Relevant bibliographies by topics / Azo compounds

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Azo compounds'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Azo compounds"

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Beck, Karin, Harald Burghard, Gabriele Fischer, Siegfried Hünig, and Petra Reinold. "Azo Cope Rearrangements of Nonstabilized Azo Compounds." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 26, no. 7 (July 1987): 672–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198706721.

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Matsui, Masaki, Shigeo Kawamura, Katusoyoshi Shibata, Hiroshige Muramatsu, Motohiro Mitani, Hideo Sawada, and Masaharu Nakayama. "Perfluoroalkylation of azo compounds." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 57, no. 1-3 (April 1992): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(00)82833-x.

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Kempa, S., L. Wallach, and K. Rueck-Braun. "ChemInform Abstract: Aliphatic Azo Compounds." ChemInform 43, no. 36 (August 9, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201236234.

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Jamain, Zuhair, Melati Khairuddean, and Tay Guan-Seng. "Synthesis of New Star-Shaped Liquid Crystalline Cyclotriphosphazene Derivatives with Fire Retardancy Bearing Amide-Azo and Azo-Azo Linking Units." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 4267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124267.

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Two series of new hexasubstituted cyclotriphosphazene derivatives were successfully synthesized and characterized. These derivatives are differentiated by two types of linking units in the molecules such as amide-azo (6a–j) and azo-azo (8a–j). The homologues of the same series contain different terminal substituents such as heptyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, chloro, nitro, and amino groups. All the intermediates and final compounds were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen (CHN) elemental analysis. Liquid crystal properties for all compounds were determined using polarized optical microscope (POM). It was found that only intermediates 2a–e with nitro and alkoxyl terminal chains showed a smectic A phase. All the final compounds with alkoxyl substituents are mesogenic with either smectic A or C phases. However, other intermediates and compounds were found to be non-mesogenic. The study on the fire retardancy of final compounds was determined using limiting oxygen index (LOI) method. The LOI value of pure polyester resin (22.53%) was increased up to 24.71% after treating with 1 wt% of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP). Moreover, all the compounds gave positive results on the LOI values and compound 6i with the nitro terminal substituent showed the highest LOI value of 27.54%.
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Al-Majdi, Zainab Radhi, Wedad Hamad Al-Dahhan, Mehdi Salih Shihab, and Mehdi Honarvar Nazari. "Azo Compounds and their Potential Applications: Article Review." Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences 9, no. 01 (February 14, 2025): 144–63. https://doi.org/10.32441/kjps.09.01.p10.

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A review of the existing body of literature about azo compounds and their practical applications. Azo compounds, which include a (-N=N-) group, serve as the fundamental structure for several produced compounds in different fields of chemistry, particularly coordination chemistry. These compounds are extensively utilized as coloring agents, as they account for around fifty percent of synthetic colors. Azo compounds are a significant class of chemicals with different applications in various fields of life. Due to the wide variety of their applications, it is essential to possess different synthesis techniques in order to get new azo derivatives with high yields. The main viable techniques for synthesizing azo compounds are diazotization and azo coupling reactions. Azo compounds have diverse uses in areas including anticancer, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial activities. In addition, it has several additional uses such as coloring fiber, printing systems, photo-electronics, polymer additives, and storage, and providing resistance to solvents, water, light, and weather.
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Cheon, Kap-Soo, Peter M. Kazmaier, Sam-Rok Keum, Kuk-Tae Park, and Erwin Buncel. "Azo-functionalized dendrimers." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 82, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v04-009.

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We report the synthesis of azo-functionalized Starburst polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. The following three systems of azo-functionalized PAMAM dendrimers were prepared by different synthetic routes: (i) phenylazo derivatives; (ii) naphthalimide azo derivatives; and (iii) phthalimide azo derivatives. Model compounds in each system were synthesized for spectroscopic comparison. Confirmation of structure was achieved using a combination of NMR and IR spectroscopy to ascertain the functional sites (i.e., the azo and the cyclic imides), while mass spectrometry and UV–vis spectrophotometry were employed to ascertain the extent of functionalization. Substitution by the azo pendent groups increased the thermal stability of PAMAM dendrimers (TGA weight loss of the naphthalimide azo-functionalized PAMAM dendrimers up to 300 °C, ca. 5%).Key words: dendrimers, azo compounds, hydrazones, tautomerism, hydrogen bonding.
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Ali, Yousaf, Shafida Abd Hamid, and Umer Rashid. "Biomedical Applications of Aromatic Azo Compounds." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 18 (October 12, 2018): 1548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557518666180524113111.

