Academic literature on the topic 'Bacterial, Premature'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bacterial, Premature"
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Wong, Tit-Yee, Sanjit Fernandes, Naby Sankhon, Patrick P. Leong, Jimmy Kuo, and Jong-Kang Liu. "Role of Premature Stop Codons in Bacterial Evolution." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 20 (August 15, 2008): 6718–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00682-08.
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ABSTRACT When the stop codons TGA, TAA, and TAG are found in the second and third reading frames of a protein-encoding gene, they are considered premature stop codons (PSC). Deinococcus radiodurans disproportionately favored TGA more than the other two triplets as a PSC. The TGA triplet was also found more often in noncoding regions and as a stop codon, though the bias was less pronounced. We investigated this phenomenon in 72 bacterial species with widely differing chromosomal GC contents. Although TGA and TAG were compositionally similar, we found a great variation in use of TGA but a very limited range of use of TAG. The frequency of use of TGA in the gene sequences generally increased with the GC content of the chromosome, while the frequency of use of TAG, like that of TAA, was inversely proportional to the GC content of the chromosome. The patterns of use of TAA, TGA and TAG as real stop codons were less biased and less influenced by the GC content of the chromosome. Bacteria with higher chromosomal GC contents often contained fewer PSC trimers in their genes. Phylogenetically related bacteria often exhibited similar PSC ratios. In addition, metabolically versatile bacteria have significantly fewer PSC trimers in their genes. The bias toward TGA but against TAG as a PSC could not be explained either by the preferential usage of specific codons or by the GC contents of individual chromosomes. We proposed that the quantity and the quality of the PSC in the genome might be important in bacterial evolution.
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McGregor, James A., Janice I. French, and Kyung Seo. "Premature rupture of membranes and bacterial vaginosis." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 169, no. 2 (August 1993): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(93)90342-g.
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Olm, Matthew R., Nicholas Bhattacharya, Alexander Crits-Christoph, Brian A. Firek, Robyn Baker, Yun S. Song, Michael J. Morowitz, and Jillian F. Banfield. "Necrotizing enterocolitis is preceded by increased gut bacterial replication, Klebsiella, and fimbriae-encoding bacteria." Science Advances 5, no. 12 (December 2019): eaax5727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax5727.
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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease that occurs primarily in premature infants. We performed genome-resolved metagenomic analysis of 1163 fecal samples from premature infants to identify microbial features predictive of NEC. Features considered include genes, bacterial strain types, eukaryotes, bacteriophages, plasmids, and growth rates. A machine learning classifier found that samples collected before NEC diagnosis harbored significantly more Klebsiella, bacteria encoding fimbriae, and bacteria encoding secondary metabolite gene clusters related to quorum sensing and bacteriocin production. Notably, replication rates of all bacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae, were significantly higher 2 days before NEC diagnosis. The findings uncover biomarkers that could lead to early detection of NEC and targets for microbiome-based therapeutics.
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Srinivasan, Sujatha, and David N. Fredricks. "The Human Vaginal Bacterial Biota and Bacterial Vaginosis." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2008 (2008): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/750479.
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The bacterial biota of the human vagina can have a profound impact on the health of women and their neonates. Changes in the vaginal microbiota have been associated with several adverse health outcomes including premature birth, pelvic inflammatory disease, and acquisition of HIV infection. Cultivation-independent molecular methods have provided new insights regarding bacterial diversity in this important niche, particularly in women with the common condition bacterial vaginosis (BV). PCR methods have shown that women with BV have complex communities of vaginal bacteria that include many fastidious species, particularly from the phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Healthy women are mostly colonized with lactobacilli such asLactobacillus crispatus,Lactobacillus jensenii, andLactobacillus iners, though a variety of other bacteria may be present. The microbiology of BV is heterogeneous. The presence ofGardnerella vaginalisandAtopobium vaginaecoating the vaginal epithelium in some subjects with BV suggests that biofilms may contribute to this condition.
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Rotimi, V. O., S. A. Olowe, and I. Ahmed. "The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates." Journal of Hygiene 94, no. 3 (June 1985): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400061532.
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SUMMARYThe sequential acquisition of bacterial flora by premature neonates was studied during a 10 month period. Mean gestational age of the babies was 29·01 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1·728 kg. Escherichia coli and group B streptococci (GBS) colonized the umbilicus of 7 and 6 babies respectively, out of 23 studied, on the first day of life. E. coli and staphylococci were the predominant flora on the 6th day and they colonized 12 and 13 respectively. The oral flora was predominantly Gram-positive cocci, mainly Streptoccocus salivarius which was isolated from 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day, viridians streptococci were isolated from 14 babies, Staphylococcus albus from 16 babies and group D streptococci from 11 babies. Candida spp. also colonized the oral cavities of 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day. At the end of the first week of life, the faecal flora was predominantly anaerobic represented by Bifidobacteriurn spp., Bacterioides spp. and Clostridium spp. The commonest facultative faecal flora were E. coli, which was isolated from all the babies, and Strept. faecalis isolated from 20 babies. Early gut colonization by GBS, Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. was noticed in more babies delivered vaginally than by caesarean section where colonization by these bacteria was relatively delayed. The use of prophylactic penicillin plus gentamicin in the special neonatal unit probably prevented systemic spread of any of the potential opportunistic pathogens during the study.
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SL, Hillier. "Bacterial Vaginosis and Premature Low-Birth-Weight Infants." Nurse Practitioner 21, no. 3 (March 1996): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199603000-00011.
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Prajarto, Hariyo Wirastomo. "The Association of Cervical Length, Bacterial Vaginosis, Urinary Tract Infection and Premature Rupture of Membranes to The Imminent Preterm Labour." Diponegoro International Medical Journal 1, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dimj.v1i2.9538.
