Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Baloons'

Objectiu: La malaltia adherent placentària (MAP) és una causa d’hemorràgia postpart severa, amb una pèrdua sanguínia esperada de 3-5L. Ha estat tractada amb cesària i histerectomia peri- part de forma tradicional. S’exposa la nostra experiència amb la inserció profilàctica de catèters balons oclusius percutanis (CBOP) a ambdues artèries ilíaques internes, amb o sense necessitat d’embolització arterial uterina per tal de preservar l’úter de la pacient. Durant el treball de recerca s’ha desenvolupat un nou protocol de tractament conservador multidisciplinar anomenat Triple P procedure. S’avalua els resultats obtinguts des de la implantació d’aquest protocol, així com la necessitat de intervencions futures a dones amb MAP. Material i Mètode: Dos articles han estat publicats a la literatura. El primer va ser publicat al Clinical radiology i inclou vint- i- set pacients diagnosticats perinatalment de MAP amb sospita de placenta percreta que varen ser tractades amb CBOP immediatament abans de realitzar un part per cesària. El segon article és un estudi de cohorts publicat al Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology on es compara 19 dones amb MAP tractades amb el Triple-P protocol (Grup estudi) i 11 tractades amb CBOP i part per cesària (Grup Control). El nombre i volum de transfusions sanguínies, pèrdua sanguínia estimada, la necessitat d’embolització arterial uterina (EAU) i/o la necessitat d’histerectomia han estat recopilades a ambdós articles. Resultats: Placenta percreta va ser confirmada en 19 pacients [sis (54.5%) pacients del Grup Control i 13 (68.4%) del Grup Estudi]. La pèrdua sanguínia mitja estimada va ser menor al Grup Estudi que en el Grup Control (1.70 L vs 2.17 L, respectivament), però la diferència no va ser estadísticament significativa (P=0.445). El risc d’hemorràgia postpart (HPP) i la necessitat d’histerectomia van disminuir de forma estadísticament significativa en el Grup Estudi (HPP, 54.5% vs 15.8%; P=0.035; histerectomia, 27.3% vs 0.0%; P=0.045). Com a conseqüència, es va observar una disminució estadísticament significativa en l’estada hospitalària de les pacients del Grup estudi (P=0.044). Conclusió: Els CBOP amb o sense EAU contribueixen a la disminució de la pèrdua sanguínia i del risc d’histerectomia peripart a les pacients amb MAP. La introducció del Triple-P procedure disminueix de forma significativa el risc d’histerectomia, HPP i estada hospitalària a aquestes pacients.
Aim: Morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) is a cause of severe postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) with expected blood loss of 3-5L. Traditionally, this has been treated by caesarean hysterectomy. We report our experience of prophylactic occlusion balloon catheters (POBC) in both internal iliac arteries before caesarean section, with or without embolisation to preserve the uterus and reduce haemorrhage. During our research we developed a new multidisciplinary conservative protocol of treatment involving POBC and placental non-separation, myometrial excision and reconstruction of the uterine wall called Triple P procedure. We also evaluate patient outcomes and need for further interventions in women with MAP, before and after introduction of the Triple-P procedure. Methods and Materials: Two articles have published in the literature. The first one was publish at Clinical radiology and includes twenty-seven women diagnosed with MAP and with suspected placenta percreta underwent POBCs before caesarean section. The second article is a cohort study published at Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology and compares 19 women with MAP treated with the Triple-P protocol (study group) and 11 treated with POBC and caesarean (control group). The quantity of blood replacement products, estimated blood loss, and necessity for uterine arterial embolization and/or hysterectomy were recorded retrospectively in both articles. Results: Placenta percreta was confirmed in 19 patients [six (54.5%) patients in the control group and 13 (68.4%) in the study group]. Estimated mean blood loss during the procedure was lower in the study group than in the control group (1.70 L vs 2.17 L, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.445). The risks of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and hysterectomy were statistically significantly lower in the study group (PPH, 54.5% vs 15.8%; P=0.035; hysterectomy, 27.3% vs 0.0%; P=0.045). As a consequence, there was a significant decrease in duration of inpatient stay in the study group (P=0.044). Conclusion: POBC with or without UAE, contributes to reduction in blood loss and preservation of the uterus in women with MAP Introduction of the Triple-P procedure conveyed a significantly reduced rate of hysterectomy, PPH and duration of hospital stay in patients with MAP.

This thesis develops two related themes.The first is that participatory approaches to agricultural research and extension can provide a sound process for all stakeholders to learn how to develop more sustainable agriculture. The second is that appropriate levels of participation can be used to link knowledge from three important sources: local knowledge, scientific knowledge and experiential knowledge.The thesis develops these two related themes by examining the inconsistencies between esposed theories of participatory approaches (i.e.intended behaviour) and theories in action (i.e. what is actually practised).The study was based upon the work of a major research, development and extension (R, D and E)project known as the Western Farming Systems Project (WSFP),which was concerned with the development of sustainable rotations and cropping practices in south western Queensland and north western N.S.W. between 1994-1999. The study was conducted in the Balonne Shire, centred on the town of St. George, Queensland, Australia.
Master of Science (Hons)

Thesis (M.Sc.) (Hons.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 2000.
"A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Honours)". Bibliography : leaves 123-130.

