Relevant bibliographies by topics / B-patches

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'B-patches'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "B-patches"

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Strøm, Kyrre. "Products of B-patches." Numerical Algorithms 4, no. 3 (1993): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02145751.

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Dahmen, Wolfgang, Charles A. Micchelli, and Hans-Peter Seidel. "Blossoming Begets B-Spline Bases Built Better by B-Patches." Mathematics of Computation 59, no. 199 (1992): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2152982.

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Dahmen, Wolfgang, Charles A. Micchelli, and Hans-Peter Seidel. "Blossoming begets $B$-spline bases built better by $B$-patches." Mathematics of Computation 59, no. 199 (1992): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0025-5718-1992-1134724-1.

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Pla-Garcia, N., M. Vigo-Anglada, and J. Cotrina-Navau. "N-sided patches with B-spline boundaries." Computers & Graphics 30, no. 6 (2006): 959–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2006.05.001.

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Bardis, Leonidas, and Nicholas M. Patrikalakis. "Approximate conversion of rational B-spline patches." Computer Aided Geometric Design 6, no. 3 (1989): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8396(89)90023-x.

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Schmidt, Timothy H., Oliver Bannard, Elizabeth E. Gray, and Jason G. Cyster. "CXCR4 promotes B cell egress from Peyer’s patches." Journal of Experimental Medicine 210, no. 6 (2013): 1099–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20122574.

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Peyer’s patches (PPs) play a central role in supporting B cell responses against intestinal antigens, yet the factors controlling B cell passage through these mucosal lymphoid tissues are incompletely understood. We report that, in mixed chimeras, CXCR4-deficient B cells accumulate in PPs compared with their representation in other lymphoid tissues. CXCR4-deficient B cells egress from PPs more slowly than wild-type cells, whereas CXCR5-deficient cells egress more rapidly. The CXCR4 ligand, CXCL12, is expressed by cells adjacent to lymphatic endothelial cells in a zone that abuts but minimally overlaps with the CXCL13+ follicle. CXCR4-deficient B cells show reduced localization to these CXCL12+ perilymphatic zones, whereas CXCR5-deficient B cells preferentially localize in these regions. By photoconverting KikGR-expressing cells within surgically exposed PPs, we provide evidence that naive B cells transit PPs with an approximate residency half-life of 10 h. When CXCR4 is lacking, KikGR+ B cells show a delay in PP egress. In summary, we identify a CXCL12hi perilymphatic zone in PPs that plays a role in overcoming CXCL13-mediated retention to promote B cell egress from these gut-associated lymphoid tissues.
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Kiciak, Przemysław. "Bicubic B-spline blending patches with optimized shape." Computer-Aided Design 43, no. 2 (2011): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2010.10.003.

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Li, Wei, Zhuoqi Wu, and Ichiro Hagiwara. "F0101(4) The Smooth B-spline Surface Reconstruction by B-spline Patches." Reference Collection of Annual Meeting 2009.9 (2009): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjsm.2009.9.0_119.

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Sharma, Ram, Udo Schumacher, and Elizabeth Adam. "Lectin Histochemistry Reveals the Appearance of M-cells in Peyer's Patches of scid Mice After Syngeneic Normal Bone Marrow Transplantation." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 46, no. 2 (1998): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215549804600202.

