Academic literature on the topic 'Axiom of choice'

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Journal articles on the topic "Axiom of choice"

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MORILLON, MARIANNE. "MULTIPLE CHOICES IMPLY THE INGLETON AND KREIN–MILMAN AXIOMS." Journal of Symbolic Logic 85, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsl.2019.48.

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AbstractIn set theory without the Axiom of Choice, we consider Ingleton’s axiom which is the ultrametric counterpart of the Hahn–Banach axiom. We show that in ZFA, i.e., in the set theory without the Axiom of Choice weakened to allow “atoms,” Ingleton’s axiom does not imply the Axiom of Choice (this solves in ZFA a question raised by van Rooij, [27]). We also prove that in ZFA, the “multiple choice” axiom implies the Krein–Milman axiom. We deduce that, in ZFA, the conjunction of the Hahn–Banach, Ingleton and Krein–Milman axioms does not imply the Axiom of Choice.
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van Lambalgen, Michiel. "Independence, randomness and the axiom of choice." Journal of Symbolic Logic 57, no. 4 (December 1992): 1274–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2275368.

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AbstractWe investigate various ways of introducing axioms for randomness in set theory. The results show that these axioms, when added to ZF, imply the failure of AC. But the axiom of extensionality plays an essential role in the derivation, and a deeper analysis may ultimately show that randomness is incompatible with extensionality.
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Halbeisen, Lorenz, and Saharon Shelah. "Relations Between Some Cardinals in the Absence of the Axiom of Choice." Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 7, no. 2 (June 2001): 237–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2687776.

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AbstractIf we assume the axiom of choice, then every two cardinal numbers are comparable. In the absence of the axiom of choice, this is no longer so. For a few cardinalities related to an arbitrary infinite set, we will give all the possible relationships between them, where possible means that the relationship is consistent with the axioms of set theory. Further we investigate the relationships between some other cardinal numbers in specific permutation models and give some results provable without using the axiom of choice.
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Campbell, Donald E. "Arrow's choice axiom." Economics Letters 44, no. 4 (April 1994): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(94)90107-4.

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Luce, R. "Luce's choice axiom." Scholarpedia 3, no. 12 (2008): 8077. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.8077.

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Liao, Yu-Hsien. "Relative Symmetric Reductions under Multi-Choice Non-Transferable-Utility Situations." Mathematics 10, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10050682.

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In many game-theoretical results, the reduction axiom and its converse have been regarded as important requirements under axiomatic processes for solutions. However, it is shown that the replicated core counters a specific (inferior) converse reduction axiom under multi-choice non-transferable-utility situations. Thus, two modified reductions and relative properties of the reduction axiom and its converse are proposed to characterize the replicated core in this article.The main methods and relative results are as follows. First, two different types of reductions are proposed by focusing on both participants and participation levels under relative symmetric reducing behavior. Further, relative reduction axioms and their converse are adopted to characterize the replicated core.
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Pallares Vega, Ivonne. "Sets, Properties and Truth Values: A Category-Theoretic Approach to Zermelo’s Axiom of Separation." Athens Journal of Philosophy 1, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 135–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajphil.1-3-2.

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In 1908 the German mathematician Ernst Zermelo gave an axiomatization of the concept of set. His axioms remain at the core of what became to be known as Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. There were two axioms that received diverse criticisms at the time: the axiom of choice and the axiom of separation. This paper centers around one question this latter axiom raised. The main purpose is to show how this question might be solved with the aid of another, more recent mathematical theory of sets which, like Zermelo’s, has numerous philosophical underpinnings. Keywords: properties of sets, foundations of mathematics, axiom of separation, subobject classifier, truth values
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Dihoum, Eman, and Michael Rathjen. "Preservation of choice principles under realizability." Logic Journal of the IGPL 27, no. 5 (February 8, 2019): 746–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jigpal/jzz002.

