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Journal articles on the topic 'Bacillus (Bacteria) – Control – South Africa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Molokwanne, P. E., and E. M. N. Chirwa. "Biological Cr(VI) reduction in indigenous sludge cultures from Gauteng, South Africa." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 10 (2006): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.880.

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The Cr(VI) reducing capability of an acclimated indigenous culture cultivated from primary sludge was evaluated in batch and packed-bed bioreactor systems. Performance evaluation was carried out in unmodified cultures, cultures modified by substituting terminal organisms in the consortium by a known Cr(VI)-reducing organism (Escherichia coli ATCC 33456), and pure cultures of Cr(VI)-reducing organisms. A high Cr(VI) reduction rate was observed in modified cultures and in the pure culture of the Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria (Bacillus sp.). Furthermore, the Bacillus sp. pure culture outperformed both

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Barash, Danny, Johannes Sikorski, Elizabeth B. Perry, Eviatar Nevo, and Evgeny Nudler. "Adaptive Mutations In RNA-Based Regulatory Mechanisms: Computational and Experimental Investigations." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 52, no. 3-4 (2006): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee_52_3-4_263.

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Recent discoveries of RNA-based regulatory mechanisms have prompted substantial interest in how they formed and the extent to which varying environmental conditions have influenced their evolution. One class of RNA-based regulatory mechanism that has been found in bacteria is the riboswitch, regulating the biosynthesis of certain vitamins by an RNA genetic control element that senses small molecules and responds with a structural change that affects transcription termination or translation initiation without the participation of proteins. By taking the thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP)-riboswitch in

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3

Shantaram, Manjula. "Bioterrorism." Biomedicine 41, no. 2 (2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v41i2.776.

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Terrorism that involves the deliberate release or distribution of biological agents is called bioterrorism. These pathogens are bacteria, viruses, fungi, other microorganisms and their related toxins, insects, and they can be natural or human-modified forms, which are roughly the same way as in biological warfare that can sicken or kill people, livestock, or crops. These high-priority means include organisms or toxins that pose the greatest risk to the public and national security: Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin) Plague (Yersinia pestis). They have the

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Ugbenyen, Anthony M., John J. Simonis, and Albertus K. Basson. "Screening for Bioflocculant-Producing Bacteria from the Marine Environment of Sodwana Bay, South Africa." Annals of Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (2018): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ast-2018-0010.

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AbstractFlocculants are chemicals that mediate flocculation process, by aggregating colloids from suspension to form floc. Chemical flocculants are hazardous to the environment, which inform the search for safer and eco-friendly alternatives from microorganisms. Bacterial strains were isolated from water and sediment samples collected from Sodwana Bay, South Africa, and physiological properties of the bacterial strains were observed. Flocculation test using kaolin clay suspension was done on all isolates and the ones that showed flocculating activity were identified molecularly using 16 rRNA g

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Morakinyo, Oyewale, Matlou Mokgobu, Murembiwa Mukhola, and Tshifhiwa Godobedzha. "Biological Composition of Respirable Particulate Matter in an Industrial Vicinity in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 4 (2019): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040629.

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There is a growing concern that exposure to particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) with biological composition (bioaerosols) may play a key role in the prevalence of adverse health outcomes in humans. This study determined the bacterial and fungal concentrations in PM2.5 and their inhalation health risks in an industrial vicinity in South Africa. Samples of PM2.5 collected on a 47-mm glass fiber filter during winter and summer months were analysed for bacterial and fungal content using standard methods. The health risks from inhalation of bioaerosols were done b

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Govender, Veloshinie, Lise Korsten, and Dharini Sivakumar. "Semi-commercial evaluation of Bacillus licheniformis to control mango postharvest diseases in South Africa." Postharvest Biology and Technology 38, no. 1 (2005): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2005.04.005.

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Babalola, Olubukola Oluranti, Bartholomew Saanu Adeleke, and Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro. "Whole Genome Sequencing of Sunflower Root-Associated Bacillus cereus." Evolutionary Bioinformatics 17 (January 2021): 117693432110389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11769343211038948.

