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Journal articles on the topic 'Backyard gardens'
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Salazar, Ami Dasig, Pauline Werner, and Elene Cloete. "“If You Plant Something, You Will Harvest Something”: Backyard Gardening and Community Development in Rural Philippines." Practicing Anthropology 42, no. 2 (2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/0888-4552.42.2.10.
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Abstract This article explores the intangible benefits of backyard gardening for community development. Research confirms backyard gardening as a productive approach of communities toward greater food security and biodiversity. Those are, however, not these gardens' only benefits. Using the case of a backyard gardening project implemented by a community-based organization in rural Philippines, we argue that the benefits of backyard gardens stretch beyond health and finance. These gardens also increase local community-based organizations' institutional capacity while fostering community-wide cohesion, rekindling knowledge sources, and bolstering community members' sense of pride and personal freedom.
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Mokone, Neo, Michael Antwi, and Clarietta Chagwiza. "DO SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RURAL BACKYARD FARMERS’ HOUSEHOLDS DRIVE INCOME GENERATION FROM BACKYARD FARMING? EVIDENCE FROM NORTH WEST PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development 49, no. 3 (2018): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2018.00396.
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People in most developing countries’ rural areas around the world face food insecurity and malnutrition due to many factors, including low purchasing power. There is renewed interest in backyard or home gardens as a source of income and a pathway out of poverty and food insecurity among rural households. This paper identifies and analyzes the factors that influence income generation from backyard farming among backyard farmers in the rural communities of Bojanala district municipality in the North West province. Using a structured questionnaire, cross-sectional data was collected from 220 backyard farmers. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data; the findings reveal that gender of household head, formal employment, farm ownership, farming experience and annual income from livestock had a positive and significant influence on income generation from backyard farming. To maximize the potential of backyard gardens as a source of income generation and livelihood, policymakers and relevant government departments must pay close attention to these variables
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Kealeboga, Sekgopa T., Lagat K. Job, and Tselaesele M. Nelson. "Profitability of Small Scale Vegetable Production in Southern District, Botswana." Journal of Agricultural Studies 5, no. 1 (2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v5i1.10199.
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Government determination to eradicate extreme poverty and food insecurity among Batswana through small scale vegetable production program appears not to transform their economic stance. Rural households that are part of Poverty Eradication Programme were investigated to determine if backyard gardens were profitable enough to improve incomes, reduce extreme poverty, and increase food security. The study aimed at analysing profitability and identifying factors that affect profitability of backyard gardening. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 100 rural households who are part of the backyard garden scheme. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and regression analysis. Results indicated that backyard gardening was a viable activity though profitability was affected by amount of fertilizer applied, market availability and area planted. Beneficiaries indicated that the production and marketing constraints they faced included pests and diseases, lack of water, lack of market and poor prices. Program leaders must recognize the production and marketing constraints themselves as well as plan for the possibility that continual financial support for investment in the initial years of operation.
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Basarir, Aydin, Noura M. N. Al Mansouri, and Zienab F. R. Ahmed. "Householders Attitude, Preferences, and Willingness to Have Home Garden at Time of Pandemics." Horticulturae 8, no. 1 (2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010056.
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The value of home gardens has become more apparent among tenants forced into isolation in difficult and uncertain times arising since the COVID-19 pandemic started at the beginning of 2020. While gardens make a significant contribution to the social and ecological environment of cities, most studies have focused on public green spaces. Investigating householder preferences for gardens during and after the mandatory lockdown period in the UAE is required. The main objective of this study is to analyze the householder’s attitude, preferences, and willingness to have home gardens during the pandemic and after. The data were collected via an online survey of randomly selected respondents. A logistic econometrical model was utilized to analyze the factors affecting respondent preferences regarding having a garden. According to the results, the probability of having a garden increases among respondents who produce some crops, have attained Msc/PhD. level, a backyard, and a larger space to cultivate. It decreases among those who are married, find it hard to take care of a garden, and face a weed problem. In conclusions, it is highly recommended for householders to have home gardens, which can provide a quality lifestyle and enhance leisure time during the pandemic and after.
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David, Oladipo Olalekan, and Wynand Grobler. "Status Quo of Households’ Backyard Food Gardens in South Africa: The “Drivers”." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (2022): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052674.
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South Africa is one of the most food-secured countries at the national level but is food insecure at the household level. The disconnect in the food security at the national and at household level in the economy is a result of high food prices that most households cannot afford. One of the strategies of ameliorating food insecurity at the household level is the practice of backyard food gardens. This study identifies farmland size, land tenure system, agriculture-related assistance to households, location of residence of the household, agricultural training offered to households, and monetary grants for households for agriculture purpose as the determinants of households’ backyard food gardens in South Africa. The study used descriptive (horizontal bar chart) and inferential (Pearson’s chi-square) analyses to evaluate the household-level impacts of farmland size, land tenure system, agriculture-related assistance, location of residence, agricultural training, and monetary grants for agriculture purposes of the backyard food gardens in South Africa. The data for the study were sourced from the Statistics South Africa’s General Household Survey for 2019. The findings revealed that farmland size, land tenure system, agriculture-related assistance to households, location of residence of the household, agricultural training offered to households, and monetary grants for households for agriculture purposes are significant to households’ backyard food gardens in South Africa. It is clear that agriculture-related assistance is welcomed by the households but the spread across all dwelling locations is limited; therefore, there is need to spread agriculture-related assistance to all dwelling areas in South Africa. This will increase the drive towards food production in South Africa.
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Asali, Jamil Saeed. "Effectiveness of Indoor Plants Using Home Design Ergonomics in Improving Indoor Air Quality and Human Health: A Systematic Review." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 15, no. 2 (2022): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.2.1.
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Indoor or houseplants are pretty good for health and several studies have shown and confirmed that indoor plants improve the concentration and productivity of the residents. Their presence decreases the stress levels and significantly eliminate common air pollutants. In a limited space, the home garden is an integrated system that produces a variety of foods and agricultural products, including staple crops, vegetables, fruits, medicinal plants and more. The importance of the backyard garden as a source of biological diversity is recognized in this context. When it comes to home gardens, whether in rural or urban regions, the structure and multi-functionality allow for the supply of multiple advantages for both ecosystems and humans. Home gardens conserve a significant amount of genetic variation in plants, both between and within species. Gardening at home is a significant part of social and cultural life, as well as a way for families to earn more money and improve their lives. This review has described the importance of plants in the home and role of home garden prevailing in Saudi Arabia. Biocultural and biological relevance of home gardens are addressed, along with future research challenges and opportunities that could help define and promote the role of house gardens in agricultural biodiversity conservation and cultural legacy preservation.
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Head, Lesley, Pat Muir, and Eva Hampel. "Australian Backyard Gardens and the Journey of Migration." Geographical Review 94, no. 3 (2004): 326–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2004.tb00176.x.