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Peyer's patches in the intestinal mucosa are characterized by the presence of several lymphatic follicles and interfollicular T-cell regions. Luminal antigens are transported across the intestinal epithelium to stimulate the Peyer's patch pre-B-cells in the follicles that proliferate and migrate to distant sites. Evidence suggests that antigen priming of B-lymphocytes is responsible for the number and location of Peyer's patches during postnatal life, but little is known about the histogenesis of Peyer's patches and their overlying membranous (M) cells. To examine whether T- and B-lymphocytes in Peyer's patches have an influence on M-cell generation, we studied the development of Peyer's patches and M-cells in severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells from normal syngeneic mice. Our experiments demonstrate that the donor bone marrow cells in the host scid mice repopulate to form single (primary) follicles and aggregates of lymphoid nodules, the Peyer's patches. Use of the lectins Anguilla anguilla (AAA) and Ulex europaeus I (UEA-I) as positive markers of mouse Peyer's patch M-cells revealed that M-cells develop in the dome epithelium overlying the single primary follicles and Peyer's patches of reconstituted scid mice. This experimental system therefore allows the study of the histogenesis of Peyer's patches and M-cells.
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Liu, Yanan. "ICCM2016: Multi-Patch-Based B-Spline Method for Solid and Structure." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 10 (2020): 2050005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021987622050005x.

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In this paper, the solution domain is divided into multi-patches on which B-spline basis functions are used for approximation. The different B-spline patches are connected by a transition region which is described by several elements. The basis functions in different B-spline patches are modified in the transition region to ensure the basic polynomial reconstruction condition and the compatibility of displacements and their gradients. This new method is applied to the stress analysis of 2D elasticity problems in order to investigate its performance. Numerical results show that the present method is accurate and stable.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "B-patches"

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Kawamoto, Shimpei. "Preferential Generation of Follicular B Helper T Cells from Foxp3+ T Cells in Gut Peyer's Patches." Kyoto University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142110.

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Gormaz, Arancibia Raul. "Floraisons polynomiales : applications à l'étude des B-splines à plusieurs variables." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00342512.

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Les courbes de Bezier et les courbes splines ont trouve un cadre de présentation simple et naturel avec la notion de floraison d'une fonction polynomiale, telle qu'elle a été présentée dans les travaux de Lyle Ramshaw (1987). Notre but a consiste a étendre cette présentation au cas des surfaces et aussi des variétés de dimension supérieure. Les splines simpliciales sont une généralisation naturelle des b-splines au cas de plusieurs variables. Nous présentons leurs principales propriétés ainsi qu'une définition de différences divisées pour fonctions de plusieurs variables. Un algorithme d'évaluation d'une spline simpliciale est propose et teste. Floraisons et splines simpliciales sont les éléments essentiels d'un nouveau schéma de b-splines introduit par Dahmen, Micchelli et Seidel (1992). Ce schéma est étudié et ses principales propriétés sont présentées. Une grande similarité avec l'étude des courbes est retrouvée
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Szpryngiel, Scarlett. "Structure and lipid interactions of membrane-associated glycosyltransferases : Cationic patches and anionic lipids regulate biomembrane binding of both GT-A and GT-B enzymes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för biokemi och biofysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-131084.

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This thesis concerns work on structure and membrane interactions of enzymes involved in lipid synthesis, biomembrane and cell wall regulation and cell defense processes. These proteins, known as glycosyltransferases (GTs), are involved in the transfer of sugar moieties from nucleotide sugars to lipids or chitin polymers. Glycosyltransferases from three types of organisms have been investigated; one is responsible for vital lipid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana (atDGD2) and adjusts the lipid content in biomembranes if the plant experiences stressful growth conditions. This enzyme shares many structural features with another GT found in gram-negative bacteria (WaaG). WaaG is however continuously active and involved in synthesis of the protective lipopolysaccharide layer in the cell walls of Escherichia coli. The third type of enzymes investigated here are chitin synthases (ChS) coupled to filamentous growth in the oomycete Saprolegnia monoica. I have investigated two ChS-derived MIT domains that may be involved in membrane interactions within the endosomal pathway. From analysis of the three-dimensional structure and the amino-acid sequence, some important regions of these very large proteins were selected for in vitro studies. By the use of an array of biophysical methods (e.g. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fluorescence and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy) and directed sequence analyses it was possible to shed light on some important details regarding the structure and membrane-interacting properties of the GTs. The importance of basic amino-acid residues and hydrophobic anchoring segments, both generally and for the abovementioned proteins specifically, is discussed. Also, the topology and amino-acid sequence of GT-B enzymes of the GT4 family are analyzed with emphasis on their biomembrane association modes. The results presented herein regarding the structural and lipid-interacting properties of GTs aid in the general understanding of glycosyltransferase activity. Since GTs are involved in a high number of biochemical processes in vivo it is of outmost importance to understand the underlying processes responsible for their activity, structure and interaction events. The results are likely to be useful for many applications and future experimental design within life sciences and biomedicine.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript.</p>
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David, Christian Walfried. "Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and B- and T-Lamphocytes in Peyer's patches of the ileum, in thymus and in lymphnodes of pre-term calves and in full-term calves at birth and on Day 5 of life /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Hays, Constantin. "Influence de l'imprégnation hormonale périnatale sur la virulence du Streptocoque du groupe B Perinatal hormonal concentrations favor CC17 group B Streptococcus hypervirulence and intestinal translocation through M cells." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2183&f=15494.