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Abstract Background: Research conducted at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Dr. Kariadi Semarang in 2013 stated that out of 1,719 deliveries, 82 (5%) were preterm labor cases. Although there are many predictors for predicting imminent preterm labour, the complete prediction and prevention have not been established. Prevention of preterm labor through screening is the key to antenatal care. Good early prediction on a premature labor will provide adequate antenatal surveillance and special interventions.Objective: to analyze the relationship between cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and premature rupture of membranes with the incidence of preterm labor.Methods: It is an observational analytic study in the form of the design of cross sectional with subject of pregnant women who experienced imminent preterm labour at gestational age 28-34 weeks and were treated at the ward of Obstetrics Gynecology Hospital Dr. Kariadi Semarang and network hospital during the study period (n=112). Subjects were assessed for the clinical risk (BV, premature rupture of the membrane, urinary tract infection) and sonography (cervical length). Statistical analysis was performed with paired t-test for normally distributed data and Mann Whitney if otherwise. Analysis of the relationship between variables and the incidence of preterm labor was carried out by the X 2 testResults: From 112 subjects, it was found that the Prevalence Ratio (PR) for cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes to the incidence of imminent preterm labor was 2.2;2.32;1.99 and 2.36 respectively. From the multivariate analysis, it was found that bacterial vaginosis and premature rupture of membranes were the most influencing factors for the incidence of imminent premature labor with Odd Ratios of 6.497 and 21.362, respectively.Conclusion: There is a relationship between cervical length (≤25 mm ), bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes in the incidence of preterm labor.
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Sweet, Richard L. "Gynecologic Conditions and Bacterial Vaginosis: Implications for the Non-Pregnant Patient." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 3-4 (2000): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1064744900000260.
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Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a shift from the predominant lactobacillus vaginal flora to an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial vaginosis is associated with an increased risk of gynecologic complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, postoperative infection, cervicitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and possibly cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The obstetrical risks associated with bacterial vaginosis include premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor and delivery, chorioamnionitis and postpartum endometritis. Despite the health risks associated with bacterial vaginosis and its high prevalence in women of childbearing age, bacterial vaginosis continues to be largely ignored by clinicians, particularly in asymptomatic women. Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol. 8:184–190, 2000.
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Nguyen, Quoc Huy Vu, Hung Nam Le, Van Anh Ton Nu, Nguyen Dac Nguyen, and Minh Tam Le. "Lower genital tract infections in preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor: a case-control study from Vietnam." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 15, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 805–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.13244.
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Introduction: This study aimed to determine the incidence of lower genital infections and related factors in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and preterm labor.
Methodology: A case-control study was conducted on pregnant women who were admitted to the Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam between November 2017 and May 2019. Cases from 22 to 36 gestational weeks were included as group 1 (patients with preterm labor and intact membranes) or as group 2 (those with PPROM). The control group included women with singleton pregnancies who were matched on gestational age and recruited concurrently with the study cases. Gram stain was perfomed to identify Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, mobiluncus, Candida, and leucocytes. Trichomonas vaginalis was detected by wet mount. Cultures of vaginal secretions and aminotic fluid were performed to identify aerobic bacteria.
Results: Bacterial vaginosis was higher in group 1 (28.9%) compared to control (11.4%). The incidence of isolated aerobic bacteria was 44.1% in group 2, 11.1% in group 1, and 12.7% in the control group (p < 0.001). Fungal infection was not shown to be a risk factor for preterm labor (p = 0.990), whereas, bacterial vaginosis was (OR = 3.16; 95%CI = 1.23-8.15; p = 0.016). Isolated aerobic bacteria were associated with premature rupture of membranes (OR = 5.45; 95%CI = 2.11-14.05; p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Bacteria vaginosis increased the risk of preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Isolated aerobic bacteria were related to PPROM, while fungal infection was not associated with preterm labor.
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Bitew Kifilie, Abebaw, Mulat Dagnew, Birhanemeskel Tegenie, Biruk Yeshitela, Rawleigh Howe, and Ebba Abate. "Bacterial Profile, Antibacterial Resistance Pattern, and Associated Factors from Women Attending Postnatal Health Service at University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia." International Journal of Microbiology 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3165391.
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Introduction. Surgical site infection is a vital cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, especially in resource-limited countries. The rise of antibiotic resistance bacterial infection poses a big threat to this vulnerable population. However, there is lack of studies around the study area. Objective. The purpose of this study was to identify bacterial profile, antibacterial resistance pattern, and associated factors among mothers attending postnatal care health service. Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 107 study participants at University of Gondar Teaching Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 30 May 2016. Wound swab, aspirate, and biopsy were collected and performed for culture and drug resistance testing. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to determine the associated factors for bacterial infection. Odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated to determine the strength of statistically significant associated factors. Result. Bacterial growth was confirmed in 90 (84.1%) of 107 study participants suspected to have surgical site infection. The predominant bacterial isolates were S. aureus (41.6%), E. coli (19.8%), K. pneumoniae (13.9%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus (12.9%), and Enterobacter spp. (4%). The majority of isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and tetracycline but susceptible to ceftriaxone and amikacin. Multidrug-resistant bacteria species were isolated. Using a procedure such as cesarean section and episiotomy for delivery and premature rapture of membrane had strong association with bacterial infection. Conclusion. The high prevalence of bacterial profile and isolation of multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a big threat to postnatal mothers and their children. Factors such as cesarean section, episiotomy for delivery, and premature rapture of membrane were predictors for bacterial infection. Therefore, there should be done a continuous surveillance as well as rational use of antibiotics and a longitudinal study using phenotypic and genotypic methods will be done.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacterial, Premature"
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Oeser, Clarissa Caroline. "Molecular diagnostics in neonatal sepsis." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.676095.
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Bacterial sepsis is a frequently occurring disease in the first weeks of life, posing a significant threat particularly to those born prematurely. The incidence of sepsis is determined by laboratory surveillance, only taking into account culture positive episodes of sepsis. However, in up to 80% of neonates treated for sepsis, blood cultures fail to grow an organism. Therefore a variety of molecular techniques have been trialled to overcome these diagnostic difficulties. To describe the current incidence and causal pathogens of neonatal sepsis in Europe in this thesis, systematic literature reviews on neonatal bacterial and fungal infections were conducted. The review highlighted in particular the discrepancy between incidences of culture positive and clinical sepsis. A further literature review assessed molecular diagnostic techniques that have been employed to determine pathogens of neonatal sepsis. Based on the results obtained from the systematic reviews, a series of molecular tests, including quantitative multiplex PCRs, a 16S rDNA broad range PCR and a Candida multiplex PCR were developed. These tests were applied to two sets of samples obtained from neonates with suspected and confirmed early and late onset sepsis in Europe, collected in two separate clinical trials. Results identified a large amount of bacteria (74% in EOS and 50% in LOS), however failed to detect all cultured pathogens. A large number of samples were positive for CoNS and Enterobacteriacae in both sample sets. In particular, in EOS, S. pneumoniae was shown to be more predominant than anticipated from the literature, and in LOS Enterococci were more prevalent. Of concern is a high number of polymicrobial infections detected by PCR. Universal definitions for clinical sepsis need to be established to enable surveillance and comparison across countries. Molecular diagnostics have the potential to become an important additional tool to describe the epidemiology of neonatal sepsis.