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Albicz, Kinga, and Nóra Hubayné Horváth. "Az egykori zártkertek tájértékei és tájképvédelmi jelentősége." Journal of Landscape Architecture and Garden Art, no. 69 (December 11, 2023): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36249/4d.69.4437.
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The term “allotment garden” is a special form of land use, developed in Hungary under socialism in the early 1960s. It originally referred to privately owned small parcels of land, traditionally vineyards, orchards and gardens, which offered their owners weekend recreation in addition to the opportunity of backyard farming. However, the vast majority of allotment gardens have a historical background, with horticulture having existed before gardens were classified as allotment gardens. Since their creation, allotment gardens have undergone a significant change of function. Some have been preserved for traditional small-scale garden farming, while others were integrated into settlements as residential areas, or grassy, neglected, afforested areas. Despite the process of transformation and degradation, allotment gardens still today contain various landscape features: they more or less preserve the characteristics of human conscious land-scape forming activities, landscape pattern, natural heritage and valuable visual features of the landscape, and in many cases the heritage of historic land use and remained traces of farming. This article approaches the value of allotment gardens from a heritage and visual landscape protection viewpoint, at national and sample area level. The aim of the study is to explore vineyard origins and landscape significance of allotment gardens and to present the unique landscape features of allotment gardens applying geographic information methods. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of the vineyard origins analysis revealed that the vineyard past as a historical antecedent can be detected in a significant part of the total area of allotment gardens. The results of the study indicated that unique landscape features occur at a density almost five times higher than the national average in the allotment-garden areas. One-third of the country's unique landscape features related to vine and fruit production are concentrated in these areas. However, the research also revealed that the survey on allotment garden landscape features of cultural and historical significance is far from being complete. Presumably, there are many more landscape features (cellars, gorges and retaining walls of stone) in the allotment gardens than are recorded in the unique landscape feature database. The significance of allotment gardens in the protection of the visual landscape is confirmed by the fact that the proportion of allotment garden patches classified as zones of visually sensitive landscapes is almost one and a halftimes the national rate.
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Head, Lesley, and Pat Muir. "Changing cultures of water in eastern Australian backyard gardens." Social & Cultural Geography 8, no. 6 (2007): 889–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649360701712651.
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Johnson, James. "Promoting the Residential Habitat Garden through Education." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 911F—911. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.911f.
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As the need to design residential landscapes in an environmentally sensitive manner becomes more apparent, the demand for educational materials and activities that promote the habitat garden is growing. In response to this need, an educational plan, ranging from the publication of a booklet to the implementation of a demonstration garden, has been undertaken. The booklet should serve both the homeowner and the professional designer interested in wildlife-sensitive designs. Horticultural faculty and students are being organized to implement one of my designs on the Clemson Univ. campus to demonstrate the habitat garden concepts found in the booklet. Working with local homeowners by designing and having their yards certified by the National Wildlife Federation as “Backyard Wildlife Habitats” has also served to promote the habitat garden. I am also working with the Dept. of Horticulture and senior citizen volunteers to raise money to build a demonstration garden in the South Carolina State Botanical Garden. The incorporation of written materials, designs, certifications, and demonstration gardens into an educational package has resulted in a community effort to promote the habitat garden.
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Johnson, James. "Promoting the Residential Habitat Garden through Education." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 911F—911. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.911.
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As the need to design residential landscapes in an environmentally sensitive manner becomes more apparent, the demand for educational materials and activities that promote the habitat garden is growing. In response to this need, an educational plan, ranging from the publication of a booklet to the implementation of a demonstration garden, has been undertaken. The booklet should serve both the homeowner and the professional designer interested in wildlife-sensitive designs. Horticultural faculty and students are being organized to implement one of my designs on the Clemson Univ. campus to demonstrate the habitat garden concepts found in the booklet. Working with local homeowners by designing and having their yards certified by the National Wildlife Federation as “Backyard Wildlife Habitats” has also served to promote the habitat garden. I am also working with the Dept. of Horticulture and senior citizen volunteers to raise money to build a demonstration garden in the South Carolina State Botanical Garden. The incorporation of written materials, designs, certifications, and demonstration gardens into an educational package has resulted in a community effort to promote the habitat garden.
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Darly, Ségolène, Thierry Feuillet, and Clémence Laforêt. "Home Gardening and the Social Divide of Suburban Space: Methodological Proposal for the Spatial Analysis of a Social Practice in the Greater Paris Urban Area." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (2021): 3243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063243.
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This paper explores home gardening geography in metropolitan outskirts, seen as a major asset and challenge of the alternative suburban city model. Studies that estimate the domestic production of backyard gardens are scarce, but they all confirm the persistence of an ancient and “ordinary” phenomenon still firmly rooted in the food landscape of the globalised North cities. To fill a gap in European alternative urban and food systems studies, we focus on the case of two subsectors of the extended suburban belt of greater Paris agglomeration. We designed and performed a spatial analysis protocol that differentiates vegetable garden types to test spatial relationships between environmental and intrinsic factors and assess clustering patterns. We had to overcome several methodological barriers by building an original vegetable gardens database and applying distinct qualitative and quantitative methods. Our results show spatial home gardening patterns differentiation at three intertwined levels: At the micro-level of domestic space (according to the size and share of vegetable plots); at the house block level (according to their socio-economic and built environment profile); and at the level of the housing estates or urban agglomeration (according to the geography of social specialisation).
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Cameron, Jenny, and Sarah Wright. "Researching diverse food initiatives: from backyard and community gardens to international markets." Local Environment 19, no. 1 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2013.835096.
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Chen, Zhehua, Qing Xu, Xiangpin Zhou, and Yanping Yang. "New Insights into the Layering Process of Urban Environment and Private Garden Transformations: A Case Study on the Bubbling Well Road Area in Early Modern Times, Shanghai." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 13939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813939.
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The surrounding area of Bubbling Well Road in early modern times, Shanghai, served as an important transportation hub connecting the western and central districts of Shanghai’s International Settlement. It also marked the beginning of a half-century trend of profit-oriented private gardens. The development process from rural outskirts to bustling commercial areas is exemplified by the area of Bubbling Well Road, making it significant for the study of urban transformation in early modern times in Shanghai. In this work, private gardens in the vicinity of Bubbling Well Road are examined as hierarchical elements of urban subdivision using the layering approach of the Historic Urban Landscape. Based on summarizing the trajectory of different types of private gardens under urbanization, typical time nodes were extracted and then horizontally correlated with the process of urbanization to elucidate the hierarchical logic underlying the symbiotic interaction between private gardens and cities. The results show that private gardens have created new hot spots and gathered a lot of popularity for the Jing’an Temple area, prompting this area to gradually evolve from a traditional town to a “backyard garden” of Concession dominated by the entertainment industry. Through the rapid development of the modern entertainment, commerce, and real estate industries, the Jing’an Temple area successfully embraced the trend of developing Concession to the West while achieving transformations in business models and urban style. Finally, with the assistance of the transitional entertainment space, such as profit-oriented gardens, the Jing’an Temple area has successfully undergone a transformation into a modern entertainment industry hub and solidified its commercial status as the “consumption circle” of Shanghai. We systematically investigated the significance of the urban subdivision layer in relation to the temporal changes in the urban environmental structure and the evolution of spatial organization patterns at the macro level; this helps deepen the historical urban landscape approach from an ideological framework level to the practical level.
