikoff, Anthony. "Analyse de vulnérabilités de systèmes avioniques embarqués : classification et expérimentation." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01032444.
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L'évolution actuelle des systèmes embarqués à bord des systèmes complexes (avions, satellites, navires, automobiles, etc.) les rend de plus en plus vulnérables à des attaques, en raison de : (1) la complexité croissante des applications ; (2) l'ouverture des systèmes vers des réseaux et systèmes qui ne sont pas totalement contrôlés ; (3) l'utilisation de composants sur étagère qui ne sont pas développés selon les méthodes exigées pour les systèmes embarqués critiques ; (4) le partage de ressources informatiques entre applica- tions, qui va de pair avec l'accroissement de puissance des processeurs. Pour faire face aux risques de malveillances ciblant les systèmes embarqués, il est nécessaire d'appli- quer ou d'adapter les méthodes et techniques de sécurité qui ont fait leurs preuves dans d'autres contextes : Méthodes formelles de spécification, développement et vérification ; Mécanismes et outils de sécurité (pare-feux, VPNs, etc.) ; Analyse de vulnérabilités et contre-mesures. C'est sur ce dernier point que portent nos travaux de thèse. En effet, cet aspect de la sécurité a peu fait l'objet de recherche, contrairement aux méthodes formelles. Cependant, il n'existe pas actuellement de modèle formel capable de couvrir à la fois des niveaux d'abstraction suffisamment élevés pour permettre d'exprimer les propriétés de sécurité désirées, et les détails d'implémentation où se situent la plupart des vulnérabilités susceptibles d'être exploitées par des attaquants : fonctions des noyaux d'OS dédiées à la protection des espaces d'adressage, à la gestion des interruptions et au changement de contextes, etc. ; implémentation matérielle des mécanismes de protection et d'autres fonctions ancillaires. C'est sur ces vulnérabilités de bas niveau que se focalise notre étude. Nos contributions sont résumées par la suite. Nous avons proposé une classification des attaques possibles sur un système temps-réel. En nous basant sur cette classification, nous avons effectué une analyse de vulnérabilité sur un système réaliste : une plateforme avionique expérimentale fournie par Airbus. Il s'agit d'un noyau temps-réel critique or- donnancé avec plusieurs autres applications, le tout exécuté sur une plateforme Freescale QorIQ P4080. C'est à travers une application dite " malveillante ", présente parmi l'en- semble des applications, que nous essayons de modifier le comportement des autres appli- cations ou du système global pour détecter des vulnérabilités. Cette méthode d'analyse de vulnérabilités a permis de détecter plusieurs problèmes concernant les accès mémoire, la communication entre applications, la gestion du temps et la gestion des erreurs qui pouvaient conduire à la défaillance du système global. Enfin, nous avons proposé des contre-mesures spécifiques à certaines attaques et des contre-mesures génériques pour le noyau temps-réel qui permet d'empêcher une application d'obtenir des accès privilégiés ou encore de perturber le comportement du système.
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Löfwenmark, Andreas. "Timing Predictability in Future Multi-Core Avionics Systems." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-134427.
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With more functionality added to safety-critical avionics systems, new platforms are required to offer the computational capacity needed. Multi-core platforms offer a potential that is now being explored, but they pose significant challenges with respect to predictability due to shared resources (such as memory) being accessed from several cores in parallel. Multi-core processors also suffer from higher sensitivity to permanent and transient faults due to shrinking transistor sizes. This thesis addresses several of these challenges. First, we review major contributions that assess the impact of fault tolerance on worst-case execution time of processes running on a multi-core platform. In particular, works that evaluate the timing effects using fault injection methods. We conclude that there are few works that address the intricate timing effects that appear when inter-core interferences due to simultaneous accesses of shared resources are combined with the fault tolerance techniques. We assess the applicability of the methods to COTS multi-core processors used in avionics. We identify dark spots on the research map of the joint problem of hardware reliability and timing predictability for multi-core avionics systems. Next, we argue that the memory requests issued by the real-time operating systems (RTOS) must be considered in resource-monitoring systems to ensure proper execution on all cores. We also adapt and extend an existing method for worst-case response time analysis to fulfill the specific requirements of avionics systems. We relax the requirement of private memory banks to also allow cores to share memory banks.
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Black, James A. "HIGH SPEED AVIONICS DATA INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM (HADIS)." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608905.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>SAIC, under contract with the Air Force Wright Laboratory, has developed and
demonstrated a prototype High Speed Avionics Data Instrumentation System (HADIS).
