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Journal articles on the topic 'Baka'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Lyman, S., RH Aster, GP Visentin, and PJ Newman. "Polymorphism of human platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb associated with the Baka/Bakb alloantigen system." Blood 75, no. 12 (June 15, 1990): 2343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v75.12.2343.2343.

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Abstract The human Baka/Bakb alloantigen system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-transfusion purpura and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Human alloantisera specific for either the Baka or Bakb allele have been shown to react exclusively with the heavy chain of membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb. To investigate the structure of the Bak epitopes, we used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify GPIIb cDNA synthesized from platelet RNA samples prepared from individuals of known serologic phenotype. Subsequent DNA sequence analysis of amplified GPIIb cDNAs derived from one Baka homozygous individual and one Bakb homozygous individual revealed a single nucleotide base difference near the 3′ end of the mRNA encoding the GPIIb heavy chain. Short 13 base allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASO) containing the putative phenotype-specific base in the middle were then synthesized, end-labeled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP using terminal transferase, and used as probes in subsequent dot-blot hybridization experiments. Platelet RNA was prepared from a panel made up of four Baka/a, three Bakb/b, and two Baka/b individuals, and the mRNA encoding GPIIb was amplified using PCR and spotted onto nylon membranes. ASO hybridization showed that the nucleotide base difference identified above segregated with Bak phenotype in all nine individuals examined (P = .002). The base pair substitution results in an amino acid polymorphism at residue 843 of the mature heavy chain. The Baka form of GPIIb encodes an isoleucine at this position, whereas the Bakb allele contains a serine. Identification of the polymorphism associated with this clinically important alloantigen system should permit new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for treating and managing patients with alloimmune thrombocytopenic disorders.
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2

Lyman, S., RH Aster, GP Visentin, and PJ Newman. "Polymorphism of human platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb associated with the Baka/Bakb alloantigen system." Blood 75, no. 12 (June 15, 1990): 2343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v75.12.2343.bloodjournal75122343.

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The human Baka/Bakb alloantigen system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-transfusion purpura and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Human alloantisera specific for either the Baka or Bakb allele have been shown to react exclusively with the heavy chain of membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb. To investigate the structure of the Bak epitopes, we used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify GPIIb cDNA synthesized from platelet RNA samples prepared from individuals of known serologic phenotype. Subsequent DNA sequence analysis of amplified GPIIb cDNAs derived from one Baka homozygous individual and one Bakb homozygous individual revealed a single nucleotide base difference near the 3′ end of the mRNA encoding the GPIIb heavy chain. Short 13 base allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASO) containing the putative phenotype-specific base in the middle were then synthesized, end-labeled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP using terminal transferase, and used as probes in subsequent dot-blot hybridization experiments. Platelet RNA was prepared from a panel made up of four Baka/a, three Bakb/b, and two Baka/b individuals, and the mRNA encoding GPIIb was amplified using PCR and spotted onto nylon membranes. ASO hybridization showed that the nucleotide base difference identified above segregated with Bak phenotype in all nine individuals examined (P = .002). The base pair substitution results in an amino acid polymorphism at residue 843 of the mature heavy chain. The Baka form of GPIIb encodes an isoleucine at this position, whereas the Bakb allele contains a serine. Identification of the polymorphism associated with this clinically important alloantigen system should permit new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for treating and managing patients with alloimmune thrombocytopenic disorders.
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3

Devin, Luis. "Baka water drums." Before Farming 2012, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bfarm.2012.1.2.

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4

Kickler, TS, JH Herman, K. Furihata, TJ Kunicki, and RH Aster. "Identification of Bakb, a new platelet-specific antigen associated with posttransfusion purpura." Blood 71, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v71.4.894.894.

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Abstract Baka is a platelet alloantigen whose putative allele, Bakb, has not been identified previously. By using a serum, “Har,” obtained from a patient with posttransfusion purpura, we describe the platelet alloantigen Bakb. The Har serum reacted with an NP-40-extractable platelet membrane protein of 142 kd with mobility similar to platelet glycoprotein IIb alpha. We found that the antigen recognized by the Har serum is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode with an apparent gene frequency of .39. Chi-square analysis of observed and expected phenotype frequencies indicated that serum Har recognizes Bakb, the anticipated allele of Baka. Our findings provide new evidence for polymorphism of glycoprotein IIb and for the association of posttransfusion purpura with alloimmunization to determinants on this glycoprotein.
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5

Kickler, TS, JH Herman, K. Furihata, TJ Kunicki, and RH Aster. "Identification of Bakb, a new platelet-specific antigen associated with posttransfusion purpura." Blood 71, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v71.4.894.bloodjournal714894.

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Baka is a platelet alloantigen whose putative allele, Bakb, has not been identified previously. By using a serum, “Har,” obtained from a patient with posttransfusion purpura, we describe the platelet alloantigen Bakb. The Har serum reacted with an NP-40-extractable platelet membrane protein of 142 kd with mobility similar to platelet glycoprotein IIb alpha. We found that the antigen recognized by the Har serum is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode with an apparent gene frequency of .39. Chi-square analysis of observed and expected phenotype frequencies indicated that serum Har recognizes Bakb, the anticipated allele of Baka. Our findings provide new evidence for polymorphism of glycoprotein IIb and for the association of posttransfusion purpura with alloimmunization to determinants on this glycoprotein.
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6

Szczukowski, Ireneusz. "„Należy od nowa przywitać się ze śmiercią”. Baka Eugeniusza Tkaczyszyna‑ Dyckiego." Studia Slavica XXV, no. 2 (February 2022): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15452/studiaslavica.2021.25.0017.

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This article focuses mainly on three texts by the polish poetry Eugeniusz Tkaczyszyn‑Dycki that refer to baroque poet Józef Baka: Baka uwodzi Stefanię Dycką (Baka Seduces Stefania Dycka) Baka winny istnieniu Stefanii Dyckiej (Baka Guilty of Stefania Dycka’s Existence) Stefania Dycka poruszona widokiem Baki (Stefania Dycka Moved by Seeing Baka). We should remember that Dycki’s speech is centered around loss, so it is an attempt to invent a language that could bear the heterogeneity of death. To avoid slipping into silence, the author updates the old Polish tradition of funeral poetry, particularly the “black carnival” of late‑Baroque writer Józef Baka, which provides a specific ma‑ trix of meaning, of the way to communicate with oneself and with the reader. The subject of the analysis are therefore references to the threads of Baka’s poetry, which have been transformed in Dycki’s poetic discourse.
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7

Townsend, Cathryn. "Baka ritual flow diverted." Hunter Gatherer Research 1, no. 2 (June 2015): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/hgr.2015.11.

