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Ram, S. S. R. Raghu. "Halitosis-Bad Breath: Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 11 (2019): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.03612.x.
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Almas, Khalid, Abdullah Al-Hawish, and Waheed Al-Khamis. "Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 4, no. 4 (2003): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-4-4-77.
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Abstract The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of oral hygiene practices and halitosis among undergraduate students from King Saud University, College of Dentistry. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among all 481 students; 263 male and 218 female students. A questionnaire was developed to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, treatment received for bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tea drinking habits, and tongue coating. The response rate was 77%. Forty four percent of male and 32% of female students reported the self-perception of breath odor. Self-treatment was sought by 12% male and 22% female. Six percent of males and 4% of females experienced bad breath interference at their work. Seventy-eight percent of male and 62% of female students experienced bad breath after waking up. Brushing was prevalent among 81% of male and 99% of female students. Both miswak (chewing sticks) and tooth brushing were used by 53% male and 83% female students. Fifty seven percent of male students and 44% of female students reported caries. Bleeding gingiva was experienced by 26% of males and 14% of females. Dry mouth was common among 14% of males and 17% of females, while smoking was prevalent among 13% of males and 2% of females. Tea drinking was common among 44% of males and 37% of females, while tongue coating was equally common among both males and females (21% and 20%), respectively. The results indicate female students had better oral hygiene practices, significantly less self-reported oral bad breath, and smoked less compared to male students. There was no difference in tongue coating among male and female students. Further research is needed to examine oral malodor clinically and objectively by the standard procedures available. Students should be motivated to be a health symbol and keeping their mouths free from oral malodor. Citation Almas K, Al-Hawish A, Al-Khamis W. Oral Hygiene Practices, Smoking Habits, and Self-Perceived Oral Malodor Among Dental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:077-090.
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Kini, Vineet, Sachin Kanagotagi, Ashvini Padhye, Tushar Pathak, and Himani Gupta. "Diagnosis and Treatment of Halitosis: An Overview." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 2, no. 3 (2012): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1018.
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ABSTRACT ‘Halitosis’ or bad breath is an unpleasant problem that affects people socially and psychologically. Halitosis is caused by a mixture of breath with malodorous compounds emanating from different areas of the oral cavity, respiratory tract and upper digestive tracts. Breath odor research captured the scientific community's attention during the last few decades. This has led to advances in analytical instruments used for identification and measurement of these malodorous compounds. The dental profession's response to the problem of halitosis has been met with hurdles in regards therapy often due to perceptive differences of the patient. This review attempts to highlight the identification, classification, diagnosis and treatment of halitosis. How to cite this article Kini VV, Pereira R, Padhye A, Kanagotagi S, Pathak T, Gupta H. Diagnosis and Treatment of Halitosis: An Overview. J Contemp Dent 2012;2(3):89-95.
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van der Sluijs, E. "A PhD completed. Prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases and bad breath." Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Tandheelkunde 125, no. 01 (January 5, 2018): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5177/ntvt.2018.01.17202.
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Scardoeli, Bruna, Francine Brait Narita, Sônia Regina Pinheiro, Adalberto Von Ancken, and Cidéli de Paula Coelho. "Homeopathic Treatment of Trauma, Abscess and Papillomatosis in Trachemys dorbigni." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 18, no. 02 (June 30, 2021): 04. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v18i02.985.
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Background Mechanical trauma, bacterial and viral infections are common in Trachemys dorbigni when in captivity. Aims Report the evolution of homeopathic treatment in a patient of Trachemys dorbigni species. Methodology Homeopathic treatment was chosen, based on the principle of similitude, using Arnica montana due to its anti-inflammatory action, Avena sativa for the physical fatigue; Silicea to act in suppurative processes and Thuya occidentalis in papillomatosis. Results On 22/11/2018, with 1 month old, 6g, it presented lethargy, hyporexia, locomotor difficulty due to edema and necrotic process in the right anterior limb, presenting bad prognosis and possible limb loss. The protocol was 2 globules of Arnica montana 6CH, diluted in the contact water, every 8 hours, for 7 days and 2 globules of Avena sativa 6CH, every 12 hours, for 5 days. After 7 days, it was observed that the patient was active, normoretic, with weight gain and decreased edema and necrotic process of the right anterior limb, ruling out the amputation. On 29/12/2018, the patient presented a rigid abscess in the right cervical region, that adopted protocol with a single dose of 2 globules of Silicea 6CH and 2 globules of Arnica montana 6CH, diluted in the contact water, every 24 hours, for 4 days, until the return on 02/01/2019, with the complete regression. On 13/01/2019, it presented papillomas and plastron infection, which the proposed treatment was constituted with administration of 2 globules of Thuya occidentalis 12CH, diluted in the contact water, every 24 hours for 3 days, with total remission of the lesions occurring in 3 days. Conclusion Mechanical trauma, bacterial and viral infections can be controlled by homeopathic medicaments without the administration of antibiotic or surgeries, being fast, less harmful and with an affordable economic value.
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Bakdash, Bashar, Patricia A. Lenton, and Georgia Majerus. "Counseling and Treating Bad Breath Patients: A Step-By-Step Approach." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 2, no. 2 (2001): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-2-2-8.
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Abstract Bad breath (oral malodor, halitosis) can be detrimental to one's self-image and confidence causing social, emotional, and psychological anxiety. With the majority of breath problems having an oral origin, the dental office is the most logical place for patients to seek treatment. When patients look to dental professionals for expert advice, it is critical they have the knowledge base and communication techniques to provide quality clinical assessment and implement effective intervention programs. Moreover, dental professionals should feel comfortable proactively counseling patients about oralmalodor without fear of offending the patient. Numerous continuing education programs and journalarticles related to the diagnosis and treatment of oral malodor are available. In addition, electronic sources are accessible for dental professionals to expand their knowledge base regarding oral malodor information. Fewer resources are available, however, regarding techniques to facilitate an effective dialogue with patients on this sensitive issue. This article seeks to provide such information and to helpprofessionals tailor the target communication message to meet the specific needs of individual patients.
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Jethani, Bipin, Meeta Gupta, Parul Wadhwani, Rekha Thomas, Thankaraj Balakrishnan, George Mathew, Mohit Mathur, et al. "Clinical Characteristics and Remedy Profiles of Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study." Homeopathy 110, no. 02 (February 10, 2021): 086–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718584.
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Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to identify indicated homeopathic remedies based on the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in India. Methods In this retrospective, cohort study, confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted at a COVID Health Centre in New Delhi between April 29 and June 17, 2020 were given conventional and homeopathic treatment. Patients were grouped into mild, moderate or severe categories of disease. Their symptomatologic profiles were analyzed to identify indicated homeopathic medicines. Results A total of 196 COVID-19 patients were admitted. One hundred and seventy-eight patients had mild symptoms; eighteen patients had moderate symptoms; no patients with severe symptoms were included as they were referred to tertiary care centers with ventilatory support. The mean age of patients with mild symptoms was significantly lower (38.6 years; standard deviation or SD ± 15.8) compared with patients in the moderate category (66.0 years; SD ± 9.09). The most important symptoms identified were fever (43.4%), cough (47.4%), sore throat (29.6%), headache (18.4%), myalgia (17.9%), fatigue (16.8%), chest discomfort (13.8%), chills (12.6%), shortness of breath (11.2%) and loss of taste (10.2%). Twenty-eight homeopathic medicines were prescribed, the most frequently indicated being Bryonia alba (33.3%), Arsenicum album (18.1%), Pulsatilla nigricans (13.8%), Nux vomica (8%), Rhus toxicodendron (7.2%) and Gelsemium sempervirens (5.8%), in 30C potency. Conclusion Data from the current study reveal that Arsenicum album, Bryonia alba, Pulsatilla nigricans, Nux vomica, Rhus toxicodendron and Gelsemium sempervirens are the most frequently indicated homeopathic medicines. A randomized controlled clinical trial based on this finding is the next step.
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Kabir, Md Humayun, A. F. M. Sarwar, Motaher Hossain, and Ikramul Ahmed. "Etiological Factors, Diagnoses, and Treatments of Halitosis: A Review update." Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20767.
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Halitosis is known as bad breath that emanates from the oral cavity either intra-oral and/or extra-oral origins with different nomenclature such as oral malodor, foetor ex ore, bad breath, foul smell or in Bengali durgondha. Fifty percent of people worldwide view themselves as having halitosis, with (85.0-90.0%) of the etiology being intra-oral. Oral causes include basically tongue coating and other various causes like tooth decay, periodontitis, chronic gingivitis, oral infections, pericoronitis, calculus deposition, oral mucosal ulceration (bacterial and/or fungal), impacted food particles, orthodontic problems and poor oral hygiene practice. These sorts of foul smell of the oral cavity most often results from the bacterial degradation of oral organic substrates as volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). The source of halitosis may be related both to oral and systemic condition, but majority of cases are commonly related to oral factors. So far knowledge goes there have been a few studies evaluating the prevalence of bad mouth breath (BMB) in general population. The aim of this reviews are the classification of halitosis, assessment, diagnosis, intra-oral and systemic contributing factors, treatment, management and clinical application.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20767J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2013;5(2):106-110
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Shakya, Sonika, Priti Shrestha, and Sabina Poudel. "Periodontal Status and Quality of Life in Adult Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Kathmandu Valley." Journal of Nepalese Society of Periodontology and Oral Implantology 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnspoi.v3i2.30887.
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Introduction: Symptoms of periodontal disease like redness, bleeding on brushing, loosening of affected teeth, and persistent bad breath are not usually documented in a research report. Such symptoms are highly relevant from the patient’s point of view and often have a considerable adverse impact on their daily quality of life.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the periodontal health status and its impact on quality of life.
Methods: Clinical attachment loss of total 100 participants were measured at six sites of all teeth and patients divided into severity groups according to loss of attachment. The Nepalese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess impact of periodontal status on patient’s quality of life. In addition, participants were also asked to complete a simple ‘yes/no’ checklist of symptoms relating to their periodontal health in the past year which included swollen gums, sore gums, receding gums, loose teeth, drifting teeth, bad breath, or toothache.
Results: Overall OHIP-14 score significantly differed between patient groups. The impact of oral health on quality of life was greater in patients with high/severe periodontitis and the result was statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusion: There is significant difference between oral health related quality of life in healthy and periodontally involved patients as assessed by using OHIP-14. Treatment strategies should focus on improving the quality of life of periodontal patients.
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Vikina, D. S., I. N. Antonova, V. V. Tec, and T. E. Lazareva. "Microbiota in intra-oral halitosis – characteristics, effects of antibacterial mouth rinse treatment." Periodontology 25, no. 1 (March 11, 2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2020-25-1-4-9.
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Relevance. Modern data confirm multimicrobial etiology of oral malodor that can significantly compromise effective therapy. Thus, it is relevent to perform comprehensive study of causes of oral malodour, based on microbiological study of composition of mixed microbial biofilms including culturable and non-culturable microbes and evaluation of efficacy of mouth rinses with broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents.Purpose. To study oral microbiota in oral malodor and its correction with antibacterial mouth rinses.Materials and methods. Subjects, involved in the study, were divided into 3 groups, each having 20 people. Controls didn’t use mouth rinses; experimental group used mouth rinse, containing multicidum; in comparison group chlorhxidine containing mouth rinse was used. Orgnoleptic measurement based on 0-5 Rosenberg scale was applied to score intensity of oral malodor. Coating of the root of the tongue was studied by culture-based methods.Results. The research showed that Multicidum® mouth rinse in comprehensive oral malodor treatment affects aerobic bacteria involved in the pathologic process causing bad breath. Positive effect manifested itself organoleptically according to Rosenberg scale in foul breath reduction and in composition changes of microbiota of the root of the tongue. At thus, amount of microorganisms producing smelly volatile compounds decreased and the number of bacteria inhibiting this process increased amid reduction of spore-forming bacteria that contribute to maintenance of stable microbial communities in oral malodor.Conclusion. Gram-positive cocci and Bacillus-Streptococcus, Enterobacter, Staphylococcus, Granulicatella adiacens, Rothia and aerobic spore-forming bacteria from the Bacillus family that are involved in maintaining the functions of resistant bacterial communities-predominated among the bacteria identified in patients with halitosis. There was a statistically significant decrease in the severity of halitosis under the action of a rinse aid, the main active substance of which is Multicidum , and the absence of a statistically significant effect when using a rinse aid based on chlorhexidine.
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Jovanovic, Svetlana, and Ivanka Gajic. "Oral health in individuals with psychotic disorders." Serbian Dental Journal 55, no. 2 (2008): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0802115j.
