Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Azote – Composés – Synthèse'
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Aaliti, Abdellatif. "Réactivité des liaisons sigma actinide-azote et actinide-carbone : applications en synthèse organique." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS015.
Full textVernhet, Claude. "Aminosilanes en synthèse organique : silylamines bêta-acétyléniques fonctionnelles pour la synthèse d'hétérocycles azotés." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20107.
Full textSanchez-Jimenez, Graciela. "Réactions radicalaires en synthèse organique : approche synthétique de la (+_)-kirkine et nouvelle synthèse de pyrroles." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112013.
Full textIn this manuscript we try highlight the potentials of nitrogen centered radicals in organic synthesis. The principal aspect of our work has been to develop novel methods for generating nitrogen centered radicals. Thiosemicarbazide and thlosemicarbazones can undergo cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond with tributyltin hydride, to generate nitrogen centered radicals. The amidyl radicals are capable of creating complex structures by tandem cyclisations. An exemple is illustrated in this work: the formation of indolizidine and pyrrolizidine cycles. We have succesfally generated iminyl radicals by cleavage of thiosemicarbazones with peroxides such as lauroyle peroxide. We have utilised this method of generating N-centered radicals in the total synthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaoid, kirkine, which possess important pharmacological activities. We also describe a new method for the synthesis of mono-, di- and tri-substituted pyrroles utilising the chemistry of xanthates
Kaji, Tchatchoua Nitcheu Serge. "Cyclophosphazanes, oligomères de composés du phosphore dicoordonné dérivant du 1,2-diaminobenzène : synthèse, propriétés et activité complexante." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30108.
Full textSenni, Djennane. "Synthèse et réactivité de bromoglycosylimines nouvelles." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10181.
Full textCann-Pailler, Katell. "Synthèses d'hétérocycles azotes sous champ micro-ondes." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT008G.
Full textMongrain, Colette. "Synthèse régiospécifique de quinones hétérocycliques azotées." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32203.
Full textQuébec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2018
Loubet, Olivier. "Synthèse, caractérisation et applications d'amorceurs de polymérisation radiculaire de type azoi͏̈que." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20146.
Full textVedrenne, Emeline. "Vers la synthèse totale de la paulitine : étude de nouvelles réactions de métathèse." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPXX0018.
Full textGiguère, Pascall. "Synthèse biocatalytique d'hétérocycles azotés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25847/25847.pdf.
Full textMacon, Philippe. "Etudes dans le domaine des 6-phénylptéridines." Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0377.
Full textLacour, Sylvie. "Synthèse de dérivés macrobicycliques à base de tétraazacycloalcanes : étude de leurs complexes métalliques dans la série du cobalt, du nickel et du cuivre." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS058.
Full textDepature, Michae͏̈l. "Cyclisation radicalaire de composés alléniques b-fonctionnalisés : application à la synthèse d'hétérocycles azotés." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30061.
Full textDi, Stefano Carmela. "Nouveaux azotures de glycosyle : synthèse, réactivité radicalaire et photolyse : tests immunologiques des photoproduits." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10278.
Full textPetta, Denis. "Synthèses de polycarbosilazanes et de polycarboferrosilanes." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20137.
Full textLebrun, Stéphane. "Enamides et ènecarbamates : modèles clés dans l'élaboration d'alcaloïdes articulés autour du noyau tétrahydroisoquinoleïne." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10187.
Full textMougin, Catherine Sylvianne. "Synthèse et évaluation des propriétés de nouveaux agents modérateurs de la polymérisation radicalaire. Nouvelles préparations d'hétérocycles azotes." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPXX0023.
Full textSalou-Guiziou, Véronique. "La fonction nitrone : intermédiaire réactionnel dans la synthèse de tétraazamacrocycles c-alkyles." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2025.
Full textManginot, Eric. "Synthèse et réactivité de l'azayldiure de phosphonium et de lithium." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20139.
Full textGissot, Arnaud. "Vers de nouveaux procédés en synthèse organique : Réinvestigation de quelques réactions anciennes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2002/GISSOT_Arnaud_2002.pdf.