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8

Chalaye, Sylvie. "Ida de Baka Roklo." Africultures 73, no. 2 (2008): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afcul.073.0184.

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9

Rosani, Tania, and RHD Nugrahaningsih. "ANALISIS MAKNA SIMBOL PADA TARI GENDANG BAKA DI DESA LINGGA KECAMATAN SIMPANG EMPAT KABUPATEN KARO." Gesture : Jurnal Seni Tari 8, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/senitari.v8i1.13254.

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ABSTRACT This study is intended to describe the analysis symbolic meaning of motion, property, floor pattem, accompaniment, and costume contained on gendang baka dancing in Desa Lingga Kecamatan Simpang Empat Kabupaten Karo. The theory that is used in this study is Sumandiyono Hadi’s theory (2005:23) contains the meaning of the symbol and Ibrahim (2018:103) contain the meaning analysis. The method of this study is descriptive kualitatif. The population of the study are traditional leaders, dancing, musician, and artist. The sampel of this study are artist, and dancing. The instrument of collecting data are observation, interview, literature study, and documentation. The result of this study show symbolic meaning of the gendang baka that contains four types. The four types of motion lead to the nature or character of the Karo’s community and other communition to the each other, consider things befoure acting, prioritize unity to achieve common goals. Symbolic meaning property and gendang baka dancing is a power that cannot be shaken, to start life wich relief and confort and more closer to God. The symbolic meaning floor pattern of gendang baka dancing keep holding fast togetherness in doing act. Togetherness and compactness create solid unity. Symbolic meaning of musical accompaniment of gendang baka is to intive Karo’s society to see and preserve gendang baka dancing and influence the audience to feel the beauty of gendang baka. symbolic meaning of costume in gendang baka dancing are as chastely, kindness and protection, because the fabric is used white and black who is belive to be able to dispel everthing that is not good. Keyword : Symbolic Meaning, Tari Gendang Baka. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan analisis makna simbol dari gerak, properti, pola lantai, iringan musik, dan pakaian yang terdapat pada tari gendang baka di Desa Lingga Kecamatan Simpang Empat Kabupaten Karo. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Sumandiyono Hadi (2005:23) tentang makna simbol dan Ibrahim (2018:103) tentang pengertian analisis. Metode dari penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah tokoh adat, penari, pemusik, seniman. Sedangkan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seniman, dan penari. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa makna simbol gerak tari gendang baka terdiri dari empat ragam, keempat ragam gerak ini mengarahkan bagaimana seharusnya sifat atau karakter masyarakat Karo dan masyarakat lainnya untuk saling tolong menolong, mempertimbangkan segala sesuatu hal sebelum bertindak, mengutamakan kesatuan untuk mencapai tujuan bersama, dan tetap berserah memohon kepada Tuhan agar apa yang kita inginkan dapat tercapai. Makna simbol properti dan sesaji tari gendang baka adalah adanya kekuatan yang tidak dapat tergoyahkan, mengawali kehidupan dengan kelegaan dan kenyamanan dapat membuat kehidupan lebih tenang, dan tetap mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan. Makna simbol pola lantai tari gendang baka adalah tetap memegang teguh kebersamaan dan kekompakan dalam melalukan apapun. Kebersamaan dan kekompakan tersebut menciptakan kesatuan yang kokoh, teguh, dan tidak dapat tergoyahkan. Makna simbol iringan musik tari gendang baka adalah mengajak masyarakat Karo untuk melihat dan melestarikan kesenian tari gendang baka, dan mempengaruhi penikmat pertunjukan agar dapat merasakan keindahan tari gendang baka. Makna simbol dari pakaian pada tari gendang baka adalah kesucian, kebaikan, dan perlindungan, dikarenakan kain yang digunakan berwarna putih dan hitam yang dipercaya dapat menghalau segala yang tidak baik. Kata Kunci : Makna Simbol, Tari Gendang Baka.
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10

Arniati, Ida Ayu Komang. "NILAI ETIKA DALAM CERITA PEDANDA BAKA." Dharmasmrti: Jurnal Ilmu Agama dan Kebudayaan 18, no. 2 (October 22, 2018): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/ds.v9i2.148.

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Artikel ini membahas tentang “Nilai Etika dalam Cerita Pedanda Baka Karya Pedanda Nyoman Pidadha dan Ketut Pidadha”. Cerita Pedanda Baka menggambarkan kehidupan sehari-hari khususnya cara orang mempertahankan hidupnya dengan cara kurang baik yakni dengan cara menyalahgunakankepandaiannya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya yakni dengan jalan menipu. Adanya penelitian tentang cerita atau satua “Pedanda Baka” dalam penyampaiannya lebih mudah dipahami serta menjadi inventarisasi dari cerita-cerita yang berkembang dalam masyarakat Bali. Sangat disayangkan bila sebuah karya sastra yang sarat akan makna dan dapat menjadi petuah hidup hilang dari perhatian masyarakat begitu saja. Di samping itu pengenalan nilai etika Agama Hindu melalui mesatua (bercerita) dari orang dewasa kepada orang yang belum dewasa lebih efektif, efisien dan mudah dihayati oleh masyarakat. Demikian juga di kalangan anak-anak sangat diperlukan agar orang tuanya bercerita, sehingga nilai etika dalam cerita Pedanda Baka dapat dijadikan rujukan atau tranformasi melalui sikap dan prilaku kehidupan sehari-hari.
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11

Bakura, Dr Adamu Rabi’u, and Abu-Ubaida Sani. "Kishi A Bakin Makaɗan Baka." South Asian Research Journal of Arts, Language and Literature 4, no. 2 (March 14, 2022): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjall.2022.v04i02.002.

