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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Back to the Future 2 and 3

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Academic literature on the topic 'Back to the Future 2 and 3'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Back to the Future 2 and 3"

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Meuzelaar, Henk L. C. "Editorial: Back to the future." Field Analytical Chemistry & Technology 1, no. 1 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6521(1996)1:1<1::aid-fact1>3.0.co;2-3.

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Millard, J., J. Havlíček, I. Tichá, and J. Hron. "Strategies for the future eGovernment." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 1 (February 24, 2012): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5162-agricecon.

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The paper provides some of the interim results of the Fifth Framework PRISMA project dealing with the of impact ICT on government and citizen services in Europe. The analysis and the concept description of long-term strategies for eGovernment and a long-term vision over 10 years for eGovernment are described. Activities performed by the government are analysed from the demand (“front office”) and supply (“back office”) point of view. Recommendations for long-term strategic decisions are based on three scenarios of the future European development till 2010: (1) “Prosperous and just Europe”, (2) “Turbulent world”, (3) “Recession and reorientation”.

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Shcherbakova, Natalia, and Shane Desselle. "Looking Back at US Pharmacy’s Past to Help Discern Its Future." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 54, no. 9 (March 1, 2020): 907–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028020911085.

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Objective: To review specific literature that aimed to predict the future of US pharmacy, beginning in the late 1980s. Data Sources: Articles were identified from searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and references of relevant articles. The following combinations of search terms were used: future, pharmacy, prediction, and forecast. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The following inclusion criteria were applied: (1) full-text commentary, review, or original research and (2) focused predominantly on the pharmacy in the United States. Data on predictions for the future of pharmacy were extracted. Data Synthesis: We selected 3 articles published between 1988 and 2006, with each aiming to project the future for the following decade. We examined each prediction in light of the current knowledge. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Educators, practitioners, and other stakeholders should consider reflecting on the changes in pharmacy for the past 3 decades and applying both historical and emerging trends to improve patient care and sustain practice in the third decade of the 21st century and beyond. Conclusion: Most of the predictions for the future of pharmacy from the past 3 decades materialized, with some still in progress (reimbursement for pharmacy services), whereas others manifested in unexpected ways (transition from shortage to excess of pharmacists). Current forces shaping pharmacy include, but are not limited to, growing spending and use of specialty drugs, automation of pharmacy operations, growth of pharmacy in the digital health enterprise, and growing consumer interest in the use of analytical pharmacy that tests drugs before dispensing.

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Bell, Wendell. "The Sociology of the Future and the Future of Sociology." Sociological Perspectives 39, no. 1 (March 1996): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389342.

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Drawing on futures studies for possible future directions of Sociology, I make eight proposals designed to enhance Sociology as an action and policy science: (1) Replace postmodern beliefs with critical realism as a theory of knowledge, thereby avoiding the self-defeating consequences of extreme subjectivism and relativism. (2) Since sound decision making invites knowing the probable future consequences of contemplated actions, give more attention to prediction and the study of self-altering prophecies. (3) Bring moral discourse back into Sociology— explicitly, rigorously, critically, and objectively—focusing on achieving freedom and well-being for human beings. Think (4) globally and (5) holistically, even when working locally. (6) Take the meaning of time seriously and explore the real, though sometimes hidden, alternative present possibilities for the not-yet-evidential future. (7) View people as active agents who strive to create the futures that they want. And (8) in defining society, emphasize expectation, choice, and decision as people, through historical actions, construct society by attempting to transform their images of desirable futures into social realities.

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Danson, Mike. "Back to the Future? Enterprise Zones Mark 2 or 3? Lessons from the 1980's-90's and from Scotland." Regions Magazine 291, no. 1 (August 6, 2013): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13673882.2013.10739978.

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Karpen, Ingo, and Carolin Plewa. "From Muso to Academic and Back: A Time and Person-Based Acknowledgement of Michael Kleinaltenkamp." Journal of Service Management Research 4, no. 2-3 (2020): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/2511-8676-2020-2-3-75.

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The year 2020 sees an important milestone for Professor Michael Kleinaltenkamp (Michael hereafter), as he concludes his official academic working life. This paper acknowledges the significant contribution Michael has made over the years. In particular, using Leximancer to undertake textmining of Michael’s English language publications, we not only uncover the underlying structure of these contributions but also explore if and how focal themes of his research have changed, particularly considering his close engagement with the Australasian academic marketing community. Findings indicate foundational facets and the overall gestalt of his research over time, yet also point to important differences across the time periods analysed. Finally, we reflect on our findings from a musical perspective, drawing on Michael’s passion for music, as we thank him for the many jams and the rehearsing, aswell as for his support for the bands and scenes he belongs to. For future research, it should be noted that future acknowledgements would benefit from cooking as a metaphor to complete the picture.

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Beutler, Larry E. "“Back to the future” in clinical psychology: Introduction to the first millennial issue." Journal of Clinical Psychology 56, no. 3 (March 2000): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(200003)56:3<253::aid-jclp1>3.0.co;2-h.

