Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Balzac, Honoré de, 1799-1850 – Critique et interprétation'
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Mimouni, Isabelle. "Balzac et l'architecture." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040325.
Full text"Balzac and architecture": on purpose, this title wasn't precise. The corpus includes la Comedie humaine, the works of the young novelist, texts published in news-papers, theater and letters. Architecture has been studied in relation with archeology, urbanism garden art, art history and engineering. We tackled biography, sociology, history (Balzac thought that architecture is a means to understand society); we also studied the narrative values of architectural descriptions. We had then to try to understand how works the metaphor, when it is used to qualify the work thought as a "monument": we had aesthetics in view. Our study tries to consider how architecture is transposed in literature: what is chosen by the novelist? On what purpose and last but not the least how does he proceed?
Lim, Hun. "La poétique balzacienne de la fluidité : roman et sciences : imagination et discours du "fluide romantique" dans "La Comédie humaine"." Tours, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOUR2012.
Full textThrough out the balzacian poetics of fluidity, we have considered the followings points : "The relationship of novel and science, the romantic aspect of his imagination and the original sense of his work ; therefore, we will see in it the importance of the "romantic fluid" for a genuine interpretation of the balzacian universe
Omure, Kazue. "Étude d'une nouvelle de Balzac, "Gobseck"." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040147.
Full text"Gobseck" is the Balzac's novel for a thesis; Gobseck is the usurer of the "Comédie humaine" to be studied thoroughly. The purpose of the first chapter of our thesis is to demonstrate not only how the author produced, for the first time in 1830, this central personage and this small masterpiece which influenced the other works, but also how he developed them to reach the perfection of their last state in 1842. The second chapter is designed for the intensive study of the natural shape of the avaricious hero: Gobseck is "l'or personnifié" as well as "l'insatiable boa". Then, we passed to the third chapter to report on our analysis of each colleague of Gobseck. The result of this study is that all of the usurers of the "Comédie humaine" take after, more or less, Gobseck. We discovered that Balzac decomposed the image of Gobseck, after the description of his death, and used the fragments for the construction of the others usurers. The supplementary chapter is reserved for the research of the sources of two fireplaces described in the novel
Murata, Kyoko. "Les métamorphoses du pacte diabolique dans l'oeuvre de Balzac." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070069.
Full textI treat in this study the theme of "diabolic pact" in the works of Balzac, and analyse various metmorphoses of tne notion of pact in the development of "La comédie humaine". It is in "Le centenaire" that this themes appears for the first time. Though young Balzac imitates Maturin's "Melmoth", he differs from Maturin in associating poetic creation with a diabolic pact. "La peau de chagrin" which reflects the malady of the Century, is a novel marked by the most profound pessimism. The demoniac figure takes there the form of "Peau", that incarnates the inner Other and human time. Balzac projects on his hero the anguish and sufferings of intellectuals in his times. In "Melmoth réconcilié", a rewrite of Maturin's novel, Balzac reconstructs the original by investing it with his fundamental reflections of "La Comédie humaine". At the same time, he invents "le fantastique social". From this time on, he does not have to introduce the supernatural into his works ; the diabolic pact is decisively transferred to realistic space. .
Hakata, Kaoru. "La rumeur dans l'oeuvre de Balzac." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070009.
Full textBecause they echo public opinion, rumours play an essential part in the novels of Honoré de Balzac. In order to describe its functioning, the novelist has set out to analyse the different aspects of this vast "collective conversation" : how can we account for the facts that rumours seem to come into existence and to propagate almost spontaneously? How does a rumour started by a single individual end up being believed and repeated by a large group of persons? He has also looked into its social function : by sharing impressions and hypotheses, by debating between themselves, gossipmongers reinforce their bonds. In certain cases, they set themselves up as inquisitors, going after alleged criminals and impostors. Finally, by studying the psychological dimension of gossiping, Balzac has shown that rumours do not only serve the interests of political parties or underline social issues : they express deep-rooted anxieties. By deciphering the myths on which rumours are founded, he brings back to the surface a string of repressed collective memories. Rather than "observing" their contemporaries, gossipmongers project fantasies on them. Balzac integrates erroneous suppositions into his novels and shows how accounts of a same event can vary according to the storyteller's standpoint ; as an historian, he tries to correct wrong anecdotes. On orchestrating the words of innumerable characters, Balzac builds a work that we can compare with a great opera, in which the gossipmongers sing the revealing themes. Readers must pay heed to them to be able to participate more efficiently in the game of interpretation that the works of Balzac propose them
Kan, Chia-Ping. "La question de l'aristocratie chez Balzac." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10043.
Full textMonteilhet, Véronique. "Les représentations sociales du monde balzacien dans ses adaptations filmiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20009.
Full textMaa, Hwey-Nan. "Balzac et ses romans à complots - du Roman familial à la Comédie humaine." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070106.
Full textLyon-Caen, Boris. "L'être et le sens : une poétique du signe dans la Comédie humaine d'Honoré de Balzac." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030087.