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Habtamu, Tseganesh, Sindu Debebe, Tegegn Solomon, Eshetu Zerihun Tariku, and Selamawit Gebeyehu Tiruneh. "Dietary Diversity Feeding Practice and Its Associated Factors among Infants and Young Children Aged between 6 and 23 Months in Birbir Town, Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021 (April 5, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3806360.
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A significant proportion of infant and young child mortality can be prevented by the provision of a diverse diet. Globally, an estimated 45% of deaths of children under the age of 5 are because of malnutrition. More than two-thirds of these deaths are associated with inappropriate child-feeding practices. This situation is the worst in Ethiopia. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the status of dietary diversity and identify relevant variables. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 335 randomly selected mothers/caregivers who had infants and young children aged between 6 and 23 months. Data were collected by interview with a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 23. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with dietary diversity practices and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05 . Only 12.6% (95% CI; 9.2, 16.6) of children aged 6 to 23 months had adequate dietary diversity. Having a backyard garden and primary education were associated with adequate dietary diversity practices. In this study, the status of adequate dietary diversity feeding practice is low. Therefore, interventions targeting dietary diversity should encourage households to have backyard gardens, and strengthening counseling of mothers/caregivers attending antenatal care and postnatal care is proposed for achieving adequate dietary diversity practices.
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Kraisitudomsook, Nattapol, and Matthew E. Smith. "Bird’s Nest Fungi: Charismatic Mushrooms in Your Garden." EDIS 2021, no. 1 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-pp361-2020.
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The “bird’s nest” fungi (Nidulariaceae) are charismatic mushrooms that look like small nests containing multiple tiny eggs. Because the ecological role of bird’s nest fungi is to decompose wood, they are extremely common in disturbed areas with plant debris and mulch, such as trails and backyard gardens. These fungi tend to grow in large clusters, so it is common to see ten to a hundred of these “nests” at once. Bird’s nest fungi are not considered dangerous to plants, animals, or humans. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Plant Pathology Department was written by Nattapol Kraisitudomsook and Matthew E. Smith.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pp361
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Head, Lesley, and Pat Muir. "Suburban life and the boundaries of nature: resilience and rupture in Australian backyard gardens." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 31, no. 4 (2006): 505–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5661.2006.00228.x.
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Bellisario, Kristen, and Christie Shee. "Silence: A Novel Co-Produced Experience To Build Community Awareness Of Biodiversity Loss." Engaged Scholar Journal: Community-Engaged Research, Teaching, and Learning 10, no. 1 (2024): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15402/esj.v10i1.70861.
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The current sounds of our world are under threat of disappearing. Undergraduate students and interdisciplinary university teams are at the forefront of generating collaborative research opportunities to create community awareness of biodiversity loss and conservation practices. Recent conservation research has focused on how local communities can begin to reverse the trends of biodiversity loss by using private residences and urban spaces. The inclusion of native plants in backyard gardens is an accessible way to promote ecological restoration. In this co-produced instructional exhibit, “Earth Day Celebration: Silence,” we introduce a novel experiential event that connects instructional design with community collaboration. The event was designed to explore the ways in which society can become engaged in the preservation and protection of biodiversity and our sonic world.
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Galluzzi, G., and V. Negri. "CONTRIBUTION OF BACKYARD GARDENS TO CONSERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND TO HUMAN WELL-BEING." Acta Horticulturae, no. 881 (November 2010): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.881.22.
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guttman, naomi, and roberta l. krueger. "Utica Greens: Central New York's Italian-American Specialty." Gastronomica 9, no. 3 (2009): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2009.9.3.63.
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In a cuisine known best for its ample portions of pasta and in a cold climate favoring hearty food, Utica Greens, a méélange of sautééed escarole, cherry peppers, garlic, cheese, prosciutto, breadcrumbs and olive oil, has become a regional specialty. ““Greens”” now appear on the menu of virtually every Italian-American restaurant in Utica and can be found on buffet tables at receptions and potlucks in the surrounding area. Incorporating interviews with chefs and household cooks, this article charts the history of Utica Greens from its origins as a humble dish prepared in Italian-American family kitchens to its appearance in local restaurants where it has become a nostalgic marker of a time when people grew their own food in backyard gardens and home-grown vegetables were at the center of family life.
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Aambaliya, Paresh, Chetan R. Dudhagara, and Ashish B. Mahera. "Perception and Problems of Kitchen Gardening in Jamnagar District of Gujarat, India." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 7 (2024): 631–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72616.
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India has experienced a green revolution in cereal production, providing food security but also necessitating a shift in nutrient supplemental crop production. Kitchen garden production is a simple way to ensure access to a healthy diet with adequate macro- and micronutrients, leading to direct income through surplus production and indirect income through savings and better trade. The study on Perception and Problems of Kitchen Gardening explored the socio-economic profiles, perceptions, and problems faced by kitchen gardeners in the Jamnagar region. Surveying 210 respondents, the study utilized semi-structured schedules and analysed the data using tabular, percentage, Garrett ranking, and weighted average mean methods. Study found that 40.48% of respondents came from families with over five members, while most had families of three to five members. Researchers surveyed respondents from various income groups. Over half of the respondents (51.90%) were engaged in agriculture and dairy farming. Kitchen garden sizes generally ranged from 51-100 sq. ft. to over 150 sq. ft., with traditional backyard gardens being the most prevalent. All participants were active in kitchen gardening, motivated by self-sufficiency, healthier eating, and sustainable living. Popular vegetables growing in kitchen gardening included cluster bean, tomatoes, brinjals, and okra in the study area. Despite recognizing the benefits, respondents also reported few problems which were impeding their practice in kitchen gardening. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving productivity and promoting sustainable food production practices.
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Ujj, Apolka, Kinga Percsi, Andras Beres, et al. "Analysis of Quality of Backyard Compost and Its Potential Utilization as a Circular Bio-Waste Source." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 4392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104392.
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The use and quality analysis of household compost have become very important issues in recent years due to the increasing interest in local food production and safe, self-produced food. The phenomenon was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine period, which gave new impetus to the growth of small home gardens. However, the knowledge associated with making high-quality compost is often lacking in home gardeners. Therefore, the objective of this research was to find answers to the following questions: can the quality of backyard compost be considered safe in terms of toxicity and nutrient content? Can weed seed dispersion affect the usability of backyard compost? In general, can the circulation of organic matter be increased with the spread of home composting? In this study, 16 different house composts were analysed for stability, weed seed contamination, toxic elements, and nutrient content using analysis of variance. The results of the research showed that the quality properties of the composts (including their weed seed dispersion effect) were greatly influenced by the different techniques and raw materials used. The toxicity levels, as well as the content of macro and microelements, were within the parameters of safe-quality compost. The specific macronutrient (Ca, Mg) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn) contents of the tested composts have a similar and, in some cases, more favorable nutrient supply capacity in crop production than the frequently-used cow manure-based composts. With a plan of basic education on composting, there is potential to encourage farmyard composting.