Full textThis manuscript describes several works that take profit of classical organic transformations to develop novel synthetic methodologies. The strategies developed are environmentally friendly and economically relevant. In the first part, we made use of an alkylsodium base in situ generated from chlorooctane and sodium in the ortho- or a-metalation of (hetero)aromatic compounds. The reagents needed are stable, cheap and the conditions used are especially well adapted to an industrial usage. Combination of the aromatic substrate affinity for Na+ associated to proton abstraction kinetics allowed us to propose an original mechanism that fully explains our experimental results. In the second part, we tried to synthesize catechin, a natural flavonoid frequently encountered in the plant kingdom. Our strategy was devised as far as possible in aqueous solvents as free polyphenolic compounds are water soluble, and was focused on phloroglucinol alkylation with different alkylhalides. In each case, excellent mono-C-alkylation selectivity was obtained. Finally, we developed an alternative strategy to transform secondary nitro compounds into ketones by means of nitrosating species auto-catalytically generated under neutral conditions from NaNO2. In annex, we also report our attempts to fabricate a photonic band-gap material from functionalized silica nano-beads
Haddad, Mansour. "Synthèse des ( +ou- ) lupinine et ( +ou- ) isoretronecanol : extension à des composés homologues." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066062.
Full textHabert, Loïc. "Synthèse et étude de la réactivité d'ynamides. Application pour la synthèse de composés azotés d'intérêts biologiques." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2065.
Full textThe constant demand for original small molecule collections with promesing therapeutic potential have required the development of new and efficient synthetic methods. Given the nitrogen ubiquity in nature and in life sciences, the aim of this work is the development of original heterocyclic building blocks, originated from the functionalization of ynamide frameworks. Our goal was to study the reactivity of ynamides in order to synthesize from a common skeleton small library of nitrogen or oxygen compounds with biological relevance. The implementation of a new innovative methodology has been necessary, while trying to adhere to the following principles: atom economy, catalytic reaction, fast synthesis in minimal steps, and control of chemo- and regioselectivity.Firstly, we studied the carbozincation reaction of ynamides allowing access to several substituted enamides. Subsequently, cycloisomerization reaction of yne-carbamates has allowed us the development of two novels methodologies using zinc (II) or rhodium (II) salts, which provide access to oxazolone scaffolds. Our research has been studying the keteniminium ion intermediates accessible via an acid activation of ynamide. The development of two methods for the 3-amino-isocoumarin core was achieved via addition of Lewis or Brønsted acid or via electrophilic cyclization. Finally, a tandem coupling / cycloisomerization / nucleophilic addition reaction was carried out in order to prepare 1H-isochromene
Combes, Chamalet Corinne. "Synthèses de cyclotriphosphazènes à liaisons phosphore-carbone." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20074.
Full textGeng, Lopez Joaquin. "Synthèse et caractérisations électrochimiques vis-à-vis du lithium de structures organiques polycarbonylées et/ou azotées pour application au stockage électrochimique de l’énergie." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0117.
Full textTo satisfy our electrical needs and being faced with a total lack of universal solution, any safe and reliable way to generate operative electricity could find a practical application. From this point of view efficient electrical storage technologies such as Li-ion batteries will have a crucial role to play. However, current technology nearly exclusively operates on inorganic insertion compounds synthesized from high temperature reactions and non renewable resources. The abundance and material life cycle costs of such batteries may present issues in the long term with foreseeable large scale applications. As possible alternative, we have put forward a radically different approach by developing low emission materials based on organic typically deriving from biomass. However, promoting organic-based electrode materials involves the difficult task of identifying stable redoxorganic materials able to reversibly react at both high and low potentials vs. Li. In this context we decided to synthesize and study the electrochemical properties of polycarbonylated compounds, and evaluate different structures. First we studied some nitrogen based derivatives, such as tetraketopiperazines and two derivatives of hexaazatriphenylene (HAT), then we have studied the substituant effect on the p-benzoquinone core and we tested vs Li the pyromellitic diimide dilithium salt. We were looking forward to create a robust experimental database of potential chemical structures in relation with their solid state electrochemical behavior towards lithium. We hope that these results will help us to develop new electro-active organic materials able to satisfy the present and future electrical needs
Blanc, Catherine. "Aminophosphine-oxazolines : nouveaux auxiliaires chiraux pour la catalyse asymétrique : synthèse et applications." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-39-40.pdf.