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Cerchione, Roberto, Piera Centobelli, Pierluigi Zerbino, and Amitabh Anand. "Back to the future of Knowledge Management Systems off the beaten paths." Management Decision 58, no. 9 (September 14, 2020): 1953–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2019-1601.

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PurposeThe evolution of Knowledge-Management (KM)-related literature has highlighted that Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs) have undergone massive changes in collaborative environments. Information-Systems-enabled KM seems to be the necessary response to the recent challenges posed by globalisation and technology dynamics to both large companies (LCs) and small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides a systematic review about KMSs to offer an analytical overview of their role in supporting innovative forms of knowledge translation occurring in collaborative relationships. A sample of 129 papers was selected and analysed according to three perspectives: unit of analysis (LCs, SMEs), phases of the KM process (adoption, translation) and topic area (KM Practices, KM Tools, KMSs).FindingsThe findings highlight five literature gaps: (1) the role of KM practices supporting knowledge translation; (2) the impact of the alignment among KM practices, firm's complexity, dimension and culture on KM process; (3) the effect of KM tools on knowledge translation; (4) the variety of KMSs exploited in both LCs and SMEs; and (5) the alignment between organisational structure and information systems in KM context. Accordingly, 13 research questions were formulated.Originality/valueThe proposed research questions define a formal research agenda that could steer further research efforts about the KMS topic for improving the body of knowledge in the KM field. Scientific literature is currently lacking a contribution assessing the role of KMSs in supporting innovative forms of knowledge translation that occur in collaborative relationships.

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Coleman, Major G. "Reading and Leading: Interviews With RBPE Editors About the Past and the Future of the Review." Review of Black Political Economy 47, no. 2 (June 2020): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644620926515.

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The Review of Black Political Economy has been a leader on issues of race and economics, politics, sociology and area studies. After half a century of shaping minds, critical ideas and arguments, the time has come to look back and ask the editors of the Review what they saw when they were at the helm, and what they see ahead. While all their views are different, common themes emerged: 1. The need to embrace new technologies, 2. Making the Review the first pick for top scholars, 3. Relevancy in the post-civil rights era, and 4. Finance for the 21st century.

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Drucker, A. G., S. J. Hiemstra, N. Louwaars, J. K. Oldenbroek, M. W. Tvedt, I. Hoffmann, K. Awgichew, S. Abegaz Kehedé, P. N. Bhat, and A. da Silva Manante. "Back to the future. How scenarios of future globalisation, biotechnology, disease and climate change can inform present animal genetic resources policy development." Animal Genetic Resources Information 41 (April 2007): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900002352.

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SummaryWith the aim of assessing how exchange practices regarding Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (AnGR) affect the various stakeholders in the livestock sector and to identify policies and regulatory options that could guide the global exchange, use and conservation of AnGR, an exploration of future scenarios was used as a complementary approach to reviewing the current situation, as well as to identify stakeholders’ views on AnGR policy development.Four 2050 future scenarios were developed and included:1. Globalization and regionalization.2. Biotechnology development.3. Climate change and environmental degradation.4. Diseases and disasters.Having developed the scenarios, these were then used as an input point for a wide range of stakeholder consultations.The findings show that such an approach has been a useful analytical tool. The ‘far’ future perspective appeared to make people less defensive, especially in a situation where current exchange problems were not yet particularly visible or well documented. Many interviewees broadly considered that it was not a question of ‘if’ the scenarios would happen, but rather a question of ‘when’. This implies that we might do well to consider the need to respond to future challenges through the proactive development of new policies or regulations. Such a finding is partly in contrast with the general perception of the current regulatory situation being broadly acceptable.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Back to the Future 2 and 3"

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Alderdice, Nancy Baker. "Internet-based delivery of undergraduate management education : current status and future trends /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1362528901&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Palmer, Laurie A. "Looking back, moving forward the development of the University of Delaware Milford School District professional development school partnership /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 156 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1216756081&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Mitchell, Jason P. "Trash talks back : the rise of the southern poor white writer /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1799142801&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1258476484&clientId=22256.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Mississippi, 2006.
Typescript. Vita. Dissertation director: Dr. Donald Kartiganer "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-210). Also available online via ProQuest to authorized users.

