Journal articles: 'Bacillus subtilis metal bioremediation'

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Prasannan, Dijo, and Chellaiah Arunkumar. "Pentafluorophenyl dipyrrin as probe for transition metal ion detection and bioremediation in Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 19 (2017): 11190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj02157g.

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Deborah, S., and J. Sebastin Raj. "Bioremediation of heavy metals from Distilleries Effluent using Microbes." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 1, no. 2 (August 24, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2016.v1i2.21.

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One of the major universal threats is water pollution. The untreated distilleries effluent discharge into the environment creates a serious problem to the living systems. It may contain carcinogenic aromatics amines, dyes, organic and inorganic chemical compounds. The physicochemical characterization of effluent was collected from Trichy Distilleries & Chemicals pvt Ltd, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India and the chemical analyzed in Soil Testing Laboratory, Tiruchirappalli. The effluent was analyzed by different parameters. The physical parameters are BOD, COD, and DO, TDS, pH and electrical conductivity. Heavy metal analysis included Zinc, Lead, Manganese, Arsenic, Iron, Mercury, Copper, Chromium, Cadmium and Nickel. The soil sample was taken from Trichy Distilleries and Chemicals Ltd and analyzed by serial dilution technique. The three microbes such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida, were isolated from soil source. The isolated organism was treated with the effluent for various concentrations in various hours. The metal accumulations were identified in soil test lab, Trichy. The hyper accumulations of metal in microbes were identified. The present study explores the effectiveness of bioremediation has a simultaneous removal of Zinc, Lead, Manganese, Arsenic, Iron, Mercury, Copper, Chromium, Cadmium and Nickel from the distilleries effluent. Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains effectively remove the heavy metal from the distilleries effluent.

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Tanu, FZ, and S. Hoque. "Bacterial Tolerance to Heavy Metal Contents Present in Contaminated and Uncontaminated Soils." Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 29, no. 2 (June 25, 2016): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v29i2.28437.

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Present study dealt with identification of some heavy metal tolerant bacteria from contaminated industrial soils of Dhaka Export Processing Zone (DEPZ) at Savar, tannery area at Hazaribagh and uncontaminated agricultural soils of Dhamrai and Kushtia in Bangladesh and determination of their tolerance to chromium (Cr6+) and cadmium (Cd2+). A total of 15 isolates from four soil samples were provisionally identified as different species of Bacillus, Micrococcus and Pseudomonas based on their morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. Among them eight colonies were separated based on high level of heavy metal tolerance and identified at molecular level by PCR technique and 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Micrococcus luteus strain P43 (E4), Bacillus pocheonensis strain TR2-6 (T6), Bacillus megaterium strain H2 (T8), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain SCSAAB0007 (D10), Bacillus cereus isolate PGBw4 (D11), Bacillus cereus strain ES-4a1 (K12), Bacillus subtilis strain 1320, (K13), and Bacillus subtilis strain DP14 (K14). The Maximum Tolerable Concentration (MTC) of bacterial strains to Cr6+ and Cd2+ ranged between 250-1250 ?g/ml and 30-150 ?g/ml, respectively in nutrient broth medium. From the metal tolerance investigation Bacillus was found as the most heavy metal tolerant to both Cr6+ and Cd2+ among the three genera. The identified heavy metal tolerant bacteria could be useful for the bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated environment.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 2, Dec 2012, pp 56-61

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Sizentcov, Aleksey, Elena Sal’nikova, Elena Barysheva, Yaroslav Sizentcov, and Veronika Sal’nikova. "Biotoxicity of heavy metal salts to Bacillus subtilis and their sorption properties." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015702012.

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The prospect of the use of microorganisms in medical and veterinary practice at the present stage of scientific development has high potential based on natural mechanisms of protection and adaptation of organisms to the effects of adverse factors. The biological adaptation potential of microorganisms to the effects of heavy metals found its practical application in studies of soil and water bioremediation. Based on the above, we set the aim to assess inhibitory characteristics of various heavy metal compounds, the extent of their impact on the growth of populations of probiotic strains Bacillus subtilis, and to study biosorption criteria of the strains. To achieve this aim, we used isolated cultures of probiotic strains B. subtilis 534 and B. subtilis 10641 extracted from drugs Sporobacterin and Vetom 1.1, respectively. Various chemical compounds of iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead with a various anion component were used as growth inhibitors in the study. The criterion for the selection of compounds was a high level of their dissociation in water solutions. Data presented in this work experimentally confirm the capability of using probiotic strains in ecosystems of biological origin. A comparison of two strains of Bacillus subtilis showed a high level of resistance to xenobiotic elements with strain differences in the studied microorganism. The B. subtilis 534 strain revealed a higher level of resistance to compounds with a direct correlation between the inhibitory characteristics of the elements and the level of element sorption from the nutrient substrate.

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Imam, S. S. Ali. "Comparative Study of Heavy Metal Bioremediation in Soil by Bacillus Subtilis and Saccharomyces Cerevisiae." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (January 20, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i47/106911.

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Bhuiyan, Md Arifur Rahman, Tazeen Fatima Khan, Shahjahan Choudhury, and SM Imamul Huq. "Cadmium and lead tolerant bacteria isolated from industrial waste water." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 26, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v26i1.46347.

