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1

Mylonakis, G. "Winkler modulus for axially loaded piles." Géotechnique 51, no. 5 (June 2001): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.2001.51.5.455.

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2

Lee, S. L., Y. C. Kog, and G. P. Karunaratne. "Axially Loaded Piles in Layered Soil." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 113, no. 4 (April 1987): 366–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1987)113:4(366).

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3

ANOYATIS, G., and G. MYLONAKIS. "Dynamic Winkler modulus for axially loaded piles." Géotechnique 62, no. 6 (June 2012): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.11.p.052.

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4

Armaleh, Sonia, and C. S. Desai. "Load‐Deformation Response of Axially Loaded Piles." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 113, no. 12 (December 1987): 1483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1987)113:12(1483).

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5

Kiousis, Panos D., and Amgad S. Elansary. "Load Settlement Relation for Axially Loaded Piles." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 113, no. 6 (June 1987): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1987)113:6(655).

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6

El Naggar, M. Hesham, and Mohammed Sakr. "Cyclic response of axially loaded tapered piles." International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics 2, no. 4 (December 2002): 01–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ijpmg.2002.020401.

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7

El Naggar, M. H., and M. Sakr. "Cyclic Response of Axially Loaded Tapered Piles." International Journal of Physical Modelling in Geotechnics 2, no. 4 (December 2, 2002): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ijpmg.2002.2.4.01.

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8

Poulos, H. G. "Cyclic Stability Diagram for Axially Loaded Piles." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 114, no. 8 (August 1988): 877–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1988)114:8(877).

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9

Lee, C. Y., and J. C. Small. "Finite‐Layer Analysis of Axially Loaded Piles." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 117, no. 11 (November 1991): 1706–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1991)117:11(1706).

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10

Kagawa, Takaaki. "Dynamic Soil Reaction to Axially Loaded Piles." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 117, no. 7 (July 1991): 1001–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1991)117:7(1001).

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11

Chaney, RC, KR Demars, MH El Naggar, and JQ Wei. "Cyclic Response of Axially Loaded Tapered Piles." Geotechnical Testing Journal 23, no. 1 (2000): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj11128j.

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12

Esposito, Gennaro, Gordon A. Fenton, and Farzaneh Naghibi. "Seismic reliability of axially loaded vertical piles." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 12 (December 2020): 1805–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2019-0342.

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The reliability of single vertical pile foundations subjected to seismic loads is assessed and compared with the minimum acceptable reliability level for static load conditions mandated by the Canadian codes. The analysis is executed for a site with a mean shear-wave velocity of the top 30 m of the ground equal to 250 m/s subjected to the ground motion hazard of five Canadian cities. Using both a full probabilistic analysis and simplified probabilistic model, the results seem to indicate that the current design practice is unable to achieve the reliability target of the codes. The shortfall is particularly significant when the limiting pile settlement is relatively small. The calculated reliability level of small limiting settlements is impacted by the geotechnical variability, whereas the seismic hazard variability affects large pile limiting settlements. Finally, the simplified probabilistic model produces the same results as the full probabilistic model for large pile settlement and is a convenient tool to execute code calibration.
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13

Kog, Yue Choong. "Axially Loaded Piles in Consolidating Layered Soil." International Journal of Geomechanics 16, no. 1 (February 2016): 04015039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0000523.

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14

Mohamad Ali, Anis Abdul Khuder, Jaffar Ahemd Kadim, and Ali Hashim Mohamad. "Design Charts for Axially Loaded Single Pile Action." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 4 (April 27, 2019): 922–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091300.

