Academic literature on the topic 'Ball launcher'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ball launcher"
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Tomac, Mike. "The “holey” ball launcher." Physics Teacher 38, no. 2 (February 2000): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.880458.
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Ivashtenko, Oryna, Polina Kofman, Oleksiy Golubov, and Zakhar Maizelis. "Origami launcher." Emergent Scientist 3 (2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/emsci/2019004.
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The article studies the elastic and locomotive properties of Miura-ori-type paper origami. The mechanics of a single paper crease is studied experimentally, and its non-elastic properties turn out to be crucial. The entire origami construction is then described as a collection of individual creases, its capability to launch small objects is evaluated, and the equation of motion is found. Thus, the height of the launched ball is studied theoretically and experimentally as a function of governing parameters.
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Yamagami, Hiroshi, Hidemitsu Tanaka, Yoshiaki Okui, and Hajime Yamada. "Flying Velocity Characteristics of a Steel Ball by Means of Solenoid Type Electromagnetic Launcher." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 112, no. 12 (1992): 1214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.112.1214.
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Gies, Valentin, Thierry Soriano, Sebastian Marzetti, Valentin Barchasz, Herve Barthelemy, Herve Glotin, and Vincent Hugel. "Optimisation of Energy Transfer in Reluctance Coil Guns: Application to Soccer Ball Launchers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (April 30, 2020): 3137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093137.
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Reluctance coil guns are electromagnetic launchers having a good ratio of energy transmitted to actuator volume, making them a good choice for propelling objects with a limited actuator space. In this paper, we focus on an application, which is launching real size soccer balls with a size constrained robot. As the size of the actuator cannot be increased, kicking strength can only be improved by enhancing electrical to mechanical energy conversion, compared to existing systems. For this, we propose to modify its inner structure, splitting the coil and the energy storage capacitor into several ones, and triggering the coils successively for propagating the magnetic force in order to improve efficiency. This article first presents a model of reluctance electromagnetic coil guns using a coupled electromagnetic, electrical and mechanical models. Four different coil gun structures are then simulated, concluding that splitting the kicking coil into two half size ones is the best trade-off for optimizing energy transfer, while maintaining an acceptable system complexity and controllability. This optimization results in robust enhancement and leads to an increase by 104 % of the energy conversion compared to a reference launcher used. This result has been validated experimentally on our RoboCup robots. This paper also proves that splitting the coil into a higher number of coils is not an interesting trade-off. Beyond results on the chosen case study, this paper presents an optimization technique based on mixed mechanic, electric and electromagnetic modelling that can be applied to any reluctance coil gun.
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Wang, Bo, Yu Wang, and Jin Lin Huang. "A New Type of Pig Handling Trolley." Applied Mechanics and Materials 84-85 (August 2011): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.84-85.347.
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The Pig is an important tool during the process of oil-gas pipeline’s production, replacement, daily operation and management. Its outer diameter is 2% to 5% larger than the inner diameter of pipelines. It stays a clamping state in the pipelines. The fluid pressure difference before and after the Pig push it from the beginning to the end of the pipelines in order to clear all kinds of impurities in the pipelines and detect the internal and external wall corrosion status of the pipelines or achieve other goals. But during the cleaning-up operation, it is difficult for the Pig to get in and out of the pipelines because of its heavy weight. So a Pig and Pigging ball handling trolley is designed in this paper to push and pull the Pig or Pigging ball to get in and out of the Pig launcher & receiver device. This handling trolley will mechanize the Pigging operations, reduce the labor intensity and improve the work efficiency.
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Moreno, Francisco J., Vicente Luis, Francisco Salgado, Juan A. García, and Raúl Reina. "Visual Behavior and Perception of Trajectories of Moving Objects with Visual Occlusion." Perceptual and Motor Skills 101, no. 1 (August 2005): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.101.1.13-20.