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Mental disorders are an important problem in every national health care service. The importance of psychotic disorders is not only their frequency but also their long-term character, recurrence, association with other diseases, costs and consequences for the family and society. Psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorders and depression) and their treatment may result in serious oral diseases. These disorders and medications used to treat them may lead to a series of oral complications and side effects, predominantly high prevalence of carious and extracted teeth, periodontal disease, inadequate oral hygiene, xerostomia, burning mouth syndrome, bad breath and gustatory sense dysfunction. Psychotic disorders affect oral and dental health in two ways. Behavioral changes affect the oral hygiene maintenance and lead to bad habits and attitudes towards oral health. Antipsychotic therapy has adverse effects on oral health. Literature data suggest that oral health in patients with psychotic disorders is poor and highlight the need to develop specific preventive programmes, which would be aimed at improving behavior of this population at risk in the oral health care system.
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Jovanovic, Svetlana, and Ivanka Gajic. "Oral health in individuals with psychotic disorders." Serbian Dental Journal 55, no. 3 (2008): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0803180j.
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Mental disorders are an important problem in every national health care service. The importance of psychotic disorders is not only their frequency but also their long-term character, recurrence, association with other diseases, costs and consequences for the family and society. Psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorders and depression) and their treatment may result in serious oral diseases. These disorders and medications used to treat them may lead to a series of oral complications and side effects, predominantly high prevalence of carious and extracted teeth, periodontal disease, inadequate oral hygiene, xerostomia, burning mouth syndrome, bad breath and gustatory sense dysfunction. Psychotic disorders affect oral and dental health in two ways. Behavioural changes affect the oral hygiene maintenance and lead to bad habits and attitudes towards oral health. Antipsychotic therapy has adverse effects on oral health. Literature data suggest that oral health in patients with psychotic disorders is poor and highlight the need to develop specific preventive programmes, which would be aimed at improving behaviour of this population at risk in the oral health care system.
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Erenler, Ali Kemal, Ahu Pınar Turan, Özlem Oymak Ay, and Ayşegül Taylan Özkan. "Report of a rare case of severe allergic reaction due to nasal myiasis and a brief review of the literature in Turkey." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 7 (January 2019): 2050313X1984339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x19843390.
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Myiasis is defined as infestation of a mammal by fly larvae. It may occur on either living tissues (primary myiasis) or dead tissues (secondary myiasis). In this report, we present a patient with myiasis with an extremely rare clinical manifestation and severe allergic reaction, and we review the literature in order to reveal the current status. A 20-year-old female patient was admitted to our emergency department due to rush on face, cough and shortness of breath. The maggot came out of her nose was identified as Oestrus ovis. With a diagnosis of severe allergic reaction due to myiasis, she was treated diphenhidramine, prednisone and inhale albuterol in the emergency department. After treatment and further investigation, she was discharged with full recovery. Myiasis is a rare cause for severe allergic reaction in patients with definite diagnosis. Immediate diagnosis and treatment are milestones in preventing bad outcomes.
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Lew, D., E. Afghani, and S. Pandol. "Chronic pancreatitis: current status and challenges for prevention and treatment." Herald of Pancreatic Club 47, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33149/vkp.2020.02.01.
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This article presents the results of modern epidemiological studies that emphasize the increasing prevalence of acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP) in many countries, as well as the high likelihood of developing secondary diabetes mellitus, pancreatic cancer. The risk factors for CP occurrence are listed, such as: alcohol, smoking, genetic predisposition, anatomical and obstructive disorders; pathogenetic mechanisms of CP development in the outcome of acute pancreatitis are considered. Attention is paid to laboratory instrumental diagnosis of CP, the advantages and disadvantages of transabdominal ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The emphasis is made on the use of endoscopic ultrasound, diagnostic tests to evaluate exocrine pancreatic function (fecal elastase-1, trypsinogen, triglyceride breath test, cholecystokinin test). The role of correction of modifiable factors and the rejection of bad habits in the treatment of CP is noted. Modern pharmacotherapy regimens for CP with analgesics (starting with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), tricyclic antidepressants, pregabalin, enzyme replacement therapy, simvastatin are described. Surgical techniques for pain relief in CP (endoscopic decompression, shock wave lithotripsy, resection) are considered. The therapeutic techniques for preventing CP complications are described, and the expediency of conducting prolonged enzyme replacement therapy is emphasized. The problematic aspects of pancreatology are listed that need to be studied in future in order to improve outcomes and prognosis in patients with CP.
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Tretiakow, Dmitry, and Andrzej Skorek. "Halitosis vs tonsil stones: is this an otolaryngological problem?" Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny 8, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5601.
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Chronic bad breath, malodor or halitosis is a common symptom that often brings the patient to the physicians. Is necessary to differentiate genuine halitosis (physiological and pathological types), pseudo-halitosis and halitophobia. Tonsils stones are a pathological condition as a result of dysfunction of the self-cleaning mechanism of the tonsil crypts, which predisposes the accumulation of food residues in the tonsil crypts and formation of mass with an unpleasant smell. Including this symptom as a feature of chronic tonsillitis is still controversial. The presence of tonsil stones does not always cause discomfort or other signs and not must be treated. Tonsils stones are only 3% of all causes of halitosis. This fact must keep in mind during the diagnosis and treatment of halitosis. Over 90% of the halitosis deriving in the oral cavity.
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Pavankumar, Kalwa. "Oral Malodour and its Management: A Periodontal Perspective." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 3, no. 1 (January 2009): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-3-1-6.
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ABSTRACT Halitosis is a very common condition which may affect up to 30% of the population. In most cases the aetiology of the condition is from local oral causes (oral malodour). Oral malodour is the result of the action of anaerobic bacteria in producing a range of malodorous molecular species including volatile sulphur compounds. Patients with halitosis may seek treatment from dental clinicians for their perceived oral malodour. Physiologic halitosis, oral pathologic halitosis and pseudo-halitosis would be in the treatment realm of dental practitioners. Management of oral malodour is directed at managing and reducing the bacterial load both in periodontitis and in tongue coatings by instituting proper oral hygiene measures, control of tongue flora by brushing or scraping, and possibly the adjunctive use of antiseptic agents. Treatments have also been proposed to neutralise malodorous compounds by chemical agents to mask the presence of the condition. Further evidence is required to demonstrate the long-term efficacy of therapies for this troublesome condition. The purpose of this article is to review the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of oral malodor from a periodontal perspective. The review will be limited to bad breath odors originating within the mouth.
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Fortuna, Tila, Caroline Argolo Brito De Oliveira, Alena Ribeiro Alves Peixoto Medrado, Viviane Maia Barreto De Oliveira, Roberta Santos Tunes, and Antônio Márcio Teixeira Marchionni. "Desafios do tratamento odontológico na síndrome de Sturge-Weber: relato de caso." Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas 19, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cmbio.v19i4.38028.
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<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare condition characterized by facial capillary malformation, involves ocular, neurological, and cutaneous alterations. Associated with unilateral characteristic port-wine stains, gingival growth and purple-red coloration. <strong>Aim</strong>: his case aims to report dental treatment challenges in patients with SWS and importance of oral health maintenance in these individuals. <strong>Case report</strong>: a 20-year-old woman with an established diagnosis of SWS, presented bad breath and spontaneous gingival bleeding, with gingival growth and reddish-purple spots spread to labial and alveolar mucosa, tongue, and palate. Conditioning of the patient’s oral environment by supra and subgingival scraping, dental unit extraction was performed. A conservative treatment plan was adopted for management adequacy of oral environment owing to possible complications inherent to the condition. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: it is important to emphasize the importance of dental surgeon’s performance in relation to a multidisciplinary health team, as well as cooperation of patient, to obtain better results from the proposed therapy</p>
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Šabanović, Marizela, Semir Saltović, Azra Avdić Mujkić, Midhat Jašić, and Zerina Bahić. "Impact of Propolis on the Oral Health." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2019-0001.
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SummaryPropolis is a natural resinous substance collected by honey bees from buds and exudates of plant species, mixed with bee enzymes, pollen and wax. It has a complex composition with a wide range of effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiflogistic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, carcinostatic and immunomodulatory properties. It is often applied in the treatment of diseases involving the oral cavity and gums. The aim of this paper is to describe the therapeutic properties of propolis, chemical composition and its application in the oral cavity. Literature and systematic information on the composition and the effects of propolis on health were collected, with particular reference to the use in the treatment of oral cavity diseases. The chemical composition of propolis is very complex. The health impact depends on the biologically active components it contains. A particularly important application is in the treatment of diseases of the oral cavity. Studies show that propolis can help prevent dental caries and control gingivitis and plaque. It reduces halithosis (bad breath) and symptoms of periodontosis. It is also effective in fighting viruses. It can have significant application in orthodontics and restorative dentistry. A wide range of effects allows the multiple uses of propolis-based products. Recent research has been increasingly focused on diseases of the oral cavity. The development of novel propolis-based pharmaceutical forms could significantly reduce the use of antibiotics in conventional treatment of diseases of the oral cavity.
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Irfan, Irfan, Yayun Siti Rochmah, Moh Yusuf, and Grahita Aditya. "EFEKTIVITAS DAUN GAMBIR ( UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB ) UNTUK MENURUNKAN HALITOSIS YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH PLAK Studi di Panti Asuhan dan Pondok Pesantren Zuhriyah, Sleman, Yogyakarta." ODONTO : Dental Journal 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.2.2.52-56.
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Introduction: Halitosis is the smell of bad breath that comes out of the mouth. Gambir contained catechins which is a material that helps in inhibited bacteria and VSC (Volatic Sulfur Compound) as the cause of halitosis.Purpose: The aim of research to assess the effectiveness of gambir leaves against halitosis is caused by plaque.Methods: The method in this research is pre experimental research with 18 research subjects students. Halitosis parameter measurements made before and after the use of gambir for 3 days. VSC gas is measured using the tool "Oralchroma". Statistical data processing is done with the Wilcoxon test (p <0.05 as significant level).Results: There were decreased levels in each of the gas before and after gargling on treatment. H2S levels down to 100%, CH3SH fell by 43%, (CH3)2S down 24%. The three gas is visible gas reduction percentage is the highest H2S and the lowest is (CH3)2S. Wilcoxon test results obtained H2S sig 0.109 (p <0.05), CH3SH sig 0.005 (p <0.05) and (CH3)2S sig 0.009 (p <0.05).Conclusion: Gambir leaf decoction is effective against halitosis is caused by plaque.
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Yusro, Fathul, Resky Nanda Pranaka, Indah Budiastutik, and Yeni Mariani. "The Utilization of Medicinal Plants by Communities around Bukit Kelam Nature Park, Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 8, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl28255-272.
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Bukit Kelam Nature Park has a high diversity of flora, including medicinal plants. This study aimed to analyze the medicinal plants in Bukit Kelam Nature Park with high use value (UV), agreement of community's (informant consensus factor/ICF) in utilizing plant species for specific usage categories, and preferred medicinal plants for the treatment of particular usage (fidelity level/FL). Data was collected through field surveys and interview with respondents in Kebong, Merpak, and Kelam Sejahtera villages. Purposive sampling was used to determine the number of the respondent, and the number of respondents was 30% of the total number of the households (351 respondents). The results showed that 84,61% of respondents used 198 species of medicinal plants. Eleven species had high UV, and 5 of them were Curcuma longa (0,3761), Piper betle (0,2422), Psidium guajava (0,2308), Syzygium polyantum (0,1510), and Eleutherine bulbosa (0,1481). The high ICF for the usage category were for body odor, bad breath, diet, acne, nosebleeds, coughs, diarrhea, hypertension, and internal injuries. Fifty-eight species had high FL values (100%), and 5 of them were Erythrina subumbrans (fever), Heliconia rostrata (diabetes), Hippobroma longiflora (dysentery), Cassia alata (skin infection), and Baccaurea motleyana (sore eyes). Keywords: Bukit Kelam, conservation, local wisdom, traditional medicine
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Dikinova, Bella Safarbievna, V. N. Tsarev, L. A. Dmitrieva, and Z. E. Revazova. "USING GALIMETER IN DIAGNOSTICS OF INTRAORAL GALITIOSIS IN PERIODONT DISEASES." Russian Journal of Dentistry 21, no. 5 (October 15, 2017): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1728-2802-2017-21-5-250-253.