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Freitas, Frederico Ribeiro de. "INTERPRETAÇÃO CIVIL-CONSTITUCIONAL E JURISPRUDENCIAL DO CONTRATO DE COMPRA E VENDA DE SAFRA FUTURA DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2011. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2632.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:46:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FREDERICO RIBEIRO DE FREITAS.pdf: 566541 bytes, checksum: 23bb3cfb3b3be97a9c5af37530cf1ac9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-01
This thesis concerns to the analysis of purchase and sale of future production of sugarcane by alcohol industries in the State of (factories). The study provides information about the production growth of sugar and ethanol in the factories as long as it gives interpretative elements of the contractual relationship both in private and constitutional point of view, proposing solutions to the imbalances that might occur in the purchase and sale contracts of future crops with small farmers in the State of. From a commercial point of view the region covers wide range of purchase and sale of sugarcane contracts, and considering a scientific perspective it shows great relevance, with reflections on the contract area. Due to this perspective, which includes the verification of the contracted forms, its main purpose is to ponder the situation of small farmers in this kind of deal, according to the principles of objective good faith, the contract social function, reasonableness and the Courts jurisprudence, always interpreting the contractual terms in favor of the party with less financial condition, in order to reduce the contractual imbalance. It defends the view that the purchase and sale harvest contract can be reviewed/terminated in case of an agreement imbalance, especially considering that the acquiring company does not anticipate payments or help in the purchase of agricultural inputs.
Esta dissertação visa a análise da jurisprudência sobre contratos de compra e venda de produção futura de cana-de-açúcar pelas empresas produtoras de álcool no Estado de Goiás (Usinas). O estudo levanta informações sobre o crescimento da produção de açúcar e de álcool nas usinas, bem como fornece elementos interpretativos do vínculo contratual assumido pelos contratantes na órbita privada e constitucional, propondo soluções aos desequilíbrios nos contratos de compra e venda de lavoura futura com o pequeno produtor rural, com enfoque sobre a agricultura familiar, no Estado de Goiás. Do ponto de vista negocial a região abrange enorme gama de contratos de compra e venda de cana-de-açúcar, e sob o ângulo da órbita científica apresenta liames de interessante relevo, com reflexos na área contratual. Devido a essa abordagem, que inclui a verificação das formas contratadas, tem o objetivo de sopesar a situação do pequeno produtor rural na avença e respectiva necessidade econômica de mantê-lo no campo, de acordo com os princípios da boa-fé objetiva, da função social do contrato, da razoabilidade e da jurisprudência dos Tribunais, propondo a interpretação das cláusulas contratuais em favor da parte com menor condição financeira no liame obrigacional estipulado, diminuindo o desequilíbrio contratual. Defende-se o ponto de vista de que o contrato de compra e venda de safra futura pode ser revisto/rescindido em caso de desequilíbrio no pactuado e interpretado na órbita agrária, mormente considerando que a empresa adquirente não antecipa parte do pagamento ou ajuda na aquisição de insumos agrícolas.

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Back, Christoph [Verfasser]. "UHV-Cluster-Anlage zur Herstellung von Dünnfilmstrukturen und Transport- und Rauscheigenschaften von YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Korngrenzen-SQUIDs [YBa-2-Cu-3-O-7-delta-Korngrenzen-SQUIDs] / vorgelegt von Christoph Back." 2007. http://d-nb.info/984577629/34.

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Garcia, Manriquez Hugo Enrique. "The promised future the (un)interrupted dialogue in William Carlos Williams' "Yes, Mrs. Williams" /." 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1240710481&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=39334&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (M.A.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2007.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 29, 2007) Available through UMI ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Thesis adviser: Kim, Myung M. Includes bibliographical references.

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Rittenour, Christine E. "Communication and shared family identity in mother-in-law/daughter-in-law relationships implications for relational outcomes and future family functioning /." 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1694433221&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=14215&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009.
Title from title screen (site viewed September 08, 2009). PDF text: xii, 186 p. : ill. ; 990 K. UMI publication number: AAT 3350455. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

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Goffar, Stephen L. "Tailored, multimedia versus traditional educational interventions for patients with low back pain a randomized clinical trial /." Thesis, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=913513761&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1236904623&clientId=23440.

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Books on the topic "Back to the Future 2 and 3"

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DeMaria, Rusel, and Zach Meston. Sega Genesis Secrets, Volume 3. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing, 1992.

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Flores, Maria Assunção, Ana Amélia Carvalho, Fernando Ilídio Ferreira, and Maria Teresa Vilaça, eds. Back to the Future. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-240-2.

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Prima. Official Sega Genesis: Power Tips Book, Volume 3. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing, 1994.

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Bos, Lodewijk, Denis Carroll, Luis Kun, Andrew Marsh, and Laura M. Roa, eds. Future Visions on Biomedicine and Bioinformatics 2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19554-9.

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Krey, Nina, and Patricia Rossi, eds. Back to the Future: Using Marketing Basics to Provide Customer Value. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66023-3.

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Perotti, Giovanni, ed. Sega Mega Drive Game Secrets: Strategie e Segreti, Volume 3. Via Rosellini, Milano, Italy: Jackson Libri, 1993.

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Perotti, Giovanni, ed. Sega Mega Drive Game Secrets: Strategie e Segreti, Volume 2. Via Rosellini, Milano, Italy: Jackson Libri, 1993.

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Arai, Kohei, Supriya Kapoor, and Rahul Bhatia, eds. Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2020, Volume 2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63089-8.

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IEE National Conference on UK Telecommunications Networks--Present and Future (1st 1987 London, England). The first IEE National Conference on UK Telecommunications Networks--Present and Future: 2-3 June 1987. London: IEE, 1987.