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The objective of this article is to generating the design charts deals with the axially ultimate capacity of single pile action by relating the soil and pile engineering properties with the pile capacity components. The soil and are connected together by the interface finite element along pile side an on its remote end. The analysis was carried out using ABAQUS software to find the nonlinear solution of the problem. Both pile and soil were modeled with three-dimensional brick elements. The software program is verified against field load-test measurements to verify its efficiency accuracy. The concrete bored piles are used with different lengths and pile diameter is taken equals to 0.6 m. The piles were installed into a single layer of sand soil with angles of internal friction (20° t0 40°) and into a single layer of clay soil with Cohesion (24 to 96) kPa. The getting results showed that for all cases study the total compression resistance is increased as pile length increased for the same property of soil, also illustrious that the total resistance of same pile length and diameter increased as the soil strength increasing. In addition, the same results were obtained for the end bearing resistance, skin resistance and tension capacity. Design charts were constructed between different types of soil resistance ratio and the pile length/diameter ratio (L/D) for all cases of study. One of improvement found from these curves that it is cheaply using piles of larger diameter than increasing their lengths for dense sand and to increasing piles lengths for loose sand. Moreover, it is inexpensively using piles of larger length in soft clay soil than increasing their diameter and piles of larger diameter in firm and stiff clay soils than increasing their length.
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15

Zhang, Rui Kun, Ming Lei Shi, and Jin Wang. "Settlement Analysis of Single Large-Diameter and Super-Long Bored Piles in Cohesive Soils." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.320.

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The behavior of single axially loaded large-diameter and super-long bored piles have large difference to single small diameter short piles. The article analyzes the load transfer characteristic of single axially loaded large-diameter and super-long bored piles in deep soft clay in the Yangtze River Delta region. And the hybrid method of finite element analysis of rod structure coupling with the shear displacement method for single pile was utilized to simulating and predicting the single pile performance. It is verified that the settlement calculation hybrid method in this paper is reliable.
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16

Li, Zheming, Malcolm D. Bolton, and Stuart K. Haigh. "Cyclic axial behaviour of piles and pile groups in sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 49, no. 9 (September 2012): 1074–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t2012-070.

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Piled foundations are often subjected to cyclic axial loads. This is particularly true for the piles of offshore structures, which are subjected to rocking motions caused by wind or wave actions, and for those of transport structures, which are subjected to traffic loads. As a result of these cyclic loads, excessive differential or absolute settlements may be induced during the piles’ service life. In the research presented here, centrifuge modelling of single piles and pile groups was conducted to investigate the influence of cyclic axial loads on the performance of piled foundations. The influence of installation method was investigated and it was found that the cyclic response of a pile whose jacked installation was modelled correctly is much stiffer than that of a bored pile. During displacement-controlled axial load cycling, the pile head stiffness reduces with an increasing number of cycles, but at a decreasing rate; during force-controlled axial load cycling, more permanent settlement is accumulated for a bored pile than for a jacked pile. The performance of individual piles in a pile group subjected to cyclic axial loads is similar to that of a single pile, without any evident group effect. Finally, a numerical analysis of axially loaded piles was validated by centrifuge test results. Cyclic stiffness of soil at the base of pre-jacked piles increases dramatically, while at base of jacked piles it remains almost constant.
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17

Lee, C. Y., and H. G. Poulos. "Cyclic analysis of axially loaded piles in calcareous soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-008.

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This paper describes a simple nonlinear pile-soil interface model incorporated into a modified boundary element analysis to simulate the behaviour of piles in calcareous soils subjected to both static and cyclic loading. A shaft resistance degradation model and a cyclic secant soil modulus degradation model are proposed, and implemented in the nonlinear analysis. Parametric solutions are presented which examine the overall characteristics of axial pile response determined from the nonlinear analysis. Comparisons are made between the theoretical predictions and the measured results of laboratory model tests and published field tests of grouted piles in calcareous soils. These comparisons enable some conclusions to be drawn regarding the suitability of alternative nonlinear analyses. Key words : grouted piles, cyclic loading, calcareous soils, nonlinear analysis.
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18

Kraft, Leland M. "Performance of Axially Loaded Pipe Piles in Sand." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 117, no. 2 (February 1991): 272–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1991)117:2(272).

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19

Motta, Ernesto. "Approximate Elastic‐Plastic Solution for Axially Loaded Piles." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 120, no. 9 (September 1994): 1616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1994)120:9(1616).

