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Journal articles on the topic 'Avoidance of traps'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Borkar, V. S. "Avoidance of traps in stochastic approximation." Systems & Control Letters 50, no. 1 (2003): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6911(03)00118-x.

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2

Berry, Nicholas, Will O'connor, Marc W. Holderied, and Gareth Jones. "Detection and Avoidance of Harp Traps by Echolocating Bats." Acta Chiropterologica 6, no. 2 (2004): 335–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13520437.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Researchers often use harp traps and mist nets to capture bats, and need to be aware of factors that affect trap capture efficiency. Ultrasound reflects from small targets in a frequency-dependent manner, so we predicted that higher frequency sound pulses would return stronger echoes from the fine wires and net of bat traps than would lower frequency signals. We also predicted that mist nets would return stronger echoes than harp traps because mist nets are made of a higher density (and often diameter) of material. Ensonification experiments w

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3

Berry, Nicholas, Will O'connor, Marc W. Holderied, and Gareth Jones. "Detection and Avoidance of Harp Traps by Echolocating Bats." Acta Chiropterologica 6, no. 2 (2004): 335–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13520437.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Researchers often use harp traps and mist nets to capture bats, and need to be aware of factors that affect trap capture efficiency. Ultrasound reflects from small targets in a frequency-dependent manner, so we predicted that higher frequency sound pulses would return stronger echoes from the fine wires and net of bat traps than would lower frequency signals. We also predicted that mist nets would return stronger echoes than harp traps because mist nets are made of a higher density (and often diameter) of material. Ensonification experiments w

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4

Berry, Nicholas, Will O'connor, Marc W. Holderied, and Gareth Jones. "Detection and Avoidance of Harp Traps by Echolocating Bats." Acta Chiropterologica 6, no. 2 (2004): 335–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13520437.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Researchers often use harp traps and mist nets to capture bats, and need to be aware of factors that affect trap capture efficiency. Ultrasound reflects from small targets in a frequency-dependent manner, so we predicted that higher frequency sound pulses would return stronger echoes from the fine wires and net of bat traps than would lower frequency signals. We also predicted that mist nets would return stronger echoes than harp traps because mist nets are made of a higher density (and often diameter) of material. Ensonification experiments w

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5

Berry, Nicholas, Will O'connor, Marc W. Holderied, and Gareth Jones. "Detection and Avoidance of Harp Traps by Echolocating Bats." Acta Chiropterologica 6, no. 2 (2004): 335–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13520437.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Researchers often use harp traps and mist nets to capture bats, and need to be aware of factors that affect trap capture efficiency. Ultrasound reflects from small targets in a frequency-dependent manner, so we predicted that higher frequency sound pulses would return stronger echoes from the fine wires and net of bat traps than would lower frequency signals. We also predicted that mist nets would return stronger echoes than harp traps because mist nets are made of a higher density (and often diameter) of material. Ensonification experiments w

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6

Stapp, Paul, and Beatrice Van Horne. "Do olfactory cues mediate interactions between rodents on northern shortgrass prairie?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 2 (1996): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-028.

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We counted captures of free-ranging deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) in odor-baited traps to determine whether deer mice use olfactory cues to detect and evade grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster), a predator and possible competitor on northern shortgrass prairie. Avoidance was measured using the frequency of captures in traps containing grasshopper mouse odors compared with that in traps containing odors of an innocuous rodent (Reithrodontomys megalotis) and in clean traps. We predicted that deer mice would be most deterred by odors in areas where grasshopper mice were common, and durin

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7

Musiani, M., and E. Visalberghi. "Wolves’ avoidance of flag barriers and management implications." Animal Welfare 9, no. 1 (2000): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600022430.

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Sir, Leg-hold traps are the devices most commonly used by researchers to capture wolves. These traps can cause injury, as they cannot usually be monitored closely enough to prevent captured animals from struggling in them. In areas where guard dogs are not used, typical methods for controlling wolf predation on livestock are culling and building substantial or electric fences to exclude wolves. These methods have two major drawbacks - culling can threaten the population, and conventional fences are expensive and difficult to maintain.

