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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Azetidine synthesis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Pearson, Christopher I. "Lithiated azetidine and azetine chemistry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cf3c942f-80de-4092-a38d-11006ccbb9ce.

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This work describes developments in new azetidine and azetine chemistry; specifically, methods developed for the introduction of functionality α- to nitrogen in both ring systems, with additionally in situ formation of the latter system, from azetidine substrates. Chapter 1 discusses the growing importance of azetidines, and the current methods available for making substituted azetidines by ring formation. Further discussion comprises of current sp<sup>3</sup> C–H activation approaches α- to nitrogen in heterocyclic compounds as potential methods for sp<sup>3</sup> C–H activation on azetidines

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2

Lenagh-Snow, Gabriel Matthew Jack. "The synthesis of azetidine and piperidine iminosugars from monosaccharides." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:207235d5-2ea5-4724-92fd-924fa0ccd4ed.

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Iminosugars are polyhydroxylated alkaloids, and can be generally defined as sugar mimetics in which the endocyclic oxygen atom has been replaced with a basic nitrogen. A common affect of this atomic substitution is to bestow these compounds with the ability to inhibit various sugarprocessing enzymes; most significantly the glycosidases (glycoside hydrolases) which areintimately involved in a huge array of biological functions. Compounds which inhibit these enzymes concordantly possess much potential as medicinal agents for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Several iminosugars have alread

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3

Cararas, Shaine A. "Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel GBR 12909 Tropane and Azetidine Hybrid Analogues." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/565.

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The high affinity, selective dopamine transporter ligand GBR 12909 has served as a template for the design of two novel classes of dopamine transporter ligands. A series of 3-[2- (diarylmethoxyethyidenyl)]-N-substituted tropane derivatives were synthesized and the binding affinities of these compounds were determined at the dopamine (DAT), serotonin (SERT) and norepinephrine (NET) transporters in rat brain tissue preparations. The tropane derivatives were found to exhibit more potent affinity and selectivity for DAT than GBR 12909. From the SAR of the tropane analogues and GBR 12909, a n

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4

Forsyth, Andrea N. "Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Rigid Analogues of Methamphetamines." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1436.

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A series of rigid azetidenyl-based methamphetamine analogs were synthesized from commercially available N-Boc-azetidinone. The benzylideneazetidine analogs were prepared via a Wittig olefination via the ylides generated from the corresponding triphenylphosphonium benzylhalide salts. The substituted benzylazetidine analogs were synthesized from the corresponding benzylideneazetidienes via hydrogention over palladium and platinum catalysts. The benzylideneazetidine and benzyliazetidine analogs were evaluated at monoamine transporters as a part of preliminary structure-activity study for the deve

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5

Mortimer, Claire. "New transformations of azacycles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1fe27dc8-6525-4d45-a398-b3e6531e7b99.

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The work presented in this thesis involves new transformations of azacycles, focusing on the introduction of functionality α-to N. α-C-H functionalisation on an azetidine has been a long-standing challenge, with N-protecting/activating groups that work well in the higher and lower azacyclic systems not viable. A recent breakthrough in the Hodgson group showed the rarely used N-thiopivaloyl group was effective for α-deprotonationâ electrophile trapping on azetidines, but was not without limitations concerning harsh removal conditions and scope for further substitutions. This

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6

Glawar, Andreas Felix Gregor. "Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of glycosidase inhibitors in an anti-cancer setting." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:602edf26-d9ff-4fcf-8dec-c8548f3578da.

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The aim of the work described in this thesis was to explore the synthesis of glycosidase inhibitors and to evaluate their potential as anti-cancer agents. Glycosidases catalyze the fission of glycosidic bonds and are involved in vital biological functions. With regard to their potential for anti-cancer therapy, two glycosidases were identified: α-N-acetyl-galactosaminidase and β-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase. The former has been implicated in causing immunosuppression in advanced cancer patients by negating the effect of the macrophage activating factor (MAF), while the latter is secreted by invadin

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7

Honcharenko, Dmytro. "Conformationally Constrained Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Oligonucleotides : Design, Synthesis and Properties." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Bioorganisk kemi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8887.

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This thesis is based on six original research publications describing synthesis, structure and physicochemical and biochemical analysis of chemically modified oligonucleotides (ONs) in terms of their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Synthesis of two types of bicyclic conformationally constrained nucleosides, North-East locked 1',2'-azetidine and North locked 2',4'-aza-ENA, is described. Study of the molecular structures and dynamics of bicyclic nucleosides showed that depending upon the type of fused system they fall into two distinct categories with their respective internal

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8

Yoshizawa, Akina. "Azetidines for asymmetric synthesis." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8719/.