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Canadian Forest Genomics Symposium (1st 2006 Ottawa, Ont.). Genomics for future forests: First Canadian Forest Genomics Symposium, 2-3 September 2004, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada : symposium report. Ottawa: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Science and Programs Branch, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Back to the Future 2 and 3"

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Berger, Lars. "Back to the Future?!" In Springer Reference Sozialwissenschaften, 1–13. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-04125-0_33-2.

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Moorthy, S. N., M. S. Sajeev, R. P. K. Ambrose, and R. J. Anish. "Conclusions and future prospects." In Tropical tuber starches: structural and functional characteristics, 264–70. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394811.0264.

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Abstract This book chapter outlines the future steps in improving the status of the tropical tuber crops: (1) reduce the period of maturity of all the TTCs to 110-150 days, (2) improve the tuber shape and make them more definitive in shape, (3) improve plant architecture to attain a harvest index of 0.70, (4) eliminate antinutritional factors and improve nutritive values, (5) impart resistance to the three major biotic problems afflicting the TTCs: CMD (cassava mosaic disease), taro leaf blight and sweet potato weevil, (6) introduce determinacy in cassava and yams, (7) increase the post-harvest storage life, (8) reduce the loss during post-harvest storage, transportation and processing, (9) use biotechnological means to alter starch characteristics like amylose content, chain length and phosphorus content in starch, (10) it is also suggested that there should be a 'starch bank', which acts as a repository of different starches and provides information on all physicochemical and functional properties for various applications to researchers and industries, and (11) an organization to carry out exclusive research on tuber starches may be established in any of the TTC-growing countries.

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Hendrianto, Stefanus. "Back to the future." In Constitutional Remedies in Asia, 15–32. New York, NY: Routledge, 2019. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429435485-2.

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Levenson, Edgar A., and Alan Slomowitz. "Back to the future." In Interpersonal Psychoanalysis and the Enigma of Consciousness, 9–25. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. |: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315532417-2.

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Chow, Alex Yong Kang. "2. Prefigurative Politics of the Umbrella Movement: An Ethnography of Its Promise and Predicament." In Take Back Our Future, edited by Ching Kwan Lee and Ming Sing, 34–51. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501740930-003.

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Rumelili, Bahar. "Back to the future." In Greece and Turkey in Conflict and Cooperation, 25–40. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge advances in European politics: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203732151-3.

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Bastide, Loïs. "The future strikes back." In Managing the Global Health Response to Epidemics, 52–69. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351263047-3.

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Thomson, Pat. "Back to the future." In Future Alternatives for Educational Leadership, 13–26. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003131496-3.

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Bean, Charles. "Back to the Future." In Finance Unleashed, 81–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66370-8_12.

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McLean, Robert, and James A. Densley. "Back to the Future." In Scotland’s Gang Members, 163–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47752-3_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Back to the Future 2 and 3"

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James, Brian, Paul Delaney, and Doug Avery. "Office of the Future: Advanced Lighting Control Strategies." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88755.

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The Office of the Future (OTF) program is a new energy efficiency approach supported by a consortium of some of the nation’s largest and most progressive energy utilities. OTF targets existing multi-tenant commercial office buildings with packages of advanced energy efficiency strategies that can be applied at the tenant level for building owners. The overall goal is to assemble technical guidelines to office renovation projects that specify performance requirements for different attributes of the office (lighting, plug loads, etc.) and whole building that result in 25% and 50% savings better than code. Three pilot projects were conducted: 1. Executive office space 2. Open area office space 3. Office space with five private offices, a conference room, lobby, kitchen, and corridor The executive offices provided an opportunity to measure energy use in a 1,360 square-meters (m2) office and to undertake a relighting project that met the architectural, aesthetic, and functional demands of the space while employing current energy-efficient products and design techniques. The open area office space consisted of 745 m2 of primarily cubicle office space — half of the 12th floor of a federal building in Santa Monica, CA. The project was highly representative of the challenges and complications faced in retrofit projects in everyday office buildings. The office space with private offices involved renovating the lighting and lighting controls in a 147 m2 office space in the 41,156 m2 building, and summarized the performance of the lighting design in accordance with the OTF Technical Guidelines. In addition, this project included details regarding the pre- and post-lighting systems and controls, compares the actual metered power and energy performance of the 2008 Title 24 code baseline, presents the code calculation basis, and reveals some of the complexities associated with this approach. These pilot projects had three primary goals: 1) examine the performance characteristics of highly-controlled lighting systems in a real office environment compared to existing lighting and applicable codes, 2) monitor plug load energy use, and 3) provide measured and technical data back to OTF consortium members to inform the OTF process. The measured results of the open area office space project revealed that a high-performance lighting design with controls delivers savings considerably beyond code-calculated estimates. In fact, results show that during daytime occupied hours, the average site usage is 43% less power than code calculations. The new system reduced the connected load by 56%. Similar results were found for the other two pilot projects.

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Walczyk, Daniel. "Large-Scale Laminated Dies for Sheet Metal Forming." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39363.