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20

Khatri, Vishwas N., and Jyant Kumar. "Uplift Capacity of Axially Loaded Piles in Clays." International Journal of Geomechanics 11, no. 1 (February 2011): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0000064.

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21

Kodikara, J. K., and I. W. Johnston. "Analysis of compressible axially loaded piles in rock." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 18, no. 6 (June 1994): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610180606.

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22

Crispin, J. J., C. P. Leahy, and G. Mylonakis. "Winkler model for axially loaded piles in inhomogeneous soil." Géotechnique Letters 8, no. 4 (December 2018): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgele.18.00062.

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23

Kog, Yue Choong. "Centrifuge tests of axially loaded piles in consolidating soil." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering 169, no. 1 (February 2016): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.15.00067.

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24

Ali, Ahmed S., Nahla M. Salim, and Husam H. Baqir. "Numerical Modelling of Axially Loaded Helical Piles: Compressive Resistance." E3S Web of Conferences 318 (2021): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131801018.

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Helical piles are foundation systems used to support compression, tension, and lateral loads. However, this type of piles was used around the world for more than 25 years. Its behavior, especially in Iraq, is still unknown and scare. The present study is carried out by analyses of this type of pile using the finite element method. Modeling of the helical pile geometry has been proposed using the finite element through the computer program Plaxis 3D. Parametric analyses were also performed. The main parametric study is the effect of a number of the helix, spacing between helix, the helix diameter, and helix configuration. The main conclusion is that as the number of helix increases, the bearing capacity increases further more than the higher the distance between helix, the higher bearing capacity. Maximum pile capacity with the case of three-helix increased by 115.4 %compared to the case without helix. Pile capacity with the case of spacing 3.5 D reached 130.7 % compared to the case of spacing 0.5 D. The value of displacement decreased with increasing spacing between the helices, while the value of displacement increased with the decrease in the spacing between the helices for top, middle, and bottom helix.
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25

Rojas, Eduardo, Celestino Valle, and Miguel P. Romo. "Soil-Pile Interface Model for Axially Loaded Single Piles." Soils and Foundations 39, no. 4 (August 1999): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/sandf.39.4_35.

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26

Haberfield, C. M., and A. L. E. Lochaden. "Analysis and design of axially loaded piles in rock." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 11, no. 3 (June 2019): 535–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2018.10.001.

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27

Pelecanos, Loizos, Kenichi Soga, Mohammed Z. E. B. Elshafie, Nicholas de Battista, Cedric Kechavarzi, Chang Ye Gue, Yue Ouyang, and Hyung-Joon Seo. "Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing of Axially Loaded Bored Piles." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 144, no. 3 (March 2018): 04017122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001843.

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28

Guo, Wei Dong. "Visco-elastic load transfer models for axially loaded piles." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 24, no. 2 (February 2000): 135–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9853(200002)24:2<135::aid-nag56>3.0.co;2-8.

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29

Baeßler, Matthias, Werner Rücker, Pablo Cuéllar, Steven Georgi, and Krassimire Karabeliov. "Large-scale testing facility for cyclic axially loaded piles." Steel Construction 6, no. 3 (August 2013): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stco.201310028.

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30

Yaich Achour, N., and A. Bouafia. "Determination of load-transfer parameters of single piles axially loaded." MATEC Web of Conferences 11 (2014): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20141102009.

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31

Bhattacharya, S., and K. Goda. "Probabilistic buckling analysis of axially loaded piles in liquefiable soils." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 45 (February 2013): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.10.004.

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32

Anoyatis, George, and George Mylonakis. "Analytical Solution for Axially Loaded Piles in Two-Layer Soil." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 146, no. 3 (March 2020): 04020003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001724.

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33

Ni, Pengpeng, Linhui Song, Guoxiong Mei, and Yanlin Zhao. "Generalized Nonlinear Softening Load-Transfer Model for Axially Loaded Piles." International Journal of Geomechanics 17, no. 8 (August 2017): 04017019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0000899.

