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Academic literature on the topic 'B. subtilis and B. cereus; five Gram-negative bacteria'
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Journal articles on the topic "B. subtilis and B. cereus; five Gram-negative bacteria"
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Karim, Md Abdul, and Nasrin Sultana. "Diversity and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacteria in Water of Hotel Restaurants in Dhaka City." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 43, no. 2 (2017): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v43i2.46515.
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Present study was conducted to determine the microbiological status of water from dispensers in different roadside hotel and restaurants of Dhaka city. Samples were collected from seven hotel and restaurants. Aerobic heterotrophic bacterial count ranged between 1.5 × 10 and 8.8 × 103 cfu/ml. Enteric and related bacterial abundance in MacConkey, SS and Cetrimide agar media ranged from 0 to 4.9 × 106, 0 to 2.1 × 105 and 0 to 1.2 × 106cfu/ml, respectively. In total, 28 bacterial isolates were obtained during the study period. Among them, 15 were heterotrophic isolates and 13 were enteric and related bacteria. Among 15 aerobic heterotrophic isolates, 11 were gram positive and five were gram negative. Out of 11 gram positive isolates, 7 belonged to the genus Bacillus viz. B. circulans, B. subtilis, B. stearothermophilus, B. brevis and B. cereus and one to coccus viz. Micrococcus roseus. The other gram positive species were Kurtia gibsonii, Auriobacterium liguefaciens and Curtobacterium luteum. Four gram negative isolates were Neisseria elongate sub. spp. glycolytica, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar 1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All 13 enteric and related isolates were gram negative, short rod; and non-spore formers and belonged to the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Shigella and Pseudomonas. Among all isolates, two were resistant and six were susceptible to all five antibiotics.
 Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 173-180, December 2017
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Mohd., Imran*. "ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF SOME (Z)-2- (2-OXO-1-((ARYLAMINO)METHYL)INDOLIN-3-YLIDENE)-N- (4-(2-OXO-2H-CHROMEN-3-YL)THIAZOL-2-YL)HYDRAZINE- 1-CARBOXAMIDES." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IAJPS) 03, no. 09 (2016): 988–895. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.154116.
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Fourteen(Z)-2-(2-oxo-1-((arylamino)methyl)indolin-3-ylidene)-N-(4-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)thiazol-2 yl)hydrazine-1-carboxamides 4a-4n were prepared by treating (Z)-N-(4-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-2-(2- oxoindolin-3-ylidene)hydrazine-1-carboxamide 3 with the aryl amines and formaldehyde. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by their physical constants, spectral data and elemental analysis. These compounds were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against five Gram-positive bacteria, namely, S. aureus, E. faecalis, S. epidermidis, B. subtilis and B. cereus; five Gram-negative bacteria, namely, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, B. bronchiseptica and P. vulgaris; and five fungi, namely, C. albicans, A. niger, A. flavus, M. purpureous and P. citrinum by serial plate dilution method using standard drugs, ofloxacin and ketoconazole, respectively, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also determined. These compounds showed mild to moderate antibacterial activity against Gram positive as well as Gram negative bacteria. However, they exhibited better antifungal activity. The compound 4j (Ar = 1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl) has been identified as the most promising antifungal agent of this series. There is a possibility that the replacement of triazole ring by other azole ring .e.g. imidazole and 1,2,3-triazole; and / or the presence of halogen substituted coumarin ring may produce promising potent antimicrobial agents that are effective against Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, coumarin, isatin, thiazole
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Narakornwit, Worrakanya, and Juree Charoenteeraboon. "Determination of Antimicrobial Activity from Various Plant Parts of <i>Typha angustifolia</i> Using Agar Disc Diffusion and Bioautography." Key Engineering Materials 914 (March 21, 2022): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-6q5lz7.