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Klismeta, K., J. Teteris, and J. Aleksejeva. "Photoinduced mass transport in azo compounds." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 49 (December 13, 2013): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/49/1/012036.

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Ungureanu, Eleonora-Mihaela, Alexandru C. Razus, Liviu Birzan, Mariana-Stefania Cretu, and George-Octavian Buica. "Electrochemical study of azo–azulene compounds." Electrochimica Acta 53, no. 24 (October 2008): 7089–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.04.087.

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MATSUI, M., S. KAWAMURA, K. SHIBATA, H. MURAMATSU, M. MITANI, H. SAWADA, and M. NAKAYAMA. "ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkylation of Azo Compounds." ChemInform 24, no. 28 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199328132.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Azo compounds"

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Iannarelli, Paul M. "Routes to novel azo compounds." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3492.

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Routes to novel heterocyclic azo compounds and components of use as potential inkjet dyes were investigated. A new route to fluorenones from biphenyl acid chlorides using FVP (Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis) has been discovered. Fluorenone and 4-methylfluoren-9-one were prepared by FVP of 2-phenylbenzoyl chloride and 2-methylbiphenyl-2-carbonyl chloride respectively. Xanthen-9-one and thioxanthen-9-one were also prepared by FVP from the corresponding acid chlorides. 9-Phenanthrol could also be prepared via the FVP of biphenylacetyl choride and the application of this method to a heterocylic thiophene system afforded naphtho[1,2-b]thiophen-4-ol. Naphtho[2,1-b]thiophen-4-ol and naphtho[1,2-b]furan- 4-ol could be obtained in low yields by the FVP of (2-thiophen-3-ylphenyl)acetic acid methyl ester and (2-furan-2-ylphenyl) acetic acid methyl ester over a tungsten trioxide catalyst. Coupling of these systems with the diazonium salt of Acid Yellow 9 afforded the corresponding azo compounds. New heterocyclic dyes were also prepared from the condensation of heterocyclic hydrazines with 4,9-disulfophenanthrenequinone. Pyridine, pyridazine, phthalazine, isoquinoline and 2-quinoline disulfophenanthrene quinone metallised 2:1 nickel complexed magenta dyes were prepared. Industrial tests by standard methods revealed the pyridazine dye has a particularly impressive balance of light and ozone fastness over similar magenta dyes. The reaction of an arylnitro compound with 2-aminopyridine appeared to be an attractive and high yielding route to 2-(phenylazo)pyridine. However, application of this reaction to substituted and naphthalene systems failed. This afforded byproducts due to nucleophilic substitution of groups such as methoxy and the relatively uncommon nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen with none of the required azo products obtained. Therefore it appeared that the reaction of a nitro and amine was not a robust and versatile route to heterocyclic azo compounds. An alternate route to heterocyclic azo compounds involved the use of the Mills reaction by the condensation o-anisidine, p-chloroaniline, 2-aminophenol, 3- aminophenol, naphthylamine, 8-amnioquinoline and 2-acetylamino-5-aminobenzenesulfonic acid with 2-nitrosopyridine afforded the heterocyclic azo products in moderate to high yields. The Mills reaction does appear to be the favored route to heterocyclic azo compounds. Several factors were identified which affect the process of bisazo coupling of chromotropic acid and products obtained. Reaction at the ipso position of monoPACAs (2-phenylazochromotropic acid) leading to increased yields of the ipso substitution monoPACA by-product as opposed to the expected bisazo coupling position was a major problem. Studies indicated reactivity at the ipso position was greatly reduced by the presence of electron withdrawing groups around the phenyl ring of the monoPACA. Further study indicated reaction at the bisazo coupling position increased with the strength of the diazonium salt used in bisazo coupling. Therefore the electronic nature of the monoPACA starting material and the diazonium salt used in bisazo coupling greatly affected the products obtained. Reaction pH studies also revealed attack at the bisazo coupling position increases with pH and at lower pH (5.0 – 8.0) attack at the ipso position dominated. Reactivity of the monoPACA starting material also increased with pH. The influence of steric effects upon bisazo coupling revealed, in the cases where ortho sulfonic acid groups were present in the monoPACA, a reduction in attack at the ipso position. Hence the reaction appeared to be directed towards the required bisazo coupling position.
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Newington, Ian M. "Azo-anions in organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:690ab891-be13-4582-a029-47974d20adac.