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As part of a 5-year NSF-sponsored project, a design and fabrication system is being developed for Profiled Edge Laminated (PEL) tooling. The PEL tooling method is a thick-layer Rapid Tooling (RT) approach that offers distinct advantages over both conventional CNC machining of billets and other RT processes. Furthermore, the method is ideally suited for developing large-scale sheet metal forming tools. To date, the following design, fabrication and analysis tools have been completed: details of the ‘front-end’ design and analysis process; valid structural and thermal FEL modeling methods for PEL tooling; and development of the ‘back-end’ PEL tool fabrication process consisting of a CAM software system to allow AWJ cutting of individual PELs based on a CAD model. The front end process has been demonstrated with matched die forming of a 2-dimensional steel part. The back-end process has also been demonstrated using a 3-dimensional hydroformed aluminum part. Future work will include incorporation of variable thickness and orientation algorithms that account for stock lamination thicknesses and part dimensional tolerances, more advanced structural and thermal models, the means to predict the cost and time required for fabrication of PEL tools, an investigation of different lamination bonding methods, and additional industrial case studies.

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Chen, Jau-Liang, and Hsu-Yang Chang. "Free Air Ball Forming Process Parameter Analysis for Wire Bonder." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33720.

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In this paper, we are focusing on the FAB forming technology for fine pitch wire bonding. The parameters that affect the FAB formation include: 1) tail length; 2) spark gap; 3) Electric flame-off (EFO) voltage, current, time; 4) relative position between electrode plate and tail; 5) wire material; and 6) type of capillary. Except the last two items, all the other parameters can be quantified for analysis. By using Taguchi method it was found that EFO time and EFO current are the most important parameters that affect the formation free-air ball. The error-back-propagation neural network was then used to predict suitable EFO time and current setting. The main objective in this research is to find a suitable rule for parameters setting in order to control the FAB ball size as required. The result can be used in the future for optimal parameter setting and prediction of FAB formation.

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Matta, Lawrence M., Jacob Manuel, and Sathish Ramamoorthy. "Pipe Knocked From Supports by Hydraulic Transient Event." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9464.

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Abstract Following what was considered a routine realignment of liquid product lines and tankage at a storage and transfer facility, an incident occurred that resulted in significant movement of a 20-inch pipeline, causing a large section of it to fall from its supports. The event also resulted in the failure of a gasket at a valve flange and loss of containment. The alignment activities and pump startup were investigated for the potential to generate a hydraulic transient capable of generating sufficient force to cause the movement. A transient hydraulic model of the fluid in the piping as it was aligned at the time of the event was generated to assist in determining the cause and to help prevent a similar occurrence in the future. Several scenarios were modeled and are discussed in this paper: 1) pump shutdown from steady flow, 2) pump start up with the discharge valve open, 3) pump startup with the discharge valve closed, and 4) pump start up with a vapor cavity present near a closed valve at the high point in the line. Pipe stress and finite element analysis were used to assess the displaced pipe and to determine if it could be placed back into service. The piping stress analysis indicated that the highest stress in the piping was below the yield stress of the material. Results from a detailed finite element analysis with material nonlinearity confirmed that there was no global plastic strain in the piping due to the event. This left a potential for local plastic strain due to the impact of the pipe against any hard surfaces, and this was addressed with visual examination. In the end, the pipe was lifted back onto the supports, lateral restraints were added at pipe support locations, and procedural changes were implemented to reduce the likelihood of future events.

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Lonsdale, Cameron, and John Oliver. "Wheel Rim Axial Residual Stress and a Proposed Mechanism for Vertical Split Rim Formation." In ASME 2011 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2011-67024.

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Railroad wheels are manufactured with beneficial residual compressive hoop stresses, which are imparted by rim quenching and tempering. Hoop and radial residual stresses for wheels have been studied in detail by various organizations over the years and are relatively well characterized. However axial residual stresses, in the orientation across the rim width from back rim face to front rim face, have not been extensively investigated. This paper describes a failure mode known as a vertical split rim (VSR) and describes efforts to measure the axial residual stresses in, 1) new wheels, 2) service worn wheels and 3) wheels that have failed from VSRs. Initial axial residual stress measurement efforts, using core drilling and x-ray diffraction from the tread surface, are briefly reviewed. Further more extensive work using x-ray diffraction to measure axial residual stress on radial wheel slices is described and data are presented, focusing on differences between the three wheel types. The concept of Axial Stress Amplification (ASA) is outlined, and the relationship of axial residual stress to VSRs is discussed. A proposed mechanism for VSR formation is described. Future work, with a goal of reducing or eliminating VSRs in service, is considered.

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Weiland, R., C. Boit, B. Ebersberger, P. Meis, N. Dawes, A. Dziesiaty, H. Zimmermann, et al. "Wafer Conserving Full Range Construction Analysis for IC Fabrication and Process Development Based on FIB/Dual Beam Inline Application." In ISTFA 2000. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2000p0393.

