Academic literature on the topic 'Baked bricks'

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Journal articles on the topic "Baked bricks"

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Lakho, Nawab Ali, Muhammad Auchar Zardari, and Ashfaq Ahmed Pathan. "Effect of Age and Environment on Strength of Old Baked Clay Bricks of Indus Valley Civilization." July 2016 35, no. 3 (2016): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1603.13.

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This paper presents results of experimental investigations conducted on old baked clay bricks of Indus Valley civilization of tenth century. The object of this study is to evaluate the effect of age and environmental conditions on the strength of the baked clay bricks which are about 1000 years old. The brick samples were collected from six different archeological sites at the banks of old route of River Indus in district Sanghar, Sindh, Pakistan. These specimens were tested for apparent density, compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of rupture and the weathering effects on them during the course of time. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard for baked clay bricks, based on compressive strength, suggests that the bricks of four sites can withstand severe weathering while the bricks of two sites are resistant to moderate weathering. These results were compared to the values of the corresponding data of bricks, of same period, obtained from the historical monuments of the world as reported in the literature. The comparison showed that the values of physical properties of old baked clay bricks of Indus valley civilization of tenth century are in agreement with that of old baked clay bricks of contemporary era. The results of this study could also be helpful for preservation of old archeological sites of Indus valley civilization.
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Mollaei, S. "Laboratory Study of High-Resistance Laterite-Based Geopolymer Bricks." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XIV, no. 2 (2021): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-21-i2-009.

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A high amount of energy is required to produce different types of clay and sand-lime bricks, and a huge amount of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. Also, brick waste from the destruction of dilapidated buildings pollutes the environment. The application of pozzolanic sources containing aluminosilicate and alkaline activators can be beneficial in the production of Geopolymer bricks, which do not need to be baked in a furnace and can be recycled for industrial and port facilities. A laterite-based Geopolymer brick mix design was introduced in this study as an environmental-friendly material. This type of brick is produced using available and cheap raw materials without the need for high furnace heat. The raw materials included laterite soil as aluminosilicate, laterite aggregate filler passed through sieve no. 8, and an alkaline activating solution with different concentrations. The effect of sieve size for laterite soil screening on the compressive strength of these brick samples was investigated. The results showed that the compressive strength of the prepared bricks here was much higher than the recommended standards for construction bricks and was similar to those of high- resistance bricks. The size of laterite soil sieves had a significant effect on the compressive strength of Geopolymer brick samples. The percentage of water absorption of the bricks with different concentrations of alkali activating solution was also within the recommended range for construction bricks
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Mehta, P. K., A. Kumaraswamy, V. K. Saraswat, and B. Praveen Kumar. "Utilisation of High Energy Propellant Waste in Manufacturing of Fired Clay Bricks to Enhance the Acoustic Properties." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 5 (2021): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.17015.

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The disposal and waste management of solid high energy propellant (HEP) is a considerate conservational problem. HEP waste is currently disposed in open or confined burning which may cause environmental hazards. In this paper, we examined and discussed results on recycling of HEP waste into fired clay bricks baked in different orientation. HEP modified bricks with 1.5%, 3% and 5 wt. % HEP waste content were manufactured and tested, and then compared against virgin clay bricks without HEP content. The effect of directional orientation of bricks baked with varying HEP content on acoustic properties were experimented and discussed. The sound transmission loss decreases with increase in HEP waste due to formation of independently closed directional pores. The transmission loss of horizontally baked during firing of bricks is nearly 5dB lower than vertically baked bricks. Results of the experimental studies indicate that HEP waste can be utilised in fired clay bricks and different orientation baking further enhances the acoustic properties.
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Benjeddou, Omrane, Chokri Soussi, Mohamed Amine Khadimallah, Rayed Alyousef, and Malek Jedidi. "Development of new baked bricks based on clay and sawdust." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814901040.

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Current research in the field of building materials is oriented towards the recovery of waste to ensure the lightening of certain building elements and energy saving. The objective of this study is to produce a new bricks by adding sawdust to clay mixtures. The first part of this experimental work consists on detremining the proper manufacturing process and cooking diagram for these new bricks. In the second part, the effect of the maximum cooking temperature, the firing phase time's of the bricks and the sawdust prportion on the physical and mechanical properties of the new bricks have been studied. The studied properties are the absorption ratio, the unit weight and the compressive strength. The results showed that the addition of an increasing amount of sawdust tends to modify the physical and mechanical properties of the cooked samples. The presence of sawdust reduces the number of connections between the clay grains and produces a lighter, more absorbent and less resistant material. Finally, the results showed that the manufacture of bricks based on sawdust is possible.
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Zlateva, P. "Thermal characteristics analyses of clay bricks with wheat straw additives." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1234, no. 1 (2023): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1234/1/012005.

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Abstract The production technology of the environmentally polluting baked bricks suggests that they can be replaced by bricks that are produced in an ecologically clean environment, such as the unbaked ones. In the present research work, different brick samples were made and studied, built with clay, sand and agricultural waste raw materials. With the development of the construction industry and increasing environmental requirements, research studies in the field continue to improve the thermal characteristics of the new construction materials. Thus, in the presented work bricks were made, which are a mixture of yellow clay and sand with added 5, 10, 15 and 20% wheat straw. The finished bricks are 0.35/0.08/0.17 m in size. Then, non-destructive measurements were carried out and thermal conductivity coefficient (k), specific heat capacity (Cp), thermal diffusivity (a) and density (ρ) were determined. The results of the measurements show that as the amount of wheat straw increases, the thermal characteristics of the samples improve. Finally, it is proved that the use of unbacked bricks from local clays and the utilization of binders from agricultural waste raw materials, will help to improve the energy performance of the produced environmentally friendly and economically beneficial structural building materials.
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Egenti, Clement, and Jamal Khatib. "Affordable and Sustainable Housing in Rwanda." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (2021): 4188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084188.