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An in vitro study was conducted to isolate, identify and characterize heavy metal resistant bacteria from industrial waste water and to determine their tolerance capacity to cadmium and lead. Different morphological, physiological and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the bacterial isolates in the waste water. A total of eight bacterial isolates viz., Staphyllococcus intermedius, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas flavescens and Acinetobacter lwofii were identified from metal polluted tannery and steel industrial areas. Bacterial response to cadmium tolerance was determined by treating them with CdCl2 solution at a rate of 1, 2, 2.5 and 5 μg/ml. In case of lead tolerant bacteria, PbCl2 solution was applied at a rate of 0.05, 0.125, 0.2 and 0.5 μg/ml. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from waste water of steel industries and Bacillus cereus from tannery area was found to be the most tolerant species to the different doses of cadmium and lead. The study indicated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus could be good candidates for the treatment and elimination of heavy metals from industrial waste water. The present study may be helpful to the bioremediation of heavy metals in the contaminated environment. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 26(1): 29-38, 2017 (January)

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Mardiyono, Mardiyono, Sajidan Sajidan, Mohammad Masykuri, and Prabang Setyono. "Bioremediation Using Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Reduce Chromium in Electroplating Liquid Waste." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 16, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v16i2.29730.

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The electroplating industry produces liquid waste containing a small number of heavy metals but is toxic. Wastewater containing chromium (Cr) absorbed into the soil will affect soil fertility. Waste management is needed so that the abiotic and biotic environment is not poisoned by Cr. Bioremediation using bacterial and fungal microbes are applicable to reduce Cr levels in electroplating liquid waste. The purpose of this research was to investigate the reduction level of Cr in electroplating liquid waste through bioremediation using Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Laboratory experiments were conducted using variations in microbial concentrations (102.5 cells ml-1 and 105 cells ml-1), variations in microbial types (Bacillus subtilis bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungi, and mixtures of both microbes), and variations in incubation time (6, 12, and 24 hours). The initial Cr concentration and the results of the bioremediation process were determined by measuring the absorbance and the Cr levels using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Based on experiments, the use of Bacillus subtilis 102.5 cells ml-1 with a 24-hour incubation time reach the highest percentage reduction in Cr (88.96%), followed by 12-hours incubation time (84.73%), and 6-hours incubation time (79.21%). Furthermore, the use of a microbial mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 102.5 cells ml-1 with 6-hours, 12-hours and 24-hours incubation time was able to reduce the levels of Cr respectively by 77.46%; 80.18% and 83.04%. Next, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 105 cells ml-1 with 6-hours, 12-hours, and 24-hours incubation time was able to reduce levels of Cr in a row by 50.17%; 52.35% and 55.63%. The results of this study indicate that the bioremediation process using the microbial Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is proven to reduce the levels of Cr in the electroplating industry wastewater. The highest reduction results were achieved on the use of 24-hour incubation time and the use of Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 102.5 cells ml-1 at 88.96%.

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K, Suchitra. "Reclamation of Abandoned Mine Soil Using Biosurfactant." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37395.

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Abstract: Mining results in enormous land damage, varying the ecosystem of microbial culture and disturbing plant life leading to annihilation of the land. Due to this researcher’s has shifted their focus to alternative methods for the sustainable development. The present study aims at environmental friendly and cost effective technique for the reclamation of abandoned mine soil using bio-surfactant. In the current investigation bio-surfactant was produced using Bacillus Subtilis MTCC no. 1427 on 20% spent wash collected from distillery unit. The mined soil with bio-surfactant was able to minimize heavy metal concentration and the plants grown on this soil were healthy similar to the results of the agricultural soil. Keywords: Mining, Abandoned, Reclamation, Heavy Metals, Re-vegetation, Bioremediation.

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Xiao, Xian, Yan Zhu, Yuexiang Gao, Jing Fu, Yuan Zhao, and Lihua Zhao. "Inoculation of paddy soils with Rhodopseudomonas palustris enhanced heavy metal immobilisation." Plant, Soil and Environment 67, No. 1 (January 11, 2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/355/2020-pse.

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To investigate the effect of microbial inoculum on soil heavy metal immobilisation, pot experiments were conducted with paddy soils contaminated by cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), respectively. The results showed that the inoculation of Rhodopseudomonas palustris was more effective in the immobilisation of Pb and Cd in soils than the composite of R. palustris and Bacillus subtilis. Interestingly, a lower dosage of inoculum immobilised significantly more heavy metals than the higher dosage, potentially due to the competition of bacteria with limited nutrients. The heavy metal contents in rice grains also supported this finding, as less Pb and Cd were accumulated under the lower dosage. However, there were limited effects of microbial inoculations on the immobilisation of Hg and As. In general, our study indicated the effectiveness of R. palustris in immobilising Pb and Cd in soils and highlighted the importance of determining the optimal dosage of inoculum in bioremediation.

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Xiao, Xian, Yan Zhu, Yuexiang Gao, Jing Fu, Yuan Zhao, and Lihua Zhao. "Inoculation of paddy soils with Rhodopseudomonas palustris enhanced heavy metal immobilisation." Plant, Soil and Environment 67, No. 1 (January 11, 2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/355/2020-pse.

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To investigate the effect of microbial inoculum on soil heavy metal immobilisation, pot experiments were conducted with paddy soils contaminated by cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), respectively. The results showed that the inoculation of Rhodopseudomonas palustris was more effective in the immobilisation of Pb and Cd in soils than the composite of R. palustris and Bacillus subtilis. Interestingly, a lower dosage of inoculum immobilised significantly more heavy metals than the higher dosage, potentially due to the competition of bacteria with limited nutrients. The heavy metal contents in rice grains also supported this finding, as less Pb and Cd were accumulated under the lower dosage. However, there were limited effects of microbial inoculations on the immobilisation of Hg and As. In general, our study indicated the effectiveness of R. palustris in immobilising Pb and Cd in soils and highlighted the importance of determining the optimal dosage of inoculum in bioremediation.

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Ilic, Dora, Ivica Dimkic, Hadi Waisi, Panagiotis Gkorezis, Saud Hamidovic, Vera Raicevic, and Blazo Lalevic. "Reduction of hexavalent chromium by Bacillus spp. isolated from heavy metals-polluted soil." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 25, no. 3 (2019): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq180607003i.