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Novel synthetic applications of ambident azo-anions derived from hindered hydrazones have been investigated. Reaction with electrophiles occurred predominantly at carbon as the N-addition pathway was sterically retarded. Trityl, diphenyl-4-pyridylmethyl (DPP) benzhydryl, and t-butyldiphenylmethyl (BDP) hydrazones of various aldehydes and ketones were prepared in good yields from the corresponding hydrazines and carbonyls in aqueous methanol. The lithium salts derived from trityl and DPP hydrazones, by treatment with methyl lithium at -55°C, reacted with aldehydes and ketones to generate azo-alkoxides. These could be diverted to alcohols,by sequential protonation and spontaneous homolysis (about -20°C) in the presence of ethanethiol, or to alkenes,by treatment with phosphorus trichloride at -78 G followed by azo-homolysis. The reactions enabled efficient reductive cross-coupling of aldehydes and ketones. The mechanism of the alkene forming reaction was investigated. Anions of benzhydryl hydrazones were found to react inefficiently by a G-addition pathway giving mainly N-addition products. Anions of BDP hydrazones conveniently gave excellent yields of azo-alkanes upon treatment with alkyl halides,but no products were obtained on reaction with carbonyl electrophiles. The azo-alkanes could be isolated and purified and acted as key intermediates for several synthetically useful transformations. Homolysis in refluxing benzene with thiophenol gave alkanes in good yields. Phenylselenenyl-, bromo-, and chloro-alkanes,and β-alkylstyrenes were generated when thiol was replaced by diphenyl diselenide, N-bromosuccinimide, N-chlorosuccinimide and β-nitrostyrene respectively. Treatment of the azo-alkanes with trifluoroacetic acid generated benzophenone alkylhydrazones. These were dissolved in ethanol with concentrated hydrochloric acid, thereafter hydrolysis yielded alkylhydrazines or treatment with hydrogen (1 atm., 50°C, 20h) over 10% Pd/C generated primary amines by a novel use of carbonyls as α-aminocarbanion equivalents.
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MacDonald, Ranald John. "Novel routes to heterocyclic Azo compounds." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5787.

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The potential use of electron-deficient heterocyclic azo compounds as inkjet dyes was explored. 2-Nitrosopyridine could be used to form a series of azo compounds via the Mills’ reaction with electron-rich aromatic amines. Conditions for this process were optimised by varying solvent and pH. In the presence of ethers, 2-nitrosopyridine is quickly reduced to azoxypyridine. This reaction follows first order kinetics; diethyl and diisopropyl ether react at similar rates, whereas cyclic ethers such as THF are far slower. Organic bases such as Hunigs base were also found to promote formation of azoxypyridine. The mechanism of this reduction was studied. The electrochemistry of 2-nitrosopyridine and azoxypyridine was also explored. Using the optimised conditions for the Mills’ reaction, 2-nitrosopyridine not only reacts with electron-rich amines but also electron-deficient examples. The series was also expanded to include other heterocycles as well as pyridine via the corresponding heterocyclic nitroso compound. Other nitroso compounds prepared were 1- nitrosoisoquinoline, 2-nitrosopyrazine, 4-nitrosopyrimidine and 2-nitrosopyrimidine. The absorption maxima of azo compounds prepared from these precursors were found to correlate with the values for the corresponding azobenzenes. 2-Nitrosopyridine and 2-nitrosopyrimidine react with diamines to give monoazo products. These in turn could be diazotised and coupled with various components to give either bisazo or trisazo compounds. These dyes were tested for their ozone and light fastness properties. The bisazo examples were found to have good ozone fastness but poor light fastness. The pyrimidine examples only showed a slight improvement in ozone and light fastness compared to their pyridine analogue. 2,3-Phthalocyanines are important components in cyan dyes. New routes to precursors of these compounds were explored using flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP).
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江鳳思 and Fung-sze Kong. "The chemistry of Osmium carbonyl clusters containing organomercurials and azo-compounds." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31238695.

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Kong, Fung-sze. "The chemistry of Osmium carbonyl clusters containing organomercurials and azo-compounds /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21021545.

