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Journal articles on the topic 'Back-EMF zero crossing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Wang, Hui. "BLDC Motor Sensorless Control System Based on ADSP-BF548." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1253.

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In this thesis , the control strategy based on sensorless BLDCM(Brushless DC Motor) has been researched.A control system for BLDCM operating on ADSP-BF548 has been given. we focus on studying the control strategy of sensorless BLDC motor based on back-EMF detection, and present a control system for BLDC motor based on ADSP-BF548 special for motor control. The calculation method of back EMF in BLDC motor was deduced and the hardware circuit of line voltage detecting was designed. A pre-position starting tactics based on back EMF detection and a tactics of phase converting by postponing back-emf

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2

Zhao, Xian Kun. "Back-EMF Zero-Crossing Rotor Position Detection Control of BLDC Motors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.643.

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To compare the similarities and differences between BLDCs and PMSMs firstly, then to present the theory of back-EMF zero-crossing rotor position detection. To propose the control scheme using 56F8013 based on back-EMF method. Finally investigate the research prospect of BLDCS.

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3

Wang, Li Huo, Wei Yao, and Wei Zhang. "A Fridge Compressor Control System Based on MC56F8013." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6019.

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This paper describes Freescale company’s DSP device MC56F8013 implementation of a fridge compressor control system about BLDC motors without position sensors, which includes motor starting and back EMF running. The motor start-up detects the variation of rotor position according to inductance of stator core. Then when the rotor is accelerated to a certain speed, EMF mode is switched. The EMF mode estimates the rotor position by back EMF zero-crossing detection method. The experiment results prove that the proposed system based on MC56F8013 can work normally and efficiently, and guarantee the d

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4

Thakur, Anant. "Improvement of Back EMF & Minimization of Torque Ripple of BLDC Motor." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 5, no. 8 (2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v5i8.220.

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In Brushless DC (BLDC) motor minimized the torque ripple with the help of electronically based commutators. When torque ripple is minimizes then copper loss is also minimizes. In this paper, our main aspect to decrease the torque ripples & improved the back emf of brushless dc (BLDC) motor. This paper shows that the torque produced by the BLDC motors with trapezoidal Back EMF is constant under ideal condition. Due to freewheeling torque ripples are produced which is reduced. In this paper rotor position is determined by the Zero Crossing Detection (ZCD) of back emf. Unlike old methods of c

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5

Kaliappan, E., and C. Chellamuthu. "Modeling, simulation and experimental analysis of permanent magnet brushless DC motors for sensorless operation." Archives of Electrical Engineering 61, no. 4 (2012): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10171-012-0039-6.

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Abstract This paper presents a simplified modeling, simulation and Experimental analysis of permanent magnet brushless dc motors (PMBLDC) for sensorless operation. This model provides a mechanism for monitoring and controlling of voltage, current, speed and torque. The sensorless scheme employs direct back emf based zero crossing detection for controlling the dynamic characteristics.

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Cao, Yan Ling, and Ping Cao. "The Development of Initial Position End-of-Line Test System for PMSM." Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (December 2014): 995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1061-1062.995.

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The resolver is widely used in the production applications due to the robust mounting and high accuracy at full range. However, the mounting accuracy of such sensors will significantly limit the torque accuracy and performance if the initial positions are not calibrated at the end-of-line (EOL) test. An initial position EOL test system is designed base on the production requirements. A simple initial position measurement method is introduced and applied to the PMSM motor, which measures the back EMF and the North mark (NM) signal of the resolver. The time difference between the back EMF zero c

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7

Chen, Chang Chun, Jia Dan Wei, Bo Zhou, and Guo Sheng Li. "A Novel Speed Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motor in Position Servo System." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 4424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.4424.