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Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), one of the major pollutants from industrial facilities, is very toxic and harmful for human health and environmental quality. Due to the lack of conventional methods, bioremediation was recommended as an environmentally friendly and effective technique. The aim of this paper was the isolation, identification and selection of the microorganisms which are capable of Cr(VI) reduction in vitro. Heavy metal concentration, detected in four soil samples, within and around the former bicycle factory ?Rog? (Republic of Slovenia), was measured using the ICP-OES method. Bacteria were isolated and tested for chromium tolerance using LB agar supplemented with various Cr(VI) concentrations, whilst Cr(VI) reduction and bacterial growth was determined using the LB liquid medium. From 53 bacterial isolates, five of them showed a tolerance of 1000 mg/L of Cr(VI). Those five isolates showed the capability of growth under various Cr(VI) concentrations (50-1000 mg/L). Initial Cr(VI) concentrations ranging from 50 to 100 mg/L were completely reduced by four bacterial isolates, whilst 500 to 1000 mg/L by Bacillus safensis 342-9. Using 16S rDNA and tuf gene sequence analyses, isolates 270-9R and 342-9 were identified as Bacillus safensis, isolates 351-9 and 270-9C as Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis, and 212-9 as Bacillus thuringiensis. These results indicated that these bacteria may be promising tools for remediation of metal-polluted sites.

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Adriano, Joan S., Glenn G. Oyong, Esperanza C. Cabrera, and Jose Isagani B. Janairo. "Screening of Silver-Tolerant Bacteria from a Major Philippine Landfill as Potential Bioremediation Agents." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2018-0032.

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Abstract The field of microbial biotechnology has revolutionized the utilization of microorganisms to overcome the problems of environmental pollutions. The present study aimed to identify silver-tolerant isolates and screen their ability to synthesize silver nanoparticles for possible use as bioremediation agents. Seventeen bacterial isolates from soil collected from the Smokey Mountain landfill in Manila, Philippines, were found to tolerate 0.01 M AgNO3 in the culture medium. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence identified the isolates as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Alcaligenes faecalis, Achromobacter sp. and Ochrobactrum sp. The formation of silver nanoparticles was evident in the change in color of the reaction mixtures, and was detected through UV-VIS spectroscopy with absorbance peaks at 250-300 nm and 400-450 nm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the aggregation of diverse shapes of silver nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 70 to 200 nm. The best silver nanoparticle-synthesizing isolates were Alcaligenes faecalis and Bacillus cereus. The results denote the promising microbial technology application of the 17 silver-tolerant isolates in combating the adverse effects of metals and other pollutants in the environment.

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Dwisandi, Reza Fauzi, Frista Mutiara, Elsa Nurfauziah, and Vita Meylani. "effectiveness of indigenous local microorganisms in degrading hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in Batik liquid waste." Biological Environment and Pollution 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/bioenvipo.v1i1.383.

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The batik industry in Indonesia has an IKM (Small and Medium Industry) scale so that it does not yet have adequate waste treatment. In the long term, waste is disposed of directly into the environment which can damage aquatic ecosystems and harm human health. Textile wastewater has a complementary picture and has a deep color. One of the most dangerous heavy metals contained in textile waste is hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Several ways can be done to reduce hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by bioremediation. Based on the results of the literature review, it shows that the bioremediation agents from single isolate microorganisms that are most effective in degrading chromium with high efficiency are Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most effective consortium servers with constant reduction rates are the consortium of bacteria genus Mesophilobacter, Methylococcus, Agrobacterium, Neisseria, Xanthobacter, Deinococcus, Sporosarcina, and Bacillus by reducing BOD levels by 85.71%. The hexavalent chromium-degrading microorganisms are characterized by the presence of chromate reductase enzymes, mostly gram-negative bacteria, and a high growth rate.

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Jebril, Nadia Mahmoud Tawfiq. "In Vitro Bioremediation: A Development Process of Cadmium and Mercury Removal by Environmental Biotechnologies of UV-Mutated Escherichia coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis 168." Baghdad Science Journal 17, no. 1(Suppl.) (March 18, 2020): 0244. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2020.17.1(suppl.).0244.

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coli K12 and B. subtilis 168 were investigated for their cadmium and mercury tolerance abilities. They were developed by UV mutagenesis technique to increase their tolerances either to cadmium or mercury, and their names then were designated depend on the name and concentration of metals. E. coli K12 Cd3R exhibited bioremediation amount of 6.5 mg Cd/g dry biomass cell. At the same time, its wild-type (E. coli K12 Cd3) was able to remove 5.2 mg Cd/g dry biomass cell in treatment of 17 mg Cd /L within 72 hours of incubation at 37 °C (pH=7) in vitro assays. The results show that E.coli K12 Hg 20 was able to remove 0.050 µg Hg/g dry biomass cell and more removal by its mutant E.coli K12 Hg 20R to 0.060 µg Hg/ g dry biomass cell in the treatment of 0.15 µg Hg /L. On the other hand, B. subtilis168 Cd2 was able to remove the least amount of cadmium (5 mg Cd/ g dry biomass cell) and of mercury (0.045 µg Hg/ g dry biomass cell) under the same conditions were used for E. coli K12. Also, the complete removal of both metals was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showing that the effect of cadmium and mercury on the bacterial mass. Also, the SEM images showed that the removal amounts had relationships in changing the morphology of cells under in vitroassays.

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Chhabra, S. R., Q. He, K. H. Huang, S. P. Gaucher, E. J. Alm, Z. He, M. Z. Hadi, et al. "Global Analysis of Heat Shock Response in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 5 (March 1, 2006): 1817–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.5.1817-1828.2006.