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Baked clay bricks (Impunyu) is the dominant wall construction material in Rwanda. Clay deposits in the country’s lowlands are utilized for baked clay bricks. Despite the ongoing campaign, the use of wood by some local brick producers is unfriendly to the environment. Recent research has called for alternative methods in order to reduce the cost and impact on the environment. Earlier efforts with compressed earth blocks were saddled with weight and a substantial use of cement for good surface texture and adequate resistance against surface erosion. This research explored the potentials of using an appropriate dose of clay (from Muhanzi), volcanic light aggregate (Amakoro, (from Musanze)), and cement to produce unbaked shelled compressed earth blocks (SCEB). SCEB is a compressed earth block with an outer shell and inner core of different cement content or materials, compressed into a unit block. The result is a masonry unit with a higher surface resistance, durability, and desirable architectural effect produced with a 60% reduction in cement content. A weight reduction of 12% was achieved with an optimum content of 33% of the volcanic lightweight aggregate. A cost reduction of 25% was recorded over conventional compressed earth brick walls and a 54% over sand-cement block walls. Possible future trends were also identified with appreciable prospects in earthen architecture.
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Benjeddou, Omrane, Chokri Soussi, Mohamed Amine Khadimallah, Rayed Alyousef, and Malek Jedidi. "Development of new baked bricks based on clay and sawdust." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201714901040.

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Laviola, Valentina. "Inserting and Combining. Stucco and Brick Tiles from the Ghaznavid Royal Palace (11th–12th c.) in Ghazni." Annali Sezione Orientale 80, no. 1-2 (2020): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685631-12340099.

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Abstract Numerous isolated tiles in brick and stucco emerged from the excavation of the Ghaznavid royal palace in Ghazni (11th–12th century). The finding in situ of edgewise laid bricks’ panels with inserted stucco tiles allows inferring that they adorned the upper section of the antechambers opening onto the palace central courtyard. How brick tiles were combined with them is still to be explained. This preliminary note offers a typological classification of tiles presenting the variety of sizes and morphologies as well as of the decorative patterns. The combination of baked brick and stucco is largely attested since the late 10th century in the architectural decoration throughout the Iranian area. Nishapur and Lashkari Bazar represent inescapable sites for comparison.
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Lozano-Miralles, José, Manuel Hermoso-Orzáez, Carmen Martínez-García, and José Rojas-Sola. "Comparative Study on the Environmental Impact of Traditional Clay Bricks Mixed with Organic Waste Using Life Cycle Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (2018): 2917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082917.

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The construction industry is responsible for 40–45% of primary energy consumption in Europe. Therefore, it is essential to find new materials with a lower environmental impact to achieve sustainable buildings. The objective of this study was to carry out the life cycle analysis (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impacts of baked clay bricks incorporating organic waste. The scope of this comparative study of LCA covers cradle to gate and involves the extraction of clay and organic waste from the brick, transport, crushing, modelling, drying and cooking. Local sustainability within a circular economy strategy is used as a laboratory test. The energy used during the cooking process of the bricks modified with organic waste, the gas emission concentrate and the emission factors are quantified experimentally in the laboratory. Potential environmental impacts are analysed and compared using the ReCiPe midpoint LCA method using SimaPro 8.0.5.13. These results achieved from this method are compared with those obtained with a second method—Impact 2002+ v2.12. The results of LCA show that the incorporation of organic waste in bricks is favourable from an environmental point of view and is a promising alternative approach in terms of environmental impacts, as it leads to a decrease of 15–20% in all the impact categories studied. Therefore, the suitability of the use of organic additives in clay bricks was confirmed, as this addition was shown to improve their efficiency and sustainability, thus reducing the environmental impact.
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Lozano-Miralles, José Adolfo, Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez, Carmen Martínez-García, and José Ignacio Rojas-Sola. "Comparative Study on the Environmental Impact of Traditional Clay Bricks Mixed with Organic Waste Using Life Cycle Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (2018): 2917. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082917.

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The construction industry is responsible for 40–45% of primary energy consumption in Europe. Therefore, it is essential to find new materials with a lower environmental impact to achieve sustainable buildings. The objective of this study was to carry out the life cycle analysis (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impacts of baked clay bricks incorporating organic waste. The scope of this comparative study of LCA covers cradle to gate and involves the extraction of clay and organic waste from the brick, transport, crushing, modelling, drying and cooking. Local sustainability within a circular economy strategy is used as a laboratory test. The energy used during the cooking process of the bricks modified with organic waste, the gas emission concentrate and the emission factors are quantified experimentally in the laboratory. Potential environmental impacts are analysed and compared using the ReCiPe midpoint LCA method using SimaPro 8.0.5.13. These results achieved from this method are compared with those obtained with a second method—Impact 2002+ v2.12. The results of LCA show that the incorporation of organic waste in bricks is favourable from an environmental point of view and is a promising alternative approach in terms of environmental impacts, as it leads to a decrease of 15–20% in all the impact categories studied. Therefore, the suitability of the use of organic additives in clay bricks was confirmed, as this addition was shown to improve their efficiency and sustainability, thus reducing the environmental impact.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Baked bricks"

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Vieira, Edileine Carvalho. "O barro cinzento paulista: produção em barro cozido nas olarias do Tijucusú e de Pinheiros. Ordem de São Bento em São Paulo entre o século XVI e o XIX." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/31/31131/tde-19012017-172430/.

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A pesquisa pretende levantar através de documentação disponível, além de outras fontes, informações sobre as origens da produção em barro cozido nas olarias da Vila de Piratininga, ou como iremos tratá-la aqui, Vila de São Paulo, especialmente sob a administração da Ordem Beneditina, no período entre 1560 e 1870. Trataremos de identificar as técnicas de produção empregadas na elaboração das peças produzidas nestas olarias, como telhas, tijolos, louças, etc, sobretudo, nas olarias da Fazenda do Tijucusú pertencentes à Ordem Beneditina e na olaria da Vila de Pinheiros administrada pelos beneditinos. Investigaremos a documentação disponível sobre as olarias e pretendemos demonstrar as técnicas e as finalidades de uso das peças ali produzidas, assim como em outras olarias da Vila de São Paulo no período citado, na tentativa de confirmar a existência efetiva de uma indústria oleira consistente e uma mão de obra especializada.<br>The research intends to raise through available documentation, and other sources, information about the origins of production in terracota in the brick kilns of Piratininga village or how we treat it, Vila Sao Paulo, especially in the administration of the Benedictine\"s Order in the period between 1560 and 1870. We will try to identify the production techniques used in the preparation of the pieces produced in these brick kilns, such as tiles, bricks, crockery, etc., and especially the potteries of Tijucusú Treasury belonging to the Benedictine Order and the pottery of Pine Village run by the Benedictines. We investigate the available documentation on these potteries and we intend to demonstrate the techniques and the use purposes of there produced parts, as well as in other potteries from the town of São Paulo in the period mentioned in an attempt to confirm the actual existence of a consistent potter industry and a skilled labor.
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Morozov, Kirill. "On cryptographic primitives based on noisy channels /." BRICS, 2005. http://www.brics.dk/DS/05/1/BRICS-DS-05-1.pdf.

