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Journal articles on the topic 'Balance of trade'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Irma, Baig, and Amin Sajjad. "Effects of Pakistans International Trade Balances on GDP Growth: A Study of Pakistans Foreign Trade." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 11, no. 10 (2022): 80–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7393356.

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<em>In recent years, the debate over international trade balances has exploded. The domestic and external environments significantly influence how the nation trades with the rest of the globe., The government will serve as a facilitator for the sector while it addresses the significant structural problems affecting Pakistan's exports from 2010 to 2021. The economic balance of limiting imports and the economic balance of allowing exports to flourish continue to be two crucial indicators of international trade. The results showed that factors related to the trade balance's exports and im

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Afontsev, S. "Trade Liberalization and Trade Balance." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 7 (July 20, 2005): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2005-7-19-36.

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The paper estimates the impact of import tariffs on Russia's trade balance. Empirical model analyzes Russian trade by industries and partner countries, taking into account import tariffs on both industrial output and intermediate goods. It is shown that the aggregate impact of import duties on trade balance is negative in all industries outside the fuel and energy sector. Decrease in import tariffs is likely to improve market positions of Russian non-fuel exports, especially in such industries as machine building and metal works, agriculture and forestry, chemistry and light industry.

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Hapsari, Anggraeni Tri, and Akhmad Syakir Kurnia. "FENOMENA KURVA J PADA NERACA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA DENGAN ENAM NEGARA MITRA DAGANG UTAMA." JURNAL DINAMIKA EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN 1, no. 2 (2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jdep.1.2.10-27.

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Whether a J curve phenomenon exists or not on the balance of trade has been an interest for empirical investigation in international economics. The phenomenon is typically associated with the response of the balance of trade to the exchange rate dynamics. Since a country has different trade features with different trading partners, the trade balances adjustment to the exchange rate dynamics should be seen as a head to head phenomenon. This paper investigates the effect of real effective exchange rate (REER) on the bilateral trade balance between Indonesia and its six major trading partners, na

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Jusufi, Gent, Lura Rexhepi Mahmutaj, Gentina Jusufi, and Nora Jusufi. "Kosovo’s International Trade: Balance of Trade." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 3, no. 1 (2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v3i1.p58-69.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a review of literature on the composition of exports and imports during 2005-2011 in Kosovo and key findings from secondary research on the reasons for the high trade deficit which affects economic development within this country. Design/Methodology/Approach – This paper presents secondary data related to background of the international trade and its increasing importance throughout the years because globalization. Then it is followed by characteristics of Kosovo’s trade environment, its domination of imports from 2005 to 2011 and its compariso

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Baek, Jeongho, and Hong-Youl Kim. "Analyzing the Effects of Oil Price Shocks on the Trade Balance: New Evidence from Korea-China Trade." Korea International Trade Research Institute 18, no. 4 (2022): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.18.4.202208.111.

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Purpose - The primary contribution of this paper is to investigate the impacts of oil supply shocks, aggregate demand shocks, and oil-specific demand shocks on three measures of South Korea’s trade balance oil, non-oil, and total trade balance with its top trading partner China. Design/Methodology/Approach - In order to investigate how trade balance is influenced by three types of oil price shocks, we used a Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR). Also, Impulse Response Function (IRF) was used to calculate degree of the trade balance response to the oil price shock. Findings - We

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Ongan, Serdar, and Ismet Gocer. "The US-China trade war with increasing trade policy uncertainty." Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 13, no. 2 (2020): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-01-2020-0002.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the impacts of changing US trade policy uncertainty (henceforth, TPU Index) on US bilateral trade balance with China from a nonlinear methodology perspective. Design/methodology/approach The nonlinear auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, recently developed by Shin et al. (2014), is applied. This model decomposes the TPU Index series into its increases (TPU+) and decreases (TPU−) and creates two new TPU Index series. Findings Empirical findings indicate that increases in the TPU Index improve the US bilateral trade balance only in the short-run (no lo

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Abegaz, Bazezew Endalew. "Asymmetric impact of exchange rate on trade balance in Ethiopia: Evidence from a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model (NARDL) approach." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0311675. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311675.

