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Journal articles on the topic 'Balance figure'
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Saunders, N., N. Hanson, P. Koutakis, A. Chaudhari, and S. Devor. "Figure Skater Level Moderates Balance Training." International Journal of Sports Medicine 34, no. 04 (November 26, 2012): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1327653.
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Thomson, Scott C., and Roland C. Blantz. "Glomerulotubular Balance, Tubuloglomerular Feedback, and Salt Homeostasis: Figure 1." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 19, no. 12 (March 5, 2008): 2272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.2007121326.
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Braxmeyer, DL, and JL Keyes. "The pathophysiology of potassium balance." Critical Care Nurse 16, no. 5 (October 1, 1996): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn1996.16.5.59.
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Knowledge of the mechanisms causing potassium imbalance provides tools for the nurse to assess symptoms and intervene with appropriate and timely action for patients with potassium imbalance. Figure 5 provides a flow chart as a guide for carrying out assessment of potassium balance in those individuals who are at risk.
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Yordanova, Tatiana. "RESEARCH ON ANTHROPOMETRIC FACTORS AND BALANCE STABILITY OF FIGURE SKATERS." Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 1, no. 2020 (July 13, 2020): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/jass.2020.01.7.
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Slater, Lindsay V., Melissa Vriner, Kristen Schuyten, Peter Zapalo, and Joseph M. Hart. "Sex Differences in Y-Balance Performance in Elite Figure Skaters." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 34, no. 5 (May 2020): 1416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000002542.
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Hydbring, Per, and Lars-Gunnar Larsson. "Tipping the Balance: Cdk2 Enables Myc to Suppress Senescence: Figure 1." Cancer Research 70, no. 17 (August 16, 2010): 6687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1383.
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Swidari, Denda, Lalu Khairul Abdi, Yuli Laraeni, and Abdul Salam. "Penyuluhan Melalui Media Tokoh Adat Bayan (WETUTELU) Terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu Balita Tentang Pesan Gizi Seimbang." Jurnal Gizi Prima (Prime Nutrition Journal) 5, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32807/jgp.v5i1.168.
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Background : Factors of education and knowledge mothers of toddlers can influence nutritional status. One effort to improve nutritional status is to increase knowledge about nutrition with nutrition counseling. Knowledge can be influenced by education, people who are highly educated will have broader knowledge and have openness to accept new things. While people with low education tend to have old thinking patterns and are less open to new things including a strong area of customs and traditional. One of the ways to influence the mindset of community with these condition is to use a communication facilitator who is believed to be a role model for the community. So, in this reseach the role of cultural figure was used, so that people receive more material. Objectives : Knowing the influence of educatuin by cultural figure on knowledge of mothers of toddlers about balance nutritional massages. Methods : This Research is pre-experimental study. Which allows testing of changes that occur after the intervention. This research design was used one grup pretest-posttest design. Results : there is an increase in knowledge in the form of difference in scores from pretest to posttest. Based on the result of the analysis using wilcoxon, the influence of education by cultural figure on the knowledge of mothers of toddlers about balance nutritional massages obtained p=0.00 atau p<0.05 meaning there is influence. Conclusion : There is the influence of education by cultural figure on knowledge of mothers of toddlers about balanced nutrition massages.
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Luxon, Linda M. "Disorders of hearing and balance." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 8, no. 1 (February 1998): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259898008053.
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The cochleovestibular system is unique in that the peripheral labyrinth subserves two senses, hearing and balance, while the central auditory and vestibular connections diverge within the central nervous system and interact with a multiplicity of information from other sensory inputs. During the seventh decade of life, approximately 40% of people in Great Britain have a significant hearing impairment while in the eighth decade of life this figure rises to 60%. By the age of 65, 35% of people have experienced episodes of dizziness and by the age of 80, two-thirds of women and one-third of men have suffered episodes of vertigo. The elderly population is reported to be increasing by approximately 30% every 20 years and the prevalence of vertigo and hearing loss has been reported to rise in parallel with advancing age.
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Matrone, Michael A., Rebecca A. Whipple, Eric M. Balzer, and Stuart S. Martin. "Microtentacles Tip the Balance of Cytoskeletal Forces in Circulating Tumor Cells: Figure 1." Cancer Research 70, no. 20 (October 5, 2010): 7737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1569.
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Sakane, Masataka, T. Tsukanishi, T. Funayama, M. Kobayashi, and N. Ochiai. "Unidirectional Porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Substitute: Examination of Balance between New Bone Formation and Absorption." Key Engineering Materials 493-494 (October 2011): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.493-494.132.
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In the present study, we have newly developed an artificial bone substitute, which is unidirectional porous β-tricalcium phosphate (UDPTCP). The objective of this study was to examine the effects of high and low porosity substitutes on the balance between new bone formation and β-TCP absorption. Materials and MethodsSix male Japanese white rabbits (weight 3.1–3.5 kg, approximately 18– 21 weeks old) were used for this study. Intra-venous injection of pent barbiturate was administered and the both medial and lateral femoral condyle were exposed. A hole of 5 mm diameter was drilled to a depth of 12 mm in the metaphysis, perpendicular to the long axis of the femur. (Figure 1) Figure 1. Operation procedureIn the next step, a cylindrical UDPTCP test piece measuring 4.8 × 11 mm was implanted in the holes. Within the bone substitute, unidirectional pores ranging from 100 to 300 μm in diameter were made. This unique architecture fostered transmission of fluids and cells into the piece. In this case, the test piece was implanted into the bone perpendicular to the long axis of the femur, and the orientation of uni-directional pore was parallel to the long axis of femur. We prepared two different test pieces having low (69%) and high (74%) porosities. Half of the animals were sacrificed at 3 weeks after the operation and the remaining half at 6 weeks. After removal of the femoral condyle, the specimen was fixed in formalin and demineralized. Specimens were obtained from the central axis of the cylindrical piece as well as from the lateral or medial surfaces at a distance of 4 mm from midline. The histological samples were prepared for H&E and TRAP staining. Results and Discussion At 3 weeks interval, woven bone, which was formed along the wall of the substitute, could be observed by H&E staining in both low and high porosity substitutes (Figure 2a, 2b). In addition, there were osteoblast-like cells lining the newly formed bone surface with extensive capillary formation (Figure 3). At 6 weeks, the β-TCP walls had thinned and bone had matured in both the groups (Figure 4a, 4b). However, in the high-porosity group, β-TCP absorption tended to be more prominent (Figure 4). In addition, it was observed that at the center of the piece, β-TCP absorption was more prominent than that in the 4 mm-area obtained from the lateral or medial surfaces. At 3 and 6 weeks interval, activities of osteoclast-like multinuclear cells were seen on the surface of the pore wall as observed by TRAP staining. Figure 2a. Low porosity (69%) Figure 2b. High porosity (74%) Fig.2a and Fig.2b H&E staining (×12.5) after 3 weeks (center of the specimen)Figure 3. Formation of woven bone with osteoblast-like cells lining the low porosity specimen at 3 weeks. (H&E staining ×400) Figure 4a. Low porosity Figure 4b. High porosityFig.4a and Fig. 4b H&E staining at 6 weeks after implantation. In high porosity, dense-pink staining areas are located at peripheral in the field.Figure 5. TRAP-positive multinuclear cells (black arrow) were seen on the wall and in the capillaries.Conclusions The UDPTCP implanted in the medullar canal of the femur was absorbed by multinuclear cells and quickly replaced by the newly formed bone. Our results are consistent with those of other studies using porous β-TCP [1]. In our preparation, porosity had certain effects on the balance between bone formation and β-TCP absorption. Because of the unique architecture of unidirectional pores within the β-TCP specimen as well as easy formation of capillary network and access to osteoclasts may have accelerated absorption of the substitute. UDPTCP is very promising scaffolding material for bone regeneration. However, optimization of the porosity of UDPTCP in accordance with its application site is necessary before its clinical use. Reference[1] Naoki Kondo, Akira Ogose, Kunihiko Tokunaga, Tomoyuki Ito, Katsumitsu Arai, Naoko Kudo, Hikaru Inoue, Hiroyuki Irie, Naoto Endo: Bone formation and resorption of highly purified β-tricalcium phosphate in the rat femoral condyle. Biomaterials 26: 5600-5608, October 2005.
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Miller, Carol A., Jennifer E. Williams, Katey L. Durham, Selena C. Hom, and Julie L. Smith. "The effect of a supervised community–based exercise program on balance, balance confidence, and gait in individuals with lower limb amputation." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 5 (January 9, 2017): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616683818.
