Journal articles: 'Bacterial, Premature'

1

Wong, Tit-Yee, Sanjit Fernandes, Naby Sankhon, Patrick P. Leong, Jimmy Kuo, and Jong-Kang Liu. "Role of Premature Stop Codons in Bacterial Evolution." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 20 (August 15, 2008): 6718–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00682-08.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT When the stop codons TGA, TAA, and TAG are found in the second and third reading frames of a protein-encoding gene, they are considered premature stop codons (PSC). Deinococcus radiodurans disproportionately favored TGA more than the other two triplets as a PSC. The TGA triplet was also found more often in noncoding regions and as a stop codon, though the bias was less pronounced. We investigated this phenomenon in 72 bacterial species with widely differing chromosomal GC contents. Although TGA and TAG were compositionally similar, we found a great variation in use of TGA but a very limited range of use of TAG. The frequency of use of TGA in the gene sequences generally increased with the GC content of the chromosome, while the frequency of use of TAG, like that of TAA, was inversely proportional to the GC content of the chromosome. The patterns of use of TAA, TGA and TAG as real stop codons were less biased and less influenced by the GC content of the chromosome. Bacteria with higher chromosomal GC contents often contained fewer PSC trimers in their genes. Phylogenetically related bacteria often exhibited similar PSC ratios. In addition, metabolically versatile bacteria have significantly fewer PSC trimers in their genes. The bias toward TGA but against TAG as a PSC could not be explained either by the preferential usage of specific codons or by the GC contents of individual chromosomes. We proposed that the quantity and the quality of the PSC in the genome might be important in bacterial evolution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

McGregor, James A., Janice I. French, and Kyung Seo. "Premature rupture of membranes and bacterial vaginosis." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 169, no. 2 (August 1993): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(93)90342-g.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Olm, Matthew R., Nicholas Bhattacharya, Alexander Crits-Christoph, Brian A. Firek, Robyn Baker, Yun S. Song, Michael J. Morowitz, and Jillian F. Banfield. "Necrotizing enterocolitis is preceded by increased gut bacterial replication, Klebsiella, and fimbriae-encoding bacteria." Science Advances 5, no. 12 (December 2019): eaax5727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax5727.

Full text

Abstract:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease that occurs primarily in premature infants. We performed genome-resolved metagenomic analysis of 1163 fecal samples from premature infants to identify microbial features predictive of NEC. Features considered include genes, bacterial strain types, eukaryotes, bacteriophages, plasmids, and growth rates. A machine learning classifier found that samples collected before NEC diagnosis harbored significantly more Klebsiella, bacteria encoding fimbriae, and bacteria encoding secondary metabolite gene clusters related to quorum sensing and bacteriocin production. Notably, replication rates of all bacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae, were significantly higher 2 days before NEC diagnosis. The findings uncover biomarkers that could lead to early detection of NEC and targets for microbiome-based therapeutics.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Srinivasan, Sujatha, and David N. Fredricks. "The Human Vaginal Bacterial Biota and Bacterial Vaginosis." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2008 (2008): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/750479.

Full text

Abstract:

The bacterial biota of the human vagina can have a profound impact on the health of women and their neonates. Changes in the vaginal microbiota have been associated with several adverse health outcomes including premature birth, pelvic inflammatory disease, and acquisition of HIV infection. Cultivation-independent molecular methods have provided new insights regarding bacterial diversity in this important niche, particularly in women with the common condition bacterial vaginosis (BV). PCR methods have shown that women with BV have complex communities of vaginal bacteria that include many fastidious species, particularly from the phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Healthy women are mostly colonized with lactobacilli such asLactobacillus crispatus,Lactobacillus jensenii, andLactobacillus iners, though a variety of other bacteria may be present. The microbiology of BV is heterogeneous. The presence ofGardnerella vaginalisandAtopobium vaginaecoating the vaginal epithelium in some subjects with BV suggests that biofilms may contribute to this condition.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Rotimi, V. O., S. A. Olowe, and I. Ahmed. "The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates." Journal of Hygiene 94, no. 3 (June 1985): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400061532.

Full text

Abstract:

SUMMARYThe sequential acquisition of bacterial flora by premature neonates was studied during a 10 month period. Mean gestational age of the babies was 29·01 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1·728 kg. Escherichia coli and group B streptococci (GBS) colonized the umbilicus of 7 and 6 babies respectively, out of 23 studied, on the first day of life. E. coli and staphylococci were the predominant flora on the 6th day and they colonized 12 and 13 respectively. The oral flora was predominantly Gram-positive cocci, mainly Streptoccocus salivarius which was isolated from 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day, viridians streptococci were isolated from 14 babies, Staphylococcus albus from 16 babies and group D streptococci from 11 babies. Candida spp. also colonized the oral cavities of 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day. At the end of the first week of life, the faecal flora was predominantly anaerobic represented by Bifidobacteriurn spp., Bacterioides spp. and Clostridium spp. The commonest facultative faecal flora were E. coli, which was isolated from all the babies, and Strept. faecalis isolated from 20 babies. Early gut colonization by GBS, Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. was noticed in more babies delivered vaginally than by caesarean section where colonization by these bacteria was relatively delayed. The use of prophylactic penicillin plus gentamicin in the special neonatal unit probably prevented systemic spread of any of the potential opportunistic pathogens during the study.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