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Abstract The step into the production line environment is a quantum leap for physical failure analysis (PFA) and will change its work in the near future. Wafer sacrifice for analysis becomes obsolete. The main benefits are: 1. reduction of wafer costs, 2. more splits per development lot, 3. reduced cycle time of analysis and technology development. Machines needed for that purpose are dual beam SEM/FIB tools. In the following we present solutions how PFA in a broad range can be carried out inside of a production line. The analyzed wafers can be fed back into the production flow which results in lower overall costs and the feedback loop to production engineers is dramatically shortened leading to reduced down times of production tools etc. The highest risk that has kept the majority of semiconductor manufacturers from proceeding into this direction is the contamination of the productive wafer with Ga, the FIB beam particle, that may diffuse into productive parts of the wafer during heat cycles after the analysis step. We show that the risk of contamination by Ga and other materials can be controlled.

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Simpson, Timothy W., and Joaquim R. R. A. Martins. "Multidisciplinary Design Optimization for Complex Engineered Systems Design: State of the Research and State of the Practice—Report From a National Science Foundation Workshop." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47237.

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Multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) has evolved remarkably since its inception 25 years ago. Despite these advances, the design of complex engineered systems remains a challenge, and many large-scale engineering projects are routinely plagued by exorbitant cost overruns and delays. To gain insight into these challenges, 48 people gathered from industry, academia, and government agencies to examine MDO’s current and future role in designing complex engineered systems. This paper summarizes the views of five distinguished speakers on the “state of the research” along with the discussions from an industry panel of representatives from Boeing, Caterpillar, Ford, NASA Glenn Research Center, and United Technologies Research Center on the “state of the practice”. This paper also summarizes the future research topics identified by breakout groups in five key areas: (1) modeling and the design space; (2) metrics, objectives, and requirements; (3) coupling in complex engineered systems; (4) dealing with uncertainty; and (5) people and workflow. Finally, five over-arching themes are offered to advance MDO. First, we need to engage more disciplines outside of engineering and look for opportunities to use MDO outside of its traditional areas. Second, MDO problem formulations must evolve to encompass a wider range of design criteria. Third, we need effective strategies for putting designers “back in the loop” during MDO. Fourth, we need to do a better job of publicizing the successful examples of MDO so that we can improve the “buy in” that is needed to advance MDO in academia, industry, and government agencies. Fifth, we need to better educate our students and practitioners on systems design, optimization, and MDO along with their benefits and drawbacks.

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Wiwatanapataphee, Wiwat, Thanita Kiatrabile, Pipat Lilaprathuang, Noppanan Nopsiri, and Panyawadee Kritsanamontri. "Lessons Learned from the First Chemical Sand Consolidation in Zawtika Field." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201045-ms.

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Abstract The conventional gravel pack sand control completion (High Rate Water Pack / Extension Pack) was the primary sand control method for PTTEPI, Myanmar Zawtika field since 2014 for more than 80 wells. Although the completion cost of gravel pack sand control was dramatically reduced around 75 percent due to the operation performance improvement along 5 years, the further cost reduction still mandatory to make the future development phase feasible. In order to tackle the well economy challenge, several alternative sand control completion designs were reviewed with the existing Zawtika subsurface information. The Chemical Sand Consolidation (CSC) or resin which is cost-effective method to control the sand production with injected chemicals is selected to be tested in 3 candidate wells. Therefore, the first trial campaign of CSC was performed with the Coiled Tubing Unit (CTU) in March to May 2019 with positive campaign results. The operation program and lesson learned were captured in this paper for future improvement in term of well candidate selection, operation planning and execution. The three monobore completion wells were treated with the CSC. The results positively showed that the higher sand-free rates can be achieved. The operation steps consist of 1) Perform sand cleanout to existing perforation interval or perforate the new formation interval. 2) Pumping pre-flush chemical to conditioning the formation to accept the resin 3) Pumping resin to coating on formation grain sand 4) Pumping the post-flush chemical to remove an excess resin from sand 5) Shut in the well to wait for resin curing before open back to production. However, throughout the campaign, there were several lessons learned, which will be required for future cost and time optimization. In operational view, the proper candidate selection shall avoid operational difficulties e.g. available rathole. As well, detailed operation plan and job design will result in effective CSC jobs. For instance, the coil tubing packer is suggested for better resin placement in the formation. Moreover, accommodation arrangement (either barge or additional vessel) and logistics management still have room for improvement. These 3 wells are the evidences of the successful applications in Zawtika field. With good planning, lesson learned and further optimization, this CSC method can be beneficial for existing monobore wells, which required sand control and also will be the alternative sand control method for upcoming development phases. This CSC will be able to increase project economic and also unlock the marginal reservoirs those will not justify the higher cost of conventional gravel pack.

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Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen. "Adaptation studies in Europe." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.02015k.