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Pauw, Elizabeth Lita. "Evaluating the predictive value of a database of antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts of 537 southern African tree species against six important bacterial and fungal pathogens." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40266.
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Infectious diseases are the world’s leading cause of premature deaths in humans and animals. The resistance to antibiotics and the emergence of new infectious diseases has increased the need for additional effective antimicrobial products. Despite numerous publications investigating antimicrobial activity of plant extracts it appears that no effective single product antimicrobial has yet been developed from plants. In many cases, however crude plant extracts have excellent activity and may provide useful products.
Plants are frequently selected based on traditional use. Traditional healers usually use aqueous extracts of plants which in our experience generally have very low activities and it may be one of the reasons why no new products were developed from plants. Another approach to select plants for research is to use the taxonomic approach based on the premises that: (1) there is a correlation between active chemical compounds and antimicrobial activity; and (2) species in a family or order may have similar activities if the chemical precursors are inherited from a common ancestor. Future screening programmes could then concentrate on close relatives of species within these promising families and orders.
The main aim of this study was to randomly screen leaf extracts of several hundred southern African tree species against important microbial pathogens to determine which taxa have the highest activity and may yield useful products to treat infections in human and animal health markets. A wide selection of plant species improved the possibility of finding promising extracts and has the advantage that active compounds may be discovered from plants that are not used traditionally. To ensure sustainable use only leaves of trees were examined. A spin off of this study would also indicate the susceptibility of different organisms, correlate the antimicrobial activities of the different organisms and determine what minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) represents a good activity based on investigating many extracts against many microbes.
The antimicrobial activity was determined by using a sensitive serial dilution microplate method. Acetone extracts were tested against two Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria and two fungi, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans.
Small and mostly insignificant differences were found between the susceptibility of the microbial pathogens to the extracts. E. faecalis was the most sensitive bacterium and C. neoformans the most sensitive fungal organism. The strongest correlations in activities among the pathogens were between C. albicans and C. neoformans, and among the pathogen classes between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The tree extracts analysed in the present study had a wide range of activities against the different pathogens. Twenty six per cent of the extracts inhibited the pathogens at MIC levels of 0.16 mg/ml. This clearly shows that 0.16 mg/ml is not low enough to discriminate between promising species. Some of the extracts inhibited the growth of more than one pathogen while other extracts had selective activities and could be the most promising to follow up.
The study identified families and orders with either statistically significantly higher or lower antimicrobial activities. Among the large families, Combretaceae and Fabaceae had high mean activities against all test pathogens. The families Anacardiaceae and Moraceae had high activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria whereas the families Proteaceae and Meliaceae had higher antifungal activities. Among the large orders, Fabales had relatively high activities against all the pathogen classes. Considering that plants in related taxa often contain similar compounds and therefore similar activities, future studies could analyse more representative species in the promising taxa.
Many tree species, genera, families and orders, including well-known and lesser known medicinal taxa in southern Africa, were identified with promising activities. To evaluate the potential use of these results, additional cytotoxicity, phytochemical and pharmacological studies should be carried out. The study, although still exploratory, underlined the potential of southern African tree extracts as sources of antimicrobial products. Application of these results within the Phytomedicine Programme has led to patents and products that were as good as commercial products in animal and field trials. We hope that our results will provided a starting point for discovering new products with useful activities.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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Paraclinical Sciences
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Ponce, Pajuelo Eladio Edisson, and Cabrera Pedro Martín Sánchez. "Prevalencia y valor predictivo de vaginosis bacteriana para parto pretérmino espontáneo." Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2004. http://www.cybertesis.edu.pe/sisbib/2004/ponce_pe/html/index-frames.html.
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El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y evaluar el valor de la detección de Vaginosis Bacteriana entre las 22 - 24 semanas en la predicción de parto pretérmino espontáneo en gestaciones únicas. Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo cohorte en el Instituto Especializado Materno Perinatal durante enero a diciembre del 2002. Un total de 1218 gestantes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (perdiéndose 18 al seguimiento); a quienes se tomó una muestra de secreción vaginal para tinción Gram interpretándose los resultados para Vaginosis Bacteriana según los criterios de Nugent. La incidencia de parto pretérmino fue 11,8% y la prevalencia de Vaginosis Bacteriana 37,2%. De las 1200 muestras, 475 tuvieron flora normal (39,6%), 279 flora intermedia (23,2%) y 446 (37,2%) Vaginosis Bacteriana. El antecedente de parto pretérmino, multiparidad y riesgo social alto se asociaron con parto pretérmino espontáneo. No hubo diferencia significativa entre Vaginosis Bacteriana y parto pretérmino < 37 semanas de gestación; observándose en los casos con flora normal, intermedia y Vaginosis Bacteriana, 40 (28,3%), 49 (34,8 %) y 52 (36,9%) partos pretérminos; respectivamente. El parto muy pretérmino (< 33 semanas) se asoció significativamente con el grado de la flora, presentándose 17 (12,1%), 27 (19,1%) y 52 (36,9%) partos muy pretérminos, en los casos con flora normal, intermedia y Vaginosis Bacteriana; respectivamente. Para parto pretérmino espontáneo la Vaginosis Bacteriana tuvo una sensibilidad de 12,8%, una especificidad de 95,3% un valor predictivo positivo de 35,3% y un valor predictivo negativo de 84,3%. Concluimos que la Vaginosis Bacteriana no es predictor de parto pretérmino espontáneo y no recomendamos su uso en la práctica clínica. Palabras Claves: Vaginosis Bacteriana, parto pretérmino espontáneo, predicción.
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Sánchez, Cabrera Pedro Martín, and Pajuelo Eladio Edisson Ponce. "Prevalencia y valor predictivo de vaginosis bacteriana para parto pretérmino espontáneo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1963.