Full textThe topic of this thesis is Balzac's use of the " sign " and of hermeneutical reason. From 1829 to 1848, La Comédie humaine in its entirety centers around this régime of knowledge which makes the represented materials incarnate meaning, provide knowledge, and generally signify. With a view to analyzing the bases and consequences of the " evidential paradigm " (C. Ginzburg), I have thus sought to focus on the imaginary scenarios and textual strategies through which the relations between being and meaning are modeled, modulated and altered, formed and transformed. As a work of representation and of knowledge, the novel as Balzac produces it aims at revealing the intelligible at the heart of the sensible, by means of a disposition and an interpretation of signs. At the same time, a study of the grammar of immersion shows that La Comédie humaine elaborates a strongly Spinozist ontology in which being and meaning are immanent and render each other indistinguishable. Further, the writer as photographer ensures the advent of pure appearances, of superficiality, and stamps the horizontality of the Balzacian world (especially that of the 1840s) with a mark of disembodiment, levelling and foolishness. Freed from all transcendence and depth, the fictional bodies ultimately appear to be open only to becoming itself. The delineation of " planes of immanence " (G. Deleuze) and the logic of the gap constitute an aesthetics of distantiation, thereby injecting a new dynamic which reenchants the matter of the novel
Blais-Laroche, Antoine. "Le désenchantement du monde dans Le médecin de campagne, Le curé de village et L'envers de l'histoire contemporaine de Balzac." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37037.
Full textÀ la lumière de l’anthropologie historique de Marcel Gauchet, nous examinons dans ce mémoire le rapport de Balzac à la religion à partir de ses trois romans les plus religieux : Le médecin de campagne (1833), Le curé de village (1841) et L’envers de l’histoire contemporaine (1848). Publiés à des moments différents de la carrière de Balzac, ces romans ont en commun d’illustrer l’autonomisation de la sphère humaine vis-à-vis de celle de Dieu en rendant la religion tributaire de la volonté humaine. Coupant court à tout providentialisme, réinterprétant le dogme du péché originel lorsqu’ils ne l’omettent pas tout simplement, ces romans à thèse présentent un monde plus désenchanté qu’il n’y parait de prime abord. Désormais le mal s’explique par une « pathologie » et la vie bonne consiste à panser activement les plaies du monde social. Investissant radicalement l’ici-bas humain, les bienfaiteurs balzaciens, qui ont tout de saints laïcs, semblent s’émanciper de toute métaphysique contraignante. Dans cette comédie du monde qui n’a plus rien de divin, la religion s’impose comme moyen, jamais comme fin.
In light of Marcel Gauchet’s works on disenchantment, we intent in this dissertation to analyze Honoré de Balzac’s views about religion and Christianity, especially in three of his most apologetics novels: Le Médecin de Campagne (The Country Doctor, 1833), Le Curé de Village (The Village Priest, 1841) et L’Envers de l’Histoire Contemporaine (The Seamy Side of History, 1848). Published at different points of Balzac’s career, those novels have in common to illustrate the move toward autonomy of human condition by making religion dependent on human will. Withdrawing Providence, reinterpreting original sin dogma, those thesis novels depict a disenchanted world. From now on, evil can be explained by pathology and religion can be reduced to the treatment of social wounds. Investing all their energy in life here below, Balzac’s characters appear to be freed from any metaphysical ties. In this human comedy that is no longer divine, religion is a mean, never an end.
Mas, Marion. "Heuristique de la paternité chez Honoré de Balzac : figures et modèles de la fictionnalisation du réel." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070042.
Full textQuestioning the representation methods of the parental figure and their stakes in the Balzacian universe. This doctoral thesis shows that Balzac's figures of paternity echo the judicial changes in the status of the father instituted by the Civil code, To paint the relationship between father and child Balzac relies upon and transforms the cultural heritage of the second enlightenment which invented the figure of the father presiding over the code, He also drew upon several series of contemporary lithographs which were well known by the public, Referring to this essentially visual culture, the novel creates specific spaces of configuration, elaborating hypotheses about transformations of both imaginaries and practices of paternity, By working with topical representations, the novel also produces epistemological reflections; it questions the way that the paternal image, traditionally a metaphor for power, functions, This thesis also re-explores the fantasmatic image of paternity, examining its connections with the figure of the writer
Balastre, Marien. "Chercheurs et recherche d'absolu dans l'oeuvre de Balzac." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070087.
Full textThe three figures of creative genius, passionate lunatic and sacrificial mystic are depicted in the Balzac novel type of researcher of the Absolute, who proves a central element of Balzac's world and philosophy of the grea author, ail radiating European Romanticism. The Absolute appears as the problematic vanishing point of a thought in search of the ultimate truth of the human in its mission to overcome his condition, to transcend by the power of mind the limits of his existence and reveal that of higher world of infinite for which he yearns. Balzac offers a romantic experience of an absolute, preparing implicitly but powerfully the philosophical fortune of this concept, where lies the secret to a sublime energy that illustrate the nature of a new ontological relations between man and world, through legendary models and psychological studies that only deepen the mystery
Tanimoto, Michiaki. "La figure du conteur chez Balzac." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC219/document.
Full text"What is the talent of the 'Conteur', if not that of all talents combined ?" writes Philarète Chasles in his forward to Romans et contes philosophiques published in 1831. Although Balzac is best known as a novelist, he himself greatly admired the genre known as the "conte". Balzac traced a great deal of his own literary identity to the "grands conteurs" he considered his patrons such as Boccaccio, Rabelais, La Fontaine, Sterne and "the anonymous authors of The Arabian Nights". If in La DerniŠre Fee and Contes drolatiques Balzac confronts the traditions of this genre, his Romans et contes philosphiques, Contes bruns and Nouveux Contes philosohpiques represent instead an attempt to reform the "conte" in his own style. This thesis re-examines the "conte" as it was written in the first decades of the 19th century and traces the course of Balzac's literary development vis a vis this genre from his "youthful period" until the first years of the 1830s. Through a survey of books and literary magazines, I give a bibliographic survey of various "contes" published during this time. I also examine the daily work and life of Balzac during these years : a time not only of immense popularity for the "conte" within literary circles, but also one of changing socio-economic conditions for writers in general. Balzac envisaged the "conte" not as fixed genre, but as one of great flexibility and iridescence capable of accommodating a variety of styles, tones, and themes. Through his close identification with this genre, Balzac styled himself above all as a "conteur", an identity which this thesis traces from its earliest formulations until its precocious dissolution near the end of 1832
LEE, HYUN-SIL. "La manipulation de l'enonciateur dans la peau de chagrin de balzac." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20023.