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Experienced athletes in sports with moving objects have shown greater skill when using visual information to anticipate the direction of a moving object than nonexperienced athletes of those sports. Studies have shown that expert athletes are more effective than novices in occlusion situations in the first stages of the sports sequence. In this study, 12 athletes with different competitive experience in sports with moving objects viewed a sequence of tennis ball launches with and without visual occlusion, launched by a ball-shooting machine toward different areas with respect to the participant's position. The relation among visual behavior, occlusion time, and the precision of the task is reviewed. The spot where the balls bounced was analysed by a digital camera and visual behavior by an Eye Tracking System. Analysis showed that the nonexperienced athletes made significantly more errors and were more variable in visual occlusion conditions. Participants had a stable visual search strategy.
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Berdeni, Y., A. Champneys, and R. Szalai. "The two-ball bounce problem." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 471, no. 2179 (July 2015): 20150286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2015.0286.
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A popular classroom demonstration is revisited in which a light ball and a much larger heavier ball are vertically aligned and dropped together onto a hard surface. Careful experimental data obtained using a high-speed camera is compared to a lumped-mass Newtonian restitution model. Good macroscopic agreement is found, provided there is sufficient separation between the two balls as they are dropped. An alternative continuum model based on elastic membrane theory is developed to explain the limit in which the balls are initially touching. The model assumes the lower ball deforms to a truncated sphere upon its impact with the floor, exciting an elastic wave which subsequently launches the upper ball like a particle on a trampoline, before the lower ball leaves the ground. A favourable comparison with experimental data is found for the case of negligible initial separation between the balls.
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Nakashima, Hirotaka, Gen Horiuchi, and Shinji Sakurai. "Standard of the Initial Ball Velocity for a Fly Ball in Baseball Hitting." Proceedings 49, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020049137.
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This study aimed to determine the minimum required initial velocity to hit a fly ball toward the same field (left-field for right-handed batters), center field, and opposite field (right field for right-handed batters). Six baseball players hit fastballs launched by a pitching machine. The movements of the balls before and after bat-to-ball impact were recorded using two high-speed video cameras. The flight distance was determined using a measuring tape. Seventy-nine trials were analyzed, and the minimum required initial velocities of batted balls were quantified to hit balls 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, and 120 m in each direction through regression analysis. As a result, to hit a ball 120 m, initial velocities of 43.0, 43.9, and 46.0 m/s were required for the same field, center field, and opposite field, respectively. The result provides a useful index for batters to hit a fly ball in each of the directions.
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Pinto, Gustavo, Andresa Baptista, Francisco Silva, Jacobo Porteiro, José Míguez, and Ricardo Alexandre. "Study on the Influence of the Ball Material on Abrasive Particles’ Dynamics in Ball-Cratering Thin Coatings Wear Tests." Materials 14, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030668.
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Micro-abrasion remains a test configuration hugely used, mainly for thin coatings. Several studies have been carried out investigating the parameters around this configuration. Recently, a new study was launched studying the behavior of different ball materials in abrasive particles’ dynamics in the contact area. This study intends to extend that study, investigating new ball materials never used so far in this test configuration. Thus, commercial balls of American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 52100 steel, Stainless Steel (SS) (AISI) 304 steel and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were used under different test conditions and abrasive particles, using always the same coating for reference. Craters generated on the coated samples’ surface and tracks on the balls’ surface were carefully observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and 3D microscopy in order to understand the abrasive particles’ dynamics. As a softer material, more abrasive particles were entrapped on the PTFE ball’s surface, generating grooving wear on the samples. SS AISI 304 balls, being softer than the abrasive particles (diamond), also allowed particle entrapment, originating from grooving wear. AISI 52100 steel balls presented particle dynamics that are already known. Thus, this study extends the knowledge already existing, allowing to better select the ball material to be used in ball-cratering tests.
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Allen, Mitchell. "The Autoethnographer’s Ball, 2040." Journal of Autoethnography 1, no. 1 (2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/joae.2020.1.1.9.