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Background:Many individuals with lower limb loss report concern with walking ability after completing structured traditional rehabilitation.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of a supervised community–based exercise program on balance, balance confidence, and gait in individuals with lower limb amputation.Study design:Repeated measures.Methods:The supervised exercise program was offered biweekly for 6 weeks. The GAITRite System by CIR Systems, Inc., the Figure-of-8 Walk Test, and Activity-specific Balance Confidence Scale were used to measure clinical outcomes pre- and post-intervention.Results:In total, 16 participants with lower limb amputation (mean age: 50.8 years) completed the study. A multivariate, repeated measures analysis of variance indicated a statistically significant effect of training across six clinical outcome measures ( F(6, 10) = 4.514, p = .018). Moderate effect sizes were found for the Figure-of-8 Walk Test ( η2= .586), Activity-specific Balance Confidence Scale ( η2= .504), and gait velocity at comfortable walking speed ( η2= .574). The average increase in gait speed was clinically meaningful at .14 m/s.Conclusion:The supervised community–based exercise program implemented in this study was designed to address specific functional needs for individuals with lower limb loss. Each participant experienced clinically meaningful improvements in balance, balance confidence, and walking ability.Clinical relevanceThe provision of a supervised community–based exercise program, after traditional rehabilitation, provides opportunity to offer a continuum of care that may enhance prosthetic functional ability and active participation in the community for individuals with lower limb amputation.
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Babenko, L. I. "ABOUT THE BORDERS OF PECTORALS FROM THE TOLSTAYA MOGILA AND THE BOLSHAYA BLIZNITSA." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 27, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.02.10.
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Foreword. In the construction of the pectorals from the Tolstaya Mogila and the Bolshaya Bliznitsa the border were used, that edged the frame figure composition on one or both sides. Despite stylistic likeliness (egg-and-dart ornamentation), the borders differ in structure, skill level, and their functional intended purpose.
The border of pectoral from the Tolstaya Mogila. The lower frieze border of the pectoral from the Tolstaya Mogila narrowed the gap height at the whole length by 4 mm, which provided optimal disposition of sculpture figures between two frieze binders. And also it visually enlarged the frieze width, promoting for more harmonic balance of the upper and lower friezes. The border of pectoral from the Bolshaya Bliznitsa. Two borders, that edged the figure composition of the pectoral from the Bolshaya Bliznitsa, when combined with 17 transverse strips, served as a framework for frieze figures bracing. They also ensured better immobility for pectoral binders that are laid of three ducts.
Conclusions. Usage of different design solutions in pectorals construction can evidence for their manufacture in different workshops.
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Ramadan, Abdulraouf, Jilu Zhang, Mohammad Abu Zaid, Heather O'Leary, Reuben Kapur, Helmut Hanenberg, Jie Sun, Hal E. Broxmeyer, Mark H. Kaplan, and Sophie Paczesny. "IL-33/ST2 Triggering of IL-9-Secreting T Cells Alters the Balance of Fatal Immunity and Tumor Immunity." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.231.231.
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Abstract Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has changed little over the last several decades and prognosis remains very poor. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is one potentially curative option for relapsed or high-risk AML. The immunotherapeutic activity of allo-HCT is known as the graft-vs-leukemia (GVL) activity. However, GVL activity is often accompanied by T-cell reactivity to allo-antigens in normal host tissues, which leads to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), another major cause of death after HCT with relapse. Therefore, there is a great unmet need to improve the current process of allo-HCT through increasing the GVL activity and decreasing GVHD. We have shown that an elevated plasma level of soluble (s)ST2 in HCT patients is a risk factor for severe GVHD (Vander Lugt et al, N Engl J Med, 2013) and that ST2 blockade reduces sST2-producing T cells while maintaining protective membrane (m)ST2-expressing T cells during GVHD (Zhang et al, Sci Transl Med, 2015). In addition, the interleukin (IL)-9-producing CD4 T helper (Th)9 and CD8 cytotoxic T (Tc)9 cell subsets (together T9 cells) have higher antitumor activity than Th1 and Tc1 cells in melanoma models (Lu et al, J Clin Invest, 2012 and Lu et al, ProcNatl Acad Sci, 2014). We hypothesized that activation of the ST2/IL-33 pathway in T9 cells will both alleviate GVHD and increase GVL. In our laboratory, we have shown that T9 cells express a high level of mST2 and that differentiation of total T cells into T9 cells in the presence of IL-33 (T9IL-33 cells) increases expression of mST2 (Figure 1A) and PU.1 (Figure 1B), a transcription factor that promotes IL-9 production on both CD4 and CD8 T cells. Adoptive transfer of T9IL-33 cells with bone marrow cells in a murine model of HCT resulted in less severe GVHD compared to transfer of T9IL33 cells generated from ST2-/- or IL-9-/- T cells (Figure 1C). Ex-vivo analysis of target organs such as gut showed a decrease in T9IL-33 interferon (IFN)g-producing T cells that was abolished in mice receiving T9IL-33 cells derived from ST2-/- or IL-9-/- T cells (not shown). Furthermore, T9IL-33 cells revealed higher anti-leukemic activity in vitro when cultured with a B cell lymphoma line (A20) or retrovirally transduced MLL-AF9 leukemic cells in cytolytic assays (not shown). In vivo GVL experiments with MLL-AF9 induced leukemia, and adoptive transfer of T9IL-33 cells resulted in increased survival compared to transfer of T9IL-33 cells generated from ST2-/- or IL-9-/- T cells (Figure 1D). Human T9 cells are poorly explored. We demonstrated that differentiation of human T9 cells in the presence of IL-33 enhanced IL-9 production by CD4 and CD8 T cells (Figure 2A). T9IL-33 cells also upregulated the expression of the cytolytic molecules granzymes A and B compared to T9 cells (Th9IL-33: 33.6%±4%, vs. Th9: 15.69%±2.53% p=0.021), (Tc9IL-33: 57.6%±4.7%, vs. Tc9: 34.61%±3.4% p=0.018), as well as demonstrated higher in vitro anti- leukemic cytolytic activity when incubated with MOLM14, an aggressive AML tumor cell line expressing FLT3/ITD mutations (Figure 2B). Transcriptome analysis of T9IL-33 cells from wild-type and ST2-/- T cells showed upregulation of molecules implicated in anti-leukemic activity (granzymes A and B, CD8α, IL-15, IL-15rα, IFNα, and IL-1α) on both CD4 and CD8 T cells (Figure 2C), and such upregulation was confirmed at the protein level (Figure 2D). Furthermore,investigations into the possible mechanism of activation using transwell assays revealed that both soluble factors and cell contact between Th9IL-33 and Tc9IL-33 T cells were required for maximum killing (not shown). We next investigated the possible mechanism of action and hypothesized that CD8α might be the contact-dependent component. CD8α blockade with neutralizing antibody during human T9IL-33 differentiation reduced the cytotoxicity of both murine T9IL-33 and human T9IL-33 cells (Figure 2E). Altogether, our observations suggest that adoptive transfer of T9IL-33 cells represents a promising cellular therapy following HCT. Figure 1. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 2. Disclosures Paczesny: Viracor laboratories: Patents & Royalties: "Methods of detection of graft-versus-host disease" (US- 13/573,766).
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Jarnlo, Gun-Britt, and Eva Nordell. "Reliability of the modified figure of eight--a balance performance test for elderly women." Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 19, no. 1 (January 2003): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593980307969.
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Baisch, Rachel, Gurtej Grewal, Stephanie Wu, Beth Jarrett, Neil Humble, and Bijan Najafi. "Objective assessment of custom-made orthoses benefit in improving balance among figure ice-skaters." Footwear Science 5, sup1 (June 2013): S126—S127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2013.799598.
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Magalini, S. I., and Proietti. "Trauma: Renal Function and Hydroelectrolyte Balance Assessment in Real Time." Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 3, no. 2 (1987): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00029095.
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The kidney plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of the homeostasis of all body fluids; it operates as an efficient buffer system in the prevention of dehydration, hyperhydration, acid base and electrolyte imbalance and it removes toxic metabolites. It is not surprising, therefore, that post traumatic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is characterized by a mortality that exceeds 80% in spite of the progress offered by dialysis and clinical nutrition. The mechanisms of this critical pathological condition are summarized in Figure 1.
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Linens, Shelley W., Scott E. Ross, Brent L. Arnold, Richard Gayle, and Peter Pidcoe. "Postural-Stability Tests That Identify Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability." Journal of Athletic Training 49, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.6.09.
