Academic literature on the topic 'Bacillus mycoides'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bacillus mycoides"
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Sagala, Yosua Nathanael Itona, Endang Triwahyu Prasetyawati, and Yenny Wuryandari. "Potency of the Consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and Bacillus mycoides Isolates Against Bacterial Wilt Disease In-Vitro." JPT Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) 8, no. 2 (2024): 78–87. https://doi.org/10.25077/jpt.8.2.78-87.2024.
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Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a disease in chili pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) that is difficult to control. One technique to prevent bacterial wilt disease is consortium of antagonistic bacteria such as Pseudomonad fluorescent and Bacillus mycoides. This study aimed to determine whether the consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and Bacillus mycoides can inhibit R. solanacearum better than a single application in-vitro. This study was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments (Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142, B. mycoides, Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 + B. mycoides, and control) in six replications, resulting in 24 experimental units. The variables observed were the symptoms of attack and pathogenicity of R. solanacearum, compatibility and inhibitory rate of the consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescens pf-142 and B. mycoides against R. solanacearum. Based on the study, it was known that R. solanacearum caused wilting in chili pepper plants with high virulence. Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and B. mycoides did not produce an inhibition zone, indicating that both were compatible. The consortium of Pseudomonad fluorescent pf-142 and B. mycoides provided the widest inhibition zone, indicating strong antagonistic ability against R. solanacearum.
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Guetsky, Ruth, D. Shtienberg, Y. Elad, E. Fischer, and A. Dinoor. "Improving Biological Control by Combining Biocontrol Agents Each with Several Mechanisms of Disease Suppression." Phytopathology® 92, no. 9 (2002): 976–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.9.976.
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Two biocontrol agents, a yeast (Pichia guilermondii) and a bacterium (Bacillus mycoides), were tested separately and together for suppression of Botrytis cinerea on strawberry leaves and plants. Scanning electron microscopy revealed significant inhibition of Botrytis cinerea conidial germination in the presence of Pichia guilermondii, whereas Bacillus mycoides caused breakage and destruction of conidia. When both biocontrol agents were applied in a mixture, conidial destruction was more severe. The modes of action of each of the biocontrol agents were elucidated and the relative quantitative contribution of each mechanism to suppression of Botrytis cinerea was estimated using multiple regression with dummy variables. The improvement in control efficacy achieved by introducing one or more mechanisms at a time was calculated. Pichia guilermondii competed with Botrytis cinerea for glucose, sucrose, adenine, histidine, and folic acid. Viability of the yeast cells played a crucial role in suppression of Botrytis cinerea and they secreted an inhibitory compound that had an acropetal effect and was not volatile. Bacillus mycoides did not compete for any of the sugars, amino acids, or vitamins examined at a level that would affect Botrytis cinerea development. Viable cells and the compounds secreted by them contributed similarly to Botrytis cinerea suppression. The bacteria secreted volatile and non-volatile inhibitory compounds and activated the defense systems of the host. The nonvolatile compounds had both acropetal and basipetal effects. Mixture of Pichia guilermondii and Bacillus mycoides resulted in additive activity compared with their separate application. The combined activity was due to the summation of biocontrol mechanisms of both agents. This work provides a theoretical explanation for our previous findings of reduced disease control variability with a mixture of Pichia guilermondii and Bacillus mycoides.
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Daffonchio, Daniele, Sara Borin, Giuseppe Frova, et al. "A Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Marker Specific for the Bacillus cereus Group Is Diagnostic forBacillus anthracis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 3 (1999): 1298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.3.1298-1303.1999.
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ABSTRACT Aiming to develop a DNA marker specific for Bacillus anthracis and able to discriminate this species fromBacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, andBacillus mycoides, we applied the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting technique to a collection of 101 strains of the genus Bacillus, including 61 strains of theB. cereus group. An 838-bp RAPD marker (SG-850) specific for B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. anthracis, and B. mycoides was identified. This fragment included a putative (366-nucleotide) open reading frame highly homologous to the ypuA gene of Bacillus subtilis. The restriction analysis of the SG-850 fragment withAluI distinguished B. anthracis from the other species of the B. cereus group.
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Khoiriyah, Layyinatul, and Atik Widiyanti. "Efektifitas Tanaman Mangrove Rhyzopora Mucronata dan Bakteri dalam Menurunkan Kadar Salinitas Air Payau." Nusantara Technology and Engineering Review 1, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55732/nter.v1i1.1068.
