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1
Geduld, Bernadette Winefrede. "'n Model vir die ontwikkeling van die selfgereguleerde leervaardighede van afstandsleerders / B.W. Geduld." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4709.
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Die doel met hierdie navorsing was om ‘n analise van die selfgereguleerde leervaardighede van leerders in die BEd Honneurs Oopafstandsleerprogram te doen en ‘n onderrigmodel daar te stel om genoemde vaardighede te verbeter. Om hierdie doel te bereik is ‘n literatuurstudie onderneem ten einde a) leer te omskryf volgens die behavioristiese, sosiaal–kognitiewe, inligtingverwerkings, konstruktiwistiese teorieë en volwasse leerteorieë; b) selfgereguleerde leer te omskryf vanuit die behaviouristiese, fenomenologiese, Vygotskiaanse, kognitief–konstruktivistiese en sosiaal–kognitiewe beskouinge, met die klem op laasgenoemde beskouing en c) afstandsleer en die vereistes wat afstandsleer en selfgereguleerde leer aan afstandsleerders stel, te beskryf.
Vanuit literatuur is bepaal dat effektiewe leer gedefinieer word vanuit die navorser se oriëntasie tot leer sowel as die aard van leer in ‘n spesifieke konteks. Die verskillende leerteorieë beklemtoon verskillende aspekte van leer en hou verskillende implikasies in vir programontwerp, rolle van onderriggewers, leermetodes en assessering. Verder dui literatuur op ‘n positiewe verband tussen selfgereguleerde leer en akademiese prestasie. Terselfdertyd dui bestaande literatuur daarop dat suksesvolle afstandsleerders selfregulerend moet kan leer en dus oor sodanige vaardighede moet beskik.
Die navorsingspopulasie het bestaan uit BEd Honneurs oopafstandsleerders van Noordwes–Universiteit asook fleksieleerders van die Noordwes–Universiteit, Potchefstroomkampus wat alreeds eksamen afgelê het in die Leerperspektiewe module. Die teikengroep het bestaan uit leerders wat reeds vroeër eksamen afgelê het in die module LEON 611 en tydens kontaksessies in 2010 by spesifieke kontaksentrums en vakansieskole bygewoon en die vraelyste voltooi het (n=264).
‘n Multi–metode ontwerp is geïmplementeer waar ‘n kombinasie van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsing aangewend is om die navorsingsprobleem beter te verstaan. Kwantitatiewe data is ingesamel aan die hand van vier vraelyste waarná aanvullende kwalitatiewe data–insameling met semi–gestruktureerde onderhoude gevolg het. Kwantitatiewe navorsing het geskied aan die hand van ‘n ex post facto–benadering en data is statisties ontleed deur middel van a) faktoranalise, b) meervoudige regressie–analise, c) stapsgewyse regressie–analise en d) effekgroottes. Kwalitatiewe data is met behulp van ATLAS.ti.6.0 - ‘n rekenaarondersteunde stelsel, ontleed.
Resultate van die ondersoek dui daarop dat deelnemers nie voldoen aan al die vereistes vir effektiewe afstandsleer nie. Bereiking van leerdoelwitte is in ‘n groot mate afhanklik van die steun van onderriggewers en porture. Hul beskik nie oor inligtingstegnologiese vaardighede nie en kan nie effektief leer waar nie–moedertaalonderrig ter sprake is nie. In teenstelling met bestaande literatuur dui kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe resultate op ‘n lae verband bestaan tussen afstandsleerders se selfgereguleerde leervaardighed en hul akademiese prestasie. Deelnemers maak selde gebruik van selfgereguleerde leervaardighede soos ter sprake tydens die voorafdenkfase maar meer tydens die wilsbeheer– en selfreaksiefases.
‘n Model is ontwikkel vir die verbetering van selfgereguleerde leervaardighede van oopafstandsleerders, inbegrepe deurlopende ontwikkeling van akademiese taalvaardigheid en inligtingstegnologiese vaardighede. Aanpassings in studiemateriaal en verandering van onderrigstrategieë en terugvoer is belangrike aspekte van die model.Thesis (Ph.D. (Education))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Goiran, Claire. "Les écrits antihérétiques fin XIIe-début XIIIe siècle : L’apport de l'édition de trois traités (Madrid, B.N. 6911, Reims, B.M. 495, Troyes, B.M. 1068)." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE2023.
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Le travail est basé sur l'édition scientifique de trois traités antihérétiques anonymes et inédits. L'étude menée à partir de cette édition a permis d'apporter un éclairage nouveau sur la compréhension de la construction du discours antihérétique. Il apparaît que ces traités ne présentent pas une hérésie cathare constituée comme une vraie religion. Il faut les comprendre comme un ensemble de chapitres qui sont autant de problèmes qui peuvent se poser à propos du dogme catholique, problèmes qui ne sont pas envisagés comme solidaires les uns des autres mais comme susceptibles de se poser de façon autonome. Ces traités ont été rédigés par un compilateur plus que par un auteur, puisqu'il s'agit de textes qui sont constitués par l'organisation d'autorités réparties par thèmes. Le but de ce compilateur n'était pas, malgré l'emploi du style direct dans le discours, de « polémiquer » avec d'éventuels hérétiques, mais plutôt d'informer les prêtres avec charge d'âme. Ces trois textes ne présentent, sur chaque thème, que des lieux communs, donnant aux traités une image atemporelle. Cela peut paraître étonnant de prime abord, mais cela s'éclaire assez bien si l'on considère que ces traités sont avant tout des ouvrages de vulgarisation qui ont été composés pour des prêtres considérés a priori comme ignorants par des hommes formés dans les écoles. Pour les trois traités, il y a un thème crucial, qui tourne autour de l'ecclésiologie et des sacrements, un thème a le vent en poupe et est de plus en plus soigné : le dualisme, enfin, des thèmes sontOur work is based on the scientific study of three anonymous and previously unpublished antiheretic treaties. The study of this edition has allowed a new light to be thrown on the understanding and construction of the antiheretic discourse. These various treaties do not portray a Cathar heresy constituted as a true religion. They must be taken into consideration as a group of chapters that are as many problems as can be raised about the Catholic dogma – problems not to be looked upon as interdependent but liable to exist for themselves. The treaties have been written by a compiler rather than by an author as their constitution by the organization of authorities classified by themes makes obvious. In so doing, the goal of the compiler was not, though he uses free direct speech in his discourse, to become involved in a controversy with possible heretics but rather to instruct priests who had the cure of souls. The three texts only have commonplaces to offer on each of the various themes, thus conferring a timeless image to the treaties. This may seem surprising at first but becomes clear enough when one considers they were in the first place popularizing works written by scholars and intended for priests looked down upon as ignorant. A crucial theme, that of ecclesiology and sacraments, runs through the three treaties while that of dualism gains both in importance and clarity. At the same time other themes, such as those dealing with priesthood as well as oath and murder, are obviously loosing ground
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Allen, Kimberly, Sarah Kirby, Taylor McDonald, and Bria Sledge. "B.E. Safe." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/2.