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Diagnosis of the level of halitosis (bad breath) is very important, because this may indicate pathology gastrointestinal tract, upper respiratory tract, endocrine system. The most common cause of its occurrence is oral disease. Objective. To determine the effectiveness of the treatment of periodontal disease, halitosis accompanied by a galimetr apparatus. Materials and Methods. The study involved 118 people with periodontal disease of varying severity, accompanied by periodontitis. In the study group underwent a comprehensive treatment of periodontal disease, accompanied by halitosis, with the inclusion of probiotic complex. The control group consisted of 58 people with periodontitis, accompanied by halitosis, did not receive the probiotic complex. Periodontal status was determined by Silness-Loe index Myullemana index, measuring the depth of periodontal pockets. halitosis level determined by galimetr apparatus. The data were processed using statistical methods. Results. After treatment in both groups showed improvement in the patient's mouth and a statistically significant change in the indicators characterizing it. The average depth of the periodontal pocket of the first group ofpatients has decreased by 2 mm (or 40%) patients of the second group of reduction was 1.9 mm (or 42.2%). After 6 weeks of treatment of halitosis level significantly decreased in both groups. In the first group to 67.7 (6.4 times), the second group - to 157.8 (2.8 times). Level halitosis patients in group 6 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than the patients of the second group of halitosis. The level of halitosis patients of the first group is 2.3 times lower than that of the second group ofpatients, demonstrating the effectiveness of the treatment. Conclusions. The use of probiotic complex in treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases, accompanied by halitosis increases the efficiency of traditional therapy. A galimetr is a necessary tool to measure and evaluate the level of halitosis.
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Степанова, Анна, Anna Stepanova, Марина Нагаева, Marina Nagaeva, Елена Дзюба, and Elena Dzyuba. "DYNAMICS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS OF MODERATE SEVERITY ON THE BACKGROUND OF TRADITIONAL TREATMENT." Actual problems in dentistry 15, no. 2 (August 9, 2019): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2019-15-2-32-36.
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Background. The high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in young people determines the relevance of the study of the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies. Chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity is a General medical and socio-economic problem. Mobility and loss of teeth, the presence of a focus of chronic infection in periodontal pockets, gum recession and bad breath lead to psychological discomfort associated with difficulty in communicating, eating, daily life. Thus, the quality of life of patients due to dental health is an important indicator of the subjective evaluation of the effectiveness of therapeutic measures.
Objectives ― study of the dynamics of quality of life in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis on the background of traditional therapy
Methods. In the course of the study, the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity was carried out using the traditional treatment regimen, and the long-term indicators of the quality of life due to dental health were studied on the basis of the OHIP-14-RU questionnaire.
Results. As a result of our study revealed a significant improvement in the quality of life due to dental health in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity in the long term. At the same time, after 12 months, some patients in the questionnaires recorded problems in communication, after 6 and 12 months – problems in everyday life.
Conclusions. Our study demonstrates an improvement in the quality of life due to dental health in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity against the background of traditional treatment. However, the emergence of problems in communication in the long term after therapy suggests the need to optimize treatment aimed at their elimination.
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Ben Lagha, Amel, Katy Vaillancourt, Patricia Maquera Huacho, and Daniel Grenier. "Effects of Labrador Tea, Peppermint, and Winter Savory Essential Oils on Fusobacterium nucleatum." Antibiotics 9, no. 11 (November 10, 2020): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110794.
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Bad breath or halitosis is an oral condition caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) produced by bacteria found in the dental and tongue biofilms. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that has been strongly associated with halitosis. In this study, essential oils (EO) from three plants, Labrador tea (Rhododendron groenlandicum [Oeder] Kron & Judd), peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.), and winter savory (Satureja montana L.), were investigated for their effects on growth, biofilm formation and killing, and VSC production by F. nucleatum. Moreover, their biocompatibility with oral keratinocytes was investigated. Using a broth microdilution assay, winter savory EO and to a lesser extent Labrador tea and peppermint EO showed antibacterial activity against F. nucleatum. A treatment of pre-formed biofilms of F. nucleatum with EO also significantly decreased bacterial viability as determined by a luminescence assay monitoring adenosine triphosphate production. The EO were found to permeabilize the bacterial cell membrane, suggesting that it represents the target of the tested EO. The three EO under investigation were able to dose-dependently reduce VSC production by F. nucleatum. Lastly, no significant loss of cell viability was observed when oral keratinocytes were treated with the EO at concentrations effective against F. nucleatum. This study supports the potential of Labrador tea, peppermint, and winter savory EO as promising agents to control halitosis and promote oral health.
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Poormoradi, Banafsheh, Leila Gholami, Reza Fekrazad, Amirarsalan Hooshyarfard, Ali Reza Noorani, Zahra Loft Haghpanah, and Maryam Farhadian. "Comparison of the Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser and Halita Mouthwash on Oral Malodor in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 12, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): e26-e26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.26.
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Introduction: Periodontal disease and tongue coatings are among the major factors associated with oral malodor. The present study, comparatively evaluated the effects of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and Halita mouthwash as adjunctive treatments to nonsurgical periodontal debridement on oral malodor reduction in chronic periodontitis patients. Methods: Sixty patients with stage II and III chronic periodontitis and bad breath. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=30). After conventional scaling and root planing, patients in group 1 underwent Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase; Biolase, San Clemente, CA, USA) irradiation of the internal surface of the pockets ( 1.5 W, 30 Hz, 20% A, 40% W) and the dorsum of the tongue (1 W, 30 Hz, 20% A, 40% W) immediately after SRP and on the third and seventh days. Group 2 patients were asked to use Halita mouthwash twice daily for one week. Baseline, 1 and 3-month post-treatment measurements of plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and organoleptic assessment of Halitosis severity were performed. Results: Significant improvement in all parameters was noted in both groups after 1 and 3 months, compared with baseline (P<0.05). The two groups had significant reductions which occurred in PPD, CAL and BOP levels and the organoleptic score in 1 and 3 months after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and Halita mouthwash as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy are both effective in the treatment of oral malodor and improvement of periodontal parameters.
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Lowe, Henry, Ngeh Toyang, Blair Steele, Joseph Bryant, Wilfred Ngwa, and Kaveh Nedamat. "The Current and Potential Application of Medicinal Cannabis Products in Dentistry." Dentistry Journal 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9090106.
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Oral and dental diseases are a major global burden, the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and may even affect an individual’s general quality of life and health. The most prevalent dental and oral health conditions are tooth decay (otherwise referred to as dental caries/cavities), oral cancers, gingivitis, periodontitis, periodontal (gum) disease, Noma, oro-dental trauma, oral manifestations of HIV, sensitive teeth, cracked teeth, broken teeth, and congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate. Herbs have been utilized for hundreds of years in traditional Chinese, African and Indian medicine and even in some Western countries, for the treatment of oral and dental conditions including but not limited to dental caries, gingivitis and toothaches, dental pulpitis, halitosis (bad breath), mucositis, sore throat, oral wound infections, and periodontal abscesses. Herbs have also been used as plaque removers (chew sticks), antimicrobials, analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, and antiseptics. Cannabis sativa L. in particular has been utilized in traditional Asian medicine for tooth-pain management, prevention of dental caries and reduction in gum inflammation. The distribution of cannabinoid (CB) receptors in the mouth suggest that the endocannabinoid system may be a target for the treatment of oral and dental diseases. Most recently, interest has been geared toward the use of Cannabidiol (CBD), one of several secondary metabolites produced by C. sativa L. CBD is a known anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic, anti-microbial and anti-cancer agent, and as a result, may have therapeutic potential against conditions such burning mouth syndrome, dental anxiety, gingivitis, and possible oral cancer. Other major secondary metabolites of C. sativa L. such as terpenes and flavonoids also share anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic and anti-microbial properties and may also have dental and oral applications. This review will investigate the potential of secondary metabolites of C. sativa L. in the treatment of dental and oral diseases.
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Fisher, Ruth M., Radoslaw J. Barczak, and Richard M. Stuetz. "Identification of odorant characters using GC-MS/O in biosolids emissions from aerobic and anaerobic stabilisation." Water Science and Technology 2017, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 736–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.245.
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Abstract Malodorous emissions from biosolids limit potential re-use opportunities. Emissions from anaerobically stabilised biosolids have been widely studied. In contrast, emissions from aerobically stabilised biosolids have not been well documented. Individual odorants in complex emissions can be detected using sensorial analysis methods, such as gas chromatography mass spectroscopy coupled with an odour detection port (GC-MS/O) where assessors sniff the GC effluent to identify odorants present. In this study, GC-MS/O was used to study and compare emissions from biosolids produced from aerobically and anaerobically stabilised biosolids from different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The WWTPs varied in size, catchments and dewatering technology. Three GC-MS/O assessors were used for the sensorial analysis. The identified odorants varied significantly between the two sites using aerobic stabilisation, in number of odour characters detected, as well as their intensity. Different odour characters were noted from biosolids generated at the aerobic digestion sites compared to characters from biosolids generated at the anaerobic digestion site. Biosolids from the aerobic digestion sites had medicinal, acrid or putrid type odours not noted from the anaerobic site. However, descriptors of biosolids emissions were commonly noted as: rotten vegetables, seaweed, garbage, garlic, or bad-breath. Many of the descriptors were associated with the presence of sulfur-type compounds. The importance of assessor variability was also highlighted in the paper where certain characters were not detected or were described differently by assessors.
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Turkyilmaz, Ilser. "Oral Manifestations of “Meth Mouth”: A Case Report." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 11, no. 1 (January 2010): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-11-1-73.
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Abstract Aim The aim of the documentation of this clinical case is to make clinicians aware of “meth mouth” and the medical risks associated with this serious condition. Background Methamphetamine is a very addictive, powerful stimulant that increases wakefulness and physical activity and can produce other effects such as cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, hallucinations, and violent behavior. Dental patients abusing methamphetamine can present with poor oral hygiene, xerostomia, rampant caries (“meth mouth”), and excessive tooth wear. Oral rehabilitation of patients using methamphetamine can be challenging. Case Description A 30-year-old Caucasian woman presented with dental pain, bad breath, and self-reported poor esthetics. A comprehensive examination including her medical history, panoramic radiograph, and intraoral examination revealed 19 carious lesions, which is not very common for a healthy adult. She reported her use of methamphetamine for five years and had not experienced any major carious episodes before she started using the drug. Summary The patient's medical and dental histories along with radiographic and clinical findings lead to a diagnosis of “meth mouth.” Although three different dental treatment modalities (either conventional or implantsupported) have been offered to the patient since August 2007, the patient has yet to initiate any treatment. Clinical Significance This clinical case showing oral manifestations of meth mouth was presented to help dental practitioners recognize and manage patients who may be abusing methamphetamines. Dental practitioners also may be skeptical about the reliability of appointment keeping by these patients, as they frequently miss their appointments without reasonable justification. Citation Turkyilmaz I. Oral Manifestations of “Meth Mouth”: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan; 11(1):073-080. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue1-turkyilmaz.
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Noviyanti, Amalia, I. Wayan Arya Krishnawan Firdaus, and Rahmad Arifin. "THE EFFECT OF IRONWOOD STEM BARK EXTRACT (Eusideroxylon zwageri) ON THE GROWTH OF Streptococcus mutans ON ACRYLIC RESIN DENTURE PLATE." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 6, no. 1 (May 11, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v6i1.10634.
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ABSTRACTBackground: Streptococcus mutans is plaque-forming initiator bacteria. Plaque on the surface base of denture can cause color changing, bad breath, inflammation, and infection called denture stomatitis. Denture hygiene must be maintained by denture soaking in 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. However, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconatethat used incessantly can cause side effects such as the changing of denture color and the fading of denture base pigmentation. The ironwood stem bark extract can be an alternative for denture cleanser material. Objectives: To analyze the effect of ironwood stem bark extract on the growth of Streptococcus mutans on heat cured type acrylic resin denture plate. Methods: True experimental laboratories research was used with post test only control group design using 9 treatment groups which are 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentration of ironwood stem bark extract, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and aquadest. The treatment was performed with 3 times repetition resulting in 27 total samples. Antibacterial activity was measured by calculating the bacteria colony number. Results: The 5% and 10% concentration of ironwood stem bark extract were effective in reducing Streptococcus mutans with30.3 CFU/ml and 10.3 CFU/ml average colony number. The ironwood stem bark extracts with 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentration are effective and equivalent to 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate against Streptococcus mutans with 0 CFU/ml average value. Conclusion: The 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% concentration of ironwood stem bark extract is equally effective as 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconatein killing Streptococcus mutans,exhibiting potential to be an alternative for denture cleanser material.Keyword: 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate, ironwood stem bark extract, acrylic resin denture plate heat cured type, Streptococcus mutans.
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Thamarai Selvi V T, Ezhilarasan D, and Brundha M P. "Impact of Liver Disease On Oral Health." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (November 24, 2020): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3886.