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Peningkatan tinggi permukaan laut dapat mengakibatkan intrusi air laut yang berpotensi mencemari kualitas air tanahPencemaran air tanah yang disebutkan terjadi melalui merembesnya air laut yang mengandung kadar klorida (Cl), yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada ekuifer air tawar. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan teknologi biodesalinasi sebagai teknologi yang meyediakan air tawar yang dibantu oleh tanaman mangrove Rhyzopora mucronata dan bakteri (Bacillus mycoides dan Pseudomunas aeruginosa). Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 reaktor, P0 reaktor kontrol, Reaktor P1 diberi tanaman mangrove (Rhyzopora mucronata) Reaktor P2 diberi tanaman mangrove (Rhyzopora mucronata) dan bakteri (Bacillus mycoides dan Pseudomunas aeroginosa). Reaktor P3 ditambahkan bakteri (Bacillus mycoides dan Pseudomunas aeroginosa). Volume air payau yang digunakan pada tiap reaktor adalah 13 L dan penambahan bakteri 300 ml, pengambilan sampel sebanyak 5 ml dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Hasil analisi setiap reaktor mengalami penurunan. Nilai efesiensi terbesar pada reaktor P2 sebesar 26% dan nilai efektifitas terbesar pada reaktor P2 sebesar 17,81 ⁰/₀₀. Reaktor terbaik dalam menurunkan kadar salinitas air payau adalah reaktor P2.
 An increase in sea level height can result in seawater intrusion, which has the potential to pollute groundwater quality. The mentioned groundwater pollution occurs through seepage of seawater containing high levels of chloride (Cl), which can cause damage to freshwater aquifers. This research aims to utilize desalination technology as a technology that provides fresh water assisted by the mangrove plant Rhyzopora mucronata and bacteria (Bacillus mycoides and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). This research was conducted using experimental methods. This research used four reactors: P0 was the control reactor, Reactor P1 was given mangrove plants (Rhyzopora mucronata), Reactor P2 was given mangrove plants (Rhyzopora mucronata) and bacteria (Bacillus mycoides and Pseudomunas aeroginosa). The P3 reactor added bacteria (Bacillus mycoides and Pseudomunas aeroginosa). The volume of brackish water used in each reactor was 13 L, and 300 ml of bacteria were added, 5 ml of samples were taken with three repetitions. The analysis results for each reactor decreased. The most significant efficiency value in the P2 reactor was 26%, and the most considerable effectiveness value in the P2 reactor was 17.81 ⁰/₀₀. The best reactor for reducing the salinity levels of salty water is the P2 reactor.
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Athukorala, Sarangi N. P., W. G. Dilantha Fernando, and Khalid Y. Rashid. "Identification of antifungal antibiotics ofBacillusspecies isolated from different microhabitats using polymerase chain reaction and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55, no. 9 (2009): 1021–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w09-067.
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Although many Bacillus species are known to be good antibiotic producers capable of acting as biocontrol agents, the underlying antimicrobial mechanisms are often poorly understood. In this study, 21 Bacillus strains, demonstrating over 50% mycelial inhibition against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as well as significant control in plant assays, were examined for the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic genes. Primers specific for bacillomycin D, iturin A, surfactin, mycosubtilin, fengycin, and zwittermicin A were used to amplify biosynthetic genes from these bacteria using PCR. The majority of strains harbored surfactin (21/21) and iturin A (20/21) biosynthetic genes. Three strains ( Bacillus subtilis 3057, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS6, and Bacillus mycoides 4079) were positive for bacillomycin D, whereas 4 strains (B. subtilis H-08-02, B. subtilis 3057, B. amyloliquefaciens BS6, and B. mycoides 4079) showed the presence of the fengycin biosynthetic gene. The zwittermicin A gene was detected in B. mycoides S, Bacillus thuringiensis BS8, and B. amyloliquefaciens BS6. Sequence analysis of purified PCR products revealed homology with corresponding genes from other Bacillus sp. in the GenBank database. Production of particular antibiotics in strains BS6, H-08-02, 3057, and 4079 was confirmed through matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight – mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS). This study revealed the equivalent capability of different Bacillus strains from various microhabitats to produce the above-mentioned antibiotics and highlights the possibility of using some strains as potential biocontrol agents under different microhabitats distant from their original habitat. Furthermore, it will enable researchers to develop rational strategies for the application of the antagonists and their metabolites within an agroecosystem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a B. mycoides strain that carries biosynthetic genes and produces fengycin and surfactin.
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Andriani, Yuli, Emma Rochima, Ratu Safitri, and Sri Rejeki Rahayuningsih. "Characterization of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mycoides Bacteria as Probiotic Bacteria in Fish and Shrimp Feed." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 6 (2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i6.1029.