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Clarke, Ronald James. "Kinetic and equilibrium studies of cyclodextrin-azo dye inclusion complexes /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc5992.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, 1985.<br>Offprints of two author's journal articles inserted at end of the v. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 10-12).
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McNair, Craig. "Synthetic approaches to substituted Ca4B-type azo compounds." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366902.

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Shahkar, G. R. "Thermal decomposition of azo compounds in the gas phase." Thesis, Swansea University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638804.

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West, Lee Charles. "A study of bibracchial lariat ether complexes and linked cyclodextrin dimer complexes." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw5182.pdf.

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Includes errata attached to first leaf. Includes bibliographical references. The complexation of a range of monovalent and divalent metal ions by the bibracchial lariat ethers has been investigated. Also investigates the complexation of metal ions and the anionic azo dye Brilliant Yellow by the diazacrown linked cyclodextrin dimers.
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Hywel, Meilir. "Laser control of the photoisomerisation of azo-compounds : a theoretical study." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520068.

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Books on the topic "Azo compounds"

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R, Cary, Dobson S, Ball Ellen M, World Health Organization, International Program on Chemical Safety., and Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals., eds. Azodicarbonamide. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1999.

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Joseph Johannes Gerardus Steven van Es. 1, 3-cycloaddition reactions of diphenylphosphinoyl-activated azomethine ylides and 2-azaallyl anions: Synthetic applications and mechanistic aspects. 'S-Gravenhage: Pasmans Offsetdrukkerij BV, 1992.

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H, Liu Michael T., ed. Chemistry of diazirines. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1987.

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Bradshaw, J. S. Aza-crown macrocycles. New York: Wiley, 1993.

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Commission, Monopolies and Mergers. Valhi Inc and Akzo NV: A report on the proposed merger. London: HMSO, 1991.

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1934-, Neu Harold C., Young Lowell S, and Zinner Stephen H. 1939-, eds. The New macrolides, azalides, and streptogramins: Pharmacology and clinical applications. New York: M. Dekker, 1993.

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Patai, Saul E. Chemistry of Hydrazo Azo and Azoxy Groups. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2010.

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Patai, Saul E. Chemistry of the Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Groups. Wiley & Sons Australia, Limited, John, 2004.

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Patai, Saul. Chemistry of the Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Groups. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2006.

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Rappoport, Zvi, and Saul Patai. Chemistry of the Hydrazo, Azo and Azoxy Groups, Volume 2. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Azo compounds"

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Koeber, Karl, Helga Köttelwesch, Dietrich Schneider, Helga Demmer, and Edith Schleitzer-Rust. "Complexes with Azo Compounds." In Mn Manganese D 5, 278–317. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08175-4_8.

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Davies, A. G. "17.9.4 Radical cations of azo compounds." In Phosphorus-Centered Radicals, Radicals Centered on Other Heteroatoms, Organic Radical Ions. Part 2, 425–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87641-0_43.

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Horowitz, A., and L. A. Rajbenbach. "Radiation chemistry of hydrazo and azo compounds." In Chemistry of Functional Groups, 313–27. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686317.ch10.

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Mackenzie, Kenneth. "Formation and fragmentation of cyclic azo compounds." In Chemistry of Functional Groups, 329–442. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686317.ch11.

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Bruce, M. I., and B. L. Goodall. "The transition metal chemistry of azo compounds." In Chemistry of Functional Groups, 259–311. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686317.ch9.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Effective magnetic moment of [Fe(azo-dtc)3]." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 2242. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_2000.

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Thomas, F. G., and K. G. Boto. "The electrochemistry of azoxy, azo and hydrazo compounds." In Chemistry of Functional Groups, 443–93. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686317.ch12.

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Tam, S. W. "Mass spectra of hydrazo, azo and azoxy compounds." In Chemistry of Functional Groups, 109–27. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470686317.ch5.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of dinuclear cobalt(II) complex with ONNO donor azo dye." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 1233. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_727.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of dinuclear cobalt(II) complex with chelating azo dye ligand." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 1234–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_728.

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Conference papers on the topic "Azo compounds"

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Shaw, Robert W. "Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) and the Army." In CORROSION 2009, 1–6. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09246.