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Context: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is characterized by repeated ankle sprains, which have been linked to postural instability. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to identify individuals with CAI who can benefit from rehabilitation. Objective: To assess the likelihood that CAI participants will exhibit impaired postural stability and that healthy control participants will exhibit better test performance values. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: People with CAI (n = 17, age = 23 ± 4 years, height = 168 ± 9 cm, weight = 68 ± 12 kg) who reported ankle “giving-way” sensations and healthy volunteers (n = 17, age = 23 ± 3 years, height = 168 ± 8 cm, weight = 66 ± 12 kg). Intervention(s): Participants performed 7 balance tests: Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), time in balance, foot lift, single-legged stance on a force plate, Star Excursion Balance Test, side hop, and figure-of-8 hop. Main Outcome Measure(s): Balance was quantified with errors (score) for the BESS, length of time balancing (seconds) for time-in-balance test, frequency of foot lifts (score) for foot-lift test, velocity (cm/s) for all center-of-pressure velocity measures, excursion (cm) for center-of-pressure excursion measures, area (cm2) for 95% confidence ellipse center-of-pressure area and center-of-pressure rectangular area, time (seconds) for anterior-posterior and medial-lateral time-to-boundary (TTB) measures, distance reached (cm) for Star Excursion Balance Test, and time (seconds) to complete side-hop and figure-of-8 hop tests. We calculated area-under-the-curve values and cutoff scores and used the odds ratio to determine if those with and without CAI could be distinguished using cutoff scores. Results: We found significant area-under-the-curve values for 4 static noninstrumented measures, 3 force-plate measures, and 3 functional measures. Significant cutoff scores were noted for the time-in-balance test (≤25.89 seconds), foot-lift test (≥5), single-legged stance on the firm surface (≥3 errors) and total (≥14 errors) on the BESS, center-of-pressure resultant velocity (≥1.56 cm/s), standard deviations for medial-lateral (≤1.56 seconds) time-to-boundary and anterior-posterior (≤3.78 seconds) time-to-boundary test, posteromedial direction on the Star Excursion Balance Test (≤0.91), side-hop test (≥12.88 seconds), and figure-of-8 hop test (≥17.36 seconds). Conclusions: Clinicians can use any of the 10 significant measures with their associated cutoff scores to identify those who could benefit from rehabilitation that reestablishes postural stability.
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Wati, Asma, Sholih Muadi, and George Towar Ikbal Tawakkal. "Hidup dalam Stigma: Kekerasan dan Religiuitas Bejingan." Al-Mada: Jurnal Agama, Sosial, dan Budaya 3, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 109–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/almada.v3i2.694.
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The purpose of this study is to find out that violence and religiosity can actually run side by side where both are able to make the figure of Bejingan have a different social strata from other communities. Violence is a characteristic of Bejingan in resolving conflicts in society while religiosity as a culture that has become ingrained in the community. To provide an understanding of the life of Bejingan in the community, this article explores how Bejingan lives in a standard of violence that has become a distinctive feature and cultural religiosity adopted in the community of Pamekasan Madura Regency. the method used in this study is qualitative with a case study approach where the researcher reveals in depth related to the life of Bejingan in Pamekasan Regency. The results obtained from this research are that Bejingan has long lived in stikma where its existence is always associated with violence and crime, whereas furthermore the role of Bejingan in the sphere of society has many benefits and benefits where security, conflict between citizens and the welfare of the community are influenced by the figure of Bejingan. Furthermore, the Bejong lives in a balanced balance of religiosity and violence where life is influenced by good relations between gods by practicing worship while still maintaining self-esteem in the distinctive characteristics of the heroism possessed. The scientific contribution of this article discusses the extension of the lives of local figures who have conflicting but side-by-side characteristics. Considering that the phenomenon that describes Bejingan is a conflict between culture and religion, then how can the conflict be balanced and go hand in hand. Then further research needs to be done.
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Shearer, Ann. "Adjusting the scales: restorative justice and the balance of power." International Journal of Jungian Studies 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19409050903498360.
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The figure of Justice is instantly recognisable by her sword and scales. This article takes the complexity of this image as the starting point for an exploration of different approaches to the administration of justice and their consequences. It contrasts the often divisive Western adversarial tradition with increasingly influential restorative approaches that seek the re-establishment of individual and social harmony, and shows how differently issues of power are understood and resolved by each. It asks what makes restorative justice so successful, and suggests that by actively seeking to restore ‘right order’, it is drawing on archetypal energy encoded in the image of Justice itself.
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Agrawal, A. K., I. S. Mat Jais, E. M. Chew, A. K. T. Yam, and S. C. Tay. "Biomechanical investigation of ‘figure of 8’ flexor tendon repair techniques." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 41, no. 8 (March 2, 2016): 815–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193416632640.
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This biomechanical study compared the original Al-Qattan repair with other modifications postulated to reduce bulk and friction, thereby potentially improving outcome. A total of 32 cadaveric digits with intact flexor apparatus were used. In each digit, the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis tendons were cut cleanly in Zone 2. We tested Al-Qattan’s technique along with three modifications using stronger suture material and varying the number of strands across the repair site. Of the four repair techniques, the modified Al-Qattan’s technique using two ‘figure of 8’ 4-0 Fiberwire core sutures (Group 4) had the best balance of ultimate tensile strength (50.9 N), 2 mm gapping force (38 N) and friction. The modified technique provided a stronger repair for early active mobilization and has less friction than the originally described repair.
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Zhao, Xian Qiong, Yi Lun Liu, and Sheng Huang. "The Graphical Solution of Transverse Asymmetry Parameter Relationship in the Rolling Stage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 103 (September 2011): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.452.
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Ideally rolling parameter is symmetrical relative to rolling Hcenter lineH in the rolling process. When there is transverse asymmetry incentives disturbance, Hsymmetrical stateH will be destroyed. Some Hquality problemsH will happen. The paper study transverse asymmetry characteristic of force and deformation of rolling mill and mill bar, establish parameter relationship equation of transverse asymmetry characteristic of force and deformation, establish parameter relationship figure of transverse asymmetry characteristic of force and deformation. Using this figure, we get balance control model with a view to removing strip delivery wedge.
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Rakhees, Arafat Abdali, and Jinan F. B. Al-Hajaj. "The Untimely Death, Fall of the Male Figure and Disintegration of Family in Albee’s A Delicate Balance." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 27, no. 2 (June 2020): 242–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521520910968.
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Based on a Freudian psychoanalytic theory, this paper investigates the failures of 1 family in relation to the sudden and untimely death of their only son, Teddy in Edward’s Albee’s A Delicate Balance. It explores Tobias’s personality in terms of Freudian psychoanalytic concepts: sexuality, melancholia, the tripartite psyche and defence mechanisms in order to reveal the unconscious motivations for his behaviour and actions. It also exposes the underlying psychological causes that precipitate the emergence of Tobias’s abnormal character, sexual deviation and the defence mechanisms he adopts so as to defend his ego against feelings of pain and anxiety. The paper attempts to show that the traumatic experiences a person undergoes through his/her life affect his behaviour and actions, and leave a deep scar on his/her own psyche. Besides, it argues that the fear of the unknown, or death, is the catalyst for change in A Delicate Balance and the matter that impacts Tobias and triggers his perverse, passive and indifferent personality. In Albee’s A Delicate Balance, a dysfunctional family is troubled by the death of a family member that occurred more than 30 years ago. Teddy’s death has traumatised the entire household and dated its gradual downfall. Tobias, the father, seems to be the one most shaken by it and on whose account, each and every family member sustains heavy losses. The loss of Teddy makes Tobias hand his role as the head of the family over to his wife, Agnes, and causes his emotional and physical estrangement from her. Afraid to experience another heartbreak, Tobias almost cuts his emotional ties with his daughter, Julia who feels abandoned and unwanted after her brother’s death. Claire loses favour with her sister, Agnes, and sinks deeper in her mess. Suspecting her own sister of seducing Tobias right after Teddy’s death, Agnes incurs a triple loss of son, husband and sister. In all, the Tobias household is rocked to its foundation by Teddy’s death and its corollaries continue to embitter the family and disturb its balance.
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Cogley, J. Graham, and W. P. Adams. "Mass balance of glaciers other than the ice sheets." Journal of Glaciology 44, no. 147 (1998): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000002641.
