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Journal articles on the topic 'Backward stepwise elimination'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Henderson, Douglas A., and Daniel R. Denison. "Stepwise Regression in Social and Psychological Research." Psychological Reports 64, no. 1 (1989): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.64.1.251.

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Researchers often invoke stepwise ordinary least squares regression to explain, predict or classify practical problems or theoretical constructs in psychological and social research. Unfortunately, this statistical technique is used without proper consideration for its inherent theoretical and practical limitations, a problem expected to grow even more serious with the proliferation of statistical packages for use on personal computers. Use of stepwise regression in social and psychological research is reconsidered here. Explanations of forward selection, backward elimination and combination s

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Rahman, Md Siddiqur, and Jafar A. Khan. "Building a Robust Linear Model with Backward Elimination Procedure." Dhaka University Journal of Science 62, no. 2 (2015): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v62i2.21971.

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For building a linear prediction model, Backward Elimination (BE) is a computationally suitable stepwise procedure for sequencing the candidate predictors. This method yields poor results when data contain outliers and other contaminations. Robust model selection procedures, on the other hand, are not computationally efficient or scalable to large dimensions, because they require the fitting of a large number of submodels. Robust version of BE is proposed in this study, which is computationally very suitable and scalable to large high-dimensional data sets. Since BE can be expressed in terms o

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A., Ademuyiwa J., and Adetunji A. A. "Impact of Some Economic Variables on the Real Gross Domestic Product of Nigeria." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 4 (2019): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i4.563.

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The influences of External Debt Service (EDS), External Debt Stock (EDSt), Government Expenditure (GE), Inflation Rate (InfR), Interest Rate (IntR) and Exchange Rate (ExR) of Nigeria on the Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) are examined. Results of the analysis using Stepwise Regression (Backward Elimination and Forward Selection) reveals that GE, EDS, and IntR have positive significant contributions to the RGDP of the country compared to other variables considered.

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Hsu, Fang-Chen, Chien-Nan Chen, and Meng-Dar Shieh. "Using stepwise backward elimination to specify terms related to tactile sense for product design." Advanced Engineering Informatics 46 (October 2020): 101193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2020.101193.

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Joseph, Shijo, K. Anitha, V. K. Srivastava, Ch Sudhakar Reddy, A. P. Thomas, and M. S. R. Murthy. "Rainfall and Elevation Influence the Local-Scale Distribution of Tree Community in the Southern Region of Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot (India)." International Journal of Forestry Research 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/576502.

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The present study characterises the tree communities with respect to topographic and climatic variables and identifies the most important environmental correlate of species richness in the southern region of Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, India. Digitally derived environmental variables in combination with tree species richness information were analysed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to characterise the communities. Multiple regression technique based on stepwise backward elimination was used to identify the most important environment correlate of species richness. Canonica

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Untadi, Albertus, Lily D. Li, Michael Li, and Roland Dodd. "Modeling Socioeconomic Determinants of Building Fires through Backward Elimination by Robust Final Prediction Error Criterion." Axioms 12, no. 6 (2023): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12060524.

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Fires in buildings are significant public safety hazards and can result in fatalities and substantial financial losses. Studies have shown that the socioeconomic makeup of a region can impact the occurrence of building fires. However, existing models based on the classical stepwise regression procedure have limitations. This paper proposes a more accurate predictive model of building fire rates using a set of socioeconomic variables. To improve the model’s forecasting ability, a backward elimination by robust final predictor error (RFPE) criterion is introduced. The proposed approach is applie

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Hamdan, Khaled. "Model for Predicting Corrosion Under Insulation Using Nondestructive Testing." Materials Performance 61, no. 4 (2022): 52–56. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2022_61_4-52.

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The objective of this article is to present the model for predicting a corrosion under insulation rate by using several field nondestructive testing (NDT) inspection data, including stress-strain profile, surface temperature profile, and moisture content of insulation. The backward stepwise elimination regression method was utilized to find the influential factor for the model. Prior to the algorithm selection, the unsupervised learning analysis was performed to determine the best algorithm for the model. The algorithm used for the final model was an artificial neural network that utilizes the

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Ullmann, Theresa, Georg Heinze, Lorena Hafermann, Christine Schilhart-Wallisch, and Daniela Dunkler. "Evaluating variable selection methods for multivariable regression models: A simulation study protocol." PLOS ONE 19, no. 8 (2024): e0308543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308543.