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Manufar wannan maƙala ita ce bitar ma’anar kishi da yanaye-yanayensa, musamman a tunanin Bahaushe. Maƙalar ta bi matakin nazartar waƙoƙin makaɗan baka a matsayin hanyar gudanar da bincike. A cikin waƙoƙin ne ta zaƙule yanaye-yanayen kishi a farfajiyar tunanin Bahaushe. An ɗora akalar nazarin kan tunanin Bahaushe cewa “So so ne, amma son kai ya fi.” A bisa wannan ra’ayin Bahaushe ne takardar ke da hasashen cewa, kowane mutum na da zummar samun ɗaukaka da fice sama da dukkannin tsaransa. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa, ba kamar yadda mutanen da dama ke tunani ba, al’amarin kishi bai taƙaita ga abin da ake samu tsakanin masoya ba kawai. Ya shafi dukkannin ɓangarorin rayuwa. Sannan dalilai da dama na sa a bayyana kishi. Daga ƙarshe takardar ta ba da shawarar bin matakan da za su tabbatar da giyar kishi ba ta kai ga janyo aikata abin da ya saɓa wa hankali da kyakkyawar al’ada da zamantakewar lumana ba.
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12

Shachmon, Ori, and Michal Marmorstein. "The Introductive Baka/Bāki in Rural Palestinian Arabic." Journal of Semitic Studies 66, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 185–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgaa042.

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Abstract The article explores the structure and use of the existential verb baka in Rural Palestinian Arabic for the introduction of orientation sections and fragments in narrative discourse. In clause-initial position the existential verb presents a non-inflecting form, either the 3MSG perfect baka or the MSG active participle bāki. We argue that the noninflectability of baka and bāki is indicative of their syntactic detached-ness from the following unit and is explained by their discourse-disjunctive function. We show that the existential baka/bāki serves to introduce both narrative-initial and narrative-embedded orientation. It may initiate utterances containing simple nominals or whole clauses. The distribution of the specific patterns is determined, inter alia, by the genre of the narrative told. Finally, we propose that the preference of the participle bāki over baka in folktales and in less committed instances of personal narratives may be related to the evidential function of the active participle in the dialects under examination.
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13

Turmuzi, Muhammad, Erma Zuriatun, Sabrina Oktarini, Firmansyah, Mislan, and Nurul Wahdaniah. "Pemanfaatan Media Visual Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Anak dan Lansia Perempuan Melalui Focus Group Discussion Di Desa Baka Jaya." Jurnal Pengabdian Magister Pendidikan IPA 5, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jpmpi.v5i1.1335.

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Desa Baka Jaya adalah salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Woja Kabupaten Dompu Nusa Tenggara Barat. Posisinya cukup strategis karena merupakan jalur provinsi. Masyarakat di desa Baka Jaya teridri dari kalangan anak-anak dan lansia perempuan yang dominan masih kurang minatnya dalam belajar sehingga kebanyakan dari mereka masih ada yang buta huruf dan buta aksara. Dari pengamatan dilapangan, masih terdapat sejumlah anak-anak dan lansia perempuan yang tidak bisa membaca, menulis dan mengenal huruf Al-Qur’an maupun menghitung. Hal ini yang perlu mendapat sorotan dan perhatian dari mahasiswa KKN terpadu Universitas Mataram untuk segera memberi solusi yaitu solusi di bidang pendidikan. Sasaran implementasi pengajaran dengan model Focus Group Discussion dalam meningkatkan minat belajar, baca, tulis dan berhitung di desa Baka Jaya Kecamatan Woja Kabupaten Dompu ini adalah anak-ank usia dini serta Lansia Perempuan yang putus sekolah. Tujuannya untuk meningkatkan minat belajar anak dan lansia permpuan karena kebanyakan masyarakat masih sangat minim minat belajarnya. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah pengajaran dan pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah telah terbentuk sekumpulan masyarakat, kelompok anak-anak dan lansia perempuan yang sudah terlatih, terampil dan minat belajarnya sudah meningkat. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari rajinnya mereka dalam mengikuti setiap kegiatan dan selalu mengerjakan tugas-tugas yang diberikan instruktur
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14

M., Kurawa, H., and Gummi, M. F. "Gudummawar Adabin Baka A Farfajiyar Tsaro: Duba Cikin Fasahar Makaɗan Bakan Zamfara." Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2022.v01i01.017.

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Matsalar tsaro a jihar Zamfara ta shafi kowa da kowa. Gwamnatoci da hukumomi da ɗaiɗaikun, Mutane, kuma a cewar kowanne yana bayar da gudummawa wajen daƙile wannan matsalar. Daga ɓangaren makaɗan baka tuni ba tun yau ba, a cikin waƙoƙinsu suke nusar da jama’a wasu abubuwan da idan da an yi riƙo da su da ba a samu kai a halin da ake ciki yanzu ba. Abubuwan ne wannan takarda, ta duba don ganin irin gudummawar da suka bayar ko jama’a ta yi tsinkaye ta koma kan ɗabi’unta da al’adunta na zamantakewa kyawawa. Makaɗan da aka kafa hujja daga waƙoƙinsu na yankin ƙasar Zamfara ne. Bahaushe kuwa yace; “Mai ɗaki shi yasan inda yake yi masa yoyo”.
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15

Шестакова, Анна Николаевна, Элизабет Сервис, Алексей Александрович Горин, and Елена Сергеевна Круглякова. "ЭЭГ-корреляты различения простых и сложных речевых контрастов в псевдословах у детей 7-10 лет." Психология. Журнал Высшей школы экономики 12, no. 4 (December 3, 2015): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1813-8918-2015-4-64-80.

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Были изучены психофизиологические аспекты обработки двух речевых контрастов, включенных в структуру псевдослов и отличавшихся по сложности восприятия, в группе финских детей 7-10 лет. Для записи вызванных потенциалов (ВП) была применена классическая oddball парадигма, в качестве стандарта использовалось псевдослово /baka/, а в качестве двух девиантов – легкое для восприятия /baga/ и более сложное /bag*a/, которое звучало как среднее между /baka/ и /baga/. Способность детей активно различать более сложный контраст была изучена в двух отдельных поведенческих сессиях, которые чередовались с записями ВП. Увеличенная амплитуда наиболее негативного ответа на стандартный стимул, а не на девианты, предполагает формирование т.н. акустического шаблона для часто повторяющихся псевдослов в ходе эксперимента. Нами не было обнаружено достоверного влияния типа блока на амплитуду негативности рассогласования, которую можно рассматривать в качестве индекса автоматически формирующегося следа сенсорной памяти. Скорее, наблюдаемые эффекты указывают на развитие процесса консолидации следов памяти в ответ на повторно предъявляемые стимулы (псевдослова), чем на приобретаемые различия в дискриминации стимулов вне активного фокуса внимания, как это предполагает классический oddball. Данное предположение также подтверждается результатами проведенного поведенческого теста на активное различение псевдослов. Результаты нашего исследования не подтверждают предположения об автоматичности процессов научения различать сложный речевой контраст в отсутствие необходимости активной поведенческой дискриминации.
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16

Szemesi, Sandor. "Baka v. Hungary (Eur. Ct. H.R.)." International Legal Materials 56, no. 2 (April 2017): 273–357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2017.5.