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Zero crossing points of Back-Electromotive force (EMF) is the most mature and widely used method of the speed sensorless control of brushless DC motor (BLDCM). However, with the poor performance from standstill to low speed, it is not suitable for the position servo system. Therefore, this paper first analyzes several conventional speed sensorless control schemes in the BLDCM, then presents a novel control algorithms for the BLDCM. In the proposed method, the short pulse sensing method for the rotor position in the Start-Up process and self-synchronization with zero cross points of back-EMF ar

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8

Mrs., Babita, and Jitendra Singh Bhadoriya Mr. "A NOVEL APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE CHARACTERISTIC OF A SENSORLESS BLDC MOTOR USING CONTROL STRATEGY." International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Scientific Research, Vol.4,, Issue 2, Feb-Apr-2017, (2017): pp 31–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.570108.

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This Research work represent an improved direct back EMF detection method .It is desirable in any kind of machine to use a method which is less dependable on the sensors and complex circuits, so in this paper a sensor less method is used to commutate and trigger the inverter connected to BLDC motor. A low pass filter arrangement with comparator is used for detection of back EMF with hall effect sensors. Hall effect signals gives the information of the operations in the BLDC motor in this work hall effect signals are used for the gate pulses for the inverter. In this research work rotor positio

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Mrs., Babita1, and Jitendra Singh Bhadoriya2 Mr. "A NOVEL APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE CHARACTERISTIC OF A SENSORLESS BLDC MOTOR USING CONTROL STRATEGY." International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Scientific Research 4, no. 2 (2017): 31–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10774888.

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<strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>                                This Research work represent an improved direct back EMF detection method .It is desirable in any kind of machine to use a method which is less dependable on the sensors and complex circuits, so in this paper a sensor less method is used to commutate and trigger the inverter connected to BLDC motor. A low pass filter arrangement with comparator is used for detection of back EM

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10

Peng, Er Bao, Hong Ge Zhang, and Hong Ying Wang. "Research of the Measurement Technique for the DC Motor Sensorless Control." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 1003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.1003.

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Back-EMF zero-crossing detection can detect motor rotor position. The motor start-up problem of sensorless detection technique motor is researched. A novel three-stage start-up method is proposed to solve the problem. And it can ensure Security and reliability of motor start-up and controllability of motor rotation. There is actual theoretical basis for implementing measurement control system for the DC motor sensorless control.

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11

Cao, Ling Zhi, and Sheng Hao Yang. "Novel Strategy for BLDC Motor Rotor Position Detection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 772 (July 2015): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.772.365.

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The detection of rotor position plays an important role in the motor speed-adjustment system. By analyzing the back-EMF method and its improved methods, we know the amplitude of back-EMF is too small to be detected when the motor run at low speed. A new detection method of rotor position has been proposed in this paper. It detects the zero crossing point of line terminal voltage difference to acquire the rotor position signal after a 90 degrees mechanical angle delay. The amplitude of line terminal voltage difference is large in wide speed range, so the rotor position signal can be accurately

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12

Zhu, Yong, Kai Ping Feng, and Yun Fei Wu. "Control System of Sensorless BLDCM Based on F28335." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.843.

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Brushless DC motor Sensorless control is the future development trend, Based on TI Companys DSP chip TMS320F28335 type of brushless dc motor without position sensor control system designed in this paper, Its basic structure and working principle are introduced. The position detector of the brushless DC motor use back EMF zero-crossing detection method. The test results show that the system has good dynamic and static characteristics, the reliability of the motor running.

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13

Zhang, Zi Kuan. "Modeling and Simulation of Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor Based on Submersible Pump." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.786.

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In this paper, modeling selects sensorless control of permanent magnet brushless DC motor in terms of work condition of submersible pump under water. Motor reduced by Hall sensor so that maintenance. Motor was controlled by state space and back EMF zero-crossing in Matlab/Simulink, and constitute total simulation system along with the other modules. Eventually, motor character was estimated in accordance with waveforms of simulation, which offers foundation for the design of actual motor control system.

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14

Saravanakumar, M., Mannan M.B Adhithya, and R. |. Gurusamy M. Vinothini. "Modeling and Simulation of Cost Effective Sensor Less BLDC Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle Applications." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 1 (2018): 707–10. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18952.