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Researchers often perform data-driven variable selection when modeling the associations between an outcome and multiple independent variables in regression analysis. Variable selection may improve the interpretability, parsimony and/or predictive accuracy of a model. Yet variable selection can also have negative consequences, such as false exclusion of important variables or inclusion of noise variables, biased estimation of regression coefficients, underestimated standard errors and invalid confidence intervals, as well as model instability. While the potential advantages and disadvantages of

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Azizah, Siti Nur, Dela Gustiara, Anwar Fitrianto, Erfiani, and Pika Silvianti. "IDENTIFICATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL LITERACY ACHIEVEMENT FACTORS IN PROVINCE X USING ORDINAL STEPWISE LOGISTIC." Jurnal Statistika dan Aplikasinya 9, no. 1 (2025): 22–36. https://doi.org/10.21009/jsa.09103.

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Literacy is a foundational skill that underpins students’ academic success and lifelong opportunities. Low literacy skills can result in long-term disadvantages such as limited access to higher education, low productivity, and social inequality. Indonesia continues to face challenges in improving students' literacy achievement, particularly at the primary school level. According to the PISA 2022 results, Indonesia ranked 69th out of 81 countries, indicating that students’ literacy levels remain relatively low. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the literacy achievement of p

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10

Badshah, Waqar, and Mehmet Bulut. "Model Selection Procedures in Bounds Test of Cointegration: Theoretical Comparison and Empirical Evidence." Economies 8, no. 2 (2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies8020049.

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Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by Bounds test of cointegration for model selection. The aim of this paper was twofold; one was to evaluate the performance of these five routinely used information criteria {Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion (SIC/BIC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion Corrected (SICC/BICC), and Hannan and Quinn Information Criterion (HQC)} and three structured approaches (Forward Selection, Backward Elimination, and Stepwis

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Chowdhury, Mohammad Ziaul Islam, and Tanvir C. Turin. "Variable selection strategies and its importance in clinical prediction modelling." Family Medicine and Community Health 8, no. 1 (2020): e000262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2019-000262.

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Clinical prediction models are used frequently in clinical practice to identify patients who are at risk of developing an adverse outcome so that preventive measures can be initiated. A prediction model can be developed in a number of ways; however, an appropriate variable selection strategy needs to be followed in all cases. Our purpose is to introduce readers to the concept of variable selection in prediction modelling, including the importance of variable selection and variable reduction strategies. We will discuss the various variable selection techniques that can be applied during predict

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Cuesta-Herrera, L., H. A. Torres-Mantilla, M. Quintero-Vega, R. Borges-Peña, and N. Martínez-Jeraldo. "Log-linear modeling between risk factors and interactions for human papillomaviruses infection and papanicolaou smear abnormalities." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2516, no. 1 (2023): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2516/1/012008.

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Abstract Modeling qualitative variables and their interactions often require multidimensional analysis through Log-linear models. Furthermore, these models are useful as alternatives in fields where probabilistic classification is required, such as speech recognition or pattern classification. This work uses log-linear modeling as a methodological approach to the analysis of 1114 valid cases of women participating in a human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer screening program, thus relating a public health problem to biophysical knowledge. The objective of the study was to evaluate

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Zhang, Yi, Chun Ru Fu, You Yi Zhu, Qun Zhang, and Jie Wu. "Nonlinear Regression Analysis of Binary Flooding Recovery Influence Factors." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 1696–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1696.

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To better reveal the laws of binary (SP) oil flooding, based on the physical simulative experimental results of Berea core (400mD), the nonlinear regression method of the probability statistics theory and SPSS software was applied to conduct a weight analysis for the main influence factors of the binary oil flooding. The results show that the three factors of the viscosity of binary system, the composite emulsifying index and the interfacial tension affect the chemical flooding recovery and the total recovery significantly. The results of the forced introduction method show that the reliabilit

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Adulkasem, Nath, Jidapa Wongcharoenwatana, Thanase Ariyawatkul, Chatupon Chotigavanichaya, Kamolporn Kaewpornsawan, and Perajit Eamsobhana. "Using Combinations of Both Clinical and Radiographic Parameters to Develop a Diagnostic Prediction Model Demonstrated an Excellent Performance in Early Detection of Patients with Blount’s Disease." Children 8, no. 10 (2021): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8100890.