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17

Ayu, Sitti, Wahyu Harso, and Maghfirahtul Jannah. "Profil Toksikologis Ekstrak Daun Tumbuhan Baka-Baka (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) Pada Hati Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)." Biocelebes 14, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/bioceb.v14i1.15082.

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Hyptis capitata Jacq. plant has been using for traditional medicine. Utilization of medicinal plant must always consider to given dose because of toxic effect when too much medicine is taken. The aim of this study was to measure the liver damage in mouse caused by H. capitata Jacq. leave extract when it was given an excessive dose. Either 300 (P1), 600 (P2) or 900 (P3) µg H. capitata Jacq. leave extract was given orally to mice every 24 hours during 14 days. Zero point five ml ethanol 96% was given daily (K-) and without given anything (K+) was also conducted as a control. The result showed that mice given P3 treatment had the highest liver damage. The liver damage in mice was not statistically significant difference between P3 and K- treatments. The lowest liver damage was in mice given K+ treatment. There was no significant difference between P1 and P2 treatments on mice liver damage. Utilization of medicinal plant as traditional medicine should always be consider to doses.
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18

Kumala, Vina, and Dewi Anggraini. "ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN WISATA LUAK GADANG BUKIK BAKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA TARIK WISATA DI KABUPATEN AGAM, SUMATERA BARAT." Ensiklopedia Sosial Review 2, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33559/esr.v2i2.763.

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Luak Gadang Bukik Baka is a natural tourist attraction located in Agam Regency, West Sumatra. This tourist attraction is relatively new, so it is still managed by the community. An attraction that is favored by this tourist attraction is a fish pond with a karst cliff on one side. Bukik Baka is a beautiful hill that has lovely sees and can also be used as a camping site. This tourist attraction is still in the early stages of growth. Since opening in April 2018, the available tourist facilities are still minimal, but tourist visits to this tourist attraction are very busy. This study aims to figure out how to develop the tourism potential of Luak Gadang Bukik Baka, so that it can attract tourist visits to Jorong Guguak Rangpisang, Nagari Kamang Hilia, Agam Regency. The research approach used is the qualitative descriptive method. Obtaining the informant's researchers used the snowball technique. Observation, question, and answer (interview), and recording were used as data collection techniques. Based on the findings of the study, it can be inferred that the current innovations are in the areas of activities and services, such as lodging and facilities. Meanwhile, Luak Gadang Bukik Baka has not fully evolved in terms of physical aspects, beauty, accessibility, socio-economic, and cultural aspects. It is hoped that the Agam Regency Government will continue to support the Jorong Guguak Rangpisang community in developing the Luak Gadang Bukik Baka into a popular tourist destination.
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19

Gunawan, Gunawan Wibisono, Rafdinal Rafdinal, and Riza Linda. "Notes of Dipterocarpus Gaertn. f. (1788) Species at Mentatai Resort Nanga Pinoh Region 1 National Park Management Section Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park." BIOLOGICA SAMUDRA 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33059/jbs.v3i1.3530.

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Resort Mentatai is one of the six resorts of Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park that make up the Heart of Borneo. The Management Section of Mentatai resort in Nanga Pinoh Region I Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park is a place for monitoring and releasing of orangutans. The Dipterocarpaceae ecosystem in Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park has decreased from 46% to 33% for the period 2009 to 2017. This research aims to find out the species of Dipterocarpus found in the Mentatai resort area. The research was conducted for 3 months from October to December 2019 using the cruise method. The results were obtained 3 Dipterocarpus Gaertn. f., species such as Dipterocarpus oblongifolius Bl., Dipterocarpus gracilis Bl., and Dipterocarpus pachyphyllus Meijer.
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Ramirez Rozzi, Fernando V. "Reproduction in the Baka pygmies and drop in their fertility with the arrival of alcohol." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 27 (June 18, 2018): E6126—E6134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719637115.

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To understand the diversity of human growth and development from an evolutionary point of view, there is an urgent need to characterize the life-history variables of vanishing forager societies. The small body size of the Baka pygmies is the outcome of a low growth rate during infancy. While the ages at sexual maturity, menarche, and first delivery are similar to those in other populations, fertility aspects are unknown. In the Le Bosquet district in Cameroon, thanks to systematic birth records kept from 1980 onwards, we were able to assign ages to individuals with certainty. This study, based on chronological records and on data collected from 2007 to 2017, presents life-history variables related to fertility and mortality among the Baka pygmies: total fertility rate, age-specific fertility rate, completed family size, reproductive span, age at menopause, and infant and juvenile mortality. The Baka present low infant and juvenile mortality, and their fertility pattern differs from that of other forager societies in the higher age-specific fertility rates found in the two lower age classes. Future studies will need to assess whether this particular pattern and the short interbirth interval are related to highly cooperative childrearing, which in the Baka is associated with slow growth. The fertility rate has fallen drastically since 2011, and this matches the arrival of cheap alcohol in the community. Our data provide a first-hand record of the impact of alcohol on fertility in a hunter-gatherer society which appears to be seriously compromising the survival of the Baka.
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Kanan, Maria, and Bambang Dwicahya. "Determinan Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Desa Baka Kecamatan Tinangkung Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan." Jurnal Kesmas Untika Luwuk : Public Health Journal 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51888/phj.v10i2.13.

