Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aza composes'
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POITEVIN, CHRISTOPHE. "Synthese de composes aza spiraniques." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066786.
Full textBanaszak, Estelle. "Synthèse organométallique de composés bicycliques aza-π-déficients d'intérêt biologique potentiel." Nancy 1, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2007_0007_BANASZAK.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents two principles aspects: the first one consists in a regioselective metallation methodologic study of aza-π-deficients systems, and the second one, in the synthesis of highly biological interest scaffolds by organometallic way and / or transition metals couplings. So, in a first chapter, we describe the different results of the reaction between the superbasic complex [n-BuLi / LiDMAE] on π-deficient systems such as 7-azaindole or pyrazine. We also present results of other but close superbasic systems [s-BuLi / LiDMAE], [t-BuLi / LiDMAE], [LDA / LiDMAE], [LTMP / LiDMAE] on a model substrate: 3-chloropyridine. Indeed, this substrate allowed us to study regioselectivity and Basicity / Nucleophilicity ratio aspects. The second part of this thesis describes the synthesis of functionalised and functionalisable bicyclic targets especially containing a nitrogen atom such as pyrano[3,2-b]pyridine and oxepino[3,2-b]pyridine using an organometallic way, followed by transition metal couplings and ring closing metathesis. For this last step, we studied the efficiency of first and second generation Grubbs’ catalysts, comparing each, and optimising for each the yield of product obtained compared to the amount of catalyst introduced. Finally, we envisioned the formation of thieno[3,2-b]pyridines functionalised and functionalisable by regioselective lithiation of 3-methylthiopyridine followed by Sonogashira coupling and electrophilic cyclisation
Oueslati, Issam. "Synthèse de calix[4] (aza) couronnés et étude de leurs propriétés extractantes et complexantes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13004.
Full textOur work reports the synthesis of Calix[4](aza)crowns and the study of their complexation and extraction properties towards Alkaline-earth, Transition Metals and Rare-earth cations. The selective synthesis of starting materials (mono -, di -, tri- and tetra-methylester derivatives of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene) was followed by the preparation of bridged Calix[4]arenes with azaethylene or azapropylene chain, and their corresponding mono- and di-methylester derivatives. The intercalation of CH2NHCH2 or CH2N(CH3)CH2 group on azaethylene chain and their O-methylation was achieved. The introduction of a "tren" and a double bridge led to tripodal Calix[4]arene and Calix[4]bis-(aza)crown respectively. A complementary study limited to 1,3-dimethylester-2,4-dimethoxy-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene lighten, both, the effect of the complexed cation and solvent polarity on ligand conformation. Furthermore, a competitive complexation and extraction study of alkali cations was run to predict complex stabilities. This study illustrates the first concrete case for which 1H NMR spectroscopy identifies, at the same time, the nature of the complexed cation and the formed complex, and gives rise to a new methodology of complex identification. Results of cation complexation and extraction study showed a pronounced Cu2+ selectivity that can lead to environmental and industrial applications, and allowed to discuss the influence of introducing methylester groups on Calix[4](aza)crowns' lower rim. The effect of cyclisation, the size, nature and disposition of azacrown chains was also investigated on their ion-binding behaviour. However, coordination chemistry of these receptors was discussed. The 1,2- and 1,3- disposition of azacrown chains creates an adequate cavity for transition metals, whereas the 1,2- and 3,4- disposition is adequate for Rare-earth which are strongly complexed. Moreover, a cooperative effect was observed between the two azacrown bridges
Horeau, Maxime. "Synthèse de dérivés poly-aza-hétérocycliques pour une application en chimie supramoléculaire." Nantes, 2015. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=6b0d83b1-eafe-434b-8763-58a9aa87721f.
Full textAza-aromatic oligoamide foldamers self-organise in helical structures and can find an application in the field of molecular recognition. Single-stranded helices with a wide diameter at their centre and a shortened diameter at their extremities define a central cavity isolated from external medium and covered with hydrogen bonding acceptors and donors, which allow guest molecules to be encapsulated. This thesis aim at the elaboration of original foldamers whose helical structure, required for molecular recognition, will be induced through metal coordination. This conformational change is based on the presence of a carefully designed central linker that acts as a molecular hinge. The key linker studied in this work is a pyridazinepyridine-pyridazine compound introduced in two oligoamide sequences in order to generate two model foldamers. After the description of the synthesis of these targets, their complexation to several metals has been studied. The concept of molecular hinge, allowing to induce the helical structure in a totally controlled manner, has been validated. In order to conclude this work, an encapsulation study of several guest molecules has been conducted on this new generation of foldamer. Another aspect addressed in this thesis is the design and the synthesis of a high molecular weight foldamer, spontaneously helically folded, and possessing an enlarged cavity to anticipate the encapsulation of large substrates
Salaün, Arnaud. "Synthèse et étude conformationnelle des aza-β3-peptides et de leurs dérivés macrocycliques." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S147.
Full textCochennec, Corine. "De l'ortho-lithiation de dérivés iodés aza-aromatiques en général, et de l'application à la synthèse de 2,9-diazaphénanthrènes en particulier." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES046.
Full textCrestey, François. "Conception, synthèse et études physico-chimiques d'indazoles pluri-fonctionnalisés comme aza-analogues de substances naturelles." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2055.
Full textThe indazole nucleus is certainly the less studied heterocyclic scaffold to prepare new valuable building-blocks in medicinal chemistry. As a part of a research program on the synthesis and pharmacological properties of 2-azabioisosters of tryptamine, melatonine and serotonine, the synthesis of 2-azatryptophans was developed with various strategies : the nucleophilic substitution of a 3-bromomethylindazole with a functionalized acetamidomalonate to obtain either the amino ester or the amino acid according the treatment, the Heck cross-coupling reaction of protected 3-iodoindazoles and methyl 2-(acetylamino)acrylate, and the synthesis of 3-formylindazoles which reacted on a correctly functionnalized phosphonate in a Wittig-Horner reaction. With this last strategy a key compound was study to allow the design and synthesis of a new 3-ketoindazole librarie by a direct conversion of N-methoxy-N-methylamides (Weinreb amides) to ketones. Furthermore to develop new organoboron compounds in organic chemistry, the reaction of various protected halogenoindazoles into the corresponding boronates was studied. Their usefulness were studied in Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions and in the hydroxydeboronation. And then the triple reactivity of dihalogenoindazoles to design new indazole libraries was developed, in particulary with sequential Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions
Quintino, Michelle Pereira. "Reatividade de heterociclos nitrogenados obtidos via aza-anelação formal [3+3] de enaminonas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10059.
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CAPES
A síntese de biciclos nitrogenados tem atraído muita atenção na área de síntese orgânica devido à diversidade de atividades biológicas observadas em compostos que possuem esses núcleos, os alcalóides. Recentemente foi desenvolvida uma nova metodologia para a síntese de biciclos 2-piridonas, via reação de aza-anelação formal [3+3] de enaminonas utilizando o derivado metoximetilênico do ácido de Meldrum. Com isso, foram propostas modificações estruturais nesses biciclos, como reações de esterificação e hidrólise das porções ácido e éster dos biciclos 2-piridonas, reação de descarboxilação, substituição da porção ácido carboxílico por amina (Rearranjo de Curtius) ou por bromo (Reação de Hunsdiecker), síntese de acil hidrazinas, e reações de redução. Foi esse estudo foi possível uma melhor compreensão da sua reatividade, uma vez que modificações seletivas, nos substituintes reativos dos núcleos 2-piridonas, foram observadas. Os resultados levaram à obtenção de compostos inéditos, com diferentes funcionalizações, e para o caso de reações envolvendo compostos quirais, as purezas ópticas foram mantidas, com rendimentos de moderados a bons. O produto da reação de redução forneceu um intermediário avançado para a síntese do alcalóide taxiromina
Salvador
Gautheron-Chapoulaud, Valérie. "Etude de la métallation du cycle benzénique de benzodiazines. Synthèse de composés aux propriétés électro-optiques. Synthèse d'un aza-BINAP." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES082.