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The liver is the second-largest organ in the human body, which has the ability to regenerate after an injury or any inflammation. The liver diseases can be classified as an acute or chronic and infectious or non-infectious origin. Almost all the liver diseases produce oral manifestations like petechiae, Excessive bleeding in the cause of any minor trauma, inflammation. Oral Manifestation like gingival bleeding, glossitis, sialadenitis, hyposalivation are most commonly associated and perioral rashes, more prone to dental caries, Candidiasis are associated rarely with liver cirrhosis. Dry mouth, Sjogren syndrome both are commonly associated with all liver disease, hyposalivation leads to changes in the oral mucosa like alteration in taste, burning sensation in the tongue, bad breath etc., There are changes seen in oral mucosa, Candidiasis, fissured tongue, aphthous ulcers, bald tongue and halitosis due to compounds like Aliphatic acid, hydrogen sulfide, produced as a result of liver damage and they have a characteristic mousy odour. The common oral manifestations that are associated with Hepatocellular carcinoma include increased incidence of dental caries, loss of the tooth, Gingival bleeding, increased bone loss, chronic periodontitis, oral thrush, Candidiasis and oral lichen planus. Liver diseases have many implications in a dental setting and should carefully take a brief medical history. This study will provide better knowledge in understanding the association between liver disease and oral hygiene, Effective treatment planning in a dental setting also for liver diseased patients. Dental practitioners should know the oral manifestations commonly associated with liver diseases so that treatment can be accordingly made. With this background, the present study aims to review the impact of liver disease on oral health and its management in a dental setting.
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Gubergrits, N. B., N. V. Byelyayeva, A. Y. Klochov, G. M. Lukashevich, V. S. Rakhmetova, A. V. Yur’yeva, and L. A. Yaroshenko. "Halitosis syndrome in clinical practice." Herald of Pancreatic Club 42, no. 1 (February 19, 2019): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33149/vkp.2019.01.10.
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Definition of the medical term “halitosis” is presented in the article, historical aspects of its appearance are reviewed, probable prevalence of halitosis in the general population is indicated. Classification of halitosis with the allocation of its subtypes depending on the conditions of occurrence is given, the reasons for the development of true and false, physiological and pathological halitosis are analyzed. Various nosological items and pathological conditions are listed, the course of which may be accompanied by the appearance of bad breath. The influence of the emotional background on the occurrence of halitosis is described. The main substances, which metabolism is accompanied by the appearance of stomatodisodia, are named, the nature of unpleasant odors associated with the most common somatic diseases is indicated. The role of Helicobacter pylori, bacterial overgrowth and obesity syndrome in the development of halitosis is considered. The importance of a detailed collection of anamnesis and a thorough objective examination, as well as the exclusion of dental and otorhinolaryngological pathology in the implementation of a diagnostic search, were emphasized. The tactics of the doctor’s actions while treating patients with halitosis is outlined, the features of the intra-syndromic and nosological diagnostics are considered, the methods for performing the olfactory test, taking scrapings from the tonsils and the back of the tongue are described. The main directions of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment of halitosis are listed, hygiene of oral cavity and dentures, modification of the usual diet are emphasized, the appropriateness of timely application of combined antiseptic solutions and the possibility of systemic antibacterial therapy are stressed.
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Yarina, I. N. "ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS’ EXAMINATION WITH UNSATISFACTORY ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT RESULTS OF HARD TISSUES OF TEETH AND DENTAL ROWS OF NON-REMOVABLE DENTURES." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2018.07.
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Nowadays, the problem of prosthetic with non-removable orthopedic structures is quite common and is widely described in domestic and foreign literature. Prosthetics of non-removable structures of prosthetics has a number of advantages: complete rehabilitation of biting function, chewing efficiency, aesthetic norm of a smile. Invisible prosthesis designs, usually small in size, have a short period of psychological and physiological adaptation, which has a good reflection on their long-term use by the patient.
The examination of dental patients in the clinic of orthopedic dentistry with unsatisfactory results of prosthetic dentures after 5 years with orthopedic treatment allowed to highlight the main indicators of inapplicability regarding the further use of dentures in terms of biocompatibility, mechanical strength and aesthetic properties.
The main aim of the study was to improve the quality of patients’ treatment by identifying the causes of treatment complications by an orthopedist using the method of comparative analysis during the examination of patients with unsatisfactory results of dentures using permanent dentures.
To identify the causes of complications of orthopedic treatment, a clinical examination of patients with unsatisfactory results of treatment with permanent constructions of dentures on a cast base was performed. The criteria for evaluation were the following indicators: bad breath, gums pain and bleeding, pain and mobility of the supporting teeth, pain under the intermediate part, metallic taste, pain in the blood vessel, darkening of the lining, chipping the lining, obscuring gums, excessive abrasion, and cleavage. From anamnesis and records in the history of the disease, the period of difficulty was determined.
Our research results indicate that a significant part of ineffective treatment is due to the wrong choice of auxiliary and structural materials. Given that the choice of materials is performed arbitrarily, in almost half of cases, taking into account the wishes of patients and their financial capabilities, including the physical, mechanical and clinical and technological characteristics of dental materials, in our opinion, it is necessary to create a computer model of rational choice of material, therapeutic and prophylactic measures to improve the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment for patients with defects in hard tissues of teeth and dentition with non-removable structures.
The complex of the following studies will allow the orthopedic dentist to continue improving the quality of patients’ treatment at the clinical stages of treatment with non-removable dentures.
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Simuntis, Regimantas, Justinas Vaitkus, Ričardas Kubilius, Evaldas Padervinskis, Paulius Tušas, Marijus Leketas, Nora Šiupšinskienė, and Saulius Vaitkus. "Comparison of Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 Symptom Scores in Rhinogenic and Odontogenic Sinusitis." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 33, no. 1 (October 12, 2018): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892418804975.
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Background Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) and rhinogenic sinusitis (RS) are the main types of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and have a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL), but the difference in HRQL and symptom presentation between them has not been specifically evaluated to date. Obejctive: Our aim was to compare patterns of symptoms and HRQL disease-specific domains in patients affected with these 2 types of CRS. Methods A group of 201 patients with CRS (99 with rhinogenic and 102 with odontogenic origin) completed the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire before treatment. Data sets were analyzed by using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify a set of symptom components together with the items excluded from PCA, which were then analyzed for differences between patients with OMS and RS. Results PCA of SNOT-22 items identified 5 components: “rhinologic,” “extranasal rhinologic,” “ear/facial,” “sleep and functional disturbance,” and “emotional disturbance.” Sneezing was excluded from PCA and treated as separate outcome variable and was significantly worse in RS patients. Patients with OMS scored significantly higher scores with regard to emotional disturbance, while RS patients scored significantly worse in sleep and functional disturbance. The extra symptom “malodor” was the most different symptom and was significantly worse in OMS patients. The total SNOT-22 score was not significantly different between the groups. Conclusion With controlling of covariates that may influence the severity of the disease, this study showed some significant differences in symptom patterns and HRQL impairment between patients with OMS and RS. Malodor is the most characteristic feature of OMS. Therefore, OMS should always be suspected in patients complaining of bad breath.
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Bezshapochny, Sergey B., Valery V. Loburets, Andrey V. Loburets, O. R. Dzhirov, and Olexander G. Podovzhny. "Options for local therapy of chronic tonsillopharyngitis to achieve a long-term remission." OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, no. 3(3) 2020 (July 20, 2020): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37219/2528-8253-2020-3-38.
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Topicality: Chronic tonsillopharyngitis is one of the most common diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Although more and more physicians are preferring modern non-surgical treatments and abandoning the use of surgery to treat chronic compensated tonsillopharyngitis, there is still no consensus on approaches to conservative therapy. One of the modern methods of controlling the microflora of the oral cavity is the use of lantibiotics. This creates competitive pressure of endogenous opportunistic flora and viruses, preventing episodes of disease recurrence. The relevance of our study is due to the need to optimize and improve pharmacotherapy, not only during the exacerbation of the disease, but also to form a stable remission, which will significantly improve the quality of life of patients. Materials and methods: A total of 36 patients were observed in the study, who were divided into two groups with different treatments. Group 1 received classical therapy, including local sanitation of the tonsils by was hing the gaps with NaCl solution 0.9% daily from the first visit until the 7th day and taking topical combination drugs (antiseptic, local nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug – benzydamine) for 1 tab. 3 times a day for 7 days. Group 2, if necessary, received washing the lacunae of the tonsils with a solution of 0.9% NaCl, and took an oral probiotic Baсtoblis (S. salivarius K12) 1 tab. at night for 1 month according to the instructions. The McIsaac scale and microbiological examination of pharyngeal smears were used to establish the clinical diagnosis. Results: On the seventh day of treatment, there is a rapid improvement in the well being of patients in both groups. In the first group there is a more effective elimination of pain symptoms and in the second group of bad breath. However, at the time of the 16th week from the start of treatment, in the first group due to more frequent recurrences of the disease, there is a significant deterioration in all indicators. The results of the microbiological study revealed a significant reduction in the colonization of the oropharyngeal cavity by pathogenic strains of staphylococci and Escherichia coli in group 2 at 16 weeks after treatment. Conclusion: Based of the study, it can be concluded tht bacterial therapy has shown significant effectiveness in achieving long-term remission in contrast to the other study group, which was effective only during the acute period of the disease.
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Lyamin, Y. S., Yu S. Fedorova, P. V. Kulpin, N. I. Suslov, and D. V. Kucheryavyi. "Comparison between the efficacy plant and synthetic origin dental products in the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis." Kazan medical journal 101, no. 1 (February 11, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-25.
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Aim. Comparative clinical study of hygienic dental product of plant origin based -mangostin [1,3,6-Trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one], a xanthone from mangosteen fruit, having antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity in the treatment of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis.
Methods. The study included 319 patients aged 22 to 45 years. All patients were divided into two groups: the control group 20 people (males 40%, females 60%), average age 34.88.00 years; the comparison group 20 people (males 45%, females 55%), average age 35.07.10 year; the main group 20 people (males 40%, females 60%), average age 34.97.86 years. There were no statistically significant differences between all groups (p 0.05). The nosological form of the disease in the studied patients is chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis (K05.1). Treatment in all groups was carried out using the standard regimen of complex therapy of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis. Therapy of the main group patients was supplemented by the use of the hygienic gel containing 1% -mangostin [1,3,6-Trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one], whereas treatment of the comparison group patients was supplemented by the complex preparation containing 1% metronidazole and 0.25% chlorhexidine digluconate. The dental examination included a questionnaire with the registration of subjective data (patient complaints) and objective data on the state of the tissues of the mouth (index score) before and after therapy, as well as the dynamics of the indicators fixing during the entire treatment.
Results. The performing a comparative study of the treatment effectiveness of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis, using a dental hygienic gel containing 1% -mangostin [1,3,6-Trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one] as a part of complex therapy in comparison with the standard complex treatment regimen supplemented by dental product containing 1% metronidazole and 0.25% chlorhexidine digluconate, showed a marked improvement in subjective quality of life of patients. Pain during individual oral hygiene and food intake (decrease to 0%, p1 0.05, p2 0.05), a feeling of bursting in the gum (decrease to 0%, p1 0.05, p2 0.05), bad breath (decrease to 0%, p1 0.05, p2 0.05) and bleeding gums (decrease to 0%, p1 0.05, p2 0.05) were completely eliminated. Compared to the control group, OHI-S index of the main group decreased by 79% (from 1.9 to 0.4, p1 0.001, p2 0.001), PI index decreased by 80.6% (from 3.1 to 0.6, p1 0.001, p2 0.001) and SBI index decreased by 100% (from 3 to 0, p1 0.001, p2 0.001). During the course of treatment of patients with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis, a decrease in the average values of the PMA index was observed. In the group of patients using hygienic gel as a supplement to treatment, the decrease in this index was 85% (from 651.53 to 100.82%; p1 0.001, p2 0.05), and when using a complex drug containing 1% metronidazole and 0.25% chlorhexidine digluconate, the value of the PMA index decreased by 51% (from 611.17 to 301.4%; p1 0.001), in the control group, the index value decreased by 28% (from 671.67 to 481.26%; p1 0.001).
Conclusion. In assessing of the subjective quality of life and index indicators of the periodontal status in the treatment of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis, the best results were observed in the group using a dental hygiene gel based on -mangostin [1,3,6-Trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9H-xanthen-9-one], a xanthone from mangosteen fruit, compared with the control group and the group using a complex drug (1% metronidazole and 0.25% chlorhexidine digluconate).
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Lorensia, Amelia, Zullies Ikawati, Tri Murti Andayani, Daniel Maranatha, and Rizki Amalia. "Membandingkan Kejadian Gangguan Gastrointestinal Penggunaan Aminofilin dan Salbutamol pada Pasien Eksaserbasi Asma di Surabaya." KELUWIH: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/kesdok.v1i1.2487.