Esta tese trata da criação do roteiro cinematográfico O Padre Voador. Acompanha o roteiro a memória de sua escrita, dividida em começo e meio. O começo narra o princípio da idéia e o envolvimento com a história de Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão, em minha graduação na Letras; o início da pesquisa sobre o personagem e a escritura do argumento já no mestrado da mesma FFLCH-USP. No meio houve a possibilidade de sonhar com a realização do filme, daí a entrada no doutorado desta Escola de Comunicações e Artes sob a orientação do professor doutor Ismail Xavier, e o desenvolvimento da pesquisa sobre a época de Bartolomeu de Gusmão no Departamento de História. Do meio consta ainda o primeiro tratamento, submetido à atenciosa leitura dos professores doutores Flávio Aguiar e Roberto Moreira, no Exame de Qualificação. O fim é o segundo tratamento do roteiro, onde procurei absorver os valiosos pareceres dos professores e as fundamentais opiniões do orientador.
This term paper is about the creation of the screenplay O Padre Voador. Along with the screenplay we present the process of writing the script, divided into beginning and middle sections. The beginning narrates the idea and the involvement with the story of Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmão, which I developed as a graduate student in Languages Arts. I completed the first steps of character development and the writing of the plot for my Masters Degree at FFLCH-USP. The middle section addresses the realization that my dream of producing the film could be true. Therefore I enrolled in the doctorate program at this Escola de Comunicações e Artes under the guidance of Professor Ismail Xavier. The historical study of the century in which Bartolomeu lived was made possible with the aid of the History Department. In the middle section we also find the first version of the screenplay, submitted to Professors Flavio Aguiar and Roberto Moreira during the qualifying exam. The end consists of the second version of the screenplay, where I tried to incorporate the professors\' valuable suggestions and the fundamental view of the advisor.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canberra, 2004.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 20, 2005). Pages 185-194 lacking in digital version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-184).

La presente tesis tiene como objetivo evaluar la aplicación práctica de la Guía Metodológica de Análisis de Impacto Regulatorio (RIA) elaborada por el organismo regulador Osinergmin, la misma que se encuentra en proceso de implementación a nivel institucional desde el año 2016. Para alcanzar los objetivos de la presente investigación se ha identificado, inicialmente, los conceptos, aplicaciones ventajas y beneficios de incorporar un análisis de impacto regulatorio (RIA) en las decisiones del gobierno, así como las fases de implementación en algunos países miembros de la OCDE. Seguidamente, se describe las principales características del documento metodológico elaborado para tal fin, el cual se ha diseñado con base en los lineamientos de la OCDE (Organismo para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico), así como a las experiencias de su aplicación en organismos reguladores energéticos la Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM) de Reino Unido, y la Autorità per l'energia elettrica il gas e il sistema idrico (AEEG) en Italia. A fin de observar la aplicación práctica de dicha Guía, así como ponderar el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la misma, se ha identificado un caso de estudio el cual se encuentra en el portal institucional de Osinergmin y, actualmente, se encuentra en el proceso del análisis mencionado (RIA). Dada la relevancia de la implementación de dicho análisis RIA, como medio de desarrollo para la economía nacional, así como el contexto de aplicación mencionado, se considera oportuno evaluar los aportes que el presente estudio realiza a fin de mejorar el proceso de implementación del RIA a nivel institucional.
The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the practical application of the Methodological Guide for the Analysis of Regulatory Impact (RIA) prepared by the regulatory body Osinergmin, which is in the process of being implemented at the institutional level since 2016. To achieve the objectives of this research, the concepts, applications, advantages and benefits of incorporating a regulatory impact analysis (RIA) into the government's decisions, as well as the implementation phases in some OECD member countries, have been identified initially. Next, it describes the main characteristics of the methodological document prepared for this purpose, which has been designed based on the guidelines of the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), as well as the experiences of its application in energy regulators. the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (OFGEM) in the United Kingdom; and the Autorità per l'energia elettrica il gas e il sistema idrico (AEEG) in Italy. In order to observe the practical application of said Guide, as well as to weigh the fulfillment of the objectives of the same, a case study has been identified which is found in the institutional portal of Osinergmin and, currently, is in the process of mentioned analysis (RIA). Given the relevance of the implementation of said RIA analysis, as a means of development for the national economy, as well as the aforementioned application context, it is considered appropriate to evaluate the contributions that this study makes in order to improve the implementation process of the RIA to institutional level.
Tesis