SL, Hillier. "Bacterial Vaginosis and Premature Low-Birth-Weight Infants." Nurse Practitioner 21, no. 3 (March 1996): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199603000-00011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Prajarto, Hariyo Wirastomo. "The Association of Cervical Length, Bacterial Vaginosis, Urinary Tract Infection and Premature Rupture of Membranes to The Imminent Preterm Labour." Diponegoro International Medical Journal 1, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dimj.v1i2.9538.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background: Research conducted at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Dr. Kariadi Semarang in 2013 stated that out of 1,719 deliveries, 82 (5%) were preterm labor cases. Although there are many predictors for predicting imminent preterm labour, the complete prediction and prevention have not been established. Prevention of preterm labor through screening is the key to antenatal care. Good early prediction on a premature labor will provide adequate antenatal surveillance and special interventions.Objective: to analyze the relationship between cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and premature rupture of membranes with the incidence of preterm labor.Methods: It is an observational analytic study in the form of the design of cross sectional with subject of pregnant women who experienced imminent preterm labour at gestational age 28-34 weeks and were treated at the ward of Obstetrics Gynecology Hospital Dr. Kariadi Semarang and network hospital during the study period (n=112). Subjects were assessed for the clinical risk (BV, premature rupture of the membrane, urinary tract infection) and sonography (cervical length). Statistical analysis was performed with paired t-test for normally distributed data and Mann Whitney if otherwise. Analysis of the relationship between variables and the incidence of preterm labor was carried out by the X 2 testResults: From 112 subjects, it was found that the Prevalence Ratio (PR) for cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes to the incidence of imminent preterm labor was 2.2;2.32;1.99 and 2.36 respectively. From the multivariate analysis, it was found that bacterial vaginosis and premature rupture of membranes were the most influencing factors for the incidence of imminent premature labor with Odd Ratios of 6.497 and 21.362, respectively.Conclusion: There is a relationship between cervical length (≤25 mm ), bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes in the incidence of preterm labor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Sweet, Richard L. "Gynecologic Conditions and Bacterial Vaginosis: Implications for the Non-Pregnant Patient." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 3-4 (2000): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1064744900000260.

Full text

Abstract:

Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a shift from the predominant lactobacillus vaginal flora to an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial vaginosis is associated with an increased risk of gynecologic complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, postoperative infection, cervicitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and possibly cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The obstetrical risks associated with bacterial vaginosis include premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor and delivery, chorioamnionitis and postpartum endometritis. Despite the health risks associated with bacterial vaginosis and its high prevalence in women of childbearing age, bacterial vaginosis continues to be largely ignored by clinicians, particularly in asymptomatic women. Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol. 8:184–190, 2000.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Nguyen, Quoc Huy Vu, Hung Nam Le, Van Anh Ton Nu, Nguyen Dac Nguyen, and Minh Tam Le. "Lower genital tract infections in preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor: a case-control study from Vietnam." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 15, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 805–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.13244.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the incidence of lower genital infections and related factors in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and preterm labor. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted on pregnant women who were admitted to the Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam between November 2017 and May 2019. Cases from 22 to 36 gestational weeks were included as group 1 (patients with preterm labor and intact membranes) or as group 2 (those with PPROM). The control group included women with singleton pregnancies who were matched on gestational age and recruited concurrently with the study cases. Gram stain was perfomed to identify Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, mobiluncus, Candida, and leucocytes. Trichomonas vaginalis was detected by wet mount. Cultures of vaginal secretions and aminotic fluid were performed to identify aerobic bacteria. Results: Bacterial vaginosis was higher in group 1 (28.9%) compared to control (11.4%). The incidence of isolated aerobic bacteria was 44.1% in group 2, 11.1% in group 1, and 12.7% in the control group (p < 0.001). Fungal infection was not shown to be a risk factor for preterm labor (p = 0.990), whereas, bacterial vaginosis was (OR = 3.16; 95%CI = 1.23-8.15; p = 0.016). Isolated aerobic bacteria were associated with premature rupture of membranes (OR = 5.45; 95%CI = 2.11-14.05; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Bacteria vaginosis increased the risk of preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Isolated aerobic bacteria were related to PPROM, while fungal infection was not associated with preterm labor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Bitew Kifilie, Abebaw, Mulat Dagnew, Birhanemeskel Tegenie, Biruk Yeshitela, Rawleigh Howe, and Ebba Abate. "Bacterial Profile, Antibacterial Resistance Pattern, and Associated Factors from Women Attending Postnatal Health Service at University of Gondar Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia." International Journal of Microbiology 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3165391.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction. Surgical site infection is a vital cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, especially in resource-limited countries. The rise of antibiotic resistance bacterial infection poses a big threat to this vulnerable population. However, there is lack of studies around the study area. Objective. The purpose of this study was to identify bacterial profile, antibacterial resistance pattern, and associated factors among mothers attending postnatal care health service. Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 107 study participants at University of Gondar Teaching Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 30 May 2016. Wound swab, aspirate, and biopsy were collected and performed for culture and drug resistance testing. Data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to determine the associated factors for bacterial infection. Odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated to determine the strength of statistically significant associated factors. Result. Bacterial growth was confirmed in 90 (84.1%) of 107 study participants suspected to have surgical site infection. The predominant bacterial isolates were S. aureus (41.6%), E. coli (19.8%), K. pneumoniae (13.9%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus (12.9%), and Enterobacter spp. (4%). The majority of isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and tetracycline but susceptible to ceftriaxone and amikacin. Multidrug-resistant bacteria species were isolated. Using a procedure such as cesarean section and episiotomy for delivery and premature rapture of membrane had strong association with bacterial infection. Conclusion. The high prevalence of bacterial profile and isolation of multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a big threat to postnatal mothers and their children. Factors such as cesarean section, episiotomy for delivery, and premature rapture of membrane were predictors for bacterial infection. Therefore, there should be done a continuous surveillance as well as rational use of antibiotics and a longitudinal study using phenotypic and genotypic methods will be done.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Shima, Yoshio, Sakae Kumasaka, Kentaro Yashiro, Mizue Nakajima, and Makoto Migita. "Intussusception in an extremely premature infant following bacterial sepsis." European Journal of Pediatrics 171, no. 4 (November 29, 2011): 725–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-011-1635-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Gaul, Janeen. "Probiotics for the Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis." Neonatal Network 27, no. 2 (March 2008): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.27.2.75.

