Academic literature on the topic 'Bacterie anaerobie gram negatif'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bacterie anaerobie gram negatif"

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Takenaka, Yukinori, Kazuya Takeda, Tadashi Yoshii, Michiko Hashimoto, and Hidenori Inohara. "Gram Staining for the Treatment of Peritonsillar Abscess." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/464973.

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Objective. To examine whether Gram staining can influence the choice of antibiotic for the treatment of peritonsillar abscess.Methods. Between 2005 and 2009, a total of 57 cases of peritonsillar abscess were analyzed with regard to cultured bacteria and Gram staining.Results. Only aerobes were cultured in 16% of cases, and only anaerobes were cultured in 51% of cases. Mixed growth of aerobes and anaerobes was observed in 21% of cases. The cultured bacteria were mainly aerobicStreptococcus, anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, and anaerobic Gram-negative rods. Phagocytosis of bacteria on Gram stainin
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Greiner, Martina, Georg Wolf, and Katrin Hartmann. "Bacteraemia in 66 cats and antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates (1995–2004)." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 9, no. 5 (2007): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2007.04.004.

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Bacterial blood culture results of 292 privately owned cats presented to the Clinic for Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich with signs of sepsis were evaluated retrospectively. Of the blood cultures, 23% were positive. In 88%, a single bacterial species was isolated. Of all bacterial isolates, 45% were Gram-positive, 43% were Gram-negative, and 12% were obligate anaerobes. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, obligate anaerobic species, Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus species. Of the cats with positive blood cultures, 32% were pretreate
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Ghebremedhin, Beniam. "Bacterial Infections in the Elderly Patient: Focus on Sitafloxacin." Clinical Medicine Insights: Therapeutics 4 (January 2012): CMT.S7435. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmt.s7435.

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Sitafloxacin (DU-6859a) is a new-generation oral fluoroquinolone with in vitro activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including anaerobic bacteria, as well as against atypical bacterial pathogens. Particularly in Japan this antibiotic was approved in 2008 for treatment of a number of bacterial infections caused by Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative cocci and rods, including anaerobia atypical bacterial pathogens. As compared to oral levofloxacin sitafloxacin was non-inferior in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and non-inferior in the treatment o
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Jousimies-Somer, H., S. Pyörälä, and A. Kanervo. "Susceptibilities of bovine summer mastitis bacteria to antimicrobial agents." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 1 (1996): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.1.157.

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The susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents of 32 aerobic bacterial isolates and to 10 antimicrobial agents of 37 anaerobic bacterial isolates from 23 cases of bovine summer mastitis (16 Actinomyces pyogenes isolates, 8 Streptococcus dysgalactiae isolates, 3 S. uberis isolates, 3 S. acidominimus isolates, 2 Streptococcus spp., 15 Peptostreptococcus indolicus isolates, 10 Fusobacterium necrophorum isolates, and 12 isolates of anaerobic gram-negative rods) was determined by the agar dilution method. All isolates except one Bacteroides fragilis isolate (beta-lactamase producer) were susceptible
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Myers, Catherine, Yacine Aggoun, Alain Gervaix, Beatrice Ninet, Jacques Schrenzel, and Peter Kuhnert. "Postoperative Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacterial Endocarditis." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 26, no. 4 (2007): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000258694.43509.05.

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Finegold, Sydney M., Mauricio Bolanos, Paula H. Sumannen, and Denise R. Molitoris. "In Vitro Activities of Telavancin and Six Comparator Agents against Anaerobic Bacterial Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 9 (2009): 3996–4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00908-08.

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ABSTRACT The antimicrobial activities of telavancin and six comparators were evaluated against 460 isolates of anaerobic bacteria. Telavancin demonstrated excellent activity against gram-positive anaerobes (MIC90, 2 μg/ml) and was the most potent agent tested against Clostridium difficile (MIC90, 0.25 μg/ml). As expected, gram-negative isolates were not inhibited by telavancin.
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Harvey, C. E., C. Thornsberry, and B. R. Miller. "Subgingival Bacteria - Comparison of Culture Results in Dogs and Cats with Gingivitis." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 12, no. 4 (1995): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649501200405.