Full textClique, Blandine. "Synthèse d'hétérocycles azotés polyfonctionnels à l'aide de métaux de transition : nouvelle réaction à composants multiples pour la chimie combinatoire." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10181.
Full textLe, Breton Christine. "Mise au point de la synthèse du [11C] nitrométhane et son application à la préparation d'un antihistaminique H2 marqué au carbone 11 : la [11C]ranitidine." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10034.
Full textCriton, Thomas. "Systèmes polyazotés énergétiques : stratégie de synthèse, caractérisation et réactivité." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1222.
Full textHydrazines for propulsion have been identified by REACH regulation as Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) and their use is therefore threatened. High Energy Density Materials (HEDM) represent a class of polynitrogen compounds with computed energetic performances breaking away from existing technologies. Besides solving toxicity issues thanks to their decomposition in molecular nitrogen, their use would highly simplify launcher’s technologies and decreases their cost. Two candidates have been proposed by the CNES and ArianeGroup to replace hydrazines: triaziridine (N3H3) and tetrazetidine (N4H4). The main goal of this thesis is to develop new methodologies for the synthesis of polynitrogen compounds and to investigate their reactivity to access to original structures such as triaziridine and tetrazetidine. Homologation of simple nitrogen-based compounds with azodicarboxylates enabled us to access new original superior polynitrogen molecules (N3, N4, N5, N6…). Structural evidences of these new polynitrogen backbones have been obtained by X-ray diffraction. Their reactivity by regioselective activation and by oxidation has been studied to access cyclic polynitrogen structures
Le, Thanh Dung. "Les ligands amidines N-phosphorées : synthèse, structure, réactivité, coordination et catalyse." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/811/.
Full textThis thesis deals with the preparation, the reactivity, the coordination chemistry and the use of N-phosphorus amidine ligands in the Suzuki-Miyaura catalytic reaction. First, we have developped a straightforward synthesis of a new family of monodentate and bidentate ligands, the N-phosphinoformamidines (R' = H) and the N-phosphinoamidines (R' =/ H) R"2N-C(R')=N-PR2. Then, an unprecedented study regarding the reactivity of these compounds towards Brönsted et Lewis acids was carried out. Theoretical calculations enabled us to rationalize our experimental results. Finally, the coordination chemistry of these monodentate and bidentate ligands, N-phosphorus amidines, with various palladium(II) precursors was studied and we have showed the potential of our ligands in the catalytic Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction between boronic acid and p-bromoanisol in the presence of palladium(II)
Metayer, Benoît. "Activation acide ou superacide : synthèse de nouveaux composés azotés fluorés et polycycliques." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2291/document.
Full textDuring the last decades, fluorine became an essential element in medicinal chemistry. The original physical and chemical properties induced by the incorporation of this atom in organic compounds led to the development of fluorinated compounds as bioisosters in medicinal chemistry. Difficulties to access to fluorinated nitrogen containing compounds by "classical methods" led to the use of superacid as an alternative for their synthesis.In the first part of this work, the reactivity of unsaturated N-arylbenzenesulfonamides in superacidic media HF / SbF5 was studied. Intramolecular cyclisation of Friedel-Craft type expected for these compounds was studied and explored through a mechanistic study based on in situ low temperature NMR experiments. By modifying the operating conditions, the synthesis of α-fluorinated N-arylbenzenesulfonamide compounds was developed. The synthetized structures were then tested for carbonic anhydrase inhibition.In a second part, a new hydrofluorination reaction of ynamides was developed, using fluorhydric acid / pyridine media. This strategy allowed to access regio- and stereoselectively to original (E)-α-fluoroenamides. By analogy with the described fluoroalkenes as peptid bond isosters, α-fluoroenamides could potentially be considered as urea bioisosters. The bioisosterism of these structures was discussed and evaluated by using molecular modelling. The surprising reactivity of ortho-substitued structures in superacid media allowed the development of an intramolecular polycyclisation reaction, offering a one step route to complex nitrogen containing molecular polycyclic motif
Porte, Frédéric. "Etude du système halogénures d'aluminium/bases azotées : caractérisation des combinaisons azotées lors de la synthèse du nitrure d'aluminium à partir de la réaction avec les amines." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0052.