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ABSTRACT Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough belongs to a class of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and is found ubiquitously in nature. Given the importance of SRB-mediated reduction for bioremediation of metal ion contaminants, ongoing research on D. vulgaris has been in the direction of elucidating regulatory mechanisms for this organism under a variety of stress conditions. This work presents a global view of this organism's response to elevated growth temperature using whole-cell transcriptomics and proteomics tools. Transcriptional response (1.7-fold change or greater; Z ≥ 1.5) ranged from 1,135 genes at 15 min to 1,463 genes at 120 min for a temperature up-shift of 13°C from a growth temperature of 37°C for this organism and suggested both direct and indirect modes of heat sensing. Clusters of orthologous group categories that were significantly affected included posttranslational modifications; protein turnover and chaperones (up-regulated); energy production and conversion (down-regulated), nucleotide transport, metabolism (down-regulated), and translation; ribosomal structure; and biogenesis (down-regulated). Analysis of the genome sequence revealed the presence of features of both negative and positive regulation which included the CIRCE element and promoter sequences corresponding to the alternate sigma factors σ32 and σ54. While mechanisms of heat shock control for some genes appeared to coincide with those established for Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, the presence of unique control schemes for several other genes was also evident. Analysis of protein expression levels using differential in-gel electrophoresis suggested good agreement with transcriptional profiles of several heat shock proteins, including DnaK (DVU0811), HtpG (DVU2643), HtrA (DVU1468), and AhpC (DVU2247). The proteomics study also suggested the possibility of posttranslational modifications in the chaperones DnaK, AhpC, GroES (DVU1977), and GroEL (DVU1976) and also several periplasmic ABC transporters.

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Upendar, Ganta, Susmita Dutta, Pinaki Bhattacharya, and Abhishek Dutta. "Bioremediation of methylene blue dye using Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 7 (January 23, 2017): 1572–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.031.

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Methylene blue (MB) commonly found in the textile industry effluent has been chosen as a model dye to investigate bioremediation using Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441. Both free cells and calcium alginate immobilized cells have been used to remove MB from the effluent. The operating variables of initial concentration of dye (20–60 mg/L), inoculum size (4–8%) and temperature (25–35 °C) have been varied judiciously during the kinetic study in a batch contactor. A maximum removal of 91.68% is obtained when 20 mg/L MB solution was inoculated with 8% inoculum and cultured for 6 h at 30 °C. Continuous removal of MB has been studied in a fixed bed contactor using immobilized cells as packing materials. Influent concentration (10–30 mg/L) was varied and breakthrough parameters have been determined. With increase in influent concentration from 10 mg/L to 30 mg/L, percentage removal of dye decreases from 72.44% to 49.62%.

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Moore, Charles M., and John D. Helmann. "Metal ion homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis." Current Opinion in Microbiology 8, no. 2 (April 2005): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2005.02.007.

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Subuntith, Nimrat, Lookchan Somruetai, Boonthai Traimat, and Vuthiphandchai Verapong. "Bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soils by lipopeptide producing Bacillus subtilis SE1." African Journal of Biotechnology 18, no. 23 (June 5, 2019): 494–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2019.16822.

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Setyati, Wilis Ari, Erni Martani, Triyanto, Subagiyo, and Muhammad Zainuddin. "Selection, Identification and Optimization of the Growth Water Probiotic Consortium of Mangrove Ecosystems as Bioremediation and Biocontrol in Shrimp Ponds." Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 17, no. 3 (January 15, 2015): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v17i3.8913.

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Shrimp aquaculture is an activity that potentially generates organic waste. The accumulation of organic matter is becoming one of the main factors causing the emergence of disease. Problem-solving approach that is most effective is through bioremediation. The aims of this study were to select, identify and cultivate bacteria from mangrove sediments from Cilacap, Rembang and Banyuwangi which potentially as probiotic consortium of bioremediation activity and biocontrol. The results showed that total of 45 isolates (proteolytic), 35 isolates (amylolytic), 35 isolates (lipolytic), and 18 isolates (cellulolytic). There were 59 bacterial isolates had antibacterial activity of vibrio (V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. anguilarum). Based on the identification of 16 S-rRNA genes, 4 isolates showed that the C2 isolate was identified as Bacillus subtilis, C11 isolate was identified as Bacillus firmus, C13 and C14 isolates were identified as B. Flexus. This study concluded that cultivation of Bacillus subtilis C2 optimum at 2% molase and yeast extract 0.5% at pH 8 and 30 0C. Bacillus firmus C11 optimum at 2% molase and yeast extract 0.5% at pH 8 and 30 0C. Bacillus flexus C13 optimum at 2% glucose and yeast extract 0.5% at pH 8 and 30 0C. Bacillus flexus C14 optimum at 4% molase and yeast extract 0.25% at pH 8 and 30 0C. The result of culture applications of 4 isolates showed an effect of increasing shrimp weight by 141, 9% compared by the control. Keywords: sediment, mangrove, bioremediation, biocontrol

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Anggraini, Sri Intan, Diana Arfiati, Happy Nursyam, Audina I. Pratiwi, Ekki Windi, and Sofiatul. "Reducing The Concentration of Organic Matter and Proximate of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Culture Medium Using Bacillus Subtilis." Samakia : Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 10, no. 2 (September 19, 2019): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/jsapi.v10i2.313.

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To reduce organic waste in catfish maintenance media (Clarias gariepinus) and waste management wastes a cultivation management technology is needed, one of these technologies is bioremediation using Bacillus subtilis as a bioremediator. This study aims to analyze the parameters of organic matter content including TOM (Total Organic Matter), Protein, Carbohydrates and Fat. The study was conducted in January-February 2019. This study used a factorial completely randomized design (Factorial RAL) with the addition of Bacillus subtilis 4 treatments including controls (K = Control, D1 = 100 ml / L, D2 = 10 ml / L and D3 = 1 ml / L) at 24th, 48th, 72nd, 96th and 120th hours, consisting of three replications. The results obtained from this study indicate that the concentrations of each parameters in treatments D1, D2 and D3 were lower than those of controls, indicating that Bacillus subtilis can reduce organic waste from catfish ponds. The best treatment was W5D2 as bioremediation of catfish organic waste with the remaining TOM 16.23% with an efficiency value of 84%, remaining protein 86.66% with an efficiency value of 13%, remaining carbohydrate 63.91% with an efficiency value of 36% and remaining Fat 52.69% with an efficiency value of 47%.

