Relevant bibliographies by topics / Balanço NAD+

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Academic literature on the topic 'Balanço NAD+'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Balanço NAD+"

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Santos, Adrian Richard Schenberger, Edileusa Cristina Marques Gerhardt, Erick Parize, Fabio Oliveira Pedrosa, Maria Berenice Reynaud Steffens, Leda Satie Chubatsu, Emanuel Maltempi Souza, et al. "NAD+ biosynthesis in bacteria is controlled by global carbon/nitrogen levels via PII signaling." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 18 (March 16, 2020): 6165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.012793.

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NAD+ is a central metabolite participating in core metabolic redox reactions. The prokaryotic NAD synthetase enzyme NadE catalyzes the last step of NAD+ biosynthesis, converting nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) to NAD+. Some members of the NadE family use l-glutamine as a nitrogen donor and are named NadEGln. Previous gene neighborhood analysis has indicated that the bacterial nadE gene is frequently clustered with the gene encoding the regulatory signal transduction protein PII, suggesting a functional relationship between these proteins in response to the nutritional status and the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the bacterial cell. Here, using affinity chromatography, bioinformatics analyses, NAD synthetase activity, and biolayer interferometry assays, we show that PII and NadEGln physically interact in vitro, that this complex relieves NadEGln negative feedback inhibition by NAD+. This mechanism is conserved in distantly related bacteria. Of note, the PII protein allosteric effector and cellular nitrogen level indicator 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) inhibited the formation of the PII-NadEGln complex within a physiological range. These results indicate an interplay between the levels of ATP, ADP, 2-OG, PII-sensed glutamine, and NAD+, representing a metabolic hub that may balance the levels of core nitrogen and carbon metabolites. Our findings support the notion that PII proteins act as a dissociable regulatory subunit of NadEGln, thereby enabling the control of NAD+ biosynthesis according to the nutritional status of the bacterial cell.
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Oh, Gi-Su, Hyung-Jin Kim, AiHua Shen, Su-Bin Lee, Sei-Hoon Yang, Hyeok Shim, Eun-Young Cho, Kang-Beom Kwon, Tae Hwan Kwak, and Hong-Seob So. "New Therapeutic Concept of NAD Redox Balance for Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4048390.

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Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various tumors. In addition to its antitumor activity, cisplatin affects normal cells and may induce adverse effects such as ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and peripheral neuropathy. Various mechanisms such as DNA adduct formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses are closely associated with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity; however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. The cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has emerged as a key regulator of cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis. Recent studies have demonstrated associations between disturbance in intracellular NAD+levels and clinical progression of various diseases through the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that reduction of the intracellular NAD+/NADH ratio is critically involved in cisplatin-induced kidney damage through inflammation and oxidative stress and that increase of the cellular NAD+/NADH ratio suppresses cisplatin-induced kidney damage by modulation of potential damage mediators such as oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. In this review, we describe the role of NAD+metabolism in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and discuss a potential strategy for the prevention or treatment of cisplatin-induced adverse effects with a particular focus on NAD+-dependent cellular pathways.
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Ke, Dangyang, Elhadi Yahia, Betty Hess, Lili Zhou, and Adel A. Kader. "Regulation of Fermentative Metabolism in Avocado Fruit under Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Stresses." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 3 (May 1995): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.3.481.

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`Hass' avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit were kept in air, 0.25% O2 (balance N2), 20 % O2 + 80% CO2, or 0.25% O2 + 80% CO2 (balance N2) at 20C for up to 3 days to study the regulation of fermentative metabolism. The 0.25% 02 and 0.25% 02 + 80% CO2 treatments caused accumulations of acetaldehyde and ethanol and increased NADH concentration, but decreased NAD level. The 20% O2 + 80% CO2 treatment slightly increased acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations without significant effects on NADH and NAD levels. Lactate accumulated in avocadoes kept in 0.25 % 02. The 80% CO, (added to 0.25% O2) did not increase lactate concentration and negated the 0.25% O2-induced lactate accumulation. Activities of PDC and LDH were slightly enhanced and a new isozyme of ADH was induced by 0.25% O2, 20% O2 + 80% CO2, or 0.25 % O2 + 80% CO2; these treatments partly reduced the overall activity of the PDH complex. Fermentative metabolism can be regulated by changes in levels of PDC, ADH, LDH, and PDH enzymes and/or by metabolic control of the functions of these enzymes through changes in pH, ATP, pyruvate, acetaldehyde, NADH, or NAD. Chemical names used: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), reduced NAD (NADH), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH).
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Yan, Liang-Jun. "NADH/NAD+ Redox Imbalance and Diabetic Kidney Disease." Biomolecules 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050730.