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Fruit, leaf, fruit stalk, and rhizome of Typha angustifolia, which is abundantly available in Thailand, were investigated for antimicrobial activities. The results showed that fruit ethanolic extract had high activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis similar to the fruit stalk and rhizome extracts whereas the lowest antibacterial activities was found in the leaf extract. Only rhizome extract had antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The fruit extract was chosen for furthur study because of its antibacterial action, ease of collecting, and preparation before usage. This fruit ethanolic extract was semi-purified by partition with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethylacetate, respectively and subsequently tested for antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion against S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Sarcina lutea, Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Micrococcus flavus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumillus, B. subtilis, Shigella somnei, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus valgalis, Alcaligenes fecalis, Serratia marcescens, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella typhi, Escherechia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The inhibitory zone against gram-positive bacteria was broader in all partitioned fractions than in gram-negative bacteria and yeast. Furthermore, none of the fractions were able to prevent the development of S. marcescens, P. aeruginosa, or E. coli. The inhibition zone of the ethyl acetate fraction was larger than that of chloroform and petroleum ether. In comparison to the other fractions, the chloroform fraction demonstrated the broadest inhibition zone against B. subtilis. Based on the bioautography investigation, it was reasonable to conclude that there were at least five antibacterial chemicals against B. subtilis. Therefore, fruit of T. angustifolia has the potential for use in the discovery of new antibacterial agents.
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Adamski, Patryk, Zuzanna Byczkowska-Rostkowska, Joanna Gajewska, Arkadiusz Józef Zakrzewski, and Lucyna Kłębukowska. "Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Bacillus sp. Isolated from Raw Milk." Microorganisms 11, no. 4 (2023): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11041065.
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Milk, due to its diversity in terms of its nutritional content, is an important element of the human diet, as well as a good medium for the development of bacteria. The genus Bacillus contains ubiquitous aerobic, rod-shaped, endospore-producing gram-positive bacteria. Representatives of the Bacillus cereus group and the Bacillus subtilis group contribute to shortening the shelf life of milk and dairy products by degrading milk components and its additives. They also produce a number of heat-stable toxins and can cause a number of ailments, mainly in the digestive system. The aim of this research was to identify Bacillus sp. strains isolated from raw milk and to determine their antibiotic resistance. Strains isolated from raw milk samples (n = 45) were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Ninety strains of Bacillus sp. were identified, for which the antibiotic resistance phenotype was determined. A total of 90 strains of Bacillus were classified in five groups (the Bacillus cereus group (n = 35), B. licheniformis (n = 7), the B. subtilis group (n = 29), B. pumilus (n = 16), and Bacillus sp. (n = 3). All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol and meropenem. The antibiotic resistance profiles of the tested groups of Bacillus spp. differed from each other, which is of particular concern in relation to multidrug-resistant representatives of the B. cereus group resistant to cefotaxime (94.29%), ampicillin (88.57%), rifampicin (80%), and norfloxacin (65.71%). Our study provides data on the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity of Bacillus sp. In raw milk, suggesting a potential risk to health and the dairy industry.
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Graniak, Grzegorz, Alina Olender, and Katarzyna Naylor. "Differentiation of Bacillus anthracis and other Bacillus cereus group bacterial strains using multilocus sequence typing method." Folia Biologica et Oecologica 16 (December 30, 2020): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1730-2366.16.02.
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The study describes the preparation of the phylogenetic differentiation of Bacillus cereus strains. The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria is very important for human and animal health. The multilocus sequence typing scheme has been used to present this group of bacteria’s phylogenetic relationship and structure. The MLST system was established using 60 isolates of B. anthracis, B. cereus sensu stricto, B. thuringiensis, and transitional environment strains of Bacillus spp. As a negative control, five strains of B. subtilis and B. megaterium were used. Primers for amplification and sequencing were designed to target highly conserved internal fragment of seven housekeeping genes: glpF, gmk, ilvD, pta, pur, pycA, and tpi. A total of 22 different sequence types (STs) were distinguished. Analysis of the sequence data showed that all of the Bacillus cereus strains are very closely related. The MLST scheme exhibited a high level of resolution that can be used as an excellent tool for studying the phylogenetic relationship, epidemiology, and population structure of the Bacillus cereus group strains. The MLST method additionally allows us to define the phylogenetic relationship between very closely related strains based on a combination of the sequences of all seven alleles fragments and each of them separately. Thus, this genetic investigation tool is very useful in epidemiological investigation of potential military/ bioterrorist use of B. anthracis.
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Mihok, Emőke, Éva György, and Endre Máthé. "The Carpathian lingonberry, raspberry and blackberry fruit extracts feature variable antimicrobial efficiency." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 23, 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/2365.
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Wild berry is an excellent source of phytonutrients and/or bioactive compounds associated with significant therapeutic properties, so that they have been utilized in folk medicine and traditional nutrition throughout centuries. Multiple health-promoting effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-heart and coronary disease properties were attributed to such wild berries. It has also been proved that berries could feature antimicrobial effects that could be of a great importance for the prevention of food-feed poisoning and fighting back antibiotic resistance.
 In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial properties of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) crude and ethanolic extracts prepared from fruits obtained from the spontaneous flora of Eastern Carpathian Mountains situated in Transylvania. The antimicrobial effect of crude and alcoholic extracts were assessed on four Gram-negative, five Gram-positive bacteria and one yeast species using the agar diffusion method. The studied bacteria can cause food or feed spoilage and foodborne diseases. Our results indicate the significant inhibitory effect of lingonberry extracts in the case of Gram-negative bacteria like Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella Hartford, while among Gram-positive bacteria the strongest inhibitory effect was observed for Bacillus species like B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. mojavensis and Micrococcus luteus. The raspberry and blackberry extracts featured milder inhibitory effects in the case of the studied bacteria species. Furthermore, we have studied the crude or ethanolic extract combinations associated antimicrobial effects synergistic/additive or antagonistic properties. Interestingly, the triple and double ethanolic extract mixes had stronger antimicrobial properties, whereas the crude extract mixes showed relatively reduced effects, if any. Our results indicate that the antimicrobial activity of studied fruit extracts obtained from wild berries can vary upon the applied extraction method and their combination formulae, so that all these considerations must be taken into account when such fruit extracts are considered for foodstuff development.
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Rai, Satyam, Priyanka Singh Rao, Vivek Sharma, Diwas Pradhan, and Richa Singh. "Antimicrobial Potential of Panchagavya Formulation from Indian Cow Breeds." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 13, no. 6 (2022): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2022.2790.
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The Sanskrit word panchagavya means the “mixture of five cow products”, viz. dung, urine, milk, curd and ghee. The present study involves standardization of method for preparation of panchagavya formulations on the basis of antimicrobial activity. For that, panchagavya prepared in three different ratios (A, B and C) were kept for fermentation at two different temperatures (37° and 25°C) up to 30 days. At 10 days interval, raw samples and their distillates were analyzed for pH and antimicrobial activities against selected indicator strains. The ratio A, B and C had pH value 7.49±0.09, 8.01±0.16 and 8.23±0.26, respectively at 0 day while distillate of corresponding samples showed pH towards the alkaline side. On fermentation the pH value of RA and its distillate shifted towards acidic side while that of ratio B and C and their distillate towards alkaline side. No antibacterial activity was observed against gram negative bacteria. The distillate of ratio A (DRA) fermented at 37°C showed maximum activity against the two-gram positive bacteria i.e.,Bacillus. subtilis and Bacillus. cereus on 20th day. Similarly in antifungal activity, the distillate of ratio A (DRA) fermented at 37°C showed maximum activity against Candida. Butyri, Rhodotorulaglutinis, Penicillium camemberti and Aspergillus niger. Overall, the highest antimicrobial activity was observed in the distillate of panchagavya prepared by mixing all the raw ingredients in equal ratio, fermented at 37°C up to 20 days. The activity was more predominant in panchagavya distillate of Gir and Sahiwal compared to Tharparkar and Karan Fries.
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Hussain, Nadia, Farhan Mohiuddin, Fatima Muccee, Saboor Muarij Bunny, and Amal H. I. Al Haddad. "Isolation, Molecular, and Metabolic Profiling of Benzene-Remediating Bacteria Inhabiting the Tannery Industry Soil." Polish Journal of Microbiology 74, no. 1 (2025): 33–47. https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2025-003.