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Pardee, Gabriella L., and Stacy M. Philpott. "Native plants are the bee’s knees: local and landscape predictors of bee richness and abundance in backyard gardens." Urban Ecosystems 17, no. 3 (2014): 641–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11252-014-0349-0.
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Gao, Gary. "382 The Southwest Ohio Fruit and Vegetable School—A Successful Multi-county Program." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 458D—458. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.458d.
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Southwest Ohio Fruit and Vegetable School is a regional training program for both commercial growers and amateur gardeners. The program has been sponsored by four county Extension offices in Southwest Ohio and has attracted a total attendance of 571 since 1995. We have offered two concurrent sessions, one for commercial fruit and vegetable growers, and one for amateur gardeners. This combination has proven to be the key factor in the success of the program. Attendees are allowed to move between the commercial and amateur sessions. Many commercial growers brought their spouses along since there were good topics for both of them. Backyard gardeners benefitted from the commercial session since the information was very applicable to their situation. Commercial growers also receive their pesticide recertification credits. Some of the popular topics for the commercial session included: management of diseases, insects, and weeds of fruits and vegetables; production of fresh market tomatoes, green beans, peppers, sweet corn, and pumpkins; production of herbs and specialty crops; production of apples, raspberries, strawberries, and blueberries. Popular topics for the non-commercial session included: growing tree fruits and small fruits in home gardens; raised bed gardening; growing giant pumpkins; nuisance wildlife damage control; growing and using culinary herbs; beneficial insects; and managing garden pests without using conventional insecticides. The Southwest Ohio Fruit and Vegetable School has been a very successful training program and could serve as a good model for other county Extension educators.
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Mieriņa, Inese, Laura Jakaite, Sabine Kristone, Laura Adere, and Mara Jure. "Extracts of Peppermint, Chamomile and Lavender as Antioxidants." Key Engineering Materials 762 (February 2018): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.762.31.
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This paper is devoted to the studies of total polyphenol content and antiradical activity of peppermint, chamomile and lavender grown in local backyard gardens of Latvia. Different solvents (96, 70 and 40% ethanol) and extraction methods (maceration at room temperature at dark or under day-light irradiation, as well as reflux) were tested. All extracts were analyzed for total polyphenol content (Folin–Ciocalteu method), as well as for antiradical activity (DPPH and GO assays). It was found out that local peppermint and chamomile is as good source of polyphenols as those plants grown in southern countries; however, the total polyphenol content of lavender is lower than that mentioned in literature. The highest polyphenol content for all plant materials was achieved, when 70% ethanol was used for extraction. Peppermint extracts were found as most powerful free radical scavengers among all tested plant materials. 96% Ethanol extract of peppermint and chamomile demonstrated the highest antiradical activity, while 70% ethanol was the most suitable for preparation of lavender extract with optimal free radical scavenging activity.
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Linares, Olga F. "Cultivating biological and cultural diversity: urban farming in Casamance, Senegal." Africa 66, no. 1 (1996): 104–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161514.
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AbstractAt the present time, urban agriculture—that is, the growing of food crops in backyard gardens, unused city spaces and peripheral zones—is an economically viable alternative for many African migrants. Although previously ‘invisible’ to most developers and economists, urban farming is now recognised as playing a crucial subsistence role in the household economies of lower-income people living in major West African cities. But the practice does more than feed the urban poor. Using the example of Ziguinchor in Casamance, Senegal, it is argued that growing crops in peri-urban and intra-urban zones, on otherwise neglected or half-built-up land, also protects and enriches the city environment while increasing the primary productivity of the inhabitants. Directly, or in more subtle ways, the practice strengthens bonds of friendship, and promotes inter-ethnic co-operation while at the same time helping to maintain biological complexity in interesting and previously unexplored ways. City farming may provide a context through which the urban poor can relate to debates about biodiversity.
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Darwance, D., and D. Haryadi. "Policymakers’ perception regarding tin mining impacts on local varieties as intellectual property (case study in the Bangka Belitung islands)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1355, no. 1 (2024): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1355/1/012007.
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Abstract In addition to being one of the world’s leading producers of white pepper, the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, is also known for its abundant tin production. This implies the existence of rigorous mining activities in the region. Prior to unrestricted mining, tin could only be mined by specific companies authorized by the government. At that time, a majority of the population still worked as farmers. Moreover, mining, which was limited to specific areas, did not have a significant impact on the environmental conditions, including the various types of local varieties in this region. Besides extensive marine mining, unregulated mining has already been carried out on land, including in forests, plantations, and backyard gardens containing local plants. This research employs a juridical-empirical method, examining the interrelation between tin mining and the existence of local varieties as intellectual property, while also assessing the policymakers’ perception of the ongoing situation. The study findings indicate that a majority of policymakers acknowledge that the extensive tin mining actually impacts the existence of local varieties that have existed, both registered and unregistered.
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Issarakraisila, M., and S. Somsri. "‘Som Kandarn’ (Garcinia atroviridis Griff.), a high-potential cultivar for mixed-fruit-cropping orchards and backyard gardens in humid tropical environments." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1186 (November 2017): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2017.1186.8.
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Budiarto, Rahmat, Roedhy Poerwanto, Edi Santosa, and Darda Efendi. "The Potentials of Limau (Citrus amblycarpa Hassk. Ochse) as A Functional Food and Ornamental Mini Tree Based on Metabolomic and Morphological Approaches." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 4, no. 2 (2017): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.4.2.49-57.
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Limau (Citrus amblycarpa (Hassk.) Ochse) is one of the native Citrus species of West Java that is grown in the local backyard, thus is easily found in local cuisines. Limau has great potentials for use as a potted plant in home gardens for its aesthetic value and fragrance. The objective of this research was to describe the metabolites fingerprint and morphology of Limau as a potential functional and ornamental mini tree. Methanol leaf extracts from one-year-old Limau originated from Bogor were analyzed using untargeted Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Methanol leaf extract was dominated by vitamin E and composed of other 18 metabolites including phytosterols, fatty acids and terpenes. The major portion of fruit extract consisted of 6-octadecenoic acid, palmitate and various fragrance compounds such as alpha sinensal, alpha limonene, beta citronellal, citronellol, and sabinene. Limau fruits are also a functional food due to its rich antioxidant and aromatic content in the fruits. The morphology of limau tree is suitable as a potted ornamentals or mini-fruits tree for its small crown, sparse branching with unifoliate aromatic leaves and small spines, and plentiful aromatics mini fruits with the diameter of around 2-4 cm.