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AbstractEspecially nice models of intuitionistic set theories are realizability models $V({\mathcal A})$, where $\mathcal A$ is an applicative structure or partial combinatory algebra. This paper is concerned with the preservation of various choice principles in $V({\mathcal A})$ if assumed in the underlying universe $V$, adopting Constructive Zermelo–Fraenkel as background theory for all of these investigations. Examples of choice principles are the axiom schemes of countable choice, dependent choice, relativized dependent choice and the presentation axiom. It is shown that any of these axioms holds in $V(\mathcal{A})$ for every applicative structure $\mathcal A$ if it holds in the background universe.1 It is also shown that a weak form of the countable axiom of choice, $\textbf{AC}^{\boldsymbol{\omega , \omega }}$, is rendered true in any $V(\mathcal{A})$ regardless of whether it holds in the background universe. The paper extends work by McCarty (1984, Realizability and Recursive Mathematics, PhD Thesis) and Rathjen (2006, Realizability for constructive Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory. In Logic Colloquium 03, pp. 282–314).
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Blavatskyy, Pavlo R. "Dual choice axiom and probabilistic choice." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 61, no. 1 (August 2020): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-020-09332-7.

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Doğan, Battal. "How to Control Controlled School Choice: Comment." American Economic Review 107, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 1362–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20160913.

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Echenique and Yenmez (2015), in Theorem 2, characterize choice rules that are “generated by reserves for the priority.” We show that the “only if” part is not correct. We exhibit a choice rule that is generated by reserves for the priority but violates one of their axioms. We reformulate the axiom and repair the result. (JEL D47, H75, I21, I28)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Axiom of choice"

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Allen, Cristian. "The Axiom of Choice." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2145.

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We will discuss the 9th axiom of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with choice, which is often abbreviated ZFC, since it includes the axiom of choice (AC). AC is a controversial axiom that is mathematically equivalent to many well known theorems and has an interesting history in set theory. This thesis is a combination of discussion of the history of the axiom and the reasoning behind why the axiom is controversial. This entails several proofs of theorems that establish the fact that AC is equivalent to such theorems and notions as Tychonoff's Theorem, Zorn's Lemma, the Well-Ordering Theorem, and many more.
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Pace, Dennis. "Axiom of Choice: Equivalences and Applications." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1340993084.

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Kleppmann, Philipp. "Free groups and the axiom of choice." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/253759.

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The Nielsen-Schreier theorem states that subgroups of free groups are free. As all of its proofs use the Axiom of Choice, it is natural to ask whether the theorem is equivalent to the Axiom of Choice. Other questions arise in this context, such as whether the same is true for free abelian groups, and whether free groups have a notion of dimension in the absence of Choice. In chapters 1 and 2 we define basic concepts and introduce Fraenkel-Mostowski models. In chapter 3 the notion of dimension in free groups is investigated. We prove, without using the full Axiom of Choice, that all bases of a free group have the same cardinality. In contrast, a closely related statement is shown to be equivalent to the Axiom of Choice. Schreier graphs are used to prove the Nielsen-Schreier theorem in chapter 4. For later reference, we also classify Schreier graphs of (normal) subgroups of free groups. Chapter 5 starts with an analysis of the use of the Axiom of Choice in the proof of the Nielsen-Schreier theorem. Then we introduce representative functions - a tool for constructing choice functions from bases. They are used to deduce the finite Axiom of Choice from Nielsen-Schreier, and to prove the equivalence of a strong form of Nielsen-Schreier and the Axiom of Choice. Using Fraenkel-Mostowski models, we show that Nielsen-Schreier cannot be deduced from the Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem. Chapter 6 explores properties of free abelian groups that are similar to those considered in chapter 5. However, the commutative setting requires new ideas and different proofs. Using representative functions, we deduce the Axiom of Choice for pairs from the abelian version of the Nielsen-Schreier theorem. This implication is shown to be strict by proving that it doesn't follow from the Boolean Prime Ideal Theorem. We end with a section on potential applications to vector spaces.
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Hörngren, Gustav. "From the Axiom of Choice to Tychono ’s Theorem." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-44729.

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A topological space X, is shown to be compact if and only if every net in X has a cluster point. If s is a net in a product Q 2A X, where each Xis a compact topological space, then, for every subset B of A, such that the restriction of s to B has a cluster point in the partial product Q 2B X, it is found that the restriction of s to B [ fg – extending B by one element 2 A n B – has a cluster point in its respective partial product Q 2B[fg X, as well. By invoking Zorn’s lemma, the whole of s can be shown to have a cluster point. It follows that the product of any family of compact topological spaces is compact with respect to the product topology. This is Tychono’s theorem. The aim of this text is to set forth a self contained presentation of this proof. Extra attention is given to highlight the deep dependency on the axiom of choice.
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Törnkvist, Robin. "Tychonoff's theorem and its equivalence with the axiom of choice." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-107423.