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The creation of asymmetric ligands with lower environmental impact is important, as such chiral N,N' ligands attract some attention. A new method for the synthesis of 1,2,4-trisubstituted amino azetidines with \(cis\) relative configuration across its two stereogenic centres was reported in 2013. Due to this \(cis\) conformation, the azetidine compounds are expected to be good chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis. The nitro aldol (Henry) reaction is an established method for producing new carbon-carbon bonds and is a key reaction in the synthesis of many important compounds. Enantioselectiv

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9

Thaxton, Amber. "Synthesis of Novel Azetidines." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1764.

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Azetidine is a four-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring that has recently received a great deal of attention as a molecular scaffold for the design and preparation of biologically active compounds. Structure-activity studies employing functionalized azetidines have led to the development of variety of drug molecules and clinical candidates encompassing a broad spectrum of biological activities. Herein, the synthesis a novel series of 3-aryl-3-arylmethoxyazetidines is described. Selected 3-aryl-3-arylmethoxyazetidines were evaluated for their binding affinity to multiple monoaminergi

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10

Varghese, Oommen P. "Conformationally Constrained Nucleosides : Design, Synthesis, and Biochemical Evaluation of Modified Antisense Oligonucleotides." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8266.

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11

Pancholi, Alpa Kishor. "Synthesis of substituted azetidines and spirocyclic diazetidines." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/102606/.

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Chapter 1 begins with an introduction to azetidines, including a discussion of the methodologies for their synthesis, their applications, relevance in natural products and as building blocks in medicinal chemistry. It then describes the development of a new asymmetric route to 2-substituted azetidin-3-ones using Enders’ SAMP/RAMP auxiliary. A one-pot process was developed involving the metalation of SAMP hydrazones of N-Boc-azetidin-3-one, alkylation and subsequent in situ hydrolysis to give the substituted products. Various bases and reaction conditions were explored to find optimal condition

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12

PORTAL, MARTINE. "Syntheses de pyrrolidines et azetidines polyfonctionnalisees homochirales d'interet biologique." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066211.

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Les pyrrolidines polyhydroxylees chirales jouent un role biologique important en agissant principalement comme inhibiteurs de glycosidases, antibiotiques, antidiabetiques, insecticides. L'acces aux pyrrolidines et aux azetidines polyhydroxylees a ete realise a partir de produits naturels peu onereux. Dans le chapitre i, nous presentons la synthese du 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-d-mannitol (dmdp, inhibiteur de glucosidases) et d'un diastereoisomere, le 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-l-iditol, a partir du seul d-mannitol. Dans le chapitre ii, nous presentons la synthese de l'acide 3-hydroxy-azetidine-2-carboxy

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13

Feula, Antonio. "Synthesis of azetidines and pyrrolidines : towards medicinal chemistry and organocatalysis applications." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4214/.

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Room temperature iodocyclisation of homoallylamines stereoselectively delivers functionalised 2- (iodomethyl)azetidine derivatives in high yield. Increasing reaction temperature from 20 °C to 50 °C switches the reaction outcome to realise the stereoselective formation of functionalised 3-iodopyrrolidine derivatives. It was shown that these pyrrolidines are formed via thermal isomerisation of the aforementioned azetidines. Primary and secondary amines could be reacted with iodomethyl azetidine derivatives to deliver stable methylamino azetidine derivatives. With subtle changes to the reaction s

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14

Hama, Salih Mariwan Abdulla. "Synthesis of azetidines, γ-lactams, fused furan bispyrrolidines and 2-pyrazolines : towards medical application". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6838/.

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Azetidines are important class of heterocyclic organic compounds in drug discovery and natural product synthesis. Several natural products and pharmaceuticals are containing azetidine precursors such as, penaresidin and Azelnidipine. Iodine mediated cyclisation of homoallylamines were found to furnish iodoazetidines at 20 °C and further reaction with amine nucelophiles afforded aminoazetidines in high yields. The cyclisation of various homoallylamines which different substitution patterns using molecular iodine to furnish new classes of compounds with interesting biological applications were s

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15

Michaud, Thierry. "Synthese d'heterocycles azotes enatiomeriquement purs (aziridines, azetidines, isoxazoles) au depart de monosaccharides." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF21711.

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Un axe important de la chimie des glucides est leur utilisation comme source de chiralite dans la synthese de molecules a proprietes biologiques potentielles. Notre objectif a ete la synthese d'azetidines polyhydroxylees substituees en 2 et 3, enantiomeriquement pures, au depart de monosaccharides. Des ditosylates en 4,6 ont ete prepares en quatre etapes au depart des d-gluco- et d-mannopyranose par acetalisation, c-alkylation, hydrolyse et tosylation. Dans la serie du d-glucopyranose l'action d'amines primaires (methyl-, benzyl-, et tertbutylamine) sur les derives ditosyles permet d'acceder,

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16

KOBAITER, RANDA. "Beta-lactames monocycliques activees : * 3,3-dihalo-azetidin-2-ones, substrats suicides des elastases; * 4-methylene-azetidin-2-ones, synthese par substitution vinylique intramoleculaire catalysee par le cuivre." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112337.