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8

Rödel, Mark-Oliver, Sebastian Demtröder, Claire Fuchs, et al. "Does intraspecific and intersexual attraction or avoidance influence newt abundance estimates based on fish funnel trap records?" Amphibia-Reptilia 35, no. 1 (2014): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00002932.

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We experimentally investigated whether intraspecific and intersexual attraction (or avoidance) by chemical signals may bias newt trapping success. We installed commercially available fish funnel traps which are often used in newt monitoring studies. We tested if capture rates differed between traps with or without newts. One experimental trap set comprised five traps, one trap being empty and four traps containing one male or female Lissotriton vulgaris or Ichthyosaura alpestris, respectively. Capture rates of newts of neither species nor sex was significantly affected by the presence of a par

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9

Berry, Nicholas, Will O'connor, Marc W. Holderied, and Gareth Jones. "Detection and Avoidance of Harp Traps by Echolocating Bats." Acta Chiropterologica 6, no. 2 (2004): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/001.006.0211.

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10

Mathis, Alicia, and R. Jan F. Smith. "Avoidance of areas marked with a chemical alarm substance by fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) in a natural habitat." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 8 (1992): 1473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-203.

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If chemical alarm pheromones warn individuals of nearby predation on conspecifics, then individuals should avoid areas where alarm pheromone is present. This hypothesis was tested in a natural stream habitat by exposing fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to minnow traps that had been marked with either conspecific alarm pheromone or with a control substance (glass-distilled water). The minnows exhibited significant avoidance of traps marked with the alarm pheromone: less than 4% of the minnows that were captured were found in the experimental traps. There was a nonsignificant tendency for m

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11

Smith, Michael Timothy, and Evelyn T. Bruner. "Pitfalls and Traps in Neuropathology." AJSP: Reviews and Reports 25, no. 2 (2020): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pcr.0000000000000365.

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Abstract Impediments to making a correct diagnosis are avoided, and complex administrative efforts are used to make those impediments less frequent. There are quality control procedures, patient safety initiatives, and endless meetings attempting to lessen medical errors. Pitfalls and traps are encountered daily by pathologists, and most are avoided. Artifacts produce traps created by cautery, physical crush, thick sections, and drying and are well known. Appropriate deferral, recuts, stains, and collegial consultations aid in error avoidance in these instances. Neuropathology has some pitfall

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12

Young, Julie, Jeffrey Schultz, Buck Jolley, Nekol Basili, and John Draper. "Social Learning of Avoidance Behaviors: Trap Aversion in Captive Coyotes." Animal Behavior and Cognition 9, no. 3 (2022): 336–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.06.2022.

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Social learning can help animals gain knowledge rapidly and may enhance survival. In species that are subjected to capture in foothold traps and then lethally removed, such as the coyote (Canis latrans), learning to avoid traps is critical to survival. Here, we tested social learning of trap avoidance behavior in three experimental scenarios with captive coyotes. In the first experiment, coyotes observed an unfamiliar coyote get captured in a foothold trap (i.e., demonstrator) or did not observe a demonstrator and were therefore naïve to traps. The coyotes that observed a demonstrator showed s

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13

Foot, G., S. P. Rice, and J. Millett. "Red trap colour of the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia does not serve a prey attraction or camouflage function." Biology Letters 10, no. 4 (2014): 20131024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.1024.

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The traps of many carnivorous plants are red in colour. This has been widely hypothesized to serve a prey attraction function; colour has also been hypothesized to function as camouflage, preventing prey avoidance. We tested these two hypotheses in situ for the carnivorous plant Drosera rotundifolia . We conducted three separate studies: (i) prey attraction to artificial traps to isolate the influence of colour; (ii) prey attraction to artificial traps on artificial backgrounds to control the degree of contrast and (iii) observation of prey capture by D. rotundifolia to determine the effects o

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14

Harding, G. C., W. P. Vass, B. T. Hargrave, and S. Pearre Jr. "Diel Vertical Movements and Feeding Activity of Zooplankton in St. Georges Bay, N.S., Using Net Tows and a Newly Developed Passive Trap." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 5 (1986): 952–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-118.