Full text

Abstract:

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for low birth weight premature infants. Prematurity, ischemia, formula feeding, and bacterial colonization are risk factors for the self-perpetuating cycle of damaged intestinal epithelia, inflammation, bacterial entry, sepsis, and shock that characterizes NEC. Probiotics are food supplements containing live bacteria that benefit the recipient by improving the microflora balance within the intestine. Several studies suggest that the administration of probiotics may have a prophylactic effect for NEC and may reduce morbidity and mortality rates for low birth weight infants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Zanatta, Djulie, Mariane Rossini, and Alberto Trapani Júnior. "Pyelonephritis in Pregnancy: Clinical and Laboratorial Aspects and Perinatal Results." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 39, no. 12 (November 27, 2017): 653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608627.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective To identify the prevalence of pyelonephritis during pregnancy and to analyze the clinical and laboratorial aspects, perinatal results and complications. Methods A transversal study of 203 pregnant women who had pyelonephritis during pregnancy and whose labor took place between 2010 and 2016 at a hospital in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The analysis was based on medical records as well as on the hospital's database. Clinical and laboratory conditions, antibiotics, bacterial resistance, perinatal outcomes and complications were all taken into account. The data was compared using the Mann-Whitney test and the Chi-square test. Results A prevalence of 1.97% with pyelonephritis was evidenced, with most patients having it during the second trimester of gestation. The bacteria most commonly found in the urine cultures was Escherichia coli, in 76.6% of cases, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.7%). Ceftriaxone had the lowest bacterial resistance (only 3.5% of the cases). On the other hand, ampicillin and cephalothin presented higher bacterial resistance, 52% and 36.2%, respectively. The risk of very premature delivery was more than 50% higher in patients with pyelonephritis. Conclusion Ampicillin and first-generation cephalosporins are associated with a higher bacterial resistance while ceftriaxone proved to have a high efficacy for the treatment of pyelonephritis due to low bacterial resistance. Patients with pyelonephritis showed a higher risk for very premature delivery (< 32 weeks). In this casuistry, there were no others significant differences in the overall perinatal outcomes when compared with the routine service series.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Liang, Haifeng, Zhiqiang Xie, Baohong Liu, Xiaojie Song, and Guanghui Zhao. "A routine urine test has partial predictive value in premature rupture of the membranes." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 6 (April 14, 2019): 2361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519841160.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to examine the predictive value of a routine urine test for premature rupture of the fetal membranes. Methods Routine urine test data of 100 patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) and 100 patients with full-term premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) were collected by the case-based method. Additionally, 100 healthy pregnant women and 100 nonpregnant adult healthy women were selected as the negative control group and blank control group, respectively. A receiver operating characteristic curve was established after identifying the different parameters. Results We found that occult blood, glucose, ketone bodies, urine specific gravity, red blood cell count, epithelial cell count, bacteria, yeast, crystals, and electrical conductivity were significantly different between the PPROM and PROM groups. There were significant differences in occult blood, protein, glucose, ketone bodies, pH, red blood cell count, bacteria, urine specific gravity, crystals, and electrical conductivity between the PPROM and full-term groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that when the cut-off for bacteria was 130.15, it had the largest area under the curve value of 0.696. Conclusion A routine urine test, especially for bacterial counts, has certain predictive value for PROM.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Islam, Md Shafiqul. "Prematur e Ejaculation and Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis." Medicine Today 29, no. 2 (November 20, 2017): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v29i2.34621.

Full text

Abstract:

Premature ejaculation (PE) is regarded as the most common male sexual disorder. Previous studies reported that prostatic inflammation was highly prevalent in PE. However, the effect of antibiotic treatment of cases with PE and chronic prostatitis has not been extensively investigated. To examine the effect of antibiotic treatment in delaying ejaculation in patients with PE and chronic prostatitis. The study was carried out in my private chamber and at General Hospital N.Gong from June 2014 to December 2016. The study was performed with prior permission and the confidentiality was maintained. A total of 135 consecutive men attending of secondary premature ejaculation (SPE) were included in this study. Sequential microbiologic specimens were obtained from urine and prostatic fluids. Antibiotics were given for one month according to the results of their culture and sensitivity test. All patients were instructed to follow up in General Hospital N.Gong/Private chamber monthly for at least 4 months. At the end of the 4-month follow-up, another prostatic secretion analysis was performed. Based on expressed prostatic secretion culture and white blood cell (WBC) count, 84 (62.2%) were having chronic bacterial prostatitis. The remaining 51 (37.8%) patients had negative WBC count. Of the 84 patients with secondary premature ejaculation (SPE) and chronic bacterial prostatitis, 20 patients were left untreated and considered as a control group. All 64 patients with PE and chronic prostatitis continued the 1- month treatment duration. Following 1-month antibiotic treatment, all 64 patients with initially positive cultures had sterile final cultures (P < 0.05). Fifty one (79.68%) patients showed increases in their ejaculatory latency time and reported good control of their ejaculation and were considered treatment responsive. None of the control group patients experienced any improvement either in their prostatic infection condition or in their ejaculation time. The follow-up of treatment-responsive patients (N = 51) revealed no recurrence of PE with negative prostatic culture. Successful eradication of causative organisms in patients with PE and chronic prostatitis may lead to marked improvement in intravaginal ejaculatory latency time and ejaculatory control.Medicine Today 2017 Vol.29(2): 21-25

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Korobko, A. P., and I. A. Korobko. "Premature yellow leaves on linden (Tiliassp.), A new bacterial disease." Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection 31, no. 3 (January 1998): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235409809383237.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

La Rosa, P. S., B. B. Warner, Y. Zhou, G. M. Weinstock, E. Sodergren, C. M. Hall-Moore, H. J. Stevens, et al. "Patterned progression of bacterial populations in the premature infant gut." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, no. 34 (August 11, 2014): 12522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1409497111.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Li, Ming, and Xue Ling Ji. "Bacterial Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 211-212 (February 2011): 968–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.211-212.968.

Full text

Abstract:

The loss of the population diversity leads to the premature convergence in existing particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm. In order to solve this problem, a novel version of PSO algorithm called bacterial PSO(BacPSO), was proposed in this paper. In the new algorithm, the individuals were replaced by bacterial, and a new evolutionary mechanism was designed by the basic law of evolution of bacterial colony. Such evolutionary mechanism also generated a new natural termination criterion. Propagation and death operators were used to keep the population diversity of BacPSO. The simulation results show that BacPSO algorithm not only significantly improves convergence speed ,but also can converge to the global optimum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Colli, E., C. Bertulessi, M. Landoni, and F. Parazzini. "Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: Evidence from the Literature." Journal of International Medical Research 24, no. 4 (July 1996): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059602400401.