Full textSilva, Bruno Henrique Sacoman Torquato da [UNESP]. "Estudo sobre o uso de compostos de nióbio em reações multicomponentes de aza-Diels-Alder." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99703.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
As reações multicomponentes (RMCs) são geralmente definidas como um processo em que três ou mais reagentes combinam-se, em um mesmo pot reacional, para formar um produto que tenha características estruturais de cada reagente utilizado, gerando produtos com uma boa complexidade estrutural em apenas uma etapa. Com base nisto este trabalho tem como objetivo a utilização de diferentes compostos de Nióbio como agente promotor de RMC de aza-Diels-Alder. O pentacloreto de nióbio promove a síntese de diferentes derivados de tetrahidroquinolinas através de reação de derivados de anilina e benzaldeíd e diferentes éteres enólicos cíclicos (di-hidropiano e di-hidrofurano), com baixos tempos reacionais, altos rendimentos e com ótimo excesso diastereoisométricos. Foi estudada também, a utilização do pentaetóxido de nióbio na síntese de derivados de cetoaminas bicíclicas através da RMC entre derivados de anilina, benzaldeído e 2 ciclo-hexenona. A reação foi promovida em moderados tempos reacionais, obtendo-se os produtos com altos rendimentos e com moderados excesso diastereoisoméricos, em condições reacionais brandas. Paralelamente aos estudos com os compostos de nióbio, foram realizados estudos de elucidação estrutural de alguns derivados de tetra-hidroquinolinas sintetizados, utilizando técnicas de RMN e cálculos teóricos
The multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are defined as a process wherein three or more reactants combine, in the same reaction pot to form a product that contains the structural characteristics of each reagent utilized, forming products with a good structural complexity in one steep. The aim of this work is the utilization of different niobium compounds as promoter of aza-Diels-Alder MCRs. The Niobium pentachloire promotes the synthesis of different tetrahydriquinolines derivatives through of reaction between anline derivatives, benzaldehyde and different cyclic enolic ethers (dihydropyran and dihydrofuran), with low reaction times, high yields and with great diastereoisomeric ratio. Was studied too, the utilization of niobium pentaethoxide in the synthesis of bicyclic ketamine derivatives through the MCR between anline derivatives, benzaldehyde and cyclohexenone. The reaction was promoted in moderate reaction times, obtaining the products with high yields and with moderate diastereoisomeric ratio, in mild reaction conditions. At the same time of the studies with niobium compounds, were realized studies of unequivocal structural elucidation of some tetrahydroquinoline derivatives synthetized, utilizing NMR techniques and theoretical calculations
Silva, Bruno Henrique Sacoman Torquato da. "Estudo sobre o uso de compostos de nióbio em reações multicomponentes de aza-Diels-Alder /." Bauru, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99703.
Full textBanca: Paulo Marcos Donaté
Banca: Eduardo René Perez Gonzalez
O Programa da Pós Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais, PosMat, tem carater institucional e integra as atividades de pesquisa em materiais de diversos campi
Resumo: As reações multicomponentes (RMCs) são geralmente definidas como um processo em que três ou mais reagentes combinam-se, em um mesmo "pot" reacional, para formar um produto que tenha características estruturais de cada reagente utilizado, gerando produtos com uma boa complexidade estrutural em apenas uma etapa. Com base nisto este trabalho tem como objetivo a utilização de diferentes compostos de Nióbio como agente promotor de RMC de aza-Diels-Alder. O pentacloreto de nióbio promove a síntese de diferentes derivados de tetrahidroquinolinas através de reação de derivados de anilina e benzaldeíd e diferentes éteres enólicos cíclicos (di-hidropiano e di-hidrofurano), com baixos tempos reacionais, altos rendimentos e com ótimo excesso diastereoisométricos. Foi estudada também, a utilização do pentaetóxido de nióbio na síntese de derivados de cetoaminas bicíclicas através da RMC entre derivados de anilina, benzaldeído e 2 ciclo-hexenona. A reação foi promovida em moderados tempos reacionais, obtendo-se os produtos com altos rendimentos e com moderados excesso diastereoisoméricos, em condições reacionais brandas. Paralelamente aos estudos com os compostos de nióbio, foram realizados estudos de elucidação estrutural de alguns derivados de tetra-hidroquinolinas sintetizados, utilizando técnicas de RMN e cálculos teóricos
Abstract: The multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are defined as a process wherein three or more reactants combine, in the same reaction "pot" to form a product that contains the structural characteristics of each reagent utilized, forming products with a good structural complexity in one steep. The aim of this work is the utilization of different niobium compounds as promoter of aza-Diels-Alder MCRs. The Niobium pentachloire promotes the synthesis of different tetrahydriquinolines derivatives through of reaction between anline derivatives, benzaldehyde and different cyclic enolic ethers (dihydropyran and dihydrofuran), with low reaction times, high yields and with great diastereoisomeric ratio. Was studied too, the utilization of niobium pentaethoxide in the synthesis of bicyclic ketamine derivatives through the MCR between anline derivatives, benzaldehyde and cyclohexenone. The reaction was promoted in moderate reaction times, obtaining the products with high yields and with moderate diastereoisomeric ratio, in mild reaction conditions. At the same time of the studies with niobium compounds, were realized studies of unequivocal structural elucidation of some tetrahydroquinoline derivatives synthetized, utilizing NMR techniques and theoretical calculations
Mestre
Barroso, Márcia Teixeira. "Estudo da reatividade de 1-azirinas-3-carbofuncionalizadas frente a diazois e alcoois : obtenção de 2-aza-1, 3-dienos." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250632.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Chi, Hung Nguyen. "Synthèse et étude de nouveaux analogues tetracycliques et tricycliques des ellipticines et aza-9 ellipticines." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112290.
Full textThis work concerns the synthesis of new tetracyclic and tricyclic analogues of Ellipticines and 9-aza Ellipticines. The lithiation of furo- and pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridines and subsequent condensation of the lithiated species with various electrophiles leads to 2-functionnalized derivatives of these heterocycles. Starting from the newly obtained intermediates, pyrido (4,3-b] benzo [f] indole and pyrida (3',4' : 4,5] pyrrolo ,[3,2-c] pyridine 1 -Chloro derivatives have been synthesized by multistep sequences (Chapters I,II and III). In chapter IV, a general route to 4-hydroxy (and 4-amino) 5-alkyl -1H- 2-Pyridones is described. Starting from 4-hydroxy 5- methyl -1H- 2-Pyridone, pyrido [3',4' : 4,5 ]- pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridines have then been obtained by a second route which is more general and convenient that the preceding one (Chapter V). Between various pyridopyrrolopyridines which have a dialkylaminoalkylamino side chain at their 1-position, several have shown interesting antitumor properties
Michaut, Valérie. "Comportement nucléophile des N-arylhydrazones: réaction de Mannich et applications." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001905.
Full textNguyen, Olivier Van Buu. "Préparation de nouvelles familles de liquides ioniques chiraux : applications en synthèse et catalyse asymétrique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112148.
Full textIn the framework of sustainable chemistry and evaluation of agricultural compounds, new families of chiral ionic liquids derived from isosorbide were prepared for an asymmetric synthesis application. Some ammonium salts were synthesized in 6,7 steps in good overall yields. Another family of imidazolium salts was also prepared in 4 steps. The chiral ionic liquids were used as “chiral reaction media” in the asymmetric Baylis-Hillman reaction. However, only low enantiomeric excess were obtained (up to 7%). The low enantioselectivity is discussed. The asymmetric aza-Diels-Alder reaction was also studied. The obtained results showed that not only can chiral ionic liquids be used as solvent and catalysts but also as chiral inductor in this reaction. Up to 65% de were obtained at room temperature using imidazolium or ammonium based-ionic liquids. The entire experiment makes no use of either acid catalyst or organic solvent. Chiral ionic liquids can be recycled while their efficiency is preserved
Del, Vecchio Antonio. "New methodologies for the radiolabeling of drug candidates." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS277.