The HADIS system is designed to operate in both the laboratory and in an airborne
environment. This paper briefly describes the features of the system including its ability to
collect and record data at up to 13.25 MBytes per second, its ability to provide real-time
processing of the data, and its ability to rapidly reconfigure its interfaces based on field
programmable gate arrays. The paper discusses the need for multiple data paths within the
system to allow parallel operations to take place, the need for dedicated access to the
recorder subsystem, and methods for allowing selective recording based on the information
content of the data. The effort was sponsored by the Test Facility Working Group to
provide a common data collection system for Air Force logistics and test and evaluation
facilities. The design is owned by the government and may be cost-effectively used by any
government agency.
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Block, Max. "Pre-Runtime Scheduling of an Avionics System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-300679.
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This master's thesis addresses a scheduling problem arising when designing avionics – the electronic systems used on aircraft. Currently, the problem is commonly solved using mixed integer programming (MIP). We prove the scheduling problem at-hand, which is similar to the well-studied cyclic job shop scheduling problem, is NP-hard. Furthermore, we propose an approach using constraint programming (CP) – a programming paradigm where entities called constraints define the relations between variables. Constraints do not specify a step or sequence of steps to execute, but rather the necessary properties of a solution. The CP approach implemented in the high-quality free OscaR CP solver manages around 1500 tasks in total over 10 processors within a 10 minute timeout, which is good enough for CP to be investigated further as a possible paradigm for solving the considered scheduling problem. We also compare Gurobi Optimizer, a high-quality commercial MIP solver, to Gecode, another high-quality free CP solver, when run on a model for the problem described in the MiniZinc modelling language.
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Enkvist, Clas. "Integrerad modulär avionik med virtualisering." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-98433.
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Det finns huvudsakligen tre olika sätt att konstruera ett partitionerat system på: Federerad arkitektur, Integrerad Modulär Avionik (IMA) med ARINC 653 eller IMA med virtualisering. I den här rapporten undersöks de olika arkitekturernas egenskaper och vilka möjligheter som finns för certifiering av dem. Efter den teoretiska undersökningen har Virtualisering, och framförallt Xen, valts ut för en testimplementation och tillförlitlighetstester. Testimplementationen består av fyra partitioner där varje partition har sin specifika uppgift att lösa. Den fjärde partitionen används för att undersöka hur Xen hanterar en partition som aggressivt nyttjar I/O, processor eller arbetsminne. Testerna visar att Xen har en svag punkt: all I/O hanteras via en egen, speciell, partition. Denna partition saknar dessutom möjligheter att prioritera I/O från specifika partitioner. Den slutgiltiga slutsatsen av de tester som genomförts är att ett system byggt på Xen inte kan lämna samma tillförlitlighet som ett system med en federerad arkitektur eller ett system som bygger på ARINC 653.<br>One can basically take three different approaches when designing a partitioned avionic system: Federated Architecture, Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) with ARINC 653 or IMA with Virtualization. This report examines the different architectural characteristics and the possibilities for certifying them. After the theoretical investigation, Virtualization and, in particular, Xen has been selected for a trial implementation and reliability tests. The implementation consists of four partitions where each partition has its own specific task to solve. The fourth partition is used to examine how Xen handles a partition that aggressively utilizes I/O, processor or memory resources. Tests show that Xen has a weak point: all I/O is handled through a separate and unique partition. This partition also lacks the ability of prioritizing I/O from specific partitions. The final conclusion of the tests carried out in this thesis is that a system built on Xen cannot provide the same reliability as a system with a federated architecture or a system based on ARINC 653.
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Vetter, David B. (David Brian). "Design of multi-passage cooling systems for avionics applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115475.
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Plew, Jason. "Development of a flight avionics system for an autonomous Micro Air Vehicle." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0008540.
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Erdinc, Emre. "Soft Afdx (avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet) End System Implementation With Standard Pc And Ethernet Card." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611929/index.pdf.
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ARINC 664/AFDX (Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet) protocol is a leading onboard communication technology in civil aviation. As AFDX is a new technology, unit cost of the hardware devices are high and protocol is open to changes. This thesis discusses the design of an AFDX End System application for test environment with a software based solution with cheap COTS (Commercial offthe shelf) equipment, explains the implementation of the software and analysis the performance.