Full textMinassian, Frédéric. "Réactions des [epsilon]-pentadiénylation et réactions intramoléculaires de Diels-Alder : synthèse stéréosélective de composés bicycliques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10117.
Full textTursun, Ahmatjan. "Synthèse asymétrique de spirohétérocycles : un accés modulaire à des spiroacétals, une approche originale des spiroaminoacétals." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688834.
Full textForquet, Valérian. "Composés polyazotés dérivés d’hydrazines : synthèse, caractérisation et modélisation quantique des performances énergétiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10328/document.
Full textHigh nitrogen content energetic compounds, envisioned as a first step towards High EnergyDensity Materials (HEDM) for space propulsion, were prepared from hydrazine derivatives. Indeed,the formation of nitrogen gas (N−−−N) from an N−−N bond yields a lot of energy and even morefrom an N−N bond. Hence, an amination reaction on unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)yielded a 2,2-dimethyltriazanium salt, containing three consecutive single-bonded nitrogen atoms.The initial inorganic anion was then exchanged with the following nitrogen-rich anions in order toyield energetic salts: 5-aminotetrazolate, 5-nitrotetrazolate, 5,5’-azobistetrazolate, azide, nitroformateand dinitramide. For safety reasons, the ion metathesis of the azide salt was conductedby electrodialysis and the sensitivities of all compounds towards both impact and friction wereevaluated in accordance with standard procedures. Reliable heats of formation of the compoundswith the highest nitrogen content were obtained by oxygen bomb calorimetry. These values werethen computed with quantum mechanical methods and compared with known procedures reportedin the literature, whose theoretical backgrounds have been discussed. Consequently, theprocedure resulting in the best match between calculated and experimental heats of formation wasidentified. The precision of the method used herein exceeds that of recent results from renownedresearch groups in this field. Thus, the various techniques introduced during the course of thiswork will enable our laboratory to progress more efficiently in this area of research
Solé, Stéphane. "Carbènes singulets stables : migration [1,2] dans les carbènes hétérocycliques et carbènes à substituant spectateur." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30050.
Full textPantaine, Loïc. "Aminocatalyse et Réactions en Cascade pour la Synthèse de Polycycles Tridimensionnels." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV084/document.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript aims to study organocatalytic reaction sequences enabling the stereoselective formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Various strategies have been developped for the preparation of chiral cyclic architectures, which represents an important challenge due to their presence in a vast number of biologically active compounds. This manuscript starts off by introducing the principal of organocatalysis, and more specifically the different activation means used in aminocatalysis.The first chapter focuses on the regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of cyclic hydrazine-containing bicycles in a solvent-free way. The second chapter merges de-aromatization or desymetrization with an aminocatalytic reaction sequence, to yield tridimensional enantioenriched polycycles from unsaturated aldehydes. Lastly, the third chapter concentrates on the synthesis of unsymmetrical sulfamides and their uses as substrates in aminocatalysis
Glowacki, Aurore. "Synthèse de nouveaux dérivés d’hydrazine pour la propulsion spatiale." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1187.