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Ethiopia has persistently pursued exchange rate devaluations to address its trade deficit and the structure of the economy, a strategy supported by the United Nations and economists. However, the effectiveness of this policy shift has sparked prolonged debate among scholars, exacerbated by divergent findings regarding the effect of exchange rates on trade balances. This study investigates the asymmetric effect of the real exchange rate on Ethiopia’s trade balance from 1992 to 2022. Employing the Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (NARDL), the research challenges the prevalent assu

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Yin, Jianyi. "Forecasting Exchange Rates and Trade Balances: An ARIMA Analysis of USD/RMB and China's Trade Dynamics." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 46, no. 1 (2023): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/46/20230310.

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This paper utilizes an ARIMA model to predict the future exchange rate and trade balance of China. The primary data is the monthly average exchange rate of USD/RMB, while China's monthly trade balance serves as auxiliary data. The findings indicate a projected downward trend in the USD/RMB exchange rate, continuing from 2023 to 2024 and stabilizing around 6.7 from 2024 to 2025. This implies a depreciation of the Chinese currency against the US dollar. Additionally, China's trade balance is expected to experience modest growth over the next two years, albeit at a significantly reduced rate comp

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LUKAU, MATEZO Espoir. "International Import-Export Trade in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Impact in Trade Balance." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 9, no. 1 (2020): 96–104. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3702073.

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<em>this study focuses on analyzing statistics data from import-export the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the participation of international trade. It emerges after the analysis of the data that the DRC trade balance remained negative for the years studied, for reasons of the non-transformation of exported products by modernized and developed tools. DRC exports are not very diversified in sectoral terms and the dependence of the economy on imports of basic necessities. It seems obvious to us, that international trade must be organized according to the techniques chosen for structuring the

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Bahmani-Oskooee, Mohsen, and Tatchawan Kanitpong. "Thailand’s trade balance with each of her 15 largest partners: an asymmetry analysis." Journal of Economic Studies 45, no. 3 (2018): 660–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-10-2017-0307.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess asymmetric effects of exchange rate changes on Thailand’s trade balances. Design/methodology/approach The design methodology is based on the nonlinear ARDL approach of Shin et al. (2014). Findings The authors find strong support for the asymmetric effects of exchange rate changes on the Thailand trade balance with most partners, including the three largest partners, China, Japan and the USA. Research limitations/implications The long-run asymmetric effects revealed that while baht depreciation will hurt Thailand’s trade balance with China, it will

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Dr. C. Vinotha and Harish Kumar. R. "Export and Import Analysis and Its Impact on Balance of Payments." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 3, no. 04 (2025): 1506–13. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2025.0215.

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This study explores the intricate dynamics between exports, imports, and their cumulative effect on a nation's balance of payments (BoP). The balance of payments is a vital indicator of economic health, encapsulating all transactions between a country and the rest of the world. This research investigates trends in export and import activities, analyzing their contributions to economic stability, currency valuation, and trade balances over a defined period. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines time-series data analysis and qualitative insights to assess the influence of foreig

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Purnamasari, Erika Novendira, Idah Zuhroh, and Eris Tri Kurniawati. "Determinant of Trade Balance: Empirical Study in ASEAN 5 Countries." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 21, no. 02 (2022): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jep.v21i02.22713.

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International trade is a form of partnership and global activity of a country with other countries, traded from exports and imports. International trade activity is recorded in the trade balance for a certain period based on the value of the prevailing currency. It is one of the benchmarks for the success of an economy. This study examines the relationship between fundamental macroeconomic variables consisting of inflation, interest rates, imports, exchange rates, and GDP, which affect the trade balance performance in ASEAN-5 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand). The ana

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Thi, Ha Tran, Quang Dong Nguyen, and Anh Duc Le. "The Asymmetric Impact of Exchange Rate Changes on Bilateral Trade between Vietnam and the US: Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Matter?" International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 15, no. 1 (2024): 386–96. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.17607.

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This study examines the relationship between the exchange rate and the Vietnam-US trade balance by employing a combination of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) approaches with disaggregated data from 21 industries from 2008 to 2022. The findings reveal that, in both ARDL and NARDL models, a real Vietnamese Dong (VND) depreciation does not significantly impact on the aggregated trade balance in the long-run. The results provide evidence of an asymmetric impact of the real exchange rate on the trade balance. These findings also suggest th

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Thi Cam Tu, Mai. "Factors affecting Vietnam’s trade balance in the context of the global value chain." Science & Technology Development Journal - Economics - Law and Management 4, no. 1 (2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjelm.v4i1.597.