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This proposed paper is to model and simulate the sensor less control of Brushless DC motor with four switch three phase inverter. Here, a new structure of three phase inverter with reduced number of switches i.e. four switch for BLDC drive is introduced to reduce the switching losses that occur in the six switch method and eliminate the mechanical commutation. Conventionally used hall sensors for position detection increase the size of the motor and are temperature sensitive since they are mounted inside. So sensor is eliminated and the back emf method is adopted for switching. The zero crossi

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15

Zhu, Jian Guang, Kai Jiang, and Hao Zheng. "Research on Sensorless Control System of BLDCM Based on TMS320F2812." Advanced Materials Research 580 (October 2012): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.580.301.

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An electronic control system for sensorless BLDCM is proposed. Normally, the back-emf signal has coupling noise from the PWM signal which is used to vary the speed of the motor. So it is difficult to detect the zero-crossing point accurately when the motor work at low speed. In order to improve the controllability of BLDCM at low speed, a new algorithm is presented. The control system is implemented from both hardware and software parts. And the experiments verified the good control performance and dynamic characteristics of the system.

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16

Shoby, Niba, Deepika Vasanthakumar, and Anupama P K. "Speed Control Using Fuzzy Controller for a Four Switch Sensorless BLDC Motor." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (2020): 1668–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug689.

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- Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors are highly efficient motors with high reliability and a longer life span. The advent of sensor less technology has improved the performance and reliability of BLDC motor drives. This work is to analyze a drive system for BLDC motor with Four-Switch Three-Phase Inverter (FSTPI). Back Electromotive Force (EMF) Zero Crossing Detection (ZCD) method is used to estimate the rotor position. Speed control of motor is achieved by using Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) based closed loop control system. The Simulation was carried out using MATLAB software and motor th

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17

Liang, Yu Hong, Hai Bo Huang, Deng Liang Cheng, and Jian Ping Lan. "Research and Realization on Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.183.

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Brushless DC Motor is a kind of a new motor which commutation signals replaces traditional motor mechanical structure with electronic signals. Square wave brushless DC motor can be divided into sensor motor and sensorless motor. Position sensor will increase system cost, motor size and maintenance difficulty, which bring about limitation and limits to promote its application in all areas. This project designs sensorless BLDC Motor control system with the core of the stm32 micro-controller and uses Back-EMF zero-crossing detection method. In the system designing software control algorithm, draw

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18

Xia, Changliang, and Xinmin Li. "Z-Source Inverter-Based Approach to the Zero-Crossing Point Detection of Back EMF for Sensorless Brushless DC Motor." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 30, no. 3 (2015): 1488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2014.2317708.

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19

Quan Jiang, Chao Bi, and Ruoyu Huang. "A new phase-delay-free method to detect back EMF zero-crossing points for sensorless control of spindle motors." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 41, no. 7 (2005): 2287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2005.851841.

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20

Lai, Yen-Shin, and Yong-Kai Lin. "A Unified Approach to Zero-Crossing Point Detection of Back EMF for Brushless DC Motor Drives without Current and Hall Sensors." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 26, no. 6 (2011): 1704–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2010.2081379.

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21

Damodharan, P., and Krishna Vasudevan. "Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Drive Based on the Zero-Crossing Detection of Back Electromotive Force (EMF) From the Line Voltage Difference." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 25, no. 3 (2010): 661–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2041781.

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22

Karnavas, Yannis L., Anestis S. Topalidis та Maria Drakaki. "Development and Implementation of a Low Cost μC- Based Brushless DC Motor Sensorless Controller: A Practical Analysis of Hardware and Software Aspects". Electronics 8, № 12 (2019): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121456.

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The ongoing technological advancements of brushless DC motors (BLDCMs) have found a wide range of applications. For instance, ground-based electric vehicles, aerial drones and underwater scooters have already adopted high-performance BLDCMs. Nevertheless their adoption demands control systems to monitor torque, speed and other performance characteristics. Precise design structure and the particular motor functional characteristics are essential for the suitable configuration and implementation of an appropriate controller to suit a wide range of applications. Techniques which do not use Hall s

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23

Wang, Hengqiang, Guangming Zhang, and Xiaojun Liu. "Sensorless Control of Surface-Mount Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on an Adaptive Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Observer." Mathematics 12, no. 13 (2024): 2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12132029.