Full text

Abstract:

We review below the evidence from the literature about the relationships between bacterial vaginosis, its treatment and pregnancy outcome. The literature indicates that there is a well-defined association between the presence of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy and the risk of premature membrane rupture and preterm birth. Less definite is the role of the treatment of such pathology in reducing the frequency of preterm birth and/or premature rupture of membranes. The results of the controlled clinical trials are not entirely consistent. Of the most studied therapies, clindamycin seems to have shown favourable results most consistently but the published data are limited to trials including just a few hundred subjects. Only the availability of further data from controlled clinical trials will clarify the role of such treatment for bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Mukhin, Vladimir E., Lyudmila L. Pankratyeva, Olga I. Mileva, Mikhael N. Yartsev, and Nikolay N. Volodin. "Absolute Neutropenia and Infection Development in Premature Infants in Early Neonatal Period: Cross-Sectional Study." Current Pediatrics 19, no. 5 (December 24, 2020): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v19i5.2211.

Full text

Abstract:

Background. Premature infants have high risk of developing of neutropenia and infections in the early neonatal period. The correlation of these events requires further studies.Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of absolute neutropenia and infectious complications cases in premature infants in the early neonatal period with estimation of phenotypical and functional features of cord blood neutrophils.Methods. The study included premature infants (gestational age 25–36 weeks) with APGAR score < 8 on the 1st and 5th minutes of life. The frequency of absolute neutropenia (at least once < 1.5109/l) and infectious complications (localized infections of bacterial etiology, early neonatal sepsis) cases in the first 14 day of life was analysed. Additionally, we have determined the expression of CD64, CD16, CD32 by cord blood neutrophils in premature (n = 102) and mature infants (n = 30) via method of flow cytofluorometry. We have used FITC labeled Escherichia coli to estimate their phagocytic activity, and stimulation of E. coli neutrophils in the presence of 5 mM of dihydrorhodamine 123 to estimate their stimulation index (ratio of mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of activated neutrophils in stimulated samples and in negative controls, E. coli free samples).Results. The episodes of absolute neutropenia in the first 14 days of life were recorded in 17 cases, infectious complications — in 87 children (in 24 cases — sepsis) in the group of premature infants. The frequency of infectious complications in premature children did not correlate with the frequency of absolute neutropenia episodes. Cord blood neutrophils in premature infants had higher CD64 expression and, on the contrary, lower CD16 expression, as well as low phagocytic activity and stimulation index value (in all cases p < 0.001).Conclusion. Absolute neutropenia in premature infants in early neonatal period does not correlate with high risk of bacterial infections. However, cord blood neutrophils in premature infants had lower functional activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Spiegel, C. A. "Bacterial vaginosis." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 4, no. 4 (October 1991): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.4.4.485.

Full text

Abstract:

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common of the vaginitides affecting women of reproductive age. It appears to be due to an alteration in the vaginal ecology by which Lactobacillus spp., the predominant organisms in the healthy vagina, are replaced by a mixed flora including Prevotella bivia, Prevotella disiens, Porphyromonas spp., Mobiluncus spp., and Peptostreptococcus spp. All of these organisms except Mobiluncus spp. are also members of the endogenous vaginal flora. While evidence from treatment trials does not support the notion that BV is sexually transmitted, recent studies have shown an increased risk associated with multiple sexual partners. It has also been suggested that the pathogenesis of BV may be similar to that of urinary tract infections, with the rectum serving as a reservoir for some BV-associated flora. The organisms associated with BV have also been recognized as agents of female upper genital tract infection, including pelvic inflammatory disease, and the syndrome BV has been associated with adverse outcome of pregnancy, including premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, and fetal loss; postpartum endometritis; cuff cellulitis; and urinary tract infections. The mechanisms by which the BV-associated flora causes the signs of BV are not well understood, but a role for H2O2-producing Lactobacillus spp. in protecting against colonization by catalase-negative anaerobic bacteria has been recognized. These and other aspects of BV are reviewed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Begum, Sayeda, Tadashi Sagawa, and Seiichiro Fujimoto. "Screening for Bacterial Vaginosis and Cervicitis Aimed at Preventing Premature Delivery." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 23, no. 1 (February 1997): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.1997.tb00814.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Januszkiewicz, D., M. Szczepa ska, A. Szumala-K. kol, J. Skrzypczak, and J. Nowak. "Relationship Between Bacterial and Fungal Infection and Premature Rupture of Membranes." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 12 (December 2008): e181-e182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.452.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Zhang, Xiao Ying, Chen Li, and Zhen Li. "Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Based on Mixed Bacterial Chemotaxis Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 1849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1849.

Full text

Abstract:

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm converges fast but it is easy to fall into local optimum, and bacterial chemotaxis (BC) algorithm prevents premature convergence and prevents falling into local optimum, so a new mixed bacterial chemotaxis (MBC) algorithm is proposed by combining the PSO with BC. The novel algorithm is applied to reactive power optimization on power system. First the PSO is used to find best solution, then BC is used to find the optimal solution among the selected area of previous step, the reserving elite strategy is introduced to enhance the efficiency of the algorithm, and then the optimal solution is obtained. Through the comparison with PSO and BCC in the reactive power optimization of IEEE30-bus system, the results indicate that MBC not only prevents premature convergence to a large extent, but also keeps a more rapid convergence rate than PSO and BCC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Asfour, Suzan S., Raneem S. Asfour, Thanaa M. Khalil, and Mountasser M. Al-Mouqdad. "The Use of Daptomycin in the Treatment of Persistent Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Sepsis in Premature Infants: A Case Series." Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-26.1.92.