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Methodology:
The Behavioral and Environmental Safety Program (B.E. Safe) for Early Childhood Professionals is being developed in response to Federal Safety regulations for childcare procedures and addresses social and emotional safety concerns. The curriculum includes Family Life Education content areas focusing on diversity, inclusion, social and emotional health, bullying prevention, supporting children with special needs, building relationships with parents, and understanding children’s behavior.
Discussion of existing research:
Research states that high quality childcare and education benefits all children (DHSS, 2015). Best practices indicate that Early Childhood Professionals need high quality training to be equipped to understand child development, strategies for working with families, and having the resources for supports when including children with disabilities in early childcare programs (DHSS, 2015). Not only should Early Childhood Professionals be equipped with the tools and resources to understand children’s behavior, educators need to demonstrate competency in state regulations, environmental safety for children, and playground safety (Sheridan, Edwards, Marvin & Knoche, 2009). B.E. Safe allows Early Childhood Professionals to engage in a research-based training that will help to ensure safety within their center.
Connection to Theory:
Behavior theories of child development incorporate environmental influences on behavior (Shute & Slee, 2015). A child’s early learning environment and the adults influence of children affects emotional, social, and physical development. B.E. Safe relates to Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory (1978) suggesting that children learn actively through hands on experiences. The Sociocultural Theory suggest that parents, caregivers, and a child’s environment from a young age is largely responsible for higher order functions (Shute & Slee, 2015). Proficiency in Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) will allow participants to grasp how traumatic events can affect a child’s developmental process. Educating early childcare professionals on ACEs will allow for adults to be aware of what to look for, and how to keep children protected from adverse experiences (Sacks, Murphey & Moore, 2014).
How will the study add to knowledge/innovative practice?
Family Scientists will gain knowledge on best practices for providing Family Life Education to Early Childhood Professionals. Specifically, participants will gain knowledge on promoting inclusion, understanding behavior issues, developmental delays, and how to keep children safe from potential environmental hazards.
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Kafmann, Simon. "BMW iSPACE." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-171727.
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Architecture and mobility merge together to provide space for activities away from both home and office. The densification of people’s living space and the delocalisation of the workplace are two of the biggest emerging trends in the near future. Society is constantly changing with new needs and desires. The Internet of Things, new technologies and possibilities of autonomous driving enable new approaches to redesign the traditional car. The aim of this project is to rethink mobility and especially the car as we know it today. Since it has been shown that cars are no longer used exclusively as a means of transport, but also as mobile space, the image of the car as people know it could be redrawn Since BMW i is an innovative brand, which can break new ground, it can be ahead of its time and lead society instead of following it. After the first research and examination of relevant topics, the results were further developed and worked out. The system in which the concept takes place is defined in more detail based on further investigations such as scenario, marketplace and target group. The focus is mainly on the interior and exterior of the vehicle. In addition, an insight into the inspiration and the process of aesthetic design is described and illustrated in several sketches and renderings. Then the further development in 3D and VR (Virtual Reality) is shown up to the final digital model. iSpace is a system that brings attention to the potential new role of the car in the coming years. iSpace is rather a mobile architecture than a conventional car, which means that it is used in a completely new and fresh way. The vehicle is designed to be used mainly in the static mode and offers the possibilities of a mobile space to support the flexible and delocalised lifestyle of people. In that sense it shows a completely new view how a vehicle could look like, while creating new kind of benefits to enrich and improve the quality of life. iSpace is part of a bigger system containing several vehicles to cover different types of needs and HUBs, which are the extension of the vehicles to various locations in urban areas.
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Wong, Wai-yi Winnie, and 黃慧怡. "A study of Empress Lu (241 B.C.-180 B.C.)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31952471.
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Maarof, Haidar. "Eisenbahnvertrieb bzw. -marketing /." kostenfrei, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/tuberlin/volltexte/2010/2531/.
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Gibbs, Andrew B. "Don’t Bow Down." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1801.
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Perpetuating African ancestral customs, Mardi Gras Indians in New Orleans avoid the African American identity crises illuminated by the poetry of the Harlem Renaissance. The poetry of Langston Hughes, Claude McKay and Waring Cuney incorporate W.E.B. DuBois’ double-consciousness theory to reveal the identity issues and ancestral alienation plaguing African Americans at the turn of the twentieth-century. In comparison, unique political and social circumstances in New Orleans allowed enslaved Africans to practice their ancestral customs weekly. The preservation of this heritage fostered a black community in New Orleans rich in traditions, pride and self-conviction. The development of Mardi Gras Indian culture and the allusions to Africa in Harlem poetry reveal the power of ancestry to establish identity.
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Didrichsons, Anja. "BMW Motorrad Spirit." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149727.