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Streptococcus agalactiae (streptocoque du groupe B, SGB) représente la première cause d'infections néonatales bactériennes invasives pour lesquelles on définit deux syndromes, un syndrome précoce (SP, 1ère semaine de vie) et un syndrome tardif (ST, 7 à 89 jours après la naissance). Le SP se manifeste par une pneumonie associée ou non à une bactériémie et résulte de l'inhalation par le nouveau-né de sécrétions vaginales ou de liquide amniotique contaminés par le SGB. Le ST se déclare par une septicémie dont la porte d'entrée serait le tractus gastro-intestinal et est caractérisé par un fort taux de méningite. Un clone désigné CC-17 est responsable de près de la moitié des SP et de 70% des ST et des méningites, alors qu'il n'est que rarement responsable d'infections chez l'adulte (15% des cas). L'hypervirulence du clone CC-17 a été attribuée à des capacités accrues de colonisation et de translocation du tube digestif, ainsi que de franchissement de la barrière hémato-encéphalique. Cependant, ces propriétés ne peuvent expliquer à elles seules son association aux infections néonatales et des facteurs liés à l'hôte sont probablement impliqués. Tout au long de la grossesse, le fœtus est exposé à des concentrations croissantes d'hormones stéroïdiennes maternelles, en particulier l'estradiol (E2) et la progestérone (P4). Ainsi, les taux du nouveau-né sont 500 fois supérieurs à ceux d'un homme adulte puis chutent drastiquement dans les trois premiers jours de vie et se stabilisent pour quelques mois à des taux 5 à 50 fois plus élevés que chez l'adulte. Or, ces hormones régulent de manière concentration dépendante la réponse immunitaire, la perméabilité des barrières cellulaires, et l'expression de molécules d'adhésion. Ainsi, l'imprégnation hormonale massive des nouveau-nés pourrait spécifiquement favoriser l'infection tardive à SGB CC-17. Dans ce travail, le rôle de l'E2 et de la P4 aux concentrations retrouvées à la naissance (HormD0, E2 10-8M et P4 10-6M) et au-delà de 7 jours de vie (HormD7, E2 10-9 M et P4 10-7M) dans la physiopathologie des infections à SGB a été étudié dans des modèles cellulaires et murins d'infection utilisant deux souches de SGB représentatives, à la fois le clone hypervirulent CC-17 et un SGB non CC-17. Nous montrons que les concentrations HormD7 contribuent spécifiquement à la sévérité de la méningite due à SGB CC-17 dans un modèle murin d'infection par voie orale. Ce phénotype est lié à une augmentation du franchissement de la barrière digestive mis en évidence par un nombre plus important de bactéries dans les ganglions mésentériques et les plaques de Peyer. L'étude par microscopie optique d'anses intestinales ligaturées et de cultures cellulaires d'entérocytes-cellules M infectées par SGB CC-17 montre que SGB CC-17 peut franchir la barrière intestinale via les cellules M, que l'association aux cellules M est plus importante pour le clone CC-17, et qu'elle est favorisée par les conditions HormD7. Enfin, l'étude de mutants du clone CC-17 inactivés pour l'expression des protéines de surface spécifiques intervenant dans le franchissement des barrières physiologiques nous a permis de démontrer que l'association de SGB CC-17 aux cellules M est liée à la protéine Srr2 et que celle-ci contribue à la sévérité de la méningite en modèle murin dans les conditions HormD7 en favorisant la translocation intestinale de SGB CC-17 après infection par voie orale. L'identification du (des) récepteur(s) cellulaire(s) de la protéine Srr2 exprimé(s) par les cellules M, la régulation de son expression par les concentrations hormonales et la caractérisation des cascades de signalisation induites dans ces conditions constitueront la suite logique de ce travail<br>Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is the leading cause of invasive bacterial neonatal infections for which two syndromes are defined, the early-onset disease (EOD, first week of life) and the late-onset disease (LOD, 7 to 89 days of life). EOD starts with pneumonia and results from the inhalation by the neonate of GBS-contaminated vaginal secretions or amniotic fluid. LOD manifests as a bacteremia for which the proposed portal of entry is the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by a high rate of associated meningitis. A particular clone designated GBS CC-17 is responsible for nearly half of all EOD and for 70% of LOD and meningitis cases, while it is rarely responsible for infections in adults (15% of the cases). The hypervirulence of this CC-17 clone has been attributed to increased colonization and translocation capabilities of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as increased ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, these properties alone cannot explain its association with neonatal infections and host-related factors are likely involved. Throughout pregnancy, the fetus is exposed to increasing concentrations of maternal steroid hormones, particularly estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). Thus, newborn rates are 500 times higher than those of an adult male, then drop drastically in the first three days of life to stabilize for a few months at rates 5 to 50 times higher than in adults. These hormones regulate in a concentration-dependent manner the immune response, the permeability of cellular barriers, and the expression of adhesion molecules. Also, the massive hormonal impregnation of newborns could specifically promote GBS CC-17 late infections. In this work, the role of E2 and P4 at birth concentrations (HormD0, E2 10-8M and P4 10-6M) and beyond 7 days of life (HormD7, E2 10-9 M and P4 10-7M) in the pathophysiology of GBS infections was studied in cellular and mouse models of infection using two representative strains, a CC-17 hypervirulent GBS and a non-CC-17 GBS. We show that HormD7 concentrations specifically contribute to the severity of meningitis caused by GBS CC-17 in a mouse model of oral infection. This phenotype is linked to an increase in the crossing of the intestinal barrier highlighted by a greater number of bacteria in the mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. Optical microscopy imaging of intestinal ligated loops and M cells-enterocytes co-cultures infected with GBS CC-17 shows that GBS CC-17 can cross the intestinal barrier through M cells, that the association with M cells is more important for the CC-17 clone compared to non-CC-17 GBS, and that it is favored in HormD7 condition. Finally, the study of isotype mutants of GBS CC-17 inactivated for the expression of specific surface proteins involved in the crossing of physiological barriers allowed us to demonstrate that the association of GBS CC-17 with M cells is linked to the Srr2 protein which contributes to the severity of meningitis under HormD7 condition by promoting the intestinal translocation of GBS CC-17 following mice oral infection. The identification of the cellular receptor(s) of the Srr2 protein expressed by M cells, their expression regulation by hormonal concentrations and the characterization of the signaling cascades induced in these conditions will constitute the logical continuation of this work
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"REGULATORY B CELLS IN THE JEJUNAL PEYER’S PATCHES OF BOVINE AND SHEEP." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-09-1731.