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Knapp, Henning [Verfasser]. "Sensor-Based identification of Elemental Carbon and Metal in Spent Refractory Bricks / Henning Knapp." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/115983704X/34.

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Ozer, Muhammed Said. "Production And Characterization Of Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Based Polishing Bricks For Polishing Of Ceramic Tiles." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610266/index.pdf.

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Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) based grinding and polishing bricks developed for polishing of granite based ceramic tiles were produced and characterized. For surface grinding 46 and 180 grit size SiO2 powder embedded MOC based abrasive bricks<br>for polishing 600 and 1200 grit size SiC powder embedded MOC based abrasive bricks followed by neat (unreinforced) MOC pastes were applied on ceramic tiles. Three different neat MOC pastes depending on MgO/MgCl2 molar ratio in the paste e.g. 6/1, 7/1, and 8/1, were formed and evaluated. Grinding bricks were formed by adding 30 weight percentage, wt%, of both SiO2 powders. Polishing bricks were formed by adding 20, 25, and 30 wt% of both SiC powders. X-Ray diffraction analyses revealed that MOC F5 was the main crystalline phase in the neat MOC pastes. Additions of both SiO2 and SiC powders enhanced mechanical properties namely<br>compressive strength and abrasion resistance, chemical durability in water and polishing ability of MOC paste. More than 25 wt% addition of SiC powders had a tendency to decrease the compressive strength and water resistance of MOC paste. Polishing performance of abrasive bricks was evaluated in terms of mean surface roughness of ceramic tiles and abrasive brick consumption upon polishing. Scanning Electron Microscope examinations revealed the evidences of the reasons that 25 wt% SiC powder embedded abrasive bricks has the best qualifications in terms of abrasion resistance and polishing performance.
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Lagström, Philip, and Gustaf Stenlund. "A study of how the Brick and Mortar business can utilize Location-based Marketing in Sweden. : Technologies, Strategies, Privacy & Integrity and Receptiveness from a consumer and expert perspective." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25888.

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Title: A study of how the Brick and Mortar business can utilize Location-based Marketing in Sweden. - Technologies, Strategies, Privacy &amp; Integrity and Receptiveness from a consumer and expert perspective. Date: 2014-05-20 Level: Bachelor Thesis in Marketing Authors: Philip Lagström and Gustaf Stenlund. Supervisor: Klaus Solberg Søilen. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to create an understanding of what location-based marketing is and how brick and mortar businesses in Sweden can use this type of marketing, and how it affects sales and the customer experience. The objective is also to find out how consumers percept location-based marketing and possible privacy and integrity concerns. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework begins with theory regarding Smartphone usage in Sweden and privacy &amp; integrity concerns. The theory also discusses the brick and mortar business. Further, it discusses what kinds of techniques and methods that are used by location-based marketing today is, and how push and pull strategies can be used within location-based marketing. Method: The research is based on a combination of a qualitative and quantitative study. This was made to get the experts point of view and also the consumers’ perspective. The qualitative part consisted of three interviews with experts in the field of location-based marketing, mobile applications, Smartphone marketing and digital marketing. The quantitative part consisted of a survey with 357 participants Empirical framework: The empirical study consists of interviews and a survey. It begins with the interviews with the three experts; this part involves thoughts regarding location-based marketing within brick and mort, best method of LBM, consumer receptiveness, negative/positive aspects, privacy and integrity and future prospects for location-based marketing. This followed by the results from the quantitative survey with our 357 respondents; the survey gives a consumer point of view on important factors such as Smartphone use, consumer interest regarding LBM, receptiveness, privacy and integrity concerns and loyalty. Conclusion: The conclusion made in this dissertation is that location-based marketing is a great part of the digital marketing mix, and could potentially work well for Swedish brick and mortar businesses. It has potential to create increased value for consumers, which in turn can develop into a loyal customer base. The respondents of our survey are not concerned about their privacy and integrity. However, it could be a devastating blow for retailers if dealt with incorrectly.
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Demirel, Ismail Ozan. "A Nonlinear Equivalent Frame Model For Displacement Based Analysis Of Unreinforced Brick Masonry Buildings." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612772/index.pdf.

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Although performance based assessment procedures are mainly developed for reinforced concrete and steel buildings, URM buildings occupy significant portion of building stock in earthquake prone areas of the world as well as in Turkey. Variability of material properties, non-engineered nature of the construction and difficulties in structural analysis of perforated walls make analysis of URM buildings challenging. Despite sophisticated finite element models satisfy the modeling requirements, extensive experimental data for definition of material behavior and high computational resources are needed. Recently, nonlinear equivalent frame models which are developed assigning lumped plastic hinges to isotropic and homogenous equivalent frame elements are used for nonlinear modeling of URM buildings. The work presented in this thesis is about performance assessment of unreinforced brick masonry buildings in Turkey through nonlinear equivalent frame modeling technique. Reliability of the proposed model is tested with a reversed cyclic experiment conducted on a full scale, two-story URM building at the University of Pavia and a dynamic shake table test on a half scale, two story URM building at the Ismes Laboratory at Bergamo. Good agreement between numerical and experimental results is found. Finally, pushover and nonlinear time history analyses of three unreinforced brick masonry buildings which are damaged in 1995 earthquake of Dinar is conducted using the proposed three dimensional nonlinear equivalent model. After displacement demands of the buildings are determined utilizing Turkish Earthquake Code 2007, performance based assessment of the buildings are done.
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Parkman, Ian. "Two essays examining design briefs as knowledge-based assets: Content and cross-functional collaboration." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10873.