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Salami, A. O., and C. Nwadike. "An Evaluation of the Potentials of Moringa oleifera Lam), A Vegetable and Hedgerow Plant for Diet Supplements and Multipurpose Utilizations." Journal of Plant Studies 9, no. 1 (2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jps.v9n1p59.
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A survey was carried out to evaluate the potentials of Moringa oleifera (Lam) within and outside the Kano metropolis of Kano state, Nigeria, where it serves as vegetable and hedgerow plant for diet supplements and multipurpose utilizations. Structured interview was used with a total of 100 respondents, randomly spread. In the Kano metropolis, which falls within the Kano city, 4 Local Government Areas (LGAs) were covered. These are: Nassarawa, Ungogo, Tarauni and Dala; while Madobi, Minjiibir, Garun Mallam and Dambatta LGAs were covered outside the Kano metropolis. Results of the structured interview using the Convenience Sampling Technique revealed that Moringa is very rich nutritionally, economically and medicinally. Moringa utilization cuts across various categories of people with 69% usage recorded for male and 40% for literate users, while students and civil servants had 21% each. Moringa farmers that cultivates simultaneously on farmlands and backyard gardens were however 73%. Analysis of results further indicated that the plant is rated very high as diet supplements in the state, owing to the fact that it is very rich nutritionally, apart from its economic and medicinal values. It is however recommended that its nursery propagation be encouraged, and community interest in its cultivation mobilized.
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MCLAURIN, W. J., and G. L. WADE. "INITIATING A STATE-WIDE HOME COMPOSTING PROGRAM." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 524a—524. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.524a.
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Sites in 12 locations throughout the state of Georgia were selected by the Department of Community Affairs. Each site contained up to eight types of composting bins and offered a self-guided tour with the appropriate signage at each of twelve stops.The authors conducted meetings at 10 of the 12 sites. Using handouts, slide sets, videos, posters, hands-on demonstrations, and lectures, the demonstration team gave presentations designed to inform selected participants concerning the amount of home-generated compostable waste that currently goes into the landfills and the simple, “fail-safe”procedures they could use at home to turn this waste into an effective mulch/soil amendment for their yards and gardens.Each participant received an information packet and a copy of The Home Composting Handbook, edited by the authors. During the meeting the demonstration team discussed composting structures, ways to build a backyard compost pile, and methods of maintaining the pile. Participants watched the actual building of a compost pile on site with materials typically found in local yards and gardens. Also, the demonstration team offered participants information on ways to involve the community and individuals within the community in implementation of home composting.
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Ninsheka, Leonard, Edward Ssemakula, Christopher Tiyo, Rebecca Kalibwani, and Wilson Mugizi. "Analysis of the Influence of Forms of Urban Agriculture on the Socio-Economic Status of the Farmers in Kampala and Mbarara Cities, Uganda." East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology 7, no. 1 (2024): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajab.7.1.1975.
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The study analysed the influence of the forms and drivers of urban agriculture on the socio-economic status of farmers in Kampala and Mbarara cities in Uganda. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design using multiple methods of data collection. A multistage cluster sampling technique involving simple random sampling to get both primary and secondary sampling units, snowball to get target respondents and purposive sampling for key informants and focus group members was used. Data were collected using social survey questionnaires for households, focus group discussions checklist (FGDs), key informant interview guides and observations, from a sample of 384 respondents. The study found a strong association between forms of urban agriculture and the socioeconomic status of the urban farmers in Kampala and Mbarara Cities. Subsistence forms (backyard, roadside and rooftop gardens), commercial forms (zero grazing, poultry, fish farms and crop farms), and tourist forms (demonstration sites) had a significant influence on household food and income security of urban farmers. The study established the lack of land, improved technologies and training as major obstacles and recommended the establishment of community networks, availing subsidies and credit and recruitment of extension personnel as interventions to help urban farmers
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Wilson, Stephen, and Mary Hague. "956 PB 479 A WILDLIFE HABITAT IN THE SOUTH CAROLINA BOTANICALGARDEN." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 570f—570. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.570f.
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America's rejuvenated interest in environmentalism provides landscape designers an excellent opportunity to integrate natural wildlife habitats within the landscape. Due to urbanization and rapid development, niches for many animals are being destroyed. Too often we rely on our state and national parks to replace what is lost, when we really should begin In our own backyards. In conjunction with the South Carolina Wildlife Federation, the South Carolina State Botanical Garden has initiated a program that will create a Backyard Wildlife Habitat. The purpose of my project is to create a garden with ornamental and native flora to attract local fauna, while educating botanical garden visitors to concepts that they can apply In their own back yards, neighborhoods, schools. and communities. My presentation will outline the goals, methodology, and results of the project. In addition, I will discuss the concepts that make a site a Backyard Wildlife Habitat.
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Bujdoso, Geza, Benjamin Illes, Virag Varjas, and Klara Cseke. "Is “Esterhazy II”, an Old Walnut Variety in the Hungarian Gene Bank, the Original Genotype?" Plants 10, no. 5 (2021): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10050854.
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The old walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotype called “Esterhazy II” was well-known in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy before World War II, and it can still be found in the Austrian, German and Swiss backyard gardens today. Unfortunately, nowadays, vegetatively propagated progenies of the original “Esterhazy II” are not available anymore around the world because walnut grafting started later than this genotype had become well-known. Although various accessions with “Esterhazy II”-“blood“ are available, it is difficult to determine which one can be considered true or the most similar to the original one. In this paper, phenological and nut morphological characteristics of an “Esterhazy II” specimen planted in a Hungarian gene bank were compared to the varieties “Milotai 10” and “Chandler”. Examined characteristics were: budbreak, blossom time, type of dichogamy, ripening time, nut and kernel features. An additional SSR fingerprinting was used to identify identical genotypes and to demonstrate the relatedness of the analyzed “Esterhazy II” genotype to the other Hungarian walnut cultivars. It can be concluded that under the name “Esterhazy II”, several different genotypes can be observed. All the checked characteristics except budbreak fitted well with the previous descriptions. Our results confirmed that the examined “Esterhazy II” genotype shows high similarity to the “original“ “Esterhazy II” described in the literature.
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Ustinov, Ivan Aleksandrovich. "Historical traditions of Moscow urban planning in the development of low-rise buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 457 (2023): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345703003.