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In recent times, diverse agriculturally important endophytic bacteria colonizing plant endosphere have been identified. Harnessing the potential of Bacillus species from sunflower could reveal their biotechnological and agricultural importance. Here, we present genomic insights into B. cereus T4S isolated from sunflower sourced from Lichtenburg, South Africa. Genome analysis revealed a sequence read count of 7 255 762, a genome size of 5 945 881 bp, and G + C content of 34.8%. The genome contains various protein-coding genes involved in various metabolic pathways. The detection of genes involv

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Carstens, Alewyn, Catheleen Bartie, Rainier Dennis, and Carlos Bezuidenhout. "Antibiotic-resistant heterotrophic plate count bacteria and amoeba-resistant bacteria in aquifers of the Mooi River, North West province, South Africa." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 4 (2014): 835–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.226.

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Groundwater in the Mooi River catchment is prone to mining, agricultural, municipal and septic tank pollution. In this study physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were determined using appropriate methods. Bacterial isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing (heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria and amoeba-resistant bacteria (ARB)) and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (Escherichia coli). Antibiotic resistance tests were also performed. Physico-chemical parameters were generally within target water quality ranges for drinking water. HPC bacteria ranged between 105 and 107

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Mardiah, Irma. "Identification of Endophytic Bacterial Isolated from Oil Palm Plants with Anti-Fungal Acitvity against Ganoderma boninense." Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research 3, no. 2 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15416/pcpr.v3i2.20005.

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Endophytic bacteria is an excellent candidates for the biological control of pathogenic fungi in plantations. The objectives of this study were to isolate and examine anti-fungal activity of endophytic bacteria from oil palm plantations in South Kalimantan against Ganoderma boninense. This research was performed in three phases, i.e., isolation, selection, and assessment of endophytic bacteria isolates against Ganoderma boninense. A total of 126 colonies of endophytic bacteria were isolated. The result of the anti-fungal activity test with dual culture method demostrated that BKA 10 isolate ha

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10

Molokwane, Pulane E., and Evans M. Nkhalambayausi-Chirwa. "Microbial culture dynamics and chromium (VI) removal in packed-column microcosm reactors." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 2 (2009): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.349.

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Microbial Cr(VI) reduction in groundwater aquifer media was investigated in microcosm reactors extracted from Cr(VI) contaminated sites in South Africa. The reactors were operated under an influent Cr(VI) concentration of 40 mg/L to simulate the current Cr(VI) level at the contaminated site. Near complete Cr(VI) removal was observed in microcosm reactors inoculated with Cr(VI) reducing bacteria from dried activated sludge collected from a treatment plant receiving periodic loadings of Cr(VI). The best performance was observed under low hydraulic loading (flow rate, Q=0.310 cm3/hr). Microbial c

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Luang-In, Vijitra, Manatchanok Yotchaisarn, Worachot Saengha, Piyachat Udomwong, Sirirat Deeseenthum, and Kedsukon Maneewan. "Isolation and Identification of Amylase-producing Bacteria from Soil in Nasinuan Community Forest, Maha Sarakham, Thailand." Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal 12, no. 3 (2019): 1061–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1735.

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This study aimed to isolate and identify bacteria that can produce amylase enzyme from the unexplored Nasinuan Forest, Kantarawichai District, Mahasarakham Province, Thailand. Thirteen bacterial isolates with amylase-producing capacity on 1% starch agar were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing. Twelve bacteria were gram-positive, rod shaped and identified as Bacillus spp. and one bacterium with gram-negative and rod shaped character was Enterobacter cloacae. Their closest relatives were found in India, China, Korea, Indonesia, Argentina, Italy, Israel, USA, Argentina and South Africa. These b

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Muzhinji, N., J. W. Woodhall, M. Truter, and J. E. van der Waals. "Variation in Fungicide Sensitivity AmongRhizoctoniaIsolates Recovered from Potatoes in South Africa." Plant Disease 102, no. 8 (2018): 1520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-17-1470-re.

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Rhizoctonia is a major pathogen of potato causing substantial yield losses worldwide. Control of Rhizoctonia diseases is based predominantly on the application of fungicides. However, little is known about the fungicide response variability of different Rhizoctonia anastomosis groups associated with potato diseases in South Africa. A total of 131 Rhizoctonia isolates were obtained from potato growing regions of South Africa from 2012 to 2014 and evaluated for sensitivity to fungicides in vitro and in vivo. The fungicides comprised six chemical formulations and one bio-fungicide representing se

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13

Korsten, L., E. E. De Villiers, F. C. Wehner, and J. M. Kotzé. "Field Sprays of Bacillus subtilis and Fungicides for Control of Preharvest Fruit Diseases of Avocado in South Africa." Plant Disease 81, no. 5 (1997): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.5.455.

