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Journal articles on the topic 'Bafokeng'

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1

Bergh, J. S. "“We Must Never Forget Where We Come From”: The Bafokeng and Their Land in the 19th Century Transvaal." History in Africa 32 (2005): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2005.0005.

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The aim of this paper is to analyse the events, forces, realities, challenges and opportunities with which the Bafokeng community in the vicinity of Rustenburg was confronted during the course of the nineteenth century, especially with regard to the loss of their land and the way they responded to this dispossession. Much of the groundwork for their subsequent successful acquisition of land was laid during this period. These successes—and the good fortune of the Bafokeng that rich platinum deposits were later discovered on the land they obtained in this way—elevated them to a prominent position at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The status of the Bafokeng was emphasized when the former South African President Nelson Mandela, the Home Affairs Minister Mango-sutho Buthelezi, the South African first lady Zanele Mbeki, and the Lesotho Queen Mother were among the guests at the coronation of Leruo Moletlegi as kgosi or chief of the Bafokeng in 2003.The dispossession of the land of the Bafokeng by white settlers from the end of the 1830s and the Bafokeng's attempts to regain this land should be seen against a number of important nineteenth-century trends. Firstly, there was the forfeiture to the white settlers of large tracts of land claimed by indigenous communities in European colonies in the nineteenth and earlier centuries. In southern Africa white settlers seized no less than 40. million hectares of land up to 1860 and another 107. million hectares during the next hundred years. A second important trend was the mineral revolution in the interior of southern Africa. Thirdly, the settlement of a large number of missionaries among African communities in this period also influenced the dynamics of the dispossession and acquisition of land.
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2

Cook, Susan E. "The Business of Being Bafokeng." Current Anthropology 52, S3 (April 2011): S151—S159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/657894.

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3

Khunou, Samuel Freddy. "The Customary Anatomy of the Traditional Governance of the Bafokeng Traditional Community: The Implications of the Constitutional Recognition of Hereditary Headmanship." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 20 (October 18, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2017/v20i0a3270.

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The institution of the hereditary headmanship of the Bafokeng traditional community in the North West Province, South Africa has been in existence from time immemorial. It survived the calamities and vicissitudes of both the colonial and the apartheid regimes. The question asked here is whether the hereditary headmanship is relevant in the new constitutional dispensation or, to put the question differently, whether this customary practice is in line with the dictates and ethos of the Constitution. This article asserts that the customary practice of hereditary headmanship of Bafokeng is still apposite and fitting in the new South Africa. In particular, it is in accord with the Constitution, as is the customary practice of the Cala community in the Eastern Cape, which requires its headmen to be elected by members of the community from time to time.
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4

Kriel, Inge. "Bafokeng, Inc.—Power of the nation/corporation amalgam." Anthropology Southern Africa 33, no. 1-2 (January 2010): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23323256.2010.11499992.

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5

Flomenhoft, Gary. "Communal land and the attitudes of the Bafokeng on benefits from mineral rights." South African Journal of International Affairs 26, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 277–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2019.1607773.

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6

Mbenga, Bernard K. "The Reverend Kenneth Mosley Spooner: African-American missionary to the BaFokeng of Rustenburg district, South Africa, 1915-1937." New Contree 81 (December 30, 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/nc.v81i0.66.

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This article examines the missionary and educational work and impact of Kenneth Spooner, an African-American missionary among the BaFokeng African community in Rustenburg district, South Africa from 1915 to 1937. Originally from Barbados, Spooner immigrated to the USA from where he came to South Africa as an International Pentecostal Holiness Church (IPHC) missionary. Spooner’s church became very popular among the African communities of Rustenburg. His school, for example, for the first time in the region used English as a medium of teaching, unlike the much older German Lutheran Church school’s teaching medium of Setswana; in the mid-1910s in rural South Africa, a black man preaching only in English, with another black person interpreting into an African language, was a spectacle – and another of Spooner’s draw-cards. The article situates Spooner and his work in the sociopolitical context of agitation by white politicians for more and stronger racial discrimination and segregation.
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7

Gapa, Angela Z., and William A. Walker. "State, corporate and traditional community relations and the politics of leverage in the Royal Bafokeng Nation." Extractive Industries and Society 7, no. 2 (April 2020): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2020.02.005.