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At present, it is necessary to preserve the scale of the existing urban environment, accounting for the accumulated urban planning experience and existing historical traditions. This will enable to find flexible urban planning solutions providing modern infrastructure for low-rise development in historically formed areas of the city and territories with special status. By the middle of the XIX century, Moscow residential development had represented two morphotypes: old low-rise sparse and low-rise perimeter, a consequence of the peculiarities of Muscovite life. The third morphotype, formed under the influence of the first two, was represented by individual architectural projects realized in the 1940s 1950s. Today, the concept of the private urban house with a homestead plot is still relevant. Townhouse is a form of urban dwelling with a small backyard. This form is a flexible entity combining the qualities of an urban house integrated into the urban system and a low-rise structure. Low-rise development retains an established historic scale whereas the historic fabric of the city remains unified and harmonious. Scale with historical architecture enables to integrate townhouses in the historically established areas of the city, without destroying formed city fabric. Townhouse fits into the natural landscape more harmoniously, continuing the tradition of the city and developing surrounded by gardens and parks.
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Kafle, Arun, James Hopeward, and Baden Myers. "Exploring Conventional Economic Viability as a Potential Barrier to Scalable Urban Agriculture: Examples from Two Divergent Development Contexts." Horticulturae 8, no. 8 (2022): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080691.
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Urban Agriculture (UA) is the widespread practice of food production within available city space using non-commercial, commercial and hybrid production technologies. The economic viability of UA remains a concern among UA practitioners. To investigate UA’s viability; land, labour and distribution cost are analyzed, and margin and benefit–cost ratio (BCR) under vacant lot, rooftop/backyard and discretionary labour UA are calculated. We present a straightforward approach to gauge the economic viability of UA taking examples from 40 distinct locations of two divergent development contexts of Adelaide, South Australia and Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. UA seems potentially viable by selecting high-value crops in Adelaide but showed little chance of viability under low-value crop scenarios in both contexts. The high cost of land is shown to be the primary driver of cost for UA. Labour cost appears to be a critical difference between the two cities, being an important constraint for the economic viability in Adelaide, where the wage rate is high. To improve economic viability, the respective governments and planners should consider better ways to avail subsidised land through policy intervention and volunteer or subsidised labour arrangement mechanisms. Home food gardens accessing available land and labour as a discretionary/spare time activity with zero distribution cost may represent the best way to produce food without exceeding market costs in cities.
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Murty, P. V. V. S., M. Vishnuvardhan Rao, and Mahtab S. Bamji. "Impact of Enriching the Diet of Women and Children Through Health and Nutrition Education, Introduction of Homestead Gardens and Backyard Poultry in Rural India." Agricultural Research 5, no. 2 (2016): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40003-016-0206-x.
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Pearson, Amber L., Victoria Breeze, Aaron Reuben, and Gwen Wyatt. "Increased Use of Porch or Backyard Nature during COVID-19 Associated with Lower Stress and Better Symptom Experience among Breast Cancer Patients." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 9102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179102.
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Contact with nature has been used to promote both physical and mental health, and is increasingly used among cancer patients. However, the COVID-19 pandemic created new challenges in both access to nature in public spaces and in cancer care. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the change in active and passive use of nature, places of engaging with nature and associations of nature contact with respect to improvements to perceived stress and symptom experience among breast cancer patients during the pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of people diagnosed with breast cancer using ResearchMatch (n = 56) in July 2020 (the first wave of COVID-19). In this US-based, predominantly white, affluent, highly educated, female sample, we found that, on average, participants were first diagnosed with breast cancer at 54 years old and at stage 2 or 3. Eighteen percent of participants experienced disruptions in their cancer care due to the pandemic. As expected, activities in public places significantly decreased as well, including use of parks/trails and botanical gardens. In contrast, spending time near home, on the porch or in the backyard significantly increased. Also observed were significant increases in indoor activities involving passive nature contact, such as watching birds through a window, listening to birdsong, and smelling rain or plants. Decreased usage of parks/trails was significantly associated with higher stress (Coef = −2.30, p = 0.030) and increased usage of the backyard/porch was significantly associated with lower stress (Coef = −2.69, p = 0.032), lower symptom distress (Coef = −0.80, p = 0.063) and lower symptom severity (Coef = −0.52, p = 0.009). The most commonly reported alternatives to outdoor engagement with nature were watching nature through a window (84%), followed by looking at images of nature (71%), and listening to nature through a window (66%). The least commonly enjoyed alternative was virtual reality of nature scenes (25%). While outdoor contact with nature away from home decreased, participants still found ways to experience the restorative benefits of nature in and around their home. Of special interest in planning interventions was the fact that actual or real nature was preferred over that experienced through technology. This could be an artifact of our sample, or could represent a desire to be in touch with the “real world” during a health crisis. Nature contact may represent a flexible strategy to decrease stress and improve symptom experience among patients with cancer, particularly during public health crises or disruptions to cancer care.
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Cazarin-Oliveira, Lígia Cristina, Leonardo Pereira Fraga, Manoela Volkweis Lombardi, Fabiana Sperb Volkweis, and Maria Julia Martins Silva. "Socio-environmental assessment of the impact of the African snail, Lissachatina fulica (Férussac), 1821, on the population of Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Brazil." Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences 44 (June 1, 2022): e59212. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59212.
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The introduction of the African snail Lissachatina fulica worldwide poses a risk to the environment, agriculture and human health. Considered a socio-environmental pest it causes problems to plantations and gardens, in addition to threatening native species. Also, it can be an intermediate host of worms that affect humans and mammals. This work aims to evaluate the socioenvironmental impact caused by L. fulica in Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil. Specifically, it aimed to analyze the residents' knowledge about L. fulica, if they were able to recognize the invasive snail and differentiate it from the giant native snail Megalobulimus sp., in addition to the community's ability to carry out actions to combat the invasive species. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, guided by a questionnaire, with the urban population, and an unstructured interview with a health surveillance agent in the municipality. The area of the city was divided into five zones and ten residences were visited in each zone. It was found that the residents most affected by L. fulica are those who live in the most urbanized region of the city, with 86% of respondents reporting seeing the animal in the city center. The presence of the Megalobulimus sp. was reported by four residents in the city's border regions with the native Cerrado. Most of the reports of the African snail in the houses occurred by residents of Alto Paraíso de Goiás who had plants in their backyard and personally took care of them.
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Eskalen, Akif, Richard Stouthamer, Shannon Colleen Lynch, et al. "Host Range of Fusarium Dieback and Its Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Vector in Southern California." Plant Disease 97, no. 7 (2013): 938–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-12-1026-re.
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The polyphagous shot hole borer (PSHB) is an invasive ambrosia beetle that forms a symbiosis with a new, as-yet-undescribed Fusarium sp., together causing Fusarium dieback on avocado and other host plants in California and Israel. In California, PSHB was first reported on black locust in 2003 but there were no records of fungal damage until 2012, when a Fusarium sp. was recovered from the tissues of several backyard avocado trees infested with PSHB in Los Angeles County. The aim of this study was to determine the plant host range of the beetle–fungus complex in two heavily infested botanical gardens in Los Angeles County. Of the 335 tree species observed, 207 (62%), representing 58 plant families, showed signs and symptoms consistent with attack by PSHB. The Fusarium sp. was recovered from 54% of the plant species attacked by PSHB, indicated by the presence of the Fusarium sp. at least at the site of the entry hole. Trees attacked by PSHB included 11 species of California natives, 13 agriculturally important species, and many common street trees. Survey results also revealed 19 tree species that function as reproductive hosts for PSHB. Additionally, approximately a quarter of all tree individuals planted along the streets of southern California belong to a species classified as a reproductive host. These data suggest the beetle–disease complex potentially may establish in a variety of plant communities locally and worldwide.