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Trade balance is one of the important macro balances and has a strong impact on the balance of payments and the overall national economy. A country with a large trade deficit may experience lowered competitiveness of goods, export growth, and economic growth. This paper focuses on analyzing the core factors affecting Vietnam's trade balance in the context of global value chain accession. The author uses Bound-Testing method and ARDL model with data from 1990 to 2018 to identify factors affecting Vietnam's trade balance. The results show that, in the long term, Vietnam’s trade balance is affect

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15

Khan, Muhammad Arshad, Atif Ali Jaffri, Faisal Abbas, and Azad Haider. "Does Trade Liberalization Improve Trade Balance in Pakistan?" South Asia Economic Journal 18, no. 2 (2017): 158–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1391561417713128.

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This article examines the impact of trade liberalization, that is, reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers on trade balance, in Pakistan over the period 1982–2013. The results reveal that reduction of average effective tariff rate improves trade balance in the short run, while lowering of non-tariff barriers deteriorates trade balance in the long run as well as in the short run. The analysis also suggests that depreciation of real effective exchange rate and foreign income causes an improvement in the trade balance, whereas domestic income deteriorates it. The negative association between

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Choi, Myoung Shik. "A Predictive Effect of Exchange Rates on Value-Added Free Trade." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (2020): 9146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219146.

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The study investigates a predictive exchange rate effect on value-added trade flows on global value chains. We theoretically review the role of exchange rates on international trade based on insular, open, and global value chained economies. This paper empirically confirms a retro forecasting rule of the exchange rate on exports and trade balance using the value-added data for the period from 1995 to 2015. The first result is that real effective exchange rates have predictive elasticity information for the value-added trade flows. The second is that exchange rates have two practical effects on

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Yusoff, Mohammed B. "Bilateral Trade Balance, Exchange Rates, and Income: Evidence from Malaysia." Global Economy Journal 9, no. 4 (2009): 1850183. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1568.

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This study attempts to examine the effects of real bilateral exchange rates on Malaysia's bilateral trade balances with its three major trading partners: the USA, Japan, and Singapore. The results suggest that the bilateral trade balance, real exchange rate, domestic and foreign incomes are cointegrated. In the long-run, Malaysia's bilateral trade balances are found to be responsive to the changes of bilateral exchange rate in the cases of the USA and Singapore but irresponsive for Japan. There is a clear evidence of the J-curve effect only in the case of Malaysia's trade balance with the Unit

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Nur, Abdulkadir Mohamed, and Ali Yassin Sheikh Ali. "Exchange rate dynamics and trade balance in Somalia: An ARDL approach." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 9, no. 4 (2025): 186–98. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i4.5954.

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This study looks at how Somalia's trade balance has been affected by variations in the exchange rate, addressing the gap in empirical research on the relationship between macroeconomic variables and trade performance in fragile economies. The study used time series data sourced from the World Bank, SESRIC, the Central Bank of Somalia, and the IMF. The study employed augmented Dickey-Fuller tests and Phillips-Perron tests to assess the stationarity of the data. The study utilized an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to identify both short-term and long-term effects of exchange rate vo

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Ade, Famalika, Agriana Sari Tri, Rimbano Dheo, Ghany Firmansyah A., and Hadi Purnomo Bambang. "Improving Indonesia's Trade Balance with the United States: Factors Affecting Bilateral Trade." Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies 06, no. 08 (2023): 3729–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8232815.

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This research is based on a systematic review approach that differs from reflects the findings in that it is transparent, accessible, and enables a union between the scientific community and practitioners, resulting in an overall synthesis. According to the research findings based on the systematic analysis, the factors influencing Indonesia to engage in bilateral trade with the United States to improve the trade balance fall into two categories: those related to international trade and those unrelated to international trade. Globalization of bilateral commerce, open markets, disparities in na

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Alessandria, George, Horag Choi, and Dan Lu. "Trade Integration and the Trade Balance in China." IMF Economic Review 65, no. 3 (2017): 633–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41308-017-0036-2.

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Adhikari, Deergha. "NEW TRADE ARRANGEMENTS AND CHINA'S BALANCE OF TRADE." Journal of International Finance Studies 17, no. 1 (2017): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18374/jifs-17-1.1.