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This study was aimedto identify probiotic characteristics and to test the cellulolytic ability of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mycoides bacteria for probiotic microbe candidates in fish and shrimp feed. The description of the cellulolytic and amylolytic abilities of these bacteriawas obtained by non-experimental method and descriptive analysis. Probiotic characteristic identification includes growth curve was obtained through total plate count method, cellular and colony morphology, and cellulase and amylase enzyme activity test using DNS method. Results indicated that the maximum growth of B. megateriumwas observed after six hours at 35.62 x 10 10 (CFU), while B. mycoideswasafter 30 hoursat 42.6 x 10 10(CFU). The macroscopic observation showed that the colony of B. megateriumwas concave and smooth,while B. mycoides was flat, relatively rough, with silken threads around the colony.Both bacteria had milky white color, bacillus shape, Gram positive, and sporous. The activity of cellulose and amylase enzymes in B. megateriumwere 3,974 units/ml and 1,831 units/ml, respectively. The activity of cellulose and amylase enzymes in B. mycoideswere 3,506 units/ml and 3,730 units/ml, respectively. It can be concluded that both bacteria could be proposed as probiotic bacteria in fish feed. Keywords: Characterization, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mycoides, probiotic microbes, feed.
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McIntyre, Lorraine, Kathryn Bernard, Daniel Beniac, Judith L. Isaac-Renton, and David Craig Naseby. "Identification of Bacillus cereus Group Species Associated with Food Poisoning Outbreaks in British Columbia, Canada." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 23 (2008): 7451–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01284-08.
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ABSTRACT Food poisoning laboratories identify Bacillus cereus using routine methods that may not differentiate all Bacillus cereus group species. We recharacterized Bacillus food-poisoning strains from 39 outbreaks and identified B. cereus in 23 outbreaks, B. thuringiensis in 4, B. mycoides in 1, and mixed strains of Bacillus in 11 outbreaks.
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Zhang, Y., W. G. D. Fernando, T. R. de Kievit, C. Berry, F. Daayf, and T. C. Paulitz. "Detection of antibiotic-related genes from bacterial biocontrol agents with polymerase chain reaction." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 5 (2006): 476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-152.
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Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23, Pseudomonas spp. strain DF41, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS6 consistently inhibit infection of canola petals by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in both greenhouse and field experiments. Bacillus thuringiensis BS8, Bacillus cereus L, and Bacillus mycoides S have shown significant inhibition against S. sclerotiorum on plate assays. The presence of antibiotic biosynthetic or self-resistance genes in these strains was investigated with polymerase chain reaction and, in one case, Southern blotting. Thirty primers were used to amplify (i) antibiotic biosythetic genes encoding phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, and pyrrolnitrin, and (ii) the zwittermicin A self-resistance gene. Our findings revealed that the fungal antagonist P. chlororaphis PA23 contains biosynthetic genes for phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and pyrrolnitrin. Moreover, production of these compounds was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography. Pseudomonas spp. DF41 and B. amyloliquefaciens BS6 do not appear to harbour genes for any of the antibiotics tested. Bacillus thuringiensis BS8, B. cereus L, and B. mycoides S contain the zwittermicin A self-resistance gene. This is the first report of zmaR in B. mycoides.Key words: Pseudomonas, Bacillus, biocontrol, antibiotic genes.
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Yanti, Yulmira, Nurbailis Nurbailis, Indra Dwipa, and Dede Suhendra. "Potensi Bacillus spp. sebagai Agens Biokontrol Pengendali Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)." Agrikultura 36, no. 1 (2025): 105–14. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v36i1.55165.
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Penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman bawang merah disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (FOC). Penyakit ini tergolong penyakit penting pada tanaman bawang merah yang dapat menimbulkan kerugian hingga 50% atau bahkan menyebabkan gagal panen. Alternatif pengendalian penyakit layu fusarium bisa dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan bakteri Bacillus spp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji bakteri Bacillus spp. sebagai agens biokontrol untuk menekan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Laboratorium Fitopatologi Departemen Proteksi Tanaman serta di Kebun Percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang pada bulan April sampai September 2023. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 8 perlakuan (6 galur bakteri Bacillus spp., kontrol positif, dan kontrol negatif) yang diulang sebanyak 6 kali. Bakteri Bacillus spp. yang digunakan adalah B. waihenstephanensis galur RBTLL 3.2, B. cereus galur MRDKBTE 1.3, B. thuringiensis galur MRSNRZ 3.1, B. mycoides galur MRSNUMBE 2.2, B. mycoides galur MRBPBT 2.1, dan B. cereus galur MRPLUMBE 1.3. Bakteri Bacillus spp., diintroduksi pada umbi bawang merah dengan merendam umbi sebelum ditanam dan inokulasi FOC di sekitar perakaran pada umur tanaman 4 minggu. Variabel yang diamati yaitu perkembangan penyakit (masa inkubasi, kejadian penyakit dan keparahan penyakit) dan pertumbuhan bawang merah (tinggi, jumlah daun, berat basah, dan berat kering umbi). Perlakuan B. cereus galur MRPLUMBE 1.3 menunjukkan kemampuan terbaik menghambat perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium, sedangkan B. mycoides galur MRBPBT 2.1 memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Bacillus spp. memiliki potensi untuk menekan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah.