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize microbial components as danger signals and induce immune responses. TLR’s are expressed in many tissues of the host that are involved in immune responses including the intestines where they are abundantly expressed. This situation presents a challenge in the gastrointestinal tract which is constantly exposed to a wide variety of commensal organisms. Therefore, innate immune recognition in the intestine must be tightly regulated to prevent unwanted inflammation against harmless commensal micro-organisms and yet allow for the induction of protective immunity to invading pathogens. A dysregulation of this balance can result in intestinal inflammation. Peyer’s patches (PP) are the primary site for the induction of immune responses in the intestine and abundantly express TLRs. It is not known how PP regulate microbial signals from commensal bacteria and yet mount vigorous immune responses against dangerous pathogens. CpG DNA, an agonist for TLR9, can strongly activate immune cells in blood, lymph nodes and spleen. However, CpG very poorly activates immune cells from Peyer’s patches, although these cells express TLR9 [1, 2]. Understanding how TLR responses are regulated in PP cells will unveil important information on how immune responses are regulated in the intestine. Investigations from our laboratory have revealed a B cell population (CD5-CD11c-CD21+) in PP that spontaneously secrete high levels of IL-10 which in turn down regulates TLR9 induced IFN and IL-12 production. These IL-10-secreting PP B cells represent a novel subset of the recently proposed regulatory B cells (Bregs) in the intestine [1, 3]. Bregs may have a role in maintaining tolerance to commensal bacteria thereby achieving intestinal homeostasis. The overall goal of the work described in this thesis was to improve our understanding of the immunobiology of Bregs. We performed several experiments to achieve this goal. First, we studied the development of regulatory B cells in lambs of different ages. Jejunal PP were collected from 3-4 month old, neonatal and fetal lambs and the production of IL-10 (the immunoregulatory cytokine secreted by Bregs) was assayed. We found that IL-10 was secreted by CD21+ B cells from the PP in all the three age groups, confirming that Bregs develop prior to birth. We then wondered whether our CD21+ B cells might be contaminated with other cells or activated when using MACS to enrich B cells. To address this issue, we prepared very highly purified CD21+ B cell population using high speed cell sorting to negatively enrich for B cells. We also sorted DCs and assayed IL-10 production in both cell populations. Only the PP B cells spontaneously secreted IL-10. In contrast, dendritic cells, T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells did not secrete detectable IL-10. Since B cells exist as regulatory and effector populations in mice, we wondered whether an effector B cell population also existed in ovine PP that secreted the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-, IFN- and IL-12. Therefore, ovine PP B cells were fractionated into CD72+CD21+and CD72+CD21- subpopulations to assess their capacity to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, the CD72+CD21- B cell population secreted the cytokines IFN-, IFN- and IL-12 suggesting there was an effector population. We then surveyed for Bregs in different mucosal and peripheral tissues in sheep. We observed the Bregs frequency varied among the different lymphoid tissues. Finally, we investigated whether Bregs were present in PP of other ruminant species. We identified Bregs exist in PP of neonatal calves. In conclusion, our investigations reveal that ovine Bregs develop in utero prior to antigen exposure, and are present in a variety of mucosal and peripheral tissues. We also report the novel observation that two distinct B cell sub-populations are present in ovine jejunal PP’s: Regulatory and effector B cells.
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Adhikary, Nepal. "Automatic Construction Of Trimmed Surface Patches From Unstructured Set Of Points." Thesis, 1998. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2176.