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8

Smith, A. J. B., K. S. Viljoen, R. Schouwstra, J. Roberts, C. Schalkwyk, and J. Gutzmer. "Geological variations in the Merensky Reef at Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine and its influence on flotation performance." Minerals Engineering 52 (October 2013): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2013.05.015.

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9

Manson, Andrew, and Bernard Mbenga. "'The Richest Tribe in Africa': Platinum-Mining and the Bafokeng in South Africa's North West Province, 1965-1999*." Journal of Southern African Studies 29, no. 1 (March 2003): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305707032000060598.

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10

Hutchinson, David, Jeffrey Foster, Hazel Prichard, and Sarah Gilbert. "Concentration of Particulate Platinum-Group Minerals during Magma Emplacement; a Case Study from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex." Journal of Petrology 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 113–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egu073.

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Abstract The petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of a section of the Merensky Reef at Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine (BRPM) are described. A model for the formation of platinum-group minerals (PGM), sulphide and chromitite is proposed that explains the stratigraphic relationships observed in the Merensky Reef, both at BRPM and at other locations in the Bushveld Complex. To achieve this it is necessary to understand platinum-group element (PGE) behaviour in naturally occurring mafic systems and for this reason comparisons are drawn from core TN207 through the Platreef at Tweefontein. The common link between the Platreef and Merensky Reef is the presence of unusually high concentrations of As, Sb, Bi and Te that promote the crystallisation of semi-metal bearing PGM from sulphide liquids. Under conditions of increasing semi-metal contamination, Pt is the first PGE to be extracted from a sulphide liquid followed by Rh, Ru, Os and Ir. While some Pd is released to form Pd-PGM much of it remains within the Ni-rich sulphide phase that crystallizes to form pentlandite. A critical aspect is the timing of their introduction into the magmatic system. For the Merensky magmas, contamination occurred predominantly within a staging chamber owing to wall-rock interaction with Transvaal sediments. This led to the formation of sulphide liquids that captured PGE and, ultimately, the crystallization of Pt- and Ru-PGM. The extreme enrichment in PGE and the high Pt/Pd ratios in the Merensky chromitites are attributed to density-driven concentration of PGM transported by magmas displaced from a staging chamber. Emplacement of these magmas into the Bushveld Complex resulted in thermo-mechanical erosion of the floor and deposition of chromites + sulphides + PGM. In places, these assemblages collected in sedimentary-like scour channels. In the Platreef, contamination occurred largely after magma emplacement owing to interaction with the local Transvaal sediments. As a result, mechanical separation of PGM did not occur and most PGM remain spatially associated with their original sulphide hosts.The Merensky Reef is a prime example of highly efficient PGE concentration resulting from mechanical processes, whereas the Platreef is a prime example of highly efficient PGE removal from sulphide liquids in response to extreme contamination by semi-metals.
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11

Zhong, Fangliang, John K. Calautit, and Ben R. Hughes. "Analysis of the influence of cooling jets on the wind and thermal environment in football stadiums in hot climates." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, no. 5 (December 18, 2019): 561–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624419894803.