Floodplains are amongst the most productive and biodiverse ecosystems. The structure and functioning of floodplains is controlled by the interaction of intermittent inundation with the floodplain landscape. These interactions create highly complex and dynamic ecosystems that are difficult to study at large scales. Consequently, most research of floodplains has been conducted at small spatial and temporal scales. Inundation of floodplains can extend over many square kilometres, however, which unifies the floodplain landscape into an integrated ecosystem operating at the landscape scale. The lack of data and poor understanding of the landscape-scale structure and functioning of floodplains limits the possibility of managing floodplains sustainably as pressure for exploitation of their resources increases. This thesis quantifies the landscape-scale relationship between the frequency and patterns of inundation, the composition and structure of the landscape, and the functioning of the floodplain landscape in terms of the distribution and dynamics of plant growth vigour over an area of approximately 376,000 ha on the Lower Balonne Floodplain; highly biodiverse, semi-arid floodplain ecosystem that straddles the state border between New South Wales and Queensland approximately 500 km inland from the eastern coast of Australia. Mean annual rainfall at St.George, to the north of the study area, is approximately 400�450 mm per year, and median annual evaporation is approximately 2000 mm per year. Plants and animals on the floodplain are therefore heavily dependent upon flooding for survival. This project is based on the analysis of 13 Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite images captured over a 10-year period during which land and water resource development increased substantially. There is now concern that development activities have affected the functioning of the floodplain to the detriment of the natural environment and agricultural productivity. The impacts from these activities on the functioning of the floodplain are not yet known, however. Inundation of the Lower Balonne Floodplain was mapped using a two-part process involving a band ratio to identify deep clear water, and a change detection analysis to identify areas of shallower inundation. This analysis shows that, in contrast with most floodplains, the main flowpath of the Lower Balonne Floodplain runs along its central axis away from river channels, which flow along the floodplain�s outer edges. Inundation propagates from the centre of the floodplain out towards river channels as flood discharge volumes increase. Variations in the spatial pattern of inundated patches within the inundated extent create distinctive aquatic habitat and connectivity conditions at different flow levels. These can be described in terms of three connectivity phases: (I) Disconnected, in which isolated patches of inundation occur at low flows and river channels are hydrologically dislocated from the floodplain; (II) Interaction, where increased hydrological connectivity between inundated patches, and between the floodplain and the river channels at moderate flows, may enable significant exchange of materials, organisms and energy; and (III) Integration, in which almost the entire floodplain landscape is connected by open water during large magnitude floods. There is an abrupt transition in inundation patterns as flows increase between 60,000 ML day-1 and 65,000 ML day-1 (ARI 2 to 2.3 years) in which inundation patterns transform from being relatively disconnected into a highly integrated network of patches. These patterns may have significant consequences for the structure and functioning of the floodplain. Increases in flows across this small range may therefore mark an important ecological flow threshold on this system. Water resource development impacts have changed the relative frequency of flows on the Lower Balonne Floodplain, which will probably affect the sequence of connectivity phases over time. The most likely impact of these changes will be to create a floodplain that is drier overall than under natural flow conditions, and that has a smaller and wetter area of high inundation frequency. The relationship between inundation and the structure of the floodplain landscape was examined by comparing a landcover map showing the distribution and character of 10 landcover types to the inundation frequency maps. Landcover types were mapped from a multi-date Reference Image composite of seven images captured over a period of 10 years. The Reference Image improves landcover discrimination by at least 14% over classification of a single-date image, and has an overall accuracy between 82.5% and 85% at the landscape-scale. The Reference Image shows that the landscape of the Lower Balonne Floodplain is a highly fragmented mosaic of diverse landcover types distributed in association with inundation frequency. Stratifying the floodplain into zones of frequent and rare inundation shows that frequently inundated areas have a less fragmented but less diverse landscape structure than rarely inundated areas. Assessment of the functioning of each landcover types within the floodplain ecosystem, based on landscape pattern metric analysis, indicates that the function of landcover types also changes between inundation frequency zones. Most importantly, these changes include a transformation of the matrix landcover type, which controls the character and dynamics of the ecosystem overall, from Open Grassland to Coolibah Open Woodland in the frequently inundated zone. The landscape structure of the Lower Balonne Floodplain has been affected by development impacts, which include clearing of native vegetation, isolation of parts of the floodplain from natural inundation events by the construction of levee banks and drainage channels, and grazing impacts. Changes to the inundation regime may also affect the structure of the floodplain landscape. Over the long term, these changes are likely to create a larger area of Open Grassland and a smaller area of Coolibah Open Woodland as the zone of frequent inundation becomes smaller and wetter. To examine the functioning of the floodplain ecosystem, the inundation maps were compared to remotely sensed indexes of plant growth vigour at the landscape and landcover-type scales. The dynamics of plant growth vigour over time are influenced by factors operating at the regional, landscape and patch scales. Evaporation is the major control of growth vigour levels at the landscape scale, but each landcover type has a distinctive pattern of growth vigour dynamics that is related to its composition and location, and possibly its landscape structure. The association between the spatial distribution of plant growth vigour and inundation frequency is non-linear, with the highest growth vigour occurring where inundation occurs approximately once per year. This indicates a subsidy-stress interaction with water in which plant growth vigour is limited by soil anoxia in areas of frequent or long term inundation, and by drought stress in rarely inundated areas. A landscape-scale model of growth vigour dynamics, founded on the principles of Hierarchical Patch Dynamics and Landscape Ecology, was created from growth vigour measurements of each landcover type over time. This model was used to examine possible impacts of development activities on the functioning of the floodplain ecosystem. This model shows that the response of plant growth vigour development activities can be complex and subtle, and include a change in mean long-term growth vigour and an increased susceptibility to drought. The model also indicates that periods of high growth vigour can occur in substantially altered floodplain ecosystems. The model was also used to explore the levels of landcover change that might cause a threshold change in the functioning of the ecosystem, which may substantially alter the disturbance-response characteristics of the floodplain ecosystem. The model indicates a threshold change when the extent of Open Grassland is reduced by 30% of its extent in 1993, in which plant growth vigour response to disturbance is virtually inverted from that observed in the images. The temporal variability of plant growth vigour levels increases as the extent of Open Grassland is further reduced. This thesis makes a number of important contributions to our understanding of floodplain structure and functioning. It includes the development of new techniques suited to studying large diverse and complex landscapes at the landscape scale from satellite images, and provides quantitative data describing the links between the structure of floodplain landscapes and their functioning at the landscape scale. This work improves the understanding of floodplain ecosystems by integrating models of floodplain structure and functioning, which have been developed largely from smaller-scale studies of temperate and tropical floodplains, with landscape-scale measurements of this semi-arid system. This thesis also has implications for the Lower Balonne Floodplain by improving the level of information about this important ecosystem and providing baseline data against which the condition of the floodplain can be assessed in future.