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Lande, Eric. "Les exportations canadiennes de marchandises : analyse préliminaire des mécanismes de survie." Aspects institutionnels 59, no. 3 (2009): 620–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/601068ar.

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Abstract Theoretically, devaluations and revaluations should modify the market price of traded goods, but market structure may influence this process and have a determining impact on the nature of the trade flows. Market structure forces are shown to have the potential to be able to neutralize the expected effects of devaluations and revaluations on a country's trade balance. This is shown to be a Canadian problem dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries that may force Canada to look for other policies to influence the flow of traded goods and its balance of trade.

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Sumanaratne, B. M. "Empirical Analysis of the Trade Balance and its Determinants in Sri Lanka." Sri Lanka Journal of Economic Research 11, no. 1 (2023): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljer.v11i1.193.

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Every economy has experienced an expansion in international trade in recent years, and some developing countries frequently experience persistent trade deficits. The investigation of the short-term and long-term relationships between trade balance and its macroeconomic determinants is the main goal of this study. In particular, the study explores the impact of the real exchange rate, foreign direct investment, inflation, budget deficit, private consumption, real money supply, and gross domestic product on the trade balance. For this purpose, the paper employed an autoregressive distributed lag

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Le, Thi Anh Tuyet. "Macroeconomic factors and trade balance: An analysis of Vietnam's relations with RCEP countries." International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 10, no. 8 (2023): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2023.08.011.

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This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the impact of macroeconomic factors on Vietnam's trade balance with the member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) during the period from 2002 to 2021. Grounded in established trade theories and a comprehensive review of pertinent literature on inter-country trade balances, the investigation identifies the pivotal determinants influencing trade balances between Vietnam and RCEP nations. These determinants encompass key elements such as tariffs (TRF), foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP), ge

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BASSEY, GODWIN E., and EBIEFIE VICTOR EDET. "THE IMPACT OF INCLUSIVE GROWTH ON TRADE BALANCES IN NIGERIA." Social Sciences and Management International Journal 4, no. 4 (2023): 57–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10276242.

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<strong>Abstract</strong>This research investigates the impact of inclusive growth on trade balances in Nigeria. It computed an inclusive growth index for Nigeria using ten indicators with empirical analysis conducted using principal component analysis from E-view 9 to examine how variables of trade balance impacted on inclusive growth. Error correction mechanism and autoregressive distributed lag model were used to estimate impact of inclusive growth index on trade given the order of integration. The results showed a negative relationship between trade balance variables in enhancing inclusive

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Genta Nuraini, Puti. "Balance of Trade: Theories and Practices." International Journal of Tax Economics and Management 2, no. 1 (2019): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35935/tax/21.4133.

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The balance of trade, commercial balance, or net exports (sometimes symbolized as NX), is the difference between the monetary value of a nation's exports and imports over a certain period. Sometimes a distinction is made between a balance of trade for goods versus one for services. The balance of trade measures a flow of exports and imports over a given period of time. The notion of the balance of trade does not mean that exports and imports are "in balance" with each other. If a country exports a greater value than it imports, it has a trade surplus or positive trade balance, and conversely,

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Wong, Hock Tsen. "TERMS OF TRADE AND TRADE BALANCE IN KOREA, HONG KONG AND SINGAPORE." Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF) 7 (December 31, 2009): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v7i.2588.

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This study examines the impact of terms of trade on trade balance in Korea, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Generally, the results of the cointegration tests show that there is a long-run relationship between terms of trade and trade balance. More specifically, an increase in terms of trade will lead to a decrease in trade balance. For Hong Kong, trade balance is found to Granger cause terms of trade and there is bilateral Granger causality between terms of trade volatility and trade balance. Terms of trade has some predictive power on trade balance.

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Arifudin Arifudin, Salsa Nurhidayah, Sintiya Sintiya, Afifudin Afifudin, and Arif Naofal Nabih. "Pengaruh Ekspor Dan Impor Terhadap Neraca Perdagangan Di Indonesia." Moneter : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan 2, no. 3 (2024): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/moneter.v2i3.562.