Full textRadioisotope labeling is a relevant topic for health applications in academy, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. In this context, carbon isotopes play a basic role in drug development and ADME and toxicological studies. Traditional synthesis with radiocarbon (¹⁴C), based on lengthy and multistep approaches, have hampered the sustainability of the strategy. The aim of this PhD thesis is the development of new methodologies for the late-stage carbon labeling of drug candidates and specifically of cyclic ureas and carbamates. These chemical entities, widely present in pharma and crop science, were used to be labeled using toxic radioactive reagents such as phosgene and carbon monoxide. As valuable alternative, the employ of CO₂, the most readily available building block for carbon-14 and carbon-11 radioisotopes, has been proposed. Unfortunately, [¹⁴C]CO₂ is a poorly reactive building block that requires strong nucleophiles or harsh conditions for its functionalization. Consequently, the incorporation of the isotope at the very beginning of the synthetic process is required causing, de facto, a dramatic stepwise increase of the radioactive waste production, with a heavy environmental impact. In this thesis, we investigate the use of a sequential Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction that allows the rapid incorporation of CO₂ to provide the corresponding isocyanate. The cyclic urea and carbamate could be so obtained by intramolecular reaction with an amine or hydroxyl moieties. After optimization, the methodology could be successfully performed one-pot, at room temperature within five minutes, demonstrating also a broad scope reliability. Those conditions allowed a direct translation to [¹⁴C] and [¹¹C] chemistry, in collaboration with the Service Hospitalier Joliot Curie (Orsay) and the Karolinska Institute (Sweden), furnishing a powerful tool for the labeling of drug candidates within both the radioisotopes
Santos, Filho Raimundo Francisco dos. "Reação de cicloadição formal aza-[3+3] de enaminonas e oxazolonas na síntese de heterociclos nitrogenados." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10690.
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CAPES
O presente trabalho reporta o estudo da reação de cicloadição formal aza-[3+3] de enaminonas cíclicas, com anéis de cinco membros contendo um nitrogênio endocíclico, frente à oxazolonas. A reação de cicloadição formal aza-[3+3] entre oxazolonas e enaminona cíclica de cinco membros levou a obtenção de núcleos heterocíclos indolizidínicos polifuncionalizados, com dois centros esterogênicos, contendo nos mesmos uma sequência peptídica. Foi utilizado também o 2-fenil-4-(etoximetileno)-oxazolona como agente de aza-anelação com enaminona cíclica levando a construção de núcleos indolizidínicos com sistema aromático; núcleo este presente em muitos alcalóides indolizidínicos de ocorrência natural
Salvador
Nabi, Zia Ullah. "Deformation and fracture of ASA and its glass-filled composites." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287616.
Full textAllous, Iyad. "Synthèse de composés diaza-spiraniques analogues d'alcaloïdes cytotoxiques et anticancéreux." Le Havre, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LEHA0004.
Full textOur contribution for the synthesis of spiro-oxindole templates is presented in this memory. For that purpose we have investigated two different approaches employing N-substituted α-bromoacetamides in tandem processes. In the first chapter we have highlighted the importance of chemotherapy in the treatment of disease such as cancer. Among the efficient molecules discovered, the unique structure of the spiro oxindole framework has encouraged the creativity of many researchers. In the second chapter our work was focused on the development of a tandem process to allow the access to oxindoles spiro-fused with succinimide ring. α-Hydroxy-γ-lactams were obtained by regio- and stereoselective reduction of one of both carbonyls of the succinimide moiety and were then engaged in π-cationic cyclization reactions via N-acyliminium species generated by Lewis or Bronsted acids. Thus, complex pentacyclic spiro oxindoles molecules were isolated in good yields and high diastereoselectivities. The third chapter was centered on the application of a new tandem reaction developed in our Laboratory for the synthesis of oxindoles spiro-fused with γ-lactams. The wide variety of reachable structures employing this strategy should allow us to obtain in the near future numerous spiro oxindole frameworks depending on the chemistry involved. Already, Friedel-Crafts and Dieckmann cyclizations were shown to be efficient for the synthesis of elaborated tetra- and pentacyclics spiro oxindole systems, which could be considered as analogous to numerous spiro alkaloids models
Moura, Patricia Ribeiro de. "Adição de IN3 a compostos carbonilados a, B insaturados : implicações mecanisticas e sinteticas." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250533.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Mestrado
Oliveira, Cecilia Maria Alves de. "Reatividade de 2H-azirinas-funcionalizadas com hidrazinas." [s.n.], 1987. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250434.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Mestrado
Huez, Philippe. "Synthèses et analyses conformationnelles de macrocycles aza-β³-peptidiques contenant des atomes d'azote chirogéniques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S072/document.
Full textThe work depicted here is devoted to the synthesis of pseudopeptides built from aza-β³-aminoacid units, and to their conformational analysis. The results show that the cycles with 8, 16, and 24 bonds each adopt a ground conformation where the relative configuration of the chiral nitrogen atom is fixed in response to specific structural constraints, and despite the nitrogen pyramidal inversion phenomenon. The cycles just undergo equilibrium between two invertomeric forms, and the energetic barrier associated with the macrocycle inversion reveals surprisingly slow considering the size of the compounds. The influence of steric crowding of the side chains on the inversion rate has been carefully studied, but also the transfer of chirality from exocylic elements towards chirotopic nitrogen atoms inside the backbone. A specific chapter is devoted to the 8-membered rings, that reveal the interest of these newly described compounds in the domain of nitrogen chirality
Lepitre, Thomas. "Modulation des Processus Domino au départ des Accepteurs de Michael en série Chromone : Diversité par aza-Cyclisation, Arylation et Aryloxylation Métallocatalysées : Diversité par aza-Cyclisation, Arylation et Aryloxylation Métallocatalysées." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH31/document.
Full textIn the early 2000s a general consensus has emerged in which the molecular diversity within a given library of small molecules, rather than its size, has been recognized as a crucial requirement. Diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) has emerged from this new paradigm. This novel approach aims to generate collections of small molecules with high degrees of structural diversity, in the most efficient way, starting from simple building-blocks. Since the generation of collections of structurally diverse small molecules in a DOS-driven approach constitutes a real challenge, diverse strategies have been set up for this purpose.In this line, this work has shed light on the great potential of a domino process as a valuable tool in a DOS-driven strategy, capable of generating both molecular diversity and architectural complexity. This study has been focused on the 3-formylchromone building block, a particular framework which has already proven being an exceptionally versatile precursor of molecular diversity. In this manuscript, we will highlight how it is possible to modulate the course of a domino process to achieve high degrees of molecular diversity, starting from the chromone based 1,6-Michael acceptors platform and primary amines as reaction partners. In particular we will show how it is feasible to control the course of particular steps involved in the domino process through: (I) the pertinent modulation of the Michael acceptors and the primary amines structures, (II) the modulation of the reaction parameters (solvent, temperature, additives), and (III) the tuning of the reactivity within a key reaction intermediate induced by the introduction of an external agent
Querelle, Sarah. "Utilisation de copolymères triblocs ABA pour l'élaboration de membranes à morphologie et performance contrôlées." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20025.
Full textGuimarães, Fredson Santos. "Preparação de pigmentos híbridos a partir de corantes azo e compostos do tipo hidrotalcita." Instituto de Química, 2010. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/20267.
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CAPES
A hidrotalcita é um hidroxicarbonato de magnésio e alumínio que consiste em camadas do tipo brucita e ocorre na natureza como lâminas contorcidas e folheadas e/ou massa fibrosa. Quando Mg2+ e Al3+ são trocados completamente ou parcialmente com M2+ (M = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe) e M3+ (Cr e Fe) respectivamente, materiais cristalinos com estrutura hidrotalcita podem ser obtidos. A fórmula geral do LDH é [M2+1-xM3+x(OH)2]+(An-x/n)yH2O, onde M2+ e M3+ são respectivamente cátions metálicos di e trivalentes. Neste trabalho, pigmentos híbridos derivados de hidróxidos duplos lamelares (LDHs) com o corante vermelho congo (diazo) e o corante negro de eriocromo T (azo) foram preparados por dois métodos diferentes: i) adsorção de uma solução de corante sobre MgAl-LDH, previamente preparado por coprecipitação em pH = 11 empregando Na2CO3; ii) automontagem por coprecipitação em pH = 11 dos íons Mg2+ e Al3+ com NaOH em uma solução contendo o corante (self assembly). Análises de DRX mostraram que o espaçamento basal (d003) da matriz MgAl-LDH dos pigmentos preparados por adsorção não sofreu variação, sugerindo que as moléculas dos corantes estão adsorvidas na superfície externa dos cristais de LDH enquanto que os preparados pelo método self assembly revelaram que parte dos corantes azo encontra-se intercalada. Análises TG/DTG mostraram que as temperaturas de decomposição oxidativa dos corantes foram deslocadas para valores superiores, sugerindo que as moléculas do corante são termicamente mais estáveis na estrutura do LDH. As análises de microscopia eletrônica de varredura corroboraram os resultados de DRX, mostrando que os pigmentos preparados pelos métodos da adsorção e self assembly tem morfologia lamelar, típica de compostos tipo hidrotalcita ratificando os resultados das análises de DRX. Quando submetidos a testes de estabilidade em solventes de diferentes polaridades (água, etanol e acetonitrila), os pigmentos híbridos mostraram-se mais estáveis quando o solvente foi a água. Pode-se atribuir essa estabilidade a diferenças estruturais mais significativas na estrutura dos corantes com a molécula da água quando comparado com outros solventes.