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The aim of this thesis project was to create something, that has never been there before in motorcycle design. A new, deep collaboration between the future generation of riders and their bikes. It should create a whole new riding experience. And this experience should be inspirational and new to several fi elds of transportation design besides motorcycling. The process started with the research and inspiration fi nding. It continued with form exploration through sketching, ergonomic tests and photoshop sketches. The whole process was based on an interdisciplinary working method. Being in touch with modelers, engineers, generative designers, color and trim designers was an essential part of the project. The interdisciplinary work continued digitally, with many different types of software. Creating the 3D visualisation of the project required the use of Alias, Cinema 4D, Rhino, Grasshopper, Fuse, Speedform, Maya and VRED. Frequently reviews on the current project status and taking part in technical meetings, along with responsible designers at BMW, in combination with weekly reviews with the university, structured the time plan throughout the whole project. As well as fl ying to the university for check-ups and presentations. BMW Spirit provides a revolutionary experience for future motorcycle riders. Focusing on the interaction between the rider and the bike, it creates the opportunity to build a deep relationship. Since AI becomes more and more important in our daily lives developing ways of human-machine interactions will be crucial for our future. The concept is focused on the opportunities it could bring to combine an Artifi cial Intelligence with motorcycling. BMW Spirit creates a human-machine symbiosis and is controlled like an extension of the human body, with intuitive movements. The built in Artifi cial Intelligence is the rider’s companion and develops its own character and consciousness over time. It learns and grows together with the rider and adapted to the rider. Growing trust enables more possibilities to push the limits and enjoying the power of this unique riding experience.
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Loube, Heather. "The "Metz Epitome": Alexander (July, 330 B.C.-July, 325 B.C.). A commentary." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10107.
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This historical commentary on the Metz Epitome, a late fragmentary account of Alexander's exploits, compares the work with the extant early Alexander historians. The sources of the anonymous author have much in common with the Cleitarchan historians, in particular, Diodorus Siculus and Quintus Curtius Rufus. Non-Cleitarchan elements in the text seem to reflect a certain affinity with a Hebraic tradition concerning Alexander. An examination of the author's methodology suggests that "epitome" is not an accurate description of the work in question. The anonymous author has achieved a unique portrait of Alexander and included information not found elsewhere. In view of its late authorship and the few new crumbs of historical fact it offers, the value of the Metz Epitome lies in its interpretation of Alexander's career rather than as a source for it.
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Yong-fei, Han. "BMW i-3/60°." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-72807.
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Now and in the future we will consider more and more ecological aspects. The car industry already has a strong commitment to environmental care, but I have decided to investigate how we can go a step further. Imagine a car taking advantage of new and upcoming technologies to reduce its footprint. This vehicle will demonstrate a new method to mass produce cars by simplifying the workflow and reduce the amount of component. The main idea is to be energy efficient while you build it and drive it.
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Tomás, Pedro Almeida Figueiredo. "Equity research – BMW AG." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16939.
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Mestrado em FinançasEste projeto aborda uma extensa e detalhada avaliação da BMW AG, obedecendo à estrutura de Trabalho Final de Mestrado, neste caso projeto, do Mestrado de Finanças do ISEG. O relatório foi escrito tendo conta as recomendações do Instituto CFA.
This project represents a detailed evaluation of BMW AG, guided by the structure of ISEG's Master in Finance final work project. This equity report was written according to CFA Institute's recommendations. The reason behind choosing BMW AG lies on my personnel interest on auto industry and the curiosity to analyze how the reality of it is changing nowadays. This report was written in accordance with the public information available on August 30, 2018, and any information or event subsequent to this specific date will not be reflected on this valuation.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Wong, Wai-yi Winnie. "A study of Empress Lu (241 B.C.-180 B.C.) Lü hou yan jiu /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31952471.
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Werner, Constanze. "Kriegswirtschaft und Zwangsarbeit bei BMW." München Oldenbourg, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2668097&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Handley-Schachler, Iain-Morrison. "Achaemenid religion, 521-465 B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357523.
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Edinborough, Kevan Stephen Anthony. "Evolution of bow-arrow technology." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444653/.
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This thesis examines the development of bow-arrow technology in terms of modem evolutionary theory. Previous approaches that propose functional-adaptive technological trajectories are critiqued. Different theoretical approaches towards technology and associated units of analysis are examined. Behavioural ecology, evolutionary archaeology, and dual inheritance theory are shown to hold most promise for explaining trait-lineages in a given technological tradition. Previous approaches to bow-arrow technology are analysed, and an evolutionary archaeological methodology appropriate for examining lithic armatures is presented. Environment, historical contingency, selection, drift, population dynamics and social learning mechanisms are seen as key complex factors requiring case by case examination. An evolutionary case study with nine temporally, geographically, and culturally related stratigraphic phases containing a total of 3600 complete lithic armatures from the south Scandinavian middle Mesolithic (c. 6600-5400 BC) is presented. The phases are described in terms of associated fine-grained archaeological data and previous interpretations. A Bayesian chronological framework is constructed for the case study, using modelling facilities in the OxCal calibration package. This method time-steps and calculates relative occupation durations of point bearing phases in terms of available archaeological and radiometric data. The chronological model covers the culture-historical periods termed Blak, Kongemose and Early Ertebolle phases. The validity of previous typological interpretations of projectile point sequences is questioned in light of these results. The nine time-stepped lithic armature assemblages are then analysed to describe inter- and intra-site point trait variation. A linked series of descriptive and multivariate statistical techniques identify key morphological attributes that summarise trait variation within and between phases. Variation is graphically represented and related to different social learning populations, reduction strategies, and engineering constraints. A remarkably long-term homogenous pattern of complex projectile point manufacture is found for the Kongemose phases, compared to the temporally bracketing Blak and Ertebolle phases. Faunal, climatic, and population level factors are then modelled to account for variation and stability of the case study's armature traits. Faunal data from the Tagerup and Segebro sites, spanning the case study period, are examined for possible diet breadth changes, in relation to point-trait variation. No functional relationship is found between point-shape and potential target-prey. A population model is then constructed in OxCal using all published south Scandinavian radiometric data from the final Maglemose to the final Ertebolle cultural phases. A simple model of landmass reduction, forestation cover and mammalian population density levels demonstrates reduced land mass alone would not significantly affect human population levels - even with relatively high human population densities. Holocene 5180 and A14C data is used as a proxy for contemporaneous climatic fluctuations. These proxies are plotted and superimposed onto the population graph. A correlation between climate change, population fluctuation, and projectile point technology is found. As changes in point morphology and lithic reduction strategies coincide with apparent regional drops in population, drift processes may account for some variation in point-shape.