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ix, 99 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.<br>Design briefs outline the business objectives, corresponding design strategies and target markets for a product development project. Research has demonstrated that a variety of attributes influence consumer impressions of a product, less attention has been given to the within-firm mechanisms that determine the optimal mix of attributes which to embed in an offering. The first essay of this dissertation examines the role of design briefs as knowledge-based assets that function as artifacts of this process within new product development (NPD). In a second essay, this dissertation examines design briefs as knowledge-based artifacts of cross-functional collaboration during NPD. NPD is often characterized as the process by which firms transform knowledge embedded in cross-functional teams into new products. However functional areas often differ in their evaluations of information and knowledge needed to successfully complete an NPD project. Based on an expert rating and survey questionnaire procedure, results provide a framework of eight factors of cross-functional knowledge present in design briefs and empirically describes differences in evaluation within each factor across functional area.<br>Committee in charge: Dennis Howard, Chairperson, Marketing; Lynn Kahle, Member, Marketing; Joan Giese, Member, Marketing; Keven Malkewitz, Member, Not from U of O; Gary Klug, Outside Member, Human Physiology
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Alsaif, Talal M. "Trust transference from brick to click retailers : a model of perceived structural assurance in the introductory stage of customers' interaction." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13603.

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Previous studies have revealed that the creation of synergy among retailers’ channels can enhance customers’ satisfaction and loyalty. Nevertheless, little is known about utilising such synergy in inducing customers’ purchasing behaviour in electronic commerce. In an attempt to address this issue, few empirical studies have been conducted into the role of trust transference from brick to click channels in order to understand customers’ purchasing intentions. These empirical studies have mainly focused on interpersonal trust as a proxy of the transference process. Therefore, the present study seeks to articulate the importance of impersonal trust, and shed light on its expected role in the transference process during the introductory stage of customers’ interaction. Impersonal trust, or perceived structural assurance as labelled in this study, refers to customers’ beliefs in the legal and technological structures of retailers’ websites. However, the introductory stage describes the state of customers when they have not yet been exposed to a retailer’s website. These notions are thoroughly reviewed and synthesised to achieve a proper conceptualisation and operationalisation for the perceived structural assurance. Then, on the basis of previous theories and studies, a conceptual model is constructed to determine several drivers of the perceived structural assurance, as well as its consequences. With regard to the research methodology, a quantitative triangulation choice is adopted in the present study. This choice involves the design of a survey questionnaire, which is employed after relying on several explorative instruments. However, upon the insights of a pilot study, a total of 304 responses are used to analyse the overall research data. Then, the results are generated through an advanced stage of statistical analysis which is performed by Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results indicate that the validated model is robust and can be used in generalising the findings of the current research. The novelty of this study involves several contributions to the body of knowledge and practice. This study develops a model that theoretically extends the existing knowledge on the trust transference phenomenon and posits an effective approach of triangulating methods in quantitative research. Lastly, this study contributes to the practice by presenting evidence to support the synergy among retailers’ brick and click channels.
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Brookes, Lorna Marie. "Bubbles, brick walls and connectivity : families affected by parental imprisonment and their experiences of community-based support." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2014. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/12702/.

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It is estimated that around 200,000 children in the UK experience the imprisonment of a parent. Imprisonment has been described as a family affair, as families suffer the brunt of the punishment supposedly directed at the offender. Despite an awareness of this impact there is a distinct lack of community-based support services for families affected by parental imprisonment, and no central support strategy from government. This practitioner-researcher study aimed to discover how ‘whole-families’ affected by parental imprisonment (children, parents/carers and parents who are/have been prisoners) experience community-based support. A collective case study approach was utilised. Eight families who were supported by the UK based charity, Person Shaped Support (PSS) contributed their experiences; this comprised 18 participants; 5 children, 8 parents/carers, and 5 parents who had been in prison. All participants took part in one audio-recorded in-depth interview, either at PSS or in their own home. Some participants offered further insights via conversations with the researcher, which were recorded in the form of handwritten notes. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis; they were analyzed individually and then considered as part of their family grouping. Early themes from each family were then compared and contrasted from family to family. Four major themes were identified: (1) ‘Isolation and Someone to Talk To’; (2) ‘Feeling Understood and Being Judged’; (3) ‘Power, Secrets and Lies and Fighting Back’; and (4)’ Loss, Contact and Change’. Participants spoke of feeling isolated and marginalized, which some described like ‘being in bubbles’; they also described the ‘brick walls’ they experienced which reflected their frustrations of being judged and their conflict with statutory services, members of their communities and members of their own families. A tentative model centered on ‘Personal Connectivity’ is presented in which personal connectivity is seen to be the over-riding support need for these families. With enhanced personal connectivity, the families reported being able to form and maintain meaningful relationships, which helped them to better cope. Some participants also reported personal growth. Recommendations are that practitioners who aim to help families affected by parental imprisonment should adopt a ‘whole-family’ systemic approach to practice and provide support through non-judgmental listening, conveying understanding, sharing knowledge (of the criminal justice system), providing opportunities for safe family contact, and opportunities for affected families to meet peers.
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Nteo, Lemao Dorah. "Role of market based instruments in transitioning to a low carbon economy : experiences from BRICS countries and lessons for South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30640.

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Market based instruments have become a common feature in country policies aimed at transitioning to low carbon economies. BRICS countries are responsible for approximately two-thirds of the global average of carbon emissions. These countries are under continuing international pressure to demonstrate leadership in their carbon emission reduction efforts.This research explored the implementation of market based instruments in Brazil, China, India and South Africa as they transition to low carbon economies and determined the elements and driving forces informing the selection of market based instruments. The research sought to achieve three objectives, the first objective was to establish whether market based instruments were regarded as a policy option for low carbon transition initiatives by these four countries. The second objective was to determine the drivers and sectors informing a selection of market based instruments. The third objective was to extract lessons from these countries for South African to consider in its low carbon transition.The research outcomes included a model of the interrelationship between driving forces for decisions to adopt market based instruments, targeted sectors that would be subjected to such mechanisms and the eventual combination of instruments that gets implemented.<br>Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>MBA<br>Unrestricted
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Books on the topic "Baked bricks"

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Perera, H. A. Micro-computer based simulation of brick-laying. UMIST, 1996.