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Abstract—Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, which is characterized by inflammation of the respiratory tract with respiratory classification such as wheezing, shortness of breath, distress in the chest and coughing over time and intensity with variations in expiratory air flow. In Indonesia the prevalence of asthma is uncertain, it is not estimated that 2-5% of Indonesia's population has asthma. The main objective of this study is to study gastrointestinal-related cases of the use of aminophylline and salbutamol in asthma exacerbation patients in hospitals in Surabaya and also to discuss gastrointestinal problems related to ADRs (Bad Drug Reactions) using the use of aminophylline and salbutamol on Naranjo scale. In this study using the Quasi Experimental method. This research was conducted in October 2014 to February 2015. The results of the study of 7 samples obtained 14.29% using ADR from the use of aminophylline and from 13 patients in the use of salbutamol was not found ADR can be used in accordance with the existing salbutamol in patients with asthma exacerbations at hospitals in Surabaya. The general benefits of this study are useful in monitoring the treatment of acute asthma patients who need salbutamol and theophylline therapy so as to reduce the incidence of ADR.
Abstrak—Asma merupakan penyakit heterogen, yang ditandai dengan peradangan saluran napas kronis dengan disertai riwayat gejala pernapasan seperti mengi, sesak napas, rasa tertekan di dada dan batuk dari waktu ke waktu dan intensitas dengan variasi keterbatasan aliran udara ekspirasi. Di Indonesia prevalensi asma belum diketahui secara pasti, namun diperkirakan 2-5 % penduduk Indonesia menderita asma. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal pada penggunaan aminofilin dan salbutamol pada pasien eksaserbasi asma di Rumah Sakit di Surabaya serta mengetahui kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal terkait ADRs (Adverse Drug Reaction) akibat penggunaan aminofilin dan salbutamol berdasarkan penilaian Naranjo scale. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi Eksperimental. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2014 sampai Februari 2015. Hasil penelitian dari 7 sampel diperoleh 14,29% mengalami ADR dari penggunaan aminofilin dan dari 13 pasien pada pengguanaan salbutamol tidak ditemukan ADR sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kejadian gangguan gastrointestinal pada penggunaan aminofilin dan salbutamol pada pasien eksaserbasi asma di Rumah Sakit di Surabaya. Manfaat umum dari penelitian ini adalah berguna dalam monitoring pengobatan pasien asma akut terutama yang mendapat terapi salbutamol dan teofilin sehingga dapat mengurangi angka kejadian ADR.
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Williams, Loretta A., Araceli Garcia-Gonzalez, Hycienth O. Ahaneku, Jorge E. Cortes, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Tito R. Mendoza, et al. "A Patient-Reported Outcome Measure for Symptoms and Symptom Burden of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2094.2094.
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Abstract Background: Patient report of disease- and treatment-related symptom burden in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is scarce. Symptom burden is the combined impact of disease and treatment symptoms on daily functioning. Lack of recognition and monitoring of symptoms and symptom burden can lead to inadequate management and possible treatment non-adherence. Aims: Our aim is to develop a short, valid, reliable patient-reported outcome measure of symptoms and symptom burden experienced by AML and MDS patients and to determine the validity of a single measure for research and practice. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, patients with AML (N=152) and MDS (N=97) were recruited to this cross-sectional study. Patients rated the 13 core symptom items (pain, fatigue, nausea, disturbed sleep, distress, shortness of breath, trouble remembering, lack of appetite, drowsiness, dry mouth, sadness, vomiting, and numbness and tingling), 6 proposed AML/MDS symptom items (muscle weakness, malaise, fever, headache, diarrhea, skin problems), and 6 interference items (general activities, mood, work, relations with others, walking, and enjoyment of life) of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) on 0-to-10 scales (0 = not present or no interference; 10 = as bad as can be imagined or complete interference) twice 1-2 days apart. Clinical and demographic information was collected from medical records and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Means of the symptom and interference ratings for the AML and MDS patients were compared using T-tests. Standard psychometric techniques were used to determine the reliability, stability, and validity of the instrument in patients with AML and MDS. Results: All MDS patients were outpatients while 75 of the AML patients were inpatients and 77 were outpatients. The AML and MDS patients had been diagnosed a mean of 13.8 months (standard deviation [SD]=23.9) and 30.5 months (SD=32.4) respectively. The mean (Mn) symptom and interference ratings respectively for the AML inpatients (Mn=2.8, SD=1.6; Mn=4.0, SD=2.4) were significantly higher than for the AML outpatients (Mn=1.8, SD=1.4, p<0.01; Mn=2.7, SD=2.3, p<0.01) or MDS patients (Mn=1.9, SD=1.5, p<0.01; Mn=2.7, SD=2.5, p<0.01). The mean ratings for the 5 most severe symptom means for AML and MDS patients respectively were: fatigue (Mn=4.0, SD=2.8; Mn=4.0, SD=2.5; p =0.97), disturbed sleep (Mn=3.3, SD=3.2; Mn=2.7, SD=3.3; p=0.19), drowsiness (Mn=3.0, SD=2.8; Mn=2.8, SD=3.1; p=0.70), muscle weakness (Mn=2.9, SD=2.8; Mn=2.9, SD=3.0; p=0.91), dry mouth for AML patients (Mn=3.4, SD=3.2; Mn=2.2,SD=2.8; p<0.01), and shortness of breath for MDS patients (Mn=2.7, SD=2.8; 1.9, SD=2.3; p=0.02). Two of the 6 AML/MDS symptom items (fever and headache) were dropped because so few patients said they experienced the symptoms at more than a mild (0-4 rating) level (12% and 11% respectively). Both groups of patients endorsed similar symptoms, and none of the means of the 4 final AML/MDS symptoms were significantly different between the groups. Cronbach's reliability for all symptom items for AML and MDS respectively were 0.88 and 0.91 and for all interference items were 0.86 and 0.92. The test-retest reliability intra-class correlations were 0.85 for the core symptoms, 0.77 for AML/MDS symptoms, and 0.84 for the interference items. The MDASI-AML/MDS can be completed by patients in less than 5 minutes. Conclusion/Summary: Lack of recognition of symptoms experienced by patients with AML and MDS can lead to inadequate management of symptoms, interfere with the ability of patients to function and enjoy life, and impact the tolerability of and adherence to treatment regimens. While the symptoms experienced by the two groups had some variation in severity, a similar group of symptoms were the most common and relevant for both groups of patients, and the same measure was appropriate for both groups. The MDASI-AML/MDS is a brief, easily-completed, and validated measure of symptom burden for patients with AML and MDS that can be used for accurate and consistent monitoring of symptoms by clinicians and researchers. Disclosures Williams: Amgen: Consultancy; Novartis: Research Funding. Cortes:Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; BerGenBio AS: Research Funding; Teva: Research Funding; Ariad: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astellas: Consultancy, Research Funding; Ambit: Consultancy, Research Funding; Arog: Research Funding; Celator: Research Funding; Jenssen: Consultancy. Mendoza:Amgen Inc.: Consultancy. Shi:Amgen Inc.: Consultancy. Cleeland:Amgen Inc.: Consultancy.
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Suryono, Suryono. "Pengaruh Cara Aplikasi Pasta Gigi Herbal terhadap Produksi Volatile Sulfur Compound." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.9122.
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Volatile Sulfur Compound (VSC) merupakan komponen gas yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri dalam rongga mulut, terdiri dari Hidrogen sulfide, Methyl Mercaptan dan Dimethyl Sulfide. Ketiga komponen gas tersebut sering digunakan sebagai indikator untuk menilai status bau mulut seseorang. Pasta gigi berbasis herbal telah dilaporkan pada penelitian sebelumnya mampu menghambat pertumbuhan kuman penyebab penyakit periodontal. Bakteri plak dalam rongga mulut dapat dikurangi melalui cara gosok gigi dan/atau penggunaan material antiseptik. Dua kelompok subjek terpilih diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan pasta gigi herbal dengan cara yang berbeda, kelompok pertama dengan cara menggosok gigi dengan pasta gigi herbal sesuai dengan cara yang sudah biasa mereka lakukan dan kelompok ke-2 diberikan perlakuan dengan cara mengoleskan pasta herbal di daerah molar kiri dan kanan rahang atas. Pengambilan sampel nafas dilakukan sebelum perlakuan, 5 menit dan 2 jam paska menggosok gigi atau mengoles pasta herbal. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pasta gigi herbal dengan cara sikat gigi maupun pengolesan memiliki pola yang sama pada masing-masing komponen gas sulfur yaitu peningkatan pada lima menit paska aplikasi kemudian menurun pada 2 jam paska aplikasi. Pasta gigi herbal yang diaplikasikan dengan cara gosok gigi maupun dengan cara pengolesan mempengaruhi kadar VSC yaitu yaitu menurunkan kadar Hydrogen sulfide, relatif stabil kadar methyl mercaptan dan terjadi peningkatan kadar dimethyl sulfide. Pasta gigi berbasis herbal dapat digunakan dengan cara sikat gigi maupun pengolesan untuk menurunkan kadar gas VSC, khususnya Hydrogen sulfide pada subjek normal.Effect of Herbal Toothpaste Application Method on Production of Volatile Sulfur Compound. Volatile sulfur compound (VSC) is a component of the gas produced by bacteria in the oral cavity, consisting of hydrogen sulfide,methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide. This gas is often used as an indicator to assess the status of bad breath. Herbalbased dental paste has been reported in previous studies to inhibit the growth of germs that cause periodontal disease. Plaque Bacteria in the oral cavity can be reduced by tooth brushing and/or the use of antiseptic material. Two groups of subjects chosen were given treatment using herbal toothpaste in different ways: the first group was by brushing teeth with herbal toothpaste the way they usually do it and the second group was given the treatment by applying herbal paste in the left and right molar region of maxilla. The sampling was performed before treatment, 5 minutes and 2 hours after brushing teeth or applying herbal paste. The result of the experiment indicates that the use of herbal toothpaste with toothbrush and applying method has the same pattern on each component of the sulfur gas that is an increase after five minutes post-application and then a decrease after 2 hours post-application. Herbal toothpaste which is applied by means of brushing or by applying to the teeth affected the levels of VSC components; the level of Hydrogen sulfide decreased, the level of methyl mercaptan was relatively stable, and the level of dimethyl sulfide increased. Herbal toothpaste can be used in a common brushing way or by applying it to the teeth to reduce the levels of VSC gases, especially Hydrogen sulfide in normal subjects.
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PAPADIMITRIOU (Σ. ΠΑΠΑΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΥ), S., A. THOMAS (Α. ΘΩΜΑΣ), and M. KOUKI (Μ. ΚΟΥΚΗ). "Dental problems in rabbits and rodents." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 59, no. 3 (November 22, 2017): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14960.
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As the number of pet rabbits and rodents has raised lately, veterinarians have to cope with various medical conditions that affect them and especially those concerning their teeth in everyday practice. Rabbits', guinea pigs and chinchillas whole dentition and the incisors of the rest of the rodents are known as elodont teeth. Malocclusion, which is the most common dental condition seen in those animals occurs due to a combination of several factors and inappropriate diets. The owners frequently fail to recognize their pets' dental disease in time. Consequently, when they are finally presented to the vet, their condition is difficult to be treated and their life is in danger. The examination of the oral cavity should preferably be made under general anaesthesia. Radiological assessment is also essential in order to acquire valuable information about the teeth, roots and facial bones. As mentioned before, malocclusion is the most common dental problem that rabbits and small rodents experience whereas cheekteeth malocclusion is the most frequently recognized problem in guinea pigs and chinchillas. The common factors that contribute are: genetic predisposition (prognathism or brachygnathism), trauma and metabolic disorders. The symptoms vary from difficulty in mastication, bad breath, lesions of the tongue and oral mucosa to facial swelling, abscesses, fistulisation, ocular disease etc. Usually there are also symptoms regarding the animal's general health such as lack of appetite, emaciation and alternation of the feaces' composition. Treatment is both surgical and pharmaceutical. Occlusal equilibration may be accomplished by burring. If this is not possible, the extraction of all the incisors is recommended. In case of an abscess, debridement and extraction of the responsible tooth (usually affecting cheek teeth) is advised. Moreover, antibiotics and analgesics-antinflammatory drugs are of great help. The selection of the appropriate antibiotic should be based on aerobic and anaerobic culture and sensitivity, especially in case of an abscess. The most common antibiotics prescribed are enrofloxacin, Oxytetracycline, doxycycline, amicasin and metronidazole. The most common analgesics are opioids (e.g. fentanyl, buprenorphine, butorphanol) and NSAIDs (e.g. carprofen, meloxicam). Small mamals who are suffering from dental disease have to be treated very cautiously because of their being sensitive by nature. Especially rabbits and guinea pigs are very sensitive to the protracted loss of appetite. The preanaesthetic management is also critical. The complete blood count and serum biochemical analysis, especially in dehydrated and undernourished patients is imperative to be measured, as the iv administration of normal saline or dextrose serum and electrolytes is often needed. There is a positive correlation between feeding the animals on balanced diets (especially in calcium) and avoidance of dental problems. Therefore, prevention could be managed via the combination of appropriate diets and proper advising of the owners. The diet should consist of hay, straws and small quantities of cereals. The veterinarian should inform the owners about proper management of their pet, feeding and periodical examinations that should be done in order to prevent these pathological conditions.