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Abstract During the mid 1980s, the problems of disposing of toxic military materials gained increasing attention. In response, the Army Research Office (ARO) expanded its basic research program on destruction of toxic materials. Previously focused on Chemical Warfare Agent (CWA) decontamination to protect the soldier under attack, the program changed to include weapon demilitarization. ARO reviewed those technologies in use and those in preparation to transform highly toxic organic compounds to relatively benign products and transformation chemistries that move completely to products with no possibility for back reactions. We sought chemistries that required the introduction of no or only a minimum of additional reagents. This assessment led us to focus on medium and high temperature oxidation and, specifically, on incineration and supercritical water oxidation (SCWO). This talk will describe subsequent Army supported university research, the principal experimental challenges encountered, salt deposition and corrosion, and work done in DOE and other labs to attack a wide range of difficult waste problems.
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Norsworthy, Richard. "Addressing Soil Stress and CP Shielding by Using a Woven Geotextile Fabric Backed Tape System with a Rubber Modified Bituminous Compound." In CORROSION 2000, 1–10. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00769.

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Abstract Soil stress and cathodic protection shielding problems of tape coatings have been two of the most discussed problems in the pipeline industry. The challenge to develop a tape coating system that helps mitigate these problems was taken by one company approximately ten years ago. This particular tape coating system has a woven geotextile fabric backing (soil side) over a compound composed of a rubber modified bitumen. This tape system is cold applied by wrapping over a properly prepared and primed pipe surface and has been successful in overcoming many of the problems associated with soil stress and CP shielding.
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Carter, Jay, and Jeffrey Lewis. "CarterCopter Technology Goes Offshore: Commercial Variant with Full Hover Capability." In Vertical Flight Society 71st Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–9. The Vertical Flight Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0071-2015-10506.

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Carter Aviation Technologies, LLC has been developing its Slowed Rotor/Compound (SR/C™) technology for over 20 years. A key enabler of the SR/C technology is a rotor and related control system that permits high advance ratio flight while maintaining rotor stability. Carter has demonstrated this capability in flight with its Personal Air Vehicle (PAV), which has jump takeoff and zero-roll landing capability. A decade ago, Carter established a full hovering configuration employing SR/C technology in response to the Joint Heavy Lift (JHL) requirement. Today, Carter is taking that same approach, but sized for the offshore oil platform service mission. This paper briefly describes the history of SR/C development and the JHL configuration, and then focuses on the Carter CC-221, a new platform aimed at the offshore oil rotorcraft market. The development and analysis of the CC-221 configuration demonstrates that Carter's SR/C technology is directly applicable to hovering aircraft with performance that is very attractive, particularly for those missions requiring high speed and/or long range.
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Holder, Albert. "Advantages of Powder Coatings." In CORROSION 1990, 1–6. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90475.

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Abstract Powder coating, a curiosity only a short while ago, has turned into a 17% per annum growth item in the United States. How did this happen? The equipment manufacturers improved the efficiency and equipment was custom made on request, the powder manufacturers themselves invested in significant research and development, but it would be fair to say that the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) inadvertently did the most to advance this technology by reducing allowable volatile organic compound (VOC). The Federal Government, while slow to change, has invested substantial time and money, and is using the products. For example, the Navy coating maintenance facilities on the east and west coasts are increasing their usage. Why this sudden interest? One hundred percent solids, no waste on over spray, dry film thickness from 0.8 mil to 300+ mils, pencil hardness of 6H, are good enough reasons. But most of all, when we recognize that near zero VOC is definitely coming. A survey of the options indicates that for those components where fusion of the coating is feasible, powder coating is a good way to go.
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Simu, Georgeta M., Gianina Bals, Mihaiel ANDONI, Germaine Savoiu-Blaint, Maria Grad, and Anca Dragomirescu. "AZO COMPOUNDS WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY." In The 14th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-14-00492.

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Czaplicki, Robert, Sylvie Dabos Seignon, Francois Kajzar, Mina Bakasse, Jacek Niziol, Monika Bednarz, and Bouchta Sahraoui. "Functionalized Azo-Carbazole Compounds for Nonlinear Optical Application." In Proceedings of 2006 8th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton.2006.248336.

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Petruskevicius, R., D. Urbonas, M. Gabalis, A. Balcytis, G. Seniutinas, R. Tomasiunas, and V. Getautis. "Optical poling of azo-compounds for applications in nanophotonics." In 2013 15th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton.2013.6602722.

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Haddad, Batool S., and Mariam Abdul-bary. "Synthesis of new Azo compounds combining with heterocyclic groups." In International Conference of Chemistry and Petrochemical Techniques (ICCPT). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093536.