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Andersson, Henric. "Aircraft Systems Modeling : Model Based Systems Engineering in Avionics Design and Aircraft Simulation." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Machine Design, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17573.
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<p>Aircraft developers like other development and manufacturing companies, are experiencing increasing complexity in their products and growing competition in the global market. One way to confront the challenges is to make the development process more efficient and to shorten time to market for new products/variants by using design and development methods based on models. Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is introduced to, in a structured way, support engineers with aids and rules in order to engineer systems in a new way.</p><p>In this thesis, model based strategies for aircraft and avionics development are studied. A background to avionics architectures and in particular Integrated Modular Avionics is described. The integrating discipline Systems Engineering, MBSE and applicable standards are also described. A survey on available and emerging modeling techniques and tools, such as Hosted Simulation, is presented and Modeling Domains are defined in order to analyze the engineering environment with all its vital parts to support an MBSE approach.</p><p>Time and money may be saved by using modeling techniques that enable understanding of the engineering problem, state-of-the-art analysis and team communication, with preserved or increased quality and sense of control. Dynamic simulation is an activity increasingly used in aerospace, for several reasons; to prove the product concept, to validate stated requirements, and to verify the final implementation. Simulation is also used for end-user training, with specialized training simulators, but with the same underlying models. As models grow in complexity, and the set of simulation platforms is expanded, new needs for specification, model building and configuration support arise, which requires a modeling framework to be efficient.</p>
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Bilen, Celal Can, and John Alcalde. "Performance Evaluation of Embedded Microcomputers for Avionics Applications." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Computer and Electrical Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11955.
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<p>Embedded microcomputers are used in a wide range of applications nowadays. Avionics is one of these areas and requires extra attention regarding reliability and determinism. Thus, these issues should also be born in mind in addition to performance when evaluating embedded microcomputers.</p><p>This master thesis suggests a framework for performance evaluation of two members of the PowerPC microprocessor family, namely the MPC5554 from Freescale and PPC440EPx from AMCC, and analyzes the results within and between these processors. The framework can be generalized to be used in any microprocessor family, if required.</p><p>Apart from performance evaluation, this thesis also suggests also a new terminology by introducing the concept of determinism levels to be able to estimate determinism issues in avionics applications more clearly, which is crucial regarding the requirements and working conditions of this very application. Such estimation does not include any practical results as in performance evaluation, but rather remains theoretical. Similar to Automark™ used by AutoBench™ in the EEMBC Benchmark Suite, we introduce a new performance metric score that we call ”Aviomark” and we carry out a detailed comparison of Aviomark with the traditional Automark™ score to be able to see how Aviomark differs from Automark™ in behavior.</p><p>Finally, we have developed a graphical user interface (GUI) which works in parallel with the Green Hills MULTI Integrated Development Environment (IDE) in order to simplify and automate the evaluation process. By the help of the GUI, the users will be able to easily evaluate their specific PowerPC processors by starting the debugging from MULTI IDE.</p>
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Omelchenko, Alexander 1968. "Avionics systems design for cooperative unmanned air and ground vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17789.
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Thesis (S.M. and E.A.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004.<br>"June 2004."<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 95).<br>This thesis summarizes the results of the design of avionics systems intended for use onboard unmanned air and ground vehicles, that are parts of a multi-vehicle system whose primary mission objective is to provide up-close surveillance capability from a large stand-off distance. Different types of cooperative action between air and ground vehicles, that can help to enhance the overall system surveillance capability, are analyzed, including communication relay, simultaneous visual surveillance of ground objects from air and ground vehicles, and visual coverage of ground vehicles from air vehicles. Both hardware and software design as well as practical implementation of the designed avionics systems are discussed, and results of field tests are presented.<br>by Alexander Omelchenko.<br>S.M.and E.A.A.
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Thenent, Nils Elias. "The representation of an advanced service delivered by a product service system : a qualitative model of avionics availability." Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629659.