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Kerovuo, Janne, Ilkka Lappalainen, and Tapani Reinikainen. "The Metal Dependence of Bacillus subtilis Phytase." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 268, no. 2 (February 2000): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.2131.

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Yu, X. M., T. Yu, G. H. Yin, Q. L. Dong, M. An, H. R. Wang, and C. X. Ai. "Glyphosate biodegradation and potential soil bioremediation by Bacillus subtilis strain Bs-15." Genetics and Molecular Research 14, no. 4 (2015): 14717–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.november.18.37.

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Hansson, Mattias D., Mats Lindstam, and Mats Hansson. "Crosstalk between metal ions in Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 11, no. 3 (February 2, 2006): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-006-0080-2.

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de França, Ítalo Waldimiro Lima, Andrea Parente Lima, João Alexandre Monteiro Lemos, Celina Gentil Farias Lemos, Vania Maria Maciel Melo, Hosiberto Batista de Sant’ana, and Luciana Rocha Barros Gonçalves. "Production of a biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis ICA56 aiming bioremediation of impacted soils." Catalysis Today 255 (October 2015): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2015.01.046.

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Inggraini, Maulin. "EFEKTIFITAS PENGIKATAN LOGAM Pb OLEH BAKTERI, Bacillus subtilis." Jurnal Sains Natural 4, no. 2 (December 3, 2017): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v4i2.87.

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Effectiveness of Heavy Metal (Pb) Binding of Bactery Bacillus subtilis The rapid development of technology and industries lead to higher environmental pollution by heavy metals, especially Pb. Reduction of heavy metals is commonly done using chemical and physical approach. Another alternative is biological technique which is more efficient due to its higher metal binding and readily available as materials. Bacillus subtilis was a potential bacterium in reducing heavy metal contamination. This study aimed to determine the B. subtilis binding effectiveness of Pb; to test the bacterial tolerance to Pb at varied concentrations; and to detect the accumulation sites of Pb within B. subtilis. The results showed that B. subtilis was able to bind Pb with the effectiveness percentage of 17.45%. Pb was accumulated in the cell walls.Keyword: Bacillus subtilis, Pb binding ABSTRAK Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan industri menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan yang lebih tinggi dengan logam berat, terutama Pb. Pengurangan logam berat yang biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan kimia dan pendekatan fisik. Alternatif lain adalah teknik biologi yang lebih efisien karena logam yang lebih tinggi mengikat dan tersedia sebagai bahan. Bacillus subtilis adalah bakteri potensial dalam mengurangi kontaminasi logam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeterminasi B. subtilis yang efektivitas mengikat Pb; untuk menguji toleransi bakteri terhadap Pb pada konsentrasi yang bervariasi; dan untuk mendeteksi akumulasi Pb dalam Bacillus subtilis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa B. subtilis mampu mengikat Pb dengan efektivitas persentase 17,45%. Pb terakumulasi dalam dinding sel.Kata Kunci : Bacillus subtilis, pengikatan Pb

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Lecerof, David, Michel N. Fodje, Román Alvarez León, Ulf Olsson, Andreas Hansson, Emma Sigfridsson, Ulf Ryde, Mats Hansson, and Salam Al-Karadaghi. "Metal binding to Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase and interaction between metal sites." JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 8, no. 4 (January 18, 2003): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00775-002-0436-1.

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Cubitto, María A., Ana C. Morán, Marta Commendatore, María N. Chiarello, Mónica D. Baldini, and Faustino Siñeriz. "Effects of Bacillus subtilis O9 biosurfactant on the bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soils." Biodegradation 15, no. 5 (October 2004): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:biod.0000042186.58956.8f.

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Grumbein, S., M. Opitz, and O. Lieleg. "Selected metal ions protect Bacillus subtilis biofilms from erosion." Metallomics 6, no. 8 (April 25, 2014): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4mt00049h.

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Huang, Ke, Chuan Chen, Qirong Shen, Barry P. Rosen, and Fang-Jie Zhao. "Genetically Engineering Bacillus subtilis with a Heat-Resistant Arsenite Methyltransferase for Bioremediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Organic Waste." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 19 (July 17, 2015): 6718–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01535-15.

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ABSTRACTOrganic manures may contain high levels of arsenic (As) due to the use of As-containing growth-promoting substances in animal feed. To develop a bioremediation strategy to remove As from organic waste,Bacillus subtilis168, a bacterial strain which can grow at high temperature but is unable to methylate and volatilize As, was genetically engineered to express the arseniteS-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase gene (CmarsM) from the thermophilic algaCyanidioschyzon merolae. The genetically engineeredB. subtilis168 converted most of the inorganic As in the medium into dimethylarsenate and trimethylarsine oxide within 48 h and volatized substantial amounts of dimethylarsine and trimethylarsine. The rate of As methylation and volatilization increased with temperature from 37 to 50°C. When inoculated into an As-contaminated organic manure composted at 50°C, the modified strain significantly enhanced As volatilization. This study provides a proof of concept of using genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation of As-contaminated organic waste during composting.

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Sakthipriya, N., Mukesh Doble, and Jitendra S. Sangwai. "Bioremediation of Coastal and Marine Pollution due to Crude Oil Using a Microorganism Bacillus subtilis." Procedia Engineering 116 (2015): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.284.

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Manna, Abhijit, and Chinnaiah Amutha. "Comparative Bioremediation of BPA, Industrial Dyes and Cadmium using Trametes versicolor and Bacillus subtilis 1133." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.11.1.60.