Hydrotalcite is a hydroxycarbonate of magnesium and aluminium and occurs in nature in foliated and contorced plates and/or fibrous masses. When Mg2+. and Al3+. are replaced wholly or partially with M2+. (M.Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe) and M3+. (M.Cr, Fe), respectively, crystalline materials with the hydrotalcite can be obtained. The general formula of LDH is [M2+1-xM3+x(OH)2]+(An-x/n)yH2O, where M2+ and M3+ are respectively metallic cations divalents and trivalents. In this work, hybrid pigments, derived from layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with the diazo dye congo red and azo dye eriochrome black t , were prepared using two different methods: i) adsorption of aqueous solution of congo red onto MgAl-LDH, previously prepared by coprecipitation at pH = 11, using Na2CO3; and ii) coprecipitation of Mg2+and Al3+ in a congo red containing solution, at pH = 11, using NaOH as precipitating agent (self assembly); iii) adsorption of aqueous solution of eriochrome black t onto MgAl-LDH, previously prepared by coprecipitation at pH = 11, using Na2CO3; and ii) coprecipitation of Mg2+and Al3+ in a eriochrome black t containing solution, at pH = 11, using NaOH as precipitating agent (self assembly). X-ray diffraction show in the samples prepared by adsorption no change in the basal space (d003) was observed, suggesting that intercalation of the anionic dye did not occur significantly. In the sample prepared by self-assembly, it was observed the formation of a LDH containing at least part of the dye in the interlayer region. In the thermogravimetric analysis TGA show the temperature of oxidation decomposition of the dyes occurs at a temperature higher, indicating that the thermal stability of pigment is enhanced by intercalation in the layered host. Scanning electron micrographs analysis shows the morphology of the hybrid pigments prepared by adsorption and self assembly show morphology characteristic of hydrotalcite materials which was observed for all samples. When to subdue the stability tests in solvents of polarity different (water, ethanol , acetonitrile), the hybrids pigments show higher stabily when the solvents is water.
Silva, José Cláudio Serafim Vieira da. "Síntese de pirrolidinonas bioativas catalisada por sais de bismuto e radiação micro-ondas na cicloadição formal aza- [3+2] de enaminonas e difenilciclopropenona." Instituto de Química, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/20686.
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Nesse trabalho foram estudadas e desenvolvidas novas metodologias para síntese de N-heterociclos de cinco membros, 2-pirrolidinonas, através da aplicação da reação de cicloadição formal aza-[3+2]; A metodologia aplicada foi pautada nos princípios da química verde, como: reações sem solvente, uso de catalisadores de bismuto, aplicação de radiação de micro-ondas, levando à construção de 2- pirrolidinonas N-substituídas com substituintes retiradores e doadores de elétrons. A metodologia de catalise por bismuto foi estendida para a síntese de biciclos do tipo pirrolizidínicos, produzindo-os em uma faixa menor de tempo, núcleo presente em muitos alcaloides já conhecidos por sua toxicidade e aplicação como fármacos. Estudos com programas de bioinformática foram realizados para predição das propriedades biológicas das moléculas sintetizadas
In this work has been studied and developed new ways to synthetize five- membered N-heterocycles, 2-pyrrolidinones, through the application of a formal cycloaddition aza-[3+2] reaction. The methodology applied was based on green chemistry principles: solvent less, the use of bismuth catalyst, applying microwaves radiation, which allowed the construction of 2-pyrrolidinones electrodonating and withdrawing substituents. This method of catalysis bismuth was extended to the synthesis of the bicycle pyrrolizidine type, producing them on a smaller time range, this nucleus have been present in too many natural alkaloids known for used as pharmaceuticals. Studies with bioinformatics programs were performed to predict the biological properties of the synthesized molecules.
Espírito, Santo Rafael Dias do. "Síntese e caracterização de compostos guanidínicos e estudo da atividade leishmanicida /." Bauru, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150600.
Full textBanca: Chung Man Chin
Banca: Cleslei Fernando Zanelli
Banca: Giuliano Cesar Clososki
Banca: Gil Valdo José da Silva
Resumo: Leishmanioses são doenças causadas por protozoários parasitas, causadas por mais de 20 espécies do gênero Leishmania, sendo estimados 1,3 milhões de novos casos anualmente, que resultam em 20 - 30 mil mortes. Os fármacos usados para o tratamento de leishmanioses são antigos, estão relacionados a graves efeitos tóxicos, e o aparecimento de cepas de parasitas resistentes a esses fármacos tem tornado urgente a necessidade de se encontrar medicamentos novos, seguros e eficazes contra leishmanioses. Compostos do tipo guanidinas são estudados para o tratamento de doenças tropicais negligenciadas, sendo que alguns estudos testaram a efetividade de compostos guanidínicos contra leishmaniose. O principal objetivo do presente trabalho foi sintetizar, caracterizar e avaliar a atividade leishmanicidade de compostos que possuem o núcleo guanidínico. A síntese dos compostos derivados guanidínicos foi descrito e os compostos foram caracterizados por Espectrometria de Massas usando Ionização por Eletrospray e por Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de 1H e de 13C. Quatorze compostos foram avaliados quanto à atividade leishmanicida frente às cepas promastigotas de L. amazonensis e também frente a macrófagos peritoneais de camundongo infestados com leishmania amastigotas. Os valores de IS de duas moléculas contra as formas amastigotas (SI=130,25 para o composto LQOF-G7 e 36,37 para o composto LQOF-G1), sugeriram que estes podem ser candidatos promissores para estu... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Leishmaniases are diseases caused by protozoan parasites from >20 Leishmania species, being estimated 1.3 million new cases annually, which result in 20,000-30,000 deaths. The drugs used for the treatment of leishmaniases are old and have serious toxic effects. In addition, the emergence of drug-resistant parasite strains has caused an urgent requirement for novel, safe, and efficacious drugs against leishmaniasis. Several guanidine derivatives have been studied in the treatment of neglected diseases and some of these studies tested the effectiveness of guanidine compounds against leishmaniasis. The main objective of the present work was the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of leishmanicide activity of compounds having guanidine nuclei. Synthesis of the guanidine derivatives was described and the compounds were characterized by Mass Spectrometry with Eletrospray Ionization and Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance for 1H and 13C. Fourteen compounds were evaluated for their leishmanicidal activity against L. amazonensis promastigotes and mouse peritoneal macrophages infested with leishmania amastigotes. The IS values, of two molecules, against the amastigote forms (SI = 130.25 for compound LQOF-G7 and 36.37 for compound LQOF-G1), suggested that they may be promising candidates for in vivo studies. The preliminary analysis of the results of biological evaluation showed that compounds, which contain electro-withdrawing groups bound to atom C4 of aniline ring, w... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Essaïdi, Zacaria. "Photo-structuration et propriétés optiques non-linéaires de composés organiques azoïques : azoazulène, azocarbazole et azobenzène." Angers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ANGE0061.
Full textOrganic materials are interesting and promising systems for a wide range of applications : photonic, optoelectronic, optical data storage, electronic, and son on. The unique properties of these organic molecular or polymer systems can be modulated by grafting functional groups so as to target specific functions. Research and development of new photosensitive materials and optically active is hence a major challenge. We treat in this study the photo-ordering and nonlinear optical properties of three families of organic azo-dye compounds ; azo-azulenes, carbazoles and azo-azo-benzenes. These systems are designed by adding a donor group and acceptor group separated by a π-conjugated chain. This association leads to asymmetric distribution of charge and allow large optical nonlinearities. The experimental results obtained by different experimental techniques show quadratic susceptibilities are higher relative to the reference material (quartz), and cubic susceptibilities is in the order of that of the reference (carbon disulfide). We report also the potential of these compounds for formation of surface photo-induced grating. The obtained results in picosecond regime showed the formation of one or two-dimensional periodic structures and a located photostructuration
Leite, Breno Moreira da Costa. "Análise preliminar de nervuras de material composto do caixão central de uma asa." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2005. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2901.