Full textThe purpose of our study is situated in the framework of questioning the basis of the greimassian semiotics and in widening its scope of study. First of all we aim at distinguishing between the fictional and non-fictional speech which is ignored by the traditional semiotics. Next we choose a fictional speech as an object of analysis and try to demonstrate the truth of the semiotic hypothesis according to which the enunciation is a manipulation, factitiveness. In order to do so, we work again on the notion of the enunciated enunciation and on the one of enunciated utterance, which are two levels of the text as far as classical semiotics are concerned. We also aim at distinguishing three levels in the text instead of the two above mentioned : the level of enunciated effect, the one of the narration and the one of the narrated. The manipulation of the enunciator appears, according to us, throughout the three levels of the text. Our approach to the enunciative manipulation takes shape in the actualization and temporalization which are, with spatialization, compulsory operations to produce a speech
Terrasse-Riou, Florence. "La représentation de la communication dans le roman balzacien : fonctionnements et dysfonctionnements." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030013.
Full textThe structure of the balzacian novelistic space stages a complex network: thus is the progress of the progress of the narration based on the different topographical and sociological codes and interdicts, which implies a whole theory of signs. 1) the geography of exchanges draws some bags of insularity, effects of threshold, spots for an access, opening and closing mechanisms, which are so many privileged places for an ideological investment. 2) "comedy of words", "comedy of speech acts": pragmatic provides analysis for the polyphonic variations of the communication (epistolary, non-verbal) and underlines the part of implicit in the enunciative conventions. 3) the apprenticeship of signs runs the risk of indistinction, the chief peril of the xixth century, from balzac's point of view. In search for a lost and impossible communication, nostalgic of a failed restauration, the balzacian text endeavours to found a new legitimacy to a semiotical practice that would recognize thanks to "marks" or "traces"
Péraud, Alexandre. "Les miroirs du crédit dans la poétique balzacienne." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30019.
Full textNovak-Lechevalier, Agathe. "La théâtralité dans le roman : Stendhal, Balzac." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030131.
Full textTheatricality is frequently mentioned as an effect produced on the reader by the novel. However, the notion remains generally imprecise and consequently hardly operative. A study of theatricality from the perspective of a historical poetics of literary genres is necessary to explain its mode of appearance and its properties in Balzac and Stendhal’s novels. Therefore, this work aims to highlight what the notion meant since Aristotle’s Poetics. We will explain first how the idea of a theatrical effect independent from the dramatic mode appeared in the nineteenth century, and, secondly, why the promotion of the novelistic genre implied a link with drama. This analysis emphasizes a few features operating as theatricality markers, which allows to study how these features, combined together, contribute to produce a theatrical effect in the context of novelistic scenes. It appears that the theatricality effect is based upon the narrative speech which produces the dialogue as on a stage. The variety of the features used by Stendhal or Balzac allows to enlighten the differences that characterize the aesthetics of each novelist. Finally, the adoption of a dramatic pattern by the novel is closely linked to hermeneutic and pragmatic perspectives : by informing the universe represented in the novel, this pattern gives information to the reader about the rules that govern society ; by regulating the connection between the reader and the fiction, it enables to correlate emotional paroxysm with critical distance
Sano, Tsuyoshi. "Métaphysique du sujet et théorie sociale dans "la Comédie humaine" de Balzac." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30042.
Full textSolomon, Nathalie. "La subversion des projets narratifs dans les Etudes de moeurs d'H. De Balzac." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39040.
Full textSome problems in the balzacian text belong to the narrative strategy: you can't always trust the description of the narrative and the story may be modified from within by this description. The given narrative project is not always the actual one either, there are sometimes several of them, which are not always compatible
Goffette, Jean Dominique. "Les grands boulevards, invention et métamorphoses d'un lieu romanesque, XVIIe-XIXe siècles : Balzac, Flaubert." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081681.
Full textPerret, Maxime. "Balzac et le XVIIe siècle : mémoire, création littéraire et discours moraliste dans La Comédie humaine." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030050.
Full textThe present study addresses the multifaceted relationships between Balzac and the French literary 17th century. It consists of three parts: first, an analysis of Balzac’s own memorial selection of 17th-century political and literary events, followed by a detailed exploration of the variety of modes of attendance, practices and functions assumed by the “Grand Siècle” in La Comédie humaine, and finally of an evaluation of the range and consequences of the development of moralist-type thinking within prose narrative fiction. First, this research work allows for a renewed questioning of some foundations of Balzacian poetics. Secondly, the different methods of reception of the 17th century in the novel cycle built by Balzac between 1829 and 1850 highlight new reading circulations of La Comédie humaine by means of specific network-type textual devices. And finally, this study shows the permanence of problems linked with the development of the genre of the novel from the 17th to the 19th century. Hence, it invites to a revision of some deep-rooted prejudice of literary history, as much about Balzac than against the “classical Grand Siècle”
Hahn, Kyung-Hie. "Etude comparative des réalismes français et coréen autour des réalismes littéraires de Balzac (1799-1850) et de Yôm (1897-1963)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10128.