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Tadić, Julijana D., Jelena M. Lađarević, Maja D. Marković, Aleksandra M. Ivanovska, Mirjana M. Kostić, and Dušan Ž. Mijin. "A NOVEL AZO-AZOMETHINE DYE: SYNTHESIS, DYEING AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.379t.

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Schiff bases, or azomethine compounds, are commonly employed in the fields of organic synthesis, metal complexes, materials, and engineering. Especially, they have gained importance in medicinal researches, considering their antimicrobial, anticancer, anti- inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. On the other side, azo dyes are the most significant group of synthetic dyes, utilized in textile fiber dyeing. Conjugation of Schiff bases with azo compounds leads to the class of azo-azomethine dyes, which have numerous applications related to their coloration and biological properties. Viscose is a textile material widely used in the medicine. Moreover, viscose fiber can be engineered in many ways which are significant in the development of medical materials. The antioxidant effect is an important feature of medical textiles, such as wound dressings. In this work, the microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of novel azo-azomethine dye are reported. The azo-azomethine dye is obtained by the condensation between arylazo pyridone dye and 4-aminophenol. The structure of synthesized dye was determined by ATR-FTIR, NMR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Azo- azomethine dye was used for dyeing viscose, and the washing fastness of dyed material was evaluated according to the standard method. The viscose fabrics, before and after washing, were analyzed in terms of their color coordinates in the CIELab color space. The antioxidant properties of azo-azomethine dye and dyed viscose fabrics were examined by the ABTS method.
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Umeda, Minoru. "Electron transfer and geminate pair dissociation processes in layered photoreceptors containing azo compounds." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Stephen Ducharme and James W. Stasiak. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.328162.

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Reports on the topic "Azo compounds"

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Marinov, Yordan G., and Georgi B. Hadjichristov. Electro-optical Characteristics of Thin Films of Aerosil-7CB Nematic Gel Nanocomposites Doped with Photoresponsive Liquid Crystalline Azo - compounds. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.10.05.

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Phillips, Donald A., Yitzhak Spiegel, and Howard Ferris. Optimizing nematode management by defining natural chemical bases of behavior. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587234.bard.

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This project was based on the hypothesis that nematodes interacting with plants as either parasites or beneficial saprophytes are attracted to their host by natural products. This concept was supported by numerous observations that parasitic nematodes are attracted to root exudates. Our overall goal was to identify nematode sensory compounds from root exudates and to use that information for reducing nematicide applications. We applied skills of the investigators to achieve three specific objectives: 1) Identify nematode behavioral cues (e.g., attractants or repellents) in root exudates; 2) Identify new natural nematicidal compounds; and 3) Combine a natural attractant and a nematicide into a nematode trap. Because saprophytic nematodes benefit plants by mineralizing organic matter, we sought compounds attractive primarily to parasitic nematodes. The project was constructed on several complementary foundations. First, data from Dr. Spiegel’s lab showed that under aseptic conditions Ditylenchus dipsaci, a parasite on onion, is attracted to certain fractions of onion root exudates. Second, PI Phillips had a sizeable collection of natural plant products he had identified from previous work on Rhizobium-legume interactions, which could be tested “off the shelf”. Third, Dr. Ferris had access to aseptic and natural populations of various saprophytic and parasitic nematodes. The project focused on five nematode species: D.dipsaci, Heterodera avenae, and Tylenchulussemipenetransat ARO, and Meloidogyne javanicand Caenorhabditis elegans at UCD. Ten pure plant compounds, mostly flavonoids, were tested on the various nematode species using six different assay systems. Results obtained with assorted test systems and by various scientists in the same test systems were essentially irreproducible. Many convincing, Many convincing, i.e. statistically significant, results in one system or with one investigator could not be repeated with other assays or different people. A recent report from others found that these compounds, plus another 30, were inactive as attractants in three additional parasitic nematode species (Wuyts et al. Nematology 8:89- 101, 2006). Assays designed to test the hypothesis that several compounds together are required to attract nematodes have thus far failed to find a reproducibly active combination. In contrast to results using pure plant compounds, complex unfractionated exudates from aseptic onion root reproducibly attracted D. dipsaci in both the ARO and UCD labs. Onion root exudate collection, separation into HPLC fractions, assays using D. dipsaci and MS-MS experiments proceeded collaboratively between ARO and UCD without any definitive identification of an active compound. The final active fraction contained two major molecules and traces of several other compounds. In the end, analytical studies were limited by the amount of onion root exudate and the complexity of the purification process. These tests showed that aseptic plant roots release attractant molecules, but whether nematodes influence that release, as insects trigger release of attractants from plants, is unknown. Related experiments showed that the saprophyte C. elegans stimulates its prey, Pseudomonas bacteria, to increase production of 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) a compound that promotes amino acid exudation by plant roots. It is thus possible that saprophytic nematodes are attracted primarily to their bacterial or fungal prey and secondarily to effects of those microorganisms on root exudation. These observations offer promising avenues for understanding root-zone interactions, but no direct routes to controlling nematodes in agriculture were evident. Extracts from two plant sources, Chrysanthemum coronarium and Sequoia sempervirens, showed nematicidal activity at ARO and UCD, respectively. Attempts to purify an active compound from S. sempervirens failed, but preliminary results from C. coronarium are judged to form a potential basis for further work at ARO. These results highlight the problems of studying complex movement patterns in sentient organisms like nematodes and the issues associated with natural product isolation from complex mixtures. Those two difficulties combined with complications now associated with obtaining US visas, slowed and ultimately limited progress on this project. As a result, US investigators expended only 65% of the $207,400 originally planned for this project. The Israeli side of the project advanced more directly toward its scientific goals and lists its expenditures in the customary financial report.
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Cytryn, E., Sean F. Brady, and O. Frenkel. Cutting edge culture independent pipeline for detection of novel anti-fungal plant protection compounds in suppressive soils. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2022.8134142.bard.