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Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common and severe complication of diabetes mellitus. If left untreated, DKD can advance to end stage renal disease that requires either dialysis or kidney replacement. While numerous mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of DKD, oxidative stress driven by NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction have been thought to be the major pathophysiological mechanism of DKD. In this review, the pathways that increase NADH generation and those that decrease NAD+ levels are overviewed. This is followed by discussion of the consequences of NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance including disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and function. Approaches that can be applied to counteract DKD are then discussed, which include mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and mimetics of superoxide dismutase, caloric restriction, plant/herbal extracts or their isolated compounds. Finally, the review ends by pointing out that future studies are needed to dissect the role of each pathway involved in NADH-NAD+ metabolism so that novel strategies to restore NADH/NAD+ redox balance in the diabetic kidney could be designed to combat DKD.
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Franza, Thierry, Annika Rogstam, Saravanamuthu Thiyagarajan, Matthew J. Sullivan, Aurelie Derré-Bobillot, Mikael C. Bauer, Kelvin G. K. Goh, et al. "NAD+ pool depletion as a signal for the Rex regulon involved in Streptococcus agalactiae virulence." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): e1009791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009791.

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In many Gram-positive bacteria, the redox-sensing transcriptional repressor Rex controls central carbon and energy metabolism by sensing the intra cellular balance between the reduced and oxidized forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; the NADH/NAD+ ratio. Here, we report high-resolution crystal structures and characterization of a Rex ortholog (Gbs1167) in the opportunistic pathogen, Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B streptococcus (GBS). We present structures of Rex bound to NAD+ and to a DNA operator which are the first structures of a Rex-family member from a pathogenic bacterium. The structures reveal the molecular basis of DNA binding and the conformation alterations between the free NAD+ complex and DNA-bound form of Rex. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that GBS Rex controls not only central metabolism, but also expression of the monocistronic rex gene as well as virulence gene expression. Rex enhances GBS virulence after disseminated infection in mice. Mechanistically, NAD+ stabilizes Rex as a repressor in the absence of NADH. However, GBS Rex is unique compared to Rex regulators previously characterized because of its sensing mechanism: we show that it primarily responds to NAD+ levels (or growth rate) rather than to the NADH/NAD+ ratio. These results indicate that Rex plays a key role in GBS pathogenicity by modulating virulence factor gene expression and carbon metabolism to harvest nutrients from the host.
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Hasegawa, Satoshi, Kimio Uematsu, Yumi Natsuma, Masako Suda, Kazumi Hiraga, Toru Jojima, Masayuki Inui, and Hideaki Yukawa. "Improvement of the Redox Balance Increases l-Valine Production by Corynebacterium glutamicum under Oxygen Deprivation Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 3 (December 2, 2011): 865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07056-11.

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ABSTRACTProduction ofl-valine under oxygen deprivation conditions byCorynebacterium glutamicumlacking the lactate dehydrogenase geneldhAand overexpressing thel-valine biosynthesis genesilvBNCDEwas repressed. This was attributed to imbalanced cofactor production and consumption in the overalll-valine synthesis pathway: two moles of NADH was generated and two moles of NADPH was consumed per mole ofl-valine produced from one mole of glucose. In order to solve this cofactor imbalance, the coenzyme requirement forl-valine synthesis was converted from NADPH to NADH via modification of acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase encoded byilvCand introduction ofLysinibacillus sphaericusleucine dehydrogenase in place of endogenous transaminase B, encoded byilvE. The intracellular NADH/NAD+ratio significantly decreased, and glucose consumption andl-valine production drastically improved. Moreover,l-valine yield increased and succinate formation decreased concomitantly with the decreased intracellular redox state. These observations suggest that the intracellular NADH/NAD+ratio, i.e., reoxidation of NADH, is the primary rate-limiting factor forl-valine production under oxygen deprivation conditions. Thel-valine productivity and yield were even better and by-products derived from pyruvate further decreased as a result of a feedback resistance-inducing mutation in the acetohydroxy acid synthase encoded byilvBN. The resultant strain produced 1,470 mMl-valine after 24 h with a yield of 0.63 mol mol of glucose−1, and thel-valine productivity reached 1,940 mM after 48 h.
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Chalermwat, Chalongchai, Thitipa Thosapornvichai, Laran T. Jensen, and Duangrurdee Wattanasirichaigoon. "Genetic Analysis of Peroxisomal Genes Required for Longevity in a Yeast Model of Citrin Deficiency." Diseases 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases8010002.

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Citrin is a liver-specific mitochondrial aspartate–glutamate carrier encoded by SLC25A13. Citrin deficiency caused by SLC25A13 mutation results in carbohydrate toxicity, citrullinemia type II, and fatty liver diseases, the mechanisms of some of which remain unknown. Citrin shows a functional homolog in yeast aspartate-glutamate carrier (Agc1p) and agc1Δ yeasts are used as a model organism of citrin deficiency. Here, we found that agc1Δ yeasts decreased fat utilization, impaired NADH balance in peroxisomes, and decreased chronological lifespan. The activation of GPD1-mediated NAD+ regeneration in peroxisomes by GPD1 over-expression or activation of the malate–oxaloacetate NADH peroxisomal shuttle, by increasing flux in this NADH shuttle and over-expression of MDH3, resulted in lifespan extension of agc1Δ yeasts. In addition, over-expression of PEX34 restored longevity of agc1Δ yeasts as well as wild-type cells. The effect of PEX34-mediated longevity required the presence of the GPD1-mediated NADH peroxisomal shuttle, which was independent of the presence of the peroxisomal malate–oxaloacetate NADH shuttle and PEX34-induced peroxisome proliferation. These data confirm that impaired NAD+ regeneration in peroxisomes is a key defect in the yeast model of citrin deficiency, and enhancing peroxisome function or inducing NAD+ regeneration in peroxisomes is suggested for further study in patients’ hepatocytes.
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Santidrian, Antonio F., Akemi Matsuno-Yagi, Melissa Ritland, Byoung B. Seo, Sarah E. LeBoeuf, Laurie J. Gay, Takao Yagi, and Brunhilde Felding-Habermann. "Mitochondrial complex I activity and NAD+/NADH balance regulate breast cancer progression." Journal of Clinical Investigation 123, no. 3 (February 15, 2013): 1068–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci64264.