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The research presented in this thesis demonstrates the qualitative modelling of an advanced service delivered by a Product Service System (PSS) through the use of a socio-technical systems-based approach. The created model represents dependencies between functions and organisations, and can be used as basis for a quantitative cost model. Focus is on how one particular example of advanced services, namely availability is delivered in an industrial context. Following a review of multi-disciplinary literature and the outline of a suitable methodological approach, a detailed case study of the delivery of an exemplar piece of avionics equipment by BAE Systems and GE Aviation to the UK Royal Air Force is described. This research shows that the delivery of avionics availability through a PSS has organisational, contractual and functional facets that overlap and influence each other. Multiple qualitative models represent the investigated setting, from a functional and from an organisational perspective. Top-level functions ‘Analysis & Optimisation’, ‘Administration’ and ‘Delivery’ are identified. The results show distinctive similarities and differences between GE Aviation and BAE Systems including a variety of parallel contracts, organisational segmentation and tensions between relationships and contractual obligations. The findings suggest that understanding a PSS as a socio-technical system is crucial for modelling the PSS and the cost associated with it. This is particularly important when the aim is to continuously control and manage costs rather than the creation of a one-off forecast. The contribution of this work to the existing body of knowledge, primarily within the domain of cost engineering is twofold: First the creation of qualitative models of an existing PSS delivering avionics availability to show “what is a PSS”, and second a methodologically robust approach that takes into account the sociotechnical character of PSS to demonstrate “how to know about PSS”.
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Kahn, Aaron David. "The design and development of a modular avionics system." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15712.
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Graziano, Timothy Michael. "Establishment of a Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) Test Bed to Explore Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) Vulnerabilities to Cyber Attacks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104624.
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Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS) are safety-critical, unauthenticated, ranging
systems required in commercial aircraft. Previous work has proposed TCAS vulnerabilities
to attacks from malicious actors with low cost software defined radios (SDR) and inexpensive
open-source software (GNU radio) where spoofing TCAS radio signals in now possible. This
paper outlines a proposed threat model for several TCAS vulnerabilities from an adversarial
perspective. Periodic and aperiodic attack models are explored as possible low latency solutions
to spoof TCAS range estimation. A TCAS test bed is established with commercial
avionics to demonstrate the efficacy of proposed vulnerabilities. SDRs and Vector Waveform
Generators (VWGs) are used to achieve desired latency. Sensor inputs to the TCAS system
are spoofed with micro-controllers. These include Radar Altimeter, Barometric Altimeter,
and Air Data Computer (ADC) heading and attitude information transmitted by Aeronautical
Radio INC (ARINC) 429 encoding protocol. TCAS spoofing is attempted against the
test bed and analysis conducted on the timing results and test bed performance indicators.
The threat model is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.<br>Master of Science<br>Traffic Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS), or Airborne Collision Avoidance Systems
ACAS), are safety-critical systems required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
in commercial aircraft. They work by sending queries to surrounding aircraft in the form of
radio transmission. Aircraft in the who receive these transmissions send replies. Information
in these replies allow the TCAS system to determine if a nearby aircraft may travel too close
to itself. TCAS can then determine help both pilots avoid a mid-air collision. Information in
the messages can be faked by a malicious actor. To explore these vulnerabilities a test bed
is built with commercial grade TCAS equipment. Several types of attacks are evaluated.
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Nguyen, Anh-Minh Ngoc. "High-Quality Detection in Heavy-Traffic Avionic Communication System Using Interference Cancellation Techniques." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29069.
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This dissertation focuses on quantifying the effects of multi-user co-channel interference for an avionic communication system operating in a heavy-traffic aeronautical mobile environment and proposes advanced interference cancellation techniques to mitigate the interference.
The dissertation consists of two parts. The first part of the work investigates the use of a visualization method to quantify and characterize the multi-user co-channel interference (multiple access interference) effects impinging on an avionic communication system. The interference is caused by complex interactions of thousands of RF signals transmitted from thousands of aircraft; each attempts to access a common communication channel, which is governed by a specific channel contention access protocol. The visualization method transforms the co-channel interference, which is specified in terms of signal-overlaps (signal collisions), from a visual representation to a matrix representation for further statistical analysis. It is found that the statistical Poisson and its cumulative distribution provide the best estimates of multi-user co-channel interference. It is shown, using Monte Carlo simulation, that the co-channel interference of a victim aircraft operating in the heavy-traffic environment could result in as high as eight signal-overlaps. This constitutes to approximately 83.4% of success rate in signal detection for the entire three thousand aircraft environment using conventional FSK receiver. One key finding shows that high-quality communications, up to 98.5% success rate, is achievable if only three overlapping signals can be decoded successfully. The interference results found in the first part set the stage for interference cancellation research in the second part.