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In 3 consecutive years, preharvest applications of Bacillus subtilis field sprays integrated with copper oxychloride or benomyl consistently reduced severity of avocado black spot (BS), caused by Pseudocercospora purpurea at Omega, Republic of South Africa. Control was equal to that obtained with copper oxychloride or benomyl-copper oxychloride in the first and third years of spraying at Omega. In the second year, only the integrated treatment controlled BS, while copper oxychloride proved ineffective. The antagonist was applied on its own or integrated with copper oxychloride sprays at two ot

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Jonathan Okokon Ekanem and Divine Jacob Ottong. "Microbiological analysis of Udo Anwankwo river in Ikot Ekpene, South-South Nigeria." Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (2021): 005–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2021.1.2.0033.

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The microbiological study of water samples obtained from Udo Anwankwo River was investigated. Water samples were collected from three different sampling points along the course of the river and analyzed using standard procedures. The total bacterial counts, total coliform counts and total fungal counts of the water samples ranged from 2.6×105 to 4.8×105cfu/ml, 1.2×104 to 1.8×105cfu/ml and 0.24×103 to 1.9×103cfu/ml respectively. A total of nine bacteria species belonging to the following genera, Bacillus, Salmonella, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Enterobacter an

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Mashau, Mpho Edward, Lucy Lynn Maliwichi, and Afam Israel Obiefuna Jideani. "Non-Alcoholic Fermentation of Maize (Zea mays) in Sub-Saharan Africa." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (2021): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030158.

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Maize, together with its fermented products, is fundamental for human nutrition and animal feed globally. Non-alcoholic fermentation of maize using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one of the food preservation methods that has been utilised throughout the centuries and has played a vital role in the manufacturing of many fermented beverages consumed these days. However, the coincidence of LAB and yeasts during the spontaneous fermentation of maize-based products is inevitable. The involvement of other microorganisms such as moulds, Bacillus species and acetic acid bacteria in the fermentation of

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16

Higashi, Hideaki, and Hiroshi Kida. "Research Activities of Hokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia." Journal of Disaster Research 9, no. 5 (2014): 818–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2014.p0818.

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The Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control (CZC) established the Hokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia (HUCZCZ) at the School of Veterinary Medicine, the University of Zambia, in 2007 to control zoonotic diseases in the areas of South Africa, where various emerging infectious diseases have occurred. The CZC promotes epidemiological studies and basic researches of infectious diseases caused by viruses, protozoa, and bacteria by using the biosafety level 3 facility in the HUCZCZ. This article introduces research activities of the HUCZCZ in Zambia.

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17

Han, Khin SL, Lopez Gustavo, Venesh C. Rajkumar, and Khine Swe Swe-Han. "Antimicrobial stewardship approach: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria at a regional hospital in South Africa." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 13, no. 08 (2019): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.10685.

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Introduction: Antimicrobial stewardship practices are crucial for the regular surveillance to change the antimicrobial policy. This study was conducted to decide the prevalence of common bacteria and their antibiogram regarding antimicrobial stewardship program within one year, at the regional and district, Stanger hospital in South Africa. Methodology: It was based the study on clinical data and laboratory records of the patients. It reviewed the clinical and laboratory data. The prevalence/proportion rate was calculated and correlated with the majority of microorganism vs empirical the

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Ugbenyen, A. M., N. Vine, J. J. Simonis, A. K. Basson, and A. I. Okoh. "Characterization of a bioflocculant produced from the consortium of three marine bacteria of the genera Cobetia and Bacillus and its application for wastewater treatment." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 1 (2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.181.

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In this study, we purified and characterized bioflocculant from a mixed culture of three marine bacteria (Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA, and Bacillus sp. Gilbert with accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128, respectively) isolated from the sediment sample of Algoa Bay South Africa. The bioflocculant from the consortium showed high flocculation of river water, brewery wastewater, and dairy wastewater, with resultant flocculating activities of 96.4%, 93.7%, and 82.2%, respectively. The applicability of the bioflocculant for removing turbidity and reducing chemical oxygen demand

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de Jager, Pieter, Tobias Chirwa, Shan Naidoo, Olga Perovic та Juno Thomas. "Nosocomial Outbreak of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in South Africa: A Case-Control Study". PLOS ONE 10, № 4 (2015): e0123337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123337.