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Sonavane, Manoj, Faisal Hayat, Mikhail Makarov, Marie E. Migaud, and Natalie R. Gassman. "Dihydronicotinamide riboside promotes cell-specific cytotoxicity by tipping the balance between metabolic regulation and oxidative stress." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): e0242174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242174.

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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), the essential cofactor derived from vitamin B3, is both a coenzyme in redox enzymatic processes and substrate in non-redox events; processes that are intimately implicated in all essential bioenergetics. A decrease in intracellular NAD+ levels is known to cause multiple metabolic complications and age-related disorders. One NAD+ precursor is dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH), which increases NAD+ levels more potently in both cultured cells and mice than current supplementation strategies with nicotinamide riboside (NR), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) or vitamin B3 (nicotinamide and niacin). However, the consequences of extreme boosts in NAD+ levels are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the cell-specific effects of acute NRH exposure in mammalian cells. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG3) cells show dose-dependent cytotoxicity when supplemented with 100–1000 μM NRH. Cytotoxicity was not observed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells over the same dose range of NRH. PUMA and BAX mediate the cell-specific cytotoxicity of NRH in HepG3. When supplementing HepG3 with 100 μM NRH, a significant increase in ROS was observed concurrent with changes in the NAD(P)H and GSH/GSSG pools. NRH altered mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial superoxide formation, and induced mitochondrial DNA damage in those cells. NRH also caused metabolic dysregulation, altering mitochondrial respiration. Altogether, we demonstrated the detrimental consequences of an extreme boost of the total NAD (NAD+ + NADH) pool through NRH supplementation in HepG3. The cell-specific effects are likely mediated through the different metabolic fate of NRH in these cells, which warrants further study in other systemic models.
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Giancaspero, Teresa Anna, Vittoria Locato, and Maria Barile. "A Regulatory Role of NAD Redox Status on Flavin Cofactor Homeostasis inS. cerevisiaeMitochondria." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/612784.

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Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) are two redox cofactors of pivotal importance for mitochondrial functionality and cellular redox balance. Despite their relevance, the mechanism by which intramitochondrial NAD(H) and FAD levels are maintained remains quite unclear inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. We investigated here the ability of isolated mitochondria to degrade externally added FAD and NAD (in both its reduced and oxidized forms). A set of kinetic experiments demonstrated that mitochondrial FAD and NAD(H) destroying enzymes are different from each other and from the already characterized NUDIX hydrolases. We studied here, in some detail, FAD pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.18), which is inhibited by NAD+and NADH according to a noncompetitive inhibition, withKivalues that differ from each other by an order of magnitude. These findings, together with the ability of mitochondrial FAD pyrophosphatase to metabolize endogenous FAD, presumably deriving from mitochondrial holoflavoproteins destined to degradation, allow for proposing a novel possible role of mitochondrial NAD redox status in regulating FAD homeostasis and/or flavoprotein degradation inS. cerevisiae.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Balanço NAD+"

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Llanos, Ricardo Pariona. "Caracterização de interações proteína-DNA em tripanossomas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42135/tde-22092014-184950/.

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O T. cruzi, é o agente causador da doença de Chagas. O estado redox NAD+/NADH intracelular é fundamental na manutenção do metabolismo celular. A GAPDH apresenta a função de proteção do telômero em mamíferos contra degradação, isto por causa de ligar se ao telômero. Aqui, mostramos que a GAPDH recombinante de T. cruzi (rTcGAPDH) interage com o DNA telomérico. A rTcGAPDH liga ao DNA de simples fita. Mostramos que a GAPDH liga ao DNA telomérico in vivo em células epimastigotas, onde a [NADH] é maior que [NAD+], mas a adição de NAD+ exógeno bloqueia esta interação. Corroborando a hipótese de que o equilíbrio NAD+/NADH determina a interação GAPDH-telômero, vimos que o tripomastigota tem maior [NAD+] intracelular que a [NADH] e a GAPDH não é capaz de ligar se ao DNA telomérico. Além disso, o NADH exógeno resgata a interação GAPDH-telómero nesta fase. É importante o equilíbrio NAD+/NADH desta interação em tripanosomas, sugerindo que a proteção do telômero do parasita pode ser regulada pelo estado metabólico das células.
The T. cruzi, is the causative agent of Chagas disease. The redox state of NAD+/NADH intracellular is critical in the maintenance of cellular metabolism. The GAPDH has the protection function of the telomere in mammals against degradation, because it is connecting to the telomere. Here we show the recombinant GAPDH of T. cruzi (rTcGAPDH) interacts with telomeric DNA. The rTcGAPDH binds to single-stranded DNA. We show GAPDH to bind to telomeric DNA in vivo epimastigotes cells, where [NADH] is greater than [NAD+], but the addition of exogenous NAD+ blocks this interaction. Corroborating the hypothesis that the NAD+/NADH balance determines the GAPDH-telomere interaction, we saw that the trypomastigote has higher [NAD+] that intracellular [NADH] and GAPDH is not able to connect to telomeric DNA. In addition, the exogenous NADH recovers the GAPDH-telomere interaction at this stage. It is important the NAD+/NADH balance this interaction in trypanosomes, suggesting that the protection of the telomere of the parasite can be regulated by the metabolic state of the cells.
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Halouzka, Jakub. "Rekreační objekt Kouty nad Desnou - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226487.