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Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh gambaran determinan penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue di Desa Baka Kecamatan Tinangkung Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ada seluruh rumah yang ada di Desa Baka berjumlah 657 rumah. Besar sampel berjumlah 250 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan lingkungan fisik dikategorikan berisiko terhadap kejadian penyakit DBD disebabkan kelembaban udara di Desa Baka sangat berpotensi terhadap perkembangbiakan nyamuk Aedes aegypti; lingkungan biologi diperoleh gambaran sangat berisiko terhadap kejadian penyakit DBD karena pada umumnya di Desa Baka memiliki tempat perindukan dan adanya jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Berdasarkan perilaku masyarakat seperti: kebiasaan menggantung pakaian, kebiasaan tidur siang, kebiasaan membersihkan TPA dan kebiasaan membersihkan halamam rumah, dikategorikan berisiko karena sebagian besar masyarakat masih melakukan perilaku atau kebiasaan yang dapat memberikan peluang nyamuk Aedes aegypti berkembang biak sebagai penular agen penyakit DBD. Diharapkan pada pemerintah daerah untuk mengaktifkan kembali jumat bersih. bagi instansi terkait untuk lebih meningkatkan pelaksanaan penyuluhan tentang kebersihan lingkungan, pemberantasan sarang nyamuk dan pemberian abate pada tempat-tempat penampungan air. Kepada pemeritah kecamatan untuk dapat mengaktifkan kembali petugas Juru Pemantau Jentik (JUMANTIK) di Desa minimal seminggu sekali mengingat perkembangan nyamuk dari telur menjadi jentik membutuhkan waktu kurang lebih 7 hari. The purpose of this study was to obtain a picture of the determinants of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Baka Village, Tinangkung District, Banggai Kepulauan Regency in 2019. This type of research is descriptive. The population in this study were all houses in the village of Baka totaling 657 houses. Sample size is 250 samples. The results of the study showed that the physical environment was at risk for the incidence of dengue fever due to air humidity in Baka Village, which had the potential to breed Aedes aegypti mosquitoes; biological environment obtained a very risky picture of the incidence of DHF because in general in the village of Baka has a breeding place and the larvae of Aedes aegypti. Based on community behavior such as: the habit of hanging clothes, the habit of taking a nap, the habit of cleaning landfill and the habit of cleaning the yard, are categorized as risky because most of the community still conducts behaviors or habits that can provide opportunities for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to breed as infectious agents for dengue disease. It is hoped that the regional government will reactivate Friday's clean. for related institutions to further enhance the implementation of education on environmental cleanliness, eradication of mosquito breeding sites and the provision of abates in water reservoirs. To the district government to be able to reactivate the larvae monitoring officer (JUMANTIK) in the village at least once a week considering the development of mosquitoes from eggs to larvaes takes approximately 7 days.
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Awuh, Harrison Esam. "Conservation-Induced Resettlement." Transfers 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2016.060205.

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This article demonstrates how conservation-induced immobilization affects the movement of knowledge and practices. I employ the case study of the Baka of East Cameroon to show how spatial immobility, or forced anthropostasis, among the Baka influences the flow of some kinds of knowledge and practices. This study also offers a critique of the view that, when hunter-gatherers settle in towns or permanent villages, their access to new knowledge and practices will be improved, thereby making their lives better. Rather, the loss of local medical knowledge, increased alcohol abuse, and an increasing destabilization of the ecological environment are the main detrimental consequences of new forms of knowledge that Baka are acquiring in villages as a result of contacts with the state, absorption into a capitalist society, and the influence of western-based nongovernmental organizations.
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Higgens, Kathleen. "Ritual and Symbol in Baka Life History." Anthropology Humanism Quarterly 10, no. 4 (December 1985): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ahu.1985.10.4.100.

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Zoccolillo, Matteo, Claudia Moia, Sergio Comincini, Davide Cittaro, Dejan Lazarevic, Karen A. Pisani, Jan M. Wit, and Mauro Bozzola. "Identification of novel genetic variants associated with short stature in a Baka Pygmies population." Human Genetics 139, no. 11 (June 24, 2020): 1471–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-020-02191-x.

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Abstract Human growth is a complex trait determined by genetic factors in combination with external stimuli, including environment, nutrition and hormonal status. In the past, several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have collectively identified hundreds of genetic variants having a putative effect on determining adult height in different worldwide populations. Theoretically, a valuable approach to better understand the mechanisms of complex traits as adult height is to study a population exhibiting extreme stature phenotypes, such as African Baka Pygmies. After phenotypic characterization, we sequenced the whole exomes of a cohort of Baka Pygmies and their non-Pygmies Bantu neighbors to highlight genetic variants associated with the reduced stature. Whole exome data analysis revealed 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with the reduced height in the Baka group. Among these variants, we focused on SNP rs7629425, located in the 5′-UTR of the Hyaluronidase-2 (HYAL2) gene. The frequency of the alternative allele was significantly increased compared to African and non-African populations. In vitro luciferase assay showed significant differences in transcription modulation by rs7629425 C/T alleles. In conclusion, our results suggested that the HYAL2 gene variants may play a role in the etiology of short stature in Baka Pygmies population.
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Madaris, Sri Elsa Fatima. "Derivasi Kata Menangis dan Ragam Maknanya dalam Al-Qur’an (Analisis Semantik)." Uktub: Journal of Arabic Studies 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/uktub.v2i1.6072.

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This research aims to determine the derivation of words crying and their various meanings based on semantic analysis. This type of research is qualitative research using library research methods (literature review), namely data collection and data analysis in the form of journals, articles, and theses. The results of this study indicate that the word cry in Arabic has two terms, namely Baka> and Dam’, each of the two words has a different derivation and meaning. The word Baka> is mentioned 7 times in various grammatical forms, while the word Dam’ is mentioned twice. This brings up different meanings of the word, between the meaning of the word cry and its derivation in the Qur’an, namely crying with the word Baka> which means crying because of lamentation, crying simultaneously with tears, wishing for a voice accompanied by crying, Baka> also divided into two, namely crying that is allowed and crying that is prohibited. Meanwhile, the word Dam’ has a meaning that is the name of something that flows from the eye. According to Imam Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauzi, the types of cries are: (1) cries of affection; (2) crying out of fear; (3) cries of love and longing; (4) cries of happiness and joy; (5) cry of worry; (6) crying sadness; (7) crying weakness; (8) cry of hypocrisy; (9) rental cries; and (10) cry of agreement.
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Leonhardt, Alec. "Baka and the Magic of the State: Between Autochthony and Citizenship." African Studies Review 49, no. 2 (September 2006): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2006.0110.

