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Journal articles on the topic 'Baars'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Sadeghi, Mostafa, Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani, and Shahrokh Amiri. "Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of Barkley Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Screening Tool among the Elderly." Scientifica 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9109783.

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Background. The Barkley Adult Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV) was developed, and it demonstrated good psychometric properties. The BAARS-IV includes 27 questions on the symptoms of adult ADHD. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the psychometric testing of the Persian version of BAARS-IV among the elderlies in Tabriz City. Method. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tabriz City—in the west of Iran—in 2015 via enrolling of 121 old-aged people. We did the process of translation and adaptation of BAARS-IV and examined its concurrent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Result. The BAARS-IV demonstrated good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Correlations between the BAARS-IV and the CAARS-S: SV were high and evidence supporting concurrent validity was revealed. Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale and subscales stood at 0.89, 0.81, 0.66, 0.56, and 0.82, respectively. Conclusion. The Persian BAARS-IV showed acceptable reliability and validity. BAARS-IV was determined to be composed of internally consistent and psychometrically sound items.

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D’Angiulli, Amedeo. "Vividness, Consciousness and Mental Imagery: A Start on Connecting the Dots." Brain Sciences 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10080500.

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3

ODA, Mikio, Masao ARITOMI, and Masayuki TOYA. "Dynamic Behavior of Laminated Baars Subjected to Impulsive Load." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2004.1 (2004): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.1.0_213.

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4

Brady, E. Michael. "Aging and the Art of Living by Jan Baars." Educational Gerontology 40, no. 7 (November 12, 2013): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2013.844023.

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Young, S., R. A. González, L. Mutch, I. Mallet-Lambert, L. O'Rourke, N. Hickey, P. Asherson, and G. H. Gudjonsson. "Diagnostic accuracy of a brief screening tool for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in UK prison inmates." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 7 (February 12, 2016): 1449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716000039.

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BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overrepresented in prison, making it imperative to identify a screening tool that can be quickly applied to efficiently detect the disorder. We explored the discrimination ability of a widely used ADHD screen, the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale (BAARS-IV), against a clinical diagnostic interview. A brief version of the screen was then developed in order to simplify its use in the prison context, and maximize its diagnostic properties.MethodA cross-sectional study of 390 male prison inmates was performed in the UK, all participants were screened and interviewed via the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults 2.0 (DIVA-2).ResultsA total of 47 (12.1%) inmates screened positive for ADHD using the full BAARS-IV, and 96 (24.6%) were clinically diagnosed, for a sensitivity of 37.9 and a specificity of 96.3. Our models identified the six items that most predicted ADHD diagnosis, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 2.66 to 4.58. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 0.82, 0.84 and 0.84, respectively, for the developed brief scale, and 0.71, 0.85 and 0.81 for its validation. Weighted probability scores produced an area under the curve of 0.89 for development, and 0.82 for validation of the brief scale.ConclusionsThe original BAARS-IV performed poorly at identifying prison inmates with ADHD. Our developed brief scale substantially improved diagnostic accuracy. The brief screening instrument has great potential to be used as an accurate and resource-effective tool to screen young people and adults for likely ADHD in the criminal justice system.

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Grogan, Katie, and Jessica Bramham. "Current Mood Symptoms Do Not Affect the Accuracy of Retrospective Self-Ratings of Childhood ADHD Symptoms." Journal of Attention Disorders 20, no. 12 (July 28, 2016): 1039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054714528536.

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Objective: Given that the diagnosis of adulthood ADHD depends on the retrospective self-report of childhood ADHD symptoms, this study aimed to establish whether current mood affects the accuracy of retrospective self-ratings of childhood ADHD. Method: Barkley’s Adult ADHD Rating Scale (BAARS) was used to assess the retrospective self- and parent-reports of childhood ADHD symptoms of 160 adults with ADHD and 92 adults without ADHD. Self-rated current mood was also measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Higher BAARS self-ratings correlated with higher HADS self-ratings. Strongest correlations were evident between hyperactive/impulsive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. There was no relationship between current mood and accuracy of self-report. Conclusion: Current mood does not affect the accuracy of retrospective self-ratings of ADHD. Future research should aim to provide new measures of anxiety in ADHD to avoid the double counting of hyperactive/impulsive and anxiety symptoms.