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Aerobic and anaerobic subgingival bacteria were cultured and identified from 49 dogs and 40 cats with spontaneous gingivitis. The most common organisms were gram-negative anaerobes (37% of canine isolates and 39% of feline isolates) and gram-positive aerobes (36% of canine isolates and 29% of feline isolates). No major differences were found between the subgingival floras of dogs and cats with gingivitis.
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Cobo, Fernando, Vicente Guillot, and José María Navarro-Marí. "Breast Abscesses Caused by Anaerobic Microorganisms: Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics." Antibiotics 9, no. 6 (2020): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9060341.

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The objectives of this study were to report the antimicrobial susceptibility of 35 clinically significant anaerobic bacteria isolated from breast abscesses between March 2017 and February 2020 in a tertiary hospital in Granada (Spain) and to describe key clinical features of the patients. Species identification was performed mainly by MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out against benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, imipenem, moxifloxacin, clindamycin, metronidazole, and piperacillin–tazobactam using the gradient diffusion technique and European Committee
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Harvey, C. E., C. Thornsberry, B. R. Miller, and F. S. Shofer. "Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Subgingival Bacterial Flora in Dogs with Gingivitis." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 12, no. 4 (1995): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649501200407.

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The aerobic and anaerobic flora from gingival pockets of 49 dogs with severe gingivitis and periodontitis were cultured. The susceptibility of each isolate to four antimicrobial agents currently approved for veterinary use in the USA (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; clindamycin; cefadroxil; and enrofloxacin) was determined. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (Clavamox® Pfizer Animal Health) had the highest in-vitro susceptibility against all isolates (96%), all aerobes (94%) and all anaerobes (100%) tested. For gram-negative aerobes, enrofloxacin (Baytril®, Bayer Corp.) had the highest in-vitro suscepti
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Kleinkauf, Niels, Grit Ackermann, Reiner Schaumann, and Arne C. Rodloff. "Comparative In Vitro Activities of Gemifloxacin, Other Quinolones, and Nonquinolone Antimicrobials against Obligately Anaerobic Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 6 (2001): 1896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.6.1896-1899.2001.

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ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of gemifloxacin was compared to that of other quinolone and nonquinolone antimicrobials against 204 anaerobes by the agar dilution technique. The data indicate that gemifloxacin has a rather selective anaerobic activity. Most Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium species are susceptible, while gemifloxacin's activity against other gram-negative anaerobes appears to be variable.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bacterie anaerobie gram negatif"

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DELIE, PRIEUR ANNE. "Profils en page-sds des proteines de membrane externe et des proteines solubles du contenu cellulaire de 14 souches de bilophila wadsworthia." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2P029.

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LIOTIER, VIRGINIE. "Meningo-ventriculites a bacilles a gram negatif chez l'adulte : 17 observations en 5 ans au chr de nantes." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT027M.

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RIAUX, GOUAULT CATHERINE. "Facteurs pronostiques des septicemies a bacilles gram negatif : a propos de 384 episodes." Angers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ANGE1032.

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Vedel, Gérard. "Comparaison structurale des beta-lactamases de bacilles a gram negatif par electrophorese en gradient de ph (courbe de titrage) : interet pour leur classification." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA11P613.

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Ouabdesselam, Saliha. "Aspects genetiques de la resistance aux quinolones chez les bacteries a gram-negatif." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA114826.

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Guinot, Philippe. "Contribution au developpement d'un antagoniste du paf dans le sepsis severe a bacilles a gram negatif." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF1MM02.

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Antic, Marie-Laure. "Mécanisme d'action des polymyxines." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P103.