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Spiby, J. Throw out the bricks, build the service: Shifting acute hospital-based care into alternative settings. King's Fund, 1995.

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S, Baker David. From yeomen to brickmasters: A biography of Frederick Baker, brickmaker, 1842-1916, and the history of his family from the end of the Middle Ages until 1940 ... F. Baker & Sons, 1986.

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Jackie, Mangieri, and Hardy Donna, eds. The in's and out's of online instruction: Transitioning from brick and mortar to online teaching. Outskirts Press, 2009.

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1965-, Ravaglia Raymond, ed. Bricks and mortar: The making of a real education at the Stanford Online High School. CSLI Publications, Center for the Study of Language and Information, 2014.

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Pauline, Donnelly, and Pittman Elizabeth, eds. A short history of a big idea: The Joanna Briggs Institute, 1996-2006. Ausmed Publications, 2006.

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Social Planning Council of Metropolitan Toronto., ed. More than bricks and mortar: Building a strong social infrastructure for the new city of Toronto : recommendations from a consultation with the community-based Social Services Sector. Social Planning Council of Metropolitan Toronto, 1997.

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Mahāsaṅgha, Nepāla Ṭreḍa Yūniyana, ed. Paying back in sweat and tear: A consolidated report based on study of kamaiya liberation, brick kiln workers and domestic labour in Nepal. General Federation of Nepalese Trade Unions, 2007.

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Mahāsaṅgha, Nepāla Ṭreḍa Yūniyana, ed. Paying back in sweat and tear: A consolidated report based on study of kamaiya liberation, brick kiln workers and domestic labour in Nepal. General Federation of Nepalese Trade Unions, 2007.

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Mahāsaṅgha, Nepāla Ṭreḍa Yūniyana, ed. Paying back in sweat and tear: A consolidated report based on study of kamaiya liberation, brick kiln workers and domestic labour in Nepal. General Federation of Nepalese Trade Unions, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Baked bricks"

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Tan, Ai Shyn, Jee Cheat Tan, Lee Woen Ean, Cheng Yee Ng, Bashar S. Mohammed, and Shuhairy Norhisham. "Review of Rubber-Based Waste in Compressed Bricks." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1111-0_19.

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Padzi, Mahfodzah Md, Nor Sarah Zahir, and Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Ali. "Mechanical Characteristics of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Bricks." In Structural Integrity. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85646-5_14.

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Wondolleck, Julia M., and Steven L. Yaffee. "Bricks: Tangible Elements That Support & Guide Marine Ecosystem-Based Management." In Marine Ecosystem-Based Management in Practice. Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-800-8_7.

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Henderson, Brad. "Tech-to-Nontech Briefs." In A Math-Based Writing System for Engineers. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10756-7_18.

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Fernando, Sarah, Chamila Gunasekara, David W. Law, M. C. M. Nasvi, Sujeeva Setunge, and Ranjith Dissanayake. "Development of Blended Fly Ash-Rice Husk Ash–Based Alkali-Activated Bricks: A Sustainable Alternative to Portland Cement Brick." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2886-4_45.

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Borchate, Smita S., Nayana P. Hoolikantimath, Basavaraj Katageri, and Praveen A. Ghorpade. "Red Mud-Based Geopolymeric Clay Brick." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1862-9_35.

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Banerjee, Debosree, and Narendar Pani. "Case for an Asset-Based Indicator of Vulnerability." In NIAS Policy Briefs. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0718-1_6.

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Brocken, H., L. Pel, and K. Kopinga. "Moisture Transport over the Brick/Mortar Interface." In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Cement-Based Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80432-8_33.

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Balakrishnan, Niveditha, S. Usha, and Ponny K. Thomas. "Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Bricks: A Sustainable Construction Material." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26365-2_27.

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Faria, Kátia Cristina P., Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira, Dylmar P. Dias, Marcos Yuri S. Fagundes, and Weslley M. Ferreira. "Technological Properties of Brick Waste-Based Geopolymer." In Green Materials Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10383-5_32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Baked bricks"

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Hagaribommanahalli, Sachin, and Alan Wagner. "Initial Steps Towards Quadcopter-based Brick Placement for Construction." In Vertical Flight Society 74th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0074-2018-12910.

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We propose the possibility of using an autonomous quadcopter in a construction setting to build meaningful structures. In this paper we demonstrate these ideas using a quadcopter tasked with carrying bricks to locations specified by a notional blueprint. In our demonstrations, the quadcopter carries a foam brick to a predetermined position and places it with respect to the other bricks to create a 2-dimensional structure as specified by the blueprint. Computer vision techniques are used to verify brick positions and motion capture is used to localize the quadcopter. A custom-built 3D printed pick up/drop mechanism is used to carry the brick from the initial point to the final point. We demonstrated that a variety of structures can be created autonomously in practice using a quadcopter. We measure performance in terms of positional correctness of the structure as measured by the lateral placement error and orientation angle error. This paper discusses the theoretical approach to path generation and control systems, computer vision algorithms, blueprint algorithms, and the pick-up and drop mechanism.
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Min, Wang, Xiao Ziyue, and Liu Xinran. "Innovative Research and Application of Minnan Concrete Bricks Patterns Based on Image Processing." In 2024 International Conference on Culture-Oriented Science & Technology (CoST). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cost64302.2024.00039.

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Chen, Peng, Yong Bai, and Bin Lin. "Three-dimensional Measurement and Defect Detection Method of Refractory Bricks Based on Principal Component Analysis." In 2024 8th International Symposium on Computer Science and Intelligent Control (ISCSIC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iscsic64297.2024.00053.

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Niculescu, Bogdan Mihai, Maria Madalina Bucur, Ioana Lavinia Nita, Raluca Mihaela Maftei, and Emil Rusu. "GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCHES AT THE ROMAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE ROMULA, OLT COUNTY, ROMANIA." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s05.061.