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Gaskell, Edmund James. "Peloponnesian politics : 371-361 B.C." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250555.
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Sessions, Blake A. "A computational bow-spring model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65303.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, February 2011."May 2010." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Bow-springs find few applications in industry. Principally, they are used in archery. In addition, they have found some use in a compression-spring mode in the field of biomechatronics, to emulate elastic human legs. The mechanical behavior (characterized by deflected shape and deformation force) is difficult to model, because internal forces and moments and the geometry are both unknown. The only closed-form solutions to such systems are relatively useless to a mechanical engineer. This work comprises an iterative model developed in MATLAB that computes the mechanical behavior of buckled beam (or bow-spring) sections, over a range of parameters and geometries, to be used in the development and testing of compression bow-springs as parallel loading systems to the human leg.
by Blake A. Sessions.
S.B.
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Gooding, Peter W. (Peter Ward) 1973. "Collision with a crushable bow." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88341.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-40).
by Peter W. Gooding.
S.M.
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Ševčík, Miroslav. "Výfukové potrubí pro motor BMW." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-255792.
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This master´s thesis describes design and optimalization of the exhaust mainfold and an effective muffler for BMW 320i E30 car. This car is equipped with 6 cylinder engine M20B20. The construction is carried out with regard to the rules laid down by FAS Czech Republic. I used theoretical knowledge and Lotus Engine Simulation software in this thesis.
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Erez, Eva. "Veränderungen der Hämodynamik und Lungenmechanik in Bauch- versus Rückenlage bzw. mit fixiertem bzw. freiem Thorax." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-150906.
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Anderson, Wendy R. M. "The significance of Middle Nubian C-Group mortuary variability, ca. 2200 B.C. to ca. 1500 B.C. /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41966.
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Several twentieth century archaeological expeditions to Lower Nubia recovered the skeletal and cultural remains of C-Group populations mainly from cemetery sites between Shellal and the Second Cataract. Along with the remains of the more or less contemporary Pangrave and Kerma peoples, the C-Group archaeological sequence was assigned to the Middle Nubian Period which lasted from the Sixth to the Eighteenth Egyptian Dynasties and is dated from ca. 2200 B.C. to ca. 1500 B.C. Conflicting interpretations of C-Group socioeconomic conditions are inevitable since no systematic analysis of the data resulting from the excavations of Middle Nubian cemeteries has ever been undertaken. In an attempt to assess the extent of C-Group economic contact with the Egyptians and to resolve the issue of possible growing social differentiation within the C-Group community, a quantitative analysis of the mortuary remains from fifteen C-Group cemeteries was undertaken. The results indicate that the flow of a small number of Egyptian artefacts into Lower Nubia was relatively constant and that contact between Lower Nubians and Egyptians was probably quite limited. Egyptian portrayals of constant fluctuation in Egyptian-Nubian political relations do not correspond with the evidence from the Nubian archaeological record. The analysis also indicated that economic inequality amongst the Middle Nubian population was present in each date category and tended to increase over time. Socioeconomic differences were greatest during the middle of the Second Intermediate Period. These findings indicate that the Middle Nubian socioeconomic system tolerated increasingly conspicuous differences amongst its members. They are not consistent with the hypothesis that no increase in differential access to burial resources occurred between ca. 2100 and ca. 1550 B.C. and that C-Group social and economic conditions remained virtually unchanged throughout their 800-year history.
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Knell, Andreas. "Katalytische Gasphasendehydrierung von 10,11-Dihydro-5H-Dibenz[b.f]azepin (Iminodibenzyl) zu 5H-Dibenz[b.f]azepin (Iminostilben) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11030.
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Anderson, Wendy R. M. "The significance of Middle Nubian C-group mortuary variability, ca. 2200 B.C. to ca. 1500 B.C." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq29875.pdf.
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Anderson, Wendy Rose Marie. "The significance of Middle Nubian C-group mortuary variability ca. 2200 B.C. to ca. 1500 B.C. /." Ottawa : National Library of Canada, 1999. http://tinyurl.com/24snk.
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Franzke, Jochen. "Funktional- bzw. Gebietsreformen und kommunale Leistungsfähigkeit." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6537/.
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I. Klassische Fragestellung – Aktueller Reformschub
II. Veränderte Rahmenbedingen für Funktional- und Territorialreformen
III. Zwei stabile Grundmodelle des Verwaltungsaufbaus in Deutschland
IV. Funktional- und Gebietsreformen
V. Gebietsreformen
VI. Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick
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Swinkels, Jozef Johannes Philip. "De belastingplichtige in de Europese BTW." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/81387.
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Müller, Caroline. "Coping bei Knochenmark- bzw. Peripherer Blutstammzellentransplantation." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10989981.
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Mendoza, Cuadra Mónica, Bandach Hurr Rodríguez, and García Rodolfo Rubatto. "Plan de marketing para BMW Lifestyle." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/1481.
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Perú representa para BMW la tercera plaza más importante de la región, liderando por 14 años consecutivos las ventas del segmento de autos de lujo (para ser considerados en el segmento de lujo, premium o gama alta, cualquier marca debe cumplir con prestaciones y beneficios exclusivos para el usuario, precio alto y no de fácil acceso). En los últimos años este segmento viene creciendo pese a las fluctuaciones de la coyuntura económica.
Aprovechando este posicionamiento, BMW es la primera marca de autos Premium que lanza en Perú su línea de productos lifestyle a la que denomina BMW Lifestyle, que es poco conocida entre sus clientes y público en general. En una primera fase ubica su primer y aún único punto de venta en el centro comercial Jockey Plaza en julio de 2014.