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Molokwane, P. E., C. K. Meli, and E. M. N. Chirwa. "Chromium (VI) reduction in activated sludge bacteria exposed to high chromium loading." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 2 (2008): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.669.

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A mixed-culture of bacteria collected from a wastewater treatment plant in Brits, North-West Province (South Africa) biocatalytically reduced Cr(VI) at much higher concentrations than previously observed in cultures isolated in North America. Complete Cr(VI) reduction in aerobic cultures was achieved at a high concentration of 200 mg/L after incubation for only 65 hours. Under anaerobic conditions up to 150 mg, Cr(VI)/L was completely removed after incubating for 130 to 155 hours, still higher than the Cr(VI) reduction achieved with previous cultures where complete removal was only observed in

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Abebe, Lydia Shawel, James A. Smith, Sophia Narkiewicz, et al. "Ceramic water filters impregnated with silver nanoparticles as a point-of-use water-treatment intervention for HIV-positive individuals in Limpopo Province, South Africa: a pilot study of technological performance and human health benefits." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 2 (2013): 288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2013.185.

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Waterborne pathogens present a significant threat to people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). This study presents a randomized, controlled trial that evaluates whether a household-level ceramic water filter (CWF) intervention can improve drinking water quality and decrease days of diarrhea in PLWH in rural South Africa. Seventy-four participants were randomized in an intervention group with CWFs and a control group without filters. Participants in the CWF arm received CWFs impregnated with silver nanoparticles and associated safe-storage containers. Water and stool samples w

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Neelakantan, Vivek. "Tuberculosis control in postcolonial South India and beyond: Fractured sovereignties in international health, 1948-1960." Wellcome Open Research 2 (January 13, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.10544.1.

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Between 1948 and 1960, South India (Madras State) and Southeast Asia emerged as global centres for tuberculosis control. This article attempts to situate tuberculosis control of these two regions within the broader context of international health. It investigates the unique ways in which tuberculosis control in Madras state reflected the inner tensions between the notional magic bullet approach, which focuses on specific cures to root out the cause of the disease, and a more holistic approach that relates disease prevention to overall well-being of the population. The implementation of tubercu

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Neelakantan, Vivek. "Tuberculosis control in postcolonial South India and Southeast Asia: Fractured sovereignties in international health, 1948-1960." Wellcome Open Research 2 (April 17, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.10544.2.

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Between 1948 and 1960, South India (Madras State) and Southeast Asia—with an emphasis on Indonesia, the Philippines, and Burma— emerged as global centres for tuberculosis control. This article attempts to situate tuberculosis control of these two regions within the broader context of transnational health. It investigates the unique ways in which tuberculosis control in South India and Southeast Asia reflected the inner tensions between the notional magic bullet approach, which focuses on specific cures to root out the cause of the disease, and a more holistic approach that relates disease prev

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du PLESSIS, ERIKA M., FRANCOIS DUVENAGE, and LISE KORSTEN. "Determining the Potential Link between Irrigation Water Quality and the Microbiological Quality of Onions by Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 4 (2015): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-486.

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The potential transfer of human pathogenic bacteria present in irrigation water onto fresh produce was investigated, because surface water sources used for irrigation purposes in South Africa have increasingly been reported to be contaminated with enteric bacterial pathogens. A microbiological analysis was performed of a selected river in Limpopo Province, South Africa, that is often contaminated with raw sewage from municipal sewage works and overhead irrigated onions produced on a commercial farm. Counts of Escherichia coli, coliforms, aerobic bacteria, fungi, and yeasts and the prevalence o

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Madoroba, Evelyn, Kudakwashe Magwedere, Nyaradzo Stella Chaora, et al. "Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (2021): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030507.

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Consumption of food that is contaminated by microorganisms, chemicals, and toxins may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, which has negative socioeconomic and public health implications. Monitoring and surveillance of microbial diversity along the food value chain is a key component for hazard identification and evaluation of potential pathogen risks from farm to the consumer. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial diversity in meat and meat products from different enterprises and meat types in South Africa. Samples (n = 2017) were analyzed for Yersinia enterocolitica, S

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Dara, Surendra K., Cristian Montalva, and Marek Barta. "Microbial Control of Invasive Forest Pests with Entomopathogenic Fungi: A Review of the Current Situation." Insects 10, no. 10 (2019): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10100341.