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Fusarium oxysporum spp. causes Panama disease in bananas and crown and root rot in an array of vegetables and field crops, but increased regulations have restricted the use of many conventional chemical pesticides, and there are a limited number of commercially available products effective against them. The soil microbiome represents a largely untapped reservoir of secondary metabolites that can potentially antagonize fungal pathogens. However, most soil bacteria cannot be cultivated using conventional techniques and therefore most of these compounds remain unexplored. The overall goal of this two-year project was to extract and characterize novel secondary metabolites from "unculturable" soil microbiomes that antagonize Fusarium and other fungal plant pathogens. Initially, the Cytryn lab at the Volcani Institute (ARO) identified candidate biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding for potentially novel antifungal compounds (specifically non-ribosomal peptides and polyketides) in soil and plant root microbiomes using cutting-edge metagenomic platforms. Next, the Brady lab at Rockefeller University (RU) screened archived soil metagenomic cosmid libraries for these BGCs, and heterologously expressed them in suitable hosts. Finally, the Frenkel and Cytryn labs at ARO assessed the capacity of these heterologous expressed strains to antagonize Fusarium and other fungal plant pathogens. Initially tomato and lettuce were analyzed, and subsequently roots of cucumbers grown in suppressive (biochar amended) soils were targeted. We found that the composition of tomato and lettuce root BGCs are similar to each other, but significantly different from adjacent bulk soil, indicating that root bacteria possess specific secondary metabolites that are potentially associated with rhizosphere competence. BGC linked to known metabolites included various antimicrobial, (e.g., streptazone E, sessilin), antifungal (heat-stable antifungal factor- HSAF, II and ECO-02301), and insecticidal (melingmycin, orfamide A) compounds. However, over 90% of the identified BGCs were moderately to significantly different from those encoding for characterized secondary metabolites, highlighting the profusion of potentially novel secondary metabolites in both root and soil environments. Novel BGCs that were abundant in roots and remotely resembled those of antifungal compounds were transferred to RU for subsequent screening and five were identified in RU soil metagenomic cosmid libraries. Two of these clusters (BARD-1711 BARD-B481) were heterologously-expressed in a Streptomyces albus J1074 strain, and transferred to ARO. The strain harboring BARAD-B481 was found to antagonize Fusarium significantly more than the host strain, indicating that this BGCs product has antifungal activity. Future studies will need to work on chemically characterizing the BARAD-B481 BGC and progress with the above described pipeline for other interesting BGCs.
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Galili, Gad, Harry J. Klee, and Asaph Aharoni. Elucidating the impact of enhanced conversion of primary to secondary metabolism on phenylpropanoids secondary metabolites associated with flavor, aroma and health in tomato fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597920.bard.