The second part of the work proposes the use of advanced interference cancellation techniques, namely sequential interference cancellation (SIC) and parallel interference cancellation (PIC), as potential solutions to mitigating the interference effects. These techniques can be implemented in radio receivers to perform multi-signal decoding functionality to remove the required interferers (three overlapping signals) so that high-quality communication, as described in the first part, can be achieved. Various performance graphs are shown for B-FSK and B-PSK for both SIC and PIC techniques. One key finding is that the system performance can be improved substantially to an additional 15% in signal reception success rate by using SIC or PIC. This means that critical information transmitted from 450 aircraft (out of approximately three thousand aircraft in the environment) is preserved and successfully decoded. Multi-signal decoding using these interference cancellation receivers comes at a small penalty of 2 - 4.5 dBs in Eb/No when sufficient signal-to-interference (SIR) ratio (7-12 dB) is provided.<br>Ph. D.
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Dova, Vincent H. "Software-defined avionics and mission systems in future vertical lift aircraft." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45181.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>Integrated Modular Avionics, or IMA, has been a notable trend in aircraft avionics for the past two decades, promising significant size, weight, and power-consumption (SWAP) gains, radically increased sensors fusion, and streamlined support costs. Despite the demonstrated success of IMA systems in commercial airliners such as the Airbus A380 and the Boeing 787, military rotorcraft in the service of the United States Joint services have yet to benefit significantly from this technology. At long last, that may be about to change. The Future Vertical Lift Family of Systems (FVL) initiative was launched in 2008, with the aim of re-inventing the entire U.S. rotary wing fleet. Within the FVL program’s projected timeline, many signs point to the emergence of a second-generation IMA technology (IMA2G), which will leverage extensive virtualization and software-defined functionality to deliver further SWAP gains, fault-tolerance, and system capability. Development efforts are indeed already underway to integrate such advanced IMA features into the FVL’s Joint Common Architecture. This thesis assesses the maturity of IMA2G critical path technologies, validates the alignment between IMA2G benefits and desired FVL attributes, and describes the operational impact that software-defined avionics and mission systems might have on future rotary wing aircraft.
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Wölfl, Andreas [Verfasser], and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Kosch. "Data Management in Certified Avionics Systems / Andreas Wölfl ; Betreuer: Harald Kosch." Passau : Universität Passau, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1168473349/34.
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Rauch, William D. "TELEMETRY SYSTEMS OF THE FUTURE." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614480.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1989 / Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>The next 25 years will bring about a revolution in telemetry acquisition and processing. Airborne systems will become smaller and faster, providing additional monitoring and processing capabilities to test vehicles. In addition, ultra-high speed on-board data networks will provide communications between data collection and processing units. The telemetry platforms of tomorrow will be required to collect the entire contents of the data network, in a manner similar to today’s MIL-STD 1553 technology. The ground station of tomorrow will be required to process this bus information and provide it to the users for analysis. Ground station components, including intelligent front-ends and host processors could easily be replaced by a combination of on-board communication network processors (similar to the current 1553 processors) linked to a ground system data network. Processing could be shifted to the vehicle while ground functions remain dedicated to recording and analysis. Specialized workstations will provide for user analysis, history recording, and display. Ground networks will use shared (reflected) memory concepts to provide for addition of unlimited workstations separated by much greater distances than are associated with today’s shared memory systems.
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Greer, Daniel S. "Avionics System development for a Rotary Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350437.
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Thesis (M.S. in Aeronautical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.<br>"June 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Russ W. Duren. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79). Also available online. Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Doverfelt, Rickard. "An Evaluation of Ethernet as Data Transport System in Avionics." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284584.