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AbstractSmall glaciers appear to have been at equilibrium or shrinking very slightly during 1961–90, according to analysis of an essentially complete set of published measurements. Simple calculations give an average annual mass balance of –195 ± 59 mm a−1 (water equivalent) but this is too low because of systematic errors. Neglect of internal accumulation is responsible for some tens of millimeters of underestimate. Uneven spatial coverage, with fewer measurements where mass balances are less negative, accounts for about 50 mm a−1 of underestimate. This figure derives from spatial interpolation based on global data on ice extent and on an analysis of correlations between balance time series. The correlogram shows exponential decay, the scale length being about 600 km. The largest bias is due to a newly detected dependence of mass balance on glacier size. Among the 231 measured glaciers, many are small and belong to a restricted size range in which balance is negative, but much of the small-glacier extent is accounted for by larger glaciers in a size range where balance is indistinguishable from zero. Correcting for this size bias increases the average balance to –35 ± 89 mm a−1. Inspection of time series for 1940–95 (251 glaciers) shows that mass balance was least negative during the 1960s, and has varied in broad agreement with Northern Hemisphere temperature anomalies; smaller small glaciers (A < 16 km2) appear to be more sensitive than larger small glaciers to changes in thermal forcing. The small-glacier contribution to sea-level rise implied by this assessment is only 0.06–0.32 mm a−1, consistent with glaciers in general making little or no contribution to sea-level change during 1961–90.
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Cogley, J. Graham, and W. P. Adams. "Mass balance of glaciers other than the ice sheets." Journal of Glaciology 44, no. 147 (1998): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000002641.
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AbstractSmall glaciers appear to have been at equilibrium or shrinking very slightly during 1961–90, according to analysis of an essentially complete set of published measurements. Simple calculations give an average annual mass balance of –195 ± 59 mm a−1(water equivalent) but this is too low because of systematic errors. Neglect of internal accumulation is responsible for some tens of millimeters of underestimate. Uneven spatial coverage, with fewer measurements where mass balances are less negative, accounts for about 50 mm a−1of underestimate. This figure derives from spatial interpolation based on global data on ice extent and on an analysis of correlations between balance time series. The correlogram shows exponential decay, the scale length being about 600 km. The largest bias is due to a newly detected dependence of mass balance on glacier size. Among the 231 measured glaciers, many are small and belong to a restricted size range in which balance is negative, but much of the small-glacier extent is accounted for by larger glaciers in a size range where balance is indistinguishable from zero. Correcting for this size bias increases the average balance to –35 ± 89 mm a−1. Inspection of time series for 1940–95 (251 glaciers) shows that mass balance was least negative during the 1960s, and has varied in broad agreement with Northern Hemisphere temperature anomalies; smaller small glaciers (A< 16 km2) appear to be more sensitive than larger small glaciers to changes in thermal forcing. The small-glacier contribution to sea-level rise implied by this assessment is only 0.06–0.32 mm a−1, consistent with glaciers in general making little or no contribution to sea-level change during 1961–90.
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Lightstone, Karen, Karrilyn Wilcox, and Louis Beaubien. "Misclassifying cash flows from operations: intentional or not?" International Journal of Accounting and Information Management 22, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijaim-07-2012-0039.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the accuracy and informational quality of the cash from operations section of the cash flow statement. Design/methodology/approach – This paper empirically tested the accuracy of the cash from operations reported by Canadian non-financial companies. The authors studied 262 companies at three different time periods providing 786 firm observations. For each observation, the balance sheet was used to confirm the figures reported in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the authors investigated management's disclosure of the particular working capital items. Findings – The findings suggest that in recent years, companies are more likely to overstate their cash flow from operations, thereby presenting a better financial picture than is supported by the balance sheet accounts. This would suggest that the investing or financing section would be correspondingly understated. The presence of acquisitions reduces overstatements, which may be the result of more auditor presence. Research limitations/implications – This paper extends previous research from documented single, isolated instances of cash from operations being misstated to include a significant sample with more generalizable findings. The data are Canadian which may limit the generalizability to other countries. Future research should address the extent to which financial analysts rely on the reported cash from operations figure. Practical implications – This preliminary study may have implications for financial analysts and others relying on the free cash flow figure. Originality/value – This study expands on previous research which has taken place only on a case-by-case basis.
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Yadav, Rajesh K., and Nishant Dabhade. "Work Life Balance Amongst the Working Women in Public Sector Banks - A Case Study of State Bank of India." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 7 (September 2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.7.1.
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In terms of Indian context, the concern over work-life balance is gradually becoming a common talk especially for women employees. Work life balance is a state of equilibrium in which the demand of both professional and personal life is equal. Each role having different set of demands and when such role demands overlap, multiple problems are faced. In reality life and work over-lap and interact. In designing the work life policies employer should think that the commitment of employees can make the difference between those companies which compete at the marketplace and those which cannot. A balanced life for women is one where they spread their energy and effort between key areas of importance. This research study aims to figure out the working environment of public sector banks for women employees and what is the perception of women about the initiative and policies of banks and effects of those initiatives on their lives. Chi square test is applied in this paper to check the authenticity of data given by the respondents. The research is conducted among working women in banks with special reference to SBI, Bhopal (M.P.) city head office. We suggest that Work-Life Balance is not a problem to be solved. It is an ongoing issue to be managed.
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Bergland, Astrid, Hilde Sylliaas, Gun Britt Jarnlo, and Torgeir Bruun Wyller. "Health, Balance, and Walking as Correlates of Climbing Steps." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 16, no. 1 (January 2008): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.16.1.42.
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The aim of this study was to investigate walking and health among woman age 75 yr or older, in the associations between the highest step up performed without support by an individual and balance, walking, and health among women age 75+. Records of the highest step, balance, walking, and health were made for 307 women age 75–93 yr living in the community. Eighty percent managed to climb steps higher than 20 cm. There was a statistically significant negative relationship between age and stair-climbing capacity. The highest steps registered were significantly and independently associated with a short time on the timed up-and-go test, long functional reach, low body weight, lack of perceived difficulty walking outdoors, low number of “missteps” when walking in a figure of 8, longer time in one-leg stance, ability to carry out tandem stance, no walking aids outdoors, and not being afraid of falling. These variables together explained 67% of the variance in the step-height score.
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Greenberg, Eric T., Matthew Barle, Erica Glassman, Liya Jacob, Hussein Jaafar, April Johnson, Nicole Layug, Elizabeth Rollo, and Min-Kyung Jung. "RELIABILITY AND STABILITY OF THE Y BALANCE TEST IN HEALTHY EARLY ADOLESCENT FEMALE ATHLETES." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 3_suppl (March 1, 2019): 2325967119S0005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00051.
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BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Adolescent females are at an increased risk of lower extremity injuries and may be partially explained by the interaction of peak rates of skeletal growth, an immature neuromuscular system, and deficits in muscle strength and recruitment patterns. Reliable tests of dynamic stability can help identify athletes with balance deficits and assess changes in limb function after injury. Sophisticated measures of dynamic postural control, such as stabilometry, are able to detect subtle deficits in young athletes, but are expensive and may not be readily available in a clinical setting. The Y Balance Test (YBT) is a low-cost, clinical measure of dynamic postural control that mimics the demands of sports requiring unilateral balance. It requires the athlete to dynamically balance on each leg while performing a maximal reach with the other limb in three different directions: anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL). The athlete is required to maintain unilateral balance during the test as maximal reach distance is measured to the nearest 0.5 cm. Though the YBT has been predicative of injury in the adult population, studies are lacking regarding the utility in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to estimate the inter- and intra- rater reliability and stability of the YBT in early adolescent females over a one-month period. METHODS: Twenty-five female athletes (mean age 12.7 ± 0.6 years) participated. Subjects were tested at their respective practice facilities and participated in various sporting activities (Figure 1). Two novice raters with minimal training in YBT administration were randomly selected from a pool of five. The raters simultaneously assessed each subject’s YBT performance and were blinded to each other’s results. A second testing session was performed approximately one month later (n=21, mean 32.3± 9.6 days) by the same two raters, blinded to previous measurements (Figure 2). The time interval was chosen to mimic a typical duration between reassessments in standard clinical care. Maximum reach distances and composite (COMP) scores were collected on both limbs and normalized to leg length (Figure 3). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for between rater (ICC 2,1) and between session (ICC 3,1) agreement. Measurement error and minimal detectable change (MDC) values were calculated for clinical interpretation. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in height (p=0.016) and weight (p=0.003) from day 1 to day 2 of testing. Interrater reliability was excellent for all corrected reach directions and COMP scores of the right limb (ICC 0.973- 0.998) and left limb (ICC 0.960-0.999) except for the day 1 left ANT reach which was good (ICC 0.811) (Figure 4). Intrarater (test-retest) reliability were moderate to excellent for the right limb (ICC 0.681- 0.908) and moderate to good for left limb (ICC 0.714 - 0.811). Standard error of measurement (SEM) percentages were all less than 2% of all respective mean reach distances. MDC values for the right and left limbs ranged between 2.02-3.62% and 2.77-3.63%, respectively (Figure 5). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The early adolescent female is a unique population, where dynamic balance deficits are escalated by the interaction of an immature neuromuscular system, peak maturational growth rates, and emergence of sex specific differences. The incidence of ACL injuries is greatest during the high school years and recommendations support the implementation of targeted neuromuscular interventions prior to the time of this peak injury risk. The YBT is a reliable and stable tool to assess dynamic balance in early adolescent females and may be utilized by clinicians, physical education teachers, and coaches to help identify high risk individuals, mitigate the risk of injury, and determine functional improvements. The time span between testing sessions in the current study was longer than previous work in attempt to improve external validity by mimicking a typical time interval between outcome measure reassessments performed in a clinical setting. Between session reliability measures were lower than previous studies in adults and highlights the unique performance variation with dynamic balance tasks in the female preadolescent population. This is exemplified by the anthropometric changes that occurred over just a one month interval. This study supports the reliability and stability of the YBT in healthy early adolescent females and can be administered by those with minimal YBT training. Though the YBT has been shown to be predicative of injury in adults and is often included in return to sport functional test batteries after injury, future studies are needed to further understand its utility in this high-risk early adolescent female population. [Figure: see text]
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Hopley, P. T. "Striking the balance: a chicken meat producer's view." BSAP Occasional Publication 23 (January 1999): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00033164.