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Romula, the most important urban settlement of Dacia Inferior (Dacia Malvensis) province of the Roman empire during the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D., was located in the present-day Resca village�Dobrosloveni commune, Olt County, Romania. Most of the Roman town remains are underneath Resca village premises, the areas suitable for archaeological or geophysical research being limited. This paper presents an integrated geophysical study carried out in the Central Fort zone of the archaeological site in September 2020, which included magnetic, gravity, and geoelectrical (ERT�Electrical Resistivity Tomography) surveys. The magnetic survey covered the entire Central Fort area (3 hectares), in continuous data acquisition mode, using profiles with approximately N�S orientation and 2 m spacing between the profiles. The gravity and ERT surveys were conducted on profiles with NE�SW and NW�SE orientation, with 2 m spacing between successive gravity measurements and 0.8 or 1 m electrode spacing. The geophysical data analysis revealed distinct anomalous zones and lineaments with preferential NW�SE and NE�SW orientations, likely corresponding to Roman construction elements incorporating baked bricks or stone, brick debris, pits, or furnaces. An anomalous lineament possibly corresponding to an underground sewer or drainage channel was also detected in the northern extremity of the surveyed perimeter. These preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the selected geophysical investigation methods in the specific conditions of Resca�Romula archeological site. A future research direction consists of testing the validity of the geophysical survey results through systematic archaeological excavations.
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Wijerathne, W. D. C. C., R. L. Samaraweera, and R. P. T. N. Rajapaksha. "Physicochemical Properties of a Brick Made from Clay Brick Waste/Cement/Rice Husk Ash – Insights from the Microstructure and FTIR Analyses." In SLIIT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES. Faculty of Humanities & Sciences, SLIIT, 2024. https://doi.org/10.54389/gojh6897.

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Masonry units (i.e., bricks or earth blocks) made from agro and demolition waste have become popular day-by-day as a sustainable solution for environmental pollution. At the same time, such developments are also proposed as “adsorptive units” to treat heavy metals and organic dyes in industrial effluent streams. In this regard, a brick made from rice husk ash/cement/clay brick waste has been proposed to serve as both a masonry and adsorptive unit with a compressive strength of 3.61 MPa and 51% water absorption, which is suitable for non-load-bearing applications and can effectively adsorb common pollutants in wastewater (i.e. Pb(II), Hg(II), As(V)). However, the reported adsorption and mechanical properties have not been linked with the brick’s microstructure and surface characteristics. Thus, an in-depth understanding of the brick’s performance is unclear. In this regard, the present study utilizes Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques to investigate the above. As per study outcomes, a pozzolanic reaction is evident in the brick through SEM and FTIR analyses. The phases portlandite, ettringite and calcium hydroxide phases are visible in the brick after 28 days of development, and the brick’s physical properties (water absorbency and compressive strength) can be correlated with C-S-H and C-A-H phases. Based on FTIR studies, it is evident that active groups (O-H and C-S-H) exist on the brick’s surface to assist the adsorption of Hg (II), Pb(II) and As(V) adsorbates. Keywords: Rice husk ash; Clay brick waste; Brick; Adsorption; FTIR
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Scelsa, Jonathan A. "Additive Envelopes: Robotic Volumetric Porous Bricks for Habitat Reformation." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.4.

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The story goes that Lou Kahn, gathered his students into a room and began pontificating over personified bricks in what has now become a canonic conversation: “You say to a brick, ‘What do you want, brick?’ And brick says to you, ‘I like an arch.’ And you say to brick, ‘Look, I want one, too, but arches are expensive, and I can use a concrete lintel.’ And then you say: ‘What do you think of that, brick?’ and the Brick says: ‘I like an arch .’ While this rhetoric pronounced the brick’s structural potentials due to the intrinsic disciplinary problems of stacking volumes, it undermined the Brick’s other potential capacities inherent to its volumetric nature. As such, with the arrival of post-modern construction that transformed the architectural envelope into a series of monofunctional layers within a rainscreen, it is not surprising that brick became flattened into a ‘sticker’ as an image-oriented scenographic pursuit neutered of its structural capacity. A two-dimensional graphic element easily commodified by neoliberal corporate culture, as evident from the thinly applied arches in recent facadist developer minded gentrification practices.In lieu of complicity in this culture of thinning, the research pedagogy showcased in this studio championed a resistance to the thinning of the brick based on its volumetric capacity to perform other roles such as thermodynamics or playing host to ecology towards habitat restoration. The promise of this new constructive principle suggests a volumetric wall construction that rebalances the flora and fauna within the urban ecology, while simultaneously lowering the albedo of our buildings’ contribution to the Urban Heat Island. This advanced option studio worked closely with a brick heritage museum sited within a village historically associated with the manufacturing of brick for the 20th century. The studio worked closely with the docents and curators of the existing museum in the processes of site selection, immersive brick production history, and community engagement.
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Grassi, Giulia, Aikebaier Erken, and Ingrid Paoletti. "Organic Brick." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.595.

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Clay is one of the earliest known material used in construction, and the most widely used building material on the planet. Our ancestors have performed the tasks of mixing water with dust to make clay, then shaping it into bricks, bricks into buildings, and buildings into cities for more than ten thousand years. In recent years, 3D printing technology has become increasingly popular thanks to its ability to manufacture complex morphologies and to optimize physical and mechanical properties for specific applications. This study investigates customized 3D clay bricks as a new building material (building component) by employing resources that are eco-friendly, locally available, inexpensive, and driven from recycled sources or waste streams. In this experiment, four different fiber types have been investigated with different clay treatment. The specimens were fabricated in the laboratory and tested with unconfined compression loading. The strength and ductility of the clay specimens were then analyzed based on the experiment results. Several experiments have been conducted during the study for understanding the effects of different fibers when mixed with clay in order to identify which type of fibers and which size has the most effective influence on its compression strength. Furthermore, it has been tested also the water absorption of the 3D printed brick. A case study has been developed to show the actual potential of 3D printed clay bricks for a small housing complex. The project is located in a village near to Abuja, Nigeria, at a time of exponential population increase and associated lack of affordable housing. The 3D printed blocks embed a cooling function, thanks to their geometry and the presence of cooling pipes directly in the wall. The result is a highly flexible envelope, designed to be resilient and energy efficient.
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Oladunmoye, O. M., J. O. Awofodu, and L. O. Babatunde. "An Experimental Study of the Technical Properties and Compressive Strength of Laterite Bricks Stabilised with Cement and Wood Ash." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p24.