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Williams, Loretta A., Hycienth Ahaneku, Jorge E. Cortes, Guillermo Garcia Manero, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Qiuling Shi, Huei-Kai Lin, Achala R. Limaye, and Charles S. Cleeland. "Comparison of Symptom Burden in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 2652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2652.2652.
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Abstract Objective: Patient report of symptom burden from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is scarce. Symptom burden is the combined impact of symptoms from disease and treatment on daily functioning. We are developing a measure of symptom burden in AML and MDS. The purpose of this interim analysis is to compare the symptom burden of patients with AML and MDS. Methods: Patients with AML or MDS rated the 13 core symptom items, 6 proposed AML/MDS-specific symptom items, and 6 interference items of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory on a 0-10 scale (0 = not present or no interference; 10 = as bad as can be imagined or complete interference). Patient clinical and demographic information was collected from medical records. The symptom burden of AML/MDS was determined and compared using descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results: Mean ages of the 45 AML patients and 48 MDS patients were 62.4 (standard deviation [SD] = 11.3) and 68.5 years (SD = 9.2; p = 0.005), respectively; 61% and 60% (p = not significant), respectively, were male; 76% and 92% (p = 0.043), respectively, were white. The composite mean severity score of the core symptom items was 2.75 (SD = 1.58) and 1.84 (SD = 1.52; p = 0.006), the composite mean of the AML/MDS specific items was 2.51 (SD = 1.87) and 1.49 (1.60; p = 0.005), and the composite mean score of the interference items was 3.96 (SD = 2.72) and 2.81 (SD = 2.69; p = 0.042) for the AML and MDS patients, respectively. The means, ranks, significance of difference in ratings, and prevalence of the individual symptom and interference items for the AML and MDS patients are in Table 1. Cronbach α for all symptom items was 0.94 and for all interference items was 0.92. Conclusions: Patients with AML and MDS experience similar symptoms. However, patients with AML report significantly more severe pain, fatigue, nausea, lack of appetite, dry mouth, vomiting, fever, and headache than patients with MDS. Only prevalence of shortness of breath and diarrhea was higher in MDS patients, but there was no difference in reported mean severity of these symptoms. Except for general activity, rating of symptom interference with daily activities is similar for the two groups. Lack of recognition of symptoms experienced by patients with AML and MDS can lead to inadequate management of symptoms, interfere with patients' ability to function and enjoy life, and impact the tolerability of and adherence to treatment regimens. Validation of this measure of symptom burden for patients with AML and MDS to allow more accurate and consistent monitoring of symptoms by clinicians and in clinical research is ongoing. Table 1. Individual MDASI Item Means and Significance for AML and MDS Patients Core Symptom Items N Mean SD p-value Rank Prevalence (%) Pain MDS 48 2.00 2.760 0.009* 9 58 AML 45 3.69 3.309 3 69 Fatigue MDS 47 3.45 2.947 0.037* 1 79 AML 45 4.69 2.653 1 91 Nausea MDS 48 .50 1.368 <0.001* 17 23 AML 45 2.67 3.233 9 58 Disturbed Sleep MDS 48 2.38 3.050 0.124 4 56 AML 45 3.38 3.172 7 71 Distress MDS 48 2.19 2.498 0.476 7 63 AML 45 2.56 2.455 10 71 Shortness of Breath MDS 48 2.15 2.518 0.543 8 65 AML 45 1.84 2.215 17 53 Problems Remembering MDS 48 1.94 2.025 0.663 10 71 AML 45 2.13 2.292 14 71 Lack of Appetite MDS 48 1.33 2.035 <0.001* 13 48 AML 45 3.73 3.460 2 76 Drowsiness MDS 48 2.85 3.032 0.187 2 71 AML 45 3.69 3.021 3 78 Dry Mouth MDS 48 2.31 2.746 0.045* 6 69 AML 44 3.59 3.223 5 73 Sadness MDS 48 1.83 2.127 0.394 11 60 AML 45 2.22 2.255 11 73 Vomiting MDS 48 0.00 0.000 0.009* 19 0 AML 45 .73 1.912 19 22 Numbness or Tingling MDS 48 1.08 2.071 .712 15 33 AML 45 .93 1.814 18 33 AML/MDS-Specific Symptom Items Malaise MDS 48 2.46 2.843 0.133 3 65 AML 46 3.35 2.838 8 78 Fever MDS 48 .50 1.544 0.006* 18 19 AML 46 1.91 3.002 16 41 Headache MDS 48 .81 1.483 0.011* 16 35 AML 46 2.22 3.339 11 44 Diarrhea MDS 48 1.56 2.567 0.512 12 48 AML 46 1.96 3.211 15 41 Muscle Weakness MDS 48 2.35 2.899 0.063 5 60 AML 46 3.43 2.664 6 83 Rash or Skin Problems MDS 48 1.23 2.469 0.065 14 38 AML 46 2.22 2.666 11 59 Interference Items General Activity MDS 46 3.20 3.449 0.031* 3 65 AML 46 4.83 3.696 2 80 Mood MDS 48 2.38 2.687 0.066 5 65 AML 44 3.48 2.984 5 80 Work MDS 48 3.54 3.638 0.086 1 67 AML 46 4.87 3.781 1 78 Relations with Others MDS 48 1.69 2.683 0.154 6 48 AML 46 2.54 3.082 6 52 Walking MDS 48 2.88 3.112 0.275 4 71 AML 46 3.57 2.971 4 78 Enjoyment of Life MDS 48 3.21 3.261 0.055 2 73 AML 46 4.54 3.397 3 80 * Significant at p < 0.05. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Nazha, Aziz, Loretta A. Williams, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Patricia S. Ault, Araceli Garcia-Gonzalez, Janet L. Williams, Alexandra Probst, et al. "Fatigue in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Patients (pts) Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI),." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 3785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3785.3785.
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Abstract Abstract 3785 Background: Despite the excellent outcome for most patients (pts) with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), many experience chronic adverse events that compromise their quality of life and require multiple drug interruptions and discontinuations. Fatigue is one of the most common chronic problems among pts with CML treated with TKIs. Objectives: To investigate the pt characteristics and outcome of pts with CML treated with TKIs that report higher levels of fatigue versus pts reporting lower levels of fatigue. Material and Method: We conducted a prospective, questionnaire-based study of pts with CML who were treated at our institution between March 2010 and May 2011. Pts were eligible if they were 18 years of age or older, were able to speak and read English, and were diagnosed with chronic phase (CP), Philadelphia chromosome-positive CML, confirmed by pathological and cytogenetic analysis. Pts with a history or recent diagnosis of CML in accelerated or blastic phase and pts with an active diagnosis of psychosis or severe cognitive impairment were excluded. Subjects completed the 26-item MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for CML multiple times over 6 months, including at baseline, three months, and six months. Symptoms, including fatigue, were rated on a severity scale from 0–10 (with 10 being as bad as could be imagined). Descriptive statistics, Fisher Exact test, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. Result: A total of 148 pts were included in the analysis. The mean fatigue score for the overall sample was 2.95 (sd [standard deviation]=2.619). The median age was 52 yrs (range (r)=21–81). 138 patients received their current TKI for a median of 43 months (r=0–125) at the time of the first assessment. 2/138(1%) pts were receiving their initial therapy for CML and 82/138(59%) were receiving a TKI after failure of prior therapies. Pts were divided into two groups by trajectory analysis including a low fatigue group (LFG) with a mean fatigue score of 1.34 (sd=0.213) and a high fatigue group (HFG) with a mean score of 4.59 (sd=0.446). Median age was 53 (r=25–81) and 52 (r=21–78) yrs for the LFG and HFG respectively (P=0.48). Gender (P=0.69), race (P=0.25), education (P=0.15), and employment status (P=0.06) were not significantly correlated with group membership. Marital status was significantly correlated with group membership (P=0.007). More unmarried pts were in the HFG than in the LFG, and more married or partnered patients were in the LFG than HFG. Pts in the HFG had significantly higher scores of many symptoms such as pain (P=0.00001), disturbed sleep (P=0.00001), shortness of breath (P=0.0001), sadness (0.00003), swelling (0.0004), muscle soreness (P=0.00001), and malaise (P=0.00001) than pts in the LFG, but not higher scores of other symptoms such as diarrhea (P=0.07) and skin rash (P=0.22). There was no significant correlation with fatigue group membership for pts receiving imatinib (35 pts in LFG, 32 in HFG), dasatinib (18 pts in LFG, 17 pts in HFG), bosutinib (3 pts in LFG,4 pts in HFG), or other treatments (5 pts in LFG, 8 pts in HFG), but there was a trend for LFG membership for pts receiving nilotinib (18,8). Imatinib dose (high >400 mg daily; low ≤400 mg daily) was not significantly correlated with fatigue group membership (P=0.10). Pts who had good response to therapy at the time of the assessment (defined by a complete cytogenetic response and major or complete molecular response during study period) had similar fatigue group membership compared to the pts without good response. 124 pts had documented follow up at 3 months and 120 pts at 6 months. Mean fatigue score for the entire sample was 2.95 (sd=2.619) at baseline, 2.79 (sd=2.526) at 3 month, and 2.53 (sd=2.286) at 6 month. LFG mean fatigue scores were 1.33, 1.32, and 1.27 respectively. HFG mean fatigue scores were significantly higher (all P<0.01) at 4.81, 4.57, and 4.07 respectively. Conclusion: The HFG had higher severity levels of other symptoms of pain, sleep disturbance, shortness of breath, sadness, swelling, muscle soreness, and malaise. Neither disease status nor treatment with different TKIs correlated with fatigue group membership. Marital status was the only socio-demographic variable that was correlated with fatigue group membership. Further possible determinants of fatigue severity and longer follow up studies are needed in future analyses. Disclosures: Williams: Novartis: Research Funding. Ault:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau. Cortes:Pfiser: Consultancy, Research Funding; Ariad: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Williams, Loretta A., Patricia S. Ault, Araceli Garcia-Gonzalez, Furong Huang, Mary L. Sailors, Charles S. Cleeland, and Jorge E. Cortes. "Relationship of Patient-Reported Symptoms to Daily Functioning in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 4260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4260.4260.
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Abstract Abstract 4260 Objective: Patients with chronic-phase, Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy experience symptoms. We investigated the association between patient-reported symptom severity and longitudinal levels of interference with daily functioning. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive, longitudinal study, 156 patients with CML rated the 20 symptom items (13 core cancer and 7 CML-specific symptom items) and 6 interference items of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory for CML (MDASI-CML), on a 0-to-10 scale (0 = not present or no interference; 10 = as bad as can be imagined or complete interference) every 2 weeks for 1 year. Group-based trajectory analysis was used to describe the longitudinal patient-reported interference of symptoms with daily functioning. We used univariate mixed modeling to describe the relationship between symptom severity at time of study entry and patient-reported functional interference across time. These analyses were adjusted for patient factors (age, sex, race, marital status, employment, and time since diagnosis). Results: Mean participant age was 51.1 years (standard deviation [sd]=13.5) and mean years of education was 14.6 (sd=2.3); 72 participants (46%) were male; 116 (74%) were white non-Hispanic with 13 (8%) black non-Hispanic, 15 (9%) Hispanic, and 12 (8%) other races; 124 (80%) were married or lived with another adult; 92 (59%) were employed full or part time, 15 (10%) were homemakers, 26 (17%) were retired, 17 (11%) were on a medical leave of absence or medically disabled, and 6 (4%) were unemployed. Participants were mostly in the chronic phase of CML (95.5%), were receiving TKI therapy (98%), had been diagnosed for a mean of 6.1 years (sd=4.74), and been on TKI therapy for a mean of 4.1 years (sd=3.13) before study entry. Most participants had little evidence of disease with 123 (79%) having a complete cytogenetic response and 81 (52%) having a complete molecular response by polymerase chain reaction at time of study entry. Fatigue (mean=2.93, sd=2.67) was persistently the most severe symptom, followed by disturbed sleep (mean=2.19, sd=2.59), drowsiness (mean=2.07, sd=2.40), muscle cramping (mean=2.02, sd=2.46), and difficulty remembering (mean=1.81, sd=2.17). The highest interference reported was with work (mean=1.69, sd=2.41), followed by general activity (mean=1.67, sd=2.32) and mood (mean=1.50, sd=2.15). Trajectory analysis showed that 69 (43%) participants were in a higher interference group (mean interference=3.01, sd=1.60) and that the remaining 87 (54%) were in a distinctly lower interference group (mean=0.50, sd=0.44) (Figure 1). None of the demographic characteristics or time since diagnosis predicted patient interference scores. Eleven symptom scores at study entry significantly predicted interference scores (pain, p=0.0009; fatigue, p<0.0001; disturbed sleep, p< 0.0001; distress, p<0.0001; shortness of breath, p=0.0005; drowsiness, p=0.0003; dry mouth, p=0.0021; sadness, p=0.0092; peripheral edema, p=0.0049; muscle cramping, p=0.0099; malaise, p<0.0001). Participants with higher symptom severity at study entry had higher interference scores across time. Conclusions: Patients with CML, regardless of disease status, may still experience symptoms that interfere with daily functioning while on oral TKI therapy. Symptoms and their interference with daily functioning can be easily documented by routine assessment and deserve consideration in long-term treatment planning for these patients, as they may interfere with patient compliance with TKI therapy and affect quality of life for survivors with CML. Disclosures: Williams: Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Ault:Bristol Myers Squibb: Speakers Bureau. Cortes:Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis Pharmceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Ariad: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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"Bad breath assessment and treatment." Dental Abstracts 56, no. 6 (November 2011): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.denabs.2011.05.020.