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AbstractWe are now trading in a world market and it is vital we are aware of the chicken meat production systems and ethics employed in other European and third world countries. All these countries have generally a lower cost of production than the United Kingdom. The strength of the United Kingdom industry is the level of efficiency and biological performance and we must be careful not to load excessive additional cost onto our industry by the introduction of onerous welfare legislation. One of the major points of difference between the United Kingdom and the rest of the world is that of stocking density. In the United Kingdom stocking density is laid down in the ‘Codes of Recommendations for the Welfare of Livestock — Domestic Fowls’. The pace of change within the industry has made this single figure approach obsolete. Industry bodies, such as the British Poultry Meat Federation and the National Farmers' Union, have an important rôle in representing producers' views to Government and consumers. We need more concentration and funding on research and finding solutions, and less on ever more ways of measuring problems.
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Weinreb, Caleb, Samuel Wolock, Betsabeh Khoramian Tusi, Merav Socolovsky, and Allon Moshe Klein. "Population Balance Reconstruction of the Hematopoietic Differentiation Hierarchy." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 3861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3861.3861.
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Abstract Fate commitment of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) is thought to occur through a series of hierarchical fate choices, established over the past four decades through live cell tracking, in vitro colony-forming assays and transplantation of defined sub-populations of HPCs. Depictions of the HPC hierarchy invoke a tree structure, with gradual lineage-restriction at branch points, although the precise tree remains controversial. A second controversy relates to the nature of undifferentiated MPPs. MPPs have been suggested to express conflicting lineage-restricted programs indicating multi-lineage priming, or to host distinct cell sub-populations with intrinsic biases, or alternatively to form an entirely na•ve state. We asked whether the molecular state of cells seen by RNA profiling of thousands of single HPCs could resolve these controversies, by correctly predicting the known fates of sub-populations of HPCs reported over the past two decades, defining MPP heterogeneity, and defining the topology of HPC fate commitment. Predicting the future behavior of cells from high-dimensional snapshots of their current state is an unsolved problem. Until now, snapshots of single cell molecular states have been used to order events in cell differentiation, cell cycle, and perturbation response by methods that fit cell states to a curve or a tree, but these approaches tend to be suggestive rather than predictive. Here, we invoke a conservation law Ð commonly known as "population balance" Ð to formally predict differentiation fates from single cell molecular profiles, using an approach that is asymptotically exact given certain assumptions about the differentiation process. Application of the conservation law to single cell RNA profiles required developing novel mathematical results, leading to an algorithm termed Population Balance Analysis (PBA). We apply PBA to bone marrow hematopoiesis, and recover the structure of the hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) population as it differentiates into seven lineages. The inferred fate choices reconcile fate-potential assays from the past two decades, and suggest a unified molecular definition of the hematopoietic hierarchy. In contrast to the canonical hierarchy, we predict that HPCs do not form a strict tree, and that MPPs show evidence of multi-lineage priming with simultaneous low-level gene expression of conflicting differentiation programs. In normal hematopoiesis, we predict a novel erythroid-basophil progenitor cell state, whereas erythroid/megakaryocyte fates become coupled in stress. We predict several novel regulators of cell fate at choice points in hematopoiesis. Overall, this work reconciles novel RNA-Seqdata with gold standard functional fate assays; it predicts novel regulators of hematopoiesis; and it establishes a predictive analytical method for dissecting complex differentiation hierarchies from single cell molecular profiles. Figure Figure. Disclosures Klein: OneCell Bio: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Kim, Yeoun-Jae, Joon-Yong Lee, and Ju-Jang Lee. "Step-exchange strategy for balance control of a walking biped under a lateral impact." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 41, no. 5 (August 12, 2014): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-03-2014-0311.
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Purpose – This paper aims to present a step-exchange strategy for balance control of a walking biped robot when a lateral impact acts suddenly. A step-out strategy has been recently proposed for balance control when an unknown lateral force acts to a biped robot during walking. This step-out strategy causes a robot to absorb the impact kinetic energy and efficiently maintain balance without falling down. Nevertheless, it was found that the previous strategies have drawbacks that the two foots should always be on the ground (double-support mode) after being balanced and the authors think it is difficult to continue walking after being balanced. Unlike the existing balance strategies, the proposed step-exchange strategy is to not only maintain balance but also to lift one leg in the air (single-support mode) after being balanced so that it is easy for a biped robot to keep walking after being balanced. Design/methodology/approach – In the proposed step-exchange strategy, forward Newton–Euler equation, angular momentum and energy conservation equation were derived. Hill-climbing algorithm is utilized for numerically finding a solution. To verify the proposed strategy, a biped robot by Open Dynamics Engine was stimulated, and experiments with a real biped robot (LRH-1) were also conducted. Findings – The proposed step-exchange strategy enables a walking biped robot under a lateral impact to keep balance and to keep a single-support mode after exchanging a leg. It is helpful for a biped robot to continue walking without any stop. It is found that the proposed step-exchange strategy can be applicable for maintaining balance even if a biped robot is moving. Even though this proposal seems immature yet, it is the first attempt to exchange the supporting foot itself. This strategy is very straightforward and intuitive because humans are also likely to exchange their supporting foot onto the opposite side when an unexpected force is acting. Research limitations/implications – The proposed step-exchange strategy described in this paper can be applicable in the situation when the external force is applied in the +Y direction, the left leg is the swing leg and the right leg is the stance leg, or it can also be applicable in the situation when the external force is applied in −Y direction, the right leg is the swing leg and the left leg is the stance leg (Figure 2 for ±Y force direction). If an impact force acts to the side of the swing leg, the other step-exchange strategy is needed. The authors are studying this issue as a future work. Originality/value – The authors have originated the proposed step-exchange strategy for balance control of a walking biped robot under lateral impact. The strategy is genuine and superior in comparison with the state-of-the-art strategy because not only can a biped robot be balanced but it can also easily continue walking by using the step-exchange strategy.
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Yakimoff, Naum, and Polina Lolova. "Perceived Orientation of Contour Quadrangles." Perception 15, no. 4 (August 1986): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p150461.
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One hundred subjects ranked the apparent tilt of ten quadrangles. A scale of perceived orientation was derived from a pair-comparison treatment of these data. The main characteristic determining estimated orientation of the quadrangles was the axis from which the sum of the squared distances to each point of the figure was minimal (the LS-axis). Judgements were also influenced by the orientation of an ‘axis of balance’, which ran through the centre of gravity and the lowermost apex of the quadrangle. Quadrangles with parallel LS-axes were systematically judged as differently tilted according to the difference in the orientation of their axes of balance. Both the LS-axis and the axis of balance are physical characteristics of an object that are of great importance for the optimal control of human action through vision.
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Sagara, Katsuhiro, Yun Lu, and Dao Cheng Luan. "FEM Analysis on Thermoelectric Properties of Metal/TiO2–x Composites with Random Distribution of Metal Powder." Materials Science Forum 750 (March 2013): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.750.130.