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Adaptation is a creative process that crosses and blurs boundaries: from page to stage, from small screen to big screen – and then, sometimes, back again. Beyond questions of form and medium, many adaptations also cross national borders and language barriers, making them important tools for intercultural communication and identity formation. This paper calls for a more intensive, transnational study of adaptation across print, stage, and screens in EU member and affiliate countries. For the highest possible effectiveness, interdisciplinarity is key; as a cultural phenomenon, adaptation benefits from perspectives rooted in a variety of fields and research methods. Its influence over transnational media flows, with patterns in production and reception across European culture industries, offers scholars a better understanding of how narratives are transformed into cultural exports and how these exchanges affect transnational relationships. The following questions are proposed to shape this avenue for research: (1) How do adaptations track narrative and media flows within and across national, linguistic, and regional boundaries? (2) To what extent do adapted narratives reflect transnational relationships, and how might they help construct Europeanness? (3) How do audiences in the EU respond to transnational adaptation, and how are European adaptations circulated and received outside Europe? (4) What impact does adaptation have in the culture industries, and what industrial practices might facilitate adaptation across media platforms and/or national boundaries? The future of adaptation studies and of adaptation as a cultural practice in Europe depends on the development of innovative, comparative, and interdisciplinary approaches to adaptation. The outcomes of future research can hold significant value for European media industries seeking to expand their market reach, as well as for scholars of adaptation, theater, literature, translation, and screen media.

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Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen. "Adaptation studies in Europe." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.02015k.

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Adaptation is a creative process that crosses and blurs boundaries: from page to stage, from small screen to big screen – and then, sometimes, back again. Beyond questions of form and medium, many adaptations also cross national borders and language barriers, making them important tools for intercultural communication and identity formation. This paper calls for a more intensive, transnational study of adaptation across print, stage, and screens in EU member and affiliate countries. For the highest possible effectiveness, interdisciplinarity is key; as a cultural phenomenon, adaptation benefits from perspectives rooted in a variety of fields and research methods. Its influence over transnational media flows, with patterns in production and reception across European culture industries, offers scholars a better understanding of how narratives are transformed into cultural exports and how these exchanges affect transnational relationships. The following questions are proposed to shape this avenue for research: (1) How do adaptations track narrative and media flows within and across national, linguistic, and regional boundaries? (2) To what extent do adapted narratives reflect transnational relationships, and how might they help construct Europeanness? (3) How do audiences in the EU respond to transnational adaptation, and how are European adaptations circulated and received outside Europe? (4) What impact does adaptation have in the culture industries, and what industrial practices might facilitate adaptation across media platforms and/or national boundaries? The future of adaptation studies and of adaptation as a cultural practice in Europe depends on the development of innovative, comparative, and interdisciplinary approaches to adaptation. The outcomes of future research can hold significant value for European media industries seeking to expand their market reach, as well as for scholars of adaptation, theater, literature, translation, and screen media.

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Reports on the topic "Back to the Future 2 and 3"

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Bish, D. L. Evaluation of past and future alterations in tuff at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, based on the clay mineralogy of drill cores USW G-1, G-2, and G-3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/60670.

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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.

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Herbert, Siân, and Heather Marquette. COVID-19, Governance, and Conflict: Emerging Impacts and Future Evidence Needs. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.029.

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This paper reviews emerging evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on governance and conflict, using a “governance and conflict first” approach in contrast to other research and synthesis on COVID-19 in the social sciences that tends to be structured through a public health lens. It largely focuses on evidence on low- and middle-income countries but also includes a number of examples from high-income countries, reflecting the global nature of the crisis. It is organised around four cross-cutting themes that have enabled the identification of emerging bodies of evidence and/or analysis: Power and legitimacy; Effectiveness, capacity, and corruption; Violence, unrest, and conflict; and Resilience, vulnerability, and risk. The paper concludes with three over-arching insights that have emerged from the research: (1) the importance of leadership; (2) resilience and what “fixing the cracks” really means; and (3) why better ways are needed to add up all the “noise” when it comes to COVID-19 and evidence.

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Lavadenz, Magaly, and Anaida Colón-Muñiz. The Latin@ Teacher Shortage: Learning from the Past to Inform the Future. Loyola Marymount University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.5.

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This policy brief explores trends in U.S. K-12 Hispanic student enrollment vs. the Hispanic teacher workforce as a way to call attention to the bilingual teacher shortage. Successful examples of past efforts to increase the number of Latino and bilingual teachers are reviewed and the following policy recommendations are made: 1) expand investment in grow your own initiatives that recruit students in middle and high school students and emerging educational paraprofessionals into the bilingual teacher pipeline; 2) establish regional teacher preparation and professional learning centers and consortia; 3) offer financial supports; and 4) enhance university-based credentialing routes, internship and residency programs.

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Oza, Shardul, and Jacobus Cilliers. What Did Children Do During School Closures? Insights from a Parent Survey in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/027.