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7

Schwarz, Benyamin, and Ruth Brent. "Eero Saarinen's Firestone Baars Chapel: Poetics of a Sacred Place." Journal of Interior Design 23, no. 1 (May 1997): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1668.1997.tb00240.x.

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8

Miller, Lantz Fleming. "Review of Jan Baars,Aging and the Art of Living." American Journal of Bioethics 14, no. 4 (April 3, 2014): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2014.889927.

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9

Di Rocco, C. "B.J. Baars and N.M. Gage (eds): Cognition, brain and consciousness." Child's Nervous System 26, no. 9 (June 29, 2010): 1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00381-010-1178-y.

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10

Choi, Jung Ah. "Development and Validation of a Brief Academic Affective Reaction Scale (BAARS)." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 20, no. 10 (May 30, 2020): 483–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2020.20.10.483.

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11

Signa, Alessandro, Antonio Chella, and Manuel Gentile. "Cognitive Robots and the Conscious Mind: A Review of the Global Workspace Theory." Current Robotics Reports 2, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43154-021-00044-7.

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Abstract Purpose of Review The theory of consciousness is a subject that has kept scholars and researchers challenged for centuries. Even today it is not possible to define what consciousness is. This has led to the theorization of different models of consciousness. Starting from Baars’ Global Workspace Theory, this paper examines the models of cognitive architectures that are inspired by it and that can represent a reference point in the field of robot consciousness. Recent Findings Global Workspace Theory has recently been ranked as the most promising theory in its field. However, this is not reflected in the mathematical models of cognitive architectures inspired by it: they are few, and most of them are a decade old, which is too long compared to the speed at which artificial intelligence techniques are improving. Indeed, recent publications propose simple mathematical models that are well designed for computer implementation. Summary In this paper, we introduce an overview of consciousness and robot consciousness, with some interesting insights from the literature. Then we focus on Baars’ Global Workspace Theory, presenting it briefly. Finally, we report on the most interesting and promising models of cognitive architectures that implement it, describing their peculiarities.

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12

Baars, Bernard J. "A biocognitive approach to the conscious core of immediate memory." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, no. 1 (February 2001): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x01233925.

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The limited capacity of immediate memory “rides” on the even more limited capacity of consciousness, which reflects the dynamic activity of the thalamocortical core of the brain. Recent views of the conscious narrow-capacity component of the brain are explored with reference to global workspace theory (Baars 1988; 1993; 1998). The radical limits of immediate memory must be explained in terms of biocognitive brain architecture.

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Blank, Thomas O. "AGING AND TIME: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES By Jan Baars and Henk Visser (Eds.)." Educational Gerontology 34, no. 4 (March 17, 2008): 355–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601270801924735.

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Beer, Colin. "In the Theater of Consciousness: The Workspace of the Mind.Bernard J. Baars." Quarterly Review of Biology 73, no. 1 (March 1998): 106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/420142.

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15

Giles, Howard. "Aging and time: Multidisciplinary perspectives - Edited by Jan Baars & Henk Visser." Journal of Communication 58, no. 2 (June 2008): 396–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00391_1.x.

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16

Reber, Arthur S. "Evolution, consciousness, and all that: A reply to Baars and to Parker." Consciousness and Cognition 1, no. 2 (June 1992): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1053-8100(92)90054-e.

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Guse, Ilonka. "Bookshelf: Ageing and time: Multidisciplinary perspectives - Edited by J. Baars & H. Visser." Australasian Journal on Ageing 27, no. 2 (April 17, 2008): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.2008.00295.x.

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Sheets, Debra. "Jan Baars. Aging and the Art of Living. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 2012." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 32, no. 4 (October 25, 2013): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980813000548.

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Broadhurst, Scott, and Kathryn Swindell. "Screening for ADHD in male medium secure psychiatric services." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.89.