Full text

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with rapid bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Reports regarding the use of daptomycin in infants are still limited. Thus, the objective of this report is to describe the safety and efficacy of daptomycin in premature infants with persistent coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) infection. METHODS This was a retrospective chart review of 10 premature infants with persistent CoNS infection who received daptomycin therapy between January 2018 and September 2019. Four patients had endocarditis and 1 had bacterial meningitis and infectious endocarditis. The other 5 patients had persistent CoNS bacteraemia only. RESULTS Daptomycin treatment was successful for 5 patients. The others died owing to multiple factors such as prematurity, sepsis, and chronic lung disease. Adverse drug reactions, including elevation of creatine phosphokinase and/or hepatotoxicity, were noted in 4 patients. CONCLUSIONS Large and randomized studies are necessary to ensure daptomycin's safety and efficacy for the treatment of infants with persistent sepsis caused by Gram-positive bacteria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Cherniavska, Yuliia I., Valeriy I. Pokhylko, Tetiana K. Znamenska, Olga V. Vorobiova, and Nataliia I. Hasiuk. "EFFECT OF ENOS GENE POLYMORPHISM ON THE COURSE OF EARLY ONSET BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN PREMATURE INFANTS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 6 (2020): 1237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202006130.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of the study was to analyze the associations between 4a/4b polymorphism of the eNOS gene and impaired systemic hemodynamics in premature infants with early neonatal sepsis. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study, which included 120 premature babies with early neonatal sepsis, in 57 children the course of the disease was accompanied by arterial hypotension (AH) and in 61 children – not. In children of both groups, genotyping was performed to determine 4a/4b polymorphism of the eNOS gene. Results: It was shown that the heart rate, blood pressure, hourly diuresis, the level of total nitrates and nitrites in the urine, as well as a number of echocardioscopic and dopplerometric indicators in children with different eNOS gene genotypes are not different. Conclusions: There is no effect of 4a/4b polymorphism of the eNOS gene on the occurrence of hemodynamic disturbances in premature infants with sepsis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Pokhylko, V. I., O. M. Kovalova, Yu I. Cherniavska, S. M. Tsvirenko, and V. P. Sarytchev. "INFLUENCE OF GENE POLYMORPHISM OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM ON THE COURSE OF EARLY BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN PREMATURE INFANTS." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 19, no. 4 (November 13, 2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.19.4.19.

Full text

Abstract:

In the perinatal-specific infection mortality pattern, bacterial sepsis of newborns and congenital pneumonia account for 23.5% and occupy the I rank. Among the many non-specific clinical signs of infection, hemodynamic disorders are dominant in the development of adverse medical effects. Polymorphism of genes of the renin-angiotensin system, as one of the regulating units, can lead to peculiarities of disorders of hemodynamics in the infectious process. Aim of the study: to study the effect of ACE, AGT2R1 and eNOS gene polymorphism on the development of early bacterial infections and their most severe manifestation – arterial hypotension syndrome. Materials and Methods: two groups of children were formed to achieve the goal. The main group includes 121 prematurely born infants with bacterial infections of the early neonatal period, and the comparison group includes 31 prematurely born infants with no signs of early bacterial infections. Genetic methods included the study of ID polymorphism of ACE gene, AC polymorphism of gene AGT2R1 gene polymorphism and 4a/4b polymorphism of eNOS. Analysis of vital functions in children stratified according to the genotype of the ACE gene, showed that at the first day of life in prematurely born children with genotype II, the mean blood pressure was significantly higher than in children with the genotype ID (35.3 ± 1.55 mm Hg) and 31.7 ± 0.88 mmHg, respectively, p = 0.033). In children with the II genotype of ACE, the hourly diuresis rate at day 1 was significantly lower than in children with the DD genotype (1.6 ± 0.2 ml/kg/h and 2.2 ± 0.21 ml/kg/h, respectively, p = 0.0017), which may indicate better renal circulation in children with the DD genotype. As a result of the study, no influence of the genes of the renin-angiotensin system on the fact of early bacterial infections occurrence was found, but significant influence of the CC-genotype of the AGT2R1 gene on the development of arterial hypotension syndrome in premature infants (OR = 10.17) was detected. A practical recommendation for public health may be to conduct a genetic study to identify ACE and AGT2R1 gene polymorphisms in preterm infants, which will help identify the risk group for systemic and organ haemodynamic disorders and manage it individually.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Edwards, Jonnelle M., Shaunak Roy, Sarah L. Galla, Jeremy C. Tomcho, Nicole R. Bearss, Emily W. Waigi, Blair Mell, et al. "FPR-1 (Formyl Peptide Receptor-1) Activation Promotes Spontaneous, Premature Hypertension in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats." Hypertension 77, no. 4 (April 2021): 1191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16237.

Full text

Abstract:

Cell death has long been a characteristic phenotype of organ damage in hypertension, and recently, leaky gut has been revealed as a novel hypertensive phenotype. However, despite the increase in bacterial and damaged mitochondrial products in the circulation of hypertensive patients and animals, the mechanistic contribution of these two phenomena to hypertension pathophysiology is unknown. Mitochondria and bacteria both start protein translation with an N-formyl methionine residue and thus are the only sources of NFPs (N-formyl peptides), which activate the FPR-1 (formyl peptide receptor-1). We hypothesized that the synergistic action of bacterial and mitochondrial NFPs would cause the spontaneous elevation of blood pressure and vascular remodeling in male Dahl salt-sensitive rats via FPR-1. We observed that mitochondria-derived peptides originating from cell death in the kidneys are responsible for FPR-1–induced vascular hypercontractility and remodeling and premature elevation of BP in Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a low-salt diet. However, a high-salt diet leads to gut barrier disruption and, subsequently, a synergistic action of mitochondria, and bacteria-derived leaky gut NFPs lead to a severe and established hypertension. Administration of an FPR-1 antagonist lowered blood pressure in Dahl salt-sensitive rats on a low-salt diet but amoxicillin administration did not. These results reveal for the first time that cell death can be a cause of hypertensive pathophysiology, whereas leaky gut is a consequence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Rani, Shikha, Reeti Mehra, Varsha Gupta, Anju Huria, and Jagdish Chander. "Vaginal flora in preterm premature rupture of membranes and their sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (May 16, 2014): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9889.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Ascending infection is one of the most common etiologies in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Antibiotics are used in PPROM to prolong the pregnancy and to prevent infection. But to prevent drug overuse and resistance, microorganism directed antibiotics should be used. So, this study was planned to evaluate vaginal flora in pregnant women with PPROM and their sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 50 pregnant women (cases) preterm premature rupture of membranes and 28 pregnant women (controls) without complication were assessed for the type of vaginal flora and its sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics. Results: Among cases 18 (36%) women showed bacteria on Gram’s staining of vaginal swabs with Gram?negative bacteria (10/18) being the most common. Among controls, 16 (57%) women showed bacteria on Gram’s staining with Gram?positive bacteria being most common. Among cases Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the commonest isolates. Of 8 (16%) positive bacterial cultures in cases, 6 (10%) were sensitive to Gentamicin and 2 (4%) to Ampicillin. Conclusion: Lower genital tract flora of pregnant women with PPROM predominantly consists of Gram?negative bacteria, which are sensitive to Gentamicin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9889 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 58-60