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34

Chin, J. T., Y. K. Chow, and H. G. Poulos. "Numerical analysis of axially loaded vertical piles and pile groups." Computers and Geotechnics 9, no. 4 (January 1990): 273–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-352x(90)90042-t.

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35

Lee, C. Y. "Discrete layer analysis of axially loaded piles and pile groups." Computers and Geotechnics 11, no. 4 (January 1991): 295–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-352x(91)90014-7.

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36

Salgado, Rodrigo, Hoyoung Seo, and Monica Prezzi. "Variational elastic solution for axially loaded piles in multilayered soil." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 37, no. 4 (November 25, 2011): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1110.

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37

Chin, J. T., and H. G. Poulos. "Axially loaded vertical piles and pile groups in layered soil." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 15, no. 7 (July 1991): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610150704.

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38

Sharnouby, Bahaa El, and Milos Novak. "Stiffness constants and interaction factors for vertical response of pile groups." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-094.

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Stiffness constants and flexibility coefficients of single piles and interaction factors are presented to facilitate the analysis of pile groups subjected to static vertical loads. A continuous transition from friction to end-bearing piles is accounted for. A new type of interaction factor, established from subgroups of five piles, is introduced for end-bearing piles. This interaction factor allows for the stiffening effect of the piles occurring between the two reference piles. This feature improves the accuracy of group analysis for end-bearing piles. Numerical results for axially loaded single piles and pile groups are presented for a wide range of pile and soil parameters. The results are applicable toboth rigid and flexible caps. Key words: piles, pile group, settlement, interaction
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39

Sedran, Gabriel, Dieter FE Stolle, and Robert G. Horvath. "An investigation of scaling and dimensional analysis of axially loaded piles." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, no. 3 (June 1, 2001): 530–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t00-122.

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This paper investigates the use of the concepts of similarity and dimensional analysis to interpret results from reduced-scale models of axially loaded piles embedded in sand. These concepts are reviewed in the light of a pile–soil system and its response to static or half-sine impulsive loading. It is suggested that constitutive similarity between model and prototype responses can be fulfilled without scaling gravity, provided that a stress scaling factor equal to one is selected. The scaling factors are validated with numerical simulations via finite element analyses by comparing the results from full-scale and special reduced-scale pile–soil models. It is also shown that a frustum confining vessel has the potential to provide more realistic scaled responses than are obtained with the classical 1g devices. A series of pile test responses are simulated for different pile lengths and different coefficients of lateral earth pressure. A set of scaling factors is presented and a particular set of dimensionally homogeneous π groups is proposed to characterize the behaviour of the pile–soil system. Simulated responses are interpreted using the proposed π groups to obtain functional relations relevant to the pile–soil problem.Key words: reduced-scale modelling, dimensional analysis, similarity, model piles, sands.
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40

Buckley, R. M., R. J. Jardine, S. Kontoe, D. Parker, and F. C. Schroeder. "Ageing and cyclic behaviour of axially loaded piles driven in chalk." Géotechnique 68, no. 2 (February 2018): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.17.p.012.

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41

Matsumoto, Tatsunori, Yuji Michi, and Tadao Hirano. "Performance of Axially Loaded Steel Pipe Piles Driven in Soft Rock." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 121, no. 4 (April 1995): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1995)121:4(305).

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42

Park, Jae Hyun, Dongwook Kim, and Choong Ki Chung. "Implementation of Bayesian theory on LRFD of axially loaded driven piles." Computers and Geotechnics 42 (May 2012): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.01.002.

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43

Vaziri, H. H., and J. Xie. "A method for analysis of axially loaded piles in nonlinear soils." Computers and Geotechnics 10, no. 2 (January 1990): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-352x(90)90004-f.

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44

Ali, Tawfek Sheer, Nassr Salman, and Mohammed K. Fakhraldin. "Effect of groundwater on the displacements of axially loaded pile in clayey soil." Pollack Periodica 17, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2021.00395.