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El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y evaluar el valor de la detección de Vaginosis Bacteriana entre las 22 - 24 semanas en la predicción de parto pretérmino espontáneo en gestaciones únicas. Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo cohorte en el Instituto Especializado Materno Perinatal durante enero a diciembre del 2002. Un total de 1218 gestantes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (perdiéndose 18 al seguimiento); a quienes se tomó una muestra de secreción vaginal para tinción Gram interpretándose los resultados para Vaginosis Bacteriana según los criterios de Nugent. La incidencia de parto pretérmino fue 11,8% y la prevalencia de Vaginosis Bacteriana 37,2%. De las 1200 muestras, 475 tuvieron flora normal (39,6%), 279 flora intermedia (23,2%) y 446 (37,2%) Vaginosis Bacteriana. El antecedente de parto pretérmino, multiparidad y riesgo social alto se asociaron con parto pretérmino espontáneo. No hubo diferencia significativa entre Vaginosis Bacteriana y parto pretérmino < 37 semanas de gestación; observándose en los casos con flora normal, intermedia y Vaginosis Bacteriana, 40 (28,3%), 49 (34,8 %) y 52 (36,9%) partos pretérminos; respectivamente. El parto muy pretérmino (< 33 semanas) se asoció significativamente con el grado de la flora, presentándose 17 (12,1%), 27 (19,1%) y 52 (36,9%) partos muy pretérminos, en los casos con flora normal, intermedia y Vaginosis Bacteriana; respectivamente. Para parto pretérmino espontáneo la Vaginosis Bacteriana tuvo una sensibilidad de 12,8%, una especificidad de 95,3% un valor predictivo positivo de 35,3% y un valor predictivo negativo de 84,3%. Concluimos que la Vaginosis Bacteriana no es predictor de parto pretérmino espontáneo y no recomendamos su uso en la práctica clínica.
Palabras Claves:
Vaginosis Bacteriana, parto pretérmino espontáneo, predicción.Tesis de segunda especialidad
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Flores, Rivas Jaime. "Vaginosis bacteriana como factor de riesgo para la amenaza de parto pretérmino." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/16037.
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El documento digital no refiere asesorLa vaginosis bacteriana es una patología infecciosa que afecta al tracto genital inferior femenino cuya etiología es polimicrobiana, estando implicados patógenos como Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mobiluncus, Garnerella vaginalis y otros agentes. Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles realizado entre abril de 2005 y noviembre de 2006 hospital nacional PNP Luis N. Sáenz, División de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Departamento de Obstetricia. En el que se investigó la presencia de Vaginosis Bacteriana en gestantes (casos y control) de 22-36 semanas de gestación que cumplieron los requisitos de ingreso al estudio, con la finalidad de investigar la influencia de esta patología en la gestación como factor de riesgo causal de amenaza de parto pretérmino. La población del estudio estuvo conformada por 210 mujeres gestantes , antes de las 37 semanas. De los 80 casos del estudio con amenaza de parto pretérmino, 78.75 % presentaron vaginosis bacteriana y 21.25 % no la tenían. La prevalencia de vaginosis bacteriana en gestantes es de un 42.38 %. El estudio concluye que 78.75 % de la muestra de las mujeres estudiadas con amenaza de parto pretérmino tiene vaginosis bacteriana. Por lo que las pacientes con vaginosis bacteriana tienen 7.69 veces más riesgo de sufrir amenaza de parto pretérmino, lo que puede significar un factor de riesgo durante el embarazo, no solo para la madre ,sino también para el feto.
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Freitas, Isolina Januária Sousa. "COLONIZAÇÃO BACTERIANA NASAL EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS PREMATUROS E SUAS MÃES EM DUAS UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2009. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1144.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-07The bacterial colonization occurs soon after birth, depending on the environment where the newborn is and can occur with bacteria as the normal microbiota or by bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Once colonized, at any time, depending on factors such as low immunity, inadequate protection of the skin, exposure to invasive procedures, length of stay in Intensive Care Units - the newborn may be infected with the bacterium that colonizes them. Aiming to know the nasal microbiota of newborns admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and their mothers, it was drew up this present cross-sectional and analytical study where 69 pairs of newborns and their mothers were studied. Nasal swabs were collected from all newborns admitted to the ICU of Parenting Marly Sarney and the University Hospital Materno-Infantil in the period of April to September 2008, weighing between 1200 and 1800g. Were excluded from this study newborns carrying ostomies, catheters, infection of the skin, twins, syndrome, and mothers that were not found to collect the swab. The nasal microbiota of mothers showed up predominantly sensitive to oxacillin, as represented by 48% of Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 29% of coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS), while the newborns were colonized by Staphylococcus resistant to oxacillin, thus distributed: 44% of MRSA and 22% of CONS. So this study shows that newborns hospitalized in intensive care units surveyed the early home of resistant MRSA and Scone, this does not occur with their mothers. Meanwhile the mothers have a rate of 19% of MRSA (13%) and Scone resistant (6%), may represent a form of colonization of the newborn. It was also found strong statistical association, with relative risk of 1.65 between the use of antibiotics by the mother and the newborn colonization by Staphylococcus multiresistant. We conclude that the knowledge of the colonizing nasal maternal flora and of the newborn may guide the health professionals about the specific measures of prevention and epidemic surveillance. Additional studies such as genotyping of the Staphylococcus enable the knowledge of the magnitude of the impact of colonization of the mother and its transmission to the newborn to guide preventive measures such as nasal decolonization of the mother before delivery.