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Newly developed plankton traps, designed to passively collect vertically mobile plankters, sampled ascending plankton but failed to collect many species during descent. This discrepancy may be behavioral with passively sinking organisms reacting to the trap surface with an upward avoidance reaction. Simultaneous use of conventional net tows and semiautomated traps allowed us to interpret the vertical movements of plankton more fully than by either method alone. Asynchronous vertical movement of the Pseudocalanus population is suspected because the percentage of trapped animals with food in the

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15

Mella, Valentina S. A., Christine E. Cooper, and Stephen J. J. F. Davies. "Predator odour does not influence trappability of southern brown bandicoots (Isoodon obesulus) and common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula)." Australian Journal of Zoology 58, no. 5 (2010): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo10049.

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Predators cause changes in the behaviour of many prey species. This study investigated whether trappability of wild southern brown bandicoots (Isoodon obesulus) and common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) was influenced by odour cues suggesting the presence of potential predators. Trapping success was compared between traps with predator scents and controls in two different experiments. The first measured trapping success of single clean traps, traps with unfamiliar herbivore (horse) odour and traps scented with predator (fox, cat, quoll and dingo) odours, while the second offered thr

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16

Heske, Edward J., and Jeanette M. Repp. "Laboratory and field evidence for the avoidance of California voles (Microtus californicus) by western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 7 (1986): 1530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-227.

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The hypothesis that western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) would avoid the scent of large, behaviorally dominant California voles (Microtus californicus) was investigated in both laboratory and field experiments. Reithrodontomys megalotis chose to build nests in boxes containing clean pine shavings rather than those bearing the odors of M. californicus when presented with a choice in the laboratory. Microtus californicus were indifferent to R. megalotis odors. Both species were strongly attracted to conspecific odors. When presented with pairs of clean live traps and traps bearing Ca

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17

Wisenden, Brian. "Active space of chemical alarm cue in natural fish populations." Behaviour 145, no. 3 (2008): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853908783402920.

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AbstractChemical cues released from injured fish skin during a predator attack provide reliable information about the presence of predation risk. Here, I report estimates of the area avoided by littoral fishes after experimental release of chemical alarm cues in two small lakes in northern Minnesota. Minnow traps were labeled chemically with either water (control) or skin extract (chemical alarm cue) made from 2 cm2 of cyprinid skin (redbelly dace in experiment 1, fathead minnows in experiment 2). Traps labeled with water were placed 1, 2, or 8 m from traps labeled with alarm cue. After 2 h, w

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18

Haskell, Bruce, and Thomas Keefe. "Surviving orthodontic graduate debt: Making correct career choices to manage debt re-payment, reduction or forgiveness." Angle Orthodontist 89, no. 4 (2019): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/0003-3219-89.4.529.

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ABSTRACT Monetary pitfalls and traps await unwary residents upon graduation. The path to a financially satisfying personal and professional life is obtainable despite high student loan debt and limited income. Career and personal finance issues, student loan options, tax avoidance, bank lending policies, and practice purchases are reviewed. Career options of public service, salaried employee, per diem employee, and private practice ownership are compared in personal financial outcomes, taxation, and retirement consequences.

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19

Pham, Duc, Thach-Thao Duong, and Abdul Sattar. "Trap Avoidance in Local Search Using Pseudo-Conflict Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (2021): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8149.

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A key challenge in developing efficient local search solvers is to effectively minimise search stagnation (i.e. avoiding traps or local minima). A majority of the state-of-the-art local search solvers perform random and/or Novelty-based walks to overcome search stagnation. Although such strategies are effective in diversifying a search from its current local minimum, they do not actively prevent the search from visiting previously encountered local minima. In this paper, we propose a new preventative strategy to effectively minimise search stagnation using pseudo-conflict learning. We define a

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20

Laurance, WF. "Abundance estimates of small mammals in Australian tropical rainforest: a comparison of four trapping methods." Wildlife Research 19, no. 6 (1992): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9920651.