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Analysis model of finite element method with a random distribution for thermoelectric composites was built. Thermoelectric properties including electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity of M/TiO2–x (M = Cu, Ni, 304 stainless steel (304SS)) thermoelectric composites were investigated by the proposed model. Cu/TiO2–x composite showed a large decrease in electrical resistivity while 304SS/TiO2–x composite thermal conductivity was slightly increased. Calculated dimensionless figure-of-merit, ZT of Ni/TiO2–x composite was higher than those of TiO2–x and the other composites in a wide range of metal volume fractions because Ni has large absolute values of Seebeck coefficient, power factor and dimensionless figure-of-merit compared to the other two metals. It was found that power factor and dimensionless figure-of-merit of thermoelectric composites depended on the balance among electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. The results revealed that it is important for M/TiO2–x composites to choose suitable addition metal with high power factor and dimensionless figure-of-merit.
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Pendakis, Andrew James. "Dialectics of the Swing (Voter)." Brock Review 13, no. 1 (November 25, 2017): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/br.v13i1.1423.
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This paper aspires to offer a brief genealogy of a new figure of political discourse and imagination I call the "radical centre". In opposition to earlier centrisms, discourses which emphasized moderation, harmony, and balance, this new configuration imbues the centre with a kind of revolutionary or radical potential linked to its capacity to avoid being "trapped" by the traditional political poles. Though this thought envisions itself as beyond ideology and in some sense beyond repetition of any kind the tropology of the centre is filled with repeating motifs and figures susceptible to analysis and critique. The claim of this paper is that the radical centre has become the dominant political rhetoric of our time and that its hegemony works to preempt the possibility of genuinely new (and inventive) forms of political imagination.
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Cheng, T., J. Guo, S. X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, X. Liu, X. F. Yin, and X. Li. "POS0932 REGULATION OF INTESTINAL FLORA RESTORES IMMUNE BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH UNDIFFERENTIATED SPONDYLOARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3004.
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Background:Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (USpA) is the most common subtype of the spondyloarthritides with a prevalence between 0.7% and 2.0%1. Inflammatory back pain, peripheral arthritis and less frequently enthesitis are the main clinical features of USpA2. Resently the role of dysregulated microbiome along with migration of T lymphocytes and other cells from gut to the joint (“gut-joint” axis) has been recognized3 4. However, the detailed lymphocyte statuses of USpA patients and the effect of regulating the intestinal flora on the lymphocyte subsets is unclear.Objectives:To investigate the status of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood (PB) of USpA patients and the variation after regulation of intestinal flora.Methods:A total of 39 newly diagnosed patients with USpA who fulfilled the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) classification criteria and 60 age- and sex- matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. All patients were given intestinal flora regulation therapy for six months, including clostridium butyricum capsule or bacillus coagulans tablet. The peripheral lymphocyte subsets of these participants were assessed by flow cytometry. Methane hydrogen breath test as well as cytokines were measured in all patients before and after treatment. Mann-Whitney U test was applied for the lymphocyte status between USpA patients and HC and Wilcoxon test for the comparison before and after treatment. The results of methane hydrogen breath were counted by the Chi-Square test. All P-values reported herein are two-tailed and P-value<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results:Compared with HC, patients with USpA had a lower numbers of T cells (P=0.001), NK cells (P=0.026), CD8+T cells (P=0.046) and Treg cells (P<0.05) but higher ratios of Th17/Tregs (P=0.001), indicating a disturbance of immune microenvironment (Figure 1). After given therapy, T cells (P=0.003), B cells (P=0.018), NK cells (P=0.003), CD8+T cells (P=0.001) and Treg cells (P=0.009) were distinctly increased while the ratio of Th17/Treg decreased (P=0.046), suggesting a rebalance of immune systems (Figure 2a-c). Moreover, there were increase in the level of IL-6 (P<0.001), IL-17 (P=0.029) and TNF-α (P=0.003) as well as decrease in IL-10 (P=0.045) and IFN-γ (P=0.001) (Figure 2d). Further, the positive rate of intestinal bacterial overgrowth decreased significantly after regulation (P=0.029) (Figure 2e).Conclusion:Imbalance of immune environment is closely related to the incidence of undifferentiated spondyloarthrosis. The regulation of intestinal flora restores the balance and improve the growth of bacteria in the small intestine simultaneously. Therefore it is essential to focus on the alteration of intestinal flora to prevent the outbreak of inflammation and disease progression.References:[1]Cruzat V, Cuchacovich R, Espinoza LR. Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis: recent clinical and therapeutic advances. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2010;12(5):311-7. doi: 10.1007/s11926-010-0115-0 [published Online First: 2010/07/16].[2]Deodhar A, Miossec P, Baraliakos X. Is undifferentiated spondyloarthritis a discrete entity? A debate. Autoimmun Rev 2018;17(1):29-32. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.006 [published Online First: 2017/11/08].[3]Sheth T, Pitchumoni CS, Das KM. Management of Musculoskeletal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015;2015:387891. doi: 10.1155/2015/387891 [published Online First: 2015/07/15].[4]Fragoulis GE, Liava C, Daoussis D, et al. Inflammatory bowel diseases and spondyloarthropathies: From pathogenesis to treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2019;25(18):2162-76. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i18.2162 [published Online First: 2019/05/31].Acknowledgements:This project was supported by National Science Foundation of China (82001740), Open Fund from the Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University) (KLCP2019) and Innovation Plan for Postgraduate Education in Shanxi Province (2020BY078).Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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King, Deborah L. "Performing Triple and Quadruple Figure Skating Jumps: Implications for Training." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 30, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h05-153.
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The purpose of this paper is to review the biomechanics of triple and quadruple figure skating jumps, focusing on information that has implications for strength and conditioning programs. At a minimum, to complete the required revolutions in a jump, a skater must balance the average angular velocity with the time in the air. Vertical velocity at takeoff is similar in high revolution jumps to that in low revolution jumps; however, when comparing skaters of different abilities, those with higher abilities generate greater vertical velocities at takeoff for the same type of jump. Powerful extension of the legs is the primary factor in generating vertical velocity. Some jumps use asymmetrical extension of both legs, while other jumps involve extension of only one leg. Angular velocity is controlled primarily by the skater's moment of inertia, which means skaters must forcefully arrest the motion of the arms and legs after the propulsion phase and then quickly position the arms and legs close to the axis of rotation during flight. Training exercises that emphasize eccentric and concentric muscle actions and which are adaptable to asymmetrical or unilateral motions, such as box jumps and medicine ball throws, are a crucial component to off-ice training programs for figure skaters. Key words: ice skating, biomechanics, power, technique, strength, conditioning
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Cain, M. Spencer, Rebecca J. Ban, Yu-Ping Chen, Mark D. Geil, Benjamin M. Goerger, and Shelley W. Linens. "Four-Week Ankle-Rehabilitation Programs in Adolescent Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 8 (June 23, 2020): 801–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-41-19.
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Context Researchers have shown that rehabilitation programs incorporating resistance-band and balance-board exercises are effective for improving clinical measures of function and patient-reported outcomes in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). However, whether combining the 2 exercises increases improvement is unknown. Objective To determine the effectiveness of 3 rehabilitation programs on clinical measures of balance and self-reported function in adolescent patients with CAI. Design Randomized controlled clinical trial (Trail Registration Number: ClinicalTrails.gov: NCT03447652). Setting High school athletic training facilities. Patients or Other Participants Forty-three patients with CAI (age = 16.37 ± 1.00 years, height = 171.75 ± 12.05 cm, mass = 69.38 ± 18.36 kg) were block randomized into 4 rehabilitation groups. Intervention(s) Protocols were completed 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The resistance-band group performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions of ankle plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion with a resistance band. The Biomechanical Ankle Platform System group performed 5 trials of clockwise and counterclockwise rotations, changing direction every 10 seconds during each 40-second trial. The combination group completed resistance-band and Biomechanical Ankle Platform System programs during each session. The control group did not perform any exercises. Main Outcome Measure(s) Variables were assessed before and after the intervention: time-in-balance test, foot-lift test, Star Excursion Balance Test, side-hop test, figure-8 hop test, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure, and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool. We conducted 4 separate multivariate repeated-measures analyses of variance, followed by univariate analyses for any findings that were different. Results Using the time-in-balance test, foot-lift test, Star Excursion Balance Test (medial, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions), and figure-8 hop test, we detected improvement for each rehabilitation group compared with the control group (P < .05). However, no intervention group was superior. Conclusions All 3 rehabilitation groups demonstrated improvement compared with the control group, yet the evidence was too limited to support a superior intervention. Over a 4-week period, either of the single-task interventions or the combination intervention can be used to combat the residual deficits associated with CAI in an adolescent patient population.
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Dohrn, Ing-Mari, Maria Hagströmer, Mai-Lis Hellénius, and Agneta Ståhle. "Gait Speed, Quality of Life, and Sedentary Time are Associated with Steps per Day in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Osteoporosis." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 24, no. 1 (January 2016): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2014-0116.