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Herblot, Sabine. "Bioglées thermales et bacilles gram négatif hétérotrophes." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2PE98.

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LE, CALVEZ PHILIPPE. "Approche clinique et therapeutique du patient granulopenique febrile." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT033M.

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Lair, Marie-Isabelle. "Distribution du gène de la carbapénèmase NmcA de "Enterobacter cloacae" NOR-1 parmi 490 souches hospitalières de bacilles à gram négatif." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P178.

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Books on the topic "Bacterie anaerobie gram negatif"

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Bukharin, O. V. Biologii͡a︡ patogennykh kokkov. Medit͡s︡ina, 2002.

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S, Weyant Robin, ed. Identification of unusual pathogenic gram-negative aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins, 1996.

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Virk, Abinash. Specific Microorganisms. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0410.

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This chapter approaches the field of infectious diseases from 3 perspectives. This first section reviews the characteristics of specific pathogenic organisms (gram-positive cocci, staphylococci, gram-negative bacilli, gram-positive bacilli, gram-negative cocci, anaerobic bacteria, actinomycetes, mycobacteria, spirochetes, fungi, viruses, etc). Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions caused by these organisms are discussed.
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A, Clark William, and Centers for Disease Control (U.S.), eds. Identification of unusual pathogenic gram-negative aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. U.S. DHHS, PHS, Centers for Disease Control ; Washington, D.C. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Oostdijk, Evelien, and Marc Bonten. Oral, nasopharyngeal, and gut decontamination in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0287.

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Many infections are caused by enteric bacilli, presumably from endogenous origin. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) was developed to selectively eliminate the aerobic Gram-negative bacilli from the digestive tract, leaving the anaerobic flora unaffected. As an alternative to SDD, investigators have evaluated the effects of selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOpD) alone. Most detailed data on the effects of SDD and SOpD in ICU-patients come from two studies performed in Dutch ICUs. The Dutch studies provide strong evidence that SDD and SOpD reduce ICUmortality, ICU-ac
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Book chapters on the topic "Bacterie anaerobie gram negatif"

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Hampson, D. J., T. G. Nagaraja, R. M. Kennan, and J. I. Rood. "Gram-Negative Anaerobes." In Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470958209.ch27.

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Degli Esposti, Mauro. "Bioenergetic Function of Gram Negative Bacteria—rom Anaerobes to Aerobes." In Phylogeny and Evolution of Bacteria and Mitochondria. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22399-2.

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Rolston, Kenneth V. I., and Amar Safdar. "Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, and Other Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacteria and Medically Important Anaerobic Bacteria in Transplant Recipients." In Principles and Practice of Transplant Infectious Diseases. Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9034-4_26.

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Venugopal, Anilrudh A., and David W. Hecht. "Anaerobic bacteria." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0115.

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Anaerobic bacteria will not grow when incubated with 10% CO<sub>2</sub> in room air, but they vary in their tolerance of different levels of oxygen. Anaerobic bacteria are important commensal flora of the skin and oral, intestinal, and pelvic mucosae, and are classified according to their Gram-staining characteristics and ability to produce spores: (1) Gram-positive—cocci, non-spore-forming bacilli, and spore-forming bacilli (notably the Clostridium spp.); (2) Gram-negative—cocci and bacilli. Many anaerobic bacteria possess virulence factors that facilitate their pathogenicity (e.g. histolytic enzymes and various toxins). A putrid odour of the affected tissue or drainage is highly suggestive of an anaerobic infection, as is the presence of gas in tissues. Aside from supportive care, treatment requires drainage of abscesses and resection of devitalized tissue; and antibiotics—agents that are active against anaerobes include clindamycin, metronidazole, vancomycin, β‎-lactam/β‎-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, chloramphenicol, and even macrolides.
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Venugopal, Anilrudh A., and David W. Hecht. "Anaerobic bacteria." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070610_update_001.