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I compared the efficacy of terrestrial, arboreal, carnivore, and pitfall trapping methods for censusing small (200 animals per 1000 trap-nights), whereas carnivore (83.7 animals per 1000 trap-nights) and pitfall (9.1 animals per 1000 trap-nights) traps were less effective. However, each method was particularly effective for 1-4 species, with factors such as diet, vertical microhabitat use, body size and trap avoidance strongly influencing trappability of different species. Strategies for censusing small mammals in tropical rainforest are discussed.

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21

Richards, R. Anne, and J. Stanley Cobb. "Use of Avoidance Responses to Keep Spider Crabs Out of Traps for American Lobsters." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 116, no. 2 (1987): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1987)116<282:uoartk>2.0.co;2.

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22

Ba, Shengchao, and Tao Shen. "Sub-aesthetics: Consumption traps and avoidance strategies of livestreamed eating shows in the metaverse." Metaverse 3, no. 2 (2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54517/m.v3i2.2127.

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<p>“Metaverse” is a product of digital technology and a spatial scene in which the public consciousness is consciously engaged. It reconstructs the aesthetic experience and the aesthetic activity of the public, calculates and preserves the concrete aesthetic style, and conveys it to consumers with visual and auditory sensory elements. Consumers are trapped in the aesthetic prison of others and willingly pay for the dream world created by digital technology. By sorting out the text presentation and fan comments of livestreamed eating shows in the metaverse, this article analyzes the aesth

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23

Ba, Shengchao, and Tao Shen. "Sub-aesthetics: Consumption traps and avoidance strategies of livestreamed eating shows in the metaverse." Metaverse 3, no. 2 (2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54517/met.v3i2.2127.

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<p>“Metaverse” is a product of digital technology and a spatial scene in which the public consciousness is consciously engaged. It reconstructs the aesthetic experience and the aesthetic activity of the public, calculates and preserves the concrete aesthetic style, and conveys it to consumers with visual and auditory sensory elements. Consumers are trapped in the aesthetic prison of others and willingly pay for the dream world created by digital technology. By sorting out the text presentation and fan comments of livestreamed eating shows in the metaverse, this article analyzes the aesth

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24

Xu, Libo, Chunhong Yuan, and Zuowen Jiang. "Multi-Strategy Enhanced Secret Bird Optimization Algorithm for Solving Obstacle Avoidance Path Planning for Mobile Robots." Mathematics 13, no. 5 (2025): 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13050717.

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Mobile robots play a pivotal role in advancing smart manufacturing technologies. However, existing Obstacle avoidance path Planning (OP) algorithms for mobile robots suffer from low stability and applicability. Therefore, this paper proposes an enhanced Secret Bird Optimization Algorithm (SBOA)-based OP algorithm for mobile robots to address these challenges, termed AGMSBOA. Firstly, an adaptive learning strategy is introduced, where individuals enhance the diversity of the algorithm’s population by summarizing relationships among candidates of varying quality, thereby strengthening the algori

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25

Borkar, Vivek S. "Erratum to “Avoidance of traps in stochastic approximation” [Systems Control Lett. 50 (2003) 1–9]." Systems & Control Letters 55, no. 2 (2006): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysconle.2005.06.008.

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26

Li, Yemei, Yanfei Shan, and Ying Chen. "Analysis of Farmland Abandonment and Government Supervision Traps in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041815.

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Farmland abandonment has become relatively common in rural China. In the context of food security, the Chinese government has introduced policies for farmland abandonment supervision, but the effect of these policies has proven to be marginal. By constructing an evolutionary game model, our research explores the evolutionary logic during the supervision of farmland abandonment by governments and rural households. The results indicate that low food yield and high opportunity costs are the leading causes of farmland abandonment. The probable punishment administered by the central government for

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27

Krivek, Gabriella, Brian Schulze, Peter Zs. Poloskei, et al. "Camera traps with white flash are a minimally invasive method for long‐term bat monitoring." Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation 8, no. 3 (2022): 284–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13486312.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Camera traps are an increasingly popular survey tool for ecological research and biodiversity conservation, but studies investigating their impact on focal individuals have been limited to only a few mammal species. In this context, echolocating bats are particularly interesting as they rely less on vision for navigation, yet show a strong negative reaction to constant illumination. At hibernacula, camera traps with white flash could offer an efficient alternative method for monitoring threatened bat species, but the potential negative impact

