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Journal articles on the topic 'Bacteriophage T4-like'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Lo, Chen-Yu, and Yang Gao. "DNA Helicase–Polymerase Coupling in Bacteriophage DNA Replication." Viruses 13, no. 9 (2021): 1739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091739.

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Bacteriophages have long been model systems to study the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication. During DNA replication, a DNA helicase and a DNA polymerase cooperatively unwind the parental DNA. By surveying recent data from three bacteriophage replication systems, we summarized the mechanistic basis of DNA replication by helicases and polymerases. Kinetic data have suggested that a polymerase or a helicase alone is a passive motor that is sensitive to the base-pairing energy of the DNA. When coupled together, the helicase–polymerase complex is able to unwind DNA actively. In bacteriophage T

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2

Tang, F., Y. Li, W. Zhang, and C. Lu. "Complete Genome Sequence of T4-Like Escherichia coli Bacteriophage HX01." Journal of Virology 86, no. 24 (2012): 13871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02698-12.

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3

Shi, Ke, Fredy Kurniawan, Surajit Banerjee, Nicholas H. Moeller, and Hideki Aihara. "Crystal structure of bacteriophage T4 Spackle as determined by native SAD phasing." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 76, no. 9 (2020): 899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798320010979.

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The crystal structure of a bacteriophage T4 early gene product, Spackle, was determined by native sulfur single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) phasing using synchrotron radiation and was refined to 1.52 Å resolution. The structure shows that Spackle consists of a bundle of five α-helices, forming a relatively flat disc-like overall shape. Although Spackle forms a dimer in the crystal, size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering shows that it is monomeric in solution. Mass spectrometry confirms that purified mature Spackle lacks the amino-terminal signal peptide and

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4

Peters, Danielle L., Paul Stothard, and Jonathan J. Dennis. "The isolation and characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia T4-like bacteriophage DLP6." PLOS ONE 12, no. 3 (2017): e0173341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173341.

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5

Sheng, Wang, Jiang Huanhuan, Chen Jiankui, et al. "Isolation and rapid genetic characterization of a novel T4-like bacteriophage." Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA 25, no. 6 (2010): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1000-1948(11)60002-6.

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6

Jiang, Huanhuan, Xiaofang Jiang, Sheng Wang, et al. "The complete genome sequence of a novel T4-like bacteriophage, IME08." Archives of Virology 156, no. 8 (2011): 1489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-011-1033-9.

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7

Golomidova, A. K., E. E. Kulikov, A. D. Efimov, et al. "Isolation and complete genome sequence of Citrobacter bacteriophage Ursula." F1000Research 14 (January 15, 2025): 86. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.159170.1.

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The emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens poses a significant threat to aquaculture and public health. This study presents the characterization of a novel bacteriophage, designated as Ursula, specifically targeting Citrobacter, a prominent pathogen affecting fish populations. We isolated Ursula from aquatic environments during a search for novel phages active against fish pathogens, and conducted a comprehensive analysis of its morphological, genomic, and lytic properties. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that Ursula has a myovirus morphology, being a rather lar

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8

Appasani, Krishnarao, David S. Thaler, and Edward B. Goldberg. "Bacteriophage T4 gp2 Interferes with Cell Viability and with Bacteriophage Lambda Red Recombination." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 4 (1999): 1352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.4.1352-1355.1999.

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ABSTRACT The T4 head protein, gp2, promotes head-tail joining during phage morphogenesis and is also incorporated into the phage head. It protects the injected DNA from degradation by exonuclease V during the subsequent infection. In this study, we show that recombinant gp2, a very basic protein, rapidly kills the cells in which it is expressed. To further illustrate the protectiveness of gp2 for DNA termini, we compare the effect of gp2 expression on Red-mediated and Int-mediated recombination. Red-mediated recombination is nonspecific and requires the transient formation of double-stranded D

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9

Zhang, Can, Wenli Li, Wenhua Liu, et al. "T4-Like Phage Bp7, a Potential Antimicrobial Agent for Controlling Drug-Resistant Escherichia coli in Chickens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 18 (2013): 5559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01505-13.

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ABSTRACTChicken-pathogenicEscherichia coliis severely endangering the poultry industry in China and worldwide, and antibiotic therapy is facing an increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophages can kill bacteria with no known activity in human or animal cells, making them an attractive alternative to antibiotics. In this study, we present the characteristics of a novel virulent bacteriophage, Bp7, specifically infecting pathogenic multidrug-resistantE. coli. Phage Bp7 was isolated from chicken feces. Bp7 belongs to the familyMyoviridae, possessing an elongated icosahedral head and

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10

Kim, Jaegon, Jong Pyo Chae, Gyeong-Hwuii Kim та ін. "Isolation, characterization, and genomic analysis of the novel T4-like bacteriophage ΦCJ20". Food Science and Biotechnology 30, № 5 (2021): 735–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10068-021-00906-y.

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11

Reha-Krantz, L. J. "Genetic evidence for two protein domains and a potential new activity in bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase." Genetics 124, no. 2 (1990): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/124.2.213.

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Abstract Intragenic complementation was detected within the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase gene. Complementation was observed between specific amino (N)-terminal, temperature-sensitive (ts) mutator mutants and more carboxy (C)-terminal mutants lacking DNA polymerase polymerizing functions. Protein sequences surrounding N-terminal mutation sites are similar to sequences found in Escherichia coli ribonuclease H (RNase H) and in the 5'----3' exonuclease domain of E. coli DNA polymerase I. These observations suggest that T4 DNA polymerase, like E. coli DNA polymerase I, contains a discrete N-term

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12

Santos, Patrícia, Ana T. P. C. Gomes, Leandro M. O. Lourenço, Maria A. F. Faustino, Maria G. P. M. S. Neves, and Adelaide Almeida. "Anti-Viral Photodynamic Inactivation of T4-like Bacteriophage as a Mammalian Virus Model in Blood." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (2022): 11548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911548.

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The laboratorial available methods applied in plasma disinfection can induce damage in other blood components. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) represents a promising approach and is approved for plasma and platelet disinfection using non-porphyrinic photosensitizers (PSs), such as methylene blue (MB). In this study, the photodynamic action of three cationic porphyrins (Tri-Py(+)-Me, Tetra-Py(+)-Me and Tetra-S-Py(+)-Me) towards viruses was evaluated under white light irradiation at an irradiance of 25 and 150 mW·cm−2, and the results were compared with the efficacy of the approved MB.

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Kanamaru, Shuji, Kazuya Uchida, Mai Nemoto, Alec Fraser, Fumio Arisaka, and Petr G. Leiman. "Structure and Function of the T4 Spackle Protein Gp61.3." Viruses 12, no. 10 (2020): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101070.

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The bacteriophage T4 genome contains two genes that code for proteins with lysozyme activity—e and 5. Gene e encodes the well-known T4 lysozyme (commonly called T4L) that functions to break the peptidoglycan layer late in the infection cycle, which is required for liberating newly assembled phage progeny. Gene product 5 (gp5) is the tail-associated lysozyme, a component of the phage particle. It forms a spike at the tip of the tail tube and functions to pierce the outer membrane of the Escherichia coli host cell after the phage has attached to the cell surface. Gp5 contains a T4L-like lysozyme

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Miller, Eric S., John F. Heidelberg, Jonathan A. Eisen, et al. "Complete Genome Sequence of the Broad-Host-Range Vibriophage KVP40: Comparative Genomics of a T4-Related Bacteriophage." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 17 (2003): 5220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.17.5220-5233.2003.

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ABSTRACT The complete genome sequence of the T4-like, broad-host-range vibriophage KVP40 has been determined. The genome sequence is 244,835 bp, with an overall G+C content of 42.6%. It encodes 386 putative protein-encoding open reading frames (CDSs), 30 tRNAs, 33 T4-like late promoters, and 57 potential rho-independent terminators. Overall, 92.1% of the KVP40 genome is coding, with an average CDS size of 587 bp. While 65% of the CDSs were unique to KVP40 and had no known function, the genome sequence and organization show specific regions of extensive conservation with phage T4. At least 99 K

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Bartolomeu, Maria, Cristiana Oliveira, Carla Pereira, M. Graça P. M. S. Neves, M. Amparo F. Faustino, and Adelaide Almeida. "Antimicrobial Photodynamic Approach in the Inactivation of Viruses in Wastewater: Influence of Alternative Adjuvants." Antibiotics 10, no. 7 (2021): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070767.

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Pathogenic viruses are frequently present in marine and estuarine waters, due to poor wastewater (WW) treatments, which consequently affect water quality and human health. Chlorination, one of the most common methods used to ensure microbiological safety in tertiarily treated effluents, may lead to the formation of toxic chemical disinfection by-products on reaction with organic matter present in the effluents. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can be a promising disinfecting approach for the inactivation of pathogens, without the formation of known toxic by-products. Additionally, som

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16

Silva, Jessica, Roberto Dias, José Ivo Junior, et al. "A Rapid Method for Performing a Multivariate Optimization of Phage Production Using the RCCD Approach." Pathogens 10, no. 9 (2021): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091100.

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Bacteriophages can be used in various applications, from the classical approach as substitutes for antibiotics (phage therapy) to new biotechnological uses, i.e., as a protein delivery vehicle, a diagnostic tool for specific strains of bacteria (phage typing), or environmental bioremediation. The demand for bacteriophage production increases daily, and studies that improve these production processes are necessary. This study evaluated the production of a T4-like bacteriophage vB_EcoM-UFV09 (an E. coli-infecting phage with high potential for reducing environmental biofilms) in seven types of cu

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Ciacci, Nagaia, Marco D’Andrea, Pasquale Marmo, et al. "Characterization of vB_Kpn_F48, a Newly Discovered Lytic Bacteriophage for Klebsiella pneumoniae of Sequence Type 101." Viruses 10, no. 9 (2018): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10090482.

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Resistance to carbapenems in Enterobacteriaceae, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, represents a major clinical problem given the lack of effective alternative antibiotics. Bacteriophages could provide a valuable tool to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistant isolates, for the decolonization of colonized individuals and for treatment purposes. In this work, we have characterized a lytic bacteriophage, named vB_Kpn_F48, specific for K. pneumoniae isolates belonging to clonal group 101. Phage vB_Kpn_F48 was classified as a member of Myoviridae, order Caudovirales, on the basis of transm

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18

Jiang, Xiaofang, Huanhuan Jiang, Cun Li, et al. "Sequence characteristics of T4-like bacteriophage IME08 benome termini revealed by high throughput sequencing." Virology Journal 8, no. 1 (2011): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422x-8-194.

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19

Kim, J. H., J. S. Son, Y. J. Choi, et al. "Complete genomic sequence of a T4-like bacteriophage, phiAS4, infecting Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida." Archives of Virology 157, no. 2 (2011): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-011-1175-9.

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20

Li, Meng, Mengzhe Li, Hong Lin, Jingxue Wang, Yanqiu Jin, and Feng Han. "Characterization of the novel T4-like Salmonella enterica bacteriophage STP4-a and its endolysin." Archives of Virology 161, no. 2 (2015): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2647-0.

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21

Lim, Jeong-A., Dong Hwan Lee, and Sunggi Heu. "Isolation and Genomic Characterization of the T4-Like Bacteriophage PM2 Infecting Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum." Plant Pathology Journal 31, no. 1 (2015): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/ppj.nt.09.2014.0099.

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22

Shamoo, Y., K. R. Webster, K. R. Williams, and W. H. Konigsberg. "A retrovirus-like zinc domain is essential for translational repression of bacteriophage T4 gene 32." Journal of Biological Chemistry 266, no. 13 (1991): 7967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)92923-6.

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23

Yap, Moh Lan, Kazuhiro Mio, Petr G. Leiman, Shuji Kanamaru, and Fumio Arisaka. "The Baseplate Wedges of Bacteriophage T4 Spontaneously Assemble into Hubless Baseplate-Like Structure In Vitro." Journal of Molecular Biology 395, no. 2 (2010): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2009.10.071.

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Liu, Hui, Yan D. Niu, Jinquan Li, Kim Stanford, and Tim A. McAllister. "Rapid and Accurate Detection of Bacteriophage Activity againstEscherichia coliO157:H7 by Propidium Monoazide Real-Time PCR." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/319351.

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Conventional methods to determine the efficacy of bacteriophage (phage) for biocontrol ofE. colirequire several days, due to the need to culture bacteria. Furthermore, cell surface-attached phage particles may lyse bacterial cells during experiments, leading to an overestimation of phage activity. DNA-based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a fast, sensitive, and highly specific means of enumerating pathogens. However, qPCR may underestimate phage activity due to its inability to distinguish viable from nonviable cells. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of pr

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Richardson, Alexandra, and Costa Georgopoulos. "Genetic Analysis of the Bacteriophage T4-Encoded Cochaperonin Gp31." Genetics 152, no. 4 (1999): 1449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.4.1449.

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Abstract Previous genetic and biochemical analyses have established that the bacteriophage T4-encoded Gp31 is a cochaperonin that interacts with Escherichia coli’s GroEL to ensure the timely and accurate folding of Gp23, the bacteriophage-encoded major capsid protein. The heptameric Gp31 cochaperonin, like the E. coli GroES cochaperonin, interacts with GroEL primarily through its unstructured mobile loop segment. Upon binding to GroEL, the mobile loop adopts a structured, β-hairpin turn. In this article, we present extensive genetic data that strongly substantiate and extend these biochemical

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Teng, Tieshan, Gai Zhang, Xiangyu Fan, et al. "Complete genome sequence analysis of PS2, a novel T4-like bacteriophage that infects Serratia marcescens clinical isolates." Archives of Virology 163, no. 7 (2018): 1997–2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-3803-0.

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Müller, M., V. V. Mesyanzhinov, and U. Aebi. "In Vitro Maturation of Prehead-like Bacteriophage T4 Polyheads: Structural Changes Accompanying Proteolytic Cleavage and Lattice Expansion." Journal of Structural Biology 112, no. 3 (1994): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.1994.1021.

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Potapov, Sergey Anatoljevich, Irina Vasilievna Tikhonova, Andrey Yurjevich Krasnopeev, et al. "Communities of T4-like bacteriophages associated with bacteria in Lake Baikal: diversity and biogeography." PeerJ 10 (January 12, 2022): e12748. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12748.

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Lake Baikal phage communities are important for lake ecosystem functioning. Here we describe the diversity of T4-bacteriophage associated with the bacterial fraction of filtered water samples collected from the pelagic zone, coastal zone and shallow bays. Although the study of the diversity of phages for the g23 gene has been carried out at Lake Baikal for more than ten years, shallow bays that comprise a significant part of the lake’s area have been neglected, and this gene has not previously been studied in the bacterial fraction. Phage communities were probed using amplicon sequencing metho

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Lossi, Nadine S., Rana Dajani, Paul Freemont, and Alain Filloux. "Structure–function analysis of HsiF, a gp25-like component of the type VI secretion system, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Microbiology 157, no. 12 (2011): 3292–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.051987-0.

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Bacterial pathogens use a range of protein secretion systems to colonize their host. One recent addition to this arsenal is the type VI secretion system (T6SS), which is found in many Gram-negative bacteria. The T6SS involves 12–15 components, including a ClpV-like AAA+ ATPase. Moreover, the VgrG and Hcp components have been proposed to form a puncturing device, based on structural similarity to the tail spike components gp5/gp27 and the tail tube component gp19 of the T4 bacteriophage, respectively. Another T6SS component shows similarity to a T4 phage protein, namely gp25. The gp25 protein h

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Barth, K. A., D. Powell, M. Trupin, and G. Mosig. "Regulation of two nested proteins from gene 49 (recombination endonuclease VII) and of a lambda RexA-like protein of bacteriophage T4." Genetics 120, no. 2 (1988): 329–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/120.2.329.

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Abstract Phage T4 gene 49, encoding recombination endonuclease VII, specifies, by initiation from an AUG and an internal GUG codon, two in-frame overlapping peptides (of 18 and 12 kD). The gene is transcribed early and late, albeit from different promoters. The sequence predicts that in long early transcripts, initiated far upstream of the coding sequence, the Shine-Dalgarno sequence of the first ribosome binding site can be sequestered in a hairpin and/or cleaved. These processes might reduce initiation from the first AUG and facilitate initiation of the 12-kD peptide from the internal GUG. T

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Jin, Haixiao, Youhong Zhong, Yiting Wang, et al. "Two Novel Yersinia pestis Bacteriophages with a Broad Host Range: Potential as Biocontrol Agents in Plague Natural Foci." Viruses 14, no. 12 (2022): 2740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122740.

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Bacteriophages (phages) have been successfully used as disinfectors to kill bacteria in food and the environment and have been used medically for curing human diseases. The objective of this research was to elucidate the morphological and genomic characteristics of two novel Yersinia pestis phages, vB_YpeM_ MHS112 (MHS112) and vB_YpeM_GMS130 (GMS130), belonging to the genus Gaprivervirus, subfamily Tevenvirinae, family Myoviridae. Genome sequencing showed that the sizes of MHS112 and GMS130 were 170507 and 168552 bp, respectively. A total of 303 and 292 open reading frames with 2 tRNA and 3 tR

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Kim, Ji Hyung, Jee Soo Son, Yun Jaie Choi, et al. "Complete genome sequence and characterization of a broad-host range T4-like bacteriophage phiAS5 infecting Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida." Veterinary Microbiology 157, no. 1-2 (2012): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.016.

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Akhter, Tahmina, Li Zhao, Atsushi Kohda, Kazuhiro Mio, Shuji Kanamaru, and Fumio Arisaka. "The neck of bacteriophage T4 is a ring-like structure formed by a hetero-oligomer of gp13 and gp14." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics 1774, no. 8 (2007): 1036–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2007.05.011.

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Daegelen, P., and E. Brody. "The rIIA gene of bacteriophage T4. I. Its DNA sequence and discovery of a new open reading frame between genes 60 and rIIA." Genetics 125, no. 2 (1990): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/125.2.237.

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Abstract We have determined the DNA sequence of the rIIA gene and have discovered a small open reading frame, rIIA.1, between genes 60 and rIIA. The predicted molecular weights of these proteins are 82,840 for rIIA and 8,124 for rIIA.1. The rIIA protein has a repeated motif which suggests that the gene has evolved by duplication. It also has a motif which suggests that it belongs to a group of ompR-like proteins that control regulation of gene expression in response to changes in the external environment. We have sequenced three different missense mutants whose mutations lie in the Ala segment

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Fokine, A., M. Z. Islam, Z. Zhang, V. D. Bowman, V. B. Rao, and M. G. Rossmann. "Structure of the Three N-Terminal Immunoglobulin Domains of the Highly Immunogenic Outer Capsid Protein from a T4-Like Bacteriophage." Journal of Virology 85, no. 16 (2011): 8141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00847-11.

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Pozhydaieva, Nadiia, Franziska Anna Billau, Maik Wolfram-Schauerte, et al. "Temporal epigenome modulation enables efficient bacteriophage engineering and functional analysis of phage DNA modifications." PLOS Genetics 20, no. 9 (2024): e1011384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011384.

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Lytic bacteriophages hold substantial promise in medical and biotechnological applications. Therefore a comprehensive understanding of phage infection mechanisms is crucial. CRISPR-Cas systems offer a way to explore these mechanisms via site-specific phage mutagenesis. However, phages can resist Cas-mediated cleavage through extensive DNA modifications like cytosine glycosylation, hindering mutagenesis efficiency. Our study utilizes the eukaryotic enzyme NgTET to temporarily reduce phage DNA modifications, facilitating Cas nuclease cleavage and enhancing mutagenesis efficiency. This approach e

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Hinton, Deborah M., Suchira Pande, Neelowfar Wais та ін. "Transcriptional takeover by σ appropriation: remodelling of the σ 70 subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by the bacteriophage T4 activator MotA and co-activator AsiA". Microbiology 151, № 6 (2005): 1729–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27972-0.

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Activation of bacteriophage T4 middle promoters, which occurs about 1 min after infection, uses two phage-encoded factors that change the promoter specificity of the host RNA polymerase. These phage factors, the MotA activator and the AsiA co-activator, interact with the σ 70 specificity subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, which normally contacts the −10 and −35 regions of host promoter DNA. Like host promoters, T4 middle promoters have a good match to the canonical σ 70 DNA element located in the −10 region. However, instead of the σ 70 DNA recognition element in the promoter's −35 re

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Yang, Shixin, Margaret S. VanLoock, Xiong Yu, and Edward H. Egelman. "Comparison of bacteriophage T4 UvsX and human Rad51 filaments suggests that RecA-like polymers may have evolved independently11Edited by M. Belfort." Journal of Molecular Biology 312, no. 5 (2001): 999–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2001.5025.

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Chibani-Chennoufi, Sandra, Marie-Lise Dillmann, Laure Marvin-Guy, Sabrina Rami-Shojaei, and Harald Brüssow. "Lactobacillus plantarum Bacteriophage LP65: a New Member of the SPO1-Like Genus of the Family Myoviridae." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 21 (2004): 7069–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.21.7069-7083.2004.

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ABSTRACT The virulent Lactobacillus plantarum myophage LP65 was isolated from industrial meat fermentation. Tail contraction led to reorganization of the tail sheath and the baseplate; a tail tube was extruded. In ultrathin section the phage adsorbed via its baseplate to the exterior of the cell, while the tail tube tunneled through the thick bacterial cell wall. Convoluted membrane structures were induced in the infected cell. Progeny phage was detected 100 min postinfection, and lysis occurred after extensive digestion of the cell wall. Sequence analysis revealed a genome of 131,573 bp of no

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Fokine, Andrei, Mohammad Zahidul Islam, Qianglin Fang, Zhenguo Chen, Lei Sun, and Venigalla B. Rao. "Structure and Function of Hoc—A Novel Environment Sensing Device Encoded by T4 and Other Bacteriophages." Viruses 15, no. 7 (2023): 1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15071517.

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Bacteriophage T4 is decorated with 155 180 Å-long fibers of the highly antigenic outer capsid protein (Hoc). In this study, we describe a near-atomic structural model of Hoc by combining cryo-electron microscopy and AlphaFold structure predictions. It consists of a conserved C-terminal capsid-binding domain attached to a string of three variable immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an architecture well-preserved in hundreds of Hoc molecules found in phage genomes. Each T4-Hoc fiber attaches randomly to the center of gp23* hexameric capsomers in one of the six possible orientations, though at the

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Vieira, Cátia, Adriele Santos, Mariana Q. Mesquita, et al. "Advances in aPDT based on the combination of a porphyrinic formulation with potassium iodide: Effectiveness on bacteria and fungi planktonic/biofilm forms and viruses." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 23, no. 04n05 (2019): 534–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619500408.

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The increasing world-wide rate of antibiotic resistance as well as the capacity of microorganisms to form biofilms, have led to a higher incidence of mortal infections that require alternative methods for their control. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) emerged as an effective solution against resistant strains. The present work aims to evaluate the aPDT efficiency of a photosensitizer (PS) based on a low-cost formulation constituted by five cationic porphyrins (FORM) and its potentiation effect by KI on a broad spectrum of microorganisms under white light (380–700 nm, 25 W/m[Formula:

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Hinton, Deborah M., Srilatha Vuthoori та Rebecca Mulamba. "The Bacteriophage T4 Inhibitor and Coactivator AsiA Inhibits Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase More Rapidly in the Absence of σ70 Region 1.1: Evidence that Region 1.1 Stabilizes the Interaction between σ70 and Core". Journal of Bacteriology 188, № 4 (2006): 1279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.4.1279-1285.2006.

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ABSTRACT The N-terminal region (region 1.1) of σ70, the primary σ subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, is a negatively charged domain that affects the DNA binding properties of σ70 regions 2 and 4. Region 1.1 prevents the interaction of free σ70 with DNA and modulates the formation of stable (open) polymerase/promoter complexes at certain promoters. The bacteriophage T4 AsiA protein is an inhibitor of σ70-dependent transcription from promoters that require an interaction between σ70 region 4 and the −35 DNA element and is the coactivator of transcription at T4 MotA-dependent promoters.

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Taslem Mourosi, Jarin, Ayobami Awe, Wenzheng Guo, et al. "Understanding Bacteriophage Tail Fiber Interaction with Host Surface Receptor: The Key “Blueprint” for Reprogramming Phage Host Range." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 20 (2022): 12146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012146.

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Bacteriophages (phages), as natural antibacterial agents, are being rediscovered because of the growing threat of multi- and pan-drug-resistant bacterial pathogens globally. However, with an estimated 1031 phages on the planet, finding the right phage to recognize a specific bacterial host is like looking for a needle in a trillion haystacks. The host range of a phage is primarily determined by phage tail fibers (or spikes), which initially mediate reversible and specific recognition and adsorption by susceptible bacteria. Recent significant advances at single-molecule and atomic levels have b

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Qu, Yun, Paul Hyman, Timothy Harrah, and Edward Goldberg. "In Vivo Bypass of Chaperone by Extended Coiled-Coil Motif in T4 Tail Fiber." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 24 (2004): 8363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.24.8363-8369.2004.

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ABSTRACT The distal-half tail fiber of bacteriophage T4 is made of three gene products: trimeric gp36 and gp37 and monomeric gp35. Chaperone P38 is normally required for folding gp37 peptides into a P37 trimer; however, a temperature-sensitive mutation in T4 (ts3813) that suppresses this requirement at 30°C but not at 42°C was found in gene 37 (R. J. Bishop and W. B. Wood, Virology 72:244-254, 1976). Sequencing of the temperature-sensitive mutant revealed a 21-bp duplication of wild-type gene 37 inserted into its C-terminal portion (S. Hashemolhosseini et al., J. Mol. Biol. 241:524-533, 1994).

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Harven, Etienne de, and Davide Soligo. "Backscattered Electron Imaging of Colloidal Gold Markers For Leukocyte Surface Antigens." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010011948x.

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Markers for immuno-scanning electron microscopy had been, so far, selected for easy identification based on their distinctive shape (for example, haemocyanin, bacteriophage T4). These markers were always viewed in the secondary electron imaging (SEI) mode. Their size was not posing much of a problem of resolution for commercially available SEM, but was likely to prevent good labeling efficiency, due to steric hindrance phenomena. Higher labeling efficiency necessitates the use of markers of smaller size which, unfortunately, can rarely be unambiguously recognized in topographical SE images.To

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Santoriello, Francis J., and Stefan Pukatzki. "When the pandemic opts for the lockdown: Secretion system evolution in the cholera bacterium." Microbial Cell 8, no. 3 (2021): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15698/mic2021.03.744.

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Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the diarrheal disease cholera, is a microbe capable of inhabiting two different ecosystems: chitinous surfaces in brackish, estuarine waters and the epithelial lining of the human gastrointestinal tract. V. cholerae defends against competitive microorganisms with a contact-dependent, contractile killing machine called the type VI secretion system (T6SS) in each of these niches. The T6SS resembles an inverted T4 bacteriophage tail and is used to deliver toxic effector proteins into neighboring cells. Pandemic strains of V. cholerae encode a unique set of

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Love, Michael J., David Coombes, Sarah H. Manners, Gayan S. Abeysekera, Craig Billington, and Renwick C. J. Dobson. "The Molecular Basis for Escherichia coli O157:H7 Phage FAHEc1 Endolysin Function and Protein Engineering to Increase Thermal Stability." Viruses 13, no. 6 (2021): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061101.

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Bacteriophage-encoded endolysins have been identified as antibacterial candidates. However, the development of endolysins as mainstream antibacterial agents first requires a comprehensive biochemical understanding. This study defines the atomic structure and enzymatic function of Escherichia coli O157:H7 phage FAHEc1 endolysin, LysF1. Bioinformatic analysis suggests this endolysin belongs to the T4 Lysozyme (T4L)-like family of proteins and contains a highly conserved catalytic triad. We then solved the structure of LysF1 with x-ray crystallography to 1.71 Å. LysF1 was confirmed to exist as a

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Lin, Hongzhe, Yuxuan Jiang, Yan Li, et al. "Ferritin-Based HA DNA Vaccine Outperforms Conventional Designs in Inducing Protective Immunity Against Seasonal Influenza." Vaccines 13, no. 7 (2025): 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13070745.

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Background: Influenza remains a persistent public health challenge due to antigenic drift and shift, necessitating vaccines capable of eliciting broad and durable immunity. Hemagglutinin (HA) antigen serves as the critical target for eliciting protective immune responses against influenza. DNA vaccines offer distinct advantages over conventional platforms, including accelerated development and induction of both humoral and cellular immune responses. Methods: To optimize HA antigen presentation, we designed and systematically compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of HA antigen dis

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Park, Eun Jeong, Seungki Lee, Jong Beom Na, et al. "Characterization of Broad Spectrum Bacteriophage vB ESM-pEJ01 and Its Antimicrobial Efficacy Against Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Green Juice." Microorganisms 13, no. 1 (2025): 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010103.

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Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections have increased in humans, animals, and the food industry, with ready-to-eat (RTE) food products being particularly susceptible to contamination. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains has rendered the current control strategies insufficient to effectively control STEC infections. Herein, we characterized the newly isolated STEC phage vB_ESM-pEJ01, a polyvalent phage capable of infecting Escherichia and Salmonella species, and assessed its efficacy in reducing STEC in vitro and food matrices. The phage, belonging to the Tevenvirina

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Sissoëff, Ludmilla, Mohamed Mousli, Patrick England, and Christine Tuffereau. "Stable trimerization of recombinant rabies virus glycoprotein ectodomain is required for interaction with the p75NTR receptor." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 9 (2005): 2543–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81063-0.

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Native rabies virus glycoprotein (RVGvir) is a trimeric, membrane-anchored protein that has been shown to interact with the p75NTR neurotrophin receptor. In order to determine if the RVG trimeric oligomerization state is required for its binding with p75NTR, different soluble recombinant molecules containing the entire RVG ectodomain (RVGect) were expressed alone or fused at its C terminus to the trimerization domain of the bacteriophage T4 fibritin, termed ‘foldon’. The oligomerization status of recombinant RVG was investigated using sedimentation in sucrose gradient and p75NTR binding assays

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