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Han, Yiping W., Raymond W. Redline, Mei Li, Lihong Yin, Gale B. Hill, and Thomas S. McCormick. "Fusobacterium nucleatum Induces Premature and Term Stillbirths in Pregnant Mice: Implication of Oral Bacteria in Preterm Birth." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 4 (April 2004): 2272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.4.2272-2279.2004.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobe ubiquitous to the oral cavity. It is associated with periodontal disease. It is also associated with preterm birth and has been isolated from the amniotic fluid, placenta, and chorioamnionic membranes of women delivering prematurely. Periodontal disease is a newly recognized risk factor for preterm birth. This study examined the possible mechanism underlying the link between these two diseases. F. nucleatum strains isolated from amniotic fluids and placentas along with those isolated from orally related sources invaded both epithelial and endothelial cells. The invasive ability may enable F. nucleatum to colonize and infect the pregnant uterus. Transient bacteremia caused by periodontal infection may facilitate bacterial transmission from the oral cavity to the uterus. To test this hypothesis, we intravenously injected F. nucleatum into pregnant CF-1 mice. The injection resulted in premature delivery, stillbirths, and nonsustained live births. The bacterial infection was restricted inside the uterus, without spreading systemically. F. nucleatum was first detected in the blood vessels in murine placentas. Invasion of the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels was observed. The bacteria then crossed the endothelium, proliferated in surrounding tissues, and finally spread to the amniotic fluid. The pattern of infection paralleled that in humans. This study represents the first evidence that F. nucleatum may be transmitted hematogenously to the placenta and cause adverse pregnancy outcomes. The results strengthen the link between periodontal disease and preterm birth. Our study also indicates that invasion may be an important virulence mechanism for F. nucleatum to infect the placenta.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Perepelitsa, S. A., A. M. Golubev, V. V. Moroz, S. V. Alekseyeva, and V. A. Melnichenko. "Placental Inflammatory Changes and Bacterial Infection in Premature Neonates with Respiratory Failure." General Reanimatology 8, no. 3 (June 20, 2012): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2012-3-18.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Neu, J. "Dynamics and Clinical Evolution of Bacterial Gut Microflora in Extremely Premature Patients." Yearbook of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine 2011 (January 2011): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ynpm.2011.07.074.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

REUMAN, PETER D., DONNA H. DUCKWORTH, KENNETH L. SMITH, RHODA KAGAN, RICHARD L. BUCCIARELLI, and ELIA M. AYOUB. "Lack of effect of Lactobacillus on gastrointestinal bacterial colonization in premature infants." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 5, no. 6 (November 1986): 663–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-198611000-00013.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Coalson, Jacqueline J., Dale R. Gerstmann, Vicki T. Winter, and Robert A. Delemos. "Bacterial Colonization and Infection Studies in the Premature Baboon with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia." American Review of Respiratory Disease 144, no. 5 (November 1991): 1140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.5.1140.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Jacquot, Aurelien, Dorine Neveu, Fabien Aujoulat, Gregoire Mercier, Hélène Marchandin, Estelle Jumas-Bilak, and Jean-Charles Picaud. "Dynamics and Clinical Evolution of Bacterial Gut Microflora in Extremely Premature Patients." Journal of Pediatrics 158, no. 3 (March 2011): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.09.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Warris, A., B. A. Semmekrot, and A. Voss. "Candidal and bacterial bloodstream infections in premature neonates: a case-control study." Medical Mycology 39, no. 1 (January 2001): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/mmy.39.1.75.79.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Blot, Mathieu, Pascal Chavanet, and Lionel Piroth. "Procalcitonin to Distinguish Viral From Bacterial Origin of Pneumonia: No Premature Conclusion!" Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz951.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Pokhylko, Valeriy, Olena Kovalova, Yuliia Cherniavska, Svitlana Tsvirenko, and Yuliia Klymchuk. "DEVELOPMENT OF ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION IN PREMATURE INFANTS WITH EARLY ONSET BACTERIAL INFECTIONS: TOOLS OF CLINICAL PREDICATION." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 5 (2019): 1068–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201905222.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: The safe thresholds of blood pressure in preterm neonates are still unclear. The aim of our study was to substantiate the diagnostic criteria for the syndrome of arterial hypotension (AH) and indications for the appointment of hemodynamic support in premature infants with early onset bacterial infections. Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted. 2 experimental groups were formed –premature babies with early onset bacterial infections and AH (n = 58), and control group (n = 62), premature babies without AH. The subjects of the study were a number of risk factors. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used. Results: In premature infants with AH, compared with those without AH, there are significantly lower values of stroke index of left ventricle (SILV), index of resistance (IR) of the middle cerebral artery, pH, significantly higher level of urea in serum and a higher proportion of children with hypoglycemia. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to develop a clinical prognostic model for the AH-syndrome. Only prognostic model, which included SILV, blood pH and blood glucose, had high prognostic characteristics and the largest area under the ROC curve. Conclusions: The following diagnostic criteria can be used for the appointment of medical support for hemodynamics: the digital value of the level of mean blood pressure, expressed in mmHg, is less than the gestational age in weeks, and at least one of the following indicators –pH is less than 7.2, blood glucose level is less than 2.8 mmol/l, SILV is less than the normal ranges.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Faisal, Ahmad, Guslihan D. Tjipta, Bidasari Lubis, and Dachrul Aldy. "Comparison of absolute neutrophil count between premature and term infants." Paediatrica Indonesiana 44, no. 5 (October 10, 2016): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi44.5.2004.197-200.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Neutrophils are very important in the body defenseagainst bacterial infection. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) couldbe used for the recognition of early-onset bacterial sepsis inneonates.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the value of ANCbetween premature and term infants, to assess the prevalence ofearly-onset neutropenia in premature infants and its relationshipwith prematurity, and to find out the correlation between gesta-tional age and ANC.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during Februaryto May 2003. Subjects were newborn infants with gestational ageof less than 37 weeks who were born in Adam Malik and PirngadiHospitals, Medan. Newborn infants with severe asphyxia (5-minuteApgar score of less than 4), fever, seizure, and maternalhypertension were excluded. Complete blood count was done bymeans of automatic cell counter (Micros (R) , Germany). Term healthyinfants were used as control subjects.Results ANC differed significantly between both groups (p=0.0001).The prevalence of early-onset neutropenia in premature infantswas 9% (95%CI 0.065;0.21). Prematurity was related with theincidence of neutropenia with a prevalence ratio of 1.1. Therewas a weak positive correlation between gestational age andANC with an r-value of 0.49 (p=0.0001).Conclusions ANC in premature infants differs from that in terminfants. The prevalence of early-onset neutropenia in prematureinfants was 9% (95%CI 0.065;0.21). Prematurity is related with theincidence of early-onset neutropenia in newborn infants. There isa correlation between gestational age and ANC