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An Experimental Study of the Technical Properties and Compressive Strength of Laterite Bricks Stabilised with Cement and Wood Ash 1Oladunmoye, O.M., 2Awofodu, J.O. &amp; 3Babatunde, L.O. Department of Architecture, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Department of Architecture, Lead City University Ibadan. Department of Architectural technology, Oke-ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State E-mails: .Bjarchimat15@gmail.com; Josephstone69@gmail.com ABSTRACT An experimental study was carried out in order to determine the compressive strength and technical properties of laterite bricks stabilized with cement, wood ash and sawdust. Cement stabilized compressed laterite bricks were tested. The compressive strength of lateritic soil based materials were determined. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect(s) of addition of cement and wood ash to lateritic soil brick on the compressive strength using four soil samples. The findings showed positive effect of the additives of cement and wood ash on increasing the compressive strength of the stabilized laterite bricks. The study showed that the optimum value for water absorption of wood ash stabilisation is at 10% C with 5% WA (19.09%) replacement and 15% C with 10% SD. The compressive strength of the different samples measured showed increase in the failure point of the brick with increase in percentage of cement and wood ash. Keywords: Technical Properties, Compressive Strength, Laterite Bricks , Cement and Wood Ash Proceedings Reference Format
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Hussain, Mazhar, Daniel Levacher, Nathalie Leblanc, Hafida Zmamou, Irini Djeran Maigre, and Andry Razakamanantsoa. "Influence of Palm Oil Fibers Length Variation on Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Crude Bricks." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.707.

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Crude bricks are composite materials manufactured with sediments and natural fibers. Natural fibers are waste materials and used in construction materials for reinforcement. Their reuse in manufacturing reinforced crude bricks is eco-friendly and improves mechanical and thermal characteristics of crude bricks. Factors such as type of fibers, percentage of fibers, length of fibers and distribution of fibers inside the bricks have significant effect on mechanical, physical and thermal properties of biobased composite materials. It can be observed by tests such as indirect tensile strength, compressive strength for mechanical characteristics, density, shrinkage, color for physical properties, thermal conductivity and resistivity for thermal properties, and inundation test for durability of crude bricks. In this study, mechanical and physical characteristics of crude bricks reinforced with palm oil fibers are investigated and effect of change in percentage and length of fibers is observed. Crude bricks of size 4*4*16 cm3 are manufactured with dredged sediments from Usumacinta River, Mexico and reinforced with palm oil fibers at laboratory scale. For this purpose, sediments and palm oil fibers characteristics were studied. Length of fibers used is 2cm and 3cm. Bricks manufacturing steps such as sediments fibers mixing, moulding, compaction and drying are elaborated. Dynamic compaction is opted for compaction of crude bricks due to energy control. Indirect tensile strength and compressive strength tests are conducted to identify the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks. Physical properties of bricks are studied through density and shrinkage. Durability of crude bricks is observed with inundation test. Thermal properties are studied with thermal conductivity and resistivity test. Distribution and orientation of fibers and fibers counting are done to observe the homogeneity of fibers inside the crude bricks. Finally, comparison between the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks manufactured with 2cm and 3cm length with control specimen was made.
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"Utilization of Cenosphere in Manufacturing of Fly Ash Brick." In Recent Advancements in Geotechnical Engineering. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901618-13.

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Abstract. Our project was built with cenosphere material and low-density brick. The cenosphere bricks may be lighter and stronger than traditional fly ash bricks. Cement is used to replace the cenosphere in fly ash bricks in the following proportions: 230mm x 100mm x 75mm sample size for blend percentage of cenosphere, fly ash, and quarry dust. The results show how compressive strength and water absorption vary with curing age for mixed proportions of the materials mentioned previously. Then we can use the 230mm x 100mm x 75mm specimen size to cast bricks with various mix proportions of cenosphere, fly ash, and quarry dust. The weight, compressive strength, and water absorption of the cenosphere with various proportions of fly ash bricks were then compared. Via comprehensive laboratory work, this investigation is primarily based on optimizing the compressive strength of newly formed bricks thus minimizing weight density and water absorption. A definitive goal of undertaking this point as project work is to recognize factors influencing the different properties of bricks.
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Reports on the topic "Baked bricks"

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Ganger, Gregory R., John D. Strunk, and Andrew J. Klosterman. Self-*Storage: Brick-based storage with automated administration. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada461187.

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Vander Wal, RANDY, James Heim II, and Uday Turaga. Coal-based Bricks & Blocks (CBBs): Process Development to Prototype Fabrication Coupled with Techno-Economic Analysis and Market Survey. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2246723.

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Porter, Joanne, Jessica Reeves, and Valerie Prokopiv. Rainbow brick road report : a snapshot into LGBTQIA+ Lives in Gippsland. Federation University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35843/rbrrasillg.

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Gippsland Pride embarked on an ambitious undertaking to capture the lived experiences of the LGBTQIA+ community across Gippsland through a series of professional development workshops and a Gippsland wide survey. A total of 119 people registered to attend the professional development workshops and a total of 214 surveys were collected, this report represents the findings from this data collection. The purpose of this evidence-based report is to highlight the thoughts and experiences of members of the Gippsland LGBTQIA+ community to inform future strategic plans. The summary report and the expanded report are products of Gippsland Pride's engagement of CERG. The recommendations within and summaries provided have been collated, analysed, and produced by the CERG team.
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Porter, Joanne, Jessica Reeves, and Valerie Prokopiv. Rainbow brick road report : A snapshot into LGBTQIA+ Lives in Gippsland, Summary report. Federation University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35843/rbrrasillgsr.