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In this thesis, technological project of building an apartment house in Kouty Desnou is presented. The thesis will include drawings of the site facilities, budget, three technological regulations to solved stages, building technology study, scheduling, resource and material balance, control and test plan and safety.
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Pham, Hung, Le Phu Vo, Van Trung Le, and Paul A. Olivier. "Water balance changes in the upper part of Dong Nai River basin." Technische Universität Dresden, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70828.

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In recent decades, changes in land use and land cover (LULC) arising from socio-economic development, coupled with climate change, have severely undermined and compromised the environmental sustainability of the upper part of Dong Nai (UPDN) river basin. Assessing the long-term impacts of climate change and changes in LULC on hydrological conditions and water balance in the UPDN river basin is essential for sustainable watershed management. In the present study, Landsat images and SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model were used to assess water balance changes due to changes of climate and LULC at three different intervals: 1994, 2004, and 2014. The results of Landsat images classification indicated that forest land was the main LULC type in the basin. In 1994 the forest cover was 706,803 ha (72.68% of the total landmass). In 2004 the forest area dropped to 520,359 ha (53.51%). In 2014 the forest area dropped further to 485,908 ha (49.97%). The change in LULC has caused changes in the annual and peak water flows. The analysis of the results revealed that the effect of historical climate variations on water yield was greater than the LULC change. With the scenario of LULC 2014, the consumption of irrigation water was the highest and mainly in the dry season. The findings can provide useful information for decision-makers in planning and formulating policies for sustainable watershed management and climate change adaptation.
Trong những thập niên gần đây, sự thay đổi về sử dụng đất và thực phủ (LULC) do những hoạt động phát triển kinh tế - xã hội cùng với biến đổi khí hậu đã đặt ra những thách thức cho sự bền vững về môi trường ở lưu vực thượng nguồn sông Đồng Nai (UPDN). Đánh giá các tác động lâu dài của biến đổi khí hậu và những thay đổi trong LULC đến điều kiện thủy văn và cân bằng nước là việc cần thiết cho quản lý bền vững nguồn nước. Trong nghiên cứu này, các ảnh vệ tinh Landsat, công cụ đánh giá đất và nước (SWAT) được sử dụng để đánh giá sự thay đổi cân bằng nước do sự thay đổi khí hậu và LULC tại ba thời điểm khác nhau 1994, 2004 và 2014. Kết quả phân loại các ảnh Landsat cho thấy rừng là loại thực phủ chính trong lưu vực. Diện tích rừng của năm 1994 là 706.803 ha (72,68%). Diện tích rừng của năm 2004 đã giảm xuống còn 520.359 ha (53,1%) và đến năm 2014 chỉ còn 485.908ha (49,97%). Thay đổi sử dụng đất và thực phủ đã làm thay đổi chế độ thủy văn và dòng chảy đỉnh. Phân tích kết quả đã xác định rằng những sự thay đổi về điều kiện khí hậu trong quá khứ có ảnh hưởng đến lượng nước lớn hơn so với thay đổi về thực phủ. Với kịch bản LULC năm 2014, nhu cầu sử dụng nước tưới cho cây trồng là lớn nhất và chủ yếu trong mùa khô. Những kết quả đạt được trong nghiên cứu này sẽ cung cấp thông tin hữu ích cho các nhà hoạch định trong lập kế hoạch và ban hành chính sách cho quản lý lưu vực bền vững, thích ứng với biến đổi khí hậu.
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Guignabert, Christophe Ortho Marie-Pia d'. "Balance gélatinases/TIMP & agressions pulmonaires par radiomimétique et rayonnements ionisants." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:8080/theses-npd/th0253524.pdf.