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Woźniak, Magdalena, Karolina Hoppe, and Kinga Drzewiecka. "Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content in Garden Herbal Plants Using Liquid Chromatographic Analysis (HPLC-FL)." Plants 12, no. 3 (2023): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030551.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of chemical compounds generated as a result of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or wood. PAHs are known for their negative effect on living organisms, including teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic activity. The objective of this study is to determine the contamination of three popular herbal species showing pro-health properties, i.e., lavender, parsley and mint, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, collected from three different backyard gardens in Poland. The concentration of PAHs in plant material was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FL). The concentration of eleven PAHs in plant material was determined with high-pressure liquid chromatography after extraction using the QuEChERS purification technique. Mint collected within an area of a mining and energy production complex (the city of Konin) was characterized by the highest Σ of 11 PAHs, equaled to 902.35 µg/g FW, with anthracene being the most abundant compound. However, it contained the lowest sum of PAHs, among all tested plants, with high carcinogenicity. Parsley from the city of Poznań showed the highest content of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), showing the strongest carcinogenicity, while the highest value of BaP equivalent was calculated for mint collected in Konin. The obtained results suggest that the level and profile of plant contamination with PAHs depend on the species and the location of herb cultivation. In particular, mining and energy industry facilities are sources of PAHs, which contaminate plant material for further direct use or as bioactive herbal extracts.
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Santerre, Ariane. "Environmental Violence and Natural Symbolism in Chava Rosenfarb's The Tree of Life : An Ecocritical Approach to Holocaust Memory." Environment, Space, Place 15, no. 2 (2023): 136–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/spc.2023.a910014.
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Abstract: Future prize-winning writer Chava Rosenfarb was seventeen years old when she was incarcerated in the Łódź ghetto. In 1972, she published The Tree of Life [Der boym fun lebn] (1972), a fictional chronicle of that experience of the Holocaust. In this three-volume epic novel, Rosenfarb narrates and interlaces the fates of ten Jewish families from pre-war Poland in 1939 to the liquidation of the ghetto in 1944. The "Tree of Life" is revealed to be the name given by the "ghettoniks" to an iconic cherry tree that stands in the shared backyard of a group of apartment complexes inhabited by many of the protagonists in the ghetto. Far from being an anecdotal presence, the cherry tree becomes the center of Rosenfarb's reflections on the impacts of the environment on one's physical and mental health. In this article, The Tree of Life is analyzed from an ecocritical perspective to examine the interconnections between genocidal intent and environmental precariousness. The first part considers the perpetration angle of the Łódź ghetto establishment as a Nazi tool of ecological violence through its excessive economic program of forced labour and its structural health determinants leading to epidemics. We will then investigate the characters' attempts to reconnect to nature through tangible acts of agency (the development of small gardens to grow one's own food) and symbolism (the cherry tree evoking the freedom of the outside world). The purpose of this article is to explore the links between genocide and ecocide within the framework of literary memory, while appreciating the relevance of Chava Rosenfarb's representations of the Holocaust to our era of renewed ecological awareness.
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Chittarath, Khonesavanh, Chung Huy Nguyen, Wendy C. Bailey, et al. "Geographical Distribution and Genetic Diversity of the Banana Fusarium Wilt Fungus in Laos and Vietnam." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 1 (2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010046.
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Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a major threat to global banana production. The tropical race 4 (TR4) variant of Foc is a highly virulent form with a large host range, and severely affects Cavendish bananas. Foc TR4 was recently observed within the Greater Mekong Subregion, after Chinese private companies expanded Cavendish production to the region. In this study, extensive surveys conducted across Laos and Vietnam show that Foc TR4 is still mainly constricted to the northern regions of these countries and is limited to Cavendish cultivation settings. In Laos, Foc TR4 is associated with large-scale Cavendish plantations owned by or involved with Chinese companies through which infected planting material could have been imported. In Vietnam, mostly small-holder Cavendish farmers and backyard gardens were affected by Foc TR4. In Vietnam, no direct link is found with Chinese growers, and it is expected the pathogen mainly spreads through local and regional movement of infected planting materials. Foc TR4 was not recorded on banana cultivars other than Cavendish. The extensively cultivated ‘Pisang Awak’ cultivar was solely infected by VCGs belonging to Foc race 1 and 2, with a high occurrence of VCG 0123 across Laos, and of VCG 0124/5 in Vietnam. Substantial diversity of Foc VCGs was recorded (VCGs 0123, 0124/5, 01218 and 01221) from northern to southern regions in both countries, suggesting that Fusarium wilt is well established in the region. Interviews with farmers indicated that the local knowledge of Fusarium wilt epidemiology and options for disease management was limited. Clear communication efforts on disease epidemiology and management with emphasis on biosecurity practices need to be improved in order to prevent further spread of Foc TR4 to mixed variety smallholder settings.
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Cooper, Gregory S., Hilary Davies-Kershaw, Paula Dominguez-Salas, et al. "Investigating market-based opportunities for the provision of nutritious and safe diets to prevent childhood stunting: a UKRI-GCRF action against stunting hub protocol paper." BMJ Paediatrics Open 8, Suppl 1 (2024): e001671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001671.
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BackgroundInadequate access to affordable, safe, desirable and convenient nutrient-dense food is one of the underlying causes of child stunting. While targeted nutrition-sensitive interventions (eg, backyard ‘nutri-gardens’) may increase dietary diversity within farming households, such interventions have limited scalability across the wider food system where markets remain underdeveloped. This research aims to develop and assess market-based interventions for key nutrient-dense foods to help improve the diets of women and children in the first 1000 days of life.MethodsData collection uses four parallel approaches in each of the three study countries (India, Indonesia and Senegal). (1) A novelfood environment toolwill be developed to characterise the accessibility and affordability of nutrient-dense foods in the study countries. The tool will be validated through pretesting using cognitive interviewing and piloting in purposively sampled households, 10 (cognitive interviewing) and 30 (piloting) households in each country; (2) stakeholder interviews (eg, with producers, intermediaries and retailers) will be conducted to map out nutrition-sensitive entry points of key value chains (eg, animal-sourced foods), before hotspots of potential food safety hazards will be identified from food samples collected along the chains; (3) theOptifoodandAgrifoodtools will be used to identify foods that can address food system nutrient gaps and engage key stakeholders to prioritise market interventions to improve nutrition outcomes.OptifoodandAgrifoodparameters will be informed by publicly available data, plus interviews and focus groups with value chain stakeholders; (4) informed by the previous three approaches and a campaign of participatory ‘group model building’, a novel system dynamics model will evaluate the impact of alternative market-based solutions on the availability and affordability of nutrient-dense foods over time.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethical approval in the United Kingdom, Senegal, Indonesia and India. Dissemination comprises peer-reviewed journals, international disciplinary conferences and multistakeholder dissemination workshops.