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Abedeera, Sudeshi M., Caitlin M. Hawkins, and Sanjaya C. Abeysirigunawardena. "RsmG forms stable complexes with premature small subunit rRNA during bacterial ribosome biogenesis." RSC Advances 10, no. 38 (2020): 22361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02732d.

Full text

Abstract:

RsmG is the methyltransferase responsible for the N7 methylation of G527 of 16S rRNA. Here we show that RsmG binds preferably to premature bacterial small subunit rRNA. The presence of ribosomal proteins also influences the stability of RsmG–rRNA complexes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Mai, Xiong Fa, and Ling Li. "Bacterial Foraging Algorithm Based on PSO with Adaptive Inertia Weigh for Solving Nonlinear Equations Systems." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 940–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.940.

Full text

Abstract:

Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) has recently emerged as a very powerful technique for optimization,but it also confronts the problems of slow convergence and premature convergence. To overcome the drawbacks of BFA, This article merge the idea of particle swarm optimization algorithm with adaptive inertia weigh into the bacterial foraging to improve the speed and convergence capabilities of BFA, and according to this a bacterial foraging algorithm based on PSO(APSO-BFA) is presented. Simulation results on five systems of nonlinear equations show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the other two kinds of bacterial foraging algorithm

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Weng, M., and W. A. Walker. "The role of gut microbiota in programming the immune phenotype." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 4, no. 3 (January 8, 2013): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174412000712.

Full text

Abstract:

The human fetus lives in a germ-free intrauterine environment and enters the outside world containing microorganisms from several sources, resulting in gut colonization. Full-term, vaginally born infants are completely colonized with a diverse array of bacterial families in clusters (Phyla) and species (>1000) by the first year of life. Colonizing bacteria communicating with the gut epithelium and underlying lymphoid tissues (‘bacterial–epithelial crosstalk’) result in a functional immune phenotype and no expression of disease (immune homeostasis). Appropriate colonization is influenced by the prebiotic effect of breast milk oligosaccharides. Adequate colonization results in an innate and adaptive mucosal immune phenotype via communication between molecular patterns on colonizing bacteria and pattern-recognition receptors (e.g., toll-like receptors) on epithelial and lymphoid cells. This ontogeny affects the immune system's capacity to develop oral tolerance to innocuous bacteria and benign antigens. Inadequate intestinal colonization with premature delivery, delivery by Cesarean section and excessive use of perinatal antibiotics results in the absence of adequate bacterial–epithelial crosstalk and an increased incidence of immune-mediated diseases [e.g., asthma, allergy in general and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)]. Fortunately, infants with inadequate intestinal colonization can be restored to a bacterial balance with the intake of probiotics. This has been shown to prevent debilitating diseases such as NEC. Thus, understanding the role of gut microbiota in programming of the immune phenotype may be important in preventing disease expression in later childhood and adulthood.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Tabatabaei, N., KH Albertine, L. Wenhua, and DE Lorant. "Effect of Prematurity on the Presence of Weibel-Palade Bodies in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell In Situ." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 1164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600025940.

Full text

Abstract:

Newborn, premature infants have greater susceptibility to infection compared to older newborn infants. Although the reason for greater susceptibility to bacterial infection in premature infants is unknown, there are many reports that focus on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) as the defective cell type in the immature neonatal system. However, we have recently reported that in an rat model of inflammation, neutrophils from adult rats failed to migrate efficiently in neonatal rats. Furthermore, we found that this defect was associated with decreased expression of P-selectin on the surface of neonatal endothelial cells in situ. P-selectin is an adherence molecule that is expressed by activated endothelial cells and serves as the counterligand for CD11/CD18, the β2- integrin that is expressed by activated neutrophils.We hypothesized that endothelial cell P-selectin expression would be less in human umbilical cord veins from prematurely born (preterm) infants compared to normal term infants. To test this hypothesis, we collected umbilical cords from preterm infants (<27 weeks gestation) and term infants (>38 weeks gestation).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Островская, Ольга, Olga Ostrovskaya, Наталья Ивахнишина, Natalya Ivakhnishina, Ольга Кожарская, Ol'ga Kozharskaya, Денис Мусатов, et al. "MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF PLACENTA UNDER MYCOPLASMA INFECTION." Bulletin physiology and pathology of respiration 1, no. 69 (October 5, 2018): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b9758eab95055.27382492.