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28

Krivek, Gabriella, Brian Schulze, Peter Zs. Poloskei, et al. "Camera traps with white flash are a minimally invasive method for long‐term bat monitoring." Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation 8, no. 3 (2022): 284–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13486312.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Camera traps are an increasingly popular survey tool for ecological research and biodiversity conservation, but studies investigating their impact on focal individuals have been limited to only a few mammal species. In this context, echolocating bats are particularly interesting as they rely less on vision for navigation, yet show a strong negative reaction to constant illumination. At hibernacula, camera traps with white flash could offer an efficient alternative method for monitoring threatened bat species, but the potential negative impact

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29

Krivek, Gabriella, Brian Schulze, Peter Zs. Poloskei, et al. "Camera traps with white flash are a minimally invasive method for long‐term bat monitoring." Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation 8, no. 3 (2022): 284–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13486312.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Camera traps are an increasingly popular survey tool for ecological research and biodiversity conservation, but studies investigating their impact on focal individuals have been limited to only a few mammal species. In this context, echolocating bats are particularly interesting as they rely less on vision for navigation, yet show a strong negative reaction to constant illumination. At hibernacula, camera traps with white flash could offer an efficient alternative method for monitoring threatened bat species, but the potential negative impact

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30

Krivek, Gabriella, Brian Schulze, Peter Zs. Poloskei, et al. "Camera traps with white flash are a minimally invasive method for long‐term bat monitoring." Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation 8, no. 3 (2022): 284–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13486312.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Camera traps are an increasingly popular survey tool for ecological research and biodiversity conservation, but studies investigating their impact on focal individuals have been limited to only a few mammal species. In this context, echolocating bats are particularly interesting as they rely less on vision for navigation, yet show a strong negative reaction to constant illumination. At hibernacula, camera traps with white flash could offer an efficient alternative method for monitoring threatened bat species, but the potential negative impact

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31

Kavwele, Cyrus M., Johnstone K. Kimanzi, and Mwangi J. Kinyanjui. "Impacts of Bush Encroachment on Wildlife Species Diversity, Composition, and Habitat Preference in Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Laikipia, Kenya." International Journal of Ecology 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5620125.

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Savannah ecosystems are currently facing a biome shift that changes grasslands to woody dominated landscapes, attributable to habitat degradation. In Ol Pejeta Conservancy (OPC), Euclea divinorum, an unpalatable and invasive woody species, is expanding to former savannah ecosystems with potential effects on herbivores key resources, wildlife species diversity, composition, and habitat use. We investigated wildlife species diversity, composition, and habitat preference or avoidance by wildlife in the conservancy. Infrared camera traps were deployed at the centroids of 2 km by 2 km, 50 cm above

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32

Dewar-Fowler, V., C. Robinson, RA Saunders, SE Thorpe, EP Abrahamsen, and GA Tarling. "Biological indicators reveal mesozooplankton foray behaviour in dynamic physical environments: Reply to Kaartvedt et al. (2024)." Marine Ecology Progress Series 734 (April 18, 2024): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps14578.

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Kaartvedt et al. (2024; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 734:173-175) comment on the role internal waves played in the findings of Dewar-Fowler et al. (2023; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 715:27-39) that foray behaviour was present across a number of zooplankton species in the Polar Frontal Zone of the Southern Ocean. Kaartvedt et al. (2024) contend that foray behaviour may not be responsible for the capture of zooplankton by fixed-depth bi-directional net-traps because the influence of internal waves on transporting these organisms into the traps was not accounted for. In Figs. 4 & 5 of Dewar-Fowler et al. (2023),

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33

Zúñiga, A. H., F. Encina-Montoya, and J. E. Jiménez. "Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Techniques to Monitoring Two Canids in a Peri-Urban Protected Area of South-Central Chile." zoodiversity 59, no. 1 (2025): 13–20. https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2025.01.013.