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AimsRoughly 25% of the prison population are known to meet the criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a five-fold increase on the general population. Medium secure psychiatric services receive a high percentage of referrals from the prison service. ADHD has primary symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Untreated ADHD could clearly have a detrimental impact on the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, as well as increasing incidents of violence, aggression and other transgressive behaviours.There are two aims: To screen the medium secure services population at the Spinney Hospital, Atherton, UK for ADHD, using a validated screening tool. This would generate candidates for further structured clinical assessment for ADHD; To implement ADHD screening as a feature of the Admission Care Plan within medium secure services at the Spinney.MethodThe study population is the medium secure service at The Spinney Hospital, Atherton. At the time of study this was 52 male service users.The team members have evaluated several screening tools. The tool eventually chosen was the B-BAARS, which is a simple 6-question tool that is validated for use in adults. The tool takes around 1 minute to complete. All 52 service users were screened between 20/01/2021 and 30/01/2021.Result1 of the 52 service users had a current diagnosis of ADHD and was being treated with medication. 3 of the 52 service users had childhood diagnoses of ADHD that had lapsed in adulthood and who were untreated. Of the remaining 51 service users without a current diagnosis of ADHD, 9 were positive on screening as worthy of further assessment (17.65%). Assessments of the 9 service users positive in screening will be completed by medical and psychology disciplines.ConclusionThere appears to be clear merit for routine screening for ADHD within medium secure psychiatric services, given the service user population and the results described above. As a result of this survey, within The Spinney Hospital the B-BAARS will be incorporated into the Admission Care Plan of all new admissions to medium secure services as a Quality Improvement Intervention. Over time this will be re-audited and there will be assessment of any impact on incidents and positive engagement with activities.

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Boltuc, Piotr. "The Engineering Thesis in Machine Consciousness." Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 16, no. 2 (2012): 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne201216214.

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I argue here that consciousness can be engineered. The claim that functional consciousness can be engineered has been persuasively put forth in regards to first-person functional consciousness; robots, for instance, can recognize colors, though there is still much debate about details of this sort of consciousness. Such consciousness has now become one of the meanings of the term phenomenal consciousness (e.g., as used by Franklin and Baars). Yet, we extend the argument beyond the tradition of behaviorist or functional reductive views on consciousness that still predominate within cognitive science. If Nagel-Chalmers-Block-style non-reductive naturalism about first-person consciousness (h-consciousness) holds true, then, eventually we should be able to understand how such consciousness operates and how it gets produced (this is not the same as bridging the explanatory gap or solving Chalmers’s hard problem of consciousness). If so, the consciousness it involves can in principle be engineered.

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Singer, Jerome L., and Dorothy G. Singer. "Preschoolers' Imaginative Play as Precursor of Narrative Consciousness." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 25, no. 2 (October 2005): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/0kqu-9a2v-yam2-xd8j.

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Can the early childhood play of preschoolers foreshadow the form and complexity of adult ongoing consciousness? The beginnings of make-believe play in children from about two years of age are reviewed starting with transitional objects, play with soft toys, or imaginary playmates. The roles of pretending and story-telling play are next examined and their contribution not only to sheer enjoyment but to an array of cognitive, social, and emotional skills are considered. We discuss the contribution of adults as nurturers and enhancers of such play. We turn finally to the aspects of adult consciousness: wakeful perception; identification, labeling, and encoding; guided imagery, mental trial actions, and playfulness. The features of childhood play may be seen to foreshadow an array of functions of ongoing conscious thought, especially its narrative components and, following Baars' theory, its role as a “theater” for prioritizing, decision-making, contextualizing, and creativity.

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Shelton, Christopher R., William E. Addison, and Cynthia M. Hartung. "ADHD and SCT Symptomatology in Relation to College Students’ Use of Self-Regulated Learning Strategies." Journal of Attention Disorders 23, no. 14 (February 5, 2017): 1719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054717691134.

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Objective: The present study examined the relation between self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and ADHD and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptomatology. Method: Participants were 303 college students, aged 18 to 25 ( M = 20.04, SD = 1.45), from a Midwestern university who completed the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV), and a shortened, generalized version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Results: Among college students, inattention symptomatology was consistently predictive of deficits in use of value, expectancy, and self-regulation strategies, while SCT symptomatology was only predictive of deficits in the use of self-regulation strategies. Conclusion: This study is the first to examine the relation between SCT symptomatology and SRL strategy use in college students. The findings revealed that SRL strategy use differs between college students exhibiting ADHD or SCT symptomatology. Remediation focusing on these deficits would likely increase academic achievement. Clinical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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Morgan, David L., and William Buskist. "Conversations with the Keepers of the Internal Order: A Review of B. J. Baars’ The Cognitive Revolution in Psychology." Behavior Analyst 13, no. 2 (October 1990): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03392539.