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Bargabus, Rebecca L., Nina K. Zidack, John E. Sherwood, and Barry J. Jacobsen. "Oxidative Burst Elicited by Bacillus mycoides Isolate Bac J, a Biological Control Agent, Occurs Independently of Hypersensitive Cell Death in Sugar Beet." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 16, no. 12 (2003): 1145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2003.16.12.1145.
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Response of sugar beet cultivars C40 and USH11 to syringe infiltration of live and dead Bacillus mycoides isolate Bac J, a biological control agent, and virulent and avirulent isolates of Erwinia carotovora pv. betavasculorum was measured by monitoring systemic acquired resistance control of Cercospora beticola, specific activity of chitinase and β-glucanase, the oxidative burst, and hypersensitive cell death at the infiltration site. Priming sugar beet with B. mycoides Bac J (1 × 108 cells/ml) and avirulent isolates of E. carotovora pv. betavasculorum (1 × 106 cells/ml) reduced C. beticola symptoms by nearly 70% on distal, untreated leaves. Systemic resistance responses elicited by live B. mycoides Bac J and avirulent E. carotovora pv. betavasculorum isolates, measured by assays for chitinase and β-glucanase, were statistically equivalent, and biphasic hydrogen peroxide production was observed. Although similar in timing, the second hydrogen peroxide burst was twofold lower for B. mycoides Bac J than for avirulent E. carotovora pv. betavasculorum. Hypersensitive cell death was elicited by aviru-lent E. carotovora pv. betavasculorum but not B. mycoides Bac J. An oxidative burst was elicited by spray-applied B. mycoides Bac J under both light and green light conditions, indicating that the signal produced by B. mycoides Bac J was not reliant on the stomata for entry into sugar beet. A working model for signal delivery and systemic resistance induction by B. mycoides Bac J in sugar beet is proposed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacillus mycoides"
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Soufiane, Brahim. "Propriétés physiologiques et génétiques communes entre Bacillus weihenstephanensis et des souches de Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus et Bacillus mycoides." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2013. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6958/1/030592856.pdf.
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Neher, Oliver Thomas. "Disease control and plant defense pathways induced by Bacillus mojavensis isolate 203-7 and Bacillus mycoides isolate BMJ." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/neher/NeherO1208.pdf.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the plant defense pathways induced by Bacillus mojavensis isolate 203-7 (203-7) and B. mycoides isolate BmJ (BmJ) and to test their ability to control fungal pathogens on tomato and cucumber by means of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). An Arabidopsis thaliana mutant - Botrytis cinerea pathosystem was used to investigate plant defense pathways activated by 203-7 and BmJ. A. thaliana wild type (Col-0), ein2-1, jar1-1, NahG, ndr1-1/npr1-2, and npr1-1 mutants were induced by application of bacilli, distilled water, or chemical inducers. Both bacilli reduced disease severity on wild type and NahG mutants, but provided no reduction on jar1-1, indicating that induction was salicylic acid (SA) independent but jasmonic acid (JA) dependent. 203-7 induced plants had lower disease severity on npr1-1 and ein1-2 mutants but were equivalent to buffer controls on jar1-1 mutants. BmJ did not decrease disease severity on npr1-1, jar1 or ein2-1 mutants. Enzyme assays confirmed the induction of chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and superoxide dismutase by 203-7 and BmJ. These results demonstrate that induction by 203-7 is JA dependent and NPR1 independent. BmJ is SA independent but NPR1 and JA/ethylene dependent. Bacilli were tested for their ability to control B. cinerea grey mold on hydroponically grown greenhouse tomatoes and Glomerella cingulata var. orbiculare on cucumber by means of SAR. Weekly foliar applications of bacilli were able to significantly (a=0.05) reduce the severity of grey mold leaf lesions and to reduce the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) calculated for seven Botrytis stem canker ratings. Chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and SOD activity of apoplastic fluids were not significantly (a=0.05) increased by the treatments. Bacilli reduced total and live spore production of G. orbiculare per mm 2 of lesion and increased beta-1,3-glucanase activity of cucumber apoplastic fluids. Applications of BmJ compared to fungicides for the control of anthracnose in cucumber (var. 'General Lee') and cantaloupe (var. 'Athena') were evaluated in 2004 and 2005 field experiments. BmJ applied seven days before inoculation provided disease reduction in cucumber and cantaloupe statistically equal to the fungicide treatments.
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Piacenza, Elena <1991>. "Biogenic selenium nanoparticles from Bacillus mycoides SeITE01 and their potential as antimicrobial agents." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/7287.