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Peri-urban protected areas are continually invaded by alien species, and monitoring of these populations is important for their management. To evaluate the detectability of their performance, the use of scats and traps/cameras was compared for the monitoring of two canid species, one alien, the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) & one native, the chilla fox (Lycalopex griseus), in a protected area in central-southern Chile. This comparison was carried out for one year, and seasonal variations in the records were analysed. In the case of dogs, differences were observed between techniques

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34

Lv, Qiang, Guoqiang Hao, Zhen Huang, et al. "Localized Path Planning for Mobile Robots Based on a Subarea-Artificial Potential Field Model." Sensors 24, no. 11 (2024): 3604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113604.

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The artificial potential field method has efficient obstacle avoidance ability, but this traditional method suffers from local minima, unreasonable paths, and sudden changes in heading angles during obstacle avoidance, leading to rough paths and increased energy consumption. To enable autonomous mobile robots (AMR) to escape from local minimum traps and move along reasonable, smooth paths while reducing travel time and energy consumption, in this paper, an artificial potential field method based on subareas is proposed. First, the optimal virtual subgoal was obtained around the obstacles based

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35

Mata, Cristina, Jesús Herranz, and Juan E. Malo. "Attraction and Avoidance between Predators and Prey at Wildlife Crossings on Roads." Diversity 12, no. 4 (2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12040166.

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Wildlife passages are currently built at roads and railway lines to re-establish connectivity. However, little is known about whether predator-prey interactions may reduce the effectiveness of the crossing structures. We evaluated the co-occurrence patterns of predator-prey species-pairs at 113 crossing structures, noting their coincidence at the same structure and/or on the same day. We built occupancy models using presence-absence matrices for three prey and five predator types obtained during 2076 passage-days of monitoring. The results indicate that predators and prey do not use passages i

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36

Zakharchenko, V. "Institutional traps of land reform in the context of land ownership changes." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2 (169) (December 9, 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2021-169-2-29-40.

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The article considers topical issues of institutional support of land reform in Ukraine in the context of changes in ownership of land. The purpose of the research is to disclose the essence and significance of land ownership institutions to avoid institutional traps associated with the change of forms of land ownership at the final stage of land reform in Ukraine. It is shown that agricultural land is the largest natural wealth of Ukraine, so it should be used as rationally as possible. It is proved that the land reform was to be carried out as successfully as possible in the transition to ma

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37

Chen, Jiqing, Chenzhi Tan, Rongxian Mo, Hongdu Zhang, Ganwei Cai, and Hengyu Li. "Research on path planning of three-neighbor search A* algorithm combined with artificial potential field." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 18, no. 3 (2021): 172988142110264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17298814211026449.

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Among the shortcomings of the A* algorithm, for example, there are many search nodes in path planning, and the calculation time is long. This article proposes a three-neighbor search A* algorithm combined with artificial potential fields to optimize the path planning problem of mobile robots. The algorithm integrates and improves the partial artificial potential field and the A* algorithm to address irregular obstacles in the forward direction. The artificial potential field guides the mobile robot to move forward quickly. The A* algorithm of the three-neighbor search method performs accurate

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38

Turner, Wendy C., Kyrre L. Kausrud, Yathin S. Krishnappa, et al. "Fatal attraction: vegetation responses to nutrient inputs attract herbivores to infectious anthrax carcass sites." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1795 (2014): 20141785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1785.

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Parasites can shape the foraging behaviour of their hosts through cues indicating risk of infection. When cues for risk co-occur with desired traits such as forage quality, individuals face a trade-off between nutrient acquisition and parasite exposure. We evaluated how this trade-off may influence disease transmission in a 3-year experimental study of anthrax in a guild of mammalian herbivores in Etosha National Park, Namibia. At plains zebra ( Equus quagga ) carcass sites we assessed (i) carcass nutrient effects on soils and grasses, (ii) concentrations of Bacillus anthracis (BA) on grasses

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Stanovich, Keith E., and Maggie E. Toplak. "Actively Open-Minded Thinking and Its Measurement." Journal of Intelligence 11, no. 2 (2023): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11020027.