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Abulwefa, Ahmed. "Bad Breath (Halitosis): Narrative Overview." Khalij-Libya Journal of Dental and Medical Research, May 15, 2020, 8–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47705/kjdmr.204103.
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Halitosis is a health condition associated with an unpleasant odor from the oral cavity. The origin of bad breath may be related to systemic and oral conditions, but the large percentage of cases (about 85%) are related to oral factors. Because of its personal nature it can cause social embarrassment and psychological distress. Different society culture diverges acutely starts from those who believe that bad breath is genetically determined to those who turn to use crude scented items or over-the-counter products to camouflage the bad breath to others who consider the bad breath condition taboo subject finds it difficult to discuss or considered a private matter. The measurement of odors will not be as long as Corona is before Corona. Advanced dental clinics and also younger adults are newly equipped with many types of digital halite-testing devices and mobile phone applications making the diagnosis easy, safe and time-consuming. A Halitus patient initially visits the general dental practitioner for the betterment of the condition and here the responsibility lies on the dentists to diagnose and manage the condition. Treatment program must therefore address educative, preventive, curative and symptomatic line. In this review article we tried to highlight the bad breath condition and illustrate definitions, terminology, prevalence, etiology, classification, new measurement methods and management protocols.
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Zhang, Shuang, Chang Liu, Chenzheng Zhang, Han Jiang, Baojun Tai, and Minquan Du. "Impact of COVID-19 on the oral health of adults in Wuhan and China: results of a nationwide online cross-sectional questionnaire survey." BMC Oral Health 21, no. 1 (March 26, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01533-z.
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Abstract Background COVID-19 has seriously threatened the health and lives of people. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the oral health of adults in Wuhan and other places of China amid the epidemic and to evaluate attitudes towards dental care in the post-epidemic period. Methods An online cross-sectional survey based on a questionnaire of 22 questions was conducted. Results A total of 3352 valid questionnaires were collected. Participants from Wuhan tended to be relatively psychologically affected and more concerned about future dental treatment. Toothbrushing frequency did not differ significantly between participants from Wuhan and other places and was associated with the prevalence of oral problems people encountered. Gingival bleeding, bad breath and oral ulcers were the three most common oral problems amid the epidemic, and significantly more participants in Wuhan experienced oral problems than other places in China. Conclusion The three most common oral problems amid the epidemic were gingival bleeding, bad breath and oral ulcers. Adults in Wuhan tended to be more seriously affected and suffered more oral problems than people from other places in China. Maintaining good oral health behaviours plays an important role in preventing dental problems. It is crucial to establish and to follow the standard guidelines for the provision of dental care during and after the epidemic.
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FARIAS, Daniel Rodrigues de, Rui Barbosa de BRITO JUNIOR, Arlete Maria Gomes OLIVEIRA, Luciane ZANIN, and Flávia Martão FLÓRIO. "Higher Education students from health and non-health subject areas: aspects of oral health." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 69 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372021001420190135.
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ABSTRACT Objetive To evaluate whether the area of study of undergraduate students influences oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices, in addition to the use of dental services, self-reported oral morbidity, self-perception and impacts of oral health. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed, with a probabilistic sample of 681 students from the second semester of a Higher Education Institution, who were allocated into Health (H; n = 347) and Non-Health (NH; n = 334) groups, and answered a questionnaire encompassing their sociodemographic profile and aspects of oral health. Data were analyzed by Fisher’s Chi-Square/Exact Test (α = 5%). Results The majority of students were female (H = 70.0%, NH = 56.9%, p = 0.0004), single (H = 82.7%, NH = 76.0%, p = 0.0429) and did not work (H = 30.5%, NH = 37.7%, p = 0.0482). The groups differed in terms of receiving oral health guidelines from the media (H = 19.9%, NH = 13.8%, p = 0.0333) or from other health professionals (H = 25.6%, NH = 13.2%, p <0.0001). Regarding the reasons for their most recent dental appointment, in the Health group “treatment” (42.9%) and “pain” (6.9%) prevailed, while for the Non-Health group “review, prevention or check-up” (41, 9%) and “extraction” (8.1%) (p = 0.0169) were the most prevalent. The Health group was more satisfied with their oral health, with less frequent reports of a self-perception of bad breath (H = 30.3%, NH = 38.3%, p = 0.0483). There was no association between self-perception and impacts on oral health (p> 0.05). Conclusions The groups differed regarding the source of information on oral health, the reason for seeking and type of treatment, and the self-perception of bad breath, with the Health group reporting greater satisfaction with their oral health.
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Nunes, Kátia, Alexandre Conde, and Juliane Pereira Butze. "Halitosis and its influence on the quality of life." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 2 (August 7, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i2.4756.
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Objectives: To describe the patients' perception of their own breath and verify that halitosis can lead to loss of quality of life of patients with this condition. Methods: A consecutive sample was formed from patients who sought treatment at the Dentistry Screening Service of FSG Centro Universitário, between the months of August 2015 and September 2015, where they answered a questionnaire with objective questions about their perception of breath, and attitudes related to social situations where the breath can be influential. Results: Participated in this survey a total of 102 patients. Of these, 27 (26.5%) were male and 75 (73.5%) were female. When asked about the importance and concern for their breath, 95 (94.1%) participants reported that the smell of breath has great importance in their lives and 96 of these patients (95%) have a high concern for the own breath. Conclusion: On patients' perceptions, halitosis affects the quality of life of people. However, other studies should be conducted in order to evaluate the influence of halitosis in the quality of life of patients with this condition.Descriptors: Halitosis; Quality of Life; Health Education.ReferencesPham TA, Ueno M, Zaitsu T, Takehara S, Shinada K, Lam P.H, Kawahuchi Y. Clinical trial of oral malodor treatment in patients with periodontal diseases. J Periodontal Res. 2011;46(6):722-29.Moreno T, Hass NA, Castro GD, Winter R, Oppermann RV, Rosing CK. Tratamento da periodontite agressiva e alterações nos compostos sulfurados voláteis. Rev Odonto Ciência. 2005; 20(49):217-21.Domingos PAS, Abreu AC, Dantas AAR, Oliveira ALBM. Halitose: limitando a qualidade de vida. Rev. Odontol. Univ. São Paulo. 2011;23(2):171-81.Zalewska A. et al. Halitosis-a common medical and social problem. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2012; 75(3):300-9.Rosenberg M. Clinical Assessment of bad breath: current concepts. J Am Dent Assoc.1996;127:475-82.Morita M, Wang HL. Association between oral malodor and adult periodontitis: a review. J Clin Periodontol. 2001;28(9):813-19.Figueiredo LC, Rosetti EP, Marcantonio E JR, Marcantonio RA, Salvador SL. The relationship of oral malodor in patients with or without periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2002;73(11):1338-42.Gorender M, Kolbe A. Correlação entre halitose e esquiva social. Rev Bras Neurol Psiquiat. 2004; 8(2):68.Scully C, Greenman J. Halitology: Breath odour: a etiopathogenesis and management. Oral Dis. 2012;18(4):333-45.Calil C, Tarzia O, Marcondes F. Qual a origem do mau hálito? Rev Odontol UNESP. 2006;35(2):185-90.Cartaxo RO, Ferreira DAH, Padilha WWN. Influência social da qualidade do hálito. Rev Inic Cien Odontol.2008;6(2).Associação Brasileira de Halitose (ABHA/ABPO). 2008.Elias MS, Ferriani MD. Historical and social aspects of halitosis. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2006;14(5):821-23.Nadanovsky P, Carvalho LB, Ponce de Leon A. Oral malodour and its association with age and sex in a general population in Brazil. Oral Dis. 2007;13(1):105-9.Almas K, Albaker A, Felembam N. Knowledge of dental health and disease among dental patients: a multicenter study in Saudi Arabia. Indian J Dent Res.2000;11(4):145-55.Sopapornamorn P, Ueno M, Shinada K, Vachirarojpisan T, Kawaguchi Y. Clinical application of a VSCs monitor for oral malodour assessment. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2006;4(2):91-7.Eli I, Baht R, Koriat H, Rosenberg M. Self-perception of breath odor. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001;132(5):621-26.Manual da Organização Mundial da Saúde, 1998. Who. The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Organization. Soc Sci Med. 1995;41(10):1403-9.
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Sen, N., S. Tanwar, A. Jain, R. K. Gokhroo, and N. Shah. "Yoga could reduce the burden and symptoms of atrial fibrillation as well as medication related side effects and the complications with cardiac ablation." European Heart Journal 41, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0450.
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Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia that affects around three million people worldwide. Thromboembolic stroke, myocardial ischemia and congestive heart failure with significant financial burden are bad outcomes of AF. It is associated with significant morbidity and is also an independent risk factor for mortality. The treatment of AF and its associated complications increases healthcare resource utilization and contributes to increasing costs of healthcare, particularly costs associated with recurrent hospitalization. Methods 538 patients of atrial fibrillation are enrolled in our multicentric study from 2012 to 2017 that brought to light the therapeutic impact a noninvasive, medication-free intervention has on a costly disease.The unique approach of this study involved patients serving as their own controls; for the first 12 weeks, patients continued standard AF medical or catheter ablation therapy, followed by 16 weeks of 30-min alternate day yoga sessions (Savasana / Sun Salution Yoga Posture, Ujjayi Breath and Anulom –Vilom Pranayam). Patients were also encouraged to practice yoga at home on a daily basis.We divided into two group Yoga and Non Yoga and compared the data after 16 weeks of training. Results Yoga training reduced symptomatic AF episodes (14.8±4 vs. 8.2±3.2, p<0.005), symptomatic non-AF episodes (12.8±2.8 vs. 9.2±2.2; p<0.004), asymptomatic AF episodes (2.4±0.4 vs. 1.3±0.20; p<0.005), and depression and anxiety (p<0.005) used Goldberg anxiety score 2.5 fold improved as compared to non yoga group while improving, QoL parameters including physical functioning, vitality, social functioning, and mental health as assessed using the SF-36 (p=0.017, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.019, and p<0.003, respectively). There were significant decreases in heart rate and systolic (11±3 mmhg) and diastolic (6±2 mmhg) blood pressure after yoga training (p<0.002). This may directly result in decreased hospitalization (38% in yoga vs 16% in non yoga group) and healthcare costs reduction in yoga group. Yoga is also an intervention free from medication-related side effects or the complications observed with cardiac ablation. Conclusions The primary outcome was a composite of the reductions in symptomatic AF, symptomatic non-AF, and asymptomatic AF episodes as recorded by a diary and correlated with a non-looping event monitor with low cost. Strikingly, the results validate the ability of yoga practice to reduce patient-reported AF symptoms. It also demonstrated a statistically significant impact on quality of life (QoL), mental health, physical functioning, depression, and anxiety with avoid of side effects of medication or ablation. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
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Da S. Albuquerque, Danielle Mendes. "A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PRESENÇA DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA NA EQUIPE MULTIDISCIPLINAR DAS UNIDADES DE TRATAMENTO INTENSIVO." Revista Fluminense de Odontologia, July 7, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/ijosd.v1i45.330.