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This study is focused on biosynthesis and characterization of Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by Bacillus mycoides SelTE01 (biogenic SeNPs), evaluating their ability as antimicrobial agents. In so doing, a comparison between biogenically and chemically synthesized SeNPs was carried out, in order to stress differences and similarities.
During my project, I worked in the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory at University of Verona and in Biofilm Research Group at University of Calgary (Canada).
At University of Verona, I synthesized biogenic SeNPs by Bacillus mycoides SelTE01 grown with Na2SeO3 and chemical SeNPs using L-cysteine, ascorbic acid or a mix of SDS and Na2S2O3. I also characterized both SeNPs using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Z potential measurement, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis and Energy Disperse Spectrometer (EDS) analysis.
In Biofilm Research Group in Calgary, I evaluated SeNPs antimicrobial activity against pathogenic biofilms, normally resistant to conventional methods of disinfection. I investigated SeNPs ability to inhibit biofilm formation, exposing pathogenic biofilms to different concentrations of SeNPs and using Minimum Biofilm Eradication Concentration (MBEC) test and Calgary Biofilm Device (CBD). MBEC test is a high throughput screening assay used to determine the efficacy of antimicrobials against biofilms. It’s based on use of CBD: particular 96-well plate in which one batch culture apparatus allows multiple species biofilms to be tested against a lot of variables. In particular, I used CBDs coated of hydroxyapatite (HA), component of bones and teeth. In so doing, I was able to verify that biogenic SeNPs have stronger antimicrobial activity than those chemically synthetized.
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Mairs, Ryan Alan. "Effects of Bacillus Mycoides Supplement in a Reduced Frequency Fungicide Program on Chambourcin Grapevines (Vitis Vinifera L.)." TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3047.
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Fungal diseases pose significant challenges for grapevine producers in Kentucky due to the region’s abundant moisture and relative humidity. Methods to reduce fungicide application frequency would prove both economically and temporally valuable to producers. A field experiment was established in Bowling Green, KY in 2017 to investigate Bacillus mycoides isolate J (LifeGard) as a supplement to a fungicide program for systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Three fungicide treatment regimens were implemented consisting of a program modelled from the Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide (2017) and an identical program supplemented with 140 g ha-1 LifeGard per application (both applied on 14 day intervals), a reduced frequency application every 28 days supplemented with 140 g ha-1 LifeGard, and an untreated control. Treatments were applied to 9-year-old French-Hybrid grapevines (cv. Chambourcin); each treatment was replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. All treatments were applied with a backpack sprayer delivering 150 L ha-1 at 2 Bar pressure. Canopy management, fertility, herbicide, and insect management were standardized across treatments and no supplemental irrigation was applied. Data collected included fruit yield, pH, ºBrix, and titratable acidity (TA). Data were analyzed with SAS PROC GLIMMIX; differences in means were determined at < 0.05. Plots supplemented with B. mycoides had lower fruit pH than untreated plots but higher fruit pH than the traditional fungicide program. Treatment regime did not influence Brix, TA, or total yield; however, all treated plots yielded more high quality fruit than the untreated control.
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Chou, Yun-Jung, and 周昀蓉. "Production of biosurfactant by Bacillus mycoides NP02 and Bacillus subtilis CWS1 in submerged culture." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47133489916702543517.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>化學工程學系所<br>100<br>In recent years, microbial pesticides for biocontrol control has become the goal of agricultural development. In this study, the production of biosurfactant by Bacillus mycoides NP02 under peptone-based medium was found to reached 71.27±1.93 mg/l.
Various types of additives were added into main culture. It was observed that corn oil could reduce the broth tension to 33 mN/m with peptone-based medium, and its biosurfactant production could reach 1744.81±144.89 mg/l, which was approximately 20-fold to that of the control. This result demonstrates oil addition to medium in submerged culture could enhance the biosurfactant production. The biosurfactant produced by B. mycoides NP02 was analyzed with HPLC, and its retention time of 14.6 min is different from that of the surfactin standard. This unknown biosurfactant in broth is expected to be a surfactin isoform, which need further identification.
On the other hand, the optimizing medium enhanced biosurfactant production by Bacillus subtilis CWS1. In carbon source study, sucrose gave the best biosurfactant production, reaching 2283.09±86.85 mg/l. In nitrogen source study, ammonium sulfate was identified to be the most favorable source for biosurfactant production, reaching 2613.16±49.69 mg/l. In the medium optimization, carbon source, nitrogen source and corn oil were chosen as designing factor. According to the response surface methodology, the optimal concentrations of sucrose, ammonium sulfate and corn oil were 50 g/l, 3 g/l and 5 g/l, respectively, where the best biosurfactin production reached 8057.57 mg/l.