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Early identification of pathological causes for pediatric genu varum (bowlegs) is crucial for preventing a progressive, irreversible knee deformity of the child. This study aims to develop and validate a diagnostic clinical prediction algorithm for assisting physicians in distinguishing an early stage of Blount’s disease from the physiologic bowlegs to provide an early treatment that could prevent the progressive, irreversible deformity. The diagnostic prediction model for differentiating an early stage of Blount’s disease from the physiologic bowlegs was developed under a retrospective case-c

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15

Long, Hoang Viet, Le Hoang Son, Manju Khari, et al. "A New Approach for Construction of Geodemographic Segmentation Model and Prediction Analysis." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2019 (May 13, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9252837.

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Customer retention is invariably the top priority of all consumer businesses, and certainly it is one of the most critical challenges as well. Identifying and gaining insights into the most probable cause of churn can save from five to ten times in terms of cost for the company compared with finding new customers. Therefore, this study introduces a full-fledged geodemographic segmentation model, assessing it, testing it, and deriving insights from it. A bank dataset consisting 11,000 instances, which consists of 10,000 instances for training and 10,000 instances for testing, with 14 attributes

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He, Yang, Dongfang Qi, and Vladimir M. Bure. "New application of multiple linear regression method - A case in China air quality." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics. Computer Science. Control Processes 18, no. 4 (2022): 516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu10.2022.406.

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In this paper, we propose an econometric model based on the multiple linear regression method. This research aims to evaluate the most important factors of the dependent variable. To be more specific, we consider the properties of this model, model quality, parameters test, checking the residual of the model. Then, to ensure that the prediction model is optimal, we use the backward elimination stepwise regression method to get the final model. At the same time, we also need to check the properties in each step. Finally, the results are illustrated by a real case in China air quality. The achie

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Daley, Sean, Bakthameera Kajendrakumar, Samyuktha Nandhakumar, et al. "County-Level Socioeconomic Status Adjustment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Mortality Hospital Performance Measure in the U.S." Healthcare 9, no. 11 (2021): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111424.

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The U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ (CMS’s) Hospital Compare (HC) data provides a collection of risk-adjusted hospital performance metrics intended to allow comparison of hospital-provided care. However, CMS does not adjust for socioeconomic status (SES) factors, which have been found to be associated with disparate health outcomes. Associations between county-level SES factors and CMS’s risk-adjusted 30-day acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mortality rates are explored for n = 2462 hospitals using a variety of sources for county-level SES information. Upon performing multiple

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18

Nilmini Wijeyaratne, W. M. Dimuthu, and Pawani Madhushani Liyanage. "Allometric Modelling of the Stem Carbon Content of Rhizophora mucronata in a Tropical Mangrove Ecosystem." International Journal of Forestry Research 2020 (June 25, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8849413.

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Mangrove ecosystems are identified as important blue carbon ecosystems because they play an important role in carbon sequestration among the coastal ecosystems. The present study was conducted to develop an allometric model to determine the stem carbon content of Rhizophora mucronata in a conserved tropical mangrove ecosystem. The stepwise regression with backward elimination was used to identify the best fit model to predict the stem carbon content of Rhizophora mucronata. The allometric equation, Ln C = −2.403 + 2.247 Ln DBH, where C: stem carbon content and DBH: diameter at breast height, w

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Wang, Peiyuan, Frank J. Infurna, and Sydney Y. Schaefer. "Predicting Motor Skill Learning in Older Adults Using Visuospatial Performance." Journal of Motor Learning and Development 8, no. 1 (2020): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2018-0017.

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Between-group comparisons of older and younger adults suggest that motor learning decreases with advancing age. However, such comparisons do not necessarily account for group differences in cognitive function, despite the co-occurrence of aging and cognitive decline. As such, cognitive differences may explain the observed age effects on motor learning. Recent work has shown that the extent to which a motor task is learned is related to visuospatial function in adults over age 65. The current study tested whether this relationship is replicable across a wider age range and with a brief, widely

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Xie, Kenny, and Bin Liu. "An ENSO-Forecast Independent Statistical Model for the Prediction of Annual Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Frequency in April." Advances in Meteorology 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/248148.