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Abstract:While Baka “Pygmies” are regarded as among Africa's most indigenous peoples, their autochthony seems lacking in features that would give them standing for special consideration by die state. Somehow, indigenousness does not equal autochthony. Other mobile indigenous peoples such as traders and pastoralists have also been seen as less than autochthonous. These groups lack “roots in the soil,” which makes them less subject to the authority of the state than farmers. Further, as an acephalous society, Baka political culture cannot be appropriately adjusted to interact with the hierarchical structure of the state and related institutions. For this reason the problematic autochthony of Baka is less an issue of rights within the existing structure of the state—of civil rights—than of human rights. Unfortunately, this human rights issue is not really on any policy agenda, not even that of the working group for the U.N. Draft Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
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Firmansyah Kusumayadi, Amirulmukminin Amirulmukminin, Muhammad Yusuf, Yakub Subhan, and M. Maolidin Febrian. "UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI DIVERSIFIKASI OLAHAN UMBIAN KANTI MENJADI KERUPUK KANTI VARIAN RASA DI DESA RABA BAKA KABUPATEN DOMPU." Perigel: Jurnal Penyuluhan Masyarakat Indonesia 1, no. 4 (December 12, 2022): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/perigel.v1i4.239.

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Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini untuk memberikan pelatihan terkait pembuatan kerupuk kanti varian rasa dalam memberdayakan masyarakat khusunya bagi ibu-ibu rumah tangga di Desa Raba Baka Kabupaten Dompu dan untuk mengetahui respon ibu-ibu rumah tangga di Desa Raba Baka terhadap pelatihan pembuatan kerupuk kanti. Adapun metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan metode ceramah, demonstrasi, metode tanya jawab dan latihan dalam pembuatan dan pengolahan kerupuk kanti. Pelatihan ini melibatkan para anggota mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata yang didampingi oleh dosen pendamping dari Prodi Manajemen dengan peserta para ibu-ibu PKK dan ibu rumah tangga di Desa Raba Baka. Adapun hasil dari pelatihan pembuatan kerupuk kanti varian rasa yang di yaitu (1) hasil evaluasi terhadap olahan kerupuk kanti yang dibuat peserta pelatihan secara umum termasuk kategori baik dengan rata-rata keberhasilan 80%, (2) tanggapan dari ibu-ibu PKK dan ibu rumah tangga dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan pembuatan olahan kerupuk kanti ini sangat baik, dilihat dari kehadiran mencapai 85% dan mengikuti kegiatan dari awal hingga akhir.
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Kártyás, Gábor. "The Labour Lawyer’s Reading of the Baka Case." Hungarian Yearbook of International Law and European Law 2, no. 1 (December 2014): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/hyiel/266627012014002001010.

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Fürniss, Susanne. "Musiques aka et baka : une parenté de référence." Journal des Africanistes 82, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2012): 107–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/africanistes.4314.

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30

Joiris, Daou V. "The Baka symbolic landscape as a memory process." Hunter Gatherer Research 1, no. 2 (June 2015): 225–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/hgr.2015.12.

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Weig, Doerte. "Social change mirrored in Baka dance and movement." Hunter Gatherer Research 1, no. 1 (June 2015): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/hgr.2015.4.

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Tsuru, Daisaku. "Spirit Rituals among Baka Pygmies in Southeastern Cameroon." Journal of African Studies 1996, no. 49 (1996): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11619/africa1964.1996.49_53.

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33

Nell, Sandra, Daniel Eibach, Valeria Montano, Ayas Maady, Armand Nkwescheu, Jose Siri, Wael F. Elamin, et al. "Recent Acquisition of Helicobacter pylori by Baka Pygmies." PLoS Genetics 9, no. 9 (September 19, 2013): e1003775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1003775.

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34

Funk, Stephan M., Belén Palomo Guerra, Amalia Bueno Zamora, Amy Ickowitz, Nicias Afoumpam Poni, Mohamadou Aminou Abdou, Yaya Hadam Sibama, et al. "Understanding Growth and Malnutrition in Baka Pygmy Children." Human Ecology 48, no. 3 (May 31, 2020): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-020-00161-5.

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35

Verdu, Paul, Raphaël Leblois, Alain Froment, Sylvain Théry, Serge Bahuchet, François Rousset, Evelyne Heyer, and Renaud Vitalis. "Limited dispersal in mobile hunter–gatherer Baka Pygmies." Biology Letters 6, no. 6 (April 28, 2010): 858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0192.

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Hunter–gatherer Pygmies from Central Africa are described as being extremely mobile. Using neutral genetic markers and population genetics theory, we explored the dispersal behaviour of the Baka Pygmies from Cameroon, one of the largest Pygmy populations in Central Africa. We found a strong correlation between genetic and geographical distances: a pattern of isolation by distance arising from limited parent–offspring dispersal. Our study suggests that mobile hunter–gatherers do not necessarily disperse over wide geographical areas.
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Hakiki, Muhammad. "TATA KELOLA PARIWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI NAGARI SANIANG BAKA KECAMATAN X KOTO SINGKARAK KABUPATEN SOLOK." Jurnal Demokrasi dan Politik Lokal 4, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jdpl.4.1.1-14.2022.

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Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi tata kelola pariwisata berbasis masyarakat di Nagari Saniang Baka yang dalam pelaksanaannya terkendala masalah, diantaranya kendala dana yang masih terbatas, infrastruktur yang belum memadai, dan faktor budaya kehidupan masyarakat, sehingga dalam pelaksanaannya belum berdampak bagi masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tata kelola pariwisata berbasis masyarakat di Nagari Saniang Baka Kecamatan X Koto Singkarak Kabupaten Solok Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini merujuk kepada Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2009 tentang kepariwisataan dan teori manajemen menurut Fayol. Pengelolaan pariwisata berbasis masyarakat melibatkan para pemangku kepentingan dalam kepariwisataan supaya dalam pelaksanaan nantinya sejalan dengan prinsip pokok pariwisata berbasis masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan beberapa hal yang berkaitan dengan tata kelola pariwisata berbasis masyarakat di Nagari Saniang Baka, yaitu: perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan, pengkoordinasian, dan pengendalian yang dalam setiap prosesnya berhubungan dengan partisipasi masyarakat. Pengelolaan pariwisata saat ini sedang berjalan dan sangat membutuhkan partisipasi masyarakat, namun dalam pelaksanaannya tidak semua berjalan dengan lancar karena permasalahan yang ada sehingga pengelolaan pariwisata belum berjalan efektif dan keikutsertaan partisipasi masyarakat masih rendah
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37

Goldberger, A., M. Kolodziej, M. Poncz, JS Bennett, and PJ Newman. "Effect of single amino acid substitutions on the formation of the PlA and Bak alloantigenic epitopes." Blood 78, no. 3 (August 1, 1991): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.3.681.681.