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Tang, Jia-Rong, and 湯佳蓉. "Related mechanisms analyses for controlling tomato Fusarium wilt with Bacillus mycoides." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24197435170886125955.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>植物病理學系所<br>100<br>Bacillus mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 were effective in respectively reducing 48.1% and 46.2% disease severity of Fusarium wilt of tomato plants caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Fol-04 in the greenhouse. In order to explore related mechanisms for inducing tomato plants resistant to Fusarium wilt disease by the biocontrol agent, a platform was set up for simultaneously culturing tomato seedlings, B. mycoides, and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Fol-04 in the flask cultivation system. Biolog GP Microplate was used to analyze the utilization of carbon and nitrogen sources by F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Fol-04, B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02. The results showed that sucrose concentration of Murashige’s and Skoog’s (MS) medium was adjusted to 1% (w/v) had more suitable interaction among tomato seedlings, the pathogen and biocontrol agents. The roots of tomato seedlings could be completely colonized by B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 nine days after the seeds were treated with cell suspension of the biocontrol agents and grown in the flask and greenhouse cultivation systems. Tomato seeds were incubated in the cell suspension (108 cfu/ ml) of B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 for 3 days, and then they were transplanted to the modified MS medium in the flask. Two weeks later, each of tomato seedlings was inoculated with single spore of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici Fol-04 near the root. It was found that tomato seedlings could be protected from the pathogen by B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 for five days in the flask cultivation system. To study mechanisms for controlling tomato Fusarium wilt by the biocontrol agent, the root tissues of tomato plants treated with B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 were analyzed by tissue section and qPCR techniques. The results of Spurr’s resin block section indicated that the cell wall thickness of epidermis cells of tomato plant treated with B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 did increase 0.1-0.16 μm and 0.12-1.17 μm, and the cell wall thickness of cortex cells increased 0.05-0.1 μm and 0.12-0.18 μm. In addition, the results of qPCR showed that expression of LOX and PAL genes of tomato plant were induced by B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 in both cultivation conditions. According to above results, it was found that B. mycoides CHT2402 and NP02 were able to control tomato Fusarium wilt if they could colonize the roots and vascular tissues of tomato plants prior to the pathogen infection.
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Chan, Pei-Hsuan, and 詹佩璇. "Effects of Bacillus mycoides on the fungus of watermelon Fusarium wilt." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58518986975313401440.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>植物病理學系所<br>100<br>Watermelon is one of the important fruits consumed in the world. In fact, the cultivation area for watermelon is the second largest vegetable worldwide. Among the fungal diseases, Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon), limits watermelon production. This pathogen colonizes in vascular bundle which causes the difficulty of water transport and leads to wilting of plants. Currently, one of the most effective ways to control this disease is the resistant line breeding. However, this method is time consuming. In this experiment, Bacillus mycoides CHT2401 and CHT2402, isolated from land field, were cultured respectively on TSA (tryptic soy agar), NA (nutrient agar), and KB (King’s B medium) media, to evaluated the inhibition of mycelia growth and spore germination of Fon by the volatile compounds released by these bacteria. The volatile compounds released by B. mycoides cultured on TSA medium had better inhibition on mycelial growth and spore germination of Fon. Results of spore production of Fon in the presence of volatile compounds released by B. mycoides CHT2402 cultured on NA and KB media for 7 days showed significant difference compared to the control. But there was no difference in mycelial growth and spore germination of Fon between the control and the treatments with B. mycoides volatile compounds. The volatile compounds released by B. mycoides did not cause irretrievable damage to mycelia. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the major volatile compound was dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) released by CHT2401 and CHT2402 cultured on both TSA and NA media. The results of mycelial inhibition were similar among treatments of 5.15 μg DMDS and the volatile compounds produced by the treated B. mycoides isolates cultured on TSA medium. Nevertheless, the mycelial inhibition by the volatile compounds produced by B. mycoides in both NA and KB media was lower than that by the 5.15 μg DMDS treatment. For spore germination and the mycelial growth after spore germination, the corresponding DMDS amounts for inhibition were larger than that for mycelial growth. The possible reason for the higher concentrations of DMDS in spore suspension is that the volume of spore suspension is smaller than that of the medium. The Fon spores treated with 5.15 μg DMDS swelled and branched earlier comparing to the spores treated with bacterial volatile compounds. This indicates that the concentration of DMDS in B. mycoides volatile compounds used in our experiments was less than 5.15 μg. In survival test of chlamydospore treated with DMDS, treating infested soil with 206 μg DMDS for 13 days and treating infested soil with 515 μg DMDS for 3 days both decreased the survival rate of chlamydospore to 53%; whereas treating infested soil with 772.5 μg DMDS for 15 days decreased the survival rate of chlamydospore to 20%. According to our results, DMDS in the volatile compounds released by B. mycoides could reduce the number of chlamydospores in infested soil. SEM observation revealed that the Fon mycelia treated with B. mycoides volatile compounds and DMDS showed surface shrinkage. Furthermore, needle structures were observed on the Fon mycelia treated with volatile compounds released by B. mycoides cultured on TSA medium and DMDS. This structure could be caused by excess DMDS.