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Statistical models for preseason prediction of annual Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) and hurricane counts generally include El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forecasts as a predictor. As a result, the predictions from such models are often contaminated by the errors in ENSO forecasts. In this study, it is found that the latent heat flux (LHF) over Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP, defined as the region 0°–5°N, 115°–125°W) in spring is negatively correlated with the annual Atlantic TC and hurricane counts. By using stepwise backward elimination regression, it is further shown that the March valu

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Urbanowicz, Tomasz, Krzysztof Skotak, Jakub Bratkowski, et al. "Long-Term Survival after Coronary Artery Surgical Revascularization—Does Ambient Temperature Matter?" Medicina 60, no. 8 (2024): 1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60081220.

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Background and Objectives: The progression of global warming results in an increased exposure to extreme heat, leading to exaggeration of preexisting diseases and premature deaths. The aim of the study was to present possible risk factors for all-cause long-term mortality in patients who underwent surgical revascularization, including an assessment of the influence of ambient temperature exposure. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis included 153 (123 (80%) males and 30 (20%) females) patients who underwent off-pump revascularization and were followed for a median time of 2533 (1035–3

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Kawamura, Yoko. "Sex-related perceptions associated with sexual activity status among Japanese adolescents who heavily use text messaging." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 24, no. 4 (2012): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2012-0050.

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Abstract This study examines the relationship between sex-related perceptions and engagement in sexual intercourse among adolescents in Japan who were heavy users of text massaging. Using the data from the 6th National Survey on Youth Sexual Behavior of 548 high school students who heavily use text messaging, multinomial logistic regression analyses on variables constructing sexual norms and gender-role attitudes were conducted to assess the relationship with sexual activity status as the first step. A backward stepwise elimination method of multinomial logistic regression was used as the seco

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Mamun, Abdulla, and Sudhir Paul. "Model Selection in Generalized Linear Models." Symmetry 15, no. 10 (2023): 1905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15101905.

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The problem of model selection in regression analysis through the use of forward selection, backward elimination, and stepwise selection has been well explored in the literature. The main assumption in this, of course, is that the data are normally distributed and the main tool used here is either a t test or an F test. However, the properties of these model selection procedures are not well-known. The purpose of this paper is to study the properties of these procedures within generalized linear regression models, considering the normal linear regression model as a special case. The main tool

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Piek, Jürgen, Randall M. Chesnut, Lawrence F. Marshall, et al. "Extracranial complications of severe head injury." Journal of Neurosurgery 77, no. 6 (1992): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.77.6.0901.

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✓ In order to define the role of intracranial and extracranial complications in determining outcome from severe head injury, 734 patients from the Traumatic Coma Data Bank were analyzed. Nine classes of intracranial and 13 classes of extracranial complications occurring within the first 14 days after admission were analyzed, while controlling for age, admission Glasgow Coma Scale motor score, early hypoxia or hypotension, and severe extracranial trauma. Outcome for survivors was based on the last recorded Glasgow Outcome Scale score, obtained a median of 521 days after injury. Intracranial com

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Csako, G., M. H. Zweig, M. Ruddel, J. Glickman, and J. Kestner. "Direct and indirect techniques for free thyroxin compared in patients with nonthyroidal illness. III. Analysis of interference variables by stepwise regression." Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 4 (1990): 645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.4.645.

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Abstract We applied stepwise regression for multivariate analysis of data for free thyroxin (FT4) in serum and for other laboratory tests of thyroid function in patients with nonthyroidal illness. Using the maximum R2 improvement and backward elimination methods to test five variables [prealbumin, albumin, T4-binding globulin (TBG), free fatty acids (FFA), and FFA/albumin molar ratio], we found that the variables with the greatest predictive power clustered according to the methodology of FT4 measurement. Thus, we best predicted the FT4 results obtained by 16 techniques as follows: FT4 measure

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Kaczmarek, Maria. "Age at menopause and reproductive determinants in Polish women." Anthropological Review 64 (June 30, 2001): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.64.04.