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Stark, Antony A. "Book Review: "Radio Telescope Reflectors: Historical Development of Design and Construction by Jacob W. M. Baars and Hans J. Kärcher"." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 08, no. 04 (July 22, 2019): 1980002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171719800023.

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Baars, Bernard J., and Katharine A. McGovern. "Consciousness Cannot Be Limited to Sensory Qualities: Some Empirical Counterexamples: Commentary by Bernard J. Baars and Katharine A. McGovern (Berkeley, CA)." Neuropsychoanalysis 2, no. 1 (January 2000): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2000.10773274.

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Buerman, Margaret. "The Algebra of the Arches." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 12, no. 7 (March 2007): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.12.7.0360.

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Several years ago, i read an item in Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School from an author who used information from her summer vacation to design lessons for a middle school mathematics class (fisher 1999). on one summer vacation while hiking through arches national park in moab, utah, i thought that surely there was mathematics in the science and geology of the sandstone rock formations around me. The park office and souvenir store sold books containing information that would help me discover some of the mathematics of the arches (Baars 1993; Johnson 1985).While reading these books and having taught middle school mathematics for many years, it occurred to me that lessons could be written about large numbers. The sandstone cliffs, from which the arches were formed, date back 140 million years; in addition, they are on the colorado plateau, which dates back 200 million years. The erosion that formed currentday arches began 2 million years ago. a lesson on geometry and measurement could also be written, since the area was part of the paradox Basin, a 10,000 squaremile depression. however, could some relevant algebra be found in the data about the history and geology of arches national park?

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Blum, Manuel, and Lenore Blum. "A Theoretical Computer Science Perspective on Consciousness." Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness 08, no. 01 (March 2021): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2705078521500028.

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The quest to understand consciousness, once the purview of philosophers and theologians, is now actively pursued by scientists of many stripes. This paper studies consciousness from the perspective of theoretical computer science. It formalizes the Global Workspace Theory (GWT) originated by the cognitive neuroscientist Bernard Baars and further developed by him, Stanislas Dehaene, and others. Our major contribution lies in the precise formal definition of a Conscious Turing Machine (CTM), also called a Conscious AI. We define the CTM in the spirit of Alan Turing’s simple yet powerful definition of a computer, the Turing Machine (TM). We are not looking for a complex model of the brain nor of cognition but for a simple model of (the admittedly complex concept of) consciousness. After formally defining CTM, we give a formal definition of consciousness in CTM. We later suggest why the CTM has the feeling of consciousness. The reasonableness of the definitions and explanations can be judged by how well they agree with commonly accepted intuitive concepts of human consciousness, the range of related concepts that the model explains easily and naturally, and the extent of its agreement with scientific evidence.

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Hartsuiker, Robert J., Martin Corley, and Heike Martensen. "The lexical bias effect is modulated by context, but the standard monitoring account doesn’t fly: Related beply to Baars et al. (1975)." Journal of Memory and Language 52, no. 1 (January 2005): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.07.006.

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Schulte, Erhard. "Fehlersuche in der Gaschromatographie. VonB. Baars undH. Schaller. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, 1994. 221 S., Broschur 68.00 DM. —ISBN 3-527-28697-7." Angewandte Chemie 108, no. 1 (January 5, 1996): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19961080132.

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Sousa, Carlos Eduardo B. de. "Modelos Neurais de Consciência: uma Análise Neurofilosófica." Trans/Form/Ação 38, no. 2 (August 2015): 95–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-31732015000200006.

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<p>Modelos neurocognitivos têm sido propostos para investigar a consciência. O objetivo é responder à pergunta sobre como o cérebro é capaz de produzir estados conscientes qualitativos. Os modelos são representações teóricas baseadas em algumas pesquisas empíricas. Contudo, a questão central, aparentemente trivial para alguns autores, refere-se à representatividade e confiabilidade dos modelos, i.e., saber se são capazes de explicar como a consciência emerge de processos neurais. Esses modelos são considerados como guia no estudo científico da consciência: os modelos cognitivos de Dennett (<italic>Multiple Draft</italic>) e Baars (<italic>Global Workspace</italic>), os modelos neurobiológicos de Edelman (<italic>Dynamic Core</italic>), Dehaene et al. (<italic>Global Neuronal</italic>), de Damásio (<italic>Somatic Markers Hypothesis</italic>), e o modelo neurodinâmico (<italic>Neurodynamic Model</italic>) proposto por Freeman. O presente texto visa a analisar a coerência e a plausibilidade dos modelos, i.e., se realmente explicam a “consciência” e suas propriedades em termos neurais ou se explicam apenas mecanismos neurobiológicos subjacentes no cérebro. O objetivo é avaliar escopo e limites dos modelos além da aplicabilidade na resolução do problema da consciência.</p>

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Nitta, Morgan E., Brooke E. Magnus, Paul S. Marshall, and James B. Hoelzle. "Item Response Theory Analyses of Barkley’s Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scales." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 7 (August 24, 2020): 1094–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa041.