A colonização bacteriana ocorre logo após o nascimento e, dependendo do ambiente onde se encontra o recém-nascido, poderá ocorrer com bactérias consideradas da microbiota normal ou por bactérias resistentes aos antibióticos. Uma vez colonizado, a qualquer momento, a depender de fatores como baixa imunidade, proteção de pele inadequada, exposição a procedimentos invasivos, tempo de permanência em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, o recémnascido poderá ser infectado com a bactéria que o coloniza. Objetivando conhecer a microbiota nasal de recém-nascidos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) e de suas mães, desenhou-se o presente estudo, transversal, analítico onde se estudou 69 duplas de recém-nascidos e suas mães. Foram colhidos swab nasal de todos os recémnascidos internados na UTIN da Maternidade Marly Sarney e do Hospital Universitário Materno-Infantil, no período de abril a setembro de 2008, com peso entre 1200 e 1800g. Foram excluídos do estudo os recém-nascidos com ostomias, cateteres, infecção de pele, sindrômicos, gemelares, pós-operatório e com drenagens, assim como aqueles cujas mães apresentavam lesão de pele ou não estivessem presentes no momento da coleta dos swabs. A microbiota nasal das mães mostrou-se predominantemente sensível à oxacilina, sendo representada por 48% de Staphilococcus aureus (MSSA) e 29% de Staphilococcus coagulase negativo (SCoN), enquanto que os recém-nascidos estavam colonizados por Staphilococcus resistentes à oxacilina, assim distribuídos: 44% de MRSA e 22% de SCoN. Portanto, o presente estudo demonstra que os recém-nascidos internados nas unidades de terapia intensiva pesquisadas, albergam precocemente o MRSA e SCoN resistente, o mesmo não ocorrendo com suas mães. Entretanto as mães apresentam um percentual de 19% entre MRSA (13%) e SCoN resistentes (6%), podendo representar uma forma de colonização dos seus recémnascidos. Também foi verificada associação estatística, com risco relativo de 1,65 entre o uso de antibiótico pela mãe e a colonização do recém-nascido por Staphilococcus multirresistente. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento da flora colonizadora nasal materna e dos recém-nascidos poderá orientar aos profissionais de saúde quanto às medidas específicas de prevenção e vigilância epidemiológica. Estudos complementares como a genotipagem dos Staphilococcus possibilitarão o conhecimento da magnitude da influência da colonização da mãe e de sua transmissão para o recém-nascido, o que orientará ações preventivas como a descolonização nasal da mãe antes do parto.
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Díaz, Tejada Omar Jesús. "Vaginosis bacteriana relacionada a amenaza y parto pretérmino en el Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión del Callao." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15908.
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La vaginosis bacteriana (VB) es una enfermedad microbiana caracterizada por una alteración en la flora bacteriana de la vagina por aumento de los anaerobios sobre los Lactobacilos. El siguiente estudio es de diseño prospectivo, observacional comparativo y tiene como objetivo determinar la asociación de VB con amenaza de parto pretérmino (APP) y parto pretérmino (PP), así como estandarizar los criterios de Amsel para el diagnóstico de VB en el Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión. Se tomó muestras vaginales a 315 gestantes con los criterios de inclusión: gestantes con control prenatal en el hospital y edad gestacional entre 22 y 26 semanas. Es importante indicar que se diagnosticó VB usando los criterios de Amsel. El grupo con VB (casos) se siguió con un grupo de gestantes (control) con similares características hasta las 36 semanas. Como resultado del estudio, se diagnosticó VB en el 29.31 % de gestantes. La misma se encuentra en mayor proporción (69.2%) en el grupo que tuvo APP - PP. En el grupo que no tuvo APP – PP, la presencia de VB fue de 48.6 %. La diferencia (20.6%) aunque bastante grande, no fue significativa (p =0.154). El grupo con VB presentó síntomas 45.6 %, flujo vaginal 31.6 %, con mal olor 22.8 %. De las 9 gestantes con VB y APP – APP recibieron tratamiento 5 (55.55 %). Se llega a la conclusión que existe una asociación fuerte pero de relación moderada entre vaginosis bacteriana y amenaza de parto pretérmino y parto pretérmino en el Hospital Nacional Daniel A. Carrión. Además, el flujo vaginal con o sin mal olor tiene una asociación baja con amenaza de parto pretérmino y parto pretérmino, y el ph la relación más alta.
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Jiménez, Marcos Glenys, and Orozco María Eva Loza. "Incidencia de rotura prematura de membranas en gestantes con Gardnerella vaginalis diagnosticado mediante muestra de papanicalaou durante el control pre natal y efecto del tratamiento; en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, año 2004." Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2006. http://www.cybertesis.edu.pe/sisbib/2006/jimenez_mg/html/index-frames.html.
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El objetivo de esta tesis es determinar la incidencia de rotura prematura de membranas en gestantes con Gardnerella vaginalis diagnosticado mediante la muestra de Papanicolaou durante el control prenatal y cuál es el efecto del tratamiento de esta infección; en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal en el año 2004. Se realizó un estudio Retrospectivo, Comparativo, Descriptivo, en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal en el año 2004. Se incluyeron gestantes con muestra de Papanicolaou que acudieron a la atención prenatal (primera consulta), cumpliendo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La muestra se tomó en forma sistemática, encontrando un total de 308 pacientes, que constituye la población de estudio, de las cuales 154 presentaron Gardnerella vaginalis positivo en muestra de papanicolaou y las otras 154 presentaron papanicolaou negativo a Gardnerella vaginalis. Del estudio podemos concluir con un 95% de confianza que no existe relación entre la presencia de Gardnerella vaginalis y la presencia o ausencia de RPM (p=0.38). Por lo que descriptivamente sólo para esta muestra analizada el 55.2% de presencia de rotura prematura de membranas es mayor al 48.8% de no presencia de rotura prematura de membranas, pero que estadísticamente son similares. Con respecto al tratamiento de esta infección, no es estadísticamente significativo la disminución del riesgo de la rotura prematura de membrana; ya que del total de pacientes con antecedente de Gardnerella vaginalis (154) el 57.8% (89) recibió tratamiento y de estas pacientes sólo el 19.1% presentaron rotura prematura de membranas, en comparación de las que no recibieron algún tipo de tratamiento en el que la incidencia de rotura prematura de membranas fue del 23.07%.
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Loza, Orozco María Eva, and Marcos Glenys Jiménez. "Incidencia de rotura prematura de membranas en gestantes con Gardnerella vaginalis diagnosticado mediante muestra de papanicalaou durante el control pre natal y efecto del tratamiento; en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, año 2004." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1146.
Full textAbstract:
El objetivo de esta tesis es determinar la incidencia de rotura prematura de membranas en gestantes con Gardnerella vaginalis diagnosticado mediante la muestra de Papanicolaou durante el control prenatal y cuál es el efecto del tratamiento de esta infección; en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal en el año 2004.
Se realizó un estudio Retrospectivo, Comparativo, Descriptivo, en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal en el año 2004. Se incluyeron gestantes con muestra de Papanicolaou que acudieron a la atención prenatal (primera consulta), cumpliendo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La muestra se tomó en forma sistemática, encontrando un total de 308 pacientes, que constituye la población de estudio, de las cuales 154 presentaron Gardnerella vaginalis positivo en muestra de papanicolaou y las otras 154 presentaron papanicolaou negativo a Gardnerella vaginalis.