Full textSa, Marcus Cesar Mandolesi. "Reatividade de vinil azidas E1 - azirinas contendo um grupo metileno ativado frente a reagentes carbonilados em meio basico : parte 1: sintese de compostos aciclicos polifuncionais. parte 2: preparação de 3-oxazolinas-5-acetato e outros derivados de oxazois." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250621.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Padié, Clément. "Dendrimères phosphorés : synthèse et applications." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30022.
Full textSantana, Lourenço Luis Botelho de. "Síntese de heterocíclicos nitrogenados através de reações de aza-anelação [3+3], [3+2+1] e [3+1+1+1] entre enaminonas e derivados do ácido de Meldrum." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/12653.
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CAPES
Heterociclos nitrogenados são substâncias úteis, devido principalmente as suas propiedades biológicas, o que faz com que muitos deles sejam utilizados em medicamentos para diversas enfermidades. Na busca por novos principios ativos, esforços tem sido empregados para a síntese destes tipos de compostos, principalmente os biciclos e triciclos nitrogenados, produtos que apresentam núcleos diferenciados amplamente distribuidos com diferentes funções químicas e biológicas. Núcleos como os indolizidínicos, pirrolizidínicos, quinolizídinicos e aza-antracênicos. Em nosso estudo utilizamos as enaminonas que são intermediários sintéticos usados na obtenção destes heterociclos, são facilmente obtidas, densamente funcionalizadas com vários centros reativos, o que lhes confere comportamento ambifílico e ambidentado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a reatividade de enaminonas com diferentes características frente arilidenos e alqulidenos do ácido de Meldrum, sejam preprarados previamente, ou” in situ” em reações multicomponentes, buscando desenvolver metodologia para a obtenção de heterociclos nitrogenados através de reações de aza-anelação. Dessa forma enaminonas cíclicas com nitrogênio exocíclico, nitrogênio endocíclico e enaminonas alicíclicas, foram submetidas a reações com alquilidenos do ácido de Meldrum, previamente sintetizados pela reação deste com aldeidos caracterizando uma reação bicomponente. E a reações multicomponentes envolvendo o ácido de Meldrum, os respectivos compostos carbonílicos s e enaminonas. Neste trabalho foi evidenciado que as reações multicomponentes entre o ácido de Meldrum, aldeidos, as enaminonas 3-aril-amino-5,5-dimetil-ciclo-hexen-2-enona e a 1,4-2-amino-naftoquinona levam a formação de N-arilquinolinas e aza-antracenotrionas, respectivamente através de uma reação de aza-anelação [3+2+1], sendo os produtos obtidos os mesmos da reação entre os arilidenos previamente preparados e as enaminonas (reação de aza-anelação [3+3]), Comportamento similar foi verificado quando os aldeidos foram substituidos por diferentes isatinas. Já a utilizar a enminona cíclica 2 A reação bicomponente leva a formação de indolizidinonas através de uma aza-anelação [3+3], enquanto que a reação multicomponente em etanol leva a formação de indolizidinas através de um processo tetramolecular de aza-anelação [3+1+1+1]. Desta forma além da obtenção de diversar moléculas inéditas disponíveis para testes biológicos, foi possível verificar diferenças no comportamento reacional das enaminonas quando em reações bicomponentes ou multicomponentes.
Salvador
Zouikri, Mohamed. "Le résidu aza-prolyle, son introduction dans un peptide : modifications structurales dues à la substitution AzPRO/PRO." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL079N.
Full textKotera, Mitsuharu. "Synthèse de composés azaspiranniques via régression d'énamines hétérocycliques fonctionnelles : synthèse formelle de la ( + ou - )-perhydrohistrionicotoxine." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES018.
Full textVictral, Davi Madureira. "Aplicação de levedura residual como fonte de mediadores redox na descoloração redutiva de um Azo Corante Modelo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFOP, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6095.
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O principal objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar o uso de levedura residual proveniente de indústria fermentativa como fonte de mediador redox (riboflavina) para a degradação redutiva de um azo corante modelo (Amarelo Gold Remazol) em reatores (batelada) em escala de bancada. Para tanto, o projeto avaliou três diferentes metodologias para a lise celular da levedura residual, visando obter a maior quantidade de riboflavina liberada no produto da lise celular, de uma forma eficiente e economicamente viável. A otimização dos processos de lise da levedura residual estudados (liquidificação, sonicação e NaCl) foi realizada pela aplicação de metodologia de superfície resposta (MSR) tendo a concentração de riboflavina como variável resposta. Para os ensaios de remoção de cor feitos com os lisados de levedura residual (LLR) e um extrato de levedura comercial (Himedia®) os frascos reatores foram operados (25ºC; 150 rpm) por 48 horas, na presença e na ausência de uma fonte de mediador redox utilizando uma solução de azo corante modelo (50 mg L-1). Os principais resultados deste trabalho podem ser sistematizados como a seguir: i) O método de lise celular que resultou em uma maior liberação de riboflavina ( 92μg g-1) foi a lise osmótica por adição de NaCl – aproximadamente o dobro do encontrado no extrato de levedura comercial; ii) A eficiência de remoção de cor utilizando o LLR obtido a partir da lise osmótica foi de 86%, eficiência 28 % maior do que a obtida na condição experimental sem a adição de fonte de MR; iii) O uso de derivados da lise celular de levedura mostrou-se capaz de acelerar a cinética de degradação de cor do sistema, obtendo valores de k em 0,85 e 0,81, para os ensaios Residual e Comercial, respectivamente, ajustando à pseudo-segunda ordem cinética; iv) Além de fornecer MR ao sistema, o uso de LLR mostrou ser uma boa fonte de carbono e energia e compostos carreadores de elétrons (NADH); v) Os dados cinéticos mostraram que há uma competição pelo uso dos elétrons equivalentes, entre a remoção de cor a produção de metano, bem como o acúmulo de AGVs nas horas iniciais. Dessa forma, a análise integrada dos resultados gerados por esta pesquisa contribui de forma relevante para o avanço do conhecimento nas áreas de degradação anaeróbia de azo corantes e uso de mediadores redox para acelerar a cinética de remoção de cor, bem como fornece uma fonte sustentável de de LLR que pode ser utilizado em reatores de grande escala. __________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT: The main goal purpose of this work was to investigate the use of residual yeast derived from fermentation industries as source of redox mediator (riboflavin) to the reductive degradation of a model azoic dye (Remazol Gold Yellow) in batch reactors in a bench scale. Therefore, this project analyzed three different methodologies to cell lysis from residual yeast, in order to attain the highest amount riboflavin released in the cell lysis product, in an efficient and economic procedure. The optimization of the process of the cell lysis from residual yeast was carried out by the response surface methodology (RSM). The cell lysis methods analyzes were the mechanical one by liquefaction, the sonication and chemical (NaCl), intending a release of a higher concentration of riboflavin (Vitamin B2). During the color-removing trials done with residual yeast lysate (LLR) from residual yeast and a commercial yeast extract (Himedia®), the flasks were operated (25ºC; 150 rpm) for 48 hours, in the presence or absence of a source redox mediator using a model azoic dye (50 mg L-1). The main results from this research are as folows: i) The chemical lysis method by NaCl addition has shown the highest release of riboflavin ( 92μg g-1) – approximately the double found commercial yeast extract; ii) The effectiveness of the color removal with the extract from chemical lysis was 86% with was 26% higher than that observed in the absence of redox mediators; iii) The use of yeast lysates accelerated the kinetics of color removal, with followed the pseudo second order model with k values of 0,87 and 0,81; iv) Besides providing redox mediators to system, the use of residual yeast lysate has shown to be a good source of carbon and energy and electron carries (NADH). v) Kinetic data showed that there is a competition for the use of equivalent electrons between the color removal and the methane production, as well as accumulation of VFAs in the initial hours. Thus, the integrated analysis of the results generated by this research contributes significantly to the advancement of knowledge in the areas of anaerobic degradation of azo dyes and use of redox mediators to accelerate color removal kinetics and provides a sustainable source LLR that may be used in large-scale reactors.
Herbert, Burgos Carole. "Caractérisation et utilisation de la membrane MORGANE ARA dans les procédés électromembranaires : Reconcentration de l'acide sulfurique." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20138.
Full textRamirez, Castrillo Ana Catalina. "Costa Rican Composer Carlos Escalante Macaya and his Concerto for Clarinet and Strings." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/272856.