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Abstract The subunits that comprise the platelet-specific integrin alpha IIb beta 3 are polymorphic in nature, with several allelic forms present in the human gene pool. Minor changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP) IIb and IIIa encoded by these alleles can result in an alloimmune reaction after transfusion or during pregnancy. To better understand the molecular structure of the PlA alloantigen system, located on GPIIIa, and the Bak alloantigen on GPIIb, we used a heterologous mammalian expression system to express these integrin subunits in their known polymorphic forms. An expression vector containing the PlA1 form of a GPIIIa cDNA, which encodes a leucine at amino acid 33 (Leu33), was modified to express the PlA2- associated form encoding a proline at amino acid 33 (Pro33). Similarly, a Baka GPIIb cDNA expressing an isoleucine at amino acid 843 (IIe843) was modified to express the Bakb form containing a serine at the same position (Ser843). Transfection of these vectors into COS cells resulted in the synthesis of GPIIb and GPIIIa molecules that were identical in size to those present in platelet lysates. Immunoprecipitation of the GPIIIa-transfected COS lysates with PlA)- specific alloantisera indicated that the Leu33 form was recognized only by anti-PIA1 sera while the Pro33 form was bound only by anti-PlA2 sera, showing that single amino acid polymorphisms are necessary and sufficient to direct the formation of the PlA1 and PlA2 alloepitopes. Similar experiments with Bak allele-specific expression vectors indicated that while the amino acid polymorphism (IIe843 in equilibrium Ser843) was necessary, posttranslational processing of pro-IIb was required for efficient exposure of both the Baka and Bakb alloepitopes.
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Goldberger, A., M. Kolodziej, M. Poncz, JS Bennett, and PJ Newman. "Effect of single amino acid substitutions on the formation of the PlA and Bak alloantigenic epitopes." Blood 78, no. 3 (August 1, 1991): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.3.681.bloodjournal783681.

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The subunits that comprise the platelet-specific integrin alpha IIb beta 3 are polymorphic in nature, with several allelic forms present in the human gene pool. Minor changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP) IIb and IIIa encoded by these alleles can result in an alloimmune reaction after transfusion or during pregnancy. To better understand the molecular structure of the PlA alloantigen system, located on GPIIIa, and the Bak alloantigen on GPIIb, we used a heterologous mammalian expression system to express these integrin subunits in their known polymorphic forms. An expression vector containing the PlA1 form of a GPIIIa cDNA, which encodes a leucine at amino acid 33 (Leu33), was modified to express the PlA2- associated form encoding a proline at amino acid 33 (Pro33). Similarly, a Baka GPIIb cDNA expressing an isoleucine at amino acid 843 (IIe843) was modified to express the Bakb form containing a serine at the same position (Ser843). Transfection of these vectors into COS cells resulted in the synthesis of GPIIb and GPIIIa molecules that were identical in size to those present in platelet lysates. Immunoprecipitation of the GPIIIa-transfected COS lysates with PlA)- specific alloantisera indicated that the Leu33 form was recognized only by anti-PIA1 sera while the Pro33 form was bound only by anti-PlA2 sera, showing that single amino acid polymorphisms are necessary and sufficient to direct the formation of the PlA1 and PlA2 alloepitopes. Similar experiments with Bak allele-specific expression vectors indicated that while the amino acid polymorphism (IIe843 in equilibrium Ser843) was necessary, posttranslational processing of pro-IIb was required for efficient exposure of both the Baka and Bakb alloepitopes.
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39

Piqué-Fandiño, Laura, Sandrine Gallois, Samuel Pavard, and Fernando V. Ramirez Rozzi. "Reproductive seasonality in the Baka Pygmies, environmental factors and climatic changes." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): e0264761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264761.

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Reproductive seasonality is a phenomenon common to human and animal populations and driven by, among others, climatic variables. Given the currently changing climate and its impacts on both the environment and human lives, the question arises of its potential effects on reproductive seasonality. Few studies have specifically explored the seasonality of reproduction among hunter-gatherers and anyone investigated how current climate change might affect this phenomenon. In this study we addressed reproductive seasonality in the Baka Pygmy living in African rain forests. Since reproductive seasonality can be linked to weather patterns, we explore this possibility. However, climatic variables driving weather patterns have changed over the years, so we assessed whether this has influenced the Baka reproductive pattern. Based on 34 years of written birth records and oral questionnaires from 13 years of systematic fieldwork, we observed a bimodal birth pattern with two birth peaks at 6-month intervals. Our results demonstrate that precipitation at conception or at birth potentially has effects, respectively negative and positive on the monthly number of births; and temperature has a role in controlling other variables that do affect the reproductive pattern. Changing weather patterns appear to be affecting the reproductive seasonality in the Baka, suggesting that attention needs to be given to the influence of global climate change on forager societies.
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Sudiani, Ni Nyoman. "Pedanda Baka Story As Media Of Character Education Since Early Childhood." Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies 1, no. 1 (June 16, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/ijhsrs.v1i1.155.

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<p>Various media reported about poor child's behavior lately. Some violence committed by children to their own friends, lack of respect to parents and teachers, shows child’s bad character. It inspires the writer to dig back cultures that was used as a media of character building for children by their parents long ago. Bali communities has a variety of culture that can be used as a media of character education, such as storytelling culture for children, the story is believed to contain values of character education for children from an early age. The purpose of this paper is to explore values of characters that can be transferred through story of Pedanda Baka and how this story can be used as media of character education to children at an early age. This article is a review of the literature. After assessment, we found that character that can be educated through Pedanda Baka story is religious character. Character education through Pedanda Baka story was done by telling story to children by parents at home and by teachers at school because cognitive development of early childhood is a symbolic behavior, and the story is symbolic. Stories help abstract and intangible concept becomes concrete and tangible. Story can be used as a media of character education since early childhood, because it helps children imitate religious character in the story.</p>
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Susi, Mart. "The Baka Case – The Unbearable Price of Individual Justice." Hungarian Yearbook of International Law and European Law 2, no. 1 (December 2014): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/hyiel/266627012014002001009.