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Aim:To describe objectively-measured physical activity levels and patterns among community-dwelling older adults with osteoporosis, impaired balance, and fear of falling, and to explore the associations with gait, balance performance, falls self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Methods:Ninety-four individuals (75.6 ± 5.4 years) were included. Physical activity was assessed with pedometers and accelerometers. Mean steps/day, dichotomized into < 5,000 or = 5,000 steps/day, and time spent in different physical activity intensities were analyzed. Gait was assessed with a GAITRite walkway, balance performance was assessed with the modified figure-eight test and oneleg stance, falls self-efficacy was assessed with the Falls Efficacy Scale International, and HRQoL was assessed with Short Form-36.Results:Mean steps/day were 6,201 (991–17,156) and 40% reported < 5,000 steps/day. Participants with < 5,000 steps/day spent more time sedentary, had slower gait speed, poorer balance performance, and lower HRQoL than participants with ≥ 5,000 steps/day. No participants with < 5,000 met the recommended level of physical activity.
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MAYAKUNTLA, JOSEPH. "Socio –Political Concept In Rohinton Ministry’s A Fine Balance." Think India 22, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i2.8719.
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‘Holding this book in your hand, sinking back in your soft arm-chair, your will say to yourself: perhaps it will amuse me and after you have read this story of great misfortunes, you will no doubt dine well, blaming the author for your own insensitivity, accusing him of wild exagger-tragendy is not a fiction all is true’.
Honor’s de Balzac, le p’ere Goriot Rohinton Mistry is an important figure in contemporary common wealth s literature and he occupies a significant position among the writers of Indian diaspora. Mistry like Rushdie and many other Indian English writer is an “émigré” who left India in 1970’s to live in Canada. He is the best-known indo-Canadian novelist, his novels namely such a long journey, a fine balance and family matter have been best sellers and received international a wards. Mistry belongs to the burgeoning crop of Indian novelist writing in English to place him rightly among the great Indian English writers in the words of the santwana haldar.“A glowing star in the galaxy that contains luminaries such as vs. Naipaul, Salman Rushdie, Amitav Ghosh, Shashi Tharoor, Vikram Seth and Bharati Mukherjee to mention a few Rohinton Mistry has drawn the attention of the world as an absorbing writer of human experience.” (Santwana, 2006:7)
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Vanheeswijck, Guido. "‘History Man’. The First Biography on R.G. Collingwood." Journal of the Philosophy of History 6, no. 1 (2012): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187226312x625645.
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Abstract Is ‘History Man’, Fred Inglis’ biography on R.G. Collingwood a successful biography? Inglis’ explicit ambition is to portray the concrete figure Collingwood by abducting him from what he calls the vacuum-packed academic world of scholars. But the best biographers look for a balanced equilibrium between rendering philosophical ideas and dramatizing a philosopher’s life. Put another way, they evoke the interweaving of a philosopher’s thought with the vicissitudes of his life. Despite the unmistakable qualities of this biography, Fred Inglis did not fully succeed in finding that very balance, mainly due to a lack of philosophical background. While Oxford University Press with the new edition of his works and manuscripts is thoroughly reorienting the traditional view of Collingwood, Inglis’ fluently written but rather biased portrayal does no full justice to the heart of his fascinating philosophy and personality.
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Ursin, Marie Helene, Astrid Bergland, Brynjar Fure, Audhild Tørstad, Arnljot Tveit, and Hege Ihle-Hansen. "Balance and Mobility as Predictors of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra 5, no. 2 (May 29, 2015): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000381669.
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Background: The number of patients with cognitive impairment following stroke is increasing due to the rise in the number of stroke survivors. Health authorities highlight the need for prediction and early diagnostics. The aims of this study were to investigate if balance and mobility may predict cognitive impairment 1 year after stroke. Methods: The participants were patients with first-ever stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). The exclusion criteria were pre-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia. Measurements of balance comprised the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Figure of Eight test (Fig8). Mobility was measured by maximum walking speed and the Timed Up and Go test. Dementia and mild cognitive impairment were merged into a main outcome: cognitive impairment. Unadjusted and adjusted multivariate logistic regression models were performed. Results: One hundred and eighty subjects performed balance and mobility measures at baseline, and 158 participated in the follow-up; 13 died and 9 did not complete the follow-up. Two variables made a significant contribution in the adjusted analyses (Fig8, BBS). The strongest predictor of cognitive impairment was Fig8 with an odds ratio of 1.06. Conclusion: The results of Fig8 and BBS measured in the acute phase of stroke were predictors of cognitive impairment 1 year later in this cohort of first-ever stroke or TIA.
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Belluscio, Valeria, Elena Bergamini, Marco Tramontano, Amaranta Orejel Bustos, Giulia Allevi, Rita Formisano, Giuseppe Vannozzi, and Maria Gabriella Buzzi. "Gait Quality Assessment in Survivors from Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Instrumented Approach Based on Inertial Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 5315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235315.
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Despite existing evidence that gait disorders are a common consequence of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI), the literature describing gait instability in sTBI survivors is scant. Thus, the present study aims at quantifying gait patterns in sTBI through wearable inertial sensors and investigating the association of sensor-based gait quality indices with the scores of commonly administered clinical scales. Twenty healthy adults (control group, CG) and 20 people who suffered from a sTBI were recruited. The Berg balance scale, community balance and mobility scale, and dynamic gait index (DGI) were administered to sTBI participants, who were further divided into two subgroups, severe and very severe, according to their score in the DGI. Participants performed the 10 m walk, the Figure-of-8 walk, and the Fukuda stepping tests, while wearing five inertial sensors. Significant differences were found among the three groups, discriminating not only between CG and sTBI, but also for walking ability levels. Several indices displayed a significant correlation with clinical scales scores, especially in the 10 m walking and Figure-of-8 walk tests. Results show that the use of wearable sensors allows the obtainment of quantitative information about a patient’s gait disorders and discrimination between different levels of walking abilities, supporting the rehabilitative staff in designing tailored therapeutic interventions.
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Chen, Sheng Lai. "Analysis on Dynamic Balance of Suspended Basket in Centrifugal Test with Conglobate Container." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 1768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.1768.
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Along with the development of environment test technology, experiments of containers with not full liquid has been possible to be carried out. The particularity is that the liquid surface will slope as the rotate speed of centrifuge increasing, so that, the rising of liquid centroid causes the change of centrifugal moment of inertia which is generated by the liquid. On the other hand, the balancing mass is invariable. So unbalanced torque moment acting on the trunnion of suspended basket is brought. It will cause accident or damage of equipment. The method of analyzing dynamic balance for experiments of conglobates container with not full liquid is proposed. The function of unbalanced moment and acceleration can be educed. The optimal project of counter-balance mass is determined by mathematical solution of function maximum and using figure of function. The simplified formula is concluded.
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Grewal, Gurtej S., Rachel Baisch, Jacqueline Lee-Eng, Stephaine Wu, Beth Jarrett, Neil Humble, and Bijan Najafi. "Effect of Custom Foot Insoles on Postural Stability in Figure Skaters While on Ice." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 25, no. 3 (August 2016): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2014-0330.
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Context:Improvements in postural stability in figure skaters can play a significant role in performance, as well as reducing fall risk.Objective:To explore the effect of custom foot insoles on postural stability in advanced figure skaters.Design:Exploratory study.Setting:Out of laboratory.Participants:Nine advanced figure skaters were recruited and 7 completed the study (age 38 ± 18.5 y, body-mass index 25 ± 3.6 kg/m2).Intervention:Custom foot insoles.Main Outcome Measures:Primary outcome of changes in postural stability (PS) quantified by center-of-mass sway with secondary outcomes of ankleand hip-joint sway and joint range of motion. Sway measurements were assessed using body-worn sensors while participants wore skates on ice. PS was assessed in single-leg stance, as well as during gliding on the dominant foot.Results:A significant improvement in static PS was observed after 6-wk use of custom insoles. Center-of-mass sway reduced significantly on average by 48.44% (P = .023), and ankle-joint sway reduced by 45.7% (P = .05) during single-leg-stance balance measurements. During the gliding maneuver nonsignificant changes were observed for both ankle- and knee-joint range of motion.Conclusion:The results of this study suggest proof of concept toward benefits of custom insoles in improving postural stability in advanced figure skaters. To generalize the findings, randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are warranted.
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Desai, Jamsheed A., Jessica Dobson, Michel Melanson, Giovanna Pari, and Albert Yongwon Jin. "Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy: Case Report and Review of MRI Findings." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 38, no. 3 (May 2011): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100011951.