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Selected reproductive determinants of age at menopause were analyzed using data from a representative sample of 4354 women aged 35-65 years. The data were collected in cross-sectional surveys carried out in Wielkopolska and Western part of Poland in the years 1998 to 2001. Menopausal status and median and mean ages at menopause were estimated with the use of retrospective and status-quo methods. It was found that the median age at natural menopause, estimated by probit analysis, was 50.1 years. Women, who had been treated with HRT (Hormonal Replacement Therapy) in the period of perimenopause,

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Arbaugh, Michael J., and David L. Peterson. "Variable Selection in Dendroclimatology: An Example Using Simulated Tree-Ring Series." Forest Science 35, no. 2 (1989): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/35.2.294.

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Abstract Regression analysis is often used to select important climatic variables from a group of candidate variables in dendroclimatology. Model R² and F statistics are commonly used as a measure of the importance of these variables. The reliability of these selections in the presence of substantial unexplained variance has not been previously considered (with the exception of some climatic reconstruction studies). In this study multiple regression analysis with stepwise (forward inclusion and backward elimination), best subsets, and principal components was conducted on simulated tree-ring i

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Mansell, Holly, Hamdi Elmoselhi, and Ahmed Shoker. "Association between Circulating Thrombopoietin Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Scores in Renal Transplant Recipients." American Journal of Nephrology 41, no. 2 (2015): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000377641.

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Background/Aims: The 7-year Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Calculator (CRCRTR-MACE) predicts cardiovascular events (CVE) in renal transplant recipients (RTR), and thrombopoietin (TPO) is a humoral inflammatory factor implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the study was to determine if circulating TPO levels in stable RTR are positively associated with variable(s) in the CRCRTR-MACE score. Methods: CRCRTR-MACE scores were calculated in 95 stable RTR. TPO levels were measured by multiplexed fluorescent bead-based immunoassay in all patients and 48 controls. Multivariate anal

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Schweer, Julian Thomas, Philipp-Alexander Neumann, Philipp Doebler, et al. "Crohn’s Disease as a Possible Risk Factor for Failed Healing in Ileocolic Anastomoses." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 8 (2023): 2805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082805.

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Anastomotic leakage (AL) after colorectal resections is a serious complication in abdominal surgery. Especially in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), devastating courses are observed. Various risk factors for the failure of anastomotic healing have been identified; however, whether CD itself is independently associated with anastomotic complications still remains to be validated. A retrospective analysis of a single-institution inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) database was conducted. Only patients with elective surgery and ileocolic anastomoses were included. Patients with emergency surgery,

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Kamal, Mohamed A., Scott A. Van Wart, Craig R. Rayner, et al. "Population Pharmacokinetics of Oseltamivir: Pediatrics through Geriatrics." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, no. 8 (2013): 3470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02438-12.

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ABSTRACTOseltamivir is a potent inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase enzymes essential for viral replication. This study aimed to investigate the impact of covariates on pharmacokinetic (PK) variability of oseltamivir and its active metabolite form, oseltamivir carboxylate (OC). Dosing history, plasma drug concentrations, and demographic information were pooled from 13 clinical trials providing data for 390 healthy and infected subjects ranging in age from 1 to 78 years and given oseltamivir doses of 20 to 1,000 mg. Candidate population PK models simultaneously characterizing the time co

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Perroni, Fabrizio, Silvia Migliaccio, Paolo Borrione, et al. "Can Haematological and Hormonal Biomarkers Predict Fitness Parameters in Youth Soccer Players? A Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (2020): 6294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176294.

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The study aimed to investigate the correlations among immune, haematological, endocrinological markers and fitness parameters, and assess if the physiological parameters could be a predictor of fitness values. Anthropometric, physical evaluations (countermovement jump—CMJ, 10 m sprint, VO2max, repeated sprint ability—RSA total time and index) and determination of blood (IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and tumour necrosis factor) and salivary (testosterone and cortisol) samples parameters in 28 young male soccer players (age: 13.0 ± 0.2 years, body mass index (BMI): 19.5 ± 2.2 kg/m2) were analysed. To eval

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Maniaci, Antonino, Paolo Marco Riela, Giannicola Iannella, et al. "Machine Learning Identification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity through the Patient Clinical Features: A Retrospective Study." Life 13, no. 3 (2023): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13030702.