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Singh, Ajeet, Amit Kumar Bundela, and Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash. "Nutritional, Ethnomedicinal, and Agricultural Significance of Neglected and Underutilized Crops from Eastern Uttar Pradesh, North India." Agronomy 13, no. 9 (2023): 2318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092318.
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Meeting food and nutritional security needs for a growing population is a global sustainability challenge due to the heavy reliance on a few cultivated crops for dietary requirements across the world. To ensure local food security, it is imperative to diversify dietary options with locally available, neglected, and underutilized crops (NUCs) with nutritional and biocultural significance. In this context, the present study aims to explore the role of NUCs for nutritional, ethnomedicinal, and agricultural relevance in two districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh, i.e., Mirzapur and Sonebhadra. Extensive field surveys were conducted in the study sites, and a total of 445 local respondents were interviewed based on structured questionnaires for calculating ethnobotanical indices, i.e., relative frequency of citation (RFC), frequency of citation (FC), use report (UR), and cultural importance index (CI) of NUCs. The study identified 116 NUCs belonging to 55 families and 103 genera. All reported NUCs had medicinal value; 55 were edible and used as food; and 41 had agricultural significance. Leaves were the most commonly used plant parts for medicinal purposes, followed by roots and stems, whereas flowers were the least commonly used parts. NUCs were used by the locals for their medicinal properties to treat various ailments, such as skin and eye problems, headaches, and liver problems. They were administered as decoction, paste, vapor inhalation, fruit juice, and poultice. The RFC, FC, UR, and CI values of the NUCs were in the range of 12 to 365, 0.03 to 0.82, 12 to 394, and 0.03 to 0.89, respectively. Fruits were the most commonly consumed part, followed by leaves, tubers, pods, and aerial bulbs, whereas the mode of consumption was stir-fry, soup, vegetables, salad, or in raw form. NUCs were bestowed with essential macro- and micronutrients and were found in the range of Ca (3.79–1147.3), K (2.6–1600.3), Mg (0.8–468.0), Na (0.4–270.8), P (1.15–305), Fe (0.1–327.6), Zn (0.1–84.6), Cu (0.047–33.3), Mn (0.1–62.3) mg/100 g, and vitamins like ascorbic acid (0.04–1561.1), thiamine (0.041–2.4), and β-Carotene (0.2–93.6) mg/100 g. These NUCs were cultivated in different settings, such as kitchen gardens, backyard gardens, border crops, and sometimes agricultural fields. The current study reveals the rich diversity and varied use of these NUCs with respect to their ethnomedicinal, nutritional, and agricultural relevance. Sustainable utilization with large-scale cultivation of promising NUCs can lead to local food security and the subsequent attainment of the associated UN Sustainable Development Goals.
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Esdaile, Susan A. "Scholarship or a Backyard Garden?" Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 39, no. 2 (2010): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.1992.tb01746.x.
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Blake, Analisa, and Denise Cloutier-Fisher. "Backyard bounty: exploring the benefits and challenges of backyard garden sharing projects." Local Environment 14, no. 9 (2009): 797–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549830903166438.
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da Silva, Ronilze Leite, Everton Hilo de Souza, Carlos Alberto da Silva Ledo, Claudinéia Regina Pelacani, and Fernanda V. Duarte Souza. "Urban backyards as a new model of pineapple germplasm conservation." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 16, no. 6 (2018): 524–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262118000114.
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AbstractThe conservation of pineapple in urban backyards is an innovative strategy that aims to involve city residents. A program of this nature requires careful planning and monitoring because of the involvement of people who do not have technical knowledge. This paper reports the implementation and evaluation of 30 gardens in urban backyards in Cabaceiras do Paraguaçú, Bahia, Brazil, to establish the parameters to allow creating a model for pineapple germplasm conservation cells with the collaboration of urban residents. A questionnaire was applied in two steps to people interested in participating, from which it was possible to choose and evaluate a general profile of the participants. Thirty pineapple accessions from the Active Germplasm Bank (AGB) of the Embrapa were selected for testing in the gardens. Two production cycles were considered, during which quantitative and qualitative traits of the plants and fruits were evaluated. The data were compared with the characteristics of the same accessions in the Pineapple AGB and were analysed by mixed principal component analysis. With respect to adequate maintenance, 20 gardens were well cared for until the end of the assessments, five were reasonably well tended and five were lost, due to home remodelling or lack of care by the guardians. Despite the loss of the five gardens, no accession was totally lost, thanks to the experimental design with three plants of each accession in three different gardens. The plants preserved in the gardens did not differ from those maintained by the AGB, demonstrating the effectiveness of this conservation strategy.
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Tatarinova, Z. G., and A. A. Krylova. "Veterinary Sanitary Assessment Garden and Wild-Growing Black Currant of Yakutia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 4 (2022): 042048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/4/042048.
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Abstract The provision of the population of Yakutia with vitamin products in the harsh natural conditions of the republic is especially acute. The remoteness of settlements, a complex transport scheme makes it difficult to deliver perishable fruit and vegetable products, the cost increases significantly, and the quality of plant products deteriorates during transportation. But Yakutia is rich in wild berries, among which special attention is paid to black currants. Black currant berries, leaves, buds contain a large amount of vitamins of groups A, PP, groups B, C and E, organic acids, pectin, sugars, tannins, essential oils and other biologically active substances [1,14]. The local population not only collects wild-growing black currants, but is also actively engaged in the cultivation of garden black currants in their backyards. Black currants are used both fresh and frozen; the berry is an excellent raw material for the production of preserves, jams, juices, etc. And like most berries, black currants are perishable products, therefore, the assessment of the compliance of black currants with quality and safety indicators according to the requirements of GOST 6829-2015 (UNECE STANDARD FFV-57:2010) “Fresh black currants. Technical conditions” is relevant [15]. A veterinary and sanitary assessment of the wild-growing black currant of the Okhta (Ribes. Dikusha) and the cultivar Algo (Yakutskaya), (Ribes Nigrum Yakutskava (Algo)) from the backyard of the Batagai-Alyta village of the Eveno-Bytantai region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for compliance the requirements of GOST 6829-2015 (UNECE STANDARD FFV-57:2010) and other regulatory documents. According to the results of organoleptic studies, the content of nitrates, the state of the radiation background, the black currant of the Algo variety and the wild species Okhta of the Eveno-Bytantai region meet the requirements of regulatory documents.
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Hall, Dennis. "A Garden of One's Own: The Ritual Consolations of the Backyard Garden." Journal of American Culture 19, no. 3 (1996): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.1996.1903_9.x.
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