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In this Insight Note, we report results of a phone survey that the RISE Tanzania Research team conducted with 2,240 parents (or alternate primary care-givers) of primary school children following the school closures in Tanzania. After the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Tanzania on 16 March 2020, the government ordered all primary schools closed the following day. Schools remained closed until 29 June 2020. Policymakers and other education stakeholders were concerned that the closures would lead to significant learning loss if children did not receive educational support or engagement at home. To help stem learning loss, the government promoted radio, TV, and internet-based learning content to parents of school-age children. The primary aims of the survey were to understand how children and families responded to the school closures, the education related activities they engaged in, and their strategies to send children back to school. The survey also measures households’ engagement with remote learning content over the period of school closures. We supplement the findings of the parent survey with insights from interviews with Ward Education Officers about their activities during the school closures. The survey sample is comprised of primary care-givers (in most cases, parents) of students enrolled in Grades 3 and 4 during the 2020 school year. The survey builds on an existing panel of students assessed in 2019 and 2020 in a nationally representative sample of schools.4 The parent surveys were conducted using Computer Assisted Telephonic Interviewing (CATI) over a two-week period in early September 2020, roughly two months after the re-opening of primary schools. We report the following key findings from this survey: *Almost all (more than 99 percent) of children in our sample were back in school two months after schools re-opened. The vast majority of parents believed it was either safe or extremely safe for their children to return to school. *Only 6 percent of households reported that their children listened to radio lessons during the school closures; and a similar fraction (5.5 percent) tuned into TV lessons over the same period. Less than 1 percent of those surveyed accessed educational programmes on the internet. Households with access to radio or TV reported higher usage. *Approximately 1 in 3 (36 percent) children worked on the family farm during the closures, with most children working either 2 or 3 days a week. Male children were 6.2 percentage points likelier to work on the family farm than female children. *Households have limited access to education materials for their child. While more than 9 out of 10 households have an exercise book, far fewer had access to textbooks (35 percent) or own reading books (31 percent). *One in four parents (24 percent) read a book to their child in the last week.

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Amzeri, Achmad, Kaswan Badami, and Gita Pawana. Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.). Innovative Scientific Information & Services Network, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2019.1.

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Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 experimental units. Identification of polymorphic RAPD markers for endurance to downy mildew through Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was done by amplifying the DNA in the resistant pool and susceptible pool. The random primers used were 120 primers from 6 operon groups, namely OPA, OPB, OPC, OPD, OPF and OPG. The results showed that the inheritance pattern of maize genetic resistance to downy mildew followed a segregation pattern of 3:1 with a degree of dominance between -1 and 0, and was controlled by incomplete partially negative dominant gene. OPC-07 was a marker that was linkage close to the resistance to downy mildew with a genetic distance of 1.9 cM.

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Herbert, George. How Can Middle-income Countries Improve Their Skills Systems Post- COVID-19? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.082.

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Vocational training systems in middle-income countries are going to face multiple challenges in the post-COVID era, notably, challenges related to (1) automation; (2) the transition to a green economy, and (3) demographic pressures. Of these, automation - linked to the burgeoning ‘fourth industrial revolution’ that is set to transform the global economy - represents the most serious challenge and is the only one of the three challenges discussed in any depth in this paper. Whilst estimates of the likely scale of automation in the coming years and decades vary widely, it appears likely that waves of automation will lead to a dramatic decline in many kinds of jobs that largely involve routine, repetitive tasks. These trends pre-date COVID-19, but the disruption caused by the pandemic provides an opportunity to prepare for these challenges by implementing vocational training system reforms as part of the Build Back Better agenda. Reforms to vocational training systems will be crucial to ensuring middle-income countries respond appropriately to accelerating labour market changes. However, they should only form a limited part of that response and need to be integrated with a wide range of other policy measures. Vocational training reform will need to occur in the context of major reforms to basic education in order to ensure that all workers are equipped with the cross-cutting cognitive and socio-emotional skills they will require to perform hard-to-automate tasks and to be able to learn and adapt rapidly in a changing economy. Middle-income countries will also likely need to progressively expand social protection schemes in order to provide a safety net for workers that struggle to adapt to changing labour market requirements.

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Eckman, Stephanie, Joe Eyerman, and Dorota Temple. Unmanned Aircraft Systems Can Improve Survey Data Collection. RTI Press, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.rb.0018.1806.

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Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), or drones, will disrupt many industries in the next 5 to 10 years. In this research brief, we speculate about how UAS could be used in survey data collection to make survey data more accurate and/or less costly. We put forth three ideas for how UAS can be used to improve surveys in the future to (1) supplement survey data with UAS photo and sensor data; (2) deliver survey hardware to selected respondents, and (3) detect and enumerate housing units for sample selection.

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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.

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Pruitt, Bruce, K. Killgore, William Slack, and Ramune Matuliauskaite. Formulation of a multi-scale watershed ecological model using a statistical approach. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38862.

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The purpose of this special report is to provide a statistical stepwise process for formulation of ecological models for application at multiple scales using a stream condition index (SCI). Given the global variability of aquatic ecosystems, this guidance is for broad application and may require modification to suit specific watersheds or stream reaches. However, the general statistical treatise provided herein applies across physiographies and at multiple scales. The Duck River Watershed Assessment in Tennessee was used, in part, to develop and test this multiscale, statistical approach; thus, it is considered a case example and referenced throughout this report. The findings of this study can be utilized to (1) prioritize water-sheds for restoration, enhancement, and conservation; (2) plan and conduct site-specific, intensive ecosystem studies; and (3) assess ecosystem outcomes (that is, ecological lift) applicable to future with and without restoration actions including alternative, feasibility, and cost-benefit analyses and adaptive management.

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