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Objectives: To evaluate the role of clinical scores assessing the risk of disease severity in patients with clinical suspicion of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). The hypothesis was tested by applying artificial intelligence (AI) to demonstrate its effectiveness in distinguishing between mild–moderate OSA and severe OSA risk. Methods: A support vector machine model (SVM) was developed from the samples included in the analysis (N = 498), and they were split into 75% for training (N = 373) with the remaining for testing (N = 125). Two diagnostic thresholds were selected for OSA severity:

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Okayama, Kaori, Mao Kakinuma, Koji Teruya, et al. "Predictive Value of Various Atypical Cells for the Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Smears." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 2 (2024): 1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25021212.

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It is thought that numerous genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) are associated with various atypical cells, such as multinucleated cells, koilocytes, binucleated cells, parakeratotic cells, and giant cells, in the cervix. We previously showed the specificity of HPV genotypes for koilocytes and multinucleated cells. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the association among HPV genotypes and binucleated cells, parakeratotic cells, and giant cells in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. We detected HPV genotypes and atypical cells in 651 cases of liquid-based cytology with an abnormal Pap smear. The

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Zhang, Yuan-Yuan, Bao-Tao Xia, An-Ni Xie, Zhan-Hui Gao, Ji-Zhuang Lou, and Si-Jia Liu. "Risk factors of urinary tract infections with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure." Medicine 104, no. 28 (2025): e43245. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000043245.

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Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, while providing cardiorenal benefits in heart failure, have been associated with an elevated risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to identify independent risk factors for UTIs in HF patients receiving SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, 110 heart failure patients treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors were included, among whom 41 developed UTIs. Comparative analyses between UTI and non-UTI groups were performed for demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables. Statistically significant fac

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AbuTarif, Malaz A., Gopal Krishna, and Paul Statkevich. "Population Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Oral Posaconazole (POS) for Antifungal Prophylaxis in Neutropenic Patients with Hematologic Malignancies." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2287.2287.

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Abstract In a recent large, randomized, multicenter study in neutropenic patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome, prophylaxis with POS resulted in significantly fewer invasive fungal infections (IFIs) (2% vs 8%, P<0.001) and longer survival (P=0.04) vs fluconazole or itraconazole (Cornely et al New Engl J Med2007;356:348–59). Using data from this study, the relationship between demographic/baseline covariates and apparent volume of distribution (V/F) of POS was evaluated in a population modeling approach. In the full st

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Ettaieb, Madeleine H. T., Sander M. J. van Kuijk, Annelies de Wit-Pastoors, et al. "Development and Internal Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Adrenocortical-Carcinoma-Specific Mortality." Cancers 12, no. 9 (2020): 2720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12092720.

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Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has an incidence of about 1.0 per million per year. In general, survival of patients with ACC is limited. Predicting survival outcome at time of diagnosis is a clinical challenge. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate a clinical prediction model for ACC-specific mortality. Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the nine centers of the Dutch Adrenal Network (DAN). Patients who presented with ACC between 1 January 2004 and 31 October 2013 were included. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to compute

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Alam, Le, Lim, Chan, and Yao. "Supervised Machine Learning Based Multi-Task Artificial Intelligence Classification of Retinopathies." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 6 (2019): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060872.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) classification holds promise as a novel and affordable screening tool for clinical management of ocular diseases. Rural and underserved areas, which suffer from lack of access to experienced ophthalmologists may particularly benefit from this technology. Quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging provides excellent capability to identify subtle vascular distortions, which are useful for classifying retinovascular diseases. However, application of AI for differentiation and classification of multiple eye diseases is not yet established. In

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Mannocci, Alice, Claudia Vaschetto, Leda Semyonov, et al. "Maternal Smoking and Socio-Demographic Characteristics in Correlation with Low Birth Weight: A Turin (Piedmont) Study." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 53, no. 3 (2014): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2014-0022.