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The health of the forestlands of the world is impacted by a number of insect pests and some of them cause significant damage with serious economic and environmental implications. Whether it is damage of the North American cypress aphid in South America and Africa, or the destruction of maple trees in North America by the Asian long horned beetle, invasive forest pests are a major problem in many parts of the world. Several studies explored microbial control opportunities of invasive forest pests with entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and some are successfully utilized as a part of

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Essiet, Grace Akanimo, Monday Udofa Anwankwo, Godwin Christian Akuodor, et al. "Antibacterial and toxicological evaluation of the ethanol leaf extract of Anthonotha macrophylla." Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 8, no. 3 (2019): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jhp.2019.30.

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Introduction: The leaves of Anthonotha macrophylla which are widely used in folkloric medicine in Africa were evaluated for antibacterial activity and its toxicological profile.Methods: Antibacterial activities of the leaves against clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes and Bacillus subtilis were compared with cefoxitin. Toxicological profiles were determined following the administration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the leaf extract and distilled water, as control, to male Albino rats for 28 days. Biochemical

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Toews, Sheila, Mary Beverley-Burton, and Tara Lawrimore. "Helminth and protist parasites of zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771), in the Great Lakes region of southwestern Ontario, with comments on associated bacteria." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 9 (1993): 1763–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-250.

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Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) collected in June 1991 from three localities in the Great Lakes region of south-western Ontario were examined for helminth and protist parasites. In addition, the bacteria in both live and dead mussels were identified and the effects of Serratia liquefaciens and Escherichia coli on D. polymorpha were monitored experimentally. Helminths were not found in mussels from the Puce site (Lake St. Clair); the prevalence of plagiorchiid metacercariae in mussels from Port Colborne (Lake Erie) was 2.9% and of aspidogastrids (adults and juveniles of Aspidogaster conchi

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Ndibe, Thankgod Ositadinma, Nancy Erika Nwabufo, Johnson John Usman, and Winnie Chuno Eugene. "Assessment of Some Bacteria from Panteka Stream, Kaduna, Nigeria, for their Larvicidal Activity Against Anopheles gambiae." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 12 (2019): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.12.1025.

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It is obvious that malaria is one of the commonest diseases in Africa, hence the need to embark on a study to reduce its transmission by eliminating the vector. Some microorganisms are known to have larvicidal activity leading to destruction of mosquito larvae, thereby, preventing them from metamorphosing into adult mosquitoes that can transmit Plasmodium spp. Panteka stream, Kaduna, Nigeria, is a dumping site for refuse and automobile waste and thus, a potential source of bacteria. This present investigation was aimed at screening bacterial isolates for their larvicidal activity against Anoph

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Addae, Prince C., Mohammad F. Ishiyaku, Jean-Batiste Tignegre, et al. "Efficacy of a cry1Ab Gene for Control of Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Cowpea (Fabales: Fabaceae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 2 (2020): 974–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz367.

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Abstract Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] is an important staple legume in the diet of many households in sub-Saharan Africa. Its production, however, is negatively impacted by many insect pests including bean pod borer, Maruca vitrata F., which can cause 20–80% yield loss. Several genetically engineered cowpea events that contain a cry1Ab gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for resistance against M. vitrata were evaluated in Nigeria, Burkina Faso, and Ghana (West Africa), where cowpea is commonly grown. As part of the regulatory safety package, these efficacy data were developed and eva

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Pavlov, D., C. M. E. de Wet, W. O. K. Grabow, and M. M. Ehlers. "Determination of cytotoxicity and invasiveness of heterotrophic plate count bacteria isolated from drinking water." Water Supply 2, no. 3 (2002): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0093.

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Evidence has been presented that some heterotrophic bacteria often detected in drinking water supplies possess features associated with pathogenicity. This suggests that even the low numbers of heterotrophic bacteria considered acceptable by drinking water specifications may constitute a health risk, particularly to immunocompromised consumers. In this study, 339 bacteria were isolated at random from routine heterotrophic plate count (HPC) tests on selected drinking water supplies in South Africa. In a first screen for potentially pathogenic properties, 188 of the isolates (55.5%) displayed a-

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Sindi, Abrar, Md Bahadur Badsha, Barbara Nielsen, and Gülhan Ünlü. "Antimicrobial Activity of Six International Artisanal Kefirs against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus." Microorganisms 8, no. 6 (2020): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060849.