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Thèse de doctorat : Physiologie et physiopathologie de l'appareil respiratoire : Paris 12 : 2005.
Version électronique uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
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Bittencourt, Valnaide Gomes. "Aplica??o de t?cnicas de aprendizado de m?quina no reconhecimento de classes estruturais de prote?nas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2005. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15423.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ValnaideGB.pdf: 1369975 bytes, checksum: 404710d72240200cbd30a9116933d340 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-25
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Nowadays, classifying proteins in structural classes, which concerns the inference of patterns in their 3D conformation, is one of the most important open problems in Molecular Biology. The main reason for this is that the function of a protein is intrinsically related to its spatial conformation. However, such conformations are very difficult to be obtained experimentally in laboratory. Thus, this problem has drawn the attention of many researchers in Bioinformatics. Considering the great difference between the number of protein sequences already known and the number of three-dimensional structures determined experimentally, the demand of automated techniques for structural classification of proteins is very high. In this context, computational tools, especially Machine Learning (ML) techniques, have become essential to deal with this problem. In this work, ML techniques are used in the recognition of protein structural classes: Decision Trees, k-Nearest Neighbor, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Neural Networks. These methods have been chosen because they represent different paradigms of learning and have been widely used in the Bioinfornmatics literature. Aiming to obtain an improvment in the performance of these techniques (individual classifiers), homogeneous (Bagging and Boosting) and heterogeneous (Voting, Stacking and StackingC) multiclassification systems are used. Moreover, since the protein database used in this work presents the problem of imbalanced classes, artificial techniques for class balance (Undersampling Random, Tomek Links, CNN, NCL and OSS) are used to minimize such a problem. In order to evaluate the ML methods, a cross-validation procedure is applied, where the accuracy of the classifiers is measured using the mean of classification error rate, on independent test sets. These means are compared, two by two, by the hypothesis test aiming to evaluate if there is, statistically, a significant difference between them. With respect to the results obtained with the individual classifiers, Support Vector Machine presented the best accuracy. In terms of the multi-classification systems (homogeneous and heterogeneous), they showed, in general, a superior or similar performance when compared to the one achieved by the individual classifiers used - especially Boosting with Decision Tree and the StackingC with Linear Regression as meta classifier. The Voting method, despite of its simplicity, has shown to be adequate for solving the problem presented in this work. The techniques for class balance, on the other hand, have not produced a significant improvement in the global classification error. Nevertheless, the use of such techniques did improve the classification error for the minority class. In this context, the NCL technique has shown to be more appropriated
Atualmente, a classifica??o estrutural de prote?nas, que diz respeito ? infer?ncia de padr?es em sua conforma??o 3D, ? um dos principais problemas em aberto da Biologia Molecular. Esse problema vem recebendo a aten??o de muitos pesquisadores na ?rea de Bioinform?tica pelo fato de as fun??es das prote?nas estarem intrinsecamente relacionadas ?s suas diferentes conforma??es espaciais, que s?o de dif?cil obten??o experimental em laborat?rio. Considerando a grande diferen?a entre o n?mero de seq??ncias de prote?nas conhecidas e o n?mero de estruturas tridimensionais determinadas experimentalmente, ? alta a demanda por t?cnicas automatizadas de classifica??o estrutural de prote?nas. Nesse contexto, as ferramentas computacionais, principalmente as t?cnicas de Aprendizado de M?quina (AM), tornaram-se alternativas essenciais para tratar esse problema. Neste trabalho, t?cnicas de AM s?o empregadas no reconhecimento de classes estruturais de prote?nas: ?rvore de Decis?o, k-Vizinhos Mais Pr?ximos, Na?ve Bayes, M?quinas de Vetores Suporte e Redes Neurais Artificiais. Esses m?todos foram escolhidos por representarem diferentes paradigmas de aprendizado e serem bastante citados na literatura. Visando conseguir uma melhoria de desempenho na solu??o do problema abordado, sistemas de multiclassifica??o homog?nea (Bagging e Boosting) e heterog?nea (Voting, Stacking e StackingC) s?o aplicados nesta pesquisa, usando como base as t?cnicas de AM anteriormente mencionadas. Al?m disso, pelo fato de a base de dados de prote?nas considerada neste trabalho apresentar o problema de classes desbalanceadas, t?cnicas artificiais de balanceamento de classes (Under-sampling Aleat?rio, Tomek Links, CNN, NCL e OSS) s?o utilizadas a fim de minimizar esse problema e melhorar o desempenho dos classificadores. Para a avalia??o dos m?todos de AM, um procedimento de valida??o cruzada ? empregado, em que a acur?cia dos classificadores ? medida atrav?s das m?dias da taxa de classifica??o incorreta nos conjuntos de testes independentes. Essas m?dias s?o comparadas duas a duas pelo teste de hip?tese a fim de avaliar se h? diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre elas. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se observar, entre os classificadores base, o desempenho superior do m?todo M?quinas de Vetores Suporte. Os sistemas de multiclassifica??o (homog?nea e heterog?nea), por sua vez, apresentaram, em geral, uma acur?cia superior ou similar a dos classificadores usados como base, destacando-se o Boosting que usou ?rvore de Decis?o em sua forma??o e o StackingC tendo como meta classificador a Regress?o Linear. O m?todo Voting, apesar de sua simplicidade, tamb?m mostrou-se adequado para a solu??o do problema considerado nesta disserta??o. Em rela??o ?s t?cnicas de balanceamento de classes, n?o foram alcan?ados melhores resultados de classifica??o global com as bases de dados obtidas com a aplica??o de tais t?cnicas. No entanto, foi poss?vel uma melhor classifica??o espec?fica da classe minorit?ria, de dif?cil aprendizado. A t?cnica NCL foi a que se mostrou mais apropriada ao balanceamento de classes da base de dados de prote?nas
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Books on the topic "Balanço NAD+"

1

Minoru, Genda. Heiwa no tankyū: Heiki ni takusu mirai wa nai. Tōkyō: Zenponsha, 1990.