Full textAnglais This work is dedicated to the synthesis of linear (N-N)2 and cyclic (N N)3 polynitrogen compounds, not well studied, for applications in the field of space propulsion. The high toxicity of hydrazines, currently used in storable bipropellant systems and threatened by the REACH regulation, imposes industrial businesses to replace them by new green propellants, with high or better propulsion performances, but also with low impact towards human health and the environment.To this day, no candidate has been identified to replace space-use hydrazines. However, one candidate has been proposed by the French Space Agency CNES, due to the theorical performances, namely ***. The main objective of this thesis is to converge as much as possible to the synthesis of this target molecule. The aim is to study the stability of the polynitrogen compounds synthesized and to extend the understanding of the nitrogen chemistry. The different pathways for the synthesis of precursors, the triazanes and the azimines, are developed as well as their reactivity especially the oxidation of triazanes and the photochemistry of azimines
Demonchaux, Patrice. "Recherche d'agents radioprotecteurs : synthèse et mécanisme d'action de composés de type intercalant-aminothiol." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10016.
Full textChi, Hung Nguyen. "Synthèse et étude de nouveaux analogues tetracycliques et tricycliques des ellipticines et aza-9 ellipticines." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112290.
Full textThis work concerns the synthesis of new tetracyclic and tricyclic analogues of Ellipticines and 9-aza Ellipticines. The lithiation of furo- and pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridines and subsequent condensation of the lithiated species with various electrophiles leads to 2-functionnalized derivatives of these heterocycles. Starting from the newly obtained intermediates, pyrido (4,3-b] benzo [f] indole and pyrida (3',4' : 4,5] pyrrolo ,[3,2-c] pyridine 1 -Chloro derivatives have been synthesized by multistep sequences (Chapters I,II and III). In chapter IV, a general route to 4-hydroxy (and 4-amino) 5-alkyl -1H- 2-Pyridones is described. Starting from 4-hydroxy 5- methyl -1H- 2-Pyridone, pyrido [3',4' : 4,5 ]- pyrrolo [3,2-c] pyridines have then been obtained by a second route which is more general and convenient that the preceding one (Chapter V). Between various pyridopyrrolopyridines which have a dialkylaminoalkylamino side chain at their 1-position, several have shown interesting antitumor properties
Jida, Mouhamad. "Réaction de kulinkovich sur des esters dérivés d'aminoacides naturels et non naturelsApplication à la synthèse de précurseurs potentiels de produits biologiquement actifs." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112126.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of the intramolecular Kulinkovich cyclopropanation of esters prepared from natural and unnatural aminoacids. The reactions were performed with Grignard reagents in the presence of catalytic or stoechiometric amounts of titanium isopropoxide. The first chapter shows the scope of the Kulinkovich reaction which allows the transformation of esters into cyclopropanols. The reactions were carried out in both inter and intramolecular modes and are extended to cyclic carboxylic derivatives such as lactones, anhydrides, etc… In the second chapter, we study the regio and stereoselectivity of the cyclopropanation reaction when the starting materials possess two ester functions and a terminal double bond. The glutamate derivative furnished expected fused cyclopropanols while the aspartate derivative only gave unexpected pyrrolidinones. In the third chapter, the intramolecular cyclopropanation applied on other alphaaminoesters afforded expected bicyclic cyclopropanols as a mixture of diastereomers, thus providing an access to enantiomerically pure azabicyclo[3. 1. 0]hexanols. The fourth chapter concerns the reactivity of these alcohols under ring opening conditions. The different azabicyclo[3. 1. 0]hexanols were transformed into dihydropyridinones, pyrrolidinones, piperidones or pyridinols , possible precursors of bioactive products. Application of this methodology allowed the preparation of the (S)-2-phenylpiperidin-3-one , a potent intermediate in the synthesis of pharmacologically significant products (substance P antagonists)
Boivin, Stéphane. "Préparation de composés polyfonctionnels insaturés à partir de 2-oxo et de 2-iminoesters 3-sélénies. Synthèse stéréocontrôlée d'aziridines diversement substituées." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES011.
Full textBorredon-Watrin, Corinne. "Synthèse de composés à structure benzodioxinique ou benzodioxannique 1-4 combinant des propriétés alpha et beta adrenolytiques." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10114.