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Actively open-minded thinking (AOT) is measured by items that tap the willingness to consider alternative opinions, sensitivity to evidence contradictory to current beliefs, the willingness to postpone closure, and reflective thought. AOT scales are strong predictors of performance on heuristics and biases tasks and of the avoidance of reasoning traps such as superstitious thinking and belief in conspiracy theories. Nevertheless, AOT is most commonly measured with questionnaires rather than performance indicators. Questionnaire contamination becomes even more of a danger as the AOT concept is

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Zou, Kaifan, Xiaorong Guan, Zhong Li, Huibin Li, Changlong Jiang, and Zihui Zhu. "Obstacle Avoidance Path Planning of a 4-DOF Weapon Arm Based on Improved RRT (RRT-H) Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2024 (February 22, 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3866834.

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To improve soldiers’ combat capability, weapon arms have a good development prospect. However, due to special work scenarios and tasks, new requirements are exerted on. Based on the fast-expanding random tree algorithm (RRT), path algorithm optimization (RRT-H) is proposed for the path planning of weapon arms. Overall path optimization is achieved by reducing the local path length with a closer path point planning to the obstacle. In a complex environment, the RRT-H algorithm can avoid local traps by guiding the new path extension direction and exploring multiple different paths in the map. Th

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Burs, Kathrin, Lydia Möcklinghoff, Marinez Isaac Marques, and Karl-L. Schuchmann. "Spatial and Temporal Adaptations of Lowland Tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) to Environmental and Anthropogenic Impacts." Life 13, no. 1 (2022): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13010066.

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The Pantanal is one of the most conserved wetland ecosystems in Brazil and a hotspot for biodiversity. Over the last decades intensification of human activities has become a major threat to the stability of the unique landscape. To establish effective conservation actions, it is essential to understand how species respond to anthropogenic and environmental regional factors. Here, data from two multiannual camera trap studies, one in the northern Pantanal and one in the southern Pantanal, were used to investigate the effects of habitat characteristics, seasons, and human interactions on the spa

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Séquin, Eveline S., Michael M. Jaeger, Peter F. Brussard, and Reginald H. Barrett. "Wariness of coyotes to camera traps relative to social status and territory boundaries." Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 12 (2003): 2015–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-204.

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The primary objective of this study was to develop a better understanding of coyote (Canis latrans) wariness particularly as it related to social status. We determined that territory status (controlling alpha, resident beta, or nonterritorial transient) affected vulnerability to photo-capture by infrared-triggered camera systems. All coyotes were wary of cameras, leading to relatively low numbers of photo-captures, most of which occurred at night. Alphas were significantly underrepresented in photographs and were never photo-captured inside their own territories. Betas were photographed inside

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Neerendra, Kumar, and Vámossy Zoltán. "Robot navigation in unknown environment with obstacle recognition using laser sensor." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 1773–79. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1773-1779.

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Robot navigation in unknown and dynamic environments may result in aimless wandering, corner traps and repetitive path loops. To address these issues, this paper presents the solution by comparing the standard deviation of the distance ranges of the obstacles appeared in the robot navigation path. For the similar obstacles, The standard deviations of distance range vectors, obtained from the laser range finder sensor of the robot at similar pose, are very close to each other. Therefore, the measurements of odometer sensor are also combined with the standard deviation to recognize the location

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Fang, Yi-Hao, Ying Gao, Yin Yang, et al. "Effects of reflective warning markers on wildlife." PeerJ 7 (September 3, 2019): e7614. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7614.

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Light pollution has become one of the top issues in environmental pollution, especially concerning how secondary light pollution, such as from traffic reflective materials, influences animal distribution and behavior. In this study, 15 camera traps were set up at sites with or without reflective warning markers (RWM) in coniferous forests on Cangshan Mountain located in Dali Prefecture, China. The results showed that the number of independent photographs and species at sites without RWMs were significantly higher than those at sites with RWMs. Significant differences were found between daytime

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Dai, Jianlong, Yinghao Chai, and Peiyin Xiong. "Path Planning of Underground Robots via Improved A* and Dynamic Window Approach." Applied Sciences 15, no. 13 (2025): 6953. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15136953.