«Estamos de acuerdo que los ingresos de las firmas automotrices se deben a sus autos aunque la mercancía oficial contribuye a sus ganancias, la mayoría de las marcas premium venden todo tipo de cosas, desde equipajes pasando por ropa hasta llegar a los accesorios y juguetes. Probablemente, si eres propietario de alguna vehículo Ferrari, Porsche, Lamborghini o Mini quieras hacer combinar tu auto con algo en tu vestimenta relacionado con la marca, y si no eres propietario de alguna vehículo premium, quisieras tener algo con el logo de tu marca favorita, por esta razón BMW lanza su colección Lifestyle, la cual está disponible vía web o distribuidores autorizados» (Santillán, 2014).
Esta extensión de línea permitirá ampliar el universo de posibilidades de no solo estar presentes en el concesionario de vehículos, sino, estar presente en centros comerciales del target objetivo que aumentan el valor de la marca en sí mismo.
El análisis de este trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo identificar la oportunidad de crecimiento de la línea BMW Lifestyle a través de la búsqueda del canal(es) más rentable(s).
Se determina la ubicación más idónea para la apertura del segundo punto de venta BMW Lifestyle en un C.C. de la ciudad de Lima, asimismo, se analiza las variables de incentivo de compra, el perfil del consumidor y los Insight de motivación de consumo para el potencial comprador y el usuario final de los producto de la línea BMW Lifestyle.
Cabe mencionar que las cifras mostradas en la presente investigación han sido modificadas por motivos de confiabilidad para salvaguardar los datos reales de la empresa.
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Billingham, Laurence. "Upstream Transients at Planetary Bow Shocks." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/4693.
Full textAbstract:
Kinetic processes occurring upstream of planetary bow shocks can greatly perturb the magnetosphere-striking solar wind. Collisionless shocks are highly non-linear systems with complicated feedback mechanisms. Transient events form part of the growing evidence that shocks are highly variable and far more complex than a large-scale quasi-static picture would suggest. In this thesis we survey Cluster magnetic field, thermal ion, and energetic particle observations upstream of Earth's bow shock to investigate events known as foreshock cavities. Foreshock cavities exhibit depressions in magnetic field magnitude and thermal ion density, associated with enhanced fluxes of energetic ions. Two models of foreshock cavity formation exist and we attempt to discriminate between them. Cavities are found in all parts of the Cluster orbit upstream of the bow shock but preferentially in fast, moderate magnetic field strength solar wind streams. Localising foreshock cavity observations in a coordinate system organised by physical processes in the foreshock, reveals a systematic change in foreshock cavity location with the cone angle between the solar wind flow and magnetic field. At low (high) cone angles foreshock cavities are observed outside (inside) the expected boundary of the intermediate ion foreshock. This result favours a model of foreshock cavities as isolated bundles of magnetic flux preferentially filled with energetic particles. We present a case study locating an isolated foreshock cavity precisely with respect to measured bow shock position. We use Cluster's multispacecraft nature to constrain the cavity extent. Associated particle populations are studied in detail. A second case study is shown to coincide with a transition from the deep ion foreshock to the electron foreshock. This event has some features expected from the new model of cavities as brief encounters with a spatial boundary in the global foreshock. Finally, we present the first observations of explosive events resembling Hot Flow Anomalies near Saturn's bow shock.
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Varsakis, Irene, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Besant revisted : the Fincastle site (DIOx-5) and archaeological cultures on the northwestern plains, 2500 B.P.-1250 B.P." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/544.
Full textAbstract:
An assemblage of distinctive projectile points from the Fincastle site (DlOx-5),
Alberta at c. 2500 B.P. instigated an analysis of archaeological cultures on the Northern
Plains during the late Middle Prehistoric Period. Archaeological sites included in this
study are from the Pelican Lake Phase, the Besant Phase, the Sandy Creek Complex, a
previously Unnamed Complex, and the Plains Woodland at approximately 2500 – 1250
B.P. A projectile point analysis was conducted on assemblages from Fincastle, EbPi-63,
EgPn-111, Kenney (DjPk-1), Leavitt (24LT22), Muhlbach (FbPf-1), and Smith-Swainson
(FeOw-1) sites. As part of this study, nearly 40 metric and non-metric attributes were
examined in approximately 500 projectile points from these seven sites. Research
findings indicate that two coeval groups existed in Alberta, identified as the Kenney and Sonota subphases of the Besant Phase. Two additional subphases are hypothesized for the
Besant Phase in Wyoming and Montana.xix, 379 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Hollis, Gregory J. "Ecology and conservation biology of the Baw Baw frog Philoria frosti (Anura: Myobatrachidae) : distribution, abundance, autoecology and demography /." Connect to thesis, 2004. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001505.
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Dara, Christine. "Recueils lyriques collectifs entre Orléans et Bretagne : les manuscrits B.N nouv. acq. fr. 15771 et B.N. fr. 9223." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040141.