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Čhulālongkō̜nmahāwitthayālai. Rāingān chabap sombūn, khrōngkān wičhai khwāmmo̜som nai kānkamnot māttrakān phư̄a lot kānkhātdun bō̜rikān sanœ̄ Krom Kānprakanphai, Krasūang Phānit. [Bangkok]: Čhulālongkō̜nmahāwitthayālai, 1991.

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Benson, Carl S. Semi-annual report on NASA grant NAG 5 887 entitled remote sensing of global snowpack energy and mass balance: In-situ measurements on the snow of interior and Arctic Alaska. Fairbanks, Alaska: Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, 1989.

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Andrade, Darly Fernando (org.), ed. Sustentabilidade e Responsabilidade Social em Foco – Volume 6. Belo Horizonte: Editora Poisson, 2018.

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Schild, Laurent. Sodium transport and balance. Edited by Robert Unwin. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0021.

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The kidney maintains the extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure by regulating urinary sodium (Na+) excretion to precisely balance daily Na+ intake. Genetic and experimental evidence support a central role for the distal nephron in the fine tuning of urinary Na+ excretion. The cellular and molecular aspects of the transporters involved in Na+ reabsorption in the distal nephron, and their regulation linked to complex signaling pathways are discussed. Na+ absorption can be viewed as a continuum in the activities of specific transport processes along the distal nephron. The crosstalk between these different and complex reabsorptive processes is important for the adaptation of Na+ excretion in various physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological conditions.
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Simulação, ambiente e energia no espaço construído. Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/9786558460435.

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Este livro aborda conceitos, tecnologias e métodos relacionados aos aspectos energético, higrotérmico e lumínico, apresentando como pano de fundo o uso de programas de simulação computacional, diagramas e ferramentas simplificadas para estudos analíticos, aplicados ao espaço construído em diferentes climas. Na primeira parte do livro, “Inputs – conforto, vento e luz”, o Capítulo 1 apresenta a ferramenta alemã de simulação computacional ENVI-met e o seu potencial na análise do microclima urbano; o Capítulo 2 mostra as variáveis climáticas e os arquivos climáticos utilizados nas simulações higrotérmica; o Capítulo 3 aborda os programas de simulação aplicados à ventilação natural; e o Capítulo 4 trata da complexidade dos estudos de iluminação e a necessidade de avaliar várias dimensões, simultaneamente. Na segunda parte, “Outputs – ambiente construído e energia”, o Capítulo 5 ensina a identificar o potencial de aproveitamento das envoltórias para integrar sistemas de geração de energia; o Capítulo 6 traz a análise de uma casa pré-fabricada de balanço energético nulo; e o Capítulo 7 insere, à guisa de conclusão, uma visão sistêmica sobre o uso da energia elétrica no país. O livro dialoga com diversos perfis profissionais, pois contempla temas atuais e inovadores para estudantes e profissionais de Arquitetura, Engenharia, Geografia, Planejamento Urbano e áreas relacionadas com a qualidade e sustentabilidade do ambiente construído.
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Brêtas, Anilce de Araújo. Balanço eletrolítico estratégico na ração de suínos criados em clima quente. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-318-3.

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The effect of Dietary Electrolyte Balance (EB) in rations for growing and finished swine under high temperatures ambient was evaluated. Two hundred male castrated pigs with initial average 25,3±1.3 kg were allotted in completely randomized experimental design with five treatments T1 diet without supplemented electrolyte 191 mEq/kg; T2 (supl B) diet supplementd with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) 250 mEq/kg; T3 (supl B+C) diet supplemented with (NaHCO3) and potassium chloride (KCl) 250 mEq/kg; T4 (supl B) diet supplemented with (NaHCO3) 300 mEq/kg; T5 (supl B+C) diet supplemented (NaHCO3) and (KCl) 300 mEq/kg and four replication and 10 pigs per experimental unit. The average weight of the animals was 68,8±3,4 kg. The performance parameters evaluated were the feed intake (FI), the daily gain (DG), finished weight (FW), nitrogen intake (NI), lysine intake (LI), efficiency of N utilization for weight gain (ENUWG), efficiency of L utilization for weight gain (ELUWG) and the gain:feed ration and physiologic parameters to respiratory frequency (RF) and rectal temperature (RT). Blood was colleted to measure serum concentration of Na, Cl and K. The average temperature was 29,65±1,80ºC with (RU) of 69,6±10,4%. The levels of EB decreased (P<0,05) the (FI) and improved (NI). The others performance parameters evaluated weren’t influenced by treatments (P>0,05). In the termination phase the supplementation with sodium bicarbonate and or potassium chloride with 250 or 300 mEq/kg can be used to correct electrolyte balance under heat stress.
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Predictions of control inputs, periodic responses and damping levels of an isolated experimental rotor in trimmed flight: Final technical report under NASA-Ames research grant no. NAG 2-797. Boca Raton, FL: Florida Atlantic University, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, 1996.

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Semi-annual report on NASA grant NAG 5 887 entitled remote sensing of global snowpack energy and mass balance: In-situ measurements on the snow of interior and Arctic Alaska. Fairbanks, Alaska: Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, 1989.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Semi-annual report on NASA grant NAG 5 887 entitled remote sensing of global snowpack energy and mass balance: In-situ measurements on the snow of interior and Arctic Alaska. Fairbanks, Alaska: Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Balanço NAD+"

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Hayashi, Masahiro, Ayako Matsuda, and Aya Nagaoka. "Fatty Acid Production from Xylose by Xylose-Assimilating Thraustochytrid and Cellular NADPH/NADP+ Balance." In Electron-Based Bioscience and Biotechnology, 121–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4763-8_9.