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Anaerobic bacteria will not grow when incubated with 10% CO<sub>2</sub> in room air, but vary in their tolerance of different levels of oxygen. They are important commensal flora of the skin and oral, intestinal, and pelvic mucosae, and are classified according to their Gram staining characteristics and ability to produce spores: (1) Gram positive—cocci, non-spore-forming bacilli, and spore-forming bacilli (notably clostridium); (2) Gram negative—cocci and bacilli. Many anaerobic bacteria possess virulence factors that facilitate their pathogenicity, e.g. histiolytic enzymes and various toxins....
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Middleton, Stephen J., and Raymond J. Playford. "Bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Jack Satsangi. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0299.

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Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth can be defined as the presence of excessive bacteria in the small intestine which can interfere with digestion and absorption. Predisposing causes include sustained hypochlorhydria induced by proton pump inhibitors, small intestinal dysmotility and stasis due to anatomical or motor abnormalities, and reduced antibacterial activity as seen in immunological deficiency and chronic pancreatitis. Presentation is predominantly from consequences of malabsorption, including gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. diarrhoea or steatorrhoea) and features of specific nutrient malabsorption (e.g. osteoporosis, anaemia, neuropathy, and night blindness). Definitive diagnosis is difficult, requiring a properly collected and appropriately cultured aspirate from the proximal small intestine revealing a total concentration of a mixed growth of bacteria generally greater than 10<sup>5</sup> organisms/ml. Alternative investigations frequently used include glucose/lactulose breath tests or either the <sup>13</sup>C- or <sup>14</sup>C-xylose breath test, with elevated levels of <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> or <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> found in the breath. There may be low levels of cobalamin (metabolized by Gram-negative anaerobes), increased serum folate (synthesized by overgrowth flora), and increased urinary indicans (intraluminal product of bacterial tryptophan metabolism). Aside from treatment of any nutritional deficiencies, specific treatment is with an antimicrobial that is effective against both aerobic and anaerobic enteric bacteria (e.g. doxycycline, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, rifaximin, or ciprofloxacin), which can be administered in rotation to reduce antibiotic resistance. Where possible and appropriate, correction of any underlying cause should also be performed.
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Buchanan, Ruaridh, and David Wareham. "Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0055.

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Although antibiotic resistance has come to the fore in the media and clinical practice relatively recently, it is by no means a new issue; Alexander Fleming discussed the risks of penicillin resistance more than sixty years ago, but even he was behind the times. Bacteria have been competing with each other for millions of years, producing compounds which kill or inhibit other species—it is not surprising that bacteria have evolved defence mechanisms. Current major concerns are the rise of pan-drug resistant gram-negative organisms and the spread of multi-drug resistant TB. Bacterial cells turn over rapidly—this rate of reproduction leads to many errors in DNA replication. Many of these mutations are deleterious to the organism, but others confer new properties, such as changing the structure of an enzyme. The application of selection pressure in the form of antimicrobial therapy leads to the survival of mutants that have randomly acquired resistance mechanisms. There are two useful ways to categorize resistance mechanisms: by how bacterial cells acquire them and by the physical mechanism of action. The types of acquisition have important infection control ramifications. Resistance can be subdivided into three separate categories: ● Intrinsic resistance— mechanisms hard coded into all members of a bacterial species at the chromosomal level. If an organism’s antibiogram suggests susceptibility to an agent to which it should be intrinsically resistant, further work should be done to check that the identification is correct. Examples include gram-negative bacteria being resistant to glycopeptides due to the outer cell membrane, anaerobes being resistant to aminoglycosides due to lack of an uptake mechanism, and amoxicillin resistance in Klebsiella due to beta-lactamase production. ● Mutational resistance—resistance that arises randomly due to DNA replication errors in conjunction with selection pressure applied by antimicrobial agents. This is the basis of the majority of the mechanisms detailed in this chapter. ● Transferrable resistance— mutational resistance that is passed horizontally from the bacterium in which it arose to another cell, possibly of a different species entirely. This happens through either transposons (DNA that incorporates into the bacterial chromosome) or plasmids (rings of DNA that replicate independent of the main chromosome).
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Sefton, Armine. "Use of Antimicrobials and Toxicity." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0054.