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A 74-year-old man presented with a four week history of behavioural disturbances, upper and lower extremity numbness and impaired balance. He had been treated with metronidazole for six months for osteomyelitis of the right hallux. Examination revealed encephalopathy, and glove-and-stocking sensory loss to pinprick with reduced vibration threshold at the toe. The gait was wide based and ataxic. Nerve conduction studies showed a large fibre sensory-motor axonal polyneuropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a solitary restricted diffusion lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum (Figure A, B) with subtle prolongation of T2 (Figure C). The radiographic differential diagnosis included hypoglycaemia, viral encephalitis, antiepileptic drug toxicity/withdrawal and metronidazole toxicity. The combination of the imaging finding with the history of prolonged metronidazole use suggested metronidazole induced encephalopathy.
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Kirby, Simon, and Rachel Whitworth. "Prospects for the UK Economy." National Institute Economic Review 218 (October 2011): F54—F76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0027950111218001014.
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The economic news flow since the publication of our July Review has been predominately negative, focusing on the deteriorating Euro Area sovereign debt crisis. This has added to further disappointing data on UK domestic activity. Quarterly economic growth has averaged just 0.3 per cent in the first three quarters of 2011 (see figure 1). Anaemic GDP growth is due to both the public and private sectors simultaneously consolidating their balance sheets. Looking ahead, the crisis in the Euro Area will play a central role. We expect the UK economy to expand by 0.9 per cent this year and 0.8 per cent in 2012, before increasing by 2.6 per cent in 2013. This will be the most protracted recovery since the end of the First World War (see figure 2).
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Bellon, Jacqueline. "Figure, Ground and the Notion of Equilibria in the Work of Gilbert Simondon and Gestalt theory." Gestalt Theory 41, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gth-2019-0027.
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Summary Based on Clausius’ phrasing of a “transformational content” and the resulting 2nd law of thermodynamics, I demonstrated that Gilbert Simondon’s On the Mode of Existence of Technical Objects is historically situated at the threshold of understanding open systems thermodynamics and the related concepts of balance. Furthermore, I showed that Gestalt theory, as represented by Wolfgang Köhler, at least reproduced, if not partially anticipated or even prepared this development of 20th century thinking. Finally, I gave some short examples of how Simondon applied the figure/ground distinction to human perception, memory, and a general theory of becoming and I introduced his proposal to analyse “the grounds” just as thoroughly as the laws of figuration.
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FLORES MARIN, ALEXANDER WALTER. "CADUCIDAD EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO ADMINISTRATIVO SANCIONADOR Y SU APLICACIÓN DISTINTA EN LOS DIFERENTES ÓRGANOS RESOLUTIVOS DEL INDECOPI." YachaQ Revista de Derecho, no. 10 (December 30, 2019): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51343/yq.vi10.391.
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La Caducidad administrativa es una figura existente en el Derecho Administrativo Sancionador que busca resguardar el equilibrio entre el deber de impulsar el procedimiento de la autoridad y del derecho de los administrados, cuando se encuentren sometidos a algún procedimiento gravoso, a contar con un plazo razonable para la determinación de infracciones y sanciones. Sin embargo, pese a que esta institución fuera introducida en la normativa peruana en el año 2016, con reglas claras para su aplicación, el INDECOPI, a través de diferentes pronunciamientos emitidos por sus diferentes órganos de resolución, ha realizado disímiles interpretaciones, incluso, contradictorias, de la manera en la que esta figura debe aplicarse (o no aplicarse). Así, el autor realiza un análisis de los criterios emitidos por esta entidad para posteriormente emitir su valoración final sobre los elementos necesarios para aplicar la caducidad.
The administrative Expiration is an existing figure in the Administrative Sanctions Procedure that seeks to safeguard the balance between the duty to promote the procedure of the Authority and the rights of the administrated ones, when they are subject to some burdensome procedure, have to have a reasonable period for the determination of the infractions and penalties. However, despite the fact that this institution was introduced in the Peruvian regulations in 2016 with clear rules for its application, INDECOPI through different pronouncements issued by its different resolution bodies, has made different interpretations, even contradictory, in the manner of how this figure should be applied (or not applied). In this way the author performsan analysis of the criteria issued by this entity to subsequently issue its final assessment about the necessary elements to apply this institution.
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FLORES MARIN, ALEXANDER WALTER. "CADUCIDAD EN EL PROCEDIMIENTO ADMINISTRATIVO SANCIONADOR Y SU APLICACIÓN DISTINTA EN LOS DIFERENTES ÓRGANOS RESOLUTIVOS DEL INDECOPI." YachaQ Revista de Derecho, no. 10 (March 12, 2021): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51343/yq.vi8.619.
Full textAbstract:
La Caducidad administrativa es una figura existente en el Derecho Administrativo Sancionador que busca resguardar el equilibrio entre el deber de impulsar el procedimiento de la autoridad y del derecho de los administrados, cuando se encuentren sometidos a algún procedimiento gravoso, a contar con un plazo razonable para la determinación de infracciones y sanciones.Sin embargo, pese a que esta institución fuera introducida en la normativa peruana en el año 2016, con reglas claras para su aplicación, el INDECOPI, a través de diferentes pronunciamientos emitidos por sus diferentes órganos de resolución, ha realizado disímiles interpretaciones, incluso, contradictorias, de la manera en la que esta figura debe aplicarse (o no aplicarse). Así, el autor realiza un análisis de los criterios emitidos por esta entidad para posteriormente emitir su valoración final sobre los elementos necesarios para aplicar la caducidad.Abstract: the administrative Expiration is an existing figure in the Administrative Sanctions Procedure that seeks to safeguard the balance between the duty to promote the procedure of the Authority and the rights of the administrated ones, when they are subject to some burdensome procedure, have to have a reasonable period for the determination of the infractions and penalties.However, despite the fact that this institution was introduced in the Peruvian regulations in 2016 with clear rules for its application, INDECOPI through different pronouncements issued by its different resolution bodies, has made different interpretations, even contradictory, in the manner of how this figure should be applied (or not applied). In this way the author performs an analysis of the criteria issued by this entity to subsequently issue its final assessment about the necessary elements to apply this institution.
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Sweeney, Emily A., Morgan N. Potter, Richard E. Pimentel, James J. Carollo, and David R. Howell. "SPINAL RANGE OF MOTION AND BACK PAIN IN FEMALE ARTISTIC GYMNASTS DURING BACK WALKOVERS AND BACK HANDSPRINGS." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4_suppl3 (April 1, 2020): 2325967120S0022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00226.
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Background: Back pain is a common complaint among gymnasts. Gymnastics skills require large amounts of spine flexion, extension, rotation and compression. The combination of these movements in a repetitive fashion during gymnastics may contribute to the development of back pain. Gymnasts perform unique skills on various equipment and surfaces, which makes their movements difficult to evaluate using traditional movement analysis approaches. Hypothesis/Purpose: Our purpose was to measure gymnasts’ movement patterns in their native environment using wearable sensors. Specifically, we examined spine range of motion (ROM) during back walkovers (BWO) and back handsprings (BHS) on the floor and balance beam. We hypothesized that female youth gymnasts with a recent history of back pain would have larger spine ROM compared to gymnasts without back pain when performing these skills. Methods: Female artistic gymnasts ages 8 to 18 years in the Junior Olympic USA Gymnastics program participated in the study. We grouped gymnasts into two groups: those having back pain within the past 12 months and those with no reported back pain in the past 12 months. Gymnasts performed 3 repetitions of BWO and BHS on floor and balance beam while wearing APDM Opal V2 wearable sensors. A BWO requires a controlled bridge kickover while a BHS requires the athlete to jump backwards to her hands (Figure 1). Spine kinematics were then processed via Moveo Explorer. Valid spine sagittal plane maximums, minimums, and ROM of each skill repetition were compared between groups via Kruskal Wallis analysis of variance. Results: Seventeen participants (6 with back pain) completed BWOs and BHSs with acceptable sensor data. There were no demographic differences between the two groups for age, height, weight, competition level, or years of experience (p≥0.129, Table 1). During BWO skills, gymnasts with back pain had greater peak extension and greater ROM in the sagittal plane of the spine (p≤0.032, Figure 2). There were no differences between groups in peak extension, peak flexion, or ROM during BHS skills (p≥0.054, Figure 2). Conclusion: Gymnasts with a history of back pain had increased spinal motion when performing BWO skills. To perform a BWO, gymnasts must have higher levels of shoulder, spine, and hip flexibility, which may relate to back pain. This study suggests the need for future studies to evaluate if increased spinal motion during gymnastics is a contributing factor to the development of back pain. [Figure: see text][Table: see text][Figure: see text]