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After winning the bid of the FIFA’s World Cup 2022, Qatar is facing the greatest challenges in terms of minimizing substantial energy consumptions for air-conditioning of stadiums and maintaining aero-thermal comfort for both players and spectators inside stadiums. This paper presents the results of temperature distributions and wind environment of the original stadium under the hot-humid climate and improvements on them for optimized scenarios of cooling jets. A combined computational fluid dynamics and building energy simulation approach was used to analyse the cooling performance and energy consumption per match of cooling air jets for 10 scenarios with different supply velocities, supply temperatures and locations of jets. The optimal scenario is to employ vertical jets above the upper tiers at supply temperature of 20°C and velocities of 2–12 m/s, integrated with horizontal jets of the same temperature at the lower tiers with 4 m/s and around the pitch with 7 m/s. This scenario can maintain the spectator tiers at an average temperature of 22°C and reduce the maximum predicted percentage of dissatisfied of thermal comfort from the original 100% to 63% for the pitch and 19% for the tiers, respectively. In terms of the energy consumption for the air-conditioning system per match, compared with one of the 2010 South Africa World Cup stadiums Royal Bafokeng stadium which consumed approximately 22.8 MWh energy for air-conditioning in winter (highest outdoor temperature 24.4°C), the maximum energy consumption of the optimal scenario in November (highest outdoor temperature 34.2°C) can reach 108 MWh. In addition, the spectator zones with scenario 8 have the potential to be resilient to the seasonal change of outdoor temperature if slight modifications of the supply velocities and precise temperature control on the spectator zones are applied. Moreover, the configurations presented in this paper can be used as a foundation of jets arrangement for future stadium retrofits in the hot climates. Practical application: This study assesses the aero-thermal conditions of a case study stadium under the hot climate of Qatar and explores the potential of applying cooling jets with different supply velocities, supply temperatures and their locations on the enhancement of both thermal and wind environment of spectator tiers and pitch. The assessment of the original stadium indicates that the ascending curved roof structure impedes the fresh air entering into the stadium and results in an asymmetric temperature distribution on the spectator tiers. The optimized design suggests a combination of vertical jets under the roof and both three arrays of horizontal jets at lower tiers and around pitch for future stadium optimizations in hot climates. It also recommends enhancing the thermal conditions on the pitch by optimizing the velocity of horizontal jets around the pitch. Moreover, the future design of the exact stadiums to be resilient to the seasonal changing outdoor temperature can be implemented based on scenario 8.
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12

Setsoe, G. "Selection of student nurses at Bafokeng Nursing College." Curationis 15, no. 2 (September 26, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v15i2.359.

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Bafokeng Nursing College is a privately owned institution situated at the Impala Mines in Bophuthatswana. It selects and trains student nurses from all parts of Southern Africa in the comprehensive four-year course who at qualifying are free to work for Genmin or anywhere else in the country. The College is affiliated to Medunsa in offering the four-year comprehensive course. Selection is limited because of limited facilities. The old selection process was evaluated in 1985 and the new selection process started functioning in 1986 when the new course was offered for the first time at the College. With the new selection process, the drop-out rate is very low, the pass rate has improved and the quality of nursing care is improving.
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13

Wicomb, Wilmien. "The chief is a chief through the people: Using Rule 7(1) to test the authority of a chief to litigate on behalf of his people." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 49 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2014/v0i49a786.

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This note discusses the judgement handed down by the North West High Court in Mafikeng in an interlocutory application in the matter of the Royal Bafokeng Nation (RNB) vs the Minister of Rural Development and Land Affairs and Others. The application was brought by several ‘sub’-communities under the jurisdiction of the RBN, challenging the latter’s authority to litigate on their behalf. This application relates to a growing tension between the political authority of traditional leaders and the fundamental right of their ‘subjects’ to speak for themselves. It may be argued that the judgement represents an important step beyond the established frame of this discussion in the North West courts, namely which representative traditional structure is the proper one, to a question as to the duty upon those structures to comply with customary requirements of broad consultation and consent. In the event, it demonstrates the potential substantive significance of a procedural formality such as regulated by Rule 7(1).
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14

Wicomb, Wilmien. "The chief is a chief through the people: Using Rule 7(1) to test the authority of a chief to litigate on behalf of his people." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 49 (March 8, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2014/i49a786.