Full textSimard, Jean-Philippe. "Pour une typologie du sublime dans La Comédie humaine d'Honoré de Balzac." Thesis, Lille 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL30054/document.
Full textWhen Edmund Burke and Kant deliberate on the aesthetic of the sublime in the late 18th century, they identified concepts such as the infinity and the “astonishment“ as the beginnings of this aesthetic, linked to an instinct of self-preservation. They identify how the origins of the sublime take form around the violence of an emotion, a landscape or a situation: blood, murders, great but terrifying landscapes are all considered a reason for the communication of this aesthetic. Conversely, in Balzac’s work, the sublime is more complex, showing multiple forms all different from one another; the sublime no longer appears only through the somber lens, characteristic of the Romantic Period. This study suggest reconsidering the sublime as plural. The main objective being the establishment of a typology of Balzac’s novels in order to identify the genius of a man who innovated and differentiated himself from other 19th century writers. The beauty, the good, the exemplary, alongside the out-performance of oneself and more, are all categories which appear in this study and allow a now reading of La Comédie humaine
David, Jérôme. "Éthiques de la description : naissance de l'imagination topologique en France dans le roman et la sociologie (1820-1860)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0094.
Full textThis work offers a compared history of literature and sociology in France between 1820 and 1860. During that period, the notion of type appears in the literary and sociological descriptions of social reality, and becomes more and more central in the apprehension of the differenciations among classes, communities or groups. Based on the analysis of Honoré Balzac's La Comédie humaine and Frédéric Le Play's Les Ouvriers européens, this study shows that these two series of novels and of workers' monographies put typification at the center of their descriptive ambition. More broadly, it proposes a history of the uses of a typological imagination and of the ontologies, above all social, that were underlying them. That is why the texts also taken into account in this study range from natural history, medical sciences, history, chemistry geology and metallurgy, to the sentimental novel, the historical novel and the panoramic literature, as well as social inquiries and statistics
Girardey, Pierre. "Figurations du remords dans le récit romantique : Hugo, Balzac, Dumas." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCC022.
Full textOne can define remorse as a feeling of annoyance felt by someone who knows he has acted badly, a pain due to an action which is considered bad. Even though it is a negative and reactive feeling, characterized by its punitive nature, remorse is above all a moral feeling, because the person who experiences it understands the evil he has committed by the painful effects he feels. Frozen in the repetitive logic of bad conscience, the guilty individual has to find the way to convert the remorse which makes him a slave of his crime, into a liberating repentance. This repentance is the only way which leads to atonement. Christianity has put this dialectic at the centre of its soteriology, understanding remorse as a sign of rupture with God. According to Jean Delumeau, « no civilization has given more significance to guilt […] than Western civilization between the 13th and the 18th century.» Although the Enlightenment tends to free the individual from his metaphysical worries by weakening the sense of sin and claiming the original innocence of mankind, it fails at putting an end to the apportionment of blame which remains during the 19th century. This PhD thesis analyzes several representations of remorse in Romantic fiction, especially in Balzac, Dumas and Hugo’s literary works, in order to show its specificities and explain the issues of an affect which is profoundly laicized after the French Revolution
Osuga, Saori. "Séraphîta et la Bible : sources scripturaires du mysticisme balzacien." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040202.
Full textSéraphîta (1833-1835) is Honoré de Balzac’s mystical novel in which the author condensed his religious feelings nursed since his youth. In this work he introduced numerous biblical citations and images alongside mystical and theosophical thoughts. The present thesis aims to bring to light the diverse biblical and mystical sources of Balzac’s spiritual text, including his own readings and interpretations. Part one is a bibliographic study of Bibles used by Balzac and Swedenborg, as well as those used by Daillant de La Touche and Jean-Pierre Moët, who introduced swedenborgian thought into France; following this, biblical citations found within Séraphîta are analysed. In part two, three biblical representations of Séraphîta-Séraphîtüs are explored, namely: the Seraph, the Christ and the Word. Inspired by Théophile Bra’s statue of an angel, Balzac developed the image of the angelic being in the course of its redaction. At the same time this angel fulfils the function of the Christ, in both concrete and symbolic ways, and in its final ascension becomes the Word itself. In the third and last part, there is an exploration of mystical authors read by Balzac and their influence on his text, namely: Thomas a Kempis, Saint Teresa of Avila, Jacob Boehme, Antoinette Bourignon, Mme Guyon, Fénelon, Saint-Martin, Eckartshausen, and especially Swedenborg. It will be argued that by taking the Bible as his foundation, and drawing spiritual ideas from various mystics and theosophists, Balzac sought to refresh Christian mysticism and lead his readers, in their period of doubt, to faith and love in God
Suranyi, Gisèle. "Le masque énigmatique dans La Comédie humaine." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040144.
Full textDespite what were to be expected, the mask bears a dominating place in the novel by Balzac. In his mature works, one could notice that there is an inadequacy between the reality and appearances. The characters have lost their transparency and have become obscure, inscrutable and enigmatic. In the society according to Balzac, made of illusions and lies, the true does not exist out of the tacit consensus which gives it this name. Lying is first and becomes a permanent feature. The character has to play a part. The art of showing off becomes hence an essential know-how. A satanic sign, the mask, source of Evil, provokes the destruction of the individual and the decay of the society. Within the mysticism typical of Balzac, thanks to a mystical-physiological system, the mask turns up to be a transcription of the supernatural word into the natural word: an iconography of the Invisible. The resolution of the mask-enigma brings about a new knowledge, notably in metaphysics. Moreover, the mask turns the account more enigmatic and lays down a new literary process to the novel writer in which predominates mystery and the art of suspense. The enigmatic form, a domineering form, structures the whole story into a play activity
Dosi, Francesca. "Trajectoires balzaciennes dans le cinéma de Jacques Rivette : Out1 - La belle noiseuse - Ne touchez pas à la hache." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030008.
Full textThis thesis follows the traces of Balzac’s presence in Jacques Rivette’s output and of thecomplex network of references, allusions and quotations that create a mirror image of thecobweb-like structure of the Comédie Humaine. These traces emerge particularly in threeworks overtly inspired by Balzac : Out 1, Noli me tangere (1970-71), an experimental filmfleuve approximately 13 hours long, built on actorial improvisation and centred on atransposition of the quest of Balzac’s Treize to contemporary times; La Belle Noiseuse (1991)which transposes and partly modifies the narrative of Le Chef-d’Oeuvre inconnu to thepresent of the filming process; and Ne touchez pas la hache (2007), a costume (and thus‘literally faithful’) reprise of La Duchesse de Langeais. Out 1 mixes surrealist flanerie toBalzac’s enigmatic narration in order to question the myth of the select group and thepsychedelic oneirism typical of the 1960s. As dramatisations of a novelistic ellipsis, themodel’s sittings in La Belle Noiseuse offer Rivette the opportunity to stage the process ofartistic creation and, at the same time, to reflect on his work as a filmmaker and on theenormous project of the Comédie Humaine. The “César-style” compression to which hesubmits La Duchesse de Langeais turns the narrative into an atemporal metaphysical treatiseon a lover’s impasse, as well as into the occasion for a meditation on Balzac’s philosophy andthe theatricality typical of the Comédie Humaine. Caught up between reprise andtransformation, Jacques Rivette’s films constitute as many re-elaborations that are, to differentdegrees, impregnated with Balzac’s powerful oeuvre, and thus delineate an original set offorms of assimilation, hybridisation and reinvention of literary texts on screen
Girard, Christelle. "La Comédie humaine : une poétique en fictions." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC293.
Full textThe idea of mise-en-abyme in an artistic work - whether formulated by the first German Romantics or, in a different way, by the French Romantics - gained momentum at the end of the eighteenth century and during the nineteenth century. However, paradoxically, its metatextuality did not weaken when Realist aesthetics were imposed later in the nineteenth century. The metadiscourse does not interrupt the fictional immersion, as it does in parodic novels and their avatars, but it remains, albeit in new forms that are incorporated into the fiction. Balzac embodies this trend. In this sense, we support the idea that Balzac was one of the first to transpose into a Realist contract what parodic and eccentric novelists did before him or during his time. Moreover, he assigns a reflexive purpose to the category of the novel, making a specific pact with the reader. The prologue to my thesis notes the inadequacies of the prefatory discourse on the subject of the novel. But an intentional Balzacian reflexivity is palpable through an exhaustive study of the poetic lexicon, in the first part of the thesis. The years 1839 to 1844 appear as the culmination of a meditation on the novel and as a moment when metacritical vocabulary from prefatory discourse moves towards fictional intrigues. The analysis of fictionalizations, which is the subject of the second part, supposes, then, an enrichment of the debate on the novel. The third part observes a crucial shift : Balzac no longer narratizes both the novel's hold over the reader and its reflexive power. The novel thus emancipates the reader, bringing him or her into the metatextual pact
Younes, Kaddis Youssef Anwar. "La société bourgeoise française au XIXe et au XXe siècle vue par les écrivains contemporains." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/YOUNES_KADDIS_YOUSSEF_Anwar_2011.pdf.
Full textWriting history by depending on the literature may seem surprising. Thus history can be seen as a human science its purpose is the study of the past, while the literature book written within a culture, age and gender. So we can say that the literature can serve as a literary source as well as any other historical document. Consequently, I do not find its difficult to select some literary works that serve my research and help me to describe the bourgeois community at that time as correct as possible. The study is divided into four parts. The first part is examining the bourgeois community, during the Restoration and the July Monarchy, according to Balzac's Father Goriot. In the second part of the thesis, i discussed the bourgeois community during the Second French Empire through the works of of Georges Feydeau and those of Zola. The third part is entitled « bourgeois community at the beginning of First World War as seen by Roger Martin du Gard. » and the last part of the thesis deals with the French bourgeois community between the two major wars according to the autobiography of Simone de Beauvoir « Memoirs of a willful Daughter ». [. . . ]
Raulet-Marcel, Caroline. "Librairie romantique et genre romanesque : l'instauration d'une nouvelle relation entre l'auteur et son lecteur sous la restauration." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070039.
Full textDuring the Restoration in France, under the influence of numerous changes in the book market, the novel brought about a new relationship between authors and readers. Choosing to write novels is often seen as a sacrifice that Romantic writers made to the exigencies of the publishing world, but in fact, such writers wanted to explore the potentialities of a literary form and of a medium - the book - to create a new kind of reader in an increasingly large and anonymous public. The study of the Romantic publishing world and the analysis of the texts and peritexts of novels by Nodier, Hugo, Balzac, Stendhal, Vigny and Mérimée published between 1818 and 1829 cast light on the enunciative modalities of such a process. The Romantic relationship between authors and readers was not based on nostalgia for a declining oral culture. In spite of its rhetorical dimension the novel constructed its reader in the interstices of the enunciative System disclosed by the text. Alternatively didactic, tender, friendly, playful, literary communication was established by undermining established moral certitudes, sharing an "affective vibration" and playing implicitly with commercial novelistic forms. Irony was part of the process : it revealed the author behind the narrator, while nonetheless endangering the author figure itself. Indeed, the construction of the new literary relationship was partly based on the ambiguous search for a "catch-me-if-you-can" author. Thus, Romantic novelists criticized biographical reading, which is usually considered part of what Paul Benichou has called the "sacre de l'écrivain", but they also led the reader to explore the legends of an emerging authorial myth
Jacobée-Biriouk, Sylvie. "La notion d'indice d'après quelques exemples de récits romanesques du XIXe siècle : Béatrix, La Vieille Fille, La Muse du département de Balzac, L'Éducation sentimentale, Madame Bovary de Flaubert, Une vie, Bel-ami, Mont-Oriol, Pierre et Jean, Fort comme la mort, Notre coeur de Maupassant." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120077.
Full textThis thesis wants to show that exist, in some xixth's novels, secret elements at first reading, called "indices". According to their information, they are contextual or permanent. They have their own inventors, transmitters and receivers, who recognize, make out index and sometimes have their reading confirmed by the ending. The indicial process has three types of functions. Firstly, they construct the text when binding it with reality, when giving to characters a past and a future, out of diegesis, when putting rhythm into novel with recurrences, when playing upon informations conveyed bu narration linearly. Indices announce characters personality and events, distinguish chronological order and diegetic order, sometimes set reader in false trail. Lastly, they allow characters to express themselves through insinuations. Their behaviour in front of index characterizes them : conscious or unconscious, volontary or unvolontary. Different diagrams give index different functions, even if it always appears like a paralanguage
Bierce, Vincent. "Le sentiment religieux dans La Comédie Humaine d'Honoré de Balzac. Foi, ironie et ironisation." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN045.
Full textThe present work endeavours to demonstrate in Balzac’s Comédie humaine just how the representation of faith, considered as a religious feeling, is based upon an active principle of reversal that we will call « ironisation ». Distinct from irony and inherently non-comical, « ironisation » is bound to the issue of value and seems to be, in the early 19th-century society faced with disorder and the instability of meaning, the only form able to convey the unsteadiness of the real and to manifest the rift between the order of the subject and the order of the world. As a narrative, an aesthetic and a poetic dynamic, « ironisation » consists in a displacing and unsettling force, in a new critical mode which puts the reversibility of interpretations at the heart of stories, denies every axiological hierarchy and entails a worldview where truth isn’t tied to transcendence anymore, be it the transcendence of God, of meaning or of truth. Accepting the radical aloneness to which it condemns the reader, « ironisation » troubles our standards, constantly overturns significations and refuses all attempts at systematic unity: as such, it is a true confrontation with reality and it undermines beliefs while forming a third way escaping from the fruitless dialectic between nihilism and spiritualism.If Balzac invents his very personal and original theology, which he expands and exemplifies especially in Le Livre mystique, and if he makes room in his novels for recurring scenes where characters are faced with the appearance of the sacred, he nevertheless tries to represent the religious felling within the bounds of history and to situate his ideas about the spiritual inside of a general framework based upon a materialist project and « realist » poetics. These two premises lead to « ironisation » which, by creating tension between pairs of opposites, the religious and the materialistic, doubt and spirituality, gives birth to a resolutely polyphonic unity, inviting us to rethink the representation of faith in the contemporary world in light of new categories. Since it makes meaning undecidable and forces conflicting realities to cohabit, the gesture of « ironisation » shapes a new relation to time and questions the religious phenomenon as well as the becoming of the modern individual and history
Saïdah, Jean-Pierre. "Dandysme social et dandysme littéraire à l'époque de Balzac." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30038.
Full textDandyism, such as it developed in france in the 1820's and especially after 1830, appears to be a phenomenon linked to the disappearance of the old aristocratic values and to the rise of the bourgeoisie. The dandy abides by strict rules that command his behaviour and his attire. In the salons where he is sought for his gracefulness while feared for his impertinence, in the circles or cafes of the boulevard, he fosters a cult of difference, a cult of strength and a cult of form, making him the impassive and ironic priest of a religion of beauty. Literature could not remain indifferent to such a cultural phenomenon that affected young people as much in the bourgeoisie as in the aristocracy. Balzac is the novelist who gave the most varied representation of social dandyism. Both fascinated and irritated by these sparkling figures, he understood better than anyone else that dandyism was the royal road taken by an idle youth kept away from power and forced to consume its energy in appearances in order to exist. Around 1830, some other writers, often marginal, turned dandyism into a way of writing, governed by playfulness, off-handedness, irony and derision. Establishing with their works and their readers the same type of relationship as the dandy maintains with his body and his audience, they partially borrowed from traditional parody the figures on which their poetics are based. This practice, long misunderstood, heralds modern works which have used protest as a creative principle. . .
Gendrel, Bernard. "Le roman de moeurs en France (1820-1855) : du roman historique au roman réaliste." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2015.
Full textAfter having distinguished three explicative aspects of the novel (the psychological, social and plot-driven aspects) and defined three corresponding types of novels (novels of characters, manners and plot), this work focuses on the novel of manners during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy. Heir to quite an old tradition, this genre is at its peak with the Scottian historical novel and the novel of contemporary manners of the 1820’s. Balzac, first influenced by the novel of manners, develops in The Human Comedy a hybrid form (combining social and psychological aspects, novel of characters and novel of manners), which we may call the realistic novel (characterized by an overloading of verisimilitude). This definition of realism does not erase the differences between the authors; it allows, on the contrary, to appreciate the specific poetics developed by Stendhal, George Sand or Champfleury
Naïm, Jérémy. "Le Récit enchâssé, ou la mise en relief narrative au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA127.
Full textAt the beginning of the twentieth century, embedded narrative emerged as a concept, thanks to the research that Russian formalists had carried out on a collection of short stories. But the category came into bloom only in the 1960s, under Todorov and Genette's pens. At that time though, the subject was broached rather than dealt with in depth. No definition based on consensus ever arose from narratology; and the seamless persistence of this narrative technique, dating back to Ancient India, has never been well accounted for. Embedded narrative has always been a critical myth rather than a subject to be studied. The aim of this dissertation is to start where the first tentative conceptualization stopped: the feeling that some texts do contain extra narratives. Inserted stories can be enhanced through typography layouts, changes of narratee, time-related alterations, or by sets of specific markings. Embedding might then mean emphasizing rather than inserting. Is it then legitimate to comment on 'embedded narratives' as such? Was there ever a consistent technique to emphasize narratives? By raising these issues, this dissertation aims at getting to the root of the notion, and addresses the topic by drawing on a large number of short stories published between 1800 and 1890. For during the nineteenth century short stories collections came for the first time closer to independent fiction, precisely to short story. Analyzing this rapprochement will enable us to discover how the very notion of 'embedded narrative’ could come up
Shen, Yanan. "L'image de Sade dans le roman noir des années 1830." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL177.
Full textThe revolt of July in 1830 echoed the Revolution of 1789 and the rule of Louis-Philippe took France into a period of transition where the punctual riots and the cholera epidemic in 1832 was reflected in the dark tones of the image of sufferings and evil of that time. The romantic movement merged with the image of Sade in this difficult period of social evolution. The Jeunes-France, one century later qualified by the surrealists as petits romantiques, used the image of Sade to face down the critics of the moralists. It was during these turbulent times the image of Sade emerged in the black novel, an undefined genre in different literary tendencies, including the gothic novel, the fantastic tale and the historical novel. The legend of Sade’s life took its form at the end of 18th century in the gazettes and political inquiries. He was seen by his contemporaries, for example, Rétif de La Bretonne, that as a criminal libertine, one unpunished by the Ancien Régime, and was considered the insane writer of the libertine and perverse literature. Sade is related to the Revolution. Surviving the Terror of 1793, his feudal fury was compared to the cruelty of Danton and Robespierre. At the beginning of the 1830’s, the writings of Sade the prisoner, victim of an Empire, was discovered by Charles Nodier in his historical research. He defined the term “sadism” in the dictionary in 1834. In the same year, the multiple faces of the image of Sade were recorded by Jules Janin in his biographical article. The young romantic poets timidly explored the images of Sade in their black novels. Within these tales and within the historical novel of Pétrus Borel, Sade represented not only the atrocity and corruption of the Louis XV’s court, but also the violence of the revolutionary rampage. For Balzac, Sade and his work signified a collaboration of the erotic literature with the black story and in Balzac’s boudoirs, the frantic crimes and the transgressive perversions set the scenes. In the black novels of Frédéric Soulié in the form of the feuilleton, the image and the imaginary of Sade was used to describe the social monstrosity. The sadism was popularized in the universe of corrupted morals
Humann, Guilleminot Magali. "La peinture dans l'œuvre d'Honoré de Balzac." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040294.
Full text“The work of Balzac is written painting": the Goncourt’s comment has been our leading thread through the work of Balzac. It is the real transposal of art that is achieved when the novelist describes portraits, landscapes, and homes. Our study consists in demonstrating how the writer takes the place of the painter: "literature used the same process as does the painter" writes Balzac. The intensity, giving to the descriptions by the evocation of colors, light, materials is very similar to the pictorial technique. In the first part of our essay we study how the "fraternity of arts" has developed in the beginning of the nineteenth century when "the arts tend compensate one for the other" according to Baudelaire. In the second part we study the painters that Balzac mentioned in his work. Finally it seemed interesting to examine the aesthetics of Balzac how does his writing evoqued pictures?
Rajidy, Bouchra. "L'interaction entre les personnages et les décors dans quelques romans de Balzac." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA08A005.
Full textIkeda, Jun. "La culture littéraire dans À la recherche du temps perdu." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040020.
Full textIn this thesis, we discuss the aspect of “critique-novel” of Marcel Proust’s À la recherche du temps perdu (1913-1927). Proust originally undertook this novel as a series of fragments of critique that are titled le Contre Sainte-Beuve, but in the process of writing, the uncompleted fragments slid to a novel. This origin partly accounts for the plenty of references to literary works in this roman. Then, what is the point of the transformation from a critique to a novel? Our hypothesis is that this transformation occurs due to the transition of Proust’s main interest—from the monological narration of the critique towards the dialogical and descriptive discourse of the novel of manners, in which characters are concerned with literature in their own way. In order to demonstrate the hypothesis, we examine various aspects of characters who talk of literature in the novel, analyzing their opinion for four most frequently referred authors, Madame de Sévigné, duke de Saint-Simon, Hugo and Balzac. This approach has enabled us to find that the characters’ opinions represent the reception of the authors in question, and that the opinions have a role of typifying and situating the characters in the plot. Therefore we can conclude that Proust chose to draw the behavior of people around literature with the form of novel instead of simply stating his own idea
Rezeanu, Ioana-Cătălina. "Les échos dix-neuviémistes dans l'oeuvre de Michel Houellebecq : Balzac, Zola, Huysmans, Auguste Comte, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Lamartine, Baudelaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0190.
Full textAt the origin of this study lies the invocation by Michel Houellebecq of the nineteenth-century readings that marked his youth and also his clear opposition to writers of the XXth century to whom he prefers the writings of the XIXth century. Our interest was aroused by his constant references and allusions to names such as Balzac, Zola, Huysmans, Auguste Comte, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Lamartine, Baudelaire. What do they have to say to him? If Michel Houellebecq moves towards this period of the past, it is because it coincides with the first anti-modern protests against the coldness of liberalism, of capitalism, the irreligious spirit, that is against the three evils which are responsible for the disruption of the (post)modern social structure.The first part of our comparative analysis introduces the novels of Houellebecq into realism - an echo to Balzac -, to naturalism - in reference to Zola, relating to decadence - evoking Huysmans. The second is the thread of philosophical reasoning of Auguste Comte, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche, of which Houellebecq feeds his judgments about love and religion, under the influence of a resentment sometimes discreet, sometimes sharp. The last part also enters on the territory of the Houellebecq poetry. In echo to Lamartine and Baudelaire we will discover a Houellebecq enlightened by a sensitivity that he uses in prophetic projects with utopian or dystopian reach. His work certainly belongs to the postmodern literary tradition, but it has the merit of revalorizing the voices of the romantics and the first witnesses of modern times
Kamada, Takayuki. "Balzac, une poétique de la composition fragmentaire : étude génétique et critique d'"Un grand homme de province à Paris"." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082451.
Full textExploring documents of Illusions perdues, especially that of the second episode, the present study attempts to elucidate the singularity of Balzac’s writing process. The first part of this investigation presents the chronology of the trilogy’s creation, which reveals a particular creating rhythm. Then, a genetic reading of Un Grand homme de province à Paris, which reposes on a complete transcription of its genetic documents, follows the curve of Balzac’s writing process. This survey shows two simultaneous operations (composition of the next part and revision of the written segments), constituting a complex writing process, which attempts to intensify the installed fictional elements, and to mask the distortions at once. This system realizes round-movement between revision and rewriting, allows Balzac to get a particular dynamics in a dialogue between possibilities of rereading and rewriting
Kim, In-Kyoung. "La sociocritique et le sociogramme du bourgeois balzacien." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081919.
Full textDuclos, Tania. "Écriture romanesque, intertextualité et genèse chez Balzac : l'exemple de deux romans des années 1838-1839, Béatrix et une fille d'Ève." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040034.
Full textIn 1838-1839, Balzac’s writing is marked by the presence of significant borrowings in the works of Théophile Gautier. This presence, along with the vast range of intertextual practices of varying degree, incites us to discover how the intertextual elements are introduced in the novelist’s creative process and in what ways they contribute to the deliberate elaboration of an extensive network of meaning. This thesis is based upon two novels, Une fille d’Ève and Béatrix, chosen as best representations of Balzac’s creations at the time. The intertextual analysis of those two texts, together with a study of their genesis, highlights the author’s own concept of intertextuality
Couture, Maude. "Les romans de l'écrivain-journaliste d'Illusions perdues à Bel-Ami : continuités et ruptures." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26093.
Full textMontagnon, Solange. "Conversations de salon et roman d'apprentissage : Charles Sorel, Histoire comique de Francion ; Claude Crebillon, Les Egarements du coeur et de l'esprit ; Honoré de Balzac, Illusions perdues ; Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes ; Marcel Proust, Le côté des Guernantes ; Sodome et Gomorrhe." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET2103.
Full textConversation scenes are recurrent in our litterature. Yet, they have rarely been analysed as such, even if the dialogue in novels is the subject of different works and the conversation as a social practice is of interest to different disciplines. It is true that a paradox marks the “salon conversation” : novelists have been fascinated by the art of speech as it is practiced in its temple, and at the same time the accusation of vanity weights on the wordly scene, dressed upin frivolous or vulgar masks. In our study we try to examine how this particular social discourse has been represented in some major works in which the hero takes his steps in life. A young man takes the floor within a group which lays down or conserves the rules of common life, but if he is there as if he were at an audition which confirms in a more or less symbolic way his integration into the group, he will also, through his mobility as an apprentice, allow the reader to evaluate the pertinence of his language and the values it upholds. We therefore consider the salon as an element of narrative architecture of each author and the conversation scene as a step forward in the development of the hero
Tabeling, Brice. "L'écriture familière en France au XVIIe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA144.
Full textIn Seventeenth-Century France, familiar writing was a language practice unique to the particular space that intentionally assumed a poverty of form and multiplicity of meanings. What issues did 17th century contemporaries see at stake in what is not a “style”, but as described by Dominique Bouhours, an “immature” state of language? In the first part (chapters 1 & 2), we will focus on the principal model of familiar writing that centers the discussion in the 17th century: the “sermo” (Ciceronian or Augustinian). Thus we will shed light on a political fiction under the theorization of familiar writing: what is at stake in the “Sermo” is the passage from a language attached to primitive communities and understood as simply an affective measure of human relations to a differentiated language,unique to societies and built on the representation and sharing of meaning.The second part (chapters 3-6) will explore the disruptions that progressive empowerment of the private space provokes in the understanding of familiar writing in the 17th century. In the eyes of those who lived in the 17th century, familiar usage of language constituted both anoccasion that preferred the feeling of community, as well as a threat to civil ambition to which it is attached. Treaties on conversation tried to limit its dangers. Libertine texts exacerbated the power of its disruptions.The last part (chapter 7) is devoted to the theatrical works of Molière. Following readjustments brought to notions of style and representation by our exploration of the classico-baroque familiar writings, how does one interpret Molière’s comic language? What are the consequences for our understanding of “le ridicule”?