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Štěpánová, Kateřina. "Vývoj B buněk u prasat a úloha gama delta T lymfocytů při imunizaci naivního imunitního systému." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-328683.

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Thesis summary The process of B cell lymphogenesis in swine remains uncertain. Some reports indicate that pigs belong to a group of animal that use ileal Peyers's patches (IPP) for the generation of B cells while others point to the possibility that the bone marrow is functional throughout life. The functional subpopulations of B cells in swine are also unknown. Together with other ruminants, and also birds, γδ T cells in swine may account for >70% of all T cells which is in apparent contrast with humans and mice. The purpose of this thesis was to address these discrepancies and unresolved issues. The results disprove the existing paradigm that the IPP is primary lymphoid tissue and that B cells develop in IPP in an antigen-independent manner. On the other hand, it shows that bone marrow is fully capable of B cell lymphogenesis and remains active at least for the same period of time as it had been speculated for the IPP. This thesis also identified functionally different subsets of porcine peripheral B cells, and shows that CD21 molecules can be expressed in differential forms. Finally, this thesis identifies two lineages of γδ T cells that differ in many functional and phenotype features. This finding may explain why γδ T cells constitute of minority of lymphocytes in circulation of humans and mice.
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Liu, Yingbin. "Triangular Bézier Surfaces with Approximate Continuity." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3681.