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Abstract There are many challenges associated with assessment and diagnosis of ADHD in adulthood. Utilizing the graded response model (GRM) from item response theory (IRT), a comprehensive item-level analysis of adult ADHD rating scales in a clinical population was conducted with Barkley's Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV, Self-Report of Current Symptoms (CSS), a self-report diagnostic checklist and a similar self-report measure quantifying retrospective report of childhood symptoms, Barkley's Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV, Self-Report of Childhood Symptoms (BAARS-C). Differences in item functioning were also considered after identifying and excluding individuals with suspect effort. Items associated with symptoms of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (H/I) are endorsed differently across the lifespan, and these data suggest that they vary in their relationship to the theoretical constructs of IA and H/I. Screening for sufficient effort did not meaningfully change item level functioning. The application IRT to direct item-to-symptom measures allows for a unique psychometric assessment of how the current DSM-5 symptoms represent latent traits of IA and H/I. Meeting a symptom threshold of five or more symptoms may be misleading. Closer attention given to specific symptoms in the context of the clinical interview and reported difficulties across domains may lead to more informed diagnosis.

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STANTON, NEVILLE. "A Review of: “A Cognitive Theory of Conciousness”, B. J. BAARS, Cambridge University Press (1993), pp. xxiii + 424, $19.95, ISBN 0-521-42743-6." Ergonomics 39, no. 6 (June 1996): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140139608964512.

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Pehlivanidis, Artemios, Katerina Papanikolaou, Kalliopi Korobili, Eva Kalantzi, Vasileios Mantas, Dimitra Pappa, and Charalambos Papageorgiou. "Trait-Based Dimensions Discriminating Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and, Co-occurring ADHD/ASD." Brain Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010018.

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This study assessed the co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in newly diagnosed adults of normal intelligence and the contribution of trait-based dimensions deriving from the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV), the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), and the Empathy Quotient (EQ) to the differentiation of patients with ADHD, ASD, and ADHD/ASD. A total of 16.1% of patients with ADHD received a co-occurring ASD diagnosis, while 33.3% of patients with ASD received an ADHD diagnosis. Subjects with ADHD or ADHD/ASD had higher scores in all ADHD traits compared to ASD subjects. Compared to the ADHD group, the ASD group had AQ scores that were significantly greater, except for attention to detail. ADHD/ASD co-occurrence significantly increased the score of attention to detail. The total EQ score was greater in the ADHD group. In the stepwise logistic regression analyses, past hyperactivity, current inattention and impulsivity, attention switching, communication, imagination, and total EQ score discriminated ADHD patients from ASD patients. Attention to detail, imagination, and total EQ score discriminated ADHD cases from ADHD/ASD cases, while past hyperactivity and current impulsivity discriminated ASD subjects from ADHD/ASD subjects. Our findings highlight the importance of particular trait-based dimensions when discriminating adults with ADHD, ASD, and co-occurring ADHD/ASD.

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Braedley, Susan. "Jan Baars, Joseph Dohmen, Amanda Grenier, and Chris Phillipson (Eds.). Ageing, Meaning and Social Structure: Connecting Critical and Humanistic Gerontology. Bristol, UK: Policy Press, 2014." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 34, no. 3 (June 15, 2015): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980815000252.

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Maurer, Jac. "Jan Baars & Erwin van Meekeren (red.) (2013). Een psychische stoornis heb je niet alleen. Praten met families en naastbetrokkenen. Amsterdam: Boom. 575 p., € 49,90." Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie 41, no. 2 (March 2015): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12485-015-0019-6.

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Hassim, H. A., M. Lourenço, Y. M. Goh, J. J. P. Baars, and V. Fievez. "Rumen degradation of oil palm fronds is improved through pre-digestion with white rot fungi but not through supplementation with yeast or enzymes." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 92, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2011-097.