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Le but de ce travail a ete d'obtenir de nouvelles beta-lactames monocycliques activees, inhibiteurs potentiels d'enzymes a serine active beta-lactamases et d,d-peptidases bacteriennes, proteinases humaines telle que l'elastase leucocytaire (hle). L'activation peut etre obtenue soit par la presence d'un carbone sp#2 en c#4 (4-methylene-azetidin-2-ones) soit par gem-dihalosubstitution en c#3 (n-aryl azetidin-2-ones fonctionnalisees). La synthese des 4-methylene-azetidinones a ete effectuee par substitution d'un halogenure de vinyle par un groupe amide voisin, dans les conditions neutres (cuivre

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17

Slaughter, Kimari. "Synthesis and Development of Potential CB1 Receptor Neutral Antagonists." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1483.

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Cannabis and its derivatives have been used for both medicinal and recreational purposes. The study of this plant led to the discovery of over 60 cannabinoids, found exclusively in cannabis, that contribute to the behavioral effects of cannabis use, the most common is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Cannabinoid receptors function to increase activity in the mesolimbic dopamine reward system. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a major role in addition and its regulation plays a crucial role in mental and physical well-being. There is evidence that CB1 receptors are important to the reinfor

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18

Odom, Lindsay D. "Reactions of diazoketones catalyzed by rhodium (II) : synthesis of functionalized azetidines and tetrahydrofurans as potential protein kinase C inhibitors /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1331395991&SrchMode=1&sid=8&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1218744025&clientId=22256.

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19

Kim, Zin Sig [Verfasser], and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Enders. "Asymmetrische Synthese von 1,3-Aminoalkoholen und deren Anwendung zur Synthese von Azetidinen und 1-Azabicyclen / Zin Sig Kim ; Betreuer: Dieter Enders." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1137488824/34.

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20

Martinand-Lurin, Élodie. "Hétérocycles et réactions pallado-catalysées : développements méthodologiques, études mécanistiques et application en synthèse totale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112018/document.

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Le développement de nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse toujours plus efficaces, sélectives et éco-compatibles apparaît comme un défi permanent tant l’intérêt suscité pour les composés hétérocycliques est important. Ce projet de thèse s’articule autour de plusieurs axes dans ce domaine.Tout d’abord, nous avons exploité la réactivité des N-(sulfonyl) et N-(sulfamoyl)aziridines en tant que précurseurs de dipôles 1,3 en vue de préparer divers 1-azaspiro[5.n]alcanes. L’étude mécanistique de cette réaction de cycloaddition [3+2] réalisée par calculs DFT permet de montrer que l’étape cinétiquement d

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21

Sajjadi, Hashemi Zohreh. "Substituted azetidine-2 carboxylic acid synthesis." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16791.

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22

Hsin-Yi, Wei, and 魏欣怡. "Study on Nylon 6 Synthesis via Anionic Polymerization Using Azetidine-2,4-diones as the Activators." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77557112602501694593.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>化學工程學系<br>93<br>This research focused on the study of anionic ring-opening polymerization of caprolactum to synthesize Nylon 6 using structurally varied azetidine-2, 4-diones as the activators. The polymerizations were carried out by a one-step melt-process to find out the effects of activator’s concentration, types (aromatic or aliphatic), functionalities ( n=1 and 2), substituents (on azetidine-2,4-dione ring) as well as those of reaction temperature on polymerization rates. The aim is to find the best activator and optimal condition for possible application in reaction injec

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23

Cheng, Hsin-Yu, and 張新佑. "Rapid Melt Synthesis of Elastomers from Bis-azetidine-2,4-dione Intermediates and Study of their Structure and Morphology Relationships." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12161778229001993677.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>化學工程學系所<br>94<br>Two methods of synthesizing bis-azetidiene-2, 4-dione intermediates have been accomplished in our lab for preparation of three bis-azetidine-2, 4-dione, PBAZ, MBAZ, and LBAZ for our study. Using a thermal process, diethylketene cyclo-adds to aromatic diisocyanates to form aromatic bis-azetidine-2, 4-diones. The yields of bis-aztidine-2, 4-diones from p-phenylene diisocyanate(PPDI) and 4, 4’-dipehnylene diisocyanate (4, 4’-MDI) were found to be 74％ (for PBAZ) and 82% (MBAZ) respectively. Whereas, N, N’-hexamethylene bis-azetidine-2, 4-dione(LBAZ) an aliphatic co

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24

Toske, Steven Gerald. "Part I : synthesis of azetidin-2-ones from pyrazolidin-3-ones ; Part II : synthesis of a subunit of the immunosuppressant FK-506." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35676.

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25

Gries, Jörg [Verfasser]. "1,3-Aminoalkohole als Bausteine in der asymmetrischen Synthese von Azetidinen, Azetidincarbonsäuren und Piperidin-3-olen / vorgelegt von Jörg Gries." 2005. http://d-nb.info/977243362/34.

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