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ÅF Digital Solutions AB are looking to replace their current legacy system for audio transmissions within aircrafts with a new system based on Ethernet. They also want the system to be as closely matching the current Audio Integration System as possible as well as preferably using commercial off the shelf components. The issue evaluated in this thesis is whether it is feasible to port the legacy protocol over to an Ethernet based solution with as few modifications as possible, what performance requirements are present on the Ethernet solution as well as what remaining capacity is available in the network. Furthermore is ÅF Digital Solutions AB interested in what avionics related Ethernet based protocols and standards are already present on the market.The work is conducted in two tracks - one track of experimental measurements and statistical analysis of the latency present in the proposed solutions and one track with a survey regarding the integration of the present Audio Integration System protocol into the propesed Ethernet based solutions. The study finds two standards present on the market: Avionics Full-Duplex Ethernet (AFDX) and Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTEthernet). Two prototype implementations are built, one implementing AFDX and one custom built upon Ethernet and UDP. The latency of these are measured and found to be largely similar at ideal conditions. Ethernet is found to be more flexible, whilst AFDX allow for interoperation with other manufacturers and TTEthernet facilitates strict timing requirements at the cost of specialised hardware. The bandwidth utilisation of AFDX at ideal conditions is found to be 0.980% per stream and for the Ethernet solution 0.979% per stream.It is proposed that ÅF Digital Solutions AB pursue a custom Ethernet based solution unless they require interoperability on the same network with other manufacturers as a custom solution with full control over the network allows the largest flexibility in regards to timings and load. If interoperability is required is AFDX proposed instead as it is a standardised protocol and without the, for ÅF Digital Solutions AB, unnecessary overhead of TTEthernet.<br>Åf Digital Solutions AB vill undersöka möjligheterna att byta sitt nuvarande legacysystem för kommunikation inom flygplan till ett Ethernet-baserat system. Detta på ett sätt som håller implementationen så nära deras nuvarande Audio Integration System som möjligt. Problemet som undersöks är huruvida det är rimligt att flytta legacyprotokollet till Ethernet med så lite modifikationer som möjligt. Utöver detta vill ÅF Digital Solutions AB veta prestandakraven som blir på en Ethernet-lösning samt hur mycket resterande kapacitet som eventuellt finns kvar för framtida användning. Vidare vill de veta vilka standarder som redan finns på marknaden.Arbetet genomförs genom två spår - ett med experimentella mätningar och statistisk analys och en med ett case-study av integrationen av Audio Integration System och Ethernet. Undersökningen finner två standarder på marknaden relaterat till avionik; Avionics Full-Duplex Ethernet (AFDX) samt Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTEthernet).Två prototyper byggs, en baserad på AFDX och en baserad på UDP och Ethernet. Latencyn för dessa två mäts och finns vara snarlika vid deras respektive ideala scenarion. Ethernet finns vara mer flexibelt, AFDX merinteroperabel och TTEthernet mer lämplig vid strikta tidskrav. Bandbreddsutnyttjandet för AFDX finns vara 0.980% vid ideala förhållanden och 0.979% för Ethernetvid ideala förhållanden.Det rekommenderas att ÅF Digital Solutions använder sig av en egenutformad Ethernetbaserad lösning om de inte har krav på interoperabilitet ty det ger mer flexibilietet gällande tidskrav, protokoll och dataflödet.
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Aman, Shah Shahani. "System level airborne avionics prognostics for maintenance, repair and overhaul." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2016. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11844.
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The aim of this study is to propose an alternative approach in prognostics for
airborne avionics system in order to enhance maintenance process and aircraft
availability. The objectives are to analyse the dependency of avionic systems
for fault propagation behaviour degradation, research and develop methods to
predict the remaining useful life of avionics Line Replaceable Units (LRU),
research and develop methods to evaluate and predict the degradation
performances of avionic systems, and lastly to develop software simulation
systems to evaluate methods developed.
One of the many stakeholders in the aircraft lifecycle includes the Maintenance,
Repair and Overhaul (MRO) industry. The predictable logistics process to some
degree as an outcome of IVHM gives benefit to the MRO industry.
In this thesis, a new integrated numerical methodology called ‘System Level
Airborne Avionic Prognostics’ or SLAAP is developed; looking at a top level
solution in prognostics. Overall, this research consists of two main elements.
One is to thoroughly understand and analyse data that could be utilised.
Secondly, is to apply the developed methodology using the enhanced
prognostic methodology.
Readily available fault tree data is used to analyse the dependencies of each
component within the LRUs, and performance were simulated using the linear
Markov Model to estimate the time to failure. A hybrid approach prognostics
model is then integrated with the prognostics measures that include
environmental factors that contribute to the failure of a system, such as
temperature. This research attempts to use data that is closest to the data
available in the maintenance repair and overhaul industry.
Based on a case study on Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
(EGPWS), the prognostics methodology developed showed a sufficiently close
approximation to the Mean Time Before Failure (MTBF) data supplied by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). This validation gives confidence that
the proposed methodology will achieve its objectives and it should be further
developed for use in the systems design process.
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Riebeling, Rolf-Rekke [Verfasser]. "Modellgetriebene, wissensbasierte Entwicklung von Avionik-Systemen / Rolf-Rekke Riebeling." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1164293451/34.
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Duym, Wade Douglas. "Effects of digital avionics systems on the survivability of modern tactical aircraft." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA303313.