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When interpolating a data mesh using triangular B&#233;zier patches, the requirement of C¹ or G¹ continuity imposes strict constraints on the control points of adjacent patches. However, fulfillment of these continuity constraints cannot guarantee that the resulting surfaces have good shape. This thesis presents an approach to constructing surfaces with approximate C¹/G¹ continuity, where a small amount of discontinuity is allowed between surface normals of adjacent patches. For all the schemes presented in this thesis, although the resulting surface has C¹/G¹ continuity at the data vertices, I only require approximate C¹/G¹ continuity along data triangle boundaries so as to lower the patch degree. For functional data, a cubic interpolating scheme with approximate C¹ continuity is presented. In this scheme, one cubic patch will be constructed for each data triangle and upper bounds are provided for the normal discontinuity across patch boundaries. For a triangular mesh of arbitrary topology, two interpolating parametric schemes are devised. For each data triangle, the first scheme performs a domain split and constructs three cubic micro-patches; the second scheme constructs one quintic patch for each data triangle. To reduce the normal discontinuity, neighboring patches across data triangle boundaries are adjusted to have identical normals at the middle point of the common boundary. The upper bounds for the normal discontinuity between two parametric patches are also derived for the resulting approximate G¹ surface. In most cases, the resulting surfaces with approximate continuity have the same level of visual smoothness and in some cases better shape quality.
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Book chapters on the topic "B-patches"

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Reynolds, J. D. "Peyer’s Patches and the Early Development of B Lymphocytes." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71851-9_3.

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Kawanishi, H., and S. Mirabella. "Autoreactive T Cells Regulating B Cell Growth and Differentiation in Murine Peyer’s Patches." In Recent Advances in Mucosal Immunology. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5344-7_12.

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Bjerke, K., and P. Brandtzaeg. "Properties of Human B Cells Terminating in Normal Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue, Including Peyer’s Patches." In Recent Advances in Mucosal Immunology. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5344-7_36.

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Miyasaka, M., J. Reynolds, L. Dudler, M.-F. Beya, W. Leiserson, and Z. Trnka. "Differentiation of B Lymphocytes in Sheep. II. Surface Phenotype of B Cells Leaving the ‘Bursa-Equivalent’ Lymphoid Tissue of Sheep, Ileal Peyer’s Patches." In Microenvironments in the Lymphoid System. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2463-8_14.

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Prautzsch, Hartmut, Wolfgang Boehm, and Marco Paluszny. "Bézier representation of triangular patches." In Bézier and B-Spline Techniques. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04919-8_10.

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Prautzsch, Hartmut, Wolfgang Boehm, and Marco Paluszny. "Bézier techniques for triangular patches." In Bézier and B-Spline Techniques. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04919-8_11.

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Unsworth, D. J. "Immune disorders of the gastrointestinal tract." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.1505_update_001.

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The gastrointestinal tract is protected by gut-associated lymphoid tissue that provides an environment where interaction occurs between luminal antigen and specially adapted immune tissue in Peyer’s patches (small intestine only) or lymphoid follicles. T and B lymphocytes primed in the gut migrate into the systemic circulation via the thoracic duct but home preferentially to the lamina propria of the intestine. Plasma cells of the lamina propria secrete immunoglobulin A as a dimer linked by a joining peptide....
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"B-spline Patches for Surface Reconstruction in Computer Vision C. Zhao and Roger Mohr." In Wavelets, Images, and Surface Fitting. A K Peters/CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439863602-50.