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Kefir, a fermented dairy beverage, exhibits antimicrobial activity due to many metabolic products, including bacteriocins, generated by lactic acid bacteria. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of artisanal kefir products from Fusion Tea (A), Britain (B), Ireland (I), Lithuania (L), the Caucuses region (C), and South Korea (K) were investigated against select foodborne pathogens. Listeria monocytogenes CWD 1198, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis ATCC 13076, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 were inhibited by artisanal kefirs made with kefir grains f

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Rivers-Moore, N. A., S. Bangay, and R. W. Palmer. "Optimisation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Vectobac^®) applications for the blackfly control programme on the Orange River, South Africa." Water SA 34, no. 2 (2019): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v34i2.183639.

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McLeod, A., and S. Coertze. "First Report of Phytophthora cryptogea on Osteospermum spp. in South Africa." Plant Disease 91, no. 3 (2007): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-3-0322a.

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Osteospermum is the largest genus of the tribe Calendulea of the Compositae (Asteraceae) and has a center of diversity in South Africa with approximately 40 known species in the Cape Province (3). This indigenous plant genus is also a popular floricultural crop grown in South Africa because of drought and high temperature tolerance. Two diseased Osteospermum sp. samples were submitted by commercial nurseries to the Stellenbosch University Plant Disease Clinic. Both samples showed similar symptoms including black lesions on the lower stem, petioles, and the base of lower leaves. Isolations were

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Sineke, Ncomeka, Jonathan Asante, Daniel Gyamfi Amoako, et al. "Staphylococcus aureus in Intensive Pig Production in South Africa: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Clonality." Pathogens 10, no. 3 (2021): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030317.

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Although Staphylococcus aureus is a major threat to the veterinary, agricultural, and public health sectors because of its zoonotic potential, studies on its molecular characterisation in intensive animal production are rare. We phenotypically and genotypically characterised antibiotic-resistant S. aureus in intensive pig production in South Africa, using the farm-to-fork approach. Samples (n = 461) were collected from the farm, transport vehicles, and the abattoir using the World Health Organisation on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (WHO-AGISAR) sampling protocol. Bacteri

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CHRISTISON, C. A., D. LINDSAY, and A. von HOLY. "Cleaning and Handling Implements as Potential Reservoirs for Bacterial Contamination of Some Ready-to-Eat Foods in Retail Delicatessen Environments." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 12 (2007): 2878–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.12.2878.

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This study assessed the association of bacteria with cleaning tools, such as floor mops (n = 25) and cleaning cloths (n = 39), and handling devices, such as disposable plastic gloves (n = 20), used during filled baguette and assorted salad preparation in four selected retail delicatessens in Johannesburg, South Africa. Samples of each cleaning or handling tool were prepared for aerobic (APC), coliform (CC), Escherichia coli (EC), Bacillus cereus (BCC), and Staphylococcus aureus (SAC) counts, as well as tested for the incidence of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and Salmonella (SALM) by standard pl

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Kasidal, Kasidal, Noor Aidawati, and Dewi Erika Adriani. "UJI EFEKTIFITAS AGENSIA HAYATI DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI Ralstonia solanacearum DAN MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN SERTA HASIL TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum)." EnviroScienteae 15, no. 3 (2019): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v15i3.7427.

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Chili is an important commodity for most people, because of its function in terms of improving taste and appetite. Chili was seriously developed with the support of government funds for chili farmers. The development of chili plants, has enough obstacles, especially wich caused by plant disturbing organisms whether it is pests or diseases. The important organism that disturbs chili is wilting caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. In South Kalimantan, this disease reportedly attacked chilies spread in the districts of Banjar, Banjarbaru, Barito Kuala, Tapin, Hulu Sungai Tengah and Balangan with a c

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Zarka, Kelly A., Ria Greyling, Inge Gazendam, et al. "Insertion and Characterization of the cry1Ia1 Gene in the Potato Cultivar Spunta for Resistance to Potato Tuber Moth." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 135, no. 4 (2010): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.135.4.317.