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Indonesia has a direct relationship with export and import activities. The trade balance includes export and import activities, being a record that records all product transactions carried out by a country. As an important instrument, the trade balance provides a comprehensive picture of a country's export and import situation. When exports are less than imports, it is called a deficit, conversely, if exports are greater than imports, it is called a surplus. When exports and imports are balanced, the trade balance is considered equal. This research aims to identify the impact of imports and ex

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Junaidi, Muhammad Arif. "Estimating the Impact of ASEAN China Free Trade Agreement on Indonesia’s Trade Balance." Customs Research and Applications Journal 1, no. 1 (2019): 18–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31092/craj.v1i1.10.

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Using trade flows data of ASEAN countries and China from 2002 to 2017, this studyestimates the impact of ACFTA on ASEAN countries and China’s trade balance in general,and also for Indonesia’s trade balance in specific by elaborating the impact of ACFTA onthe trade flows both exports and imports. Using the gravity model and estimating by OLSand PPML, this paper finds that the impact of tariffs elimination due to the implementationof ACFTA increased exports and imports for ASEAN countries and China in general, andfor Indonesia in particular. However, the aggregate trade balances of ASEAN memberc

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Abuseridze, Giga. "Strategy for Achieving Trade Balance." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 3, no. 15 (2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.15.2019.3.053-058.

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This Paper deals with the issue of international trade strategy in achieving trade balance. The author claims that the efforts of policymakers and business leaders to find ways to achieve trade balance should imply greater coherency between trade and human rights objectives. Šajā rakstā aplūkots jautājums par starptautiskās tirdzniecības stratēģiju tirdzniecības bilances sasniegšanai. Autors apgalvo, ka politikas veidotāju un uzņēmumu vadītāju centieniem atrast veidus, kā panākt tirdzniecības līdzsvaru, vajadzētu nozīmēt lielāku saskaņotību starp tirdzniecības un cilvēktiesību mērķiem.

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Kutty, Gopalan, and Manijeh Sabi. "Are trade balance announcements informative?" Applied Financial Economics 4, no. 6 (1994): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/758518676.

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Batra, Ravi, and Hamid Beladi. "Manufacturing and the Trade Balance." Pacific Economic Review 3, no. 2 (1998): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0106.00046.

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Sasaki, Yuri, and Yushi Yoshida. "Decomposition of Japan's trade balance." International Review of Economics & Finance 56 (July 2018): 507–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2017.12.007.

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Fisher, Eric O'n. "Sustainable balance of trade deficits." Journal of Monetary Economics 25, no. 3 (1990): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(90)90061-8.

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Thi, Anh Tuyet Le, and Long Hoang Vinh. "Vietnam-ASEAN Trade Balance, Current Situation and Solutions." JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES 07, no. 03 (2024): 1656–62. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10887252.

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The trade deficit between Vietnam and ASEAN countries is always an issue of great concern to scholars studying trade in Vietnam. Is that deficit alarming for trade management policymakers in Vietnam? The article will focus on analyzing the current state of trade balance between Vietnam and ASEAN countries with data on export and import turnover, and the import-export structure between Vietnam and this group of countries. With multidimensional qualitative analysis, the author will imply several policies to improve import-export efficiency between Vietnam and ASEAN countries.

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Kamugisha, Godwin, and Joe Eyong Assoua. "Effects of a Devaluation on Trade Balance in Uganda: An ARDL Cointegration Approach." International Journal of Economics and Finance 12, no. 7 (2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v12n7p42.

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Obtaining a trade surplus, an increase in exports over imports, is a major economic indicator and one that developing economies strive to obtain. The devaluation of a country&rsquo;s currency is expected to be one way to obtain the trade surplus, by making imports expensive and exports cheap in the domestic country. This paper investigates the effects of a devaluation on the trade balance in Uganda in both the short run and long run. We consider two major approaches to trade balance improvement: the absorption approach and the elasticity approach. We employed an autoregressive distributed

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Demiral, Mehmet. "Currency Depreciation, Trade Balance and Intra-Industry Trade Interactions in Turkey’s OECD Trade." International Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 4 (2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v8n4p8.

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<p>This study re-examines the determinants of Turkey’s trade balance in its manufactures trade with 33 OECD-member countries for the short-run and the long-run. Unlike other studies, in the relationships we also control the moderating effects of the availability of import substitutes proxied by intra-industry trade. We analyze quarterly aggregated time-series data of the period spanning from 1998.QI to 2015.QIII, following the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to the cointegration and the error correction modeling. Estimation results reveal that real effective

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CETIN, Huseyin, and Yunus Emre SÜRMEN. "The Nexus between Usd Parity and Trade Balance of BRICS-T Countries." Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 17, no. 3 (2022): 763–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.1086986.