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Malgré les similitudes et l'existence possible d'une source commune, le B. N. Nouv. Acq. Fr. 15771 et le B. N. Fr. 9223 sont deux recueils lyriques collectifs qui n'ont pas été recopiés l'un sur l'autre. Ils nous offrent une image de ce qu'était la poésie bretonne de langue française au milieu du XVe siècle. La deuxième partie du B. N. Fr. 9223 nous apporte un témoignage important sur l'activité poétique du milieu de Jacques de Luxembourg - Richebourg. Premier jalon de notre étude, l'influence exercée par Charles d'Orléans à travers les poèmes dits " de concours ". La thématique tourne autour de deux axes : l'amour purement conventionnel et l'amour désenchanté qui semble de plus en plus inspiré par la réalité trouvent leur expression dans l'emploi systématique de la rime équivoquée et dérivative ainsi que dans l'utilisation de l'accumulation et de la contradiction. Amour et malheur sont presque consubstantiels. Dans ces livres d'amour, la mort n'apparaît qu'accessoirement comme un ornement banal. Le " Débat du jeune et du vieux " ainsi que le " Débat de Vie et de Mort " qui encadrent les poésies courtes ont mérité une approche à part. Blosseville, Vaillant, Antoine de Cuise et Jacques de Luxembourg-Richebourg sont parmi les poètes les plus représentésDespite the similarities and possible existence of a common source, the B. N. Nouv. Acq. Fr. 15771 and the B. N. Fr. 9223 are two collective lyrical anthologies that have not been copied out one over the other. They offer us an aspect of what Breton poetry was like in the French language in the middle of the fifteenth century. The second part of the B. N. Fr. 9223 bears upon an important account of poetic activity in Jacques de Luxembourg-Richebourg's milieu. The first stage of our study, is the influence that had been practiced by Charles d'Orléans throughout poems known as "de concours". The thematic evolves around two axes: that of purely conventional love and that of disenchanted love which seems to have been more and more inspired by reality which, in turn, find their means of expression through the systematic use of "équivoquée" rhyme, "dérivative" rhyme and through the use of accumulatory ("accumulation") and contrapuntal ("contradiction") elements. Love and despair are almost consubstantial. In these "livres d'amour" death appears to be but an accessory, like a commonplace ornament. The "Débat du jeune et du vieux" as well as the "Débat de Vie et de Mort " that encompasses short poetry have acquired a different approch. Blosseville, Vaillant, Antoine de Cuise and Jacques de Luxembourg-Richebourg are amongst the poets that are the most represented in the anthologies mentioned above
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Stegemann, Patrick. "Gerenderte Produktanimation mit Creo bzw. Pro/ENGINEER." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-87944.
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Nielsen, Paul. "3D CFD-analysis of conceptual bow wings." Thesis, KTH, Marina system, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-31072.
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As a small step towards their long-term vision of one day producing emission free vessels, Wallenius em-ployed, in 2009, Mårten Silvanius to carry out his master thesis for them in which he studied five different concepts to reduce the overall fuel consumption using wind powered systems. The vessel on which his study was performed is the 230 m LCTC vessel M/V Fedora. One of the concepts studied was the bow wing which is thought to generate enough force in the ship direction to profitably reduce the overall wind resistance. His calculations showed that the wing would be the preferred method of the different concepts studied since it was determined cheapest to build, had good payback, had good global drag reducing ef-fects and had a predicted performance of a reduction in fuel cost between 3-5% on a worldwide route.This thesis is conducted mainly to verify the results of Silvanius numerical study. The method chosen is to perform a fully viscous 3-D CFD study on the entire flow around the above water portion of the ship in full scale. A 3-D model is created and the wing is placed using suggestions given by Silvanius.One major limitation in this project was the computational capacity available at the time this thesis was conducted. In order to run some of the viscous grids created the grids had to be severely coarsened. This had a negative impact on the reliability on some of the results.Since it has been difficult to obtain satisfactory solutions, no work has been done to optimize the shape and position of the wing.Nevertheless, one it has been shown that the wing does in fact affect the resistance in a positive way, however nowhere near as much as predicted by Silvanius. This effect needs to be further determined through further calculations, both using CFD and also through experimental wind tunnel testing where alternatives to the wing profile should be tested, e.g. replacing the wing with a vortex generator to further delay the point of separation.
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Leung, Ming-fong Selina. "A study of Li Guang (?-119 B.C.)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31950899.
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Berglund, Jimmy. "Eftermonterbart whiplash-skydd till BMW 5-serie." Thesis, Department of Management and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19720.
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Syftet med denna examensrapport är att ta fram ett eftermonterbart whiplashskydd till BMW 5-serie. Detta eftersom att denna modell, jämfört med modeller i samma prisklass, har fått mycket dåliga resultat i två oberoende whiplashtest.
Projektet resulterade i ett skydd som enkelt och tryggt kan monteras på nackstöden i bilen. Skyddet reducerar risken för en whiplashskada genom att minska det kritiska avståndet mellan huvud och nackstöd. Konstruktionen av skyddet är okomplicerad men designad så att den inte kan röra sig ur läge vid en kollision.
För att nå fram till detta resultat har en designmetodik använts som är lämpad för just detta ändamål. Designmetodiken innefattar olika processer så som brainstorming och evalueringsmatris.
Resultatet i denna rapport är endast ett koncept, så vidare utveckling krävs för att nå fram till en färdig produkt.
The objective of this master thesis is to develop a post-mountable whiplash protection device for the BMW 5 Series. The reason for this is that the model has, in comparison to other models in the same price range, performed porely in two independent whiplash tests.
The outcome of the project is a protection device that can be mounted in an easy and safe way on the headrests in the car. The protection device will reduce the risk of a whiplash injury by decreasing the critical distance between the head and the headrest. The protection device's design is simple, but engineered to prevent the device from moving out of position in case of a collision.
In order to reach the result, a design method suitable for this kind of work has been used. The design method involves different processes like brainstorming and the use of an evaluation matrix.
The result of the thesis is only conceptual, and further development is necessary to reach a final product.
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Leung, Ming-fong Selina, and 梁明芳. "A study of Li Guang (?-119 B.C.)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950899.
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MacEwen, Kelley. "Cultural rhetoric : the adaptation of BMW advertisements." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1446.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
English
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Heskel, Julia. "The North Aegean wars, 371-360 B.C. /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361991925.
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Kim, Ji Young 1968. "Analysis of bow crushing in ship collision." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77770.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-110).
Collision of ships with oil tankers poses, next to grounding, one of the most serious environmental threats at sea. In many previous analyses of the collision problem, the bow of the impacting ship was considered rigid. The objective of the present research is to include the finite strength of the bow in the overall collision simulation. The emphasis will be placed on typical raked shapes because some work already has been reported in the past on bulbous bows. The main structural members will include side shell and the deck. Transverse and longitudinal stiffeners will be taken into account by means of a smearing technique. A structural model is developed by identifying localized zones of plastic deformations from photographs of damaged ships. Then, the contributions of the membrane and bending resistance is assessed and a simple computational model is developed. The solution includes determination of the force-indentation relationship, a number of folds and a total amount of damage for a given speed of a ship. Five scale model tests were run and the force-deflection characteristics were recorded. A good correlation was obtained between the analytical solution and experimental results.
by Ji Young Kim.