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The Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) is widely used for the sensorless control of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) due to its simple structure and strong parameter robustness. However, traditional SMOs have a limited speed range and suffer from chattering issues, which affect the accuracy of rotor position estimation. To address these problems, this paper proposes an Adaptive Super-Twisting SMO (AST-SMO) method. First, a fast super-twisting function is designed to resolve the step problem that occurs at the zero-crossing of the traditional sign function. Next, an adaptive-tracking high-o

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24

Yu, Hsing Cheng, Chih Chiang Wang, Chau Shin Jang, Wen Yang Peng, and T. S. Liu. "Blowers of Vacuum Cleaners Utilizing Coreless and Sensorless Axial-Flux Motors with Edge-Wire Coils." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1770–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1770.

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Axial-flux motors (AFM) generally have higher torque and power densities, smaller volume and weight, larger diameter to length ratio, and compact construction for the same power level than radial-flux motors (RFM). Hence, AFM are attractive alternative to conventional RFM for applying in low torque and speed servo control systems. Additionally, magnetic Hall-effect sensors and commutation circuits are unsuitable for environment with high temperature and restricted space, so sensorless driving control method of AFM by detecting zero-crossing of back-EMF signals has been achieved. Furthermore, c

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25

"Modeling and Simulation of Indirect Back EMF Detection Based Sensor Less Operation of PMBLDC Motor Drive." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 1 (2019): 3857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a9845.109119.

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This paper represents advance techniques of speed control by using MATLAB simulation and FPGA controller to controlled speed of PMBLDC motor require rotor position sensing. To achieve sensor-less speed control of this motor use zero crossing detection method and FPGA controller with hardware set-up is adopted by replacing hall effect sensor which is used to sense the position of rotor. For back EMF detection zero crossing detection method is used. Hence, It is most preferable technique because sensor is not used then cost is effective and it is efficient for size reduction and maintenance.

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"Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor using Flux Linkage Based Algorithm." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 6 (2019): 1549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.f8158.088619.

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The performance of Conventional sensorless back-emf detection techniques for BLDC Motor is poor at low speeds, since at zero and low speeds the magnitude of back-emf is very less. This causes failure of zero crossing instant detection. This paper presents a new Sensorless Control Technique for BLDC motor drive to estimate the rotor position accurately even at zero and low speeds. A new algorithm has been developed to estimate the rotor position based on the prediction of stator flux linkages. The main advantage of the proposed technique is that the flux linkages are independent of the speed. F

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27

Abbes, Mohamed, and Souad Chebbi. "Sensorless Control Strategy for BLDC Motors Based on a Type-3 Phase Locked Loop." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 31, no. 04 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126622500670.

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This paper presents the design procedure of a high-performance sensorless control strategy for the widely used brushless DC (BLDC) motors. Generally, conventional sensorless techniques are based on detecting the zero-crossing instants (ZCP) of the back electromotives forces (back-EMFs) of the three phases. These methods, although widely adopted and marketed on an industrial level, involve many limitations such as filtering delays, difficulty to operate at low speeds and immunity against Electromagnetic Interferences (EMI). In this paper, the main objective is to develop a sensorless control te

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28

-, Navinder Singh, Shreyas Dherange -, and Y. S. Rao -. "Designing a Solar-Powered System For Submerged 3HP BLDC Motor." International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 7, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i02.38488.

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Solar energy is abundantly available in the Indian subcontinent. To extract maximum power from solar panels there are effective methods and technologies that can be applied. This study deals with a position sensorless brushless DC (BLDC) motor-driven solar photovoltaic (PV) fed water pump. A technique based on the back electromotive force (back-EMF) zero crossing is proposed for sensorless operation of the BLDC motor. The back-EMF is derived from the difference of line voltages. Thus, a requirement of neutral potential is eliminated. In addition, the proposed drive avoids the use of phase curr

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29

Nabiya, Ellahi. "Estimation of Speed and Rotor Position of Brushless Dc Motor by Application of Extended Kalman Filter." July 11, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8134340.