Full textTrécourt, François. "Elaboration de dérivés carbonylés orthosubstitués de la pyridine : application d'une nouvelle méthode de synthèse de pyridines, synthèse d'hétérocycles du type coumarine et xanthone." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES021.
Full textVinter-Pasquier, Karine. "Recherches dans le domaine des composés actifs sur les récepteurs beta 3 : exploration des réactions d'élimination-addition pyridiniques." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10353.
Full textSilva, Costa Raphaël. "Nouvelles approches pour la synthèse de systèmes polyazotés de type HEDM." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1300/document.
Full textThe research carried during this PhD aims to synthesis new compounds with polynitrogen-backbone suitable for spacecraft or military propulsion. Indeed, the actual spacecraft uses a technology which is reliable, but with some limitation with their energetic efficiency and to satisfy the REACH regulation. It is necessary, for the Europeans launcher to stay at the first position in public or private satellites launch world wild, to find new and more efficient propellant. So, this work was focused on the synthesis of “HEDM” (High Energetic Density Material) compounds, which possess much higher propulsive features than the actual propellants. This could lead to a breakthrough in spacecraft propulsion in the next 30 years.For this PhD work two compounds of interest were identified: the pentazolate anion, which is an all nitrogen aromatic compound with a formula of N5-, and the cyclopentazan, which is an original polynitrogen compound with a formula of N5H5. First, we focused our work on the synthesis of various arylpentazoles followed by oxidative or reductive ways which lead to the pentazolate anion. Secondly, we synthesised and the studied the stability of polynitrogen-based compound, triazanes and azimines. Those compounds were then used in trials of cycloadditions which will lead to the cyclopentazan. Finally, we studied various way of complexing our polynitrogen-compound with various metallic complexes
Soklou, Kossi Efouako. "Synthèse d'hétérospirocycles par hydroaminations et hydroalkoxylations d'alcynes catalysées par l'or (I) - Méthodologie et application au développement de fragments spirocycliques pour la chimie médicinale." Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3066.
Full textThe synthesis of spiro [4.5] or [5.5] nitrogen or oxygen containing molecules with a bond between the carbon spirocenter and the nitrogen or oxygen atom remains a challenge, even if these fragments are represented in nature as well as in the therapeutic arsenal. To overcome this constraint, we have developed a general method of gold (I) catalyzed spirocyclization through the hydroamination or hydroalkoxylation of alkynes. In the first part of this thesis, we optimized spirocycle formation in both the nitrogen and oxygen series using conditions based on JohnPhosAu(CH3CN)SbF6 with unsubstituted alkynes. This also gave access to original tricyclic spirocycles by cascade reactions. We then demonstrated the robustness of our method with respect to chiral compounds. In the second part of this work, the spirocyclization method was extended to di-substituted alkynes using the combined JohnPhosAuCl/AgNTf2 catalyst. In the third part, we transformed our different spirocycles to increase molecular diversity. Intramolecular Mizoroki-Heck reactions provided original and stable tetracyclic spirocycles while other reactions such as double bond reduction increased both stability and 3D molecular space. With these fragments in hand, a medicinal chemistry program was initiated and spirocyclic compounds were developed as selective kinase inhibitors
Hajbi, Youssef. "Application de la réaction de Diels-Alder à demande électronique inverse à la synthèse de nouveaux composés oxygénés et azotés à visée thérapeutique." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00151105.
Full textPour ce faire, des 3-méthylsulfanyl-1,2,4-triazines ont été mis à réagir avec différents nucléophiles permettant l'introduction d'alcynes convenablement substitués. La réactivité de ces alcynes selon une réaction de Diels-Alder à demande électronique inverse a été explorée. L'activation par micro-ondes de la réaction de cycloaddition s'est avérée très efficace. Des dihydrofuro[2,3-b]pyridines diversement substituées en position 2, 3, 4, et/ou 6 et des dihydropyrano[2,3-b]pyridines substituées en position 3, 4, 5 et/ou 7 ont été synthétisées avec de bons rendements.