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42

Bragadóttir, Guðrún. "Til tunglsins og til baka: Takmarkalaus ást og gervigreindarmyndin." Ritið 21, no. 1 (2021): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/ritid.21.1.6.

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Með þróun gervigreindar undanfarna áratugi hafa dúkkur, vélmenni og forrit færst sífellt nær því að leysa manneskjur af hólmi í persónulegum samskiptum. Ljóst er að ýmiss konar tækni – allt frá stefnumótaforritum til ástarvélmenna – setur nú þegar svip sinn á ástarsambönd í nútímasamfélögum og er jafnvel farin að hafa áhrif á það hvernig við hugsum um ást. Í greininni eru kenningar Sigmunds Freuds um ást skoðaðar í samhengi við gervigreind eins og hún birtist í vísindaskáldskaparmynd Spike Jonze, Hún (Her, 2013). Leitast er við að stofna til eins konar samræðna milli kvikmyndarinnar og hugmynda Freuds, með það að markmiði að varpa ljósi á hvort tveggja. Sjónum er sérstaklega beint að hvatahagkerfinu sem Freud taldi einkenna ástarsambönd og þeim áhrifum sem gervigreint ástarviðfang, sem er ekki sömu takmörkunum háð og manneskjan, kann að hafa á upplifun mannsins sem elskar það.
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Paulin, Pascale. "En quête du locuteur baka idéal au Nord Gabon." Faits de Langues 35-36, no. 1 (2010): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-035-036-01-900000021.

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44

Kimura, Daiji. "Speech overlap and long silence among the Baka Pygmy." Journal of African Studies 1995, no. 46 (1995): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11619/africa1964.1995.1.

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45

Kiefel, V., S. Santoso, M. Weisheit, and C. Mueller-Eckhardt. "Monoclonal antibody--specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA): a new tool for the identification of platelet-reactive antibodies." Blood 70, no. 6 (December 1, 1987): 1722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.6.1722.1722.

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Abstract The analysis of sera containing different platelet-reactive antibodies, eg, autoantibodies, platelet-specific alloantibodies like anti-PIA1, - PIA2, -Baka, and HLA antibodies, is still difficult. Recently, monoclonal antibodies against major platelet membrane constituents (glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib and HLA class I molecule) have become available. In this report we describe a new assay that takes advantage of these highly specific reagents to investigate selectively platelet reactive antibodies against epitopes on different glycoproteins. The reliability and specificity of this assay is demonstrated with known platelet-reactive autoantibodies and alloantibodies (anti-PIA1, -Baka, - Pen). The discovery of a PIA2 antibody in a serum of a polytransfused patient underscores the efficiency of this technique. Possible applications of this assay are discussed in detail.
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46

Kiefel, V., S. Santoso, M. Weisheit, and C. Mueller-Eckhardt. "Monoclonal antibody--specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA): a new tool for the identification of platelet-reactive antibodies." Blood 70, no. 6 (December 1, 1987): 1722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.6.1722.bloodjournal7061722.

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The analysis of sera containing different platelet-reactive antibodies, eg, autoantibodies, platelet-specific alloantibodies like anti-PIA1, - PIA2, -Baka, and HLA antibodies, is still difficult. Recently, monoclonal antibodies against major platelet membrane constituents (glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib and HLA class I molecule) have become available. In this report we describe a new assay that takes advantage of these highly specific reagents to investigate selectively platelet reactive antibodies against epitopes on different glycoproteins. The reliability and specificity of this assay is demonstrated with known platelet-reactive autoantibodies and alloantibodies (anti-PIA1, -Baka, - Pen). The discovery of a PIA2 antibody in a serum of a polytransfused patient underscores the efficiency of this technique. Possible applications of this assay are discussed in detail.
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47

Essomba, Noel Emmanuel, Dieudonné Adiogo, Danielle Kedy Koum, Carine Ndonnang, Madeleine Irma Ngo Ngwe, Léo Njock Ayuck, Leopold Lehman, and Yves Coppieters. "Seroprevalence, attitudes and practices of the Baka Pygmies of eastern Cameroon towards HIV and AIDS." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 9, no. 08 (August 29, 2015): 849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.6635.

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Introduction: The vulnerable health status of Pygmies is the result of their continual exposure to the modern world. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and the attitudes and practices of Baka populations towards HIV infection. Methodology: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted over a five-month period in 12 Pygmy camps. A questionnaire was completed to collect information, and anonymous screenings were held. For screening, whole blood was collected. The Determine HIV-1/2 test was used as the rapid test, and the SD Bioline HIV-1/2 test was used as the second test. Associations between variables were checked. Results: A total of 560 Baka were recruited. The sex ratio was 0.92. Among the means of transmission, sexual intercourse was the most frequently cited (37.6%). A minority (28.5%) knew where to undergo an HIV test, 24.2% did not know that there exists treatment enabling patients to have a higher quality of life, and 75.7% had never used a condom. A total of 86.9% had never been tested for HIV. Subjects who had sex with the Bantu were three times more likely to be infected (p = 0.02), as well as those who had had more than three sexual partners. Conclusions: The changes affecting contemporary societies are inevitably influenced by the dominant factors of modernity, particularly progress, development, and social dynamics in all their aspects. Baka knowledge about HIV/AIDS is limited. Educational efforts, increased awareness, and guidance are needed.
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Mankongo, Aurore Nadie, David Gonzalez Alarcón, Michael Ashu Agbor, and Charles Pilipili. "Oral health therapeutic itineraries adopted by Baka Pygmies in Cameroon." International Dental Journal 71 (September 2021): S37—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2021.08.015.

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Fürniss, Susanne. "Femmes, maîtresses, mères: Chants et danses des jeunes filles baka." Cahiers de musiques traditionnelles 18 (2005): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40240563.

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Mokhtari, M., C. Kaplan, E. Gourrier, A. M. Guyader, and J. Leraillez. "Thrombopénie néonatale allo-immune par immunisation anti-HPA-3a (Baka)." Archives de Pédiatrie 4, no. 4 (April 1997): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86451-2.

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