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Broad-spectrum antibacterial agents kill most bacteria including gram-positive rods and cocci, gram-negative rods and cocci, and often anaerobes too. Narrow-spectrum agents kill a narrow range of microbes, e.g. benzylpenicillin is mainly active against gram-positive cocci. By and large a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial is less likely to disrupt a patient’s normal flora than a broad-spectrum agent. Hence, if the likely organism is causing an infection it is best to give a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial to treat that specific organism. If a patient presents ‘septic’ and the source of infection is unknown, relevant cultures should be taken followed by broad-spectrum antimicrobial cover. This can later be modified either when the source of infection is found or as a result of microbiology culture results. ● Agents mostly active against gram-positive bacteria include: ■ Penicillin (Also active against Neisseria spp.). ■ Fusidic acid. ■ Macrolides (Also active against Legionella, Campylobacter, Bordetella spp.). ■ Clindamycin. ■ Glycopeptides. ■ Oxazolidinones. ■ Streptogramins. ● Agents mainly active against gram-negative bacteria include: ■ Polymyxin. ■ Trimethoprim. ■ Aminoglycosides (also active against staphylococci and show synergy when combined with beta-lactams against/glycopeptides against streptococci). ■ Monobactams. ■ Temocillin. ● Broad-spectrum antimicrobials include: ■ Beta-lactam plus beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. ■ Cephalosporins. ■ Carbapenems. ■ Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines/Glycyclines. A bactericidal agent is a compound that actively kills multiplying bacteria. A bacteriostatic compound inhibits the growth of bacteria. Whether or not an antimicrobial is bactericidal or bacteriostatic depends on a variety of things, including the type of agent, its concentration, and the organism it is being used to treat. It is especially important to try and use a bactericidal agent if the patient’s immune system is impaired or the infection is at a site where it is difficult for the immune system to access, e.g. the heart valves in bacterial endocarditis, the meninges in meningitis. Examples of each are given here: ● Bactericidal agents include beta-lactams, glycopeptides, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides. ● Bacteriostatic agents include macrolides, clindamycin, tetracyclines, trimethoprim, and sulphonamides. The therapeutic index of a drug is the ration of the concentration of drug likely to be toxic to the patient divided by the concentration of drug likely to be clinically effective.
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"Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, and Other Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria." In Color Atlas of Medical Bacteriology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781683671077.ch30.

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Sohail, M. Rizwan. "Select Anaerobic Bacteria: Clostridium tetani and Clostridium botulinum." In Mayo Clinic Infectious Diseases Board Review. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199827626.003.0008.

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The focus of this chapter is 2 types of gram-negative aerobic bacteria, Clostridium tetani and Clostridium botulinum, and the diseases they cause. Tetanus is a nervous system disorder characterized by intense, painful muscle spasm caused by Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is prevalent in developing countries, but it is rare in developed nations owing to universal childhood vaccination. Common modes of acquisition are puncture wounds, gunshot wounds, burns, compound fractures, and contaminated or unsterile injections. Botulism is a neuroparalytic syndrome caused by neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. The US Food and Drug Administration approved botulinum toxin for treatment of neuromuscular disorders, including blepharospasm, strabismus, and torticollis, and for many cosmetic procedures.
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Conference papers on the topic "Bacterie anaerobie gram negatif"

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Samad, Rasmidar, Fuad Husain Akbar, Nursyamsi Nursyamsi, and Melinda Awing. "Propolis Trigona sp. Mouthwash Efectiveness in Lowering Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria Colonies." In Health Science International Conference (HSIC 2017). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/hsic-17.2017.29.

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