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In this essay we give an elementary introduction to topology so that we can prove Tychonoff’s theorem, and also its equivalence with the axiom of choice.
Denna uppsats tillhandahåller en grundläggande introduktion till topologi för att sedan bevisa Tychonoff’s theorem, samt dess ekvivalens med urvalsaxiomet.
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Andersen, Michael Steven. "The Existence of a Discontinuous Homomorphism Requires a Strong Axiom of Choice." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4299.

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Conner and Spencer used ultrafilters to construct homomorphisms between fundamental groups that could not be induced by continuous functions between the underlying spaces. We use methods from Shelah and Pawlikowski to prove that Conner and Spencer could not have constructed these homomorphisms with a weak version of the Axiom of Choice. This led us to define and examine a class of pathological objects that cannot be constructed without a strong version of the Axiom of Choice, which we call the class of inscrutable objects. Objects that do not need a strong version of the Axiom of Choice are scrutable. We show that the scrutable homomorphisms from the fundamental group of a Peano continuum are exactly the homomorphisms induced by a continuous function.We suspect that any proposed theorem whose proof does not use a strong Axiom of Choice cannot have an inscrutable counterexample.
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Santos, Magnun César Nascimento dos. "Principais Axiomas da Matemática." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7529.

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The main objective of this work is showing the importance of systems axiomatic in mathematics. We will study some classic axioms, their equivalence and we will see some applications of them.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma abordagem sobre a importância de sistemas axiomáticos na Matemática. Estudaremos alguns axiomas clássicos, suas equivalências e veremos algumas aplicações dos mesmos.
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Hindlycke, Christoffer. "The relative consistency of the Axiom of Choice and the Generalized Continuum Hypothesis with the Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms: The constructible sets L." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Algebra och geometri, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-329024.

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Chad, Ben. "Two-point sets." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589611.

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This thesis concerns two-point sets, which are subsets of the real plane which intersect every line in exactly two points. The existence of two-point sets was first shown in 1914 by Mazukiewicz, and since this time, the properties of these objects have been of great intrigue to mathematicians working in both topology and set theory. Arguably, the most famous problem about two-point sets is concerned with their so-called "descriptive complexity"; it remains open, and it appears to be deep. An informal interpretation of the problem, which traces back at least to Erdos, is: The term "two-point" set can be defined in a way that it is easily understood by someone with only a limited amount of mathemat- ical training. Even so, how hard is it to construct a two-point set? Can one give an effective algorithm which describes precisely how to do so? More formally, Erdos wanted to know if there exists a two-point set which is a Borel subset of the plane. An essential tool in showing the existence of a two-point set is the Axiom of Choice, an axiom which is taken to be one of the basic truths of mathematics.
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Barret, Martine. "Etats, idéaux et axiomes de choix." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0025/document.

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On travaille dans ZF, théorie des ensembles sans Axiome du Choix. En considérant des formes plus faibles de l'Axiome du choix, comme l'axiome de Hahn-Banach HB : "Toute forme linéaire sur un sous-espace vectoriel d'un espace vectoriel E, majorée par une forme sous-linéaire p se prolonge en une forme linéaire sur E majorée par p'', ou encore l'axiome de Tychonov T2 : "Un produit de compacts séparés est compact'', on étudie l'existence d'états dans les groupes ordonnés avec unité d'ordre. On poursuit l'étude en établissant des liens entre idéaux à gauche et états sur les C*-algèbres
We work in ZF, set theory without Axiom of Choice. Using weak forms of Axiom of Choice, for example Hahn-Banach axiom HB : "Every linear form on a vector subspaceof a vector space E, increased by a sublinear form p can be extended to a linear form on E increased by p", or Tychonov axiom T2 : "Every product of compact Haussdorf is compact, we study the existence of states on ordered groups with order unit. We continue giving links between left ideals and states on C*-algebras
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Books on the topic "Axiom of choice"

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Kulicki, Piotr. Aksjomatyczne systemy rachunku nazw. Lublin: Wydawn. KUL, 2011.

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The axiom of choice. London: College Publications, 2009.

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The axiom of choice. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2008.

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Howard, Paul. Consequences of the axiom of choice. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 1998.

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E, Rubin Jean, ed. Equivalents of the axiom of choice, II. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1985.

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Logicheskie metody issledovanii͡a︡ diskretnykh modeleĭ vybora. Moskva: "Nauka," Glav. red. fiziko-matematicheskoĭ litry, 1989.

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Xuan ze gong li. Beijing: Ren min chu ban she, 2003.

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A, Kossov O., ed. Problema vybora i nechetkie mnozhestva. Moskva: Vses. nauchno-issl. in-t sistemnykh issledovaniĭ, 1987.

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1946-, Berezovskiĭ B. A., Krasnoshchekov P. S, and Institut problem upravlenii͡a︡ (Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR), eds. Mnogokriterialʹnai͡a︡ optimizat͡s︡ii͡a︡: Matematicheskie aspekty. Moskva: "Nauka", 1989.

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Blass, Andreas. Freyd's models for the independence of the axiom of choice. Providence, R.I., USA: American Mathematical Society, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Axiom of choice"

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Rana, Inder. "Axiom of choice." In Graduate Studies in Mathematics, 389–90. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/gsm/045/13.

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Çevik, Ahmet. "Axiom of Choice." In Philosophy of Mathematics, 185–204. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003223191-12.

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Krantz, Steven G. "The Axiom of Choice." In Handbook of Logic and Proof Techniques for Computer Science, 121–26. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0115-1_9.

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Halbeisen, Lorenz J. "The Axiom of Choice." In Springer Monographs in Mathematics, 101–41. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2173-2_5.

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Stillwell, John. "The Axiom of Choice." In Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, 149–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01577-4_7.

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Lipton, Richard J., and Kenneth W. Regan. "Thomas Jech: The Axiom of Choice." In People, Problems, and Proofs, 195–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41422-0_37.

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Engeler, Erwin. "Axiom of Choice and Continuum Hypothesis." In Foundations of Mathematics, 37–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78052-3_5.

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Herrlich, Horst. "Compactness and the Axiom of Choice." In Categorical Topology, 1–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0263-3_1.

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Adamson, Iain T. "Equivalents of the Axiom of Choice." In A Set Theory Workbook, 59–62. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-8138-8_11.

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Just, Winfried, and Martin Weese. "Versions of the Axiom of Choice." In Graduate Studies in Mathematics, 129–53. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/gsm/008/10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Axiom of choice"

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Cerioli, Márcia R., Renata de Freitas, and Petrucio Viana. "Another Calculational Proof of Cantor's Theorem." In Workshop Brasileiro de Lógica. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wbl.2022.223244.

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E. Dijkstra and J. Misra [American Mathematical Monthly, 108:440–443 (2001)] presented a calculational proof of Cantor's Theorem. Their proof is based essentially on the Axiom of Choice. In this note, we present another calculational proof which does not appeal, at least directly, to the Axiom of Choice. Our proof is based only on logical steps and a heuristic guidance analogous to the one used by Dijkstra and Misra in their proof.
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Kirst, Dominik, and Felix Rech. "The generalised continuum hypothesis implies the axiom of choice in Coq." In CPP '21: 10th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3437992.3439932.

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Fu, Yaoshun, Tianyu Sun, and Wensheng Yu. "A Formal Proof in Coq of Cantor-Bernstein-Schroeder’s Theorem without axiom of choice." In 2019 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac48633.2019.8996365.

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Lv, Hongwei, Jia Liu, Yaoshun Fu, and Wensheng Yu. "Machine proof of Equivalence between Axiom of Choice and Product Theorem of Standard Family Sets." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering and Computer Applications (AEECA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aeeca49918.2020.9213659.

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Tate, Derrick, Timothy T. Maxwell, Bharatendra S. Sharma, and Kunal Patil. "Selection of Vehicle Architecture for EcoCAR Competition Using Axiomatic Design Principles." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-29103.