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Mayevsky, A., S. Meilin, T. Manor, N. Zarchin, and J. Sonn. "Optical Monitoring of Nadh Redox State and Blood Flow as Indicators of Brain Energy Balance." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 133–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4717-4_16.

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Linh, Huynh Thi Phuong, and Olivier Tessier. "Negotiating Water Institutions in the Đồng-Nai River Basin, Vietnam: Unstable Balance Between Conservatism and Innovation." In Advances in Global Change Research, 283–317. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90400-9_16.

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Săvescu, Petre. "Natural Compounds with Antioxidant Activity-Used in the Design of Functional Foods." In Functional Foods [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97364.

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This chapter is intended to describe the main antioxidants used in the design and construction of functional foods. Defining the role of antioxidants, in the main redox processes in which certain oxidoreductases are involved, the best way of monitoring the activity of certain coenzymes of these oxidoreductases, will be established the main criteria in the design of sustainable functional foods. In addition, the importance of some coenzymes (FMN, FMNH + H +, NAD, NADH + H+) in preserving the activity of some valuable bio-compounds (with the role of antioxidants) in functional foods will be highlighted. Antioxidants are good disease-fighters, protecting our bodies from free radicals’ attacks that would otherwise damage of the human cellular structures. Knowing and supporting the activity of the main compounds (with antioxidant activity) are operations that improve the reaction mechanisms of redox processes and can significantly contribute to achieving good functional foods - able to regulate the acid–base balance of the body and improve the metabolic processes from the consumer body.
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Batista, Ricardo dos Santos. "Um balanço geral." In Sífilis e Reforma da Saúde na Bahia (1920-1945), 249–58. EDUNEB, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7476/9786588211076.0007.

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Puppim de Oliveira, José Antonio. "Relatórios e balanços sociais." In Empresas Na Sociedade, 135–47. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-85-352-4554-7.00012-9.

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"NOD Makerspace." In European Perspectives on Learning Communities and Opportunities in the Maker Movement, 159–76. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8307-3.ch007.

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NOD Makerspace in Bucharest, Romania is located in a renovated cotton factory that was built when Romania was under communist rule. It's fitting that NOD has transformed the space to become a beacon of entrepreneurship and innovation within Bucharest. NOD is the first makerspace in the city, with studios in the areas of digital fabrication, ceramics, metal and woodworking, computing, and textiles. The space also provides offices for small businesses and startups, which is an integral part of the mission of NOD. Open since 2015, NOD has continued to grow by taking over the ground floor of the factory, which will house more studio space for businesses and startups. NOD is committed to entrepreneurship and innovation but at this time struggles to find a balance between the younger generation of makers and the current professional makers of NOD. This chapter explores NOD Makerspace.
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STEIN, S. J. "BALANCEAMENTO QUÍMICO: ROLÊ- BALANCÊ APRENDA JOGANDO!" In QUESTÕES EM DEBATE: CONTEMPORANEIDADES, 86–99. Arco Editores, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48209/978-65-00-conte-6.

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O presente trabalho traz a utilização de um jogo para as aulas de química. Na busca de despertar o interesse dos alunos, o jogo foi desenvolvido pelos acadêmicos do curso de Licenciatura em Química do Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia – IFRO, campus Ji-Paraná nas aulas de Metodologia do Ensino de Ciências II. O jogo tem como título: Rolê- Balancê, baseado nos conteúdos de: tabela periódica, reações e balanceamento da disciplina de Química, visto que esses conteúdos são complexos e classificados como difíceis pelos jovens e adolescentes do ensino médio.
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Riquetti, Neilor Bugoni, Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva, Saulo Fernando Gomes de Sousa, Leandro Augusto Félix Tavares, Tiago Pereira da Silva Correia, Samuel Luiz Fioreze, and Jonatas Thiago Piva. "BALANÇO ENERGÉTICO E ECONÔMICO DA SEMEADURA CRUZADA DE SOJA." In A produção do Conhecimento nas Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, 184–97. Atena Editora, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.84519260423.

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Severo, Ihana Aguiar, Yuri Naidon Favero, Mariany Costa Deprá, Rodrigo Stefanello Bizello Barrios, Rosangela Rodrigues Dias, Mariane Bittencourt Fagundes, Roger Wager, Leila Queiroz Zepka, and Eduardo Jacob-Lopes. "BALANÇO ENERGÉTICO DO SISTEMA INTEGRADO DE BIO-COMBUSTÃO." In Impactos das Tecnologias na Engenharia Química 3, 79–84. Atena Editora, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.31919010411.

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Conference papers on the topic "Balanço NAD+"

1

Barros, Sueli Aguiar, and Jhon Alan de Souza. "GANHOS OBTIDOS COM A MUDANÇA DE FORNECEDOR DE PRODUTOS QUÍMICOS NAS TORRES DE RESFRIAMENTO DO SETOR DE UTILIDADES NA CSN." In 37º Balanços Energéticos / 31º Gases Industriais. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2237-0234-27479.