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Tal, Oded. "Software dependability demonstration for safety-critical military avionics systems by statistical testing." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266819.
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Wegener, John A., and Robert N. Zettwoch. "AN INSTRUMENTATION CONTROL SYSTEM THAT UTILIZES AN AVIONICS PILOT DISPLAY INTERFACE." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604958.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, California<br>Flight Test instrumentation control units have traditionally been low-technology units with
mechanical switches, readouts, and perhaps an RS232 interface. As the complexity of Flight Test
Instrumentation systems and operational requirements increase, and as cockpit space becomes
scarce, these control units are no longer sufficient. These control units need to provide capabilities
commensurate with the complexity of the instrumentation systems they control.
This paper describes an instrumentation control system that uses a Boeing Integrated Defense
Systems (IDS) Flight Test Instrumentation designed Instrumentation Control Unit (ICU). The ICU
communicates with the avionics system to allow pilot control via existing aircraft displays. By
taking advantage of a relatively simple protocol to interface with the avionics system, the substantial
cost of reprogramming the avionics software is avoided, and software control is shifted to the Flight
Test group, thus allowing a tremendous increase in system flexibility at reasonable cost. Functions of
the unit can be changed relatively quickly and inexpensively. This promises a wide range of future
applications, such as in-flight monitoring of flight-critical instrumentation parameters by the pilot,
control of the instrumentation system via uplink (with pilot override), and real-time in-flight
selection of telemetered data streams and parameters.
This paper describes the baseline instrumentation control system and requirements to be used on the
EA-18G Flight Test Program, plus additional future capabilities.
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Mehmood, Qaiser. "A Maintainability Analysis of Dependability Evaluation of an Avionic System using AADL to PNML Transformation." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12807.
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Context.In the context of Software Architecture, AADL (ArchitectureAnalysis and Design Language) is one of the latest standards (SAE StandardAS5506) used for analyzing and designing of architectures of software sys-tems. Dependability evaluation of an avionic system, modeled in AADL, isconducted using petri nets standard PNML (ISO standard ISO/IEC15909-2).A maintainability analysis of PNML dependability model is also con-ducted. Objectives. In this study we investigate maintainability analysis of PNMLdependability model of an avionic system designed in AADL. Structural,functional, fault-tolerance and recovery dependencies are modeled, imple-mented, simulated and validated in PNML. Maintainability analysis withrespect to ‘changeability’ factor is also conducted. Methods.This study is a semi-combination of ’case-study’ and ’implemen-tation’ research methodologies. The implementation of case-study systemis conducted by modeling the case-study system in AADL using OSATE2tool and simulating the dependability models in PNML using Wolfgangtool. PNML dependability models are validated by comparing with GSPNdependability models of previously published research. Results. As a result of this research, PNML dependability model was ob-tained. The difficulties that influenced the research in AADL Error ModelAnnex and the OSATE2 tool are also analyzed and documented. PNMLand GSPN are compared for complexity. And maintainability analysis forPNML dependability model w.r.t ‘changeability’ factor is also an outcomeof this research. This research is recommended for software testing at ar-chitecture level as a standardized way for testing the software componentsfor faults and errors and their impact on dependable components. Conclusions. We conclude that PNML is an ISO standard and is the al-ternative for GSPN for dependability. Also, AADL Error Model Annex isstill evolving and there is a need of availability of proper literature publiclyfor better understanding. Also, PNML dependability model possesses the‘changeability’ factor of maintainability analysis and therefore it is able toadapt changes in the architecture. Also, dependability factors of a softwarecan be tested at architecture level using the standards; AADL and PNML
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Salley, Thomas, and Steven E. Thorssell. "AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR ACQUIRING AVIONIC BUS DATA IN A CLASS I PCM TELEMETRY SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613141.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>IRIG 106-86 Chapter 8 describes the standard for acquisition of MIL-STD-1553 traffic flow. All incoming words (command, status, or data) are transmitted and fill words are used to maintain continuous data output. If all incoming words are not needed, or if other data such as sampled analog data from transducers are also to be transmitted, then a different approach is warranted. Selected data from the avionics bus can be placed into predefined PCM words, eliminating the transmission of useless data, and optimizing the bandwidth available to a Class I telemetry system. The engineering considerations and constraints for avionics bus data acquisition and analysis will be explored in this paper.