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Potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) is a serious pest of potatoes in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including South Africa. The cry1Ia1 gene (from Bacillus thuringiensis) under the control of the 35S cauliflower mosaic virus promoter was transformed into the potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivar Spunta to develop a cultivar with resistance to potato tuber moth for release in South Africa. Two transformation events, ‘SpuntaG2’ and ‘SpuntaG3’, were selected and subjected to extensive molecular analyses as required by the regulatory agencies of South Africa. Southern hybridi

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Simonovska, Ljiljana, Iva Paneva, and Gordana Panova. "CONTROL OF INFECTION FROM NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION OF TUBERCULOSIS." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 2 (2018): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij2802495s.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is still a huge health problem in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2015, 10.4 million new tuberculosis cases were registered. Most of the newly reported cases of TB are concentrated in 6 countries in the world: India, Indonesia, China, Nigeria, Pakistan and South Africa. In 2015, 1.8 million people died of TB. Among deaths 140,000 were children (1) By implementing the WHO strategy, known as Short Term Treatment Procedures under Direct Surveillance (DOT), almost all patients with tuberculosis can be treated. At the base of the DOT, the strategy i

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Oluseyi Osunmakinde, Cecilia, Ramganesh Selvarajan, Bhekie B. Mamba, and Titus A. M. Msagati. "Profiling Bacterial Diversity and Potential Pathogens in Wastewater Treatment Plants Using High-Throughput Sequencing Analysis." Microorganisms 7, no. 11 (2019): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110506.

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Next-generation sequencing provides new insights into the diversity and structure of bacterial communities, as well as the fate of pathogens in wastewater treatment systems. In this study, the bacterial community structure and the presence of pathogenic bacteria in three wastewater treatment plants across Gauteng province in South Africa were studied. The physicochemical results indicated that the quality of wastewater varies considerably from one plant to the others. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla across the three wastewater treatment plant

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Mariano, V., C. M. E. McCrindle, B. Cenci-Goga, and J. A. Picard. "Case-Control Study To Determine whether River Water Can Spread Tetracycline Resistance to Unexposed Impala (Aepyceros melampus) in Kruger National Park (South Africa)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 1 (2008): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01808-08.

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ABSTRACT A case-control study was performed in the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, to find out whether impala (Aepyceros melampus) were more likely to harbor tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli (TREC) in their feces when they drank from rivers that contained these bacteria than when they drank from rivers that were uncontaminated with TREC. The following five perennial rivers were selected: the Crocodile, the Letaba, the Olifants, the Sabie, and the Sand. Samples of river water (n = 33) and feces (n = 209), collected at 11 different sites, were cultured for E. coli. The resulting

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Wassermann, Birgit, Lise Korsten, and Gabriele Berg. "Plant Health and Sound Vibration: Analyzing Implications of the Microbiome in Grape Wine Leaves." Pathogens 10, no. 1 (2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10010063.

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Understanding the plant microbiome is a key for plant health and controlling pathogens. Recent studies have shown that plants are responsive towards natural and synthetic sound vibration (SV) by perception and signal transduction, which resulted in resistance towards plant pathogens. However, whether or not native plant microbiomes respond to SV and the underlying mechanism thereof remains unknown. Within the present study we compared grapevine-associated microbiota that was perpetually exposed to classical music with a non-exposed control group from the same vineyard in Stellenbosch, South Af

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Bumunang, Emmanuel W., Collins N. Ateba, Kim Stanford, Yan D. Niu, Y. Wang, and Tim A. McAllister. "Activity of Bacteriophage and Complex Tannins against Biofilm-Forming Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from Canada and South Africa." Antibiotics 9, no. 5 (2020): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9050257.

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Bacteriophages, natural killers of bacteria, and plant secondary metabolites, such as condensed tannins, are potential agents for the control of foodborne pathogens. The first objective of this study evaluated the efficacy of a bacteriophage SA21RB in reducing pre-formed biofilms on stainless-steel produced by two Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains, one from South Africa and the other from Canada. The second objective examined the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity of condensed tannin (CT) from purple prairie clover and phlorotannins (PT) from brown seaweed against the

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Mangwende, E., J. B. Kalonji Kabengele, M. Truter, and T. A. S. Aveling. "First Report of White Rust of Rocket (Eruca sativa) Caused by Albugo candida in South Africa." Plant Disease 99, no. 2 (2015): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-14-0947-pdn.

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Garden rocket (Eruca sativa syn.: E. vesicaria subsp. sativa (Mill) Thell.) is an annual plant of the Brassicaceae grown for fresh consumption as a salad vegetable. During winter (May to July) of 2013 and 2014 in South Africa, typical symptoms of white rust were observed in two commercial crops (each ~0.5 ha) of the garden rocket cv. Rucola coltivata in Centurion, Gauteng Province, at 33 and 80% incidence, respectively. Symptomatic leaves were deposited in the National Collection of Fungi, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa (PREM 61073).