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Abstract Introduction. 15 to 25% of women smoke during pregnancy. Scientific evidence suggests that exposure to smoking causes decreased birth weight. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between smoking during pregnancy, maternal sociodemographic characteristics, and low birth weight. Methods. Data were derived from 1572 questionnaires administered to each woman that gave birth at the Gynecology Teaching Hospital “S. Anna” in Turin (Italy) during the period from 2008 to 2010. Multiple logistic analysis was used to evaluate the association between socio-demographic characteristi

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Al-Najafi, Waleed Khalid, Mohammed N. Attiyah, and Hassan M. Abd. "Karbala Discriminant Formula to Differentiate Beta-Thalassemia Trait from Iron Deficiency Anemia." Karbala Journal of Medicine 15, no. 1 (2022): 2564–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.70863/karbalajm.v15i1.932.

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AbstractBackground: Hypochromic microcytic red blood cells are common findings in routine laboratory work in all age and ethnic groups. The differentiation between iron deficiency anemia and β-thalassemia trait represents a challenge in populations with limited access to costly lab investigations Aim: To create a new mathematical formula using RBC hematological parameters to discriminate between iron deficiency anemia and β-thalassemia trait applicable to Karbala population.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done at Karbala hereditary blood disease center. The sample of this stud

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Fernandes, Silvia de Souza Campos, Dirceu Solé, Paulo Camargos, Cláudia Ribeiro de Andrade, and Cássio da Cunha Ibiapina. "Factors associated with asthma expression in adolescents." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 44, no. 1 (2018): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562017000000078.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate risk factors associated with asthma symptoms in adolescents in the 13- to 14-year age bracket. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving adolescents enrolled in randomly selected public schools in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, and conducted with the use of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire and its supplementary module for risk factor assessment. The ISAAC questionnaire was completed by the students themselves, whereas the supplementary questionnaire was completed by their parents or legal guardians

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Huang, Zhiwei, Lei Zhang, Yan Li, et al. "Population Pharmacodynamic Models of Risperidone on PANSS Total Scores and Prolactin Levels in Schizophrenia." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 2 (2024): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17020148.

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Currently, research predominantly focuses on evaluating clinical effects at specific time points while neglecting underlying patterns within the treatment process. This study aims to analyze the dynamic alterations in PANSS total scores and prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia treated with risperidone, along with the influencing covariates. Using data from an 8-week randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial, a population pharmacodynamic model was established for the PANSS total scores of and prolactin levels in patients treated with risperidone. The base model employed wa

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Lai, Ru Le, Jia Yin Cheng, Tianhao Zhang, et al. "Development of a nomogram for predicting depression risk in patients with chronic kidney disease: an analysis of data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2014." BMJ Open 15, no. 2 (2025): e089956. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089956.

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ObjectivesDepression frequently occurs among individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD), diminishing life quality considerably while accelerating the disease course. This study aims to create a predictive model to identify patients with CKD at high risk for depression.DesignAnalysis of cross-sectional data.SettingUS National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2014).ParticipantsA total of 2303 patients with CKD (weighted=17 422 083) with complete data were included in the analysis.Outcome measuresWe used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression for

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Bamorovat, Mehdi, Iraj Sharifi, Shahriar Dabiri, et al. "Major risk factors and histopathological profile of treatment failure, relapse and chronic patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: A prospective case-control study on treatment outcome and their medical importance." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 1 (2021): e0009089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009089.

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Over the last years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of unresponsive patients with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) reported worldwide. The primary objective of this study was to explore the role of demographic, clinical and environmental risk related-factors in the development of treatment failure, relapse and chronic cases compared to responsive patients with ACL. Moreover, molecular, histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) findings between these forms were explored. This work was undertaken as a prospective and case-control study in southeastern Iran. C

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Mondal, MAH, MS Parvin, SC Sarker, AKMA Rahman, and MT Islam. "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle in Mymensingh Sadar." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 12, no. 2 (2014): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21283.

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of zoonotic importance as well as high priority all over the world. Risk factors for bovine tuberculosis in cattle are not well investigated in Bangladesh. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the associated risk factors for bTB along with determination of prevalence in cattle of Mymensingh Sadar. A cross-sectional study was carried out to elucidate on 101 cattle from 56 households during January to May 2012. The direct interview using a questionnaire and physical examination of cattle was performed to collect farm and animal level data.