Full textD.M.A.
The purpose of this monograph is to promote Costa Rican academic music by focusing on Costa Rican composer Carlos Escalante Macaya and his Concerto for Clarinet and Strings (2012). I hope to contribute to the international view of Latin American composition and to promote Costa Rican artistic and cultural productions abroad with a study of the Concerto for Clarinet and Strings (Escalante's first venture into the concerto genre), examining in close detail its melodic, rhythmic and harmonic treatment as well as influences from different genres and styles. The monograph will also include a historical context of Costa Rican musical history, a brief discussion of previous important Costa Rican composers for the clarinet, a short analysis of the composer's own previous work for the instrument (Ricercare for Solo Clarinet) and performance notes. Also, in addition to the publication and audio/video recording of the clarinet concerto, this document will serve as a resource for clarinet soloists around the world. Carlos Escalante Macaya (b. 1968) is widely recognized in Costa Rica as a successful composer. His works are currently performed year-round in diverse performance venues in the country. His compositions vary widely, including orchestral, choral, and chamber music works, as well as music for dance, theater, and film. He is associate composer for the national dance and theater companies, and also receives many other commissions. He has received important national and Latin American composition awards, but his music, as that of other Costa Rican composers, is yet to be discovered outside of Latin America. Only one book, Música académica costarricense: Del presente al pasado cercano (2012), includes a commentary on Carlos Escalante Macaya. In it Costa Rican musicologist Ekaterina Chatski briefly analyzes two of his most important compositions: Los huesos tristes, commissioned in 2006 for the Choreographer's Festival, and Sinfonía Centenario (1997), winner of the Latin American Composition Competition of the centenary of the National Theater of Costa Rica. This book also includes a short biography of the composer and a list numbering 81 of his compositions up to the year 2008. The composer provided most materials necessary for my study, including multiple scores, inspirational visual materials, as well as a full interview (completed August 12, 2013) that will be included as an appendix. It is also important to mention that this concerto was written for me. The composer made significant effort to create a piece that would be, in his own words, a "perfectly fitted dress." My feedback ultimately made this piece what it is today, and my premiere of it on September 14, 2012, with the National Symphony Orchestra of Costa Rica, was an absolute success. This piece was so well received by the Costa Rican public that it was included in the National Symphony Orchestra of Costa Rica's latest CD recording of Costa Rican Music Composers. This recording is the first album of the National Symphony Orchestra to include a solo artist, so it is an honor for me to have been part of this wonderful project. Having been involved in all stages that brought this piece to life, I believe I am in the best position to present an analysis of the piece, to provide a historical background, and to offer performance recommendations for the future.
Temple University--Theses
Troina, Aline Andrade. "Consumo materno de dois compostos bioativos da semente da linhaça sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hormonais das mães e proles durante a lactação." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3400.
Full textAvaliamos o efeito do consumo materno de SDG (Diglicosídeo Secoisolariciresinol) e de óleo de Linhaça+SDG sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hormonais das ratas e das proles machos e fêmeas na lactação. As ratas lactantes foram separadas em: controle (C), ração controle cuja proteína foi caseína; (SDG): ração C com 400mg de SDG/Kg de ração; OLSDG: ração C com 400mg de SDG/Kg de ração e 7% de óleo de linhaça. No 14 e 20 dias de lactação as ratas foram ordenhadas e no 21 dia foram sacrificadas por punção cardíaca. Leite e soro foram coletados para avaliação bioquímica e hormonal. Hormônios foram quantificados por radioimunoensaio. As proles machos e fêmeas foram sacrificadas aos 14 e 21 dias de idade. Os animais foram eviscerados para análise da composição corporal. Monitoramos a ingestão alimentar e a massa corporal (MC) durante o período experimental. As ratas SDG apresentaram maior gordura corporal (GC; +39%), enquanto as OLSDG menor conteúdo mineral (-20%) e trigliceridemia (TG) (-39%). As ratas SDG e OLSDG apresentaram hiperprolactinemia (+389% e 153%, respectivamente) sem alteração na concentração de estradiol. No 14 dia de lactação, o leite das ratas OLSDG apresentou menores teores de lactose(-17%) e de proteínas (-20%) e o das ratas SDG apenas menor teor de proteína (-21%). A partir do 13 dia de lactação tanto os machos quanto as fêmeas OLSDG apresentaram menor MC (-14%, -16%, respectivamente). No 14 dia de lactação os machos SDG e OLSDG apresentaram menor gordura corporal (-24%, -55%, respectivamente ) e a prole SDG maior massa de gordura visceral (+39%). Os machos SDG apresentaram maiores concentrações de TG (+105%) e hipoprolactinemia (-41%). Os machos OLSDG também apresentaram hipoprolactinemia (-41%). As fêmeas SDG e OLSDG apresentaram maior estradiol aos 14 dias (+86% e +176%) que se normalizou aos 21 dias, maior colesterolemia (+16%) e as SDG apresentaram maior trigliceridemia (+74%). Aos 21 dias os machos e as fêmeas SDG e OLSDG apresentaram menor trigliceridemia (-48%, -54%,42% e -59%, respectivamente). Os dois componentes principais da semente de linhaça produzem alterações bioquímicas e hormonais tanto nas mães, quanto nas proles, independente do sexo. Entretanto, as alterações observadas diferem entre mães e prole e de acordo com o gênero. Entre as alterações mais importantes ressaltamos a hiperprolactinemia materna que pode ser um dos motivos para a hipoprolactinemia da prole e a hipertrigliceridemia causada pela ingestão de SDG pelas mães.
We evaluated the mothers intake of SDG (Diglicoside secoisolariciresinol) and flaxseed oil + SDG upon biochemical and hormonal parameters of lactating female rats and the male and female offspring during lactation. The female lactating rats were divided into: Control (C): feeding a diet with casein; (SDG): feeding diet C added 400mg of SDG/Kg diet; (OLSDG): diet C added 400mg of SDG/Kg diet and 7% of flaxseed oil. Milk samples were obtained on the 14th and 20th days of lactation and the mothers were sacrificed and blood collected by cardiac puncture on the 21st day. Milk and serum were collected for biochemical and hormonal analysis. The male and female offsprings were sacrified on the 14th and 21st day. The hormonal dosages were measured by radioimunassay. The animals were completely eviscerated to analyze body composition. Body mass (BM) and food intake were monitored during all experimental period. The SDG rats showed higher fat mass (+39%) while the OLSDG rats showed lower mineral content (-20%) and triglycerides (TG) serum levels (-39%). The SDG and OLSDG rats showed higher prolactin levels (+339% and +153% respectively) without changes in serum estradiol. On the 14th day of lactation we observed lower lactose (-17%) and protein (-20%) content in the OLSDG rats milk while in the SDG only lower protein (-21%). From the 13th day of lactation both the males and females OLSDG showed lower BM ( - 14%, - 16%, respectively). On the 14th day the male SDG and OLSDG showed lower fat mass (-24%, -55%, respectively), and the SDG offspring showed higher visceral fat mass (+39%). The SDG male also showed higher TG levels (+105%) and lower prolactin levels (-41%). The OLSDG males also showed lower prolactin serum levels (-41%). The OLSDG female showed higher serum estradiol at 14 days (+86% e +176%), which normalized at 21 days and higher cholesterolemia (+16%) and the SDG female presented higher TG levels (+74%). On day 21th day the male and female SDG and OLSDG showed lower TG levels (-48%,-54%, -42% and 59% respectively). Thus, the two main component of flaxseed showed biochemical and hormonal changes in the mothers and offspring, independent of gender. However, the changes observed in mothers differ from the offspring, and differ accordingly with the sex of offspring. The most impressive changes were the maternal hyperprolactinemia that can be one of the cause for the observed hypoprolactinemia in the offspring and the other main finding was the hypertriglyceridemia in the SDG group.
Clarisse, Damien. "Nouvelles voies d'accès à des hétérocycles substitués : par hydrogénation d'indoles, réaction de Prins, d'aza-Prins et application à la synthèse des decytospolides A et B." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10179/document.