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"36 A Comparison of the Outcomes of Two Types of Synthetic Patches for Interpositional Graft Use in Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears Synthetic patches for interpositional graft use Irreparable rotator cuff tears." In Video Atlas of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair, edited by Uma Srikumaran. Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0041-179898.

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Conference papers on the topic "B-patches"

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Sottile, Frank, and Chun-Gang Zhu. "Injectivity of 2D Toric Bézier Patches." In 2011 12th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/Graphics). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cad/graphics.2011.13.

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Zhao, C. S., Roger Mohr, and Long Quan. "Global surface reconstruction through regularized B-spline patches." In SPIE's 1993 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation, edited by Baba C. Vemuri. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.146620.

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Ge, Q. J., and Donglai Kang. "Rational Bézier and B-Spline Ruled Surface Patches." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dac-1495.

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Abstract This paper presents a geometric method for constructing bounded rational Bézier and B-spline ruled surfaces directly from line-segments. Oriented line-segments in a Euclidean three-space are represented by vectors with four homogeneous components over the ring of dual numbers. Projective algorithms for rational Bézier and B-spline curves are dualized to yield algorithms for rational Bézier and B-spline ruled surfaces.
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Zhao, Yu, and Hongwei Lin. "The PIA Property of Low Degree Non-uniform Triangular B-B Patches." In 2011 12th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/Graphics). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cad/graphics.2011.73.

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5

Meng, Qingxian, and Huili Liu. "G2 Connection of Bézier Patches around a Common Corner." In 2009 WRI World Congress on Computer Science and Information Engineering. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csie.2009.153.

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Yang, Tachung, and Cheng-Chung Wang. "A GC2 Joining Procedure for B-Spline Patches in Reverse Engineering." In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-044.

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Reconstruction of surface models is a vital part in reverse engineering. Because of the huge amount of data from Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), processes for division of data into groups, surface patch reconstruction, and patch joining are inevitable in the CAD systems tailored for reverse engineering applications. Existing techniques of surface patch joining have the disadvantages, such as computational complication or lack of desired geometric continuity. A GC2 joining technique for B-spline surface patches by utilising a Bezier patch joining technique was proposed in this paper. This method possesses the merits in which only the control vertices near the joining boundaries of patches are modified and no additional blending surfaces at the joints of patches are created.
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Adhikary, N., and B. Gurumoorthy. "Smooth Surface Interpolation With Multiple Patches." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dac-8555.

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Abstract This paper addresses the problem of interpolating point data with multiple patches. The specific issue addressed in this paper is the continuity between the patches used for interpolation. The procedure described in this paper maintains continuity by introducing an intermediate patch between the two patches used for interpolating the point data. This patch is formed by several Bezier patches that maintain continuity with the corresponding Bezier patches obtained by repeated knot insertion in the two interpolating patches. The blending Bezier patches are then converted to a blending B-spline patch by knot removal. It is shown that C1 continuity is obtained across the junction between each interpolating patch and the blending patch. The continuity, across each blending patch and the interpolation performance in the blending patch is also discussed. The paper presents results, of implementation on some typical surfaces.
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Yassine, Inas, and Tim McGraw. "4th order diffusion tensor interpolationwith divergence and curl constrained Bézier patches." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro (ISBI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2009.5193127.

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Dejun Liu and Fushun Gao. "The G1 smooth connection algorithm betwen biquartic B-spline patches." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Intelligent Systems (ICIS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicisys.2009.5358232.

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10

Wang, Yu. "Intersection of Offset Surfaces of Parametric Patches." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0168.

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Abstract In this paper, we present a new method to calculate intersection curve of offset surfaces of two parametric surface patches. This method is based on the concept of normal projection and the intersection problem is formulated with a set of tensorial differential equations. The intersection is represented in the parametric spaces of the base surfaces and no offset surface approximation is needed. Numerical examples are presented for non-uniform rational b-spline (NURBS) surfaces to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
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