S.M.
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Kyriazis, Georgios. "Bulbous bow design optimization for fast ships." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40238.
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Seddon, Melanie Jane. ""Giving feeling form" : B.S. Johnson's literary project." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/giving-feeling-form(2ed5f0ba-e2bb-4f45-a3d8-28363905079e).html.
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This thesis assesses the novels of B.S. Johnson and, building on earlier socio-cultural readings, for the first time identifies affect, mood and space as key drivers of Johnson’s work. It suggests fresh interactions with the texts via the artistic practice and philosophical thought of the late twentieth to early twenty-first centuries and reveals what more we can gain from reading Johnson now. Rather than fix this author in a canonized literary past it presents Johnson as a writer with inter-disciplinary appeal and influence. My reading champions the continued significance of Johnson’s work and endeavours to resist teleology; it dips in and out of the seven novels, at times circling back to key passages and episodes that can be assessed in multiple ways. The thesis thus follows Johnson’s practice and is palimpsestic, it is formed from multiple layers. Working with affective energies the chapters unfold to build upon each other but also stand to be read individually or even, in true Johnsonian style, at random. The reading moves in a range of directions exploring different nodes of an organic whole that constitutes the body of Johnson’s literary output. Any thesis must build momentum and therefore this thesis culminates in an extended conclusion which for the first time places Johnson at the vanguard of a spatial turn in the humanities. My final analysis suggests that Johnson’s practice advances the novel towards a model of “creative research” or project work – a reflexive adventure peculiar to the making process. This model is concerned with possibilities and processes rather than final resolution and happily accommodates Johnson’s vision of a chaotic, unknowable world.
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Mališová, Linda. "Analýza prodejnosti vozidel BMW na českém trhu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319391.
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The diploma thesis deals with analysis of sales of BMW vehicles on the Czech market. The production of the currently produced cars was described and analyzed the most commonly sold models. For these models, historical developments have been further analyzed, and its changes have been described in terms of vehicle technical level. On the basis of these evaluations, the price development of the individual models was assessed, as well as the comparison of the price of the sale price to the new price compared to the amortization scales in accordance with the Methodology of the Expert Standard No. I / 2005
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Östman, Sara. "The Changing Character of Mars’ Bow Shock." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179264.
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The aim of the project is to investigate the characteristics and causes of two different types of bow shocks at Mars. We define Type 1 as an undefined, drawn out ramp, and Type 2 as a shorter duration ramp that has clearer characteristics and behaves more like a step increase in the magnetic field. A total of forty five events of the two different types were investigated using data from 2014-2015 from NASA’s MAVEN spacecraft. The Power Spectral Density of the magnetic field is calculated for downstream/ramp/upstream intervals. The normal is calculated with a mixed-mode coplanarity model. Proton, alpha particle and atomic oxygen density are also calculated. Results show higher frequencies for nose events of Type 1, and lower for flank events of Type 1. No such pattern can be seen in Type 2 events. Proton and alpha-particles are shown to be shocked, and their densities are slightly higher at the flanks as compared to the nose of the bow shock. Atomic oxygen density stays constant before and after the bow shock, likely due to the fact that the oxygen originates mostly from the exosphere rather than from the solar wind. Ion densities seem not to be affected by whether the event is Type 1 or 2.
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Teepen, Kjell. "Bow design for operation in brash ice." Thesis, KTH, Marina system, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215001.
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Using a vessel for public transport can possibly save large amounts of time in a city as Stockholm. The transport is easy during the period of the year where there is no ice cover on the waters, however during the time when there is ice, the vessels used face more extreme conditions. Swedish Steel Yachts (SSY) now wants to have a design for their “Shuttle Ferry Concept” intended for operation all year round. SSY has developed a special way of designing a ship’s hull structure, using this design together with the super duplex stainless steel alloy, SAF2507, SSY hopes to revolutionize the ship building industry. The aim of this thesis is to deliver a bow design that is able to combine operation in brash ice with good performance in open water using the special SSY design together with the super duplex stainless steel. This thesis presents to you basic knowledge regarding operation in ice, ice theory, the SSY design concept more in detail and finally a design development of a suitable structure. The results from the thesis are shown, mainly as preferred outer geometry and expected load cases from the ice in the operational area.Genom att använda en båt som kommunalt färdmedel kan man troligen spara stora mängder tid i en stad som Stockholm. Transporten sker enkelt på tiden av året då det ej finns ett istäcke på vattnet, dock, under tiden det finns is, upplever båtar mycket ex-trema förhållanden. Swedish Steel Yachts (SSY) vill nu ha en design för deras "Shuttle Ferry Concept" ämnad för bruk året runt.SSY har utvecklat ett speciellt sätt att designa deras skrovkonstruktion, genom att använda denna design, tillsammans med ett super duplext rostfritt stål (SAF2507) hoppas SSY revolutionera sjöfartsbranschen. Målet med detta examensarbete är att leverera en design på ett förskepp som kan kombinera drift i isförhållanden med bra egenskaper för öppet vatten, detta skall uppnås genom användning av SSY’s speciella design tillsammans med det super duplexa rostfria stålet.Detta examensarbete presenterar grundläggande kunskaper om drift i isförhål-landen, isteori, SSY’s designkoncept mer i detalj och till sist ett designförlopp av fören.Resultaten från examensarbetet är presenterade genom redovisning av föredragen yttergeometri samt väntade lastfall från driftsområdet.
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Henley, Edmund Martin. "Scales and variability of Earth's bow shock." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529366.
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Demchuk, Andrea Madelaine Katherine. "The Stikine : Tahltans, environmentalists, and B.C. Hydro." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25379.
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The Stikine and Iskut Rivers in northwest British Columbia form one of the last pristine wilderness river systems in North America. B.C. Hydro and Power Authority has, as part of its longterm development strategy, plans to dam the rivers some time early in the next century. These plans are opposed by the Tahltan Indians for whom the Stikine-Iskut Basin is an ancestral home and by numerous environmental organizations. This thesis analyzes the interaction of these opposition groups in light of the general literature on the Indian land claims and environmental movements. This is accomplished in four chapters.