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Andrade Júnior, Milson de, Marcelo Duque da Silva, André Luis de Oliveira, and Diogo Theodoro Lago. "IMPLANTAÇÃO DE MODO DE CONTROLE AUTOMÁTICO PARA O SISTEMA DE INJEÇÃO DE GÁS NATURAL NAS CALDEIRAS DA CENTRAL TERMOELÉTRICA 2 NA CSN." In 37º Balanços Energéticos / 31º Gases Industriais. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2237-0234-27643.

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Coura, Dimas Pereira, Eder Quental de Araújo, and José Geraldo da Silva Moreira. "ESTUDO DA VIABILIDADE DE INSTALAÇÃO DE SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO NAS SIDERÚRGICAS BRASILEIRAS INTEGRADAS A COQUE." In 40° Seminário de Balanços Energéticos Globais e Utilidades. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-3626-33625.

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Oliveira, Ricardo dos Santos, Carlos Frederico Campos de Assis, Paulo Santos Assis, Bruno Sardenberg de Castro Lima, and Marina do Carmo Carias. "UTILIZAÇÃO DA CASCA DE CAFÉ COM CARVÃO VEGETAL COMO MATERIAL REDUTOR E ENERGÉTICO NA INJEÇÃO DE MATERIAL PULVERIZADO NAS VENTANEIRAS DOS ALTOS-FORNOS." In 37º Balanços Energéticos / 31º Gases Industriais. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2237-0234-27707.

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Baptista, Camila Oliveira, Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça da Silveira, and Paulo Roberto Carregosa Luiz. "A INFLUÊNCIA DA IRRADIAÇÃO NUCLEAR NAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DOS MATERIAIS APLICADOS NA GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA." In 39° Seminário de Balanços Energéticos Globais e Utilidades. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-3626-32162.

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NEVES, T. P., and J. MANZI. "CONSIDERAÇÕES DO TRABALHO MECÂNICO NAS EQUAÇÕES DE BALANÇO EM REATORES PRF e CSTR." In XX Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Química. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chemeng-cobeq2014-1472-19115-159143.

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Shahverdi, Pourya, Mohammad Javad Ansari, and Mehdi Tale Masouleh. "Balance Strategy for Human Imitation by a NAO Humanoid Robot." In 2017 5th RSI International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICRoM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrom.2017.8466225.

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Soares, Lis Nunes, Laura Silva Macedo Lima, Rodrigo Venâncio da Silva, and André Amaral Ribeiro. "INFLUÊNCIA DO TIPO DE ALINHAMENTO DOS TUBOS NAS TEMPERATURAS DOS CANAIS DE FUMAÇA NO FORNO DE AUSTENITIZAÇÃO E NA HOMOGENEIDADE DOS TUBOS PRODUZIDOS." In 35° Seminário de Balanços Energéticos Globais e Utilidades e 29° Encontro de Produtores e Consumidores de Gases Industriais. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-3626-25543.

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Mousavi, Fatemeh Sadat, Payam Ghassemi, Ahmad Kalhor, and Mehdi Tale Masouleh. "Dynamic balance of a NAO H25 Humanoid robot based on model predictive control." In 2017 IEEE 4th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Engineering and Innovation (KBEI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kbei.2017.8324964.

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Debao, Wei, Qiao Liyan, Zhang Peng, and Peng Xiyuan. "BPM: A Bad Page Management Strategy for the Lifetime Extension of Flash Memory." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46604.

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The lifetime of NAND flash is highly restricted by bit error rate (BER) which would exponentially increase with the number of program/erase cycles. While the error correcting codes (ECC) can only provide a limited error correction ability to tolerate the bit errors. To face this challenge, a novel bad page management (BPM) strategy is proposed to extend the lifetime of NAND flash based on the experimental observations in our hardware-software co-designed experimental platform. The experimental observations indicate that retention error is the dominant type of NAND flash errors, which is caused by the charge leakage in memory cells over time. The BER distribution of retention error shows distinct variance in different pages. The key idea of BPM is to excavate lifetime potency of each page in a block by introducing the fine granularity bad page management instead of the coarse granularity bad block management. In addition, to balance the lifetime enhancement and the storage capacity degradation, a configurable threshold of bad page management (CT-BPM) strategy is proposed to utilize in the storage capacity highly demanded applications. The experimental results show that BPM can provide dozens of times (about 35 times for 3x-nm NAND flash) average lifetime extension without additional hardware cost, while experiencing at most 5% degradation in writing speed.
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Reports on the topic "Balanço NAD+"

1

Wendelberger, James G. Non-Destructive Assay (NDA) Uncertainties Impact on Physical Inventory Difference (ID) and Material Balance Determination: Sources of Error, Precision/Accuracy, and ID/Propagation of Error (POV). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1304800.

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Research Department - Banking Section - Commonwealth Bank and NID Balance Sheet - Central Banking Business - Analysis of Weekly fluctuations - File 2 - July 1952 - June 1958. Reserve Bank of Australia, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/14678.

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Research Department - Banking Section - Commonwealth Bank and NID Balance Sheet - Central Banking Business - Analysis of Weekly fluctuations - File 1 - May 1946 - June 1952. Reserve Bank of Australia, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/14677.

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