Laniel, Dominique. "Synthèse de polymères d'azote par pression comme matériaux énergétiques du futur." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS472.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to synthesize novel polynitrogen compounds by pressure as the next-generation high energy density materials (HEDM). To achieve this, the physico-chemical properties of pure nitrogen as well as the xenon-nitrogen, hydrogen-nitrogen and lithium-nitrogen mixtures were studied under extreme pressure and temperature conditions. In the case of the compression of pure nitrogen, a novel polymeric nitrogen solid composed of interconnected chains of N6 rings was produced at 250 GPa and 3300 K. The low pressure Xe-N2 investigation revealed the formation of a stoichiometric Xe(N2)2 van der Waals compound. Above 150 GPa and 2500 K a xenon-polynitrogen material was observed. The N2-H2 study, focusing on the characterization and high-density behavior of the N2(H2)2 van der Waals compound, uncovered its pressure-induced chemical reaction near 50 GPa into azanes (NxHx+2), with ammonia (NH3) as the main constituent. Intriguingly, decompression of the reacted sample resulted, below 10 GPa, in the transformation of ammonia into its thermodynamically less stable counterpart hydrazine (N2H4). Lastly, the Li-N2 system proved to be of great interest due to the large array of anionic nitrogen moieties discovered (N3-, [N2]~2 [N2]~1 and N5-). In particular, lithium pentazolate (LiN5), containing the elusive energetically-rich pentazolate anion, was synthesized above 45 GPa and 2500 K. Moreover, it could be retained down to ambient conditions. It is the first polynitrogen HEDM produced by high pressure and retrieved down to ambient conditions. These results demonstrate the potential of high pressure for the synthesis of industrially relevant HEDM
Le, Darz Alexandre. "Activation superélectrophile en milieu superacide : synthèse de nouveaux synthons halofluorés azotés." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2299/document.
Full textExceptional properties of fluorinated compounds led to a considerable development of fluorine chemistry since the 1950's. Nowadays, fluorinated products have a key role in many domains going from medicinal chemistry to agricultural chemistry. As nitrogen atom is ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, the development of new synthetic ways for the preparation of fluorinated nitrogen containing compound is of relevant interest.Previously, the superacid team developed a bromofluorination reaction of unsaturated nitrogen containing compounds in superacidic media HF/SbF5. The reaction was performed by using the NBS as halenium ion donor, activated through polyprotonation, permitting the access to bromofluorinated nitrogen containing compounds difficult to be obtained under classical organic conditions. Nevertheless the resulting bromonium ion isomerizes quickly to produce difluorinated products. Chloronium ions show different reactivities than the bromonium ones; so this study is focused on the reactivity of chloronium ion in dicationic systems generated by the use of superacidic media.The first step of the study was focused on the evaluation of the impact of experimental conditions by reaction products analysis and in situ NMR experiments. Then the influence of substrate structure on the reaction course was investigated. Finally the halosubstitution on the carbon-carbon double bound was studied. This work allowed us to highlight the chlorofluorination reaction mechanism and then to extend this method to bioactive compounds synthesis
Gigant, Nicolas. "Synthèse et réactivité d'énamides, de la diversité moléculaire à la synthèse de molécules bioactives et/ou naturelles." Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE2039.
Full textThe continuing demand to synthesize new and original collections of small molecules for the biological screening is an attractive subject for organic chemists and requires upstream the development of fast and easy synthetic methods. In this context, we decided to focus particularly on the functionalization of enamides which represent valuable building blocks in order to introduce nitrogen based functionality into various organic systems. Our objective was to synthesize new nitrogen containing compound libraries starting from common substrates by applying Diversity-Oriented Synthesis strategy and following these rules: atom economy, catalyzed reactions, fast synthesis in few steps and control of stereoselectivity. Firstly we mainly synthesized enamides. Thereafter, we developped efficient methodologies giving access to motifs frequently found in “privileged structures” or key scaffolds present in natural products or potential bioactive compounds thanks to various processes like aza-Michael, oxyamidation or cascade reactions, palladium chemistry with CH activation, dioxoazoborocanes or chiral auxiliary SAMP