Del estudio podemos concluir con un 95% de confianza que no existe relación entre la presencia de Gardnerella vaginalis y la presencia o ausencia de RPM (p=0.38). Por lo que descriptivamente sólo para esta muestra analizada el 55.2% de presencia de rotura prematura de membranas es mayor al 48.8% de no presencia de rotura prematura de membranas, pero que estadísticamente son similares.
Con respecto al tratamiento de esta infección, no es estadísticamente significativo la disminución del riesgo de la rotura prematura de membrana; ya que del total de pacientes con antecedente de Gardnerella vaginalis (154) el 57.8% (89) recibió tratamiento y de estas pacientes sólo el 19.1% presentaron rotura prematura de membranas, en comparación de las que no recibieron algún tipo de tratamiento en el que la incidencia de rotura prematura de membranas fue del 23.07%.Tesis
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Monteiro, Michelly N?brega. "Gesta??o: uma perspectiva sobre sexualidade e desfechos obst?tricos desfavor?veis relacionados a vulvovaginites." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIAS DA SA?DE, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24195.
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O Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias da Sa?de da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte constitui uma proposta multidisciplinar onde temos a oportunidade de trocar ideias, e conhecer experi?ncias e receber contribui??es de diversos profissionais da ?rea, incluindo disciplinas que ampliam o nosso campo de vis?o. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o comportamento sexual e a preval?ncia de vulvovaginites na gesta??o, efic?cia dos m?todos diagn?sticos dispon?veis e risco de complica??es perinatais. Um estudo observacional prospectivo realizado entre outubro de 2014 e julho de 2015, com material vaginal coletado de 225 mulheres entre 26 e 34 semanas de gesta??o foi, e nestas amostras, feitos exames microbiol?gico a fresco e corado pelo Gram, Papanicolau, cultura, teste das aminas e mensura??o do pH vaginal. Nestas pacientes foi aplicado o question?rio FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) para avalia??o da resposta sexual feminina. Inicialmente, a an?lise uni variada da amostra foi feita. Vari?veis quantitativas e categ?ricas absolutas e relativas foram descritas. As m?dias dos dom?nios de acordo com o risco de disfun??o sexual (FSFI?26,5) foram comparadas pelo teste T para amostras independentes. A magnitude da associa??o entre disfun??o sexual e todas as vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas, cl?nicas e comportamentais foram mensuradas pelo teste do qui-quadrado (?2) e exato de Fisher. Foram aferidos os Riscos Relativos e seus respectivos intervalos de confian?a para a an?lise bivariada. Foram considerados significativos os valores de p inferiores a 0,05. Como resultados, aproximadamente dois ter?os das gestantes estudadas (66,7%) apresentaram risco de disfun??o sexual (FSFI?26,5). Analisando o desfecho disfun??o sexual em fun??o dos dom?nios, o FSFI?26,5 (ou seja, indicador de disfun??o sexual) foi estatisticamente significativo (p<0,001) em todos os componentes (desejo, excita??o, lubrifica??o, orgasmo, satisfa??o, e dor). Em rela??o aos dom?nios do FSFI, constatou-se que as m?dias mais baixas observadas foram em desejo (2,67), satisfa??o (2,71) e excita??o (2,78). A presen?a de Vaginose Bacteriana (p=0,001; RR 3,542) e Tricomon?ase (p=0,010; RR 2,577) foi associada a trabalho de parto pr?-tremo (p=0,001; RR 2,897) e peso fetal ao nascer inferior a 2.500g (p valor=0,001; RR 2,175). Vaginose Bacteriana e Tricomon?ase parece ter tido rela??o com desfecho obst?trico desfavor?vel (parto prematuro e fetos com baixo peso ao nascer).
The Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte is a multidisciplinary proposal where we have the opportunity to exchange ideas, and to know experiences and receive contributions from several professionals of the area, including disciplines that expand our field of vision. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the sexual behavior and the prevalence of vulvovaginitis during pregnancy, the efficacy of the available diagnostic methods and the risk of perinatal complications. A prospective observational study conducted between October 2014 and July 2015, with vaginal material collected from 225 women between 26 and 34 weeks' gestation, and in these samples, the samples were microbiologically fresh and stained by Gram, Papanicolau, culture, amine test and vaginal pH measurement. In these patients, the FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) questionnaire was applied to assess the female sexual response. Initially, the univariate analysis of the sample was done. Absolute and relative quantitative and categorical variables were described. The domains averages according to the risk of sexual dysfunction (FSFI ?26.5) were compared by the T test for independent samples. The magnitude of the association between sexual dysfunction and all sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral variables was measured by the chi-square test (?2) and Fisher's exact test. From this perspective, the Relative Risks and their respective confidence intervals were evaluated for the bivariate analysis. Values of p less than 0.05 were considered significant. As a result, approximately two-thirds of the pregnant women studied (66.7%) presented a risk of sexual dysfunction (FSFI?26.5). FSFI ?26.5 (i.e., indicator of sexual dysfunction) was statistically significant (p <0.001) in all components (desire, excitation, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain). In relation to the areas of the FSFI, it was found that the lowest means observed were desire (2.67), satisfaction (2.71) and excitation (2.78). The presence of Bacterial Vaginosis (p = 0.001, RR 3,542) and Trichomoniasis (p = 0.010; RR 2,577) was associated with preterm labor (p = 0.001; RR 2,897) and fetal birth weight below 2,500g p value = 0.001, RR 2,175). Bacterial Vaginosis and Trichomoniasis appears to have had an adverse fetal outcome (preterm delivery and fetal low birth weight).
Books on the topic "Bacterial, Premature"
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Kriemler, Susi, Thomas Radtke, and Helge Hebestreit. Exercise, physical activity, and cystic fibrosis. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0027.
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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease resulting in an impaired mucociliary clearance, chronic bacterial airway infection, and inflammation. The progressive destruction of the lungs is the main cause of morbidity and premature death. Diverse other organ systems such as heart, muscles, bones, gastro-intestinal tract, and sweat glands are often also affected and interfere with exercise capacity. Hence, exercise capacity is reduced as the disease progresses mainly due to reduced functioning of the muscles, heart, and/or lungs. Although there is still growing evidence of positive effects of exercise training in CF on exercise capacity, decline of pulmonary function, and health-related quality of life, the observed effects are encouraging and exercise should be implemented in all patient care. More research is needed to understand pathophysiological mechanisms of exercise limitations and to find optimal exercise modalities to slow down disease progression, predict long-term adherence, and improve health-related quality of life.