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Baik, Dongyup, Seok-Ran Yeom, Sung-Wook Park, et al. "The Addition of ROTEM Parameter Did Not Significantly Improve the Massive Transfusion Prediction in Severe Trauma Patients." Emergency Medicine International 2022 (October 15, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7219812.

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Background. Rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) has been used to evaluate the coagulation state, predict transfusion, and optimize hemostatic management in trauma patients. However, there were limited studies on whether the prediction value could be improved by adding the ROTEM parameter to the prediction model for in-hospital mortality and massive transfusion (MT) in trauma patients. Objective. This study assessed whether ROTEM data could improve the MT prediction model. Method. This was a single-center, retrospective study. Patients who presented to the trauma center and underwent ROTEM bet

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Maselli-Schoueri, Jean Henri, Luis Eduardo Werneck De Carvalho, Laercio da Silva Paiva, et al. "Ovarian cancer mortality: implications of income-inequality and availability of medical doctors in Brazil." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): e22520-e22520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e22520.

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e22520 Background: Ovarian cancer mortality varies by region and age group in Brazil. However, it is still unknown if socioeconomic inequalities may affect its outcome even if indirectly as it happens for other gynecologic neoplasms in the country. Methods: Ecological study conducted with secondary data from 2016-2018 to examine the relationship between income-inequality and the amount of doctors per inhabitant on ovarian cancer mortality in Brazil. All data were gathered from Brazil’s public health system. Mortality was analyzed by sex and age, which was standardized according to the World He

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Ekanayake, Piyal, Windhya Rankothge, Rukmal Weliwatta, and Jeevani W. Jayasinghe. "Machine Learning Modelling of the Relationship between Weather and Paddy Yield in Sri Lanka." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (May 29, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9941899.

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This paper presents the development of crop-weather models for the paddy yield in Sri Lanka based on nine weather indices, namely, rainfall, relative humidity (minimum and maximum), temperature (minimum and maximum), wind speed (morning and evening), evaporation, and sunshine hours. The statistics of seven geographical regions, which contribute to about two-thirds of the country’s total paddy production, were used for this study. The significance of the weather indices on the paddy yield was explored by employing Random Forest (RF) and the variable importance of each of them was determined. Pe

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Papaioannou, Konstantinos-Georgios, Fawzi Kadi, and Andreas Nilsson. "Benefits of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Are Independent of Physical Activity Behaviors in Older Adults." Nutrients 14, no. 2 (2022): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14020263.

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Although consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) is suggested to reduce metabolic risk, there is a paucity of studies taking advantage of objectively assessed physical activity (PA) behaviors when exploring links between FV intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older adults. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between FV intake and MetS prevalence in a population of older community-dwelling adults, while considering time spent being sedentary and health-enhancing PA. Prevalence of MetS was determined in a population of 93 men and 152 women (age: 65–70 years). FV

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Suriyanusorn, Pimploy, Thanin Lokeskrawee, Jayanton Patumanond, Suppachai Lawanaskol, and Pakpoom Wongyikul. "Development of clinical prediction model to guide the use of CT head scans for non-traumatic Thai patient with seizure: A cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 7 (2024): e0305484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305484.

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The aim of this study was to develop clinical predictor tools for guiding the use of computed tomography (CT) head scans in non-traumatic Thai patients presented with seizure. A prediction model using a retrospective cross-sectional design was conducted. We recruited adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) who had been diagnosed with seizures by their physicians and had undergone CT head scans for further investigation. Positive CT head defined as the presence of any new lesion that related to the patient’s presented seizure officially reported by radiologist. A total of 9 candidate predictors were p

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Fheodoroff, Klemens, Jorge Jacinto, Stephen Ashford, et al. "Predictors of real-world response in adults treated with botulinumtoxin-A for upper limb spasticity." Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 7, no. 1 (2024): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ph9.0000000000000030.

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Background: To explore predictors of treatment response in adults receiving botulinumtoxin-A (BoNT-A) for upper limb spasticity (ULS) and to describe the association between response and concomitant medication, professional physical therapy, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the longitudinal Upper Limb International Spasticity study (ULIS-III) data set. Eligible patients were adults receiving/initiating BoNT-A treatment for ULS in clinical practice. The treatment response was a goal attainment scaling (GAS) T score change of ≥10 points from baseline to follow

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