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Hassim, H. A., Lourenço, M., Goh, Y. M., Baars, J. J. P. and Fievez, V. 2012. Rumen degradation of oil palm fronds is improved through pre-digestion with white rot fungi but not through supplementation with yeast or enzymes. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 79–87. Rumen fermentation kinetics of oil palm fronds (OPF) supplemented or not with enzymes (Hemicell® or Allzyme SSF®) or yeasts (Levucell®SC or Yea-Sacc®) were studied through an in vitro gas production test (96 h) (exp. 1). In exp. 2, enzymes were supplemented to OPF pre-treated during 3 or 9 wk with either one of five white rot fungi strains. Yeasts and enzymes were tested both in active and inactive forms, which revealed the most appropriate set-up to distinguish between the rate of supplements as direct contributors to the fermentation substrate vs. stimulators of the fermentation of the basal substrate. In exp 1, addition of active and inactive Yea-Sacc® increased the apparently rumen degradable carbohydrates (ARDC) by 11%, whereas enzymes did not affect rumen degradability of non-inoculated OPF. Neither yeast nor enzymes influenced the rate of gas production of non-inoculated OPF, except for active Hemicell® at the low dose. In exp. 2, inoculation of OPF with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora for 3 wk and Lentinula edodes for 9 wk increased ARDC, but additional enzyme supplementation did not further improve ARDC or the rate of gas production.

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EDMONDSON, RICCA. "Jan Baars, Aging and the Art of Living, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 2012, 304 pp., hbk US$60.00, ISBN 13: 978 1421 40646 6." Ageing and Society 34, no. 3 (January 27, 2014): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x13000986.

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Neugebauer, Michael. "Für die Praxis Fehlersuche in der Gaschromatographie. Von Bernardus Baars und Hansgeorg Schaller. VCH Weinheim 1994. 216 S., kartoniert, DM 68,-, ISBN 3–527–28697–7." Pharmazie in Unserer Zeit 24, no. 5 (1995): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pauz.19950240513.

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FRY, CHRISTINE L. "Jan Baars and Henk Visser (eds), Aging and Time: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, Baywood, Amityville, New York, 2007, 216 pp., hbk $47.95, ISBN 13: 978 0 89503 367 3." Ageing and Society 28, no. 4 (May 2008): 600–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x08007162.

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SIMPSON, GRAEME. "J. Baars, D. Dannefer, C. Phillipson and A. Walker (eds) (2006), Ageing, Globalisation and Inequality: The New Critical Gerontology. New York: Baywood Publishing. $60.00, pp. 291, pbk." Journal of Social Policy 37, no. 2 (April 2008): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279407001870.

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Kersting, H. J. "Bernardus Baars, Hansgeorg Schaller: Fehlersuche in der Gaschromatographie, Diagnose aus dem Chromatogramm. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, D-69451 Weinheim, 1994. ISBN 3-527-28697-7.321 S., DM 68,-." Starch - Stärke 47, no. 5 (1995): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/star.19950470512.

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Provolovich, T. O. "Theory of global neuronal workspace by S. Dehaene." Philosophy of Science and Technology 25, no. 2 (2020): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2413-9084-2021-25-2-90-102.

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The article deals with a methodological analysis of S. Dehaene’s theory of the global neural workspace. The French neuroscientist criticizes philosophical theories of consciousness because they do not use experimentally confirmed data. Also, he rejects such concepts of consciousness as wakefulness and attention, since they primarily describe the work of the unconscious, and not consciousness. Therefore, he suggests a way to study consciousness that would be solely based on empirical methods and provide univocal neural correlates that could be used to track the transition of a stimulus received in the brain from the unconscious to the conscious area. S. Dehaene’s research team offers four such correlates, or “signature” of consciousness, the last of which demonstrates the transition of activity from different, specialized parts of the brain to the entire neural network. Also, he believes that due to the development of neuroscientific methods of consciousness research and technologies for reading and decrypting neuroactivity in the near future, it will be possible to “read minds”, which means the reproduction of both individual conscious states and consciousness as a whole on artificial systems. This theory is not a fundamentally new way of studying consciousness, since it develops the ideas put forward by B. Baars at the end of the XX century. Based on the theory of the global neural workspace, the article attempts to identify the main misconceptions of neurobiological theories of consciousness, outlining the direction of research programs of consciousness and the brain as interrelated parts, and determining their prospects in solving the problem of consciousness.