Book chapters on the topic "Bacterial, Premature"
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Willeitner, Andrea, Gert Lipowsky, and Helmut Küster. "Bacterial Screening of Human Milk and Bowel Disease in Premature Infants." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 325–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0559-4_65.
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Duffy, Linda C., Maria A. Zielezny, Vivien Carrion, Elizabeth Griffiths, Diane Dryja, Milo Hilty, James Cummings, and Frederick Morin. "Bacterial Toxins and Enteral Feeding of Premature Infants at Risk for Necrotizing Enterocolitis." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 519–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1371-1_64.
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Guggenbichler, J. P., G. Menardi, and J. Hager. "Antimicrobial Therapy of Bacterial Meningitis in Premature- and Newborn Infants and Shunt Infections." In New Aspects for Treatment with Fosfomycin, 41–57. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8903-0_5.
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Matter, Christian M., Stephan Winnik, and Gerhard Rogler. "Inflammatory bowel disease and the heart." In ESC CardioMed, 1125–28. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0275.
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Inflammatory bowel disease comprising ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by a disturbed intestinal homeostasis caused, at least partially, by an impaired intestinal barrier function associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and decreased immune tolerance against the commensal bacteria. These changes result in an exaggerated response of initially mucosal innate and, later on, adaptive immune cells against bacteria and bacterial products. Eventually, these events may lead to chronification of an inflammatory response both locally in the intestinal tract, but also systemically which facilitates atherogenesis. Inflammatory bowel disease leads to premature atherosclerosis, early endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness, and enhanced thrombosis. Interestingly, the altered gut microbiome, typical of inflammatory bowel disease, affects diseases such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and type 2 diabetes—which, in turn, are central risk factors for atherosclerosis. Inflammatory bowel disease is also associated with other chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, and sclerosing cholangitis. Thus, the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and other chronic inflammatory disorders should encompass tight control of cardiovascular risk factors. For the future, a better understanding of genes, triggers, intestinal microbiota, and the immune system will improve diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches for both inflammatory bowel disease and atherosclerosis. For this purpose, modern screening tools using systems biology approaches offer attractive opportunities. Such a personalized approach to diagnostics will allow more targeted therapies, thereby improving our management of many chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease and atherosclerosis.
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Fisher, Donna. "Breast Milk Handling and Misadministration." In Handbook of Pediatric Infection Prevention and Control, 173–86. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190697174.003.0007.
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Human milk is the preferred nutritional source for all newborns, including ill infants and premature neonates. The ability of a mother to provide milk for her infant may be hindered by maternal illness or poor milk production, and may be influenced by cultural expectations and personal preferences. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Infectious risks to the newborn from a single feeding of the wrong mother’s breast milk are not generally measurable; however, studies of viruses and bacteria potentially transmissible in human milk can be used to inform a rational approach when misadministration occurs. In healthcare settings, administration of breast milk to the incorrect infant is generally treated like a blood and body fluid exposures. This chapter reviews the pathogens that can be transmitted via breast milk and suggests approaches to prevent administration of expressed breast milk to the wrong infant. This chapter also provides guidance on managing a breast milk misadministration incident (disclosure; post-exposure testing of source and recipient).
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William Tong, C. Y. "Antivirals." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0059.
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Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that utilize many of the host metabolic machineries for reproduction. Unlike the binary fission of bacteria, the replication process of viruses is more like a production line with a final assembly process to produce their progenies. Any agents used to prevent viral replication must be specific to the virus and cause as little problem for the host as possible. The rate of virus replication can also cause problems. In rapidly reproducing viruses, the high replication rate generates mutants that could be selected for resistance to antivirals. On the other hand, viruses could remain latent with little metabolic activity. None of the current antivirals are effective against latent viruses. The life cycle of a typical virus goes through the following stages: ● Attachment; ● Entry and uncoating; ● Replication of viral nucleic acid; ● Establishing latency or persistent infection (in some viruses); ● Translation of viral protein and post-translational modifications; ● Secretion and assembly of viral particles; and ● Release from host cells. Each of these steps can be used as antiviral targets. The most common strategy is to use a nucleoside analogue as a false substrate. However, such a false substrate can also be taken up by host polymerase and could result in toxicity, e.g. mitochondrial toxicity in some of the earlier antiretroviral drugs. The most successful example to circumvent this problem is aciclovir, which is the prodrug of the active agent aciclovir tri-phosphate. Aciclovir is a substrate for the viral enzyme thymidine kinase carried by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which converts it into aciclovir monophosphate. As this only happens inside cells infected by HSV or VZV, it is concentrated only in infected cells. Host enzymes then add further phosphates to form the active agent aciclovir triphosphate, which has a higher affinity to viral polymerase than host polymerase. It acts as a false substrate for the viral polymerase and results in premature termination of nucleic acid replication. A similar mechanism is utilized in ganciclovir against cytomegalovirus (CMV). The viral phosphate kinase involved in the case of CMV is the UL97 protein.
Conference papers on the topic "Bacterial, Premature"
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Sarsam, Saad, and Mohammed Sulaiman. "Reservation and Development of Rigid Pavement Quality with the Aid of Bacteria." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 2020. Cihan University-Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/aces2020/paper.205.