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RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a importância da presença do cirurgião-dentista em equipe multidisciplinar nas Unidades de Tratamento Intensivo (UTIs). Para tanto, foram selecionadas 11 unidades hospitalares do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Como instrumento de pesquisa utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado entregue aos profissionais responsáveis pelos cuidados da saúde bucal dos pacientes com variáveis relacionadas a procedimentos de higiene bucal e presença de doenças orais nos pacientes internados nestas unidades. Os resultados demonstraram que em 100% dos hospitais não foi encontrado um cirurgião-dentista na equipe multidisciplinar das UTIs. Em 72,70% das unidades era o enfermeiro, o profissional da saúde, responsável pelos procedimentos de higiene bucal dos pacientes internados. Este procedimento era realizado em 45,50% das unidades, duas vezes ao dia, sobre orientação de um profissional não especializado em 81,82% dos casos. Grande parte dos pacientes apresentava desordens bucais, como mau-hálito, cárie, gengivite e tártaro, e apesar disso não existia um profissional qualificado responsável pelo tratamento dessas enfermidades, sendo assim em 100% das unidades as doenças bucais não eram tratadas. Conclui-se que apesar da real e grande necessidade de um cirurgião-dentista nessas unidades, reconhecida inclusive pela maioria dos profissionais responsáveis pela higiene bucal, esta presença ainda não é efetiva, o que dificulta assim o correto tratamento de desordens bucais podendo contribuir para o surgimento e/ou agravamento de doenças sistêmicas. Palavras-Chaves: Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Odontologia. Higiene Bucal. Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the importance of the presence of dentists in a multidisciplinary team in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs). To this end, we selected 11 hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. As a research tool used a semi-structured questionnaire given to the professionals responsible for the care of the oral health of patients with variables related to oral hygiene procedures and presence of oral disease in hospitalized patients in these units. The results showed that 100% of the hospitals was not found a dental surgeon in the multidisciplinary team in ICUs. In 72.70% of the units was the nurse, the health professional responsible for oral hygiene procedures for inpatients. This procedure was performed in 45.50% of the units, twice a day, on guidance of a professional not specialized in 81.82% of cases. Most patients had oral disorders such as bad breath, tooth decay, gum disease and tartar, and there wasn’t qualified professional responsible for the treatment of these diseases, therefore 100% of the units were untreated oral diseases yet. It concludes that despite the real and great need for a dentist in these units, including recognized by most professionals responsible for oral hygiene, this presence is not yet effective, which make it difficult the correct treatment of oral disorders may contribute to the emergence and / or worsening of systemic diseases. Keywords: Intensive Care Units. Dentistry. Oral hygiene. Patient Care Team
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A, Cividini. "Adapting to the Unpredictable. My Experience as a Neurosurgeon-Hypnologist Offering Treatment to Health Professionals in a Covid-19 Converted Hospital." Annals of Depression and Anxiety 8, no. 1 (April 23, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26420/anndepressanxiety.2021.1103.
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At the beginning of 2020, Covid-19 pandemic has deeply and quickly changed healthcare transforming our hospitals and challenging health professionals both as clinicians and humans. We found ourselves fighting an invisible, unknown enemy, facing an unpredictable disease and had no choice but adapting and reacting to an overgrowing emergency situation. Whole hospitals were dedicated to Covid-19 patients and many specialized physicians had to quickly learn about treating Sars-Cov-2 infection. Over the last year better knowledge of pathophysiology and treatment as well as the establishment of redesigned organizational models have contributed to reduce the role of chance, fear and unexpected, but as the pandemic keeps unfolding, healthcare workers are still under pressure. As a result, they are exposed to a high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder as well as burn-out syndrome. As a neurosurgeon working in a Covid-converted hospital and an hypnologist I realized it was my duty to use my skills to help colleagues in need. I started offering hypnosis sessions to help colleagues to stay in-balance and react to this situation in a resilient way. In this letter I underline some features which I find to be peculiar to the Covid-19 pandemic (some of them more relevant to the first waves), describe their consequences on health professionals’ life and suggest the potential role of hypnosis as a tool to promote mental health. • Loss of anchors: entire hospitals or wards have been turned into Covid-dedicated areas, thus requiring professionals to change their daily habits, to quickly learn new skills and to be exposed to a constantly changing situation. The sudden and continuous loss of such anchors is deeply destabilizing. • Change in social engagement: self-quarantine, limiting of social activities, avoidance of close contacts and having to wear disposable equipment partially covering the face impact on the usual way of being socially involved. Paradoxically, family and community can’t offer a safe shelter in a moment of major need. • Identification: before vaccines became available, the high number of health professionals affected by the disease, the unfortunately common unavailability of proper personal protective equipment and the need for a constant monitoring of self health status, often lead to identification with patients or victims. • Lack of control: such a level of uncertainty and lack of knowledge is new to many young doctors who have been raised studying diagnosis and treatment of mostly well-defined and known conditions. • Social media impact: being connected inevitably exposes users to a constant flow of bad or fake news. Besides being a reason to recall a healthier digital lifestyle, this leads to rumination and prevents people from using spare time to fully recover from the fatigue. Carers who asked for hypnosis sessions mainly complained about sleep-related problems, panic attacks, rumination, anxiety and fear (of dying alone, of not being able to make plans for the future, of not being able to reconnect with loved ones, of transmitting the disease to family members or colleagues, of not being able to breathe). The reiteration of such symptoms puts health professionals on the dangerous road to burn-out and eventually PTSD. Hypnosis, as well as all disciplines aimed at improving mental health (mind-body techniques, mindfulness, meditation, yoga, deep relaxation..) may offer help in preventing them. Healthcarers who required hypnosis sessions were invited to join after or before their shift. I treated clinicians and nurses, aged 25-55 yo, mainly female. A short introductory talk was aimed at identifying their perception of the situation and potential topics to work on during the session. Being all the patients highly motivated in feeling better, almost none had difficulties in trance-induction. Sessions had a mean duration of 45-60’ and were held in the hospital facilities. I found the following techniques being particularly useful: • Focus on breathing: being Covid-19 disease mainly a respiratory illness and due to the need to work wearing uncomfortable masks, focus on breathing is crucial. Reconnecting people to their natural breath may help in keeping a healthy connection to the body and preventing panic attacks. • Safe place: visualizing and then anchoring a “safe place” help subjects to realize that they can actively choose to feel better going back to their safe place every time they need it. • Metaphors: the use of subject-tailored metaphors is particularly effective, giving immediate relief as well as working on a longer-lasting deeper level. • Temporal dissociation and retrieving happy memories: in difficult and uncertain times, reestablishing a connection with happy memories and with past achievements helps subjects to discover their own value, be self-confident and get rid of harmful helplessness feeling. • Future reorienting: for all the aforementioned reasons future reorienting techniques may be useful for those people feeling afraid of not being able to look beyond this challenging times All subjects were satisfied with the session, found it helpful and most of them asked to repeat the treatment. I hope this letter may contribute to increase institutions’ awareness on the need for measures aimed at maintaining and supporting mental health of all professionals involved in fighting the ongoing pandemic. Besides, it’s also addressed to professionals as a reminder to promptly identify stress-related red flags and ask for help. Hypnosis is a powerful, effective and safe tool.
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Lin, Guohao, Lan Zhang, Lin Zhou, Guangyan Cao, and Xiaojing Chen. "PO-254 Progression in rehabilitation of Upper Crossed Syndrome." Exercise Biochemistry Review 1, no. 5 (October 4, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/ebr.v1i5.11023.
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Objective At present, there is a growing number of potential people in the country who are prone to upper crossed syndrome (UCS), and compared with other musculoskeletal diseases, the etiology and treatments of the syndrome are still at an initial stage. On the other hand, the syndrome is a transitional stage between the normal cervical vertebra and cervical spondylosis, so it may be one of the important factors of cervical spondylosis which becomes younger in average age and happens more frequently. Domestic researches for UCS are not sufficient. There is no clear and unified conclusion on the pathogenesis of the disease, and there is also no systematic and efficient standard for its treatment. Therefore, the study of the UCS will help people fully understand the occurrence of cervical spondylosis, the mechanism of muscle imbalance and neck pain, it could lead to new further treatments of physical therapy and exercise therapy.
Methods A literature search was conducted for UCS studies using CNKI, Wan Fang database, VIP database, Pubmed, web of science, EMbase, Cochrane Library. The Medical Subject Headings search terms used included rehabilitation therapy, neck pain, head pain, etiology, treatment, and combined keywords using upper crossed syndrome and UCS. According to the characteristics of the different databases, there is a joint search method for the keywords and free words. Two authors independently extracted relevant data according to the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then carry out full text reading after the literature that may be qualified or cannot be confirmed, so as to identify the literature that needs to be included. In the end,40 literatures were finally included.
Results The causes of UCS may have bad posture, abnormalities of respiratory patterns, psychological factors, over excitation of sympathetic nerve, abnormalities of proprioception, acute and chronic injury. And, once that balance is broken, without interference, the neck and shoulders will form a vicious circle, and the human body's stress reaction will form osteophyte in the corresponding place，and damage intervertebral disc. According to the studies, all treatment methods have certain effects such as massage, acupuncture, strength training, breathing training, nerve sensation training, cognitive-behavioral therapy and so on.
1.Bad posture can cause the cervical vertebra physiological curvature to disappear, neck muscle length changes, abnormal tension, force imbalance. It can be treated with exercise therapy, including corrective training, north European walking, etc. We need to use strength training, posture correction, elastic band training and so on, to strengthen the relatively weakened or elongated muscles, and make the joints and muscles of shoulder or neck work under the correct rhythm, followed by the bone-setting manipulation(traction therapy, joint mobilization, Chinese traditional vertebra restoration method) can also have a good effect by solving problems such as abnormal cervical vertebra curvature, local nerve compression, small joint disorders and limited range of motion in a joint.
2.Abnormal breathing patterns make the accessory respiratory muscles constantly perform low load contraction, which gradually causes muscle fatigue. For some people with respiratory disorders or difficulties, in order to breathe more smoothly, will take a head forward posture to alleviate the resistance of the airway, so that they can not fully complete the original function of the accessory respiratory muscle. To this, abdominal respiration training can regulate the balance of the major respiratory and accessory respiratory muscles function, and reduce the excitability of sympathetic nervous, thus relaxing the dominant muscles.
3.Most psychological problems are characterized by progressive and concealed, which not only have a negative impact on people's psychology, but also can not be ignored in physiology. Psychological effects may change the neurotransmitter, 5-HT and corticotropinreleasing factors in the body, which causes the human body to suffers the muscle pain, the tension, the movement uneasiness manifestation. It is the first time that the human body has suffered from muscle pain, nervous and fidgety movements. Therefore, some scholars proposed to use the cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) to carry on the improvement to this problem. It includes specific behavior and cognitive corrections to correct body and mental abnormalities.
4.At present, some researchers have found that the neural sensation, especially the abnormalities of proprioception, is closely related to the abnormal postures. For UCS, long term abnormal posture, the abnormal signals that feed back to the proprioceptionare gradually weakened and eventually ignored or considered normal by the brain center. Therefore, the proprioceptionshould be reactivated under the correct posture. The correct feedback signal can be activated by proprioceptiontraining and Kinesio taping. And the Kinesio taping can make indirect effect on the sensory system, at the same time it can reduce the pressure of local tissue and speed up the blood circulation. This can accelerate the metabolism of muscle and help the recovery of muscle fatigue.
5.Most of these causes of UCS will lead to pain, inflammatory, fascia adhesion. Chinese traditional methods of rehabilitation and physiotherapy are commonly used in treatment. Massage therapy, Chinese acupuncture treatment including acupuncture point injection therapy, and Chinese needle-knife therapy can play a role in warming Yang and eliminating cold, reducing swelling and relieving fatigue. Chinese needle-knife therapy by cutting muscle fascia, stripping, relaxation, unclogging, promoting blood circulation, etc. It is necessary to adjust the biomechanics of the human body and restore the balance of motion. The Chinese herbal medicine can make the human body live blood for pain and pain, and it can be applied outside, taken inside and combined with other treatment methods.Medium and low frequency treatment, infrared treatment, waxwork and other physical therapy methods, using sound, light, cold, heat, electricity, magnetic，force (motion and pressure) and other physical factors for treatment, aiming at local or systemic functional disorders or diseases of the human body. The physical factors therapy is non-invasive and non-drug treatment，which is necessary to restore the original physiological functions of the body.
6.China has a variety of martial arts since ancient times, including Baduanjin exercise, five-animal exercises and Tai Chi. With the aim of physical fitness and relatively gentle physical activity as the basis, the physical and mental state need combine body，breath and heart adjustment, which play a role in strengthening the body, adjusting breathing and maintaining health.
Conclusions In summary,traction therapy, Chinese traditional needle-knife have high requirements for equipment and venues, and are expensive and not suitable for public use. The Chiropractic therapy ，joint mobilization and Chinese traditional vertebra restoration method have high risks, and the requirements on the experience and technique of the operator are higher. And Other treatments have their own characteristics. Therefore, in the actual treatment process, various factors should be considered comprehensively to carry out treatment. Treatment of primary and secondary order, consider, from the pathogenesis of UCS should give top priority to posture correction, daily lifestyle management, including breathing training, strength training, relaxation therapy, second along with Chinese acupuncture and physical therapy, such as nerve sensation training, finally martial arts, as an education and mission project ，guide the patient carry out the rehabilitation by themselves. It is still not clear how to prevent UCS and what treatment sequence should be used to treat different causes of UCS at home and abroad, which need to make further study.