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Bezza, Fisseha Andualem, and Evans M. Nkhalambayausi Chirwa. "Production and applications of lipopeptide biosurfactant for bioremediation and oil recovery by Bacillus subtilis CN2." Biochemical Engineering Journal 101 (September 2015): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2015.05.007.

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Santhoshkumar, M., T. Mahakavi, and L. Baskaran. "Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Chlorpyrifos Polluted Soil." International Letters of Natural Sciences 45 (August 2015): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.45.23.

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The present study aimed to isolate and identify the chlorpyrifos resistant soil bacteria from contaminated soils in order to be used for bioremediation of polluted environments. Bacteria were isolated from two cultivated plant root rhizopheric soil of Cocks comb (Celosia cristata) and Marigold (Tagetes erecta).The pesticide was tested at 5 elevated doses,0.5%, 1%, 2%, 2.5% and control. Physiochemical properties of soils, PH, Electrical conductivity, Organic carbon, Organic matter, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, Manganese and Iron were analyzed. Based on morphological and biochemical tests the isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, the organisms can be exploited for bioremediation of chlorpyrifos polluted soil, and their ability to degrade other organophosphates pesticide.

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Çağlayan, Pınar. "Determination of important enzymes and antimicrobial resistances of gram-positive haloalkaliphilic bacteria isolated from Salda Lake." Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.3.14.

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As an extreme environment, soda lakes harbor various haloalkaliphilic microorganisms. Salda Lake is one of the natural soda lake (pH˃9) in Turkey. Haloalkaliphiles are unique microorganisms in their ability to live in high alkaline and high saline conditions, and play an important role in biodegradation and bioremediation of hydrocarbons. Hence, the aims of this study were to isolate haloalkaliphilic bacteria from water sample of Salda Lake, to identify these isolates by both conventional and molecular methods, to screen their industrially important enzymes, and to investigate their antimicrobial resistance profiles. Six isolates were identified as Bacillus horneckiae, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus paramycoides, Bacillus pumilus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus haynesii according to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The industrially important enzymes (amylase, cellulase, pullulanase, lipase, urease, protease, caseinase, oxidase, catalase) were produced by haloalkaliphilic isolates. These enzymes maybe used in alkaline and saline industrial processes. Although Bacillus subtilis was susceptible to all antibiotics, other isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. The resistance against antibiotics were found as ampicillin/sulbactam 83%, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid 83%, ampicillin 67%, mupirocin 67%, chloramphenicol 50%, tetracycline 50%, imipenem 50%, meropenem 50%, cefadroxil 17%. These bacteria may have develope resistance to antibiotics that entering their natural environment in different ways.

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Kimura, Kinuko, and Shigeyoshi Sugano. "Inactivation of Bacillus subtilis Glutamine Synthetase by Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation." Journal of Biochemistry 112, no. 6 (December 1992): 828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123984.

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Yee, Nathan, David A. Fowle, and F. Grant Ferris. "A Donnan potential model for metal sorption onto Bacillus subtilis." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68, no. 18 (September 2004): 3657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.03.018.

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Khare, Satyajeet, Niaz Ahmed, Shailja Pant, and Ram Das. "Characterization and evaluation of heavy metal tolerance of bacterial species from soil of waste area near Riyan steel rolling mills, Muzaffarnagar, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v2i1.103.

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The present study observed a variety of microorganisms from the soil of the waste area near Riyan Steel Rolling Mills , Muzaffarnagar. Among the microorganisms, 10 isolates of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus showed great potential against detrimental heavy metals like Hg, Pb, Zn. Out of these 10 isolates, only 2 isolates of Bacillus subtilis (N1A2, N1P2), one isolates of P. aeruginosa N1A4 and one isolates of S. aureus A1N3 showed tremendous tolerance against various heavy metals. Bacillus subtilis N1A2 showed15x109 cfu/ml in 100μg/ml of HgCl2 whereas B. subtilis N1P2 showed 15x109 cfu/ml in 400μg/ml of zinc acetatate. Similarily Pseudomonas aeruginosa N1A4 showed 11x109 cfu/ml in 150μg/ml of lead acetate. Staphylococcus aureus A1N3 showed great resistance towards 450μg/ml of zinc sulphate and maintain their growth up to 7x109 cfu/ml. strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus on the basis of their morphological, physiological and biochemical and compared with their standard MTCC strains.

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Faggo, A. A., A. H. Kawo, B. H. Gulumbe, and U. J. J. Ijah. "Assessment of Crude Oil Degradation by Mixed Culture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at Different Concentrations." International Journal of Environment 9, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v9i2.32511.

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Petroleum hydrocarbon (PHCs) contamination of soil, freshwater and air is of global concern. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of crude oil degradation by mixed bacterial culture of different crude oil concentrations using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seven oil samples were collected from petroleum-contaminated fields in Kano state, Nigeria, and screened for crude oil utilizing bacteria. A control sample of soil from an ecological garden (control soil) was also analyzed. Crude oil-degrading bacteria were isolated, enumerated and identified using cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics, and screened for their ability to utilize Bonny Light Oil as a source of carbon and energy. Bacteria with the highest potential to utilize crude oil were selected and subjected to bioremediation studies at three different pollution levels (5%, 10% and 15%) for 56 days. The residual crude oil was assessed using GC-MS. The results revealed that the mixed culture completely degraded eighteen components ranging from C10 to C25 at 5% crude oil concentration while only C8 to C11 and C8 to C9 were degraded at 10 and 15% respectively. The results of this study indicated the potential of B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa in bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil.

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Duc, Ha Danh. "Degradation of leaves and cellulose by Bacillus subtilis CL3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa CL5 isolated from left waste dumps in Vietnam." TAP CHI SINH HOC 39, no. 4 (February 5, 2018): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10744.