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Sandoval Vergara, Ana, Marlon Farfán Córdova, Marco Leoncio Salazar Castillo, Icela Marissa Rodríguez Haro, and Ana Paula Vizconde Rodríguez. "Antibacterial effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mauritia flexuosa leaves on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria." F1000Research 8 (August 23, 2019): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19151.1.

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Background: Plant-derived compounds are sometimes used as substitutes for pharmaceuticals. Mauritia flexuosa is a palm tree that is widely distributed in South America, especially in the Amazon region. The San Martín region of Peru, in which this species of the Arecaceae family is found, has great biological diversity and there is economic potential in the utilization of natural resources in the region. Methods: In this study, the antibacterial effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mauritia flexuosa leaves was evaluated for gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus

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Zhou, X. G. "First Report of Bacterial Panicle Blight of Rice Caused by Burkholderia glumae in South Africa." Plant Disease 98, no. 4 (2014): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-13-0913-pdn.

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In April 2013, upright, straw-colored panicles were observed in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields with center pivot sprinkler irrigation at Ukulima farm in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Affected panicles contained florets that initially exhibited discoloration ranging from light green to light brown on the basal portion of the glumes and later developed a reddish-brown margin separating this area from the rest of the glume that became straw-colored. The stems of infected florets remained green. Affected grains were partially filled or aborted, causing panicles to remain upright. These symptoms a

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Gallego, Juan R., Jesús Guerrero-Manzano, Francisco J. Fernández-Maldonado, and Tomas Cabello. "Susceptibility of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma achaeae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides used in tomato greenhouses." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 17, no. 2 (2019): e1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019172-14413.

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The South American tomato moth Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a pest species of great economic importance in tomatoes, both in greenhouses and in open-air crops. This importance has increased in recent years because it has been introduced in many countries in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Insecticides different active ingredients and biological control agents are being used in the control of this pest species. This implies the need to make both groups compatible within IPM programmes. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the compatibility between different inse

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Retno Wardani, Hamidah, Destia Widyarani, Rany Agustin Wulandari, and Damon Wicaksi. "Potential of Herbal Plants Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection." D'Nursing and Health Journal (DNHJ) 1, no. 2 (2020): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/dnursing.v1i2.41.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The leading cause of death worldwide is responsible for 1.5 million deaths each year. The cause of tuberculosis infection is the tubercle bacillus discovered by Robert Koch in 1882. The organism causing it is Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The spread of new cases is divided in several regions including Southeast Asia and Africa, which are the regions that have the biggest contribution to the prevalence of tuberculosis. So it takes pillars and components of TB control that cover all lines. Method: This study a

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Tamele, Isidro, Marisa Silva, and Vitor Vasconcelos. "The Incidence of Marine Toxins and the Associated Seafood Poisoning Episodes in the African Countries of the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea." Toxins 11, no. 1 (2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11010058.

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The occurrence of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) and bacteria can be one of the great threats to public health due to their ability to produce marine toxins (MTs). The most reported MTs include paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), amnesic shellfish toxins (ASTs), diarrheic shellfish toxins (DSTs), cyclic imines (CIs), ciguatoxins (CTXs), azaspiracids (AZTs), palytoxin (PlTXs), tetrodotoxins (TTXs) and their analogs, some of them leading to fatal outcomes. MTs have been reported in several marine organisms causing human poisoning incidents since these organisms constitute the food basis of coastal h

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Wymann, M. N., E. Flacio, S. Radczuweit, N. Patocchi, and P. Lüthy. "Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) - a threat for Switzerland?" Eurosurveillance 13, no. 10 (2008): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.13.10.08058-en.

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The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Stegomya albopicta) originating from south-east Asia, has spread primarily by the trade of used tyres to the United States, Europe, Latin America and Africa [1]. In Italy, the mosquito species was first detected in Genoa in 1990 and has since spread to several parts of the country, including border areas with Switzerland [2]. In 2000, an active monitoring system was established in southern Switzerland. The first tiger mosquito was detected in the canton of Ticino in 2003 [3]. Monitoring was gradually intensified due to growing mosquito densities in n

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