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Unlike many previous studies that focused on the link between trade balance and exchange rate parities through time series models, panel data models were applied mainly to BRICS-T countries. Comparative variances of trade balances against USD/local currency parity were revealed, and the most sensitive countries were Brazil, Turkey, and Russia. According to the panel EGLS analysis, the same parity had a non-significant negative impact on the trade balance in the short run. A significant long-term effect was found in the FMOLS analysis. Panel VAR and VECM generalized impulse response analysis re

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Hamza, Abdulmahdi Raheem, Ameer Faris Taha, and Munaf Marza Neama. "Trade openness and its impact on the structure of the Iraqi trade balanceananalytical study for the period (2013-2023)." International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental 5, no. 4 (2025): 31–38. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/volume05issue04-05.

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International trade is a fundamental pillar of the global economy, and greatly affects the growth and development of countries. Due to this importance, many researchers have become increasingly interested in studying its variables and their effects on the balance of payments in particular and economic stability in particular. One of the important topics for international trade is the relationship between trade openness and the structure of the trade balance of countries, especially developing countries such as Iraq. The research is an attempt to study the impact of trade openness on the struct

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Asia, Khamis Nyange, and Jonas Ajibu. "Analyzing the Determinants of Trade Balance: An Empirical Investigation of Indonesia's Economic Dynamics." Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies 07, no. 05 (2024): 2886–95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11384063.

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The study investigates the determinants of Indonesia's trade balance focusing on five key factors: money supply, foreign direct investment, exchange rate, carbon dioxide emissions, and government expenditure. Utilizing secondary time-series data from 1990 to 2022 and employing vector error correction model analysis, the research reveals significant insights. In the short term, only the money supply notably influences trade balances, while the other factors show no significant impact. However, in the long term, foreign direct investment, exchange rate, carbon dioxide emissions, and government e

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Tenri Ampa, Andi, Ica Monica, Makkulau, La Ode Saidi, and Norma Muhtar. "Priestley Chao Estimator in Nonparametric Multivariable Kernel Regression in Estimating The Value of Indonesia’s Balance Trade." ITM Web of Conferences 58 (2024): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20245804002.

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Several researchers have speculated that the model for the Indonesian Trade Balance Value uses a parametric model, but this model has not provided accurate results in determining the actual Indonesian Trade Balance Value. The estimation used is a parametric approach which assumes the data follows a certain pattern. This can result in big mistakes. We propose a nonparametric approach using Kernel functions for data that does not follow a particular pattern and has outliers. The Kernel function used for multivariables is the Gaussian Kernel function with the Priestley-Chao estimator. Analysis of

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R, Roosaleh Laksono, and Mohd Haizam Mohd Saudi. "Analysis of the Factors Affecting Trade Balance in Indonesia." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 02 (2020): 3113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i2/pr200617.

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Ektiarnanti, Riska, Anis Rahmawati, Feni Krismawati Fauziah, and Isma'iddatur Rofiqoh. "Indonesian Trade Balance Performance By GDP, Exports, Imports, BI Rate and Inflation as Intervening Variables." Indonesian Economic Review 3, no. 1 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53787/iconev.v3i1.16.

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The performance of international trade in Indonesia has fluctuated for several years, volatile inflation has a positive or negative impact on GDP results, imports and exports which are indicators of the trade balance and the BI Rate as an inflation controller affect the trade balance performance policy. The research approach is monthly data for a 5-year period, secondary data using path analysis techniques. The findings of this study indicate that GDP indirectly through inflation affects the trade balance, directly exports through inflation has no effect on the trade balance, directly imports

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Alassaf, Ghazi. "Understanding the Nexus between Oil Price Volatility and Trade Balance in GCC Countries: A Comparative Investigation of Panel Linear and Nonlinear ARDL Models." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 14, no. 4 (2024): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.16180.