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This research basically focuses on a technique to estimate speed and rotor position with enhanced performance. For this purpose numerous techniques including Sensorless methods were taken into account and new developments were also made. Some advanced methods were also introduced for this purpose along with their associated merits and demerits. This research includes detailed study of all the methods which can be used for the purpose of speed and rotor position estimation including back-EMF sensing method which was an obsolete technique. Some other methods which can be used for this purpose ar

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30

Mahalingam, Karthika, and Nisha Kandencheri Chellaiah Ramji. "Torque Ripple Minimization Technique of Position Sensorless BLDC Motor for Variable Speed Drives." Distributed Generation & Alternative Energy Journal, May 18, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3848.

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Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors are advantageous because of their higher efficiency, higher speed operations and higher power density. Industrial applications demand BLDC motors free from torque ripple. The torque ripple is due to the unequal commutation period between the energised phase and unenergized phase current. It is a perilous problem in sensorless BLDC drive as it leads to speed oscillations, acoustic noise, serious faults, and vibration in machines. The torque ripple can be reduced either by improving motor design parameter or by improving the motor control strategy. This pap

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31

KMM, Tarakesh, Kavya L, Bharathi B, et al. "Renewable Energy Resources Integration for EV Applications Using Sensor less Control and Regenerative Braking." International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management III, no. 09 (2024). https://doi.org/10.59544/covc4406/ijatemv03i09p1.

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This article introduces an innovative controller and motor architecture designed for an e rickshaw powered by Renewable Energy Sources (RES). In the absence of Hall effect sensors, brushless DC (BLDC) motor drives often experience commutation delays across both low and high speeds. Traditional control methods are limited by the small magnitude of back EMF, making them less effective. The proposed sensorless control strategy addresses this by implementing commutation error correction, enabling full range motor operation. For cost effective EV applications, a simple commutation error compensatio

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32

Inan, Remzi. "An Improved Model Predictive Current Control of BLDC Motor With a Novel Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter–Based Back EMF Estimator and a New Commutation Duration Approach for Electrical Vehicle." International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, December 23, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.4407.

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ABSTRACTAs a result of the increasing use of electric vehicles, ensuring high‐performance speed and torque control of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors has become of great importance for energy efficiency. In order to prevent the torque ripple of the finite control set model predictive current control (FCS‐MPCC), commutation moments are detected by Hall effect sensors in conventional methods. However, this method cannot exhibit a long‐life structure because of physical strain damaging the sensors and electrical connections. In this study, commutation moments and durations are captured and

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33

Soni, Umesh Kumar, and Ramesh Kumar Tripathi. "Recent Challenges and Advances in the Sensorless Commutation of Brushless DC Motors." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13 (August 25, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096513999200825105724.

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Background: Brushless DC motors are highly efficient motors due to its high torque to weight ratio, compact design, high speed operating capability and higher power density. Conventional Hall sensor based rotor position sensing is affected by the heating, vibration, interference and noise. Objective: The innovative, cost effective and easily implementable sensorless techniques are essential in order to achieve high efficiency, reduced current and reduced torque pulsations. Further, a delay free, high load fast startup is also important issue. Methods: In this paper an extensive review of vario

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34

Srivastava, R. K., S. K. Singh, Ankita Dwivedi, and Srikanth Gollapudi. "PM ENHANCED SENSING OF INTERNAL EMF VARIATION- A TOOL TO STUDY PMBLDC/AC MOTORS." International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems 6, no. 4 (2013). https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2017-599.

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The search for replacement of commutator and brushes in conventional DC motors by electronic commutator has resulted in a class of Permanent Magnet Brush Less (PMBL) motors. The operation of PMBL motor requires synchronization of coil currents with the instantaneous rotor position. The applied voltages of higher magnitudes must have same zero crossings as that of speed induced back EMF of the respective stator windings. The complexity of rotor position detection in PMBL motor is overcome by obtaining a replica of stator induced EMF using additional auxiliary stator and rotor. The auxiliary sta

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