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The biodegradation capacity of two bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis CL3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa CL5, isolated from left waste dumps on thee different plant leaves were investigated. The leaves were derived from perennial plants, Malabar almond tree (Terminalia catappa), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus terticornis) and African mahogany (Khaya senegalensis). Among those 3 plants, Eucalyptus terticornis is known to be resistant for biodegradation in nature. In our study, B. subtilis CL3 could degrade a half of Eucalyptus terticornis leaves within 10 days. On the other hand, P. aeruginosa CL5 showed relatively poor degradation rate of the leaves of Eucalyptus terticornis, but could effectively degrade Khaya senegalensis and Terminalia catappa leaves than B. subtilis CL3. When these two bacteria strains were mixed, the degradation rates of all these types of leaves were enhanced. While B. subtilis CL3 could utilize 1,8-cineole, a component extracted from Eucalyptus terticornis, as a sole carbon source, this component inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa CL5. The multiple and efficient left degradation capacities make these isolates good candidates for bioremediation of leaf waste and cellulose. Citation: Ha Danh Duc, 2017. Degradation of leaves and cellulose by Bacillus subtilis CL3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa CL5 isolated from left waste dumps in Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 483-488. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10744.*Corresponding author: hadanhduc@gmail.comReceived 5 December 2016, accepted 12 December 2017

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Krom, Bastiaan P., Jessica B. Warner, Wil N. Konings, and Juke S. Lolkema. "Complementary Metal Ion Specificity of the Metal-Citrate Transporters CitM and CitH of Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 22 (November 15, 2000): 6374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.22.6374-6381.2000.

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ABSTRACT Citrate uptake in Bacillus subtilis is stimulated by a wide range of divalent metal ions. The metal ions were separated into two groups based on the expression pattern of the uptake system. The two groups correlated with the metal ion specificity of two homologousB. subtilis secondary citrate transporters, CitM and CitH, upon expression in Escherichia coli. CitM transported citrate in complex with Mg2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Zn2+ but not in complex with Ca2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+. CitH transported citrate in complex with Ca2+, Ba2+, and Sr2+ but not in complex with Mg2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Zn2+. Both transporters did not transport free citrate. Nevertheless, free citrate uptake could be demonstrated in B. subtilis, indicating the expression of at least a third citrate transporter, whose identity is not known. For both the CitM and CitH transporters it was demonstrated that the metal ion promoted citrate uptake and, vice versa, that citrate promoted uptake of the metal ion, indicating that the complex is the transported species. The results indicate that CitM and CitH are secondary transporters that transport complexes of divalent metal ions and citrate but with a complementary metal ion specificity. The potential physiological function of the two transporters is discussed.

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Mohsin, Muhammad Zubair, Rabia Omer, Jiaofang Huang, Ali Mohsin, Meijin Guo, Jiangchao Qian, and Yingping Zhuang. "Advances in engineered Bacillus subtilis biofilms and spores, and their applications in bioremediation, biocatalysis, and biomaterials." Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 6, no. 3 (September 2021): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2021.07.002.

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Oyewole, OA, SS Leh Togi Zobeashia, OE Oladoja, IO Musa, and IT Terhemba. "Isolation of bacteria from diesel contaminated soil for diesel remediation." Journal of Bio-Science 28 (December 28, 2019): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v28i0.44708.

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This study is aimed at isolating bacterial species that inhabit diesel contaminated soil and also screened these isolates for the ability to be used for remediating diesel contaminated environment using their potential to degrade diesel as carbon and energy source. Top soil sample was collected from an ancient diesel-powered generator house in Minna, Nigeria, in a sterilized plastic container while diesel oil was obtained from local petrol bunk. Four bacterial isolates were isolated from the diesel contaminated soil sample and were screened for their ability to degrade diesel using mineral salt medium (MSM). The isolates with highest biodegradation potential were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. The optimum pH (5, 6, 7 and 8) and hydrocarbon concentration (1%, 2%, 5% and 10%) of the isolate was determined by spectrophotometry and the result revealed that the optimum pH for biodegradation of diesel by Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus, was 7 (1.170) and 8 (1.745) respectively while the optimum hydrocarbon concentration degradation for both isolates was 5% (2.22) and 1% (2.37) respectively. The results of this study showed that these isolates were able to degrade diesel and can be useful for large scale bioremediation of diesel contaminated soils. J. bio-sci. 28: 33-41, 2020

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INAOKA, TAKASHI, YOSHINOBU MATSUMURA, and TETSUAKI TSUCHIDO. "Metal-Mediated Control of the Activity of Bacillus subtilis Superoxide Dismutase." Biocontrol Science 4, no. 1 (1999): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4265/bio.4.55.

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Moore, Charles M., Ahmed Gaballa, Monica Hui, Rick W. Ye, and John D. Helmann. "Genetic and physiological responses of Bacillus subtilis to metal ion stress." Molecular Microbiology 57, no. 1 (May 9, 2005): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04642.x.

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Dinh, Т. L., G. R. Akhmetova, D. S. Martykanova, N. L. Rudakova, and М. R. Sharipova. "Influence of Divalent Metal Ions on Biofilm Formation by Bacillus subtilis." BioNanoScience 9, no. 2 (March 23, 2019): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12668-019-00621-3.

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Al-Dhabi, Naif Abdullah, Galal Ali Esmail, and Mariadhas Valan Arasu. "Enhanced Production of Biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis Strain Al-Dhabi-130 under Solid-State Fermentation Using Date Molasses from Saudi Arabia for Bioremediation of Crude-Oil-Contaminated Soils." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 15, 2020): 8446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228446.