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Chen, Wei-Ting, and 陳威廷. "Purification, characterization, and application of a chitosanase from Bacillus mycoides TKU038." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08549035430769521940.
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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>化學學系碩士班<br>104<br>The objectives of this investigation were to produce a novel chitosanase for application in industries and waste treatment. The conversion of chitinous biowaste into bioactive chitooligomers (COS) is one of the most promising applications of chitosanase.
A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated form Taiwan soil and identified as Bacillus mycoides. The chitosanase was produced using 0.5% (w/v) squid pen powder (SPP) as the sole carbon/nitrogen source, and these enzymes was purified from the culture supernatant by column chromatography. Extracellular chitosanase was purified to 130-fold with a 35% yield, and its molecular mass was approximately 48 kDa. The purified chitosanase exhibited optimum activity at 50 °C, pH 6, 10 and was stable at 30-50 °C, pH 4-10. The chitosanase was significantly inhibited by Cu2+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, EDTA and PMSF. The value of Km and Vmax for chitosanase were 0.098 mg/mL and 1.336 U/mL, respectively.
A combination of the HPLC and MALDI-TOF MS results showed that the chitosan oligosaccharides obtained from the hydrolysis of water-soluble chitosan by TKU038 comprise oligomers with various degrees of polymerization (DP), ranging from 3 to 9. The TKU038 culture supernatant and COS mixture exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) scavenging activities. The COS with high DP exhibited enhanced DPPH· radical scavenging compared with COS with low DP. The COS also had anti-inflammatory activity and enhanced the growth of L. paracasei TKU010 and L. paracasei TKU012. TKU038 has potential applications in SPP waste treatment and industries for COS production as a medical prebiotic.
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Huang, Jing-Shu, and 黃靜淑. "Evaluation for Efficacy of Bacillus mycoides on Control of Cabbage Seedling Diseases." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07633742143774902851.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>植物病理學系所<br>96<br>Damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani kühn AG-4 or Pythium aphanidermatum Edson is a serious disease of cabbage seedlings, especially in culture medium in Taiwan. Thus, preventing culture medium from contamination of these pathogens should be an important method for controlling the disease. Effective evaluations of the volatile compounds produced by Bacillus mycoides isolates CHT2401 and CHT2402 grown on plates of King’s medium B, Luria-Bertani medium, nutrient agar, potato dextrose agar, soy powder milk agar, and tryptic soy agar for suppression of mycelial growth of R. solani RST-04 and P. aphanidermatum Pa01 were conducted. The two bacterial isolates grown on soy powder milk agar and tryptic soy agar expressed better effectiveness in inhibiting the pathogens. The volatile compounds produced by the two bacterial isolates were identified using ammonia detector tube and Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The major volatile compounds produced by both isolates were identified as ammonia and dimethyl disulfide that were much more effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of R. solani RST-04 and P. aphanidermatum Pa01. The mycelial morphology of R. solani RST-04 and P. aphanidermatum Pa01 treated with dimethyl disulfide and the volatile compounds produced by B. mycoides CHT2402 respectively were observed under scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The hyphal structures of R. solani RST-04 and P. aphanidermatum Pa01 after treatments were malformed and the numbers of the organelles in their hyphal cells significantly decreased. These results demonstrated that dimethyl disulfide, ammonia, and the volatile compounds produced by B. mycoides CHT2402 could be harmful to the mycelia of the pathogens. In the greenhouse, the culture media were individually treated with the culture solutions of B. mycoides CHT2401and CHT2402 grown in soy powder milk. The culture solutions of the Bacillus isolates could increase the plant seedlings biomass of asparagus bean, cabbage, edible rape, lettuce, and tomato compared to the untreated control. Furthermore, the culture solutions of the Bacillus isolates were separately tested for controlling damping-off of cabbage seedlings caused by R. solani RST-04 or P aphanidermatum Pa01. The culture solutions of the two bacterial strains could respectively reduce 28% and 27% disease incidence of cabbage seedlings caused by P. aphanidermatum Pa01, but not significantly reduce the disease incidence of seedlings damping-off caused by R. solani RST-04. The results suggested that B. mycoides isolates CHT2401 and CHT2402 were potential biocontrol agents on controlling damping-off of cabbage seedlings caused by P. aphanidermatum Pa01.