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Initiation of Microcracks in rigid pavement usually starts within few hours of casting due to the shrinkage of concrete and casting at hot environment condition. Cracking proceeds and changes to macrocracks throughout the service life of the pavement due to repetitions of compressive, tensile, and shear stress under wheel loading. Such cracking exhibits a durability problem since the ingress of moisture and harmful chemicals such as sulphates and chlorides into the concrete through the cracks can cause premature matrix degradation and corrosion of embedded steel reinforcement at joints, which may result in the decrement of strength and service life. In this work, implementation of self-healing techniques was adopted with the aid of bacteria and healing agent to precipitate CaCo3 on the formed micro-cracks. The precipitation of calcite by continuous hydration of cement helps in production of calcium carbonate precipitation with the help of bacteria. A soil bacterium named Bacillus subtilis was cultured in the laboratory, the concentration of bacteria cell of B. subtilits in normal saline (NaCl, 9 g/l) suspension was 106 cell/ml. Concrete specimens of various type (cube of 100x100x100 mm, cylinder of 100mm diameter and 200mm height, and beam of 100 x 100 x 500 mm) size have been prepared in the laboratory, then separated to three sets. The first set of specimens were subjected to controlled compression and flexure pre-cracking, then subjected to healing and curing in a water bath which contains the prementioned bacteria at 20°C for 7 days. The second set was the control specimens cured in water bath for 7 and 28 days at 20°C. The third set of specimens were subjected to healing and curing in a water bath which contains the prementioned bacteria at 20°C for 7 and 28 days and then tested for compressive, indirect tensile, and flexure properties. It was observed that the healing process provided by the bacteria have improved the overall properties of concrete by (23, 11 and 16) % for compressive, tensile and flexure strength respectively as compared to those of control mixture after 28 days of curing. On the other hand, specimens subjected to controlled pre-cracking exhibit improvement in strength properties after the healing process provided by the bacteria by (28 and 33) % for compressive and flexure strength respectively as compared to those of control mixture after 7 days of curing. It was concluded that spraying of bacterial water for curing the concrete is beneficial and can be considered as sustainable and environment friendly solution for maintenance. Bacteria can reserve, develop and maintain the quality of rigid pavement.
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Pokhylko, V., D. Dobryanskyy, O. Kovalova, O. Vorobiova, Y. Cherniavska, S. Tsvirenko, and H. Soloviova. "Analysis of the Associations between Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphism and Arterial Hypotension in Premature Infants with Early-Onset Bacterial Infections." In 7th International Conference on Clinical Neonatology—Selected Abstracts. Thieme Medical Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1646965.
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Holmes, Ryan R., Jennifer R. Melander, Rachel A. Weiler, Thomas P. Schuman, Kathleen V. Kilway, and J. David Eick. "Polymerization Stress and the Influence of TOSU Addends on Methacrylate Composites." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80627.
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The aesthetic appeal of composite-resin restoratives promotes their use, however their functional life is significantly shorter when compared to their metal counterparts.1 One possible reason is the effect of polymerization stress on marginal integrity. Shrinkage of the composite, and its associated stress, has been found to cause gap formation and stress interactions between the restorative and the adhesive. These gaps offer an ideal niche for bacteria, and, when compounded by the mechanical strain of chewing, can lead to premature failure of the restorative.2,3 Additionally, it is well known that incomplete conversion of the double bonds occurs during methacrylate polymerizations.4–7 A high degree of conversion is needed to prevent the presence of potentially hazardous monomers.8
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Azevêdo, Sâmya Pires Batista de, Ana Beatriz Silva Barbosa, Raniery Augusto Dos Santos Beserra Nogueira, Thayonara Irineu Da Costa, and Jamile Rodrigues Cosme De Holanda. "UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA ACERCA DAS ALTERAÇÕES DA MICROBIOTA VAGINAL NO PERÍODO GESTACIONAL E PARTO." In I Congresso Nacional de Microbiologia Clínica On-Line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1181.
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Introdução: Durante o período gestacional ocorrem diversas modificações fisiológicas no organismo feminino, e tais modificações são responsáveis por promover alterações no potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) vaginal e no equilíbrio da microbiota local. Nessa fase, as células epiteliais ricas em glicogênio estão abundantes, e como consequência disso vai favorecer a produção de ácido lático pelos lactobacilos, reduzindo ainda mais o pH vaginal. Objetivos: Evidenciar as alterações que ocorrem na microbiota vaginal no decorrer da gestação, e de que forma tais alterações irão influenciar na gravidez e parto. Material e Métodos: O presente estudo consta de uma revisão da literatura, realizada mediante a análise de artigos científicos publicados nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa, entre os anos de 2018 e 2019, por meio de pesquisa nos bancos de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Utilizando-se os Descritores em Ciência da Saúde: Flora; Microorganismos e Vaginose bacteriana, de forma associada com o operador booleano “AND”. Resultados: Observou-se que o pH garante o equilíbrio da flora vaginal, visto que nela há microrganismos residentes que lá vivem de forma comensal, tais como Gardnerella vaginalis, Megasphaera phylotype, espécies de Moliluncus, Bacteroides, Prevotela, Atopobium, e micoplasmas. Durante a gestação, a mulher passa por várias modificações fisiológicas e hormonais que podem vir a alterar, direta ou indiretamente, o pH vaginal e consequentemente proporcionar um bom ambiente para a proliferação desses microrganismos. Como consequência, temos a instalação da vaginose bacteriana, que é uma das infecções do trato genital feminino mais comuns, que atinge, principalmente, as mulheres no período gestacional. Esta pode causar desde uma simples infecção até um parto prematuro ou aborto, a depender da gravidade, diagnóstico e tratamento precoce. Conclusão: É possível constatar que a alteração da flora vaginal da gestante se apresenta de forma muito variada, o que pode dificultar a detecção da vaginose bacteriana. Os estudos comprovaram que gestantes podem apresentar flora vaginal alterada, mesmo sem apresentar sintomatologia. Devido às consequências danosas para a gestante e para o feto, é importante estabelecer rotinas que permitam diagnosticar, esclarecer e intervir nas alterações de flora vaginal no período gestacional.
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Brlansky, R. H. "Update on Huanglongbing Progression and Current Research in Florida." In ASME 2009 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec2009-5501.
Full textAbstract:
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease has been in Florida since at least 2005 and has spread to all of the citrus producing regions. The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is the insect that transmits the suspected causal bacterium which is tentatively named Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Symptoms of the disease are first the yellow shoot (huanglongbing) and the development of the blotchy mottle symptom in the leaves. Mineral deficiency symptoms are often found on infected trees and may mimic normal deficiency symptoms. Fruit on infected trees may be small and lopsided and may abscise prematurely and therefore productivity is reduced. Tree decline eventually occurs. The suspected causal bacterium has not been obtained in pure culture and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test along with symptoms, is the only way to verify infected trees. All citrus cultivars appear susceptible. Current management strategies are chemical and biological control to reduced psyllid populations, inspections for infected trees and removal of infected trees to reduce the available pathogen inoculum. Current research on psyllid control, psyllid transmission, symptomology, detection, culturing the causal agent, development of new detection methods, alternative hosts of the psyllid and the causal agent, physiology of the disease, resistant or tolerant cultivar development and more is discussed. HLB is a major problem for citrus production and often limits commercial production. Paper published with permission.