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This note discusses the judgement handed down by the North West High Court in Mafikeng in an interlocutory application in the matter of the Royal Bafokeng Nation (RNB) vs the Minister of Rural Development and Land Affairs and Others. The application was brought by several ‘sub’-communities under the jurisdiction of the RBN, challenging the latter’s authority to litigate on their behalf. This application relates to a growing tension between the political authority of traditional leaders and the fundamental right of their ‘subjects’ to speak for themselves. It may be argued that the judgement represents an important step beyond the established frame of this discussion in the North West courts, namely which representative traditional structure is the proper one, to a question as to the duty upon those structures to comply with customary requirements of broad consultation and consent. In the event, it demonstrates the potential substantive significance of a procedural formality such as regulated by Rule 7(1).
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15

William Manga Mokofe. "CERTAINTY ESTABLISHED: MAJORITARIANISM TRUMPS MINORITY, PASSES CONSTITUTIONAL MUSTER, AND ACCORDS WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS Association of Mineworkers and Construction v Royal Bafokeng Platinum Limited [2020] ZAAC 1." Obiter 43, no. 4 (January 6, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/obiter.v43i4.15416.

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South African courts have recognised majoritarianism to mean that the will of the majority is favoured over the will of the minority in serving the legislative goals of advancing labour peace, orderly collective bargaining, and the democratisation of the workplace. Yet a fundamental problem arising from majoritarianism is the possibility that the rights of the minority could be violated. This case involves the retrenchments in South Africa when a firm elects to dismiss part of its labour force for operational reasons. This procedure frequently arises without warning. Generally, it has devastating consequences and leaves certain employees out of work through no fault of their own. That is exactly what happened in Association of Mineworkers and Construction v Royal Bafokeng Platinum Limited [2020] ZACC 1.Against this backdrop, this case note addresses two issues. First, it explores the constitutionality of procedural fairness during retrenchments; second, it assesses the International Labour Organisation’s Committee of the Freedom of Association (ILO-CFA) Report on this matter against the decision of the Committee.
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16

Hayes, Ben, Reza Maghdour-Mashhour, Lewis D. Ashwal, Albertus J. B. Smith, Henriette Ueckermann, and Jaco Vermeulen. "Melt infiltration in a crystal mush and pegmatoid formation in the platiniferous Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa." Mineralium Deposita, May 27, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-024-01278-z.

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AbstractGiant mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions of Archaean-Proterozoic age are the fossilised remnants of huge injections of silicate magma in the Earth’s crust and are our most important repositories of platinum-group elements. Magmatic PGE-rich ore deposits, such as the Merensky Reef, are typically hosted in stratiform reefs at the contacts between ultramafic and feldspathic cumulates. The Merensky Reef is commonly characterised by coarse-grained and pegmatoidal textures that may provide important clues to its origin. We present textural and in situ geochemical data for Merensky pegmatoids at Styldrift Mine (Impala Bafokeng) in the Western Bushveld Complex of South Africa. This region is adjacent to an inferred magmatic feeder zone to the Bushveld. The Merensky pegmatoids are characterised by (i) amoeboid olivine inclusions in zoned orthopyroxene megacrysts with increasing molar Mg# of orthopyroxene towards olivine, (ii) fine-grained chains of orthopyroxene in compositional equilibrium with adjacent orthopyroxene megacrysts, (iii) increasing molar Mg# of orthopyroxene megacrysts and increasing molar An with decreasing 87Sr/86Sri (at 2.06 Ga) of plagioclase oikocrysts in pegmatoids laterally across a 10-km section distal to the feeder, and (iv) highly variable molar An and initial 87Sr/86Sri of interstitial plagioclase proximal to the feeder. We interpret the coarse-grained and pegmatoidal textures, their dissolution-reprecipitation features, and lateral chemical variations as the product of lateral melt infiltration and mixing in a crystal mush. We suggest that the platiniferous Merensky Reef was not formed at the base of a large melt-filled magma chamber but was instead the product of non-sequential magma emplacement that rejuvenated the crystal mush.
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17

Kengni, Bernard, and Chiyedza Ennah Mutendera. "Balancing majoritarianism and the right to consultation: Association of Mineworkers and Constitutional Union and Others v Royal Bafokeng Platinum Limited and Others." Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law, February 14, 2022, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646811.2021.2012984.

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18

"11 Constitutional Court of South Africa, Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union and Others v Royal Bafokeng Platinum Limited and Others [2020] zacc 1, 23 January 2020." International Labor Rights Case Law 6, no. 2 (July 21, 2020): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056901-00602004.

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