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Dullit, Rex Saleng, and 瑞克斯. "Effect of Bacillus mycoides on Control of Trichoderma Green Mould Disease of Button Mushroom." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75676144393468504058.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>國際農學研究所<br>102<br>Green mould disease, caused by several Trichoderma spp. is a major disease of Agaricus mushroom around the world. In severe cases, green mould infection inhibited the mushroom fruiting formation resulting to no production at all. Control method widely used against green mould is strict hygiene and sanitation within the growing area accompanied by application of commercial chemicals. However, continuous usage of chemical control may lead to the development of resistance of the fungal pathogen. Apart from that, rampant chemical application has adverse effect to the environment and human health. In the present study, soil sample of green mould disease was isolated from an infected growing substrate medium of Agaricus bisporus. After morphological characterization, the isolate was identified as Trichoderma virens. In vitro study of the causal agent of green mould disease showed aggressive growth at 28°C. Fresh mushroom cap of A. bisporus turned brown and decreased in size when artificially infected with 10 ?l of T. virens containing 103 cfu/ml. Same aliquot containing 105 cfu/ml caused green sporulation of the mushroom caps. In this study, the possibility of using bacterial strains as biocontrol agent and as alternative control method was carried out. Under laboratory conditions, thirteen Bacillus mycoides strains including NP02, BM02, RA-01, RA-08, RA-11, GS02, LG-01, NRHG-04, NRCL-03, TSFA-01, TSO-05, WT-15, and WT-16 were evaluated for suppressive effects against T. virens, the identified green mould mushroom pathogen isolated from local mushroom growing substrate. All the tested B. mycoides strains exhibited varied antagonistic effects on mycelial growth of the mushroom pathogen. Among the antagonistic bacterial strains, BM02 was the most effective fungal suppressant. Infection of T. virens was on mushroom cap was reduced upon exposure to BM02. Test revealed that 100 x dilute BM02 greatly reduced the population density of T. virens in an artificially infected casing soil. Application of BM02 suspension in growing media of white fleshed button mushroom (ARI-1H11) increased yield by over 60% whereas the same suspension reduced yield of brown fleshed button mushroom (CTB-10) by 40%. Contrasting result revealed that the effect of B. mycoides in relation to growth and yield of button mushroom depends on the strain level. Nevertheless, field tests confirmed that BMO2 applied on mushroom growing media does not have adverse impact on button mushroom.
Conference papers on the topic "Bacillus mycoides"
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Maltseva, S. V., A. S. Yakubovich, E. R. Gritskevitch, I. E. Buchenkov, and A. G. Sysa. "ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SOILS UNDER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO IONIZING RADIATION IN RELATION TO COLIMORPHOUS BACTERIA." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-299-302.
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This paper presents the results of studies of the antagonistic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus cereus) under prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation in relation to bacteria of the E. coli group. It was found that bacteria of the genus Bacillus exhibit antagonistic activity of varying degrees of severity. It was found that the bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus mycoides showed a high level of antagonistic activity. Low antagonistic activity was characteristic of Bacillus cereus bacteria.
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Piacenza, Elena, Alessandra Bulgarini, Silvia Lampis, Giovanni Vallini, and Raymond J. Turner. "Biogenic SeNPs from Bacillus mycoides SelTE01 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SelTE02: Characterization with reference to their associated organic coating." In NANOINNOVATION 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4997134.
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Najafi, A. R., M. R. Rahimpour, A. H. Jahanmiri, R. Roostaazad, D. Arabian, and M. Soleimani. "Response surface methodology as an approach to optimize growth medium of indigenous strain of Bacillus mycoides for production of biosurfactant." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbee.2010.5650844.
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Dinata, Gallyndra Fatkhu, Luqman Qurata Aini, and Abdul Latief Abadi. "Pengaruh Pemberian Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Indigenous terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum)." In Seminar Nasional Semanis Tani Polije 2021. Politeknik Negeri Jember, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/agropross.2021.231.
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Penelitian Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) banyak dikembangkan untuk menerapkan sistem pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Hasil dari eksplorasi PGPB indigenous di alam seperti UB Forest menambah informasi pengendalian hayati yang ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui isolat PGPB indigenous yang diisolasi dari serasah kopi UB Forest memiliki pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Februari – April 2020 di KabupatenMalang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Penelitian menggunakan seed treatment pada bibit bawang merah sehat varietas Philip tanpa perlakuan inokulasi patogen. Perlakuan yang digunakan antara lain kontrol dan lima isolat PGPB indigenous yaitu Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus mycoides, Clostridium sp., Erwinia sp., dan Pseudomonas sp.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian PGPB indigenous memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman bawang merah. Namun, peningkatan parameter pertumbuhan tersebut tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan jumlah daun dan produksi senyawa ketahanan yaitu enzim peroksida yang dihasilkan pada daun bawang merah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian awal untuk menentukan isolat PGPB indigenous yang selanjutnya akan diuji kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah apabila dilakukan induksi penyakit layu fusarium.