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Crude oil and its derivatives are the most important pollutants in natural environments. Bioremediation of crude oil using bacteria has emerged as a green cleanup approach in recent years. In this study, biosurfactant-producing Bacillus subtilis strain Al-Dhabi-130 was isolated from the marine soil sediment. This organism was cultured in solid-state fermentation using agro-residues to produce cost-effective biosurfactants for the bioremediation of crude-oil contaminated environments. Date molasses improved biosurfactant production and were used for further optimization studies. The traditional “one-variable-at-a-time approach”, “two-level full factorial designs”, and a response surface methodology were used to optimize the concentrations of date molasses and nutrient supplements for surfactant production. The optimum bioprocess conditions were 79.3% (v/w) moisture, 34 h incubation period, and 8.3% (v/v) glucose in date molasses. To validate the quadratic model, the production of biosurfactant was performed in triplicate experiments, with yields of 74 mg/g substrate. These findings support the applications of date molasses for the production of biosurfactants by B. subtilis strain Al-Dhabi-130. Analytical experiments revealed that the bacterial strain degraded various aromatic hydrocarbons and n-alkanes within two weeks of culture with 1% crude oil. The crude biosurfactant produced by the B. subtilis strain Al-Dhabi-130 desorbed 89% of applied crude oil from the soil sample. To conclude, biosurfactant-producing bacterial strains can increase emulsification of crude oil and support the degradation of crude oil.

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Pardamean, Mikchaell Alfanov, R. Adharyan Islamy, Veryl Hasan, Endang Yuli Herawati, and Nurul Mutmainnah. "Identification and Physiological Characteristics of Potential Indigenous Bacteria as Bio-Remediation Agent in the Wastewater of Sugar Factory." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-01.

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Wastewater is the remainder of an activity released in the liquid form. Wastewater product is feared to have negative influence on the environmental balance; therefore, it is necessary to measure the quality standards of wastewater as a reference in the disposal and treatment. Bioremediation is an environmentally friendly technology utilizing microorganisms as agents in the process of cleaning or restoring wastewater conditions. The use of microorganism services can reduce the concentration of organic waste into simpler organic compounds by converting organic compounds into CO2, CH4, H2, and H2S, as well as water and energy intended for the process of growth and production of microorganisms in the remediation process. This study aims to identify the type of dominant bacteria growing in the wastewater of the sugar factory and has a potential role as a bioremediation agent for the waste. The method used in this study is the experimental, by observing several environmental parameters as indicators, among others, BOD, COD,TSS, and pH. The results of this study found two types of dominant bacteria, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, then used as bioremediation agents. The bioremediation activity was able to reduce pH, BOD, and COD levels.

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Wang, Chun Lei, Min Zhao, Xing Dong Wei, Tai Lun Li, and Lei Lu. "Characteristics of Spore-Bound Laccase from Bacillus subtilis WD23 and its Use in Dye Decolorization." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.226.

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Treatment of xenobiotic compounds such as textile dyes with bacterial laccases is limited to the acid pH range and moderate temperatures. A bacterial strain, designated as WD23, was isolated from forest soil using Luria-Bertani medium supplemented with 0.4 mmol/L Cu2+. The isolated strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis by physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Here we charactered the spore-bound laccase of B. subtilis WD23 and used the laccase to decolorize dyes. The spores of the strain showed laccase-like activity, oxidizing syringaldazine, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate acid)(ABTS). The optimum pH and temperature for the spore-bound laccase were 6.8 and 60°C, respectively. It also showed higher stabilities over a broad pH range, the pH half-life was more than 6 months at pH 6.8. The spore laccase could efficiently decolorize 50~90% of anthraquinone and azo dyes in 24 h. The spore laccase can play an important role in bioremediation.

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Xu, Chun Hong, Chun Yan Li, Ming Hua Xiong, Jun Bo Pan, Xue Song Li, and Xiao Song Cheng. "Study on Combination and Bioremediation of Chlorimuron-Ethyl-Degrading Strains." Advanced Materials Research 340 (September 2011): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.215.

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The degradation capacity of the four chlorimuron-ethyl-degrading strains, D310-1, LCY-2, LCY-3 and LCY-4, which identified asRhodococcussp.,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia sp,Bacillus subtilis sp., andRhodotorula mucilaginosasp., respectively, combined in different ways was examined in this study. Then the optimal degradation conditions and mitigation phytotoxicity of chlorimuron-ethyl on sensitive crop were investigated by both orthogonal test and pot culture experiment. The experimental results showed that the combination of four strains was adopted, and the removal rate of chlorimuron-ethyl reached the maximum of 90% in 30 days. Then the optimal degradation conditions were inoculum size 2.5%, temperature 28°C, pH 7.0 and the soil moisture 35%, and the mixed strains could eradicate 92.57% of chlorimuron-ethyl within 30 days. Furthermore pot culture experiment indicated that inoculation of mixed strains could also mitigate the phytotoxic effects of chlorimuron-ethyl on the growth of cucumber seedling.

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COLOMER-PALLAS, Anne, Yannick PEREIRA, Marie-Françoise PETIT-GLATRON, and Régis CHAMBERT. "Calcium triggers the refolding of Bacillus subtilis chitosanase." Biochemical Journal 369, no. 3 (February 1, 2003): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20021459.

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We characterized the reversible folding—unfolding transition of Bacillus subtilis exocellular chitosanase from either thermal or urea denaturation of the protein. The transitions were monitored in each case by intrinsic fluorescence changes and resistance to proteolysis. Unfolding and refolding kinetics and differential scanning calorimetry analysis suggested a two-state equilibrium. The equilibrium between the folded and unfolded states was rapidly displaced towards the folded state in the presence of a low concentration of calcium (2—20mM). The binding titration curve indicated that chitosanase possesses one weak Ca2+-binding site (with an equilibrium affinity constant, KA, of 0.3×103M-1). These results support the hypothesis that this metal ion, which is accumulated in the cell wall environment of B. subtilis, is an effector that influences folding and stability of newly translocated proteins.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bacillus subtilis metal bioremediation'

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