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This paper addresses the limitations of the A* algorithm in underground roadway path planning, such as proximity to roadway boundaries, intersection with obstacle corners, trajectory smoothness, and timely obstacle avoidance (e.g., fallen rocks, miners, and moving equipment). To overcome these challenges, we propose an improved path planning algorithm integrating an enhanced A* method with an improved Dynamic Window Approach (DWA). First, a diagonal collision detection mechanism is implemented within the A* algorithm to effectively avoid crossing obstacle corners, thus enhancing path safety. S

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Williamson, M. L. "CAPITAL GAINS TAX — PRACTICAL ISSUES." APPEA Journal 28, no. 1 (1988): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj87032.

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This paper is directed at the capital gains tax implications arising on the day-to-day transactions and events occurring within our industry.After explaining in very basic terms how CGT can be applied in our industry, I lead the oilman to an examination of more specific transactions, such as splitting tenements, renewals, extensions, subleasing and farm-outs.Some alarming issues arise that must be recognised by every 'dealsman' today. Parameters for deals are indicated along with thought processes to solve the problems to the extent they are solvable.As 19 September 1985 fades faster into the

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Parsons, Arielle Waldstein, Martin Wikelski, Brigitta Keeves von Wolff, Jan Dodel, and Roland Kays. "Intensive hunting changes human-wildlife relationships." PeerJ 10 (October 11, 2022): e14159. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14159.

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Wildlife alter their behaviors in a trade-off between consuming food and fear of becoming food themselves. The risk allocation hypothesis posits that variation in the scale, intensity and longevity of predation threats can influence the magnitude of antipredator behavioral responses. Hunting by humans represents a threat thought to be perceived by wildlife similar to how they perceive a top predator, although hunting intensity and duration varys widely around the world. Here we evaluate the effects of hunting pressure on wildlife by comparing how two communities of mammals under different mana

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Laurentino, Izabela, Rafael Sousa, Gilberto Corso, and Renata Sousa-Lima. "To eat or not to eat: ingestion and avoidance of fecal content from communal latrines of Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818)." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 14, no. 1 (2019): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5597/00248.

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Communal latrines have important biological and ecological roles for the latrine builder species and for other taxa that visit these sites and use feces to obtain nutrients and microorganisms that aid in digestion of compounds hard to process. Nonetheless, coprophagous animals must deal with the costs associated with parasites and other pathogenspresent in latrines. Parasites and pathogens are found in Neotropical otter latrines. This species is carnivorous and uses latrines for territorial marking. The objective of this study was to identify vertebrate species associated with otter latrines a

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Hongo, Shun, Yoshihiro Nakashima, Etienne François Akomo-Okoue, and Fred Loïque Mindonga-Nguelet. "Seasonality in daily movement patterns of mandrills revealed by combining direct tracking and camera traps." Journal of Mammalogy 103, no. 1 (2021): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab141.

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Abstract Movement is a fundamental characteristic of animals, but challenging to measure noninvasively. Noninvasive methods for measuring travel have different weaknesses, so multiple techniques need to be applied multiple techniques for reliable inferences. We used two methods, direct tracking and camera trapping, to examine the variation in time and seasonal differences in movement rates of mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), an elusive primate that lives in large groups in central Africa. In a 400-km2 rainforest area in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon, we tracked unidentified groups 46 tim

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Miceli, Giuseppe, Anna Maria Ciaccio, and Antonino Tuttolomondo. "From Circulating Biomarkers to Polymorphic Variants: A Narrative Review of Challenges in Thrombophilia Evaluation." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 10 (2025): 3448. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103448.

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Thrombophilia is characterized by a hypercoagulable state that predisposes individuals to venous and arterial thrombotic events, posing significant challenges for clinical evaluation and management. This narrative review critically examines the current landscape of thrombophilia testing, focusing on the utility and limitations of both circulating and genetic biomarkers. Circulating biomarkers—such as D-dimer, antithrombin, protein C, and protein S—offer dynamic insights into the coagulation process yet often suffer from low specificity in varied clinical settings. In contrast, genetic biomarke

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