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Abstract The displacement of a loaded pile could be vertical (axial) or horizontal (lateral); these displacements are sensitive to groundwater presence within the soil mass. This paper presents a theoretical study to investigate vertical and horizontal displacement of piles embedded in a clayey soil for different levels of groundwater under the ground surface. The study was performed using the commercial finite element package PLAXIS-3D. Three diameters of the concrete piles were considered: 0.5, 0.75 and 1 m, and were subjected to 1,000 kN axial load. The effect of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 m groundwater along the 20 m pile in length from the ground surface on the vertical and horizontal displacements was investigated. The results indicated that the vertical and horizontal displacements increase when the ground water level increases towards the base of pile. Also, there is a significant increase in the horizontal displacement up to 15 m of groundwater level from ground surface and decreased at levels from 15 to 20 m.
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45

Yoon, Sungmin, Murad Y. Abu-Farsakh, Ching Tsai, and Zhongjie Zhang. "Calibration of Resistance Factors for Axially Loaded Concrete Piles Driven into Soft Soils." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2045, no. 1 (January 2008): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2045-05.

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The evaluation of axial load resistance of piles driven into soft Louisiana soils based on reliability theory is presented. Forty-two square precast, prestressed, concrete piles that were tested to failure were included in the investigation. The predictions of pile resistances were based on static analysis (α-method for clay and Nordlund method for sand) and three cone penetration test (CPT) direct methods: the Schmertmann, De Ruiter–Beringen, and Bustamante–Gianeselli methods. In addition, dynamic measurements with signal matching analysis of pile resistances using CAPWAP, which is based on the measured force and velocity signals obtained near the pile top during driving, were evaluated. The Davisson and modified Davisson interpretation methods were used to determine the measured ultimate load-carrying resistances from pile load tests. The predicted ultimate pile resistances obtained by using the different prediction methods were compared with the measured resistances determined from pile load tests. Statistical analyses were carried out to evaluate the capability of the prediction design methods to estimate the measured ultimate pile resistance of driven piles. The results showed that the static method overpredicted the pile resistance, whereas the dynamic measurement with signal matching analysis (CAPWAP end-of-driving and 14-day beginning-of-restrike) underpredicted the pile resistance. Of the three direct CPT methods, the De Ruiter–Beringen method was the most consistent prediction method with the lowest coefficient of variation. Reliability-based analyses, by using the first-order, second-moment method, also were conducted to calibrate the resistance factors (φ) for the investigated pile design methods. The resistance factors for different design methods were determined and compared with AASHTO recommendation values. The calibration showed that De Ruiter–Beringen method has a higher resistance factor (φDe Ruiter = 0.64) than the other two CPT methods.
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46

Huh, Jung Won, and Kiseok Kwak. "Risk Assessment of Axially Loaded Single Piles using RSM-based Reliability Method." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1526–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1526.

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An efficient and accurate hybrid reliability method is developed to quantify the risk of an axially loaded pile considering pile-soil interaction behavior and uncertainties in various design variables. It intelligently integrates the concepts of the response surface method, the finite difference method, the first-order reliability method, and the iterative linear interpolation scheme. Uncertainties associated with load conditions, material and section properties of the pile and soil properties are explicitly considered. The algorithm is verified using the Monte Carlo Simulation technique.
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47

Chow, Y. K. "Axially loaded piles and pile groups embedded in a cross-anisotropic soil." Géotechnique 39, no. 2 (June 1989): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.1989.39.2.203.

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48

Lee, Joon Kyu, Su Han Park, and Youngho Kim. "Transverse free vibration of axially loaded tapered friction piles in heterogeneous soil." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 117 (February 2019): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.11.012.

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49

Ashour, Mohamed, and Amr Helal. "Pre-Liquefaction and Post-Liquefaction Responses of Axially Loaded Piles in Sands." International Journal of Geomechanics 17, no. 9 (September 2017): 04017073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0000968.

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50

Fan, Haijian, and Robert Liang. "Importance sampling based algorithm for efficient reliability analysis of axially loaded piles." Computers and Geotechnics 65 (April 2015): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.01.005.

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