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Summary of the findings of Gippsland Rainbow Brick Road Project report Gippsland Pride Inc. embarked on an ambitious undertaking to capture the lived experiences of the LGBTQIA+ community across Gippsland through a series of professional development workshops and a Gippsland wide survey. A total of 119 people registered to attend the professional development workshops and a total of 214 surveys were collected, this report presents a summary of the findings from this data collection. The purpose of this evidence-based report is to highlight the thoughts and experiences of members of the Gippsland LGBTQIA+ community to inform future strategic plans.
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Bacalso-Medalla, Jerelyn. Developing and Sustaining Agroecotourism through a Community-Based Approach. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/pn2023.18.

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Agroecotourism's success lies in a community-based approach that empowers locals, giving them control over initiatives and strengthening their ties to resources and livelihoods. This fosters sustainable development while preserving traditional practices and biodiversity. This Policy Note explores the viability of community-based agroecotourism for an integrated sustainable farming system in Barangay Lantud in Talakag, Bukidnon. Using the community-based approach, the study provided strategies to address the challenges of establishing a sustainable community-based agroecotourism in the area. It concludes that the community-based agroecotourism approach brings socioeconomic benefits like jobs, income diversification, and entrepreneurship, which can lead to improved living standards and poverty reduction. It also notes that overcoming obstacles, such as inconsistent regulations and inadequate infrastructure, is vital for agroecotourism's viability, underscoring the need for effective management and stakeholder collaboration.
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Luke Luna, Christina, and Josh Weisgrau. Exponential Change Brings Exponential Choice: Navigating Life, Learning, and Career. Digital Promise, 2025. https://doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/244.

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Success in life and career is often viewed through a narrow lens, but what if we reimagined the pathways that lead there? This work explores a new vision for navigating education and career transitions, emphasizing adaptability, learner agency, and competency-based approaches. Through personal stories and key insights, we examine how K-12 and higher education institutions must evolve to support more flexible, individualized learning experiences. By recognizing the connections between skills, identity, and career growth, we can better equip learners for the complexities of the modern world.
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Castro, Carolina Robledo, Piedad Rocio Lerma-Castaño, and Luis Gerardo Pachón-Ospina. Rehabilitation programs based on computational systems: effects in the executive functions in young and middle adulthood: A scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0052.

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Review question / Objective: To identify empirical studies that measured the feasibility and effect of computer-based executive function stimulation and rehabilitation programs in the young and middle adult population. Background: Reviews that evaluate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training programs on executive functions in different population groups have shown contradictory results, to a certain extent associated with the methodological characteristics of said studies (Gates et al., 2019; 2020); most of them These reviews have focused on older adults (Ten Brinke et al., 2020; Yoo et al., 2015) with stroke sequelae, and adults with cognitive impairment. These studies have found improvements in general cognitive function in older adults (Ten Brinke et al., 2020); however, the effect on executive functions have not been studied. Only one review was carried out on the average adult (Gates et al., 2019); the authors restricted the search to interventions with more than 12 weeks and only found one article with eligibility criteria. Their work concluded that computerized cognitive training in midlife demonstrated lasting effects on general cognitive function after 12 weeks of training and on memory after 24 weeks of training.
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Carter, T. R., C. E. Logan, J K Clark, H. A. J. Russell, E. H. Priebe, and S. Sun. A three-dimensional bedrock hydrostratigraphic model of southern Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331098.

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A hydrostratigraphic framework has been developed for southern Ontario consisting of 15 hydrostratigraphic units and 3 regional hydrochemical regimes. Using this framework, the 54 layer 3-D lithostratigraphic model has been converted into a 15 layer 3-D hydrostratigraphic model. Layers are expressed as either aquifer or aquitard based principally on hydrogeologic characteristics, in particular the permeability and the occurrence/absence of groundwater when intersected by a water well or petroleum well. Hydrostratigraphic aquifer units are sub-divided into up to three distinct hydrochemical regimes: brines (deep), brackish-saline sulphur water (intermediate), and fresh (shallow). The hydrostratigraphic unit assignment provides a standard nomenclature and definition for regional flow modelling of potable water and deeper fluids. Included in the model are: 1) 3-D hydrostratigraphic units, 2) 3-D hydrochemical fluid zones within aquifers, 3) 3-D representations of oil and natural gas reservoirs which form an integral part of the intermediate to deep groundwater regimes, 4) 3-D fluid level surfaces for deep Cambrian brines, for brines and fresh to sulphurous groundwater in the Guelph Aquifer, and the fresh to sulphurous groundwater of the Bass Islands Aquifer and Lucas-Dundee Aquifer, 5) inferred shallow karst, 6) base of fresh water, 7) Lockport Group TDS, and 8) the 3-D lithostratigraphy. The 3-D hydrostratigraphic model is derived from the lithostratigraphic layers of the published 3-D geological model. It is constructed using Leapfrog Works at 400 m grid scale and is distributed in a proprietary format with free viewer software as well as industry standard formats.
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López-Lalinde, Lina, Meredith Kozak, Eva Muluve, and Ruth Nanjekho Wafubwa. Gender and education in Kenya. Population Council, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2024.1035.

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The Kenya Gender and Education Roadmap is a series of four evidence briefs designed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the gender and education landscape in Kenya. Drawing from a variety of key data sources, including the Population Council’s Evidence for Gender and Education Resource (EGER) Database, DHS and national-level datasets, and recent literature from East Africa the series provides data-driven insights into gender-related barriers to schooling, especially for girls. By combining needs assessments, current evidence, and practice-based research, the series sheds light on the alignments and gaps in Kenya’s efforts to achieve gender equity in education.
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López-Lalinde, Lina, Meredith Kozak, Eva Muluve, Ruth Nanjekho Wafubwa, and Erica Soler-Hampejsek. The state of gender and education needs in Kenya: The missing step toward gender equity. Population Council, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2024.1032.

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The Kenya Gender and Education Roadmap is a series of four evidence briefs designed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the gender and education landscape in Kenya. Drawing from a variety of key data sources, including the Population Council’s Evidence for Gender and Education Resource (EGER) Database, DHS and national-level datasets, and recent literature from East Africa the series provides data-driven insights into gender-related barriers to schooling, especially for girls. By combining needs assessments, current evidence, and practice-based research, the series sheds light on the alignments and gaps in Kenya’s efforts to achieve gender equity in education.
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