Full textThe heterocyclic skeleton is present in many natural and synthetic products with biological activity. The development of methods to build these patterns is an important area of research and many synthetic routes have been and are still being studied. During this work, several methods have been developed allowing access to new heterocyclic compounds: first the hydrogenation of indoles and the influence of their substitution was realised. This work allowed to develop a simple, selective and efficient method to obtain partially or fully saturated indoles. Next the development of neat and metal-free conditions for the Prins cyclization reaction gave tetrahydropyrans and was sequentially used with the Bartoli reaction. These conditions have also proved to be very efficient for sultam synthesis. Finally, a synthetic approach to decytospolides A and B was performed using the Prins cyclization reaction as key step
Raulot, Jean-Marc. "Etude du comportement des paires libres dans les oxydes à base de plomb par les méthodes DFT : pseudopotentiels et LMTO-ASA." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0891.
Full textRoche, Agnès. "Mise au point et étude d'échantillonneurs diffusifs pour le suivi de l'exposition personnelle aux concentrations atmosphériques de benzène, toluène, éthylbenzène et xylènes BTEX et d'aldéhydes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10018.
Full textIakushev, Aleksei A. "Amination catalysée par des sels de palladium ou de cuivre pour la synthèse de polymacrocycliques contenant des fragments aza éthers-couronnes, porphyrines et calix[4]arènes." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT221/document.
Full textPolymacrocyclic compounds are of great interest due to their unique coordination properties. The first convenient synthetic approach to various polycyclic compounds containing several azacrown-ether moieties, to cryptands and supercryptands, based on azacrown-ethers, has been developed by Krakowiak and coworkers in the beginning of 1990s using simple nucleophilic substitution reactions. At present time heteropolytopic polymacrocyclic compounds, capable of forming polynuclear complexes with various metals, attract the utmost interest. In the majority of publications dealing with the synthesis of polymacrocyclic compounds non-catalytic approaches were applied, except for several porphyrin dyads and triads, which were obtained using Suzuki, Sonogashira and Heck reactions. The laboratory of organoelement compounds of Chemistry Department of Lomonosov Moscow State University has a great experience of the application of Pd-catalyzed amination reactions for the synthesis of polymacrocyclic compounds, nowadays Cu-catalyzed arylation of di- and polyamines is under investigation. Bearing it in mind we have found the research for Cu-catalyzed amination to be important in synthesis of polymacrocyclic compounds containing di- and polyamine linkers; as well as the synthesis of new types of polytopic polymacrocyclic conjugates, bearing azacrown-ether, porphyrin and calixarene moieties, by means of Pd- and Cu-catalyzed reactions; and studying their properties as metal cations detectors.The aim of the research is to develop catalytic synthetic approaches to polymacrocyclic conjugates, bearing azacrown-ether, porphyrin and calix[4]arene moieties, and to study their abilities as detectors for metal cations. For this purpose it is necessary to carry out the following investigations: 1) to study the regularities of Cu(I)-catalyzed amination of halogen derivatives of azacrown-ethers and porphyrins and to synthesize corresponding amino derivatives; 2) to develop the methods for the catalytic macrocyclization aimed at the synthesis of macrobicyclic and macrotricyclic compounds, containing diazacrown-ether, cyclen, cyclam and calix[4]arene moieties; 3) to introduce fluorophoric fragments (including porphyrins) into macrocyclic and macrobicyclic compounds; 4) to investigate metal cations binding by thus synthesized polymacrocycles using UV and fluorescent spectroscopy, and to find possible fluorescent and colorimetric detectors among them
Leray, Isabelle. "Diffusion de molécules aromatiques dans les couches minces de polymères contenant des porphyrines : application à la détection de composés organiques volatils." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DENS0020.
Full textJanody, Simon. "Développement d’une réaction de Mannich vinylogue trois composants hautement diastéréosélective : application à la synthèse de molécules azotées polycycliques complexes dont des analogues de l’émétine." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112127/document.
Full textOn the basis of previous work done in the laboratory on the vinylogous Mannich reaction, we pursued the development of this reaction by devising a three component procedure. We then extended the scope of the reaction to different aza-heterocycles, to new electrophiles and nucleophiles with yields generally over 80% and diastereomeric ratios over 80/20. The numerous X ray structures obtained confirmed that the major diastereomer always present an R*,R* configuration. These substrates were then used to prepare complex tetracyclic structures in one step. These products were obtained with yield up to 87% and diastereomeric ratios up to 95/5. This diastereoselectivity was rationalized using molecular modeling. This vinylogous Mannich / cyclization reaction sequence allowed the controlled formation of four contiguous stereogenic centers. These tetracyclic structures were then used as starting points for the synthesis of analogues of emetine, a natural antitumor compound. The synthetic intermediates were tested for their cytotoxic activity
Fontelle, Nathalie. "Mise au point d'une nouvelle voie d'accès aux iminosucres C-glycosides à six et sept chaînons dérivés du D-glucopyranose et de la N-acétyl-D-glucosamine." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2334/document.
Full textIminosugars, sugar analogs in which the endocyclic oxygen has been replaced by a nitrogen, constitute a major class of sugar mimetics. Introducing an alkyl chain at the pseudoanomeric carbon position leads to another class of important iminosugars, the iminosugars C-glycosides that can be potent and selective glycosidase inhibitors. The main challenge associated with iminosugars C-glycosides synthesis is currently the design of efficient and general routes applicable to any starting sugar and enabling introduction of structural diversity from advanced synthons to accelerate the discovery of biologically relevant molecules.The first part of this work focused on the development of an efficient and convergent synthesis of six and seven membered iminosugars C-glycosides from a common 6-azido-6-deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose precursor. This new methodology involves a highly diastereoselective tandem ring enlargement/alkylation and a stereocontrolled ring contraction.The second part of the thesis delt with the extension of the methodology to access six-membered D- and L-iminosugars C-glycosides derived from N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.The third part of this work was devoted to the synthesis of iminosugar-aza-crowns, which constitute a new type of molecular receptors, using the synthetic route developed in the first part. The ability of these compounds to complex metals was studied either by NMR or fluorimetric techniques and showed promising results
Pereira, Fernanda Stuani [UNESP]. "Estudos de biopolímeros a base de quitina e quitosana quimicamente transformados para quelação de metais e para a captura e fixação de dióxido de carbono." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139534.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O presente trabalho descreve modificações estruturais feitas na cadeia lateral do polímero quitosana mediante a N-alquilação com diferentes aldeídos aromáticos, a qual originam bases de Schiff como produtos intermediários, seguido de uma redução com cianoborohidreto de sódio (NaBH3CN). Subsequentemente, reações de acoplamento entre o produto sintetizado N-benzil quitosana e diferentes sais de diazônio foram realizadas para produzir uma nova classe de compostos poli-azóicos a partir deste polímero. Diferentes materiais foram sintetizados para investigar a influencia de diferentes substituintes na complexação de metais e futuros estudos de eficiência biológica. Pela técnica de ressonância magnética nuclear de próton em solução, o grau de substituição dos poli-azo-compostos foi de 46 a 66%. Os compostos foram caracterizados por FT-IR e RMN de 13C no estado sólido e RMN de 15N em solução, que confirmaram a síntese dos derivados poliméricos. Também foi realizado um estudo da interação destes materiais sintetizados com os íons metálicos Cu(II) e Zn(II). Para a caracterização dos complexos, utilizou-se as técnicas de titulação complexométrica, FAAS, MEV, EDS, difratometria de raios X, EPR e TG/DTG. Por titulação complexométrica e FAAS, a quitosana pura mostrou maior capacidade em complexar/adsorver os metais do que seus derivados. A capacidade de adsorver íons Cu(II) foi maior do que íons Zn(II) para todos os compostos. Por MEV e EDS, observou-se que além do cobre coordenado pelos sítios reativos dos materiais, o sal sulfato de cobre foi adsorvido pela superfície polimérica dos mesmos. Assim, foram realizadas reações de complexação utilizando o sal CuCl2.2H2O e os resultados mostraram que esse comportamento não ocorre para este sal. Para os complexos utilizando o sal sulfato de zinco, praticamente não se observa o sal adsorvido na superfície polimérica, devido à baixa capacidade de complexação por esse metal. A difratometria de raios X mostrou uma redução da cristalinidade dos complexos de cobre e zinco formados pela quitosana e o derivado Q1Benzil devido a maior capacidade desses materiais em quelar íons metálicos. Para os complexos de Cu(II) e Zn(II) formados a partir do composto Azo-Anisidina, o índice de cristalinidade aumenta, o que pode estar associado a formação de diferentes ligações de coordenação nesse composto. A formação dos complexos também foi confirmada por espectroscopia Raman. Os espectros de EPR dos complexos de Cu(II) formados a partir do sal CuCl2.2H2O mostram a presença de uma estrutura hiperfina bem resolvida, da mesma forma que foi observado para o complexo Quitosana-CuSO4, na qual a grande maioria dos centros de cobre são monoméricos e provavelmente ligados aos polímeros. As curvas de TG/DTG mostraram que os derivados poliméricos degradam a temperaturas menores que o polímero não modificado, e os complexos com sulfato de cobre apresentaram perfis TG/DTG diferentes dos complexos sintetizados a partir do sal cloreto de cobre. Por fim, tanto a quitosana quanto seus derivados Q1Benzil, Q2Benzil e Q2Benzil utilizando a quitosana de baixo peso molecular se mostraram efetivos na síntese de carbonatos através da captura e fixação de CO2 por estes materiais poliméricos.