Full text

Abstract:

Literature data on the ethiopathogenetic role of Ureaplasma species, Mycoplasma hominis in the development of premature delivery is contradictory due to the fact that Mycoplasma may be part of the normal microflora of women of reproductive age. The article is aimed to reveal the peculiarities of morphofunctional state of the placentas infected with Mycoplasma. The placentas were obtained from women whose pregnancy ended prematurely. Morphological, histological and molecular genetic study of 34 placentas from maternity patients with premature delivery was performed. Molecular genetic study was carried out by real-time PCR. Ureaplasma spp. was detected as a part of mono- and mixed infections in a concentration of 10*2 to 10*6 GE/mL in 32.3% of cases. Mycoplasma hominis was detected in 23.5% of cases, in a concentration of 10*3 to 10*6 GE/mL. Inflammatory changes in the membranes and placenta were revealed in all cases of Ureaplasma spp. detection as a monoinfection regardless of the degree of bacterial load, which confirms the belief about the pathogenetic role of Ureaplasma spp. in the process of reproductive disorders formation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Gunale, Anuradha, Heike von Baum, and Constanze Wendt. "Survival of Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae on Fingers." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 27, no. 9 (September 2006): 974–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/507285.

Full text

Abstract:

Five strains ofEnterobacterspecies (n= 4) andPantoeaspecies (n= 1) resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and isolated from clusters of 3-25 premature infants and small children and 5 strains (4Enterobacterstrains and 1Pantoeastrain) with the same resistance pattern that were isolated from 1 premature infant or small child each were inoculated on the fingertips of 10 volunteer study participants to test whether survival on fingertips is correlated with horizontal transmission. Although there was no significant difference in survival between the groups of transmitted and sporadic strains, there were significant differences in bacterial survival between the participants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Kulizhnikov, G. V., E. G. Furman, and A. V. Nikolenko. "DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF LABORATORY MARKERS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS IN PREMATURE INFANTS." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 100, no. 1 (February 15, 2021): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2021-100-1-95-100.

Full text

Abstract:

Neonatal sepsis (NS) is the leading cause of mortality in premature newborns. It is a difficult diagnostic task for clinicians. This article provides a review of the literature on laboratory markers of NS. The latest methods for the diagnosis of sepsis in premature infants in various studies are considered in the article. The results of studying the diagnostic value of a general blood test, cytokines, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, prespepsin, microRNA polymorphism, bacterial blood culture, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as diagnostic significance – sensitivity, specificity, prognostic value of positive and negative results are presented.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Duffy, Linda C., Maria A. Zielezny, Vivien Carrion, Elizabeth Griffiths, Diane Dryja, Milo Hilty, James Cummings, and Frederick Morin. "Bacterial toxins and enteral feeding of premature infants at risk for necrotizing enterocolitis." American Journal of Human Biology 10, no. 2 (1998): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1998)10:2<211::aid-ajhb6>3.0.co;2-n.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Naville, Magali, and Daniel Gautheret. "Premature terminator analysis sheds light on a hidden world of bacterial transcriptional attenuation." Genome Biology 11, no. 9 (2010): R97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-9-r97.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Shree, Tamanna, Amrit Pal Kaur, S. P. S. Dhillon, and Loveena Oberoi. "Study of prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in preterm and term labour patients." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190883.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a clinical condition caused by replacement of the normal hydrogen peroxide producing Lactobacillus species with high concentrations of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Studies have shown that spontaneous abortion, preterm labour (PTL), premature birth, preterm premature rupture of membranes, amniotic fluid infection, and postpartum endometritis are increased because of infection with BV. In India, not many studies have been done to estimate the prevalence and association of BV with preterm labour, hence this study is being taken up to know the prevalence of BV in preterm and term labour patients and its relationship with preterm delivery, low birth weight of baby and puerperal sepsis.The objective of the present study was to observe the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in women presenting with preterm and term labour, its impact on preterm and term delivery and to analyze the maternal and fetal complications associated with BV.Methods: An observational study involving 100 patients with preterm and term labour (50 patients in each group) was conducted at a BNMCCC, Government Medical College, Amritsar. Women fulfilling the Amsel’s criteria and/or a score of 7 or more on gram staining of vaginal smears (Nugent’s score) was considered to have bacterial vaginosis.Results: The proportion of patients, who fulfilled Amsel’s criteria and/or a Nugent’s score of 7 or more for the diagnosis of BV, was more in PTL group versus term labour group, and the difference was statistically significant. Prevalence of BV in preterm labour and term labour patients was 18(36%) versus 4(8%) respectively. In PTL group, 27.8% of low birth weight neonates were born to BV positive mothers versus 3.1% were born to BV negative mothers. Maternal postpartum complications observed were 33.3% with BV versus 6.25% without BV in PTL group.Conclusions: BV is major risk factor for PTL. Therefore, the testing and prompt treatment of BV may reduce the risk of PTL. This will also go a long way in the prevention of maternal morbidity and neonatal complications due to prematurity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Zhou, Xia, Rebecca M. Brotman, Pawel Gajer, Zaid Abdo, Ursel Schüette, Sam Ma, Jacques Ravel, and Larry J. Forney. "Recent Advances in Understanding the Microbiology of the Female Reproductive Tract and the Causes of Premature Birth." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/737425.

Full text

Abstract:

Data derived from molecular microbiological investigations of the human vagina have led to the discovery of resident bacterial communities that exhibit marked differences in terms of species composition. All undergo dynamic changes that are likely due to intrinsic host and behavioral factors. Similar types of bacteria have been found in both amniotic fluid and the vagina, suggesting a potential route of colonization. Given that not all of the species involved in intrauterine infections are readily cultivated, it is important that culture-independent methods of analysis must be used to understand the etiology of these infections. Further research is needed to establish whether an ascending pathway from the vagina to the amniotic cavity enables the development of intrauterine infections.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Bacterial, Premature'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles