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Journal articles on the topic 'Bacteriophage typing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 March 2023

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1

SAKMANOĞLU, Aslı, та Hasan Hüseyin HADİMLİ. "Typing of ΦSP–3 lytic Salmonella bacteriophages obtained from various fecal sources". TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES 44, № 5 (2020): 1047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/vet-2005-105.

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Although several reports are available on both ΦSP–1 and ΦSP–3 lytic Salmonella bacteriophages obtained from poultry, further research is required to study the effectiveness of ΦSP–3 type on serovars isolated from other sources. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bacteriophages from 8 serovars previously obtained from 869 fecal samples (calf, dairy cow, buffalo, and camel), genotype the bacteriophages, and detect the cross-lytic activities of the bacteriophages on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kentucky, S.Anatum, and S.Muenchen. A total of 16 bacteriophages were detected a

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2

Sharma, N. C., R. Bhatia, S. Singh, P. C. John, S. Kumar, and H. Singh. "Bacteriophage typing inSalmonella bareilly." Epidemiology and Infection 112, no. 1 (1994): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880005740x.

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SummaryA total of 675 stdrains ofSalmonella bareillyreceived from different parts of India and France during 1959–92 were phage typed using six bacteriophages. Overall ttypability achieved was 90·8% with 23 distinctphage types excluding a group of untypable strains. Phage types have been defined in octal code. Simpson's coefficient was applied for diversity index having a value of 0·839. This system was found to be reproducible, stable and epidemiologically useful.

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3

Loessner, M. J., and M. Busse. "Bacteriophage typing of Listeria species." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 56, no. 6 (1990): 1912–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.56.6.1912-1918.1990.

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4

Pickard, Derek, Nicholas R. Thomson, Stephen Baker, et al. "Molecular Characterization of the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Vi-Typing Bacteriophage E1." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 7 (2008): 2580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01654-07.

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ABSTRACT Some bacteriophages target potentially pathogenic bacteria by exploiting surface-associated virulence factors as receptors. For example, phage have been identified that exhibit specificity for Vi capsule producing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Here we have characterized the Vi-associated E1-typing bacteriophage using a number of molecular approaches. The absolute requirement for Vi capsule expression for infectivity was demonstrated using different Vi-negative S. enterica derivatives. The phage particles were shown to have an icosahedral head and a long noncontractile tail struct

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5

WALLMARK, GÖSTA. "BACTERIOPHAGE-TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PYOGENES." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 34, no. 5 (2009): 497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1954.tb00296.x.

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WALLMARK, GÖSTA. "BACTERIOPHAGE-TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PYOGENES." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 34, no. 6 (2009): 577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1954.tb00304.x.

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7

WALLMARK, GÖSTA, and GUNNEL MELIN. "BACTERIOPHAGE-TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PYOGENES." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 34, no. 6 (2009): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1954.tb00305.x.

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8

WALLMARK, GÖSTA. "BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PYOGENES." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 34, no. 1 (2009): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1954.tb00801.x.

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9

Amorim, Lara R. P., Joana G. L. Silva, Paul A. Gibbs, and Paula C. Teixeira. "Application of an Impedimetric Technique for the Detection of Lytic Infection ofSalmonellaspp. by Specific Phages." International Journal of Microbiology 2009 (2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/259456.

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This study was performed to evaluate the adaption of the impedimetric method to detect the lytic infection bySalmonella-specific bacteriophages and to provide a higher selectivity to this rapid method in detectingSalmonellaspp. by using specific agents. Three bacteriophages and twelve strains ofSalmonellaspp. were tested. Each of the twelve strains was used separately to inoculate TSB together with each one of the phages. The inoculum concentration was between 106and 107 cfu/mL, at a cell: phage ratio of 1 : 100. From the sample analysis, based on conductance (G) measurements (37°C), the infec

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10

Gautam, Bikram, Lomas Aryal, Sachana Adhikari, et al. "Isolation of Bacteriophage from Guheswori Sewage Treatment Plant Capable of Infecting Pathogens." Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences 4, no. 2 (2018): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i02.11.

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Background: Waste water contains microorganisms which are continuously shed in the feces. These microorganisms especially bacteria might acquire antibiotic resistance and pose a significant threat to human health. Therefore, this work aims at isolating bacteriophage capable of infecting the isolated bacteria. Methodology: For this purpose, the grab sampling was performed at the Guheswori sewage treatment plant from the inlet in the primary treatment plant and from the outlet of the secondary treatment plant. For the isolation of bacteriophage, bacteriophage in the sewage was first enriched in

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11

Baqer, Abeer Ameen, Kokxin Fang, Norfarhan Mohd-Assaad, Siti Noor Adnalizawati Adnan, and Norefrina Shafinaz Md Md Nor. "In Vitro Activity, Stability and Molecular Characterization of Eight Potent Bacteriophages Infecting Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae." Viruses 15, no. 1 (2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010117.

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Background: Members of the genus Klebsiella are among the leading microbial pathogens associated with nosocomial infection. The increased incidence of antimicrobial resistance in these species has propelled the need for alternate/combination therapeutic regimens to aid clinical treatment, including bacteriophage therapy. Bacteriophages are considered very safe and effective in treating bacterial infections. In this study, we characterize eight lytic bacteriophages that were previously isolated by our team against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methods: The one-step-growth curves,

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12

Connerton, P. L., C. M. Loc Carrillo, C. Swift, et al. "Longitudinal Study of Campylobacter jejuni Bacteriophages and Their Hosts from Broiler Chickens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 7 (2004): 3877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.7.3877-3883.2004.

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ABSTRACT A longitudinal study of bacteriophages and their hosts was carried out at a broiler house that had been identified as having a population of Campylobacter-specific bacteriophages. Cloacal and excreta samples were collected from three successive broiler flocks reared in the same barn. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from each flock, whereas bacteriophages could be isolated from flocks 1 and 2 but were not isolated from flock 3. The bacteriophages isolated from flocks 1 and 2 were closely related to each other in terms of host range, morphology, genome size, and genetic content. All C

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13

Bergan, Tom. "A NEW BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING SET FOR PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology and Immunology 80B, no. 2 (2009): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00148.x.

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14

Bergan, Tom. "A NEW BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING SET FOR PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology and Immunology 80B, no. 2 (2009): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00149.x.

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15

VOGELSANG, TH M. "STAPHYLOCOCCAL STUDIES IN HOSPITAL STAFFS III. Bacteriophage Typing." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 33, no. 4 (2009): 434–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1953.tb01540.x.

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16

Grunwald, Assaf, Moran Dahan, Anna Giesbertz, et al. "Bacteriophage strain typing by rapid single molecule analysis." Nucleic Acids Research 43, no. 18 (2015): e117-e117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv563.

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17

Nielsen, J. P., and V. T. Rosdahl. "Development and epidemiological applications of a bacteriophage typing system for typing Pasteurella multocida." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28, no. 1 (1990): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.28.1.103-107.1990.

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18

Besser, Thomas E., Nurmohammad Shaikh, Nicholas J. Holt, et al. "Greater Diversity of Shiga Toxin-Encoding Bacteriophage Insertion Sites among Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates from Cattle than in Those from Humans." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 3 (2006): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01035-06.

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ABSTRACT Escherichia coli O157:H7, a zoonotic human pathogen for which domestic cattle are a reservoir host, produces a Shiga toxin(s) (Stx) encoded by bacteriophages. Chromosomal insertion sites of these bacteriophages define three principal genotypes (clusters 1 to 3) among clinical isolates of E. coli O157:H7. Stx-encoding bacteriophage insertion site genotypes of 282 clinical and 80 bovine isolates were evaluated. A total of 268 (95.0%) of the clinical isolates, but only 41 (51.3%) of the bovine isolates, belonged to cluster 1, 2, or 3 (P < 0.001). Thirteen additional genotypes were ide

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19

ESTELA, LUIS A., JOHN N. SOFOS, and BARBARA B. FLORES. "Bacteriophage Typing of Listeria monocytogenes Cultures Isolated From Seafoods." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 1 (1992): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.1.13.

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Listeria monocytogenes cultures isolated from a variety of seafoods were subjected to phage typing procedures utilizing the French International set of L. monocytogenes bacteriophages. These cultures were also subjected to the activity of newly isolated North American phages to L. monocytogenes. There were 147 serotype 1/2 and 80 serotype 4b L. monocytogenes cultures isolated from 16 varieties of marine products included in this study. L. monocytogenes was most frequently isolated from crab meat, salmon, and shrimp. Bacteriophages to serotype 1/2 isolates most frequently observed as single pat

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20

Bergan, Tom. "Bacteriophage Typing and Serogrouping of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Animals." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology and Immunology 80B, no. 3 (2009): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00046.x.

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21

Gaston, M. A. "Evaluation of a bacteriophage-typing scheme for Enterobacter cloacae." Journal of Medical Microbiology 24, no. 4 (1987): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00222615-24-4-291.

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22

Rubin, Sally Jo. "Klebsiella Marker Systems." Infection Control 6, no. 2 (1985): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700062615.

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AbstractKlebsiella marker systems include determination of susceptibility patterns, serotype, bacteriocin susceptibility, bacteriophage susceptibility, biotype, and plasmid content, size and endonuclease fragment size. Susceptibility patterns are useful only if unusual patterns (ie, aminoglycoside resistance) occur. Serotypes are stable, reproducible markers. Over 90% of isolates can be serotyped and epidemiologically unrelated strains are widely distributed among the 72 standard types. Antisera are not available commercially except to types 1 to 6 and serotyping is expensive and time-consumin

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23

Benn, Richard. "Alison Vickery and the typing of staphylococci in Australia." Microbiology Australia 38, no. 1 (2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma17018.

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Alison Vickery, who died in December 2016, played an important role in the bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus in this country. The technique was introduced by Phyllis Rountree in the 1950s at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, where it was initially used to identify a particularly virulent strain of S. aureus (phage type 80/81) in the neonatal nursery.

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24

Zakharova, Yuliya A., Ivan A. Ivashchenko, and Ekaterina V. Bolgarova. "To the question of the relevance of the development and prospects for the use of the bacteriophage <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology 99, no. 5 (2022): 573–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-331.

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Introduction. The prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains causing invasive forms of pneumococcal infection and the growing rates of antibiotic resistance of individual serotypes of the pathogen pose a number of urgent and socially significant tasks the search for new antimicrobial agents for prevention and treatment. Objective. To analyze the data of scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors on the problems of practical use and prospects for the development of the bacteriophage S. pneumoniae drug aimed at the actual serotypes of the pathogen. Results. Analysis

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25

Paul-Satyaseela, Maneesh, Channappa T. Shivannavar, and Subhashchandra M. Gaddad. "Comparison of Capsular Typing of Staphylococcus aureus with Bacteriophage Typing: A Study in Gulbarga, India." Indian Journal of Microbiology 51, no. 3 (2011): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0108-3.

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26

Sekaninová, G., I. Rychlík, M. Kolářová, J. Pillich, J. Seménka, and V. Zajícová. "A new bacteriophage typing scheme forProteus mirabilis andProteus vulgaris strains." Folia Microbiologica 43, no. 2 (1998): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02816498.

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27

Brasino, Michael D., and Jennifer N. Cha. "Isothermal rolling circle amplification of virus genomes for rapid antigen detection and typing." Analyst 140, no. 15 (2015): 5138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an00721f.

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In this work, isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) of the multi-kilobase genome of engineered filamentous bacteriophage is used to report the presence and identification of specific protein analytes in solution.

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28

Fouts, Derrick E., David A. Rasko, Regina Z. Cer, et al. "Sequencing Bacillus anthracis Typing Phages Gamma and Cherry Reveals a Common Ancestry." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 9 (2006): 3402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.9.3402-3408.2006.

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ABSTRACT The genetic relatedness of the Bacillus anthracis typing phages Gamma and Cherry was determined by nucleotide sequencing and comparative analysis. The genomes of these two phages were identical except at three variable loci, which showed heterogeneity within individual lysates and among Cherry, Wβ, Fah, and four Gamma bacteriophage sequences.

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29

Silva, Jessica, Roberto Dias, José Ivo Junior, et al. "A Rapid Method for Performing a Multivariate Optimization of Phage Production Using the RCCD Approach." Pathogens 10, no. 9 (2021): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091100.

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Bacteriophages can be used in various applications, from the classical approach as substitutes for antibiotics (phage therapy) to new biotechnological uses, i.e., as a protein delivery vehicle, a diagnostic tool for specific strains of bacteria (phage typing), or environmental bioremediation. The demand for bacteriophage production increases daily, and studies that improve these production processes are necessary. This study evaluated the production of a T4-like bacteriophage vB_EcoM-UFV09 (an E. coli-infecting phage with high potential for reducing environmental biofilms) in seven types of cu

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30

El-Shibiny, A., P. L. Connerton, and I. F. Connerton. "Enumeration and Diversity of Campylobacters and Bacteriophages Isolated during the Rearing Cycles of Free-Range and Organic Chickens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 3 (2005): 1259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.3.1259-1266.2005.

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ABSTRACT Campylobacters and Campylobacter-specific bacteriophages were isolated and enumerated during the rearing cycle of free-range (56 days) and organic chickens (73 days) at 3-day intervals from hatching until slaughter. In both flocks Campylobacter jejuni was the initial colonizer but Campylobacter coli was detected more frequently from 5 weeks of age. The diversity of the Campylobacter isolates was examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of SmaI-digested genomic DNA and antimicrobial resistance typing. Bacteriophages were isolated from 51% (19 of 37 birds) of Campylobacter-positive

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31

Lilleengen, Kaare. "TYPING OF SALMONELLA DUBLIN AND SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS BY MEANS OF BACTERIOPHAGE." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 27, no. 4 (2009): 625–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1950.tb04934.x.

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32

Lilleengen, Kaare. "TYPING OF SALMONELLA GALLINARUM AND SALMONELLA PULLORUM BY MEANS OF BACTERIOPHAGE." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 30, no. 2 (2009): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1952.tb00174.x.

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33

Gaston, M. A. "Isolation and selection of a bacteriophage-typing set for Enterobacter cloacae." Journal of Medical Microbiology 24, no. 4 (1987): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00222615-24-4-285.

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34

Mulligan, M. E., R. Y. Kwok, D. M. Citron, J. F. John, and P. B. Smith. "Immunoblots, antimicrobial resistance, and bacteriophage typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 26, no. 11 (1988): 2395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.26.11.2395-2401.1988.

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35

SHIMIZU, Akira, Junichi KAWANO, Shinzi HAZUE, Shige KIMURA, and Hiroshi TAMURA. "Bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from laboratory and wild rodents." Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science 49, no. 5 (1987): 819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms1939.49.819.

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36

Mulligan, Maury E., and Robert D. Arbeit. "Epidemiologic and Clinical Utility of Typing Systems for Differentiating Among Strains of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 12, no. 01 (1991): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646234.

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AbstractTyping systems for differentiating among strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus(MRSA) can be valuable tools for the epidemiologist and the clinician. Specific criteria for evaluating such systems are typeability, reproducibility, and discriminatory power. An ideal typing system also would be rapid, inexpensive, technically simple, and readily available. Systems based on the detection of phenotypic variations include antimicrobial susceptibility testing, bacteriophage typing, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, and electrophoretic methods such as protein eletrophoresis and

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37

Connerton, Phillippa, John Wain, Tran T. Hien, et al. "Epidemic Typhoid in Vietnam: Molecular Typing of Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi from Four Outbreaks." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 2 (2000): 895–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.2.895-897.2000.

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Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates from four outbreaks of typhoid fever in southern Vietnam between 1993 and 1997 were compared. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, bacteriophage and plasmid typing, and antibiotic susceptibilities showed that independent outbreaks of multidrug-resistant typhoid fever in southern Vietnam are caused by single bacterial strains. However, different outbreaks do not derive from the clonal expansion of a single multidrug-resistant serotype Typhi strain.

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38

AKIBA, M., D. H. RICE, M. A. DAVIS, et al. "A comparison of Escherichia coli O157 isolates from cattle in Japan and the USA by molecular biological methods." Epidemiology and Infection 125, no. 1 (2000): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899004264.

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Escherichia coli O157 isolates from cattle in Japan (n = 91) and in the USA (n = 415) were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of endonuclease-cleaved genomic DNA, location of the stx genes and bacteriophage typing. Three isolates from cattle in Japan with high similarity to isolates from cattle in the USA were found. Isolates from cattle farms in Japan and the USA may share a common source.

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39

Grajewski, B. A., J. W. Kusek, and H. M. Gelfand. "Development of a bacteriophage typing system for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 22, no. 1 (1985): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.22.1.13-18.1985.

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40

Kirchhelle, Claas. "The forgotten typers: The rise and fall of Weimar bacteriophage-typing (1921–1935)." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 74, no. 4 (2019): 539–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2019.0020.

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Using bacteriophages to type (identify) bacteria was one of the most important tools of twentieth-century epidemiology. Challenging existing accounts’ focus on Anglophone research, this paper shows that modern phage-typing arose in German-speaking continental laboratories from 1921 onwards. Several factors contributed to this rise: the limitations of existing phenotypic systems; demobilized German bacteriologists’ interwar engagement with phages as a means to explore bacterial type variation; the existence of well-stocked and well-defined microbial culture collections with a strong focus on ty

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41

Smith, Darren L., Brian M. Wareing, Paul C. M. Fogg, et al. "Multilocus Characterization Scheme for Shiga Toxin-Encoding Bacteriophages." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 24 (2007): 8032–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01278-07.

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ABSTRACT Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are food-borne pathogens whose ability to produce Shiga toxin (Stx) is due to integration of Stx-encoding lambdoid bacteriophages. These Stx phages are both genetically and morphologically heterogeneous, and here we report the design and validation of a PCR-based multilocus typing scheme. PCR primer sets were designed for database variants of a range of key lambdoid bacteriophage genes and applied to control phages and 70 stx + phage preparations induced from a collection of STEC isolates. The genetic diversity residing within thes

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42

AKIBA, M., T. MASUDA, T. SAMESHIMA, K. KATSUDA, and M. NAKAZAWA. "Molecular typing of Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 (H−) isolates from cattle in Japan." Epidemiology and Infection 122, no. 2 (1999): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899002198.

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A total of 77 Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 (H−) isolates from cattle in Japan were investigated by molecular biological methods. Most of these isolates (43 isolates) possessed the stx2 gene, but not stx1. Fifteen bacteriophage types and 50 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles were observed. One isolate was indistinguishable from the human outbreak strain by these methods. This indicates that cattle must be considered as a possible source of human E. coli O157[ratio ]H7 infection in Japan.

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43

Nordström, Gerd, and J. M. Grange. "BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING OF MYCOBACTERIUM RANAE (FORTUITUM). THE USE OF UNADAPTED AND ADAPTED PHAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TYPING SYSTEM." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology and Immunology 82B, no. 1 (2009): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02297.x.

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44

Loessner, M. J. "Improved procedure for bacteriophage typing of Listeria strains and evaluation of new phages." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57, no. 3 (1991): 882–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.57.3.882-884.1991.

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45

Bannerman, T. L., G. A. Hancock, F. C. Tenover, and J. M. Miller. "Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as a replacement for bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of clinical microbiology 33, no. 3 (1995): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.33.3.551-555.1995.

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46

Gaston, M. A., B. A. Ayling-Smith, and T. L. Pitt. "New bacteriophage typing scheme for subdivision of the frequent capsular serotypes of Klebsiella spp." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 25, no. 7 (1987): 1228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.25.7.1228-1232.1987.

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47

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Modifying Plaque assay and Clearance test as tools in determination of phage typing for E. Coli bacterial interspecies." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 1 (2013): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.1.161-167.

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Bacteriophage of E. Coli interspecies from sewage samples were isolated , the phage particles were isolated from two different sewage samples . The first sample was collected from sewage sample of Baghdad university and the second sample was isolated from domestic sewage sample , first sample showed phages specialized for three E. Coli interspecies bacteria (first plate ) and two E. Coli interspecies bacteria (second plate ) , meanwhile second sample showed phage specialized for two E. Coli. interspeciesThe study of appearance of E coli phages from first sample showed three types of E. coli ph

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48

O'Callaghan, Maureen, Trevor A. Jackson, and Travis R. Glare. "Serratia entomophilabacteriophages: host range determination and preliminary characterization." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43, no. 11 (1997): 1069–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m97-152.

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Eight bacteriophages specific to Serratia entomophila, a commercially available bacterial pathogen of the New Zealand grass grub (Costelytra zealandica), were characterized by host range determination, morphology and restriction endonuclease patterns of DNA. Phages were originally isolated from grass grub larvae and fermenter broth where phages had disrupted large-scale production of S. entomophila. Seven of the phages (CW1–CW5, BC, and BT) had heads similar in size (approximately 60 × 60 nm) and long noncontractile tails (185 × 10 nm). Phage AgRP8 (P8) had a smaller head and a short tail stru

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Nelson, Daniel, Raymond Schuch, Shiwei Zhu, Donna M. Tscherne, and Vincent A. Fischetti. "Genomic Sequence of C1, the First Streptococcal Phage." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 11 (2003): 3325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.11.3325-3332.2003.

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ABSTRACT C1, a lytic bacteriophage infecting group C streptococci, is one of the earliest-isolated phages, and the method of bacterial classification known as phage typing was defined by using this bacteriophage. We present for the first time a detailed analysis of this phage by use of electron microscopy, protein profiling, and complete nucleotide sequencing. This virus belongs to the Podoviridae family of phages, all of which are characterized by short, noncontractile tails. The C1 genome consists of a linear double-stranded DNA molecule of 16,687 nucleotides with 143-bp inverted terminal re

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FUKUYAMA, Masafumi, Tomoo KAMIMURA, Takeshi ITOH, et al. "Studies on Motile-Aeromonas Infection: 2 Development of a Bacteriophage Typing System for Motile Aeromonas." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 65, no. 7 (1991): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.65.813.

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