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• Targeted manipulating Phenylalanine (Phe) synthesis is one of the most powerful strategies to boost the biologically and economically important secondary metabolites, including phenylpropaniods, aromatic volatiles and specialized secondary metabolites. • Over-expression of the petunia MYB transcript factor, ODORANT1 (ODO1), results in significant alterations of the levels of specific phenylpropanoid compounds in plants. • Our previous studies indicated that ectopic expression of the feedback-insensitive AroG could break the bottleneck between primary and secondary metabolisms in tomato, thereby aiding in producing new tomato composition and identifying the unknown roles of multiple key regulators in specialized metabolism. Therefore, combining the AroG and ODO1 is of particular interest for elucidating the combined regulatory role of both of these genes in the Phe metabolic pathway, as well as generating tomato fruits that contain higher levels of secondary metabolites. • Here, we performed the LC-MS and GC-MS analyses on fruits of four tomato genotypes, namely, wild type tomato fruits as well as tomato fruits expressing the AroG, ODO1 and the combination of AroG plus ODO1 (AO) genotypes. Our results elaborated that the levels of many of the Phe-derived metabolites were predominately altered in fruits of the AO genotype, compared to tomato fruits expressing either AroG or ODO1 individually. The levels of most of these metabolites were significantly stimulated, such as Tyrosine (Tyr), coumaric acid and ferulic acid derived metabolites, but the levels of some important secondary metabolites were reduced in the AO transgenic genotypes as compared to either AroG or ODO1 lines. Nevertheless, our results also revealed that the levels of aromatic volatiles were obviously down regulated in the AO, compared to that in AroG transgenic fruits, but were boosted while compared to the wild type and ODO1 transgenic fruits. • Our results suggest that ODO1 expression may also have a negative effect on the production of some of the aromatic volatiles in tomato fruits, indicating that ODO1 acts as an important regulator of the shikimate pathway, which leads to the production of the aromatic amino acids and secondary metabolites derived from them. Key words: AroG, ODO1, tomato, metabolism, shikimate pathway
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Goel, Dr Divanshu, and Dr Manjeet Singh. HYBRID EXTERNAL FIXATION FOR PROXIMAL TIBIAL FRACTURES. World Wide Journals, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/1505336.

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Introduction: Intraarticular fractures of the tibial plateau and periarticular fractures of the proximal tibia, caused by high energy trauma pose a therapeutic dilemma. Such fractures are associated with extensive soft tissue damage with or without compound injury. The management of such high velocity injuries become a challenge to the trauma surgeons. The goals of these periarticular fractures management are 1. Restoration of joint congruity by anatomic reduction 2. Stable xation of fractures thus allowing early movements 3. Proper care of injured soft tissues. In earlier days uniplanar external xation were used with various complications like pin track infections and decreased stability. In this study we present the use of hybrid external xation system which includes Ilizarov ring xator and AO rod external xator connected with indigenously manufactured connecting clamps and short shafts augmented with or without minimal internal xation. The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of this hybrid external xation system and to analyse the functional outcome, soft tissue healing and fracture union. To assess the performance of the Hybrid External Fixator Aim and Objective: in the treatment of different types of proximal tibial fractures, to evaluate the functional outcome, soft tissue healing and fracture union and radiological outcome, to evaluate the biomechanical and biological advantage of hybrid external xator, to assess the utility of the indigenously made connecting clamps. Material and Method: The study included 21 cases of periarticular fractures of the proximal tibia which were treated by use of 5/8th Ilizarov ring, AO tubular external xator and with indigenously manufactured connecting clamps &amp; short shaft in a hybrid mode. All cases were prospectively followed up and studied. Almost all the cases (99%) had sustained Road trafc Accidents (high velocity injuries) except one case which had sustained injury by fall of cement wall over her leg. Minimum follow up – 1.5 months, maximum follow up – 12 months, mean follow up – 6.42 months. All fractures were followed according to a protocol. All fractures were treated with either CLOSED REDUCTION AND HYBRID EXTERNAL FIXATION OR WITH MINIMAL OPEN REDUCTION AND A HYBRID SYSTEM. The study group was consisted of 16 males (76%) and 5 females (24%) with an average age for males of 43.06 years (range 25 to 65) and for females of 53.4 years (range 41 to 59). All the patients were in the age group of 26 to 65 years, mean age is 43.09. In the present s Result: tudy of 21 cases, the use of Hybrid external xation, as a denite treatment, for high – energy proximal tibia bicondylar fractures proved to be benecial.
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