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Patricia A. and Peter Adler’s 1999 article on The Ethnographer’s Ball, a hypothetical geography of the community of ethnographers, launched this exercise in futurist speculation. What will happen to autoethnography in the future? What historical trajectory will it take? The adherents of autoethnography—now in its ascendance as a research movement, particularly with the launch of its new journal—will likely follow one or another trajectory that previous intellectual communities have traced. This paper projects five potential scenarios for the future of autoethnography twenty years from now: from universal acceptance, to a narrowly defined community, to being hijacked by a future intellectual movement, to institutionalization within the academy, to complete disappearance. It compares these scenarios to the fates of other scholarly communities such as symbolic interaction, world-systems analysis, and social impact assessment.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ball launcher"
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Robota, Jakub. "Automatický stavěč kuželek – výtah a metač koule." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443023.
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The goal of this master’s thesis was to design and construct ninepin ball elevator for automated pin setter machine and ninepin ball launcher to simulate load and to verify correct function of the setter machine. Also, a ball track was designed as a means of transport for the ball from elevator to launcher. Theoretical part of thesis contains research into ninepin bowling, its rules and analysis of different applicable solutions found on the market that deal with automated pin setters and their ball elevators. Furthermore, a separate research into ball launchers was conducted. Practical part of thesis was comprised of own solution to design and construction of elevator, which extended already designed pin setter machine. After this, track for ball was designed and constructed together with ball launcher which imitates load that would the machine experience during usual game.
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Johansson, Jimmy. "Utformning av en Bollutslungare : Produktutvecklingsprojekt av en bollutslungare för hundsporten Flyball." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44441.
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This report is a product development project of a ball launcher as requested by Sörmons HundklubbLKk. The project har been carried out as a thesis for the Bachelor of Science for the Innovation anddesign engineer program at Karlstad University.The client wished to begin training in a dog sport called Flyball. This sport can be likened to a relayrace where two teams of dogs race against each other. One dog per team runs along a path, leapingover obstacles, up to a ball launcher. When the dog jumps at the ball launcher to stop its momentumand turn back, a ball, launched about two feet, is to be caught by the dog. The dog then returns thesame way along the track as it came to switch with the next dog on the team. The last dog who finishfirst wins for their team.Due to large costs when importing a ball launcher, and the product not being available in Sweden,the client wanted a Swedish version developed. The goal was to minimize the price with the criterionto maximize longevity.The work of the project has followed the product development process as studied at KarlstadUniversity, with great influence by idea generation techniques, analog and digital sketching, 3Dmodeling and mechanical drawing techniques. Construction of the prototype has been carried out inthe workshop at Karlstad University with an evolutionistic design approach. A combination of lateralthinking for creativity and vertical thinking for logic and confirmation was used throughout theproject.The result of the project was a prototype that could be tested in a real environment at the dog cluband was confirmed to function as desired. Due to the availability of material at the workshop,construction of the ball launcher was possible at no cost to the client. This was a request, althoughnot a requirement for the project.The client also wanted to keep the prototype which was constructed to use within the club fortraining purposes. Therefore the ball launcher was completed to a finished prototype after projectclosure.Denna rapport behandlar ett produktutvecklingsprojekt av en bollutslungare på uppdrag av SörmonsHundklubb LKk. Projektet utfördes som ett examensarbete för högskoleingenjörsprogrammet iinnovationsteknik och design på Karlstads universitet.Uppdragsgivaren önskade börja med en hundsport som heter Flyball. Sporten kan liknas vid stafettdär två lag med hundar tävlar mot varandra. En hund per lag springer längst en bana över någrahinder fram till en bollutslungare. När hunden hoppar på bollutslungarens framsida för att vändakastas en boll ut en dryg halvmeter för att fångas av hunden. Hunden återvänder då längst banan föratt byta av med nästa hund i laget. Sista hund först i mål vinner för sitt lag.Då bollutslungaren var dyr att importera och inte fanns tillgänglig i Sverige önskade uppdragsgivarenatt en svensk version skulle utvecklas. Målsättningen var att minimera pris med kriteriet attmaximera livslängd.Arbetet följde produktutvecklingsprocessen såsom den studerats på Karlstads universitet med storinflytelse av idégenerering, analog och digital skissteknik, 3D-modellering och ritningsskapande.Konstruktion av funktionsmodell utfördes på verkstaden på Karlstads universitet med evolutionistiskutveckling av designen. En kombination av lateralt tänkade för kreativitet och vertikalt tänkade förlogik och bekräftelser användes genom projektet.Resultatet av projektet utmynnade i en funktionsmodell som kunde testas i verklig miljö påhundklubben och bekräfta att konceptet fungerade enligt önskemål. På grund av tillgängligt materialkunde konstruktionen av funktionsmodellen utföras utan kostnad för uppdragsgivaren vilket var ettönskemål, dock inte ett krav, för projektet.Uppdragsgivaren önskade behålla funktionsmodellen som skapades för att använda inom klubben förträning av Flyball. Därmed färdigställdes funktionsmodellen till funktionsredo efter projektets slutoch levererades till uppdragsgivaren.