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Meredith, Andrew. "Use of wireless sensor networks to supplement arinc 429 on aircraft avionics systems." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527397.
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Kovalenko, Yuliia. "Principles of organizing the architecture of perspective onboard digital computing systems in avionics." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50995.
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1. Konakhovych H., Kozlyuk I., Kovalenko Y. (2020) Specificity of optimization of performance indicators of technical operation and updating of radio electronic systems of aircraft. System research and information technologies, no. 3, pp. 41-54.
2. Kovalenko Y., Konakhovych H., Kozlyuk I. (2020) Specificity of optimization of performance indicators of technical operation and updating of radio electronic systems of aircraft. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), vol. 10 (09), pp. 48-58.
3. Kozlyuk І., Kovalenko Y. (2020) Functional bases of the software development and operation in avionics. Problems of Informatization and Management, no. 63, pp. 49-63. 4. Bogatyrov V., Bogatyrov S. (2009) Ob'edinenie rezervirovannyih serverov v klasteryi vyisokonadezhnoy kompyuternoy sistemy. Informatsionnyie tehnologii, no. 6, pp. 41-47.
5. Vidin B., Zharinov I., Zharinov O. (2010) Dekompozitsionnyie metodyi v zadachah raspredeleniya vyichislitelnyih resursov mnogomashinnyih kompleksov bortovoy avioniki. Informatsionno-upravlyayuschie sistemy, no. 1, pp. 2-5.
6. Gatchin Yu. (2010) Modeli i metodyi proektirovaniya integrirovannoy modulnoy avioniki. Vestnik kompyuternyih i informatsionnyih tehnologiy, no. 1, pp. 12-20.<br>Onboard digital computing systems (ODCS) modern aircraft (MA) are complex technical design objects that solve various functional tasks as part of MA: determination of flight and navigation parameters in takeoff, level flight, MA landing; tracking the technical condition of onboard equipment; coordination of the work of all
onboard subsystems; collection, storage, processing and delivery to the pilot on the means of indication of objective information received both from the informationmeasuring system MA and from the controls of the information-control field of the cockpit.<br>Бортові цифрові обчислювальні системи (ODCS) сучасних літальних апаратів (МА) - це складні об'єкти технічного проектування, що вирішують різні функціональні завдання в рамках МА: визначення параметрів польоту та навігації при зльоті, польоту рівня, посадки МА; відстеження технічного стану бортового обладнання; координація роботи всіх бортових підсистем; збір, зберігання, обробка та доставка пілоту за допомогою засобів індикації об'єктивної інформації, отриманої як від інформаційно-вимірювальної системи МА, так і від органів управління інформаційно-контрольним полем кабіни.
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DiBenedetto, Michael F. "Citing criteria for the microwave landing system (MLS) MLS/ILS collocation and runway hump shadowing." Ohio : Ohio University, 1988. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1182785020.
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Sprague, Kara Lynn 1980. "Design and validation of an avionics system for a miniature acrobatic helicopter." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87835.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-54).<br>by Kara Lynn Sprague.<br>M.Eng.
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Teng, Choon Hon Adrian. "Design and performance evaluation study of a prototype of a tactical unmanned aerial vehicle." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FTeng.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Jones, Kevin D. ; Dobrokhodov, Vladimir N. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 18, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98). Also available in print.
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Silva, Leon M. (Leon Manuel) 1968. "A partitioning methodology for helicopter avionics system with a focus on life cycle cost." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82690.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2001.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 111).<br>by Leon M. Silva.<br>S.M.
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Johansson, Viktor, and Alexander Vallén. "Random testing with sanitizers to detect concurrency bugs in embedded avionics software." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-153310.
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Fuzz testing is a random testing technique that is effective at finding bugs in large software programs and protocols. We investigate if the technology can be used to find bugs in multi-threaded applications by fuzzing a real-time embedded avionics platform together with a tool specialized at finding data races between multiple threads. We choose to fuzz an API (available to applications executing on top) of the platform. This thesis evaluates aspects of integrating a fuzzing program, AFL and a sanitizer, ThreadSanitizer with an embedded system. We investigate the modifications needed to create a correct run-time environment for the system, including supplying test data in a safe manner and we discuss hardware dependencies. We present a setup where we show that the tools can be used to find planted data races, however slowdown introduced by the tools is significant and the fuzzer only managed to find very simple planted data races during the test runs. Our findings also indicate what appear to be conflicts in instrumentation between the fuzzer and the sanitizer.