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In this paper, we re-examine the relationship between oil price volatility and trade balance in oil exporting countries; namely GCC countries over the period 1989-2021. The empirical analysis employs a comparative approach, comparing the results obtained from a panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with those from a nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) model. This research contributes to the literature by shedding light on the intricate linkages between energy markets and trade performance in major oil-exporting countries. The motivation stems from the importance of assessing how fluctuations in

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Le, Thi Anh Tuyet. "The border effect on Vietnam's trade balance with ASEAN countries." International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 11, no. 11 (2024): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2024.11.017.

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This article uses a panel data model, applying both the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and the Random Effects Model (REM), to analyze how economic scale, tariffs, and geographic location affect Vietnam's trade balance with ASEAN countries. The findings show that the border effect has a stronger influence than other economic factors on Vietnam’s trade balance with these countries. Based on these results, the article suggests strategies for the Vietnamese government and export businesses to reduce the trade deficit with ASEAN nations. The aim is to increase the added value of Vietnam's imports and ex

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Kyophilavong, Phouphet, Muhammad Shahbaz, Ijaz Ur Rehman, Somchith Souksavath, and Sengchanh Chanthasene. "Investigating the Relationship between Trade Balance and the Exchange Rate: The Case of Laos’ Trade with Thailand." Global Business Review 19, no. 3 (2018): 590–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150917713869.

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We investigate the nexus between Laos’ trade balance and its real exchange rate with Thailand. We apply the combined cointegration approach and find that the trade balance and the real exchange rate have cointegration. The devaluation of Laos’ Kip improves the trade balance, but there is no evidence of the J-curve phenomenon. Laos’s economic growth causes its trade balance to deteriorate. A rise in Thai income increases the trade balance of Laos. This study presents new insights for policymakers who seek to sustain trade with Thailand by designing a comprehensive trade policy.

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Bee-Hui Soh, Ghee-Thean Lim, and Soo-Yean Chua. "Asymmetric Effects of Trade Openness on Malaysian Fish Trade Balance." International Journal of Business and Society 23, no. 1 (2022): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.4600.2022.

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Although Malaysia is a small open economy surrounded by the ocean, it still experiences a critical fish trade deficit. This study examines the nonlinear effects of trade openness on Malaysian fish trade balance from 1976 to 2016, using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) approach. The other independent variables applied in the model are the exchange rate and domestic income. Findings show that the variables are cointegrated. In the long-run, positive change in trade openness has a significant negative effect on the trade balance. The emphasis of the study is also placed on shr

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Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm. "Donors’ Trade and Their Supply of Development Aid Related to the Trade Sector: Does Donors’ Output Gap Matter?" Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 09, no. 01n02 (2018): 1850002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993318500023.

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This paper complements the literature on the impact of donor-countries’ trade on their supply of Official Development Aid relating to the trade sector (ODATRADE). It investigates whether the impact of donor-countries’ trade balance (including overall trade balance in goods and services, trade balance in goods vis-à-vis developing and developed countries, and trade balance in services) on ODATRADE depends on the level of donor-countries’ output gap. Relying on a sample of 22 donor-countries over the period 1967–2015, the empirical analysis shows that donors’ output gap does matter for the impac

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Azizah, Liza, Syamsurijal Tan, and Emilia Emilia. "Estimasi model neraca perdagangan Indonesia dalam periode 1998-2017." e-Journal Perdagangan Industri dan Moneter 7, no. 3 (2019): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pim.v7i3.7206.

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This study aims to analyze Indonesia's trade balance dynamics and the factors that influence fluctuations in Indonesia's trade balance in the period 1998-2017. The method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method. The data used in this study is time-series data on Indonesia's trade balance, exchange rate, GDP, inflation, and interest rates from 1998-2017. The data is processed through multiple regression analysis and development model analysis. The results showed that the variables of the exchange rate, GDP, inflation, and interest rates simultaneously significantly affected Indo

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Dorninger, Christian, and Nina Eisenmenger. "South America's biophysical involvement in international trade: the physical trade balances of Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil in the light of ecologically unequal exchange." Journal of Political Ecology 23, no. 1 (2016): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v23i1.20240.

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International trade is becoming increasingly important in the strategies of industrialized economies ('core' countries) to meet their physical needs and maintain their social metabolism. Less industrialized ('non-core') countries, in particular those with low population densities such as countries in South America, provide a large share of the natural resources currently being used by the 'core' countries. This article analyzes the relations of biophysical exchange of Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil with global 'core' and 'non-core' countries in order to add to a discussion of possible relation

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