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Axiomatic design (AD) techniques have not previously been applied in designing the overall architecture of an automobile. The present work investigates use of axiomatic design concepts for vehicle design in the Texas Tech University Eco-CAR program. The three different architectures considered are fuel cell, two-mode hybrid, and belt alternator/starter system (BAS+). The objective in using axiomatic design methods is to choose an architecture for the EcoCAR competition vehicle that follows the principles of axiomatic design, and in turn, should prove to be the best choice of vehicle architecture among the three considered. Function means trees (FMT) and design matrices (DM) are constructed for each of the architectures and are used in deciding whether the architecture is a coupled, uncoupled, or decoupled design per the independence axiom. The choice is supported by means of simulation results obtained for each architecture. Finally, a two-mode hybrid architecture is selected based on the use of axiomatic design and the simulation results.
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Rursch, Julie A., and Andy Luse. "The Group Level Contextual Support of IT Self-Efficacy on Individual's Choice to Major in IT: A Multilevel Examination of the Rising Tide Raises All Boats Axiom." In 2019 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie43999.2019.9028472.

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Nandy, Paromita. "Ratiocinate the Sociocultural Habits of Bengali Diaspora Residing in Kerala: A Linguistic Anthropology Study." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.6-2.

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The paper alludes to the study of how humans relocate themselves with cultural practice and its particular axiom, which embrace the meaning and value of how material and intellectual resource are embedded in culture. The study stimulates the cultural anthropology of the Bengali (Indo-Aryan, Eastern India) diaspora in Kerala (South India) that is dynamic and which keeps changing with the environment, keeping in mind a constant examination of group rituals, traditions, eating habits and communication. Languages are always in a state of flux, as are societies, and society contains customs and practices, beliefs, attitudes, way of life and the way people organize themselves as a group. The study scrutinizes the relationship between language and culture of Bengali people while fraternizing with Malayalee which encapsulates cultural knowledge and locates this in the interactions among members of varied cultural groups across time and space. This is influenced by that Bengali diasporic people change across generations owing to cultural gaps and remodeling of language and culture. The study investigates how a social group, having different cultural habits, manages time and space of a new and diverse sociopolitical situation. Moreover, it also investigates the language behaviour of the Bengali diaspora in Kerala by analyzing the linguistic features of Malayalam (Dravidian) spoken, such as how they express their cultural codes in different spatiotemporal conditions and their lexical choice in those situations.
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Boixel, Arthur, Ulle Endriss, and Oliviero Nardi. "Displaying Justifications for Collective Decisions." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/847.

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We present an online demonstration tool illustrating a general approach to computing justifications for accepting a given decision when confronted with the preferences of several agents. Such a justification consists of a set of axioms providing a normative basis for the decision, together with a step-by-step explanation of how those axioms determine the decision. Our open-source implementation may also prove useful for realising other kinds of projects in computational social choice, particularly those requiring access to a SAT solver.
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Haret, Adrian, Hossein Khani, Stefano Moretti, and Meltem Öztürk. "Ceteris paribus majority for social ranking." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/42.

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We study the problem of finding a social ranking over individuals given a ranking over coalitions formed by them. We investigate the use of a ceteris paribus majority principle as a social ranking solution inspired from the classical axioms of social choice theory. Faced with a Condorcet-like paradox, we analyze the consequences of restricting the domain according to an adapted version of single-peakedness. We conclude with a discussion on different interpretations of incompleteness of the ranking over coalitions and its exploitation for defining new social rankings, providing a new rule as an example.
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Evsikov, I., Petr Popikov, Natal'ya Evsikova, and Nina Kamalova. "APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF MECHANICS IN MODELING OF FOREST HYDROMANIPULATORS." In PHYSICAL BASIS OF MODERN SCIENCE-INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGIES. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/pfmsit2022_68-73.

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Computer modeling is widely used to solve the problems of technical modernization of mechanisms. The basic axioms of the models are based on the fundamental laws of physics. The paper shows the application of the laws of mechanics in the formation of a model for analyzing the dynamics of the boom of a forestry manipulator in order to find the optimal modernization of its mechanism. The results of the compiled on the basis of the model computer program showed that the choice of hydraulic cylinder layout affects the magnitude of the maximum bursts of pressure of the working fluid and the maximum load.
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