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Šornová, Aneta. "Sledování vybraných funkčních ukazatelů reprezentačního družstva žen ve vodním pólu během RTC." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412020.
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The diploma thesis deals with the monitoring of selected functional indicators of the women's water polo team during the RTC. The aim of this work is to observe the women's team in the water pole during the RTC. Tracking their TF for tests aimed at developing endurance and speed at ball launch. I divided the work into several parts. The theoretical part is devoted to the issue of water polo, deals with the basic skills of a water polo player and deals with the individual peculiarities of sports training and selected functional indicators. The practical part is divided into research and final part. The resulting part contains records of acquired changes in heart rate in selected phases of the annual training cycle. In the resulting part are processed the resulting data. To find out the results for the practical part I used observation methods, questionnaire, testing and statistical methods.
Books on the topic "Ball launcher"
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Ready the Cannons!: Build Wiffle Ball Launchers, Beverage Bottle Bazookas, Hydro Swivel Guns, and Other Artisanal Artillery. Chicago Review Press, 2016.
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Grow, Nathaniel. The Rivalry Begins. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038198.003.0002.
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This chapter examines the history of the rivalry between the Federal League and the American and National leagues and how it culminated in a legal battle. The Federal League of Professional Base Ball Clubs was established in 1913, with the goal of challenging the supremacy of the two established major leagues. It was formed from the remnants of two failed 1912 ventures, the Columbian League and the United States League, through the initiative of John Powers, William McCullough, and Otto Stifel. This chapter first traces the beginnings of the Federal League, from its inception to its creation of franchises, recruitment of players, and team owners' efforts to elevate the stature of their fledgling circuit. It then discusses the origins of the Federal League's legal tussle with organized baseball, focusing on its use of the Sherman Antitrust Act to challenge the latter's blacklisting practices and the reserve clause and to convince the federal government to launch an antitrust probe of both leagues.
Book chapters on the topic "Ball launcher"
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Holmes, Christopher, Roy Jones, Andy Harland, and Jon Petzing. "Ball Launch Characteristics for Elite Rugby Union Players." In The Engineering of Sport 6, 211–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46050-5_38.
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Ismail, Shariman Ismadi, Nabilah Husna Mohd Zani, and Norasrudin Sulaiman. "Relationship Between Launch Angle and Ball Distribution of Kuda Kick in Sepak Takraw Service." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium on Sports Science, Exercise, Engineering and Technology, 69–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6772-3_9.
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"A Little Ball Launched by a Dwarf." In The Dwarf, 47–91. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824864699-004.
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"Figure 3. Graph of ball pressure against ball launch velocity. Figure 4. Graph of ball pressure against ball launch elevation." In Science and Football V, 37–38. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203412992-10.
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Lake, Jessica. "Privacy for Profit and a Right of Publicity." In The Face That Launched a Thousand Lawsuits. Yale University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300214222.003.0006.
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This chapter charts the evolution of a right to privacy to a “right of publicity” in US law and argues that if a right to privacy is recognized as a doctrine primarily used by women to control their images, the development of a right of publicity was a logical extension that accorded with women’s increasing participation in the paid work force. In the 1930s, women found new career opportunities in the emerging visual arts industries as dancers, models and actors and a right to privacy was employed by professional women to protect and profit from what Liz Conor has termed their “techniques of appearing”. It is in this context that a right to privacy’s racial dimensions are best examined, particularly the case of Myers v African American Publishing Co involving a claim by a young “tribal” dancer from Harlem who successfully sued over the publication of professional photographs that had been doctored to emphasise her nudity. A right to privacy was also invoked by men to protect their professions of performance (as golfers, bullfighters, boxers and ball players) and despite numerous early cases brought by professional women, it was in this masculine context that “a right of publicity” was first articulated.
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"Video monitoring system to measure initial launch characteristics of golf ball." In Science and Golf II, 417–23. Taylor & Francis, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203474709-56.
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Fernández, Johanna. "A Second Occupation." In The Young Lords, 305–34. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653440.003.0011.
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In Fall 1970, the Young Lords again occupied the FSUMC church, in response to the shocking death of one of their own, Julio Roldan, who after a false arrest was found hanged in the Tombs, NYC’s notorious detention center. The occupation happened against the backdrop of a prisoner uprising in the Tombs, a precursor to the Attica Rebellion. At the occupied church, the Young Lords mounted a precursor to contemporary movements against mass incarceration and for abolition. They launched a legal defense center to aid poor Black and Latino prisoners; challenged the politics of bail; denounced state repression of the left; the politics of law and order, and the hyper imprisonment of people of color. They identified structural violence, poverty, and racism as root causes of social problems and supported the redistribution of resources and wealth through the revolutionary overthrown of capitalism. The group’s radical actions led to the first official investigation of the death of a single prisoner, Julio Roldan. Roldan’s arrest and arraignment offered a window into the botched legal process that, beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s, exponentially increased the arrest and jailing of people of color living in urban centers.
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Wurster, Charles F. "The DDT Wars: Four Great Victories." In DDT Wars. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190219413.003.0018.
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Nearly five decades ago a group of volunteer scientists and citizens launched a campaign to save birds from the ravages of DDT. They went to court at the local level, then through several states and finally to Washington, DC, overcoming legal barriers and challenging unexpected new issues along the way. By the 1970s, DDT and five other pesticides had been banned. Viewed from the 21st century, these actions produced significant and permanent accomplishments: Preventing cancer—Techniques and procedures for evaluating and regulating carcinogens, which followed the DDT precedents, have been adopted by international treaty. Citizen standing in court—The DDT case broke down the standing barrier, allowing citizens to go to court to protect their environment. It fostered the development of environmental law as we know it today. Recovery of the birds—Populations of iconic bird species, including the Bald Eagle, that had been decimated by DDT, have now recovered their former abundance. Creation of the Environmental Defense Fund—EDF, spawned by the “DDT wars,” has grown into one of the nation’s largest and most influential environmental advocacy organizations. Top authorities in chemical carcinogenesis testified that DDT caused cancer in laboratory animals and that it was, therefore, a possible carcinogen in humans. The precedents set by DDT for identifying and regulating carcinogens then became the basis for banning another five dangerous chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides: aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, chlordane, and mirex (see Chapter 12). EDF had established a very high standard for protection of public health against these carcinogens, as confirmed by two EPA administrators. In 2001 the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (the POPs Treaty) was signed by 151 nations to ban the “dirty dozen,” which included all of the “dirty half-dozen” singled out and banned thanks to EDF’s actions 23 years earlier. There was one exception to the total bans: DDT could be used for only malaria control. In 2009, nine additional POPs were added to the list. By 2013, 179 nations were party to the POPs Treaty, although the United States has not yet ratified it.
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Wurster, Charles F. "EDF, Barely an Organization, Getting Its Act Together." In DDT Wars. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190219413.003.0010.
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The late 1960s and early 1970s was a world of increasing political unrest on many fronts. In January 1969, Richard Nixon replaced Lyndon Johnson as president. Public support for the war in Vietnam was diminishing and there were widespread antiwar demonstrations. Environmental awareness and concerns were rapidly increasing. Air and water pollution were increasingly severe. A huge oil spill dumped 100,000 barrels of crude oil onto the beaches of Santa Barbara, California. The Cuyahoga River in Ohio caught fire. Students buried automobiles on college campuses. Lake Erie could no longer support fish. The great whales were being killed in record numbers. People were apprehensive about pesticides. The Bald Eagle, national symbol, was disappearing. The first Earth Day was launched in 1970. Responding to this public outcry, the National Environmental Policy Act passed Congress almost unanimously and became law on January 1, 1970; the Clean Air Act became law in 1970, the Clean Water Act in 1972, and the Endangered Species Act in 1973; and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act was rewritten in 1972. Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring had appeared in 1962 and generated a sizable public reaction, but pesticide policies had changed very little by 1970. This was the milieu in which EDF sought to pursue its goals of a national ban on DDT and the development of environmental law. Reaching those goals would require a much more substantial organization than EDF was in 1969; at that time it was little more than a board of trustees with plenty of ideas but no staff, no office, and almost no money. Most of those trustees were going about their normal lives with EDF concerns more like a hobby than a profession. Their dedication was strong and very real, but a strategic game plan was barely in sight. There were additional impediments when compared with today’s world. Forty-five years ago communications barely resembled what we have now. Most television sets were black-and-white with small screens and large bulky bodies, although color TV was arriving slowly. There were no computers or cell phones.
Conference papers on the topic "Ball launcher"
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Choi, Hujae, Woohyun Jung, and Nakwan Kim. "Development of autonomous ball launcher system on surface vehicle for detect and deliver mission in 2016 Maritime RobotX Challenge." In 2017 IEEE Underwater Technology (UT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ut.2017.7890313.
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Smith, Thomas, and Vidya K. Nandikolla. "The Automatic Basketball Rebound System." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86715.
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In the sport of basketball, it is important to practice shooting the ball to develop the skill of making the shot in the basket at a high efficiency. Making shots at a high efficiency allows the player to succeed at a high level in the sport. The main focus of the paper describes the design and development of an automatic basketball rebound (ABR) system. The developed ABR provides a system that will launch the ball back to the player at any position on the court within a 50-foot radius. This is accomplished by a variable spring loaded launching mechanism that will compress a spring, depending on the players location, to generate the appropriate force required to launch the ball back to the player. The novel launching mechanism developed is mounted to a rotary table that ensures the launching mechanism is in the correct orientation with the player once the ball is launched. The player is outfitted with an inertial measurement unit to track their position using a method known as dead reckoning. This information is relayed back to a microcontroller that determines the system response. The ABR system is made from lightweight materials and is compact such that it is easy to move around compared to its predecessors.
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Boschetto, A., A. Ruggiero, F. Veniali, A. La Barbera, and C. Colella. "Particle Tracking in Horizontal Ball Milling." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95682.
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Ball milling is a material processing method that allows near room temperature process of elements in powder and permits to synthesize materials with peculiar properties otherwise difficult or impossible to obtain. Due to the repeated fractures and cold welding of the reactants particles, solid solutions, amorphous alloys and equilibrium nanostructured materials can be obtained. Products coming from mechanosynthesis process can be advantageously applied as high performance structural and functional materials. Different milling devices can be utilized for the powder processing: planetary mill, attritor, horizontal ball mill, 1D and 3D vibrating machines. The wide differentiation in configuration of the mills obstacles the development of a unified model on powder transformation kinetics in the milling process and then most of processing procedures are still developed by using a trial and error method. The focus of this paper is on a horizontal fixed vial ball mill; in this configuration a high speed rotor launches several tumbling against the vial wall. During hits, a quantity of energy is released to the trapped powder and the solid state reactions are promoted. To characterize the powder transformation process, knowledge of the kinematics of the balls system must be inferred. For this purpose an experimental setup based on digital image acquisition was constructed and the movement of balls inside the vial was filmed. Particle trace analysis methodology permitted to obtain balls trajectories, velocity vector field and total hit frequency. The kinetic energy of the impacting balls inside the vial was quantified, so that the energy released to the powder in a milling experiment can be estimated.
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Paulson, Chris, and Andras Sobester. "Bespoke Balloon Launched Sensorcraft for Atmospheric Research Missions." In AIAA Balloon Systems (BAL) Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-1270.
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Perry, William D., Michael Fortenberry, and Ira S. Smith. "Tactical Aerobotic Launch System (TALS)." In AIAA Balloon Systems (BAL) Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-1337.
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Dubourg, Vincent, and Daniel Levesque. "Operating a new French balloon system from a new Canadian launch site." In AIAA Balloon Systems (BAL) Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-1335.
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Dixit, Anurag, and Nilesh Tanna. "Online Leak Arrest in Valve: A Case Study." In ASME 2019 India Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2019-4588.
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Pipeline integrity is essential for reliable pipeline operations, for preventing expensive downtime and failures resulting in leaking or spilling oil / gas content to the environment. Leaks can cost industries millions of dollars in loss of energy, while increasing emissions, creating safety hazards, and lowering the reliability of operations. Valves and piping systems can fail in a number of ways. Pipelines are widely used for transportation of fluids like oil & natural gas over long distances to the power plants, public supplies and various industries due to safety, efficiency and low cost. High pressure pipelines are generally buried below the ground level for safety, economic and environmental purposes. For smooth and safe operation of pipeline, there are some associated facilities underground as well above ground facilities like Valves, IJ, Fittings, Launcher & Receiver known as pipeline system. To maintain the integrity of the pipeline system, these facilities need periodic maintenance for their effective operability up to their design life. Valves are one the critical component of the pipeline system and failure of it may cause serious hazard and reduce the control over the various parameters like flow & pressure in the pipeline. Shutting down to repair the leak means a loss in associated industry’s production leading to revenue loss. Darod - Jafarabad Pipeline (DJPL) is one the Natural Gas Pipeline laid by Gujarat State Petronet Limited (GSPL) to transport natural gas in the coastal region of Saurashtra in Gujarat. DJPL is a 212 KM long pipeline with 10 nos. of SV stations. There was leakage observed from bolted body of Ball Valve installed at Intermediate Pigging Station (IPS) and SV-6 of DJPL and these valves are butt welded and in upstream side which need shutdown of pipeline for maintenance or replacement. Maintenance of valve becomes critical, if there is gas leakage from valve body and the pipeline operation cannot be obstructed due to commitment with downstream customers. In such a situation, Stopple-in is the method to isolate the valve without obstructing / shutting the flow in the pipeline. The valves were in upstream side wherein replacement of valve was done by Stopple-in and Cross plugging method. However, gas leakage was from valve body so that hot work (i.e. pipe cutting) for stopple-in was also a challenge. To arrest the leak from bolted section of valve body, sealant injection methodology was adopted. Before applying this technology on high pressure live pipeline, GSPL insisted to perform the demonstration on prototype arrangement. This prototype was manufactured in the way that it has a manmade leakage point. After sealant injection in the system to arrest the leak, system was kept under high pressure of 55 Bar(g) for 24 hours. During demonstration, system sustained the pressure without any failure at leakage point. After successful demonstration, said methodology applied on leakage valve installed on high pressure line without any shutdown to arrest the leak.
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Ghaffarian, Reza. "Damage and Failures of CGA/BGA Assemblies Under Thermal Cycling and Dynamic Loadings." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63062.
Full textAbstract:
Commercial-off-the-shelf column/ball grid array packaging (COTS CGA/BGA) technologies in high-reliability versions are now being considered for use in high-reliability electronic systems. For space applications, these packages are prone to early failure due to the severe thermal cycling in ground testing and during flight, mechanical shock and vibration of launch, as well as other less severe conditions, such as mechanical loading during descent, rough terrain mobility, handling, and ground tests. As the density of these packages increases and the size of solder interconnections decreases, susceptibility to thermal, mechanical loading and cycling fatigue grows even more. This paper reviews technology as well as thermo-mechanical reliability of field programmable gate array (FPGA) IC packaging developed to meet demands of high processing powers. The FPGAs that generally come in CGA/PBGA packages now have more than thousands of solder balls/columns under the package area. These packages need not only to be correctly joined onto printed circuit board (PCB) for interfacing; they also should show adequate system reliability for meeting thermo-mechanical requirements of the electronics hardware application. Such reliability test data are rare or none for harsher environmental applications, especially for CGAs having more than a thousand of columns. The paper also presents significant test data gathered under thermal cycling and drop testing for high I/O PBGA/CGA packages assembled onto PCBs. Damage and failures of these assemblies after environmental exposures are presented in detail. Understanding the key design parameters and failure mechanisms under thermal and mechanical conditions is critical to developing an approach that will minimize future failures and will enable low-risk insertion of these advanced electronic packages with high processing power and in-field re-programming capability.
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Honarvar, M. R., Moharram D. Pirooz, and Mohammad R. Bahari. "A Physical and Numerical Modeling for Launching of Jackets: Case Study on Balal PLQ Platform." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29023.
Full textAbstract:
Platform structures are commonly utilized for various purposes including offshore drilling, processing and support of offshore operations. A jacket is a supporting structure for deck facilities stabilized by leg piles through the seabed. In a jacket design, operational and environmental loads are very important and must be investigated intensively to secure the stability of structures during their operational life, as well as installation phase. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate and compare the results of physical and numerical modeling for the launch operation of jackets from barge into the sea, as the most hazardous stage in the installation of a platform. Both physical & numerical modeling basics are described and they are performed on Balal PLQ (Production and Living Quarter) platform that is one 8-legged, 1700-tone main jacket of Balal oil field, located in the center of Persian Gulf, some 100 kms distance from Iranian Lavan Island. It is found that both methods can describe the motion of the barge similarly well, but some differences are traced in the motion of jacket. Then, the inequalities are evaluated to be due to the Froude-type parameters chosen for modeling purpose. The most important result achieved in this research is the necessity of choosing Reinolds-Froude type for physical modeling of launching, instead of Froude-type. This is due to the effect of viscosity in drag hydrodynamic force in addition to the importance of gravitational and inertial forces. It should be noted that viscosity and consequently drag coefficient in Froude type modeling is not quite correct and causes the difference between the results of physical and numerical modeling. To our knowledge, based on the surveyed done in the literature, although there was no results found on the physical modeling of jacket launch to be addressed, but it seems that Reynolds-Froude modeling could be done either in a centrifuge test or by using a fluid with lower viscosity dependent on the scale of model.
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Pandey, Vinayak, Sankara Subramanian, Sudarshan Rangaraj, and Tod Byquist. "Mechanical Design and Analysis of Land Grid Array (LGA) Sockets." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73360.
Full textAbstract:
Sockets offer a cost effective and high-volume manufacturing friendly interface between CPU packages and motherboards. Land-grid-array (LGA) technology offers avenues to enhance the electrical performance of sockets over its predecessors e.g. pin grid array (PGA) technology. The present paper will describe various technical challenges encountered in the design of Intel’s LGA sockets. The recently launched LGA775 socket will be used as a case study. Methods adopted to overcome these design challenges and successfully implement LGA sockets will be discussed. Design features like direct socket loading (DSL), various issues related to the design of socket housings, LGA contact design optimization and socket reliability enhancement under stresses such as thermal cycling, mechanical shock, vibration and bake will be discussed. DSL is an integrated mechanism that enables application of a compressive mechanical load between the LGA contact pins on the socket and the package LGA pads, so that their interfaces achieve and maintain electrical continuity through the socket design life. Similarly, optimizing the design of the socket contacts significantly impacts the stressing, reliability of the second level interconnect (SLI) ball grid array (BGA) that connects the LGA775 to the motherboard. The successful implementation of these designs is achieved through a combination of geometric tolerance stack analysis, numerical modeling studies, detailed experiments, reliability testing and correlation between these. The details of the same are be discussed in this article.