Este trabajo de investigación se desarrolló en una empresa envasadora de GLP en balones de 10, 15 y 45 kg ubicada en el parque industrial de la región Lambayeque, siendo su línea principal, la línea de envasado en balones de 10 kg. La empresa actualmente incumple con sus pedidos debido a la baja producción, es por esto que se planteó como objetivo principal elaborar una propuesta de mejora de la línea de envasado de GLP en balones de 10 kg mediante la aplicación de la teoría de restricciones en una empresa envasadora de GLP en el departamento de Lambayeque para el incremento de la producción, realizando en primer lugar, el diagnóstico de la situación actual de la línea de envasado de GLP en balones de 10 kg en la empresa envasadora de GLP, la evaluación y determinación de la herramienta a aplicar en la propuesta de mejora mediante una matriz de priorización y la elaboración de la propuesta de mejora de la línea de envasado de GLP en balones de 10 kg, para finalmente realizar un análisis costo – beneficio de la propuesta de mejora. Para el desarrollo del proyecto de investigación se realizó un estudio de tiempos en la línea de envasado de balones de 10 kg determinando así los indicadores actuales de producción y productividad, identificando el problema principal y las causas de este. Se evaluó las herramientas a aplicar para solucionar los problemas de la línea de envasado y se desarrolló la propuesta de mejora mediante la aplicación de la teoría de restricciones y a su vez, la estandarización de los tiempos y el balance de línea. Se determinaron los nuevos indicadores de producción, evidenciando un incremento de la producción del 37,5 %. Mediante un análisis costo – beneficio se pudo determinar que la propuesta es factible para la empresa, puesto que se obtiene un TIR del 43,6%.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to design the extension of tram line no. 12 from the current terminal station Technologicky park to the city district Brno-Medlanky. The tram track is situated on the separate road bed outside the built up urban area. Directional and elevational solution of the track is designed in several variants, after the evaluation the best variant is selected and elaborated. The diploma thesis contains the design of the tram stop and the terminal station with baloon loop, including access paths. Adjustment of the crossed road and the drainage system solution is part of the thesis as well.

Mais informações são necessárias para definir se o tratamento percutâneo da coartação da aorta com stents é superior à angioplastia com cateter-balão. De julho de 2000 a maio de 2003, 21 adolescentes e adultos com coartação da aorta focal e média de idade de 24 anos (DP 11 anos) foram submetidos, consecutivamente, a implante de stents (grupo 1). Os resultados foram comparados com os obtidos em um grupo histórico de 15 pacientes com média de idade de 18 anos (DP 10 anos) (p = 0,103) submetidos a angioplastia (grupo 2) nos últimos 18 anos. Após o procedimento, a redução do gradiente sistólico foi maior (99% [DP 2%] versus 87% [DP 17%]; p = 0,015), o gradiente residual foi menor (0,4 mmHg [DP 1,4 mmHg] versus 5,9 mmHg [DP 7,9 mmHg]; p = 0,019), o ganho no local da coartação foi maior (333% [DP 172%] \"versus\" 190% [DP 104%]; p = 0,007) e o diâmetro da coartação foi maior (16,9 mm [DP 2,9 mm] versus 12,9 mm [DP 3,2 mm]; p < 0,001) no grupo 1. Alterações da parede da aorta, incluindo dissecções, abaulamentos e aneurismas, foram observadas em oito pacientes do grupo 2 (53%) e em um do grupo 1 (7%) (p < 0,001). Não houve complicações maiores. Cateterismo (n = 33) ou ressonância magnética (n = 2) de controle foram realizados em seguimento mediano de um ano para o grupo 1 e um ano e meio para o grupo 2 (p = 0,005). A redução do gradiente sistólico persistiu em ambos os grupos; entretanto, gradientes tardios mais altos foram observados no grupo 2 (mediana de 0 mmHg para o grupo 1 versus 3 mmHg para o grupo 2; p = 0,014). Não houve perdas no diâmetro da coartação no grupo 1 e houve ganho tardio no grupo 2 (16,7 mm [DP 2,9 mm] versus 14,6 mm [DP 3,9 mm]; p = 0,075). No grupo 1, dois pacientes necessitaram de novo implante de stent em decorrência da formação de aneurisma ou fratura da malha do stent. No grupo 2, as anormalidades da parede aórtica não progrediram e um paciente necessitou de redilatação em decorrência da recoartação. A pressão arterial sistêmica foi semelhante em ambos os grupos durante o seguimento (sistólica: 126 mmHg [DP 12 mmHg] no grupo 1 versus 120 mmHg [DP 15 mmHg] no grupo 2; diastólica: 81 mmHg [DP 11 mmHg] no grupo 1 versus 80 mmHg [DP 10 mmHg] no grupo 2; p = 0,149 e p = 0,975, respectivamente). Apesar de os desfechos clínicos terem sido satisfatórios e similares com ambas as técnicas, o uso de stents propiciou resultados mais previsíveis e uniformes para alívio da estenose, minimizando também o risco de desenvolvimento de alterações da parede da aorta.
More information is needed to define whether stenting is superior to balloon angioplasty for coarctation of the aorta. From July/2000 to May/2003, 21 adolescents and adults with discrete coarctation underwent consecutive stent implantation at a mean age of 24 years (SD 11 years) (group 1). The results were compared to those achieved by balloon angioplasty performed in the last 18 years in a historical group of 15 patients at a mean age of 18 years (SD 10 years) (p = 0.103) (group 2). After the procedure, systolic gradient reduction was higher (99% [SD 2%] vs. 87% [SD 17%]; p = 0.015), residual gradients lower (0.4 mmHg [SD 1.4 mmHg] vs. 5.9 mmHg [SD 7.9 mmHg); p = 0.019), gain at the coarctation site higher (333% [SD 172%] vs. 190% [SD 104%]; p = 0.007) and coarctation diameter larger (16.9 mm [SD 2.9 mm] vs.12.9 mm [SD 3.2 mm]; p < 0.001) in group 1. Aortic wall abnormalities, including dissections, bulges and aneurysms, were observed in eight patients in group 2 (53%) and in one in group 1 (7%) (p < 0.001). There was no major complication. Repeat catheterization (n = 33) or magnetic resonance imaging (n = 2) was performed at a median follow-up of 1.0 year for group 1 and 1.5 year for group 2 (p = 0.005). Gradient reduction persisted in both groups, although higher late gradients were observed in group 2 (median of 0 mmHg for group 1 vs. 3 mmHg for group 2; p = 0.014). There was no late loss in the coarctation diameter in group 1 and there was a late gain in group 2 (16.7 mm [SD 2.9 mm] for group 1 vs. 14.6 mm [SD 3.9 mm] for group 2; p = 0.075). Two patients required late stenting due to aneurysm formation or stent fracture in group 1. Aortic wall abnormalities did not progress and one patient required redilation due to recoarctation in group 2. Blood pressure was similar in both groups at follow-up (systolic: 126 mmHg [SD 12 mmHg] in group 1 vs. 120 mmHg [SD 15 mmHg] in group 2; diastolic: 81 mmHg [SD 11 mmHg] in group 1 vs. 80 mmHg [SD 10 mmHg] in group 2; p = 0.149 and p = 0.975, respectively). Although satisfactory and similar clinical outcomes were observed with both techniques, the use of stents yielded more predictable and uniform results for stenosis relief, also minimizing the risk of developing aortic wall abnormalities.

Introducción: La obesidad debe de ser considerada como un trastorno crónico, epidémico y de abordaje terapéutico complejo. Ante el alto índice de fracasos hacia los métodos conservadores, defendemos la técnica de balón intragástrico junto con un programa en terapia y modificación de conducta que ayude al paciente a reducir su peso, a modificar hábitos y mejorar su calidad de vida con el objetivo final de mantenimiento de por vida. Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia terapéutica en pérdida de peso de participantes obesos adultos con y sin trastorno por atracón utilizando la técnica de balón intra gástrico junto con un programa en terapia y modificación de conducta de 24 meses de duración. Evaluar la influencia del trastorno por atracón concurrente a la obesidad así como los cambios psicológicos que presentan los participantes antes y después del tratamiento sobre la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, autoestima y sintomatología ansiosa depresiva. Hipótesis: Hemos planteado varias hipótesis de trabajo desde las que proponemos que los pacientes obesos sin trastorno por atracón conseguirían una mayor pérdida de peso y una mejora más notable en la modificación de hábitos y estilo de vida. Por otro lado también hemos planteado que la comorbilidad con el trastorno por atracón en obesidad condiciona a una mayor sintomatología ansioso - depresiva, mayor insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y menor grado de autoestima. También que el trastorno por atracón junto síndrome de ingesta nocturno genera en los pacientes los máximos niveles de ansiedad. Método: Diseño cuasi experimental, mixto longitudinal con medidas repetidas, datos independientes y comparando resultados intra y entre grupos. Los participantes fueron 133 adultos y todos ellos pacientes diagnosticados en una unidad clínica de obesidad con un IMC mayor o igual a 30. Todos ellos clasificados en tres grupos en función siguiendo criterios diagnósticos DSM IV sobre el trastorno por atracón (sin trastorno por atracón, trastorno por atracón completo, trastorno por atracón parcial). Variables registradas (clínicas, antropométricas y psicométricas) se registraron antes de iniciar el tratamiento, a los 6m 12 y 24 meses. Análisis estadístico SPPSS.18 Conclusiones: 1. - Los pacientes obesos con y sin trastorno por atracón consiguen un promedio significativo de pérdida de peso de 20 Kg durante los primeros seis meses con un mantenimiento de resultados durante los 18 meses de tratamiento y seguimiento. 2. -Existen diferencias significativas en la modificación de los hábitos y estilo de vida ante la presencia o no del trastorno por atracón en obesidad. 3. -Mayor insatisfacción con la imagen corporal entre los pacientes obesos con trastorno por atracón que entre aquellos que no presentan el trastorno. 4. - Mayor sintomatología ansioso depresiva y menor grado de autoestima en obesidad cuando está presente el trastorno por atracón. 5. - La comorbilidad conjunta del trastorno por atracón y síndrome de ingesta nocturno (night eating disorder) determina la mayor sintomatología ansiosa en obesidad. 6. – Notable mejora terapéutica cognitiva conductual con mejor curso entre los pacientes obesos sin trastorno por atracón.
Directors: Dra. Rosa Mª Raich Escursell & Dra. Marisol Mora Giral. Objectives To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a 24 month behavioral modification therapy program in obese adult patients with and without binge eating disorder who are using the intragastric balloon for weight loss. To evaluate the influence of binge eating disorder occurring with obesity as well as the psychological changes that the participants demonstrate before and after the treatment in respect to poor body image, self esteem, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Hypothesis We have developed several working hypotheses proposing that obese patients without binge eating disorders achieve greater weight loss and more notable improvement in habit and lifestyle modification. In addition we propose that the co-morbidity of binge eating disorder with obesity creates more symptoms of anxiety and depression, greater dissatisfaction with body image and a lower self esteem. We also propose that night eating disorder creates the highest levels of anxiety in patients. Methodology Quasi experimental mixed longitudinal design, with repeated measurements, independent data, and results compared within and between groups. The participants were 133 adults with a BMI greater or equal to 30. All of them were patients who had been diagnosed in a health and nutrition unit. They were classified in three functional groups according to the diagnostic criteria of the DSM IV for binge eating disorder, (no binge eating disorder, full binge eating disorder, and partial binge eating disorder.) The variables documented (clinical, anthropometric and psychometric) were documented before the beginning of treatment and at 6 ,12, and 24 months. Conclusions 1. Obese patients with and without binge eating disorder can achieve a significant weight loss of an average of 20 kilos during the first six months and maintain this weight loss.for the following 18 months. 2. There are significant differences in habit and lifestyle modification between obese patients with and obese patients without binge eating disorder. 3. There is more dissatisfaction with body image in obese patients with binge eating disorder than in patients who do not have this disorder. 4. More symptoms of anxiety and depression and lower self esteem are present in obese patients with binge eating disorder. 5. Co morbidity of binge eating disorder and night eating disorder result in the highest level of anxiety symptoms in obese patients. 6. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy is greater in patients without binge eating disorder.

PILOT, pour Polarized instrument for Long Wavelength Observation od the Tenuous interstellar medium, est une expérience d'astrophysique embarquée sous ballon stratosphérique dont l'objectif principal est la mesure de l'émission polarisée de la lumière par les poussières du milieu interstellaire. Cette expérience permettra la cartographie du champ magnétique galactique à une résolution de l'ordre de la minute d'arc à une longueur d'onde de 240 µm (1.2 THz). La détection de la polarisation est réalisée à l'aide d'un polariseur placé à 45° dans le faisceau, le décomposant en deux composantes polarisées orthogonales chacune détectées par quatre matrices de 256 bolomètres, et d'une lame demi-onde rotative. Les observations de PILOT s'inscrivent en complément des observations effectuées à l'aide du satellite Planck, avec une meilleure résolution angulaire, et en complément des observations en polarisation menées au sol avec des instruments comme NIKA2 installé sur le télescope de 30m de l'IRAM. Cette thèse se divise en trois parties, la première étant consacrée à la présentation du contexte scientifique qui entoure l'instrument ainsi qu'à la présentation de l'instrument et des deux campagnes de vol ayant eu lieu à Timmins au Canada et Alice Spring en Australie. La deuxième partie se focalise sur les performances en vol de PILOT et la troisième partie présente le pipeline mis en place pour le traitement des données ainsi que les premières cartes en polarisation obtenues
PILOT, for Polarized instrument for Long Wavelength Observation of the Tenuous interstellar medium) is a stratospheric balloon astrophysics experiment whose main objective is the measurement of the polarized emission of light by the dust of the interstellar medium. This experiment will allow the mapping of the galactic magnetic field to a resolution of the order of one arcmin at a wavelength of 240 µm (1.2 THz). The polarization detection is carried out using a polarizer placed at 45° in the beam, decomposing it into two orthogonal polarized components each detected by four matrices of 256 bolometers, and a half-wave plate. The PILOT observations are in addition to the observations made using the Planck satellite, with better angular resolution, and in addition to polarization observations conducted on the ground with instruments such as NIKA2 installed on the IRAM 30m telescope. This thesis is divided into three parts, the first being devoted to the presentation of the scientific context surrounding the instrument as well as to the presentation of the instrument and the two flying campaigns that took place in Timmins in Canada and Alice Spring in Australia. The second part focuses on the inflight performance of PILOT and the third part presents the pipeline set up for data processing and the first polarization maps obtained

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Alberto Santos Dumont (1873-1932) is well known in Brazil and France for his pioneer contributions to the development of the airplane. However, before that, he also helped to develop the technique of balloon flight, obtaining important results of directed flight using motorized airships. This works analyses his contribution to this field. This dissertation presents, first, an historical account of the invention of balloons, from the early Chinese flying lights to the introduction of hot-air and hydrogen balloons in Europe, in the 18th century. Next, this work analyses the issue of balloon flight control. After the first manned flights, in 1783, there was a strong interest for this invention and there were several proposals of controlling its flight. The first attempts of flying motorised balloons, which attained a moderate success, were made in 1852, using a heavy steam machine. Other attempts were made afterwards, using several kinds of motors (including electrical ones), but they did not attain practical results. In the late 19th century, Santos Dumont began to develop airships driven by internal combustion engines (such as those used by automobiles) and obtained good results. In 1901 he was awarded the Deutsch de la Meurthe Prize, when he demonstrated the control of a motorised balloon that was able to make a flight round the Eiffel Tower. Finally, this dissertation analyses Santos Dumont s scientific and technical knowledge, as well the technical difficulties involved in the control of airships, at that time
Alberto Santos Dumont (1873-1932) é muito conhecido, no Brasil e na França, por seus trabalhos pioneiros sobre aviação, mas também desenvolveu, antes disso, a técnica de vôo em balões, obtendo importantes resultados na dirigibilidade com aparelhos dotados de motor. Este trabalho analisa sua contribuição neste campo. Esta dissertação apresenta primeiramente um histórico da invenção dos balões, desde as luzes voadoras chinesas até a introdução de balões de ar quente e de hidrogênio na Europa, no século XVIII. Em seguida, a dissertação analisa a história da dirigibilidade dos balões. Logo após os primeiros vôos tripulados, em 1783, surgiu um enorme interesse pelo invento e foram propostas formas de proporcionar-lhe dirigibilidade. As primeiras tentativas, com algum grau de sucesso, de balões dotados de motores ocorreram em 1852, utilizando uma máquina a vapor. Houve depois algumas poucas tentativas, utilizando motores de vários tipos (inclusive elétricos), mas não foram obtidos bons resultados. Nos últimos anos do século XIX, Santos Dumont iniciou o desenvolvimento de balões movidos por motores de combustão interna (como os de automóveis) e conseguiu bons resultados. Em 1901, obteve o Prêmio Deutsch de la Meurthe, demonstrando o controle de um balão motorizado que contornou a Torre Eiffel. Por fim, a dissertação analisa os conhecimentos científicos e técnicos de Santos Dumont, bem como as dificuldades técnicas que era necessário superar para conseguir controlar o vôo dos balões, na época

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Objective: Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) is a life-saving palliative procedure for some congenital heart defects and typically performed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The aim of this study was to evaluate BAS under echocardiographic guidance. Method: From August 1997 through January 2004, 31 children with congenital heart defects with indication of ASB were submitted to the procedure under exclusive echocardiographic guidance. Success was admitted the obtaining of atrial septal defect (ASD) with size of four millimeters (mm) or greater and torn septal tissue flapping freely. Results: Male infants predominated (83.9%). Median age was 5 days (1 - 150) and median weight was 3300g (1800 - 7500). Transposition of the Great Arteries was present in 80.6%, Tricuspid Atresia in 12.9%, Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in 3.2% and Pulmonary Atresia with intact ventricular septum in 3.2%. The procedure was successful in all cases. ASD size increased from 1.8 ± 0.8 mm to 5.8 ± 1.3 mm (P<0.0001) and arterial oxygen saturation increased from 64.5 ± 18.9% to 85.1 ± 9.2% (P<0.0001). As complications occured three balloon ruptures, one tear of right femoral vein, one case of supraventricular tachycardia and one case of atrial flutter. Conclusion: BAS under echocardiographic guidance is a safe and effective method. It can be performed at the bedside, identifies the catheter location avoiding serious complications and evaluates the immediate result of the procedure.
Atnosseptostomia com balão (ASB) é procedimento de grande valor no tratamento de cardiopatias congênitas e monitorado tradicionalmente por radioscopia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ASB monitorada pela ecocardiografia. Casuística e Método: Entre agosto de 1997 e janeiro de 2004, 31 crianças foram submetidas à ASB sob monitoração ecocardiográfica exclusiva. Admitiu-se sucesso a obtenção de comunicação interatrial (CIA) com diâmetro igual ou maior que quatro milímetros (mm) e com ampla mobilidade das suas margens. Dados coletados: diâmetro da CIA e saturação arterial de oxigênio (SAT) iniciais e finais e número de trações do cateter balão. Resultados: Sexo masculino predominou (83,9%). A idade mediana foi de 5 dias (1-150) e o peso teve mediana de 3300g (1800-7500). Transposição das Grandes Artérias ocorreu em 80,6%, Atresia Tricúspide em 12,9%, Drenagem Anômala Total de Veias Pulmonares em 3,2% e Atresia Pulmonar com septo Integro em 3,2%. Sucesso foi obtido em todos os casos. O tamanho da CIA aumentou de 1,8 0,8 mm para 5,8 1,3 mm (p <0,0001) e a SAT aumentou de 64,5 18,9 % para 85,1 9,2 % (p < 0,0001). Complicações ocorridas: três rupturas de balão, uma lesão de veia femoral direita, uma taquicardia supraventricular e um flutter atnal. Conclusões: ASB monitorada pela ecocardiografia é método seguro e eficaz. Possibilita a realização do procedimento à beira do leito evitando o transporte da criança, identifica o posicionamento do cateter reduzindo complicações graves e avalia o resultado imediato do procedimento.

The two interconnected rubber balloons system is a demonstration widely used to show the effect of surface tension; however, the nature of the rubber skin, sizes of the balloons limit the ability of this demonstration. In this research, I measured the circumference and pressure of balloons for the calculation of surface tension. It was found that the demonstration can be done between circumferences of 30 cm to 50 cm for the party balloons to show the effect of surface tension as explained by the Laplace-Young equation.

The disertation is focused on development and importance of the Czechoslovak desk of the Radio Free Europe in period between 1950 and 1994. This broadcasting have gained in time of strong censorship significant and till now unresearched importance. In February 1948 the Communist party took power in the Czechoslovakia. After that Czech and Slovak democratic politicians had left country to the West. They wanted to break the isolation of people living behind the Iron Curtain and promote restoration of democracy in their homeland. In 1949 was in the USA established the National Committee for Free Europe as fomally independent citizens association. As its most known activity had became the Radio Free Europe (RFE). This radio station had became an important tool for political strugle between two blocks in time of the Cold War. The basic qestion is what real position RFE broadcasting have reached in this struggle. The estabilishing of foreign broadcasting to the Czechoslovakia was very difficult task. RFE started its activity as exiles platform for purpose of liberation the Czechoslovakia from rule of the Communistic Party regime. The programming position of the RFE was in reality influented by american politicians and was depending on changing global political conditions as well. The unique position of...

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
營建工程所
98
Since the beginning of industrial revolution, the overuse of energy has result a catastrophe to our environments. Today, for sustainable development, conserving energy has become a consensus of people. Most residential houses use air conditioners to reach thermal comfort. If we can use the opening of balcony to increase the thermal comfort and to decrease the usage of air conditioners, the consequent energy savings is significant for sustainability. Most houses in Taiwan don’t consider the natural ventilation. In this research, a typical apartment was studied for the relationship between the balcony type and natural ventilation. First, this reseach performed field measurements to validate computer simulatioins. The tatget of this study simulation was a residential apartment. Balcony fa�岬de types do effect air change rate, potentially decreasing the air conditioning utilization. The balcony fa�岬de was classified as horizontal, vertical, and grid types. Other factors considered were eight wind directions; the length-to-heigh ratio of fa�岬de 2.5:1, 4.0:1 and 5.5:1; time periods 17:00~22:00, 22:00~03:00, and 03:00~08:00. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was the simulation tool to calculate the indoor ventilation rates. In addition, ASHRAE Standard 55 was used as the evaluation guide for thermal comfort, which must be reached before proceeding to the energy saving analysis. The most significant factor on indoor air change rate is the balcony facade opening type. The best ventilation occurs when the balcony faces to the wind direction. When the balcony openness ratio is 25-80%, the air change rate is 44.87-49.85 times per hour.With the increase of length-to-heigh ratio, the air change rate decreases, because of the patio door does not locate at the center of the balcony. With the satisfication of thermal comfort under ASHRAE Standard 55, this research shows the energy savings could be 66.35% resulted from the increased ventilation rate.

The aims of the study are to explore and compare the Balochs' way of life as an ethnic minority in Turkmenistan and north-eastern Iran and as an indigenous population in Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan since the early 20th century and to study cultural change in the Balochs in the context of state intervention. The ethnogensis of the Balochs as a nomadic Indo-Iranian ethnic group without their own state was shaped by many external and internal influences. The most fundamental are changes in the political organization of states which the Balochs experienced throughout history. Due to poor living conditions, disruption of their original way of life and the need to ensure land and pasture for cattle, some Balochs living in historic Sistan along what is now the Turkmen-Iranian border migrated to Turkmenistan and to north-eastern Iran in the early 20th century. This thesis compares the Balochs' current way of life and with that after their arrival in new territory and examines the cultural transformation of these two groups in the context of state intervention. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A uniplanar balun that transforms unbalanced coplanar waveguide (CPW) to balanced coplanar strip line (CPS) is characterised through simulation and measurement. By illustrating the effect of many of the critical design parameters, the operation of this balun is discussed and a set of design criteria is defined. The parameter study discusses the size and shape of the radial open, the type and length of the CPW taper and the thickness and type of the bond wires. Newly developed etched bond wires are implemented to provide better manufacturing repeatability and reliability. A complete balun testing procedure is developed and described, consisting of three separate tests. The balun is tested in the normal back-to-back configuration, as a terminated single balun, and the magnitude and phase imbalance is also determined by using a three-port test circuit connected to the balun. The advantages of implementing this full test procedure, and thus fully characterising the balun under test, are emphasised throughout. Results obtained by using this procedure show that the basic balun works well over the full operating band, except for the phase imbalance, which is usable but not optimal. A simple technique to correct the phase imbalance of the balun is introduced, and validated through measurements of the balun connected to the three-port test circuit. As a final validation the balun is connected as feed for an etched dipole antenna for which good impedance matching and pattern results are shown. AFRIKAANS : ’n Enkelvlak balon (BALans-na-ONbalans) wat van ongebalanseerde enkelvlak golfgeleier (CPW) na gebalanseerde enkelvlak strooklyn (CPS) transformeer, word gekarakteriseer deur simulasie en metings. Deur die effek van baie van die kritiese ontwerpsparameters te demonstreer, word die werking van die balon bespreek en ’n stel ontwerpskriteria opgestel. Die parameter studie bespreek die radiale ope struktuur se vorm en grote, die tipe en lengte van die CPW transformator and die dikte en tipe van die konneksie drade. Nuut ontwikkelde geëtste konneksie drade word geïmplementeer om beter vervaardigingsherhaalbaarheid en betroubaarheid te verseker. ’n Volledige balon toetsprosedure word ontwikkel en beskryf en bestaan uit drie aparte toetse. Die balon word getoets in die normale rug-aan-rug konfigurasie, as ’n enkel getermineerde balon en die grote asook fase van die wanbalans word bepaal deur die gebruik van ’n drie-poort toetsbaan wat aan die balon gekoppel word. Die voordele verbonde daaraan om hierdie volledige toetsprosedure toe te pas, en daardeur die balon volledig te karakteriseer, word deurlopend beklemtoon. Die resultate wat hierdie prosedure oplewer wys dat die basiese balon goed werk oor die volledige frekwensieband, behalwe vir die fase-wanbalans parameter, wat bruikbaar, maar nie ideaal is nie. ’n Eenvoudige tegniek om die fase-wanbalans van die balon te korrigeer word bekend gestel en getoets deur die drie-poort toetsbaan weer te gebruik. As ’n finale validasie word die balon aan ’n geëtste dipool gekoppel word, waarvan goeie impedansie aanpassings en patrone gewys word. Copyright
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
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