The present work describes structural modifications in the side chain of the polymer chitosan by N-alkylation with different aromatic aldehydes, which originates Schiff base as an intermediate, followed by reduction with sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3CN). Subsequently, coupling reactions between the synthesized product N-benzyl chitosan and various diazonium salts were carried out to produce a new class of poly-azo compounds from this polymer. Different materials were synthesized to investigate the influence of different substituents on metal chelation and future studies of their biological efficience. From nuclear magnetic resonance technique, the degree of substitution of the poly-azo compounds was between 46 and 66%. The compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 13C NMR in solid state and 15N NMR in solution, which confirmed the synthesis of the polymeric derivatives. The interaction of the synthesized materials with the metal ions Cu(II) and Zn(II) was also studied. For the characterization of such metal complexes, the techniques complexometric titration, FAAS, SEM, EDS, X-ray diffraction, EPR and TG/DTG were employed in this work. By complexometric titration and FAAS, pure chitosan showed greater capacity for complex/adsorb metals than its derivatives. The capacity of adsorbing Cu(II) ions was greater than Zn(II) ions for all compounds. The synthesized complexes were studied by various spectroscopic techniques. By SEM and EDS, it was observed that in addition of copper coordination, copper sulphate salt was adsorbed by the polymer surface. Thus, complexation reactions were carried out using the salt CuCl2.2H2O and the results showed that this behavior does not occur for this salt. For complexes using zinc sulfate salt, hardly observes this salt adsorbed on the polymeric surface due to the low capacity for complexing this metal. The X-ray diffraction showed a reduction of the crystallinity of copper and zinc complexes formed by chitosan and Q1Benzil derivative due to the greater ability of these materials to chelate metal ions. For the complexes of Cu(II) and Zn(II) formed from Azo-Anisidine compound, the crystallinity index increases, which can be associated with formation of different coordination bonds with the compound. The formation of the complex was also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. EPR spectra of Cu(II) formed from the CuCl2.2H2O salt showed the presence of well resolved hyperfine structure in the same way as it was observed for chitosan-CuSO4, in which the majority of copper centers are monomeric and probably bound to the polymer. The TG/DTG curves showed that polymeric derivatives are less stable than the unmodified polymer, and complexes with copper sulfate had TG/DTG curves different from the complexes synthesized from copper chloride salt. Finally, chitosan and the derivatives Q1Benzil , Q2Benzil and Q2Benzil from low molecular weight chitosan were effective in the synthesis of carbonates through the capture and sequestration of CO2 by these polymeric materials.
FAPESP: 2012/13901-3
Bordes, Alexandra. "Conception de nouveaux inhibiteurs d'enzymes et de chélatants de métaux à base d'iminosucres." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2301/document.
Full textIminosugars, sugar analogs in which the endocyclic oxygen has been replaced by nitrogen, constitute a major class of sugar mimetics. Their application has been limited to the biological field so far as these compounds have shown promising therapeutic properties[1]. Interestingly, their structural analogy with sugars combined with the presence of an endocyclic nitrogen atom could deliver innovative macrocycles that could display chelation properties as well as catalytic potential when bound to metals and associated as duplex or higher multiplicity scaffolds. For this purpose, efficient introduction of an alkyl chain at the pseudoanomeric position of the iminosugar to yield an iminosugar C-glycoside[2] displaying two arms at C-5 and C-1 position is necessary. The first part of this work focused on the development of an efficient and convergent synthesis of seven and six membered iminosugars C-glycosides using a highly diastereoselective tandem Staudinger-Aza-Wittig reaction is presented. To access to these new compounds, our strategy is based on a highly diastereoselective and stereocontrolled functionalization. The second part of this work is based on the use of these structures to build up unprecedented iminosugar-aza-crowns, a new type of molecular receptors, using the strategy way developed in the first part. These news sweet aza-crowns displaying with various linkages showed promising results through their preliminary chelation properties by NMR and fluorimetric techniques
Chotard, Florian. "Ligands Phosphine-diène et Salicylamidines : chimie de coordination, catalyse et thérapie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK001/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis concerns the development of new ligands, their coordination chemistry, and the synthesis of the corresponding metal complexes for catalysis and therapy.The first part of this work relates to the synthesis of diene-phosphine ligands, their saturated analogs, and the corresponding arene-ruthenium complexes. Arene decoordination allows the formation of a cationic bimetallic complex where the ligand is diène-η4/κ-P coordinated to the ruthenium. These complexes have been applied to atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) of CCl4 to styrene. When harsh reaction conditions are used, the superiority of the “diene” complexes is highlighted comparing to saturated analogs.The second part concerns the development of new Schiff base analogs: the “salicylamidines”. Several ligand generations have been obtained following different synthetic paths. They have been used for metal coordination, and are especially well-suited for the formation of zinc and aluminium complexes. Some of the compounds have been applied to ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactides, and demonstrated good activity.The last part reports on the synthesis and assessment of metal-based anticancer agents. Some phosphine-gold and phosphine-ruthenium complexes have been synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity on several cancer cell lines. The phosphine-gold complexes showed impressive activities, better than cisplatine. Activity of phosphine-ruthenium is strongly influenced by the nature of the arene, ethyl benzoate derivatives are significantly more cytotoxic than p-cymene ones. Titanium and zirconium complexes with aza-dipyrromethene ligand were synthesized. Preliminary photophysical study was performed and indicated fluorescence. Their anticancer properties were assessed, and they are only poorly cytotoxic
Rosso, Bruno Ubertino. "Utilização de sistemas poliméricos de duas fases aquosas (SPDFA) compostos por polietileno glicol/ácido poliacrílico (PEG/APA) para extração de ácido clavulânico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9134/tde-29062015-161516/.
Full textThe viability of industrial scale production of commercial and therapeutical biotechnological products, such as drugs, is significantly dependent on the separation and purification techniques applied. The use of two-aqueous phase systems (ATPS) is proposed as an alternative to purification because it allows the separation and analysis of biomolecules, so that they do not lose their activities or desired properties. This technique is interesting for large scale purification because it allows selective partition with high potential yield and good cost/benefit ratio. The present work studied the purification of clavulanic acid (CA) by liquid-liquid extraction in ATPS applying a new aqueous polymeric system composed of two polymers, namely polyethylene-glicol (PEG) and sodium polyacrylate (NaPA). Different compositions of the aqueous polymeric system (PEG/PAA) were utilized, employing different PEG molar masses (MPEG) and concentrations (CPEG) and a molar mass of PAA of 8000 g/mol. In the light of the results obtained, the best conditions for clavulanic acid extraction, in the presence of Na2SO4, were MPEG = 400 g/mol, CPEG = 17.5% (m/m) and CNaPA = 22.5% (m/m), which allowed obtaining a partition coefficient (K) of 19.14, a yield in the top phase (ηT) of 91.21%, a mass balance (MB) of 101.69 and a volume ratio (R) of 0.45. On the other hand, in the presence of NaCl, the best results (K = 11.96, ηT = 80.04%, MB = 90.18 and R = 0.66) were found at: MPEG = 400 g/mol, CPEG = 35% m/m and CNaPA = 10% m/m. The effect of clavulanic acid in the PEG-PAA system phase diagram and its partition either in its pure form or in the cell homogenate were studied mainly through both the determination of the partition coefficient and the recovery of the drug selected for this study.
Amara, Zacharias. "Conception et synthèse d'analogues pyrrolidiniques d'alcaloïdes de Lobelia comme ligands potentiels des récepteurs nicotiniques centraux à l'acétylcholine." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01055314.
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