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Ley-Koo, Eugenio, T. Araceli Góngora, and Humberto Torres-Bustamante. "Comment on “Exact expression for the magnetic field of a finite cylinder with arbitrary uniform magnetization” A. Caciagli, R.J. Baars, A.P. Philipse, B.W.M. Kuipers, JMMM 456 (2018) 423–432." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 508 (August 2020): 166753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166753.

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Daukšys, Mindaugas, Mindaugas Daukšys, and Jūratė Mockienė. "Research on Installation Technologies of Retaining Walls with Ground Anchors." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 26, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.26.1.21540.

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With increasing level of urbanization, new buildings are erected in close proximity of existing buildings or quite close to site boundaries. Such practice affects the complexity of retaining wall installation technology. When a retaining wall is installed close to an existing building, a street or a steep slope, the stability of the wall has to be ensured first. There are cases when a retaining wall has to be strengthened by creating a permanent or temporary support, i.e. by installing ground anchors. According to literature analysis, the major problem is that a profile stops without reaching its designed depth (Van Baars). Merifield et al. distinguish three major types of anchors: circular, square and rectangular. They emphasise that anchor surface unevenness does not impact anchor resistance. According to El Nagar, most frequently anchors disintegrate due to excessive tensile strength of the anchor. The increase of this force is related to tensile strength measured in anchor testing. In this paper, three types of retaining walls with ground anchors are considered: pile wall, Berlin Wall, and sheet piling with excavation depth of 6 m. The conditions are selected as follows: when walls are installed in clay soils, sandy soils, sandy soils at high groundwater levels, and when the wall is installed next to the building. Mechanical resistance and stability of construction incline are calculated by means of GEO5 software. A survey was designed basing on the calculation results and the selected evaluation criteria. In the survey geotechnical engineers rated 18 different cases. The relevance of criteria is determined by employing the entropy method after the primary results of the survey are summarised; afterwards a multiple criteria decision analysis carried out using the utility function. The multi-criteria assessment results indicate the most rational type of a retaining wall for the chosen conditions.

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Sampson, Christopher James, David George Thomas Whitehurst, and Andrew Street. "Do patients registered with CAM-trained GPs really use fewer health care resources and live longer? A response to Kooreman and Baars. Eur J Health Econ (2012). 13:469–776." European Journal of Health Economics 14, no. 4 (March 15, 2013): 703–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10198-013-0466-3.

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Kruse, H. P. "B. Baars und H. Schaller: Fehlersuche in der Gaschromatographie. Diagnose aus dem Gaschromatogramm. 221 Seiten, zahlr. Abbildungen und Tabellen. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, New York, Basel, Cambridge, Tokyo 1994. Preis: 68,- DM." Food / Nahrung 39, no. 5-6 (1995): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/food.19950390531.

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WILSON, GAIL. "Jan Baars, Dale Dannefer, Chris Phillipson and Alan Walker (eds), Aging, Globalization and Inequality: The New Critical Gerontology, Baywood, Amityville, New York, 2006, 300 pp., hbk $60, ISBN 0 89503 358 5." Ageing and Society 27, no. 2 (February 15, 2007): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x06215721.

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Molony, Sheila L. "Book Review: Baars J, Dannefer D, Phillipson C, Walker A eds. 2006: Aging, globalization and inequality: the new gerontology. Amityville, NY: Baywood Publishing. 300 pp. USD60.00 (HB). ISBN: 0 89503 358 5." Nursing Ethics 15, no. 5 (September 2008): 703–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09697330080150051302.

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Struppe, Hans Georg. "Systematische Fehlersuche bei der GC: Fehlersuche in der Gaschromatographie - Diagnose aus dem Chromatogramm. Von B. Baars und H. Schaller. VCH, Weinheim, 1994. 221 S., brosch., 68,- DM. ISBN 3-527-28697-7." Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 43, no. 9 (September 1995): 993–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19950430926.

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Bomhoff, Manja. "Jan Baars and Henk Visser (eds.) (2007). Aging and Time; Multidisciplinary Perspectives. New York: Baywood Publishing Company, Inc. Published in the Society and Aging Series, 202 pp., ISBN 978-0-89503-367-3 (cloth)." International Journal of Ageing and Later Life 2, no. 2 (April 2, 2008): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.0722113.

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