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Abstract Benzene is a pervasive contaminant and human carcinogen. Its remediation from environmental resources using conventional procedures has always been challenging due to high cost and incomplete benzene degradation. The present study was designed to explore highly efficient bacteria with benzene degrading potential from tannery industry soil, which might be used as an alternative to these conventional benzene removal remedies. Bacterial isolation was performed using benzene (80 μl/1,000 ml) supplemented with minimal salt media (MSM). Characterization of isolates was carried out by performing growth curve analysis, Gram staining, biochemical characterization via Remel RapID™ NF PLUS System (Thermo Scientific™, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., USA), antibiotic sensitivity profiling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, benzene removal efficiency estimation assay, FTIR, and GC-MS profiling. Five bacteria isolated in the present study were identified as Paracoccus aestuarii PUB1, Bacillus tropicus PUB2, Bacillus albus PUB3, Bacillus subtilis PUB4, and Bacillus cereus PUB6. All of these fast-growing bacteria were Gram-positive except P. aestuarii PUB1. Maximum benzene removal efficiency (30 mg/l per 25 h) was found in B. tropicus PUB2. Comparing the FTIR spectra of bacterial culture supernatant versus control revealed the peaks shifting corresponding to benzene ring bonds breaking. GC-MS analysis identified the metabolic intermediates from benzoate methylation and benzaldehyde pathways. These bacteria can be employed for benzene degradation via enzyme-based nanoparticle synthesis or cloning of relevant genes in eco-friendly expression systems.
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Nord, David, Eduard Torrents, and Britt-Marie Sjöberg. "A Functional Homing Endonuclease in the Bacillus anthracis nrdE Group I Intron." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 14 (2007): 5293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00234-07.
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ABSTRACT The essential Bacillus anthracis nrdE gene carries a self-splicing group I intron with a putative homing endonuclease belonging to the GIY-YIG family. Here, we show that the nrdE pre-mRNA is spliced and that the homing endonuclease cleaves an intronless nrdE gene 5 nucleotides (nt) upstream of the intron insertion site, producing 2-nt 3′ extensions. We also show that the sequence required for efficient cleavage spans at least 4 bp upstream and 31 bp downstream of the cleaved coding strand. The position of the recognition sequence in relation to the cleavage position is as expected for a GIY-YIG homing endonuclease. Interestingly, nrdE genes from several other Bacillaceae were also susceptible to cleavage, with those of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (nrdE1), B. anthracis, and Bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian being better substrates than those of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus lichenformis, and S. epidermidis (nrdE2). On the other hand, nrdE genes from Lactococcus lactis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Corynebacterium ammoniagenes were not cleaved. Intervening sequences (IVSs) residing in protein-coding genes are often found in enzymes involved in DNA metabolism, and the ribonucleotide reductase nrdE gene is a frequent target for self-splicing IVSs. A comparison of nrdE genes from seven gram-positive low-G+C bacteria, two bacteriophages, and Nocardia farcinica showed five different insertion sites for self-splicing IVSs within the coding region of the nrdE gene.
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Adesina, Abiola Olanike. "Exploring the Antibacterial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Some Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria." Saudi Journal of Biomedical Research 10, no. 04 (2025): 131–39. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjbr.2025.v10i04.002.
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Increase in microbial resistance of commonly used antibiotics is a major health concern globally this has necessitated researchers to focus on cheaper alternative materials which could perform the role of antibiotics. This study aimed at investigating the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO Nps) and exploring the synthesized nanoparticles as sources of antimicrobials. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles was tested against ten different bacteria namely; Enterobacter agglumerans, Corynebacterium bovis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The results from this study revealed that four out of the test organisms (S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli and Bacillus subtilis) were susceptible to the ZnO nanoparticles. The diameter of the zones of inhibition (ZOI) ranging from 14.50 – 25.50 mm. The synthesized nanoparticles showed the highest activity with S. aureus (ZOI = 25.50 mm, followed by B. cereus (22.00 mm), E. coli and B. subtilis (14.50 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results showed that ZnO NPs was most effective against S. aureus and B. cereus at 25% concentration while minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was at 50%. These findings revealed that zinc oxide nanoparticles have great potentials for inhibiting clinical isolates; thus, their use as an alternative means for new drug discovery should be encouraged.