The first chapter analyses Indian response to internal colonialism through both the maintenance of the native economy and the land claims movement and examines the history of the North American environmental movement in terms of reformist and deep environmentalism. The two movements are found to differ substantially over issues such as land use control and resource development.
The second chapter traces Tahltan and environmentalist attachments to the Stikine, outlines B.C. Hydro's plans and describes how B.C. Hydro's planning activities would themselves generate controversy.
The third chapter discusses and compares Tahltan and environmentalist opposition to B.C. Hydro's plans. The Tahltan opposition is expressed in two forms, both through the persistence of the Tahltan economy, the adherents to which are not represented in a fully funded formal organization and the more predominant Association of United Tahltans. The environmentalist opposition is falls mainly in the reformist stream of environmentalism. The predominant form of Tahltan opposition and the environmentalists are shown to have markedly different objectives.
The thesis concludes that the case of the Stikine indicates that there are many obstacles to alliances between the formally defined land claims movement and environmentalists. The most prominent of these obstacles is federal comprehensive claims policy which encourages resource-extractive development by providing for resource royalties in claim settlements. However, the findings from the Stikine also indicate there are numerous points of common interest between Indians committed to the native economy and environmentalists.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Herbert, Christopher Douglas. "Unequal participants: race and space in the interracial interactions of the Cariboo gold fields, 1860-1871 /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2048.
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Nordås, Daniel Edward. "Optimization of Bow Shape for Large, Slow Ships." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18564.
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Traditionally ships have been optimized for minimizing the fuel consumption in calm water. For slow, large ships like tankers and bulk carriers this has resulted in very blunt bows with high added resistance due to waves. The objective of this thesis has been to investigate if the optimal bow shape, when realistic wave conditions are taken into account, should be more slender than the current blunt bows. The added resistance is also highly dependent on the actual wave conditions the vessel experiences. Thus a question has been if the optimal bow changes with the operational area, or route, of the vessel.Five designs have been investigated representing a range of waterlines from blunt to sharp. They are based on the MOERI Tanker KVLCC2. KVLCC2A is the original design of the MOERI Tanker with no flare. KVLCC2B has the same water line curve as KVLCC2A, but with straight sides and small bilge radius in the bow. KVLCC2C has a more slender bow by moving volume from the shoulders to above the bulb. KVLCC2D is a blunter design than KVLCC2A and KVLCC2E has been elongated by 8 m compared to KVLCC2C to get a more slender bow.Four routes have been chosen to represent trades and ocean areas. The routes are; Arabian Gulf (AG) to the Gulf of Mexico (GM), AG to Japan, Brazil to China and Norway to the East Coast of US.Calm water resistance has been calculated and verified against experimental data. The wave resistance was calculated numerically using Shipflow. These calculations were not satisfying and should be taken a closer look at. Modification of the results had to be done. The results show that KVLCC2A, KVLCC2C and KVLCC2E have very similar calm water resistance. They have slightly lower values than KVLCC2D. KVLCC2B has the greatest calm water resistance. The added resistance was calculated by ShipX. The sharper bow designs have significantly lower resistance in the diffraction regime, as intended. KVLCC2E has slightly a slightly lower added resistance coefficient in the short wave regime than KVLCC2C.The speed-loss calculations were performed by combining wave statistics for the routes, calm water resistance, added resistance and engine and propulsion characteristics in ShipX. The result is an attainable speed at a given power input, 27 000 kW.The results show that KVLCC2C and KVLCC2E have the lowest speed-loss. The attainable speed is highest for KVLCC2C and it can thus be concluded that a sharper design is more optimal when realistic wave conditions are taken into account. The relative speed loss on different routes between KVLCC2C and KVLCC2A shows that the speed loss of KVLCC2C is 14.2% lower for the AG to GM, 13.8%, 16.2 % and14.9 % for respectively AG to Chiba, Mongstad to East coast of US and Brazil to China. Thus, a small difference can be seen, but not enough to change the best design in this case. A review of innovative bow shapes dealing with added resistance was performed and an evaluation based on working principles and applicability to a large, slow vessel was discussed. The designs reviewed were X-bow (Ulstein Design), a new bow from STX OSV and Beak-bow, Ax-bow and LEADGE-bow designed in Japan especially for larger ships. The two first bows are designed primarily with offshore service vessels in mind and focus more on the long waves. The LEADGE-bow, which is based more or less on the same principles as KVLCC2C, shows that a simple sharpening of the bow is an easy and effective measure. This seems like the most promising bow for large, slow ships of those evaluated.
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Gumpold, Jutta. "Nationale bzw. gesamtwirtschaftliche Effekte von Beihilfen. Insbesondere Exportbeihilfen." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1995. http://epub.wu.ac.at/412/1/document.pdf.
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Es wurde versucht, unter Einbeziehung der zahlreichen, divergierenden Effekte von Beihilfen zu zeigen, daß diese in einem System der vollständigen Konkurrenz den effizienten Ablauf der Wirtschaft stören. Beihilfen stellen ein Mittel der Wirtschaftspolitik dar, das die Mechanismen der freien Marktwirtschaft hemmt und grundsätzlich zu Wettbewerbsverzerrungen führt. Subventionsmaßnahmen sind geeignet die optimale Allokation der Produktionsfaktoren zu verhindern und Wirtschaftswachstum und Beschäftigung zu senken ... Da es keine allgemeingültige Regel zur Bestimmung eines optimalen Beihilfenniveaus gibt und die wettbewerbsverzerrenden Wirkungen von Subventionen die möglichen positiven Effekte weitaus übertreffen, wird hier die Meinung vertreten, daß eine äußerst restriktive Beihilfenpolitik, die nur in ganz besonderen Fällen Ausnahmen zuläßt, die relativ beste Lösung für eine Volkswirtschaft darstellt. (Textauszug)Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut