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1
Ishiwu, C. N., A. G. Opara, J. E. Obiegbuna, and P. A. Okeke. "Assessment of growth performance of African catfish (Clariasgariepinus) fed with feed produced from blend of pigeon pea (Cajanuscajan) bambara groundnut (Vignasubterranea) and fish meal." Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19 (April 2, 2020): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v19i1.3.
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A 3-factor -factorial experiment (2K) was designed to produce fish feeds from mixture of pigeon pea, bambara groundnut and fish meal as major ingredients, while maize, red palm oil, salt and micro nutrient pre-mix were added as minor ingredients. The raw materials were processed into flours. The ingredients were weighed out in various ratios and mixed. The mixture was extruded; sun-dried and packaged and labeled F1-F8 and a commercial feed labeled F9 served as control. The feeds were feed to juvenile Clariasgariepinus kept in 9 separate plastic bowels and fed for 42 days. The forty-five fish of uniform weight and age were grouped into 9 and stocked in the nine artificial ponds, each pond contained five fish. The feeds were analyzed for proximate composition, while the growth performance of the fish was evaluated at the end of the feeding period. Result showed that F3 (20g pigeon pea, 20g Bambara ground nut and 16g fish meal) contains the highest protein (33.14 %) and F1(20g pigeon pea, 30g bambara ground nut and 16g fish meal) the least (23.13 %). F3 exhibited the highest specific growth rate (1.14 %) followed by the F9 (control) which contains 1.09%. The highest weight gain (16 g) was observed in the fish fed the control feed. However, F3 and F4 (20g pigeon pea, 30g bambara ground nut and 18g fish meal) ranked next to the control with respect to growth performance. It is therefore possible to produce quality catfish feed from bend of pigeon pea, Bambara ground nut and fish meal.
Keywords: catfish, fish feed, bambara groundnut, pigeon pea, fish meal
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JOSEPH, J. K., B. AWOSANYA, P. C. ADEOYE, and M. ROKEKUNLE. "INFLUENCE OF GRADED LEVELS OF TOASTED BAMBARA GROUNDNUT MEAL ON RABBIT CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 27 (January 3, 2021): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v27i.1960.
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The effect of feeding graded levels of toasted banban ground out meal on rabbit weaners was investigated. A total of fifty white rabbit weaners of 6 - 8 weeks with an average weight of 366,7 gwere fed the graded level of tested bambara nut meal at 0. 5, 15, 25 or 35% inclusion level in a complete randomized design experiment for a period of six week. The final live weight, daily feed intake were not influcticed (P>0.05) by the level of bambara nut meal in the diet. However, positive influence of the graded level of bambara nut meal was observed on the rabbit daily weight gain, feed efficiency dressed carcass, dressing percentage and ment: bone ratjo. Rabbits on the 25 and 15% bambara nut inclusion levels were found to have similar (P>0.05) daily weight gain and dressing percentage with the control ration. Rabbit on the 5% bambara nut level diet had the least feed efficiency (0.22) and meat: bone ratio (3.6), while the dressed weights of rabbit fed the diet containing 25% bambara nut meal had the highest dressed carcass weight (501.6g). Rabbits' carcass cut-up parts as well as internal organs (liver, heart, kidneys and lungs) were not influenced by the dietary levels of bambara nut meal. But the pelt weight, empty gut weight, lipid and moisture contents were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the levels of bambara nut meal in the diet.
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ONWUBIKO, Nwakuche Chinenye, Michael Ifeanyi UGURU, and Grace Ovute CHIMDI. "Pattern of variation and grouping of qualitative morphological characters of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 115, no. 2 (June 8, 2020): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2020.115.2.1283.
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<p>Morphological field evaluation to characterize the phenotypical features of 33 Bambara groundnut accessions was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Department of Crop Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State; Nigeria. Qualitative morphological descriptors showed a varying degree of variation across the Bambara groundnut collections evaluated. In relation to other descriptors, ground colour of eye displayed the highest range of variation, while eye pattern of the accessions recorded the least discriminating feature. The accessions were resolved into five groups based on similarities on morphological characters and not on geographical place of origin.</p><p><span><br /></span></p>
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Suhairi, Tengku Adhwa Syaherah Tengku Mohd, Siti Sarah Mohd Sinin, Eranga M. Wimalasiri, Nur Marahaini Mohd Nizar, Anil Shekar Tharmandran, Ebrahim Jahanshiri, Peter J. Gregory, and Sayed N. Azam-Ali. "Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) Imagery in Phenotyping of Bambara Groundnut." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 6 (May 15, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n6p12.
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In this experiment, proximal measurements and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery was used to determine growth stages for bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). The crop is a high potential crop due to its ability to yield in marginal environments, but neglected and underutilised due to lack of information on its growth in different environments. This study evaluated the correlation between Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from the ground as well as airborne sensors to test the ability of remotely sensed data to identify growth stages. NDVI and chlorophyll content of bambara groundnut leaves were measured at ground level at 18, 32, 46 and 88 days after planting (DAP) comprising vegetative, flowering, pod formation and maturity growth stages. The UAV imagery for the experimental plots was acquired with 0.2m resolution at maturity. The result showed a significant (p < 0.05) linear relationship between proximal NDVI and chlorophylls content at all growth stages ofgrowth. The R2 varied from 0.57 in the vegetative stage to 0.78 in the flowering stage. Furthermore, NDVI derived from proximal measurements and UAV data showed a significant (p < 0.05) correlation. The observed high correlation between proximal sensors, UAV data and crop parameters suggest that remote sensing technologies can be used for rapid phenotyping to hasten the development of models to assess the performance of underutilised crops for food and nutrition security.
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Muhammad, Ayuba Abdullahi, and Nyijime Thomas Aondofa. "Paraquat dichloride adsorption from aqueous solution using Carbonized Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranean) Shells." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.28s.
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Carbonized Bambara GroundNut Shell (CBGNS) was used as adsorbent for the adsorption of paraquat dichloride (PQ) from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. Several parameters that might affect the adsorption process including pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature and initial concentration were investigated and optimized using batch adsorption technique. Results of the study revealed that maximum removal efficiency (98%) was achieved using 0.05g adsorbent dosage, solution pH of 5 and 60 min of contact time. The equilibrium experimental result revealed that Langmuir model best described the adsorption process with R2 value of 0.956.The heat of adsorption process was estimated from Temkin Isotherm model to be 19.99J/mol and the mean free energy was estimated from Duninin-Radushkevich (DRK) isotherm model to be 0.289KJ/mol indicating chemisorptions process. The kinetic and thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption processes followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with R2 value of 0.999 and the value of ∆G (- 27.74 kJ mol-1), ∆H (13.145 kJ mol-1) indicate the spontaneous and endothermic nature of PQ adsorption on CBGNS. The results suggested that CBGNS had the potential to become a promising material for PQ contaminated water treatment.
Keywords: Adsorption, Paraquat dichloride, Carbonized Bambara Ground nut shell, Water treatment.
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Obura, M., G. Oballim, J. O. Ochuodho, F. N. W. Maina, and V. E. Anjichi. "Seed Management and Quality of Farmer Saved Seeds of Bambara groundnut from North Western, Northern and Eastern Uganda." Ghana Journal of Agricultural Science 56, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjas.v56i1.1.
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Bambara groundnut (BG) is a protein and energy-rich legume crop of African origin with the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security. There is limited information on seed management and quality of farmer saved seed of BG in Uganda. This study was conducted to investigate seed management practices and evaluate the quality of farmer saved seed from Uganda. Four hundred BG farmers were chosen using purposive sampling and information gathered on their seed management. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview the farmers. Seed colour and size determination, standard germination and electrical conductivity tests were done on seed samples collected from farmers. Results from survey revealed that farmers recycled seeds for more than 4 years (39.2%) and maintained mostly single landraces (52.5%). Seed was sun-dried on the ground (81%), stored in gunny bags (93.5%), and threshed mostly by hand (52.0%). Collected landraces had varied seed coat colours and significantly differed at p = 0.05 in their seed sizes, final germination percentage (FGP), electrical conductivity (EC), germination velocity index and seedling vigour index II (SVI-II). Local Bam landrace recorded highest SVI-II (485.3) and EC (0.52MSg-1) while TVSU 688 landrace recorded the highest FGP (96.0%) and lowest EC (0.06MSg-1).
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Shanmughavel, P., and K. Francis. "Above ground biomass production and nutrient distribution in growing bamboo (Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss)." Biomass and Bioenergy 10, no. 5-6 (1996): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(95)00124-7.
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BORISADE, Tolulope V. "Lignin, cellulose and nutrient deposition in litters of Bambusa vulgaris stands in a regenerating forest in Ile-Ife, Nigeria." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 12, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb12410587.
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The lignin, cellulose and nutrient deposition of litters were assessed in four 0.06 ha plots of Bambusa vulgaris stands in a regenerating forest in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 35 years after ground fire, with a view to providing information on these parameters which are generally lacking in the forest ecosystem. The collected litters were sorted into leaves and twigs, oven-dried at 70 °C to a constant weight, ground and analysed for lignin, cellulose and nutrients. The total lignin and cellulose content in the litters showed significant (p≤0.05) monthly variation. There was no significant (p ≥ 0.05) difference in the monthly nutrient deposition of Na, Mg, K, Fe, N, P, Mn, Zn and Cu, but there was significant difference in the monthly nutrient deposition of C and Ca through the litter fall fraction (p ≤ 0.05) in the bamboo stands in the secondary rainforest. The depositions of C, N, Ca, Mg and Cu were higher in the bamboo stands but lower in Na, Mn and Zn deposition in 1990 and 2013 studies. The bamboo stands contributed significantly to the carbon sequestration, nutrient dynamics and regeneration status of the forest.
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Ghori, Tameezuddin Khan, Anusuya D. Anusuya. D, and Geetha M. Geetha.M. "Growth of Nursery Grown Micro Propagated Bamboo (Bambusa Tulda .L) Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr)." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/june2014/21.
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Defrancq, Bart, and Bernard De Clerck. "Intersubjective positioning in French and English." Languages in Contrast 9, no. 1 (March 24, 2009): 37–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.9.1.04def.
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Similar to the uses of default discourse markers such as ‘well’, ‘you know’ and ‘I mean’, instances of ‘it depends’ and ‘ça dépend’ can be attested in which the speaker’s intersubjective positioning seems to be the main motivation behind their use (Moissinac and Bamberg 2004). In this paper we explore the systematicity and frequency of such examples in both French and English based on extensive contextualised corpus-based analysis. In particular, we will focus on their functional and formal features and attest to what extent they can be diagnosed as representative of ongoing intersubjectification processes. In doing so, we will trace differences and similarities between the two languages. The study shows that there is indeed fertile ground for such expressions to develop in the direction of discourse markers and that they evolve at slightly different paces in both languages.
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Franklin, Donald C., and David J. M. S. Bowman. "Bamboo, fire and flood: regeneration of Bambusa arnhemica (Bambuseae: Poaceae) after mass-flowering and die-off at contrasting sites in monsoonal northern Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 5 (2003): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt03014.
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Bambusa arnhemica F.Muell., a long-lived, gregarious-flowering and semelparous bamboo endemic to north-western Australia, occurs in remarkably disparate but somewhat fire-sheltered flood-prone riparian forest and rocky hillside vine-thickets, but not in adjacent fire-prone savannas. We investigated the response of B. arnhemica seedlings to fire and flood at two contrasting sites over 2.5 years following a mass-flowering and die-off event. Seedlings grew vigorously notwithstanding either prolonged inundation or total loss of above-ground parts to fire within their first year. However, there was no evidence that such disturbance promoted regeneration, and several veins of evidence suggest that B. arnhemica is fire-retardant and refugial rather than fire-promoting. We suggest that creation of canopy gaps by parental death is a more parsimonious and generalisable hypothesis for the evolution of gregarious semelparity in bamboos than the recently advanced bamboo fire-cycle hypothesis. However, both hypotheses are potentially group selectionist, and resolution of dispersal distances and/or the spatial genetics of relatedness are required to resolve the problem.
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Sultana, Nargis, Tangin Akter, and Shefali Begum. "Population Studies of Tree Hole Breeding Aedes Species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Dhaka University Campus and its Adjacent Suhrawardi Park, Dhaka City, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 40, no. 1 (December 9, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12887.
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A survey of the larval population of tree hole breeding Aedes mosquito was conducted from January to December, 2010 in four different areas of Dhaka University Campus and its adjacent Suhrawardi park. A total of 689 mosquito larvae was collected during the survey. Among them 396 (57.47%) were Aedes albopictus, 51 (7.02%) were Ae. aegypti and 242 (35.12%) other Aedes species, and the number of male and female among them was counted 347 (50.36%) and 342 (49.63%), respectively. Among the varieties of plant species in the study area only 27 species of trees were found with 56 holes wherein 34 holes of 17 species trees were used by mosquitoes for breeding ground. The highest number (160) of larvae was found in bamboo (Bambusa nutans) stumps hole and lowest (13) in Delonix regia hole. The highest number of larval population was collected in September and the larval population increased from March to September and then gradually decreased. No mosquito larva was found in the tree holes in January and February. The number of larvae collected from different survey areas also varied which were 309 (44.84%), 152 (22.06%), 145 (21.04%) and 83 (12.04%) in Suhrawardi park, and the Arts building, Curzon hall and Botanical garden of Dhaka University, respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12887 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1): 1-11, 2012
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Gianuca, Dimas, Andros T. Gianuca, and Carolus M. Vooren. "Abundance, breeding and food of the Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea (Aves, Ardeidae) in the Patos Lagoon estuary, a recently colonized area in southern Brazil." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 102, no. 1 (March 2012): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212012000100003.
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We document the expansion of the breeding distribution of the Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) to 850 km beyond its previous southern limit in South America. In addition we present data on abundance, breeding biology and food of the species in the Patos Lagoon estuary, the area which the species recently colonized. The maximum abundance recorded in the breeding colony and in a nocturnal roosting site was 53 and 49 individuals respectively. Nesting occurred from September to March. Birds nested in a mixed breeding colony together with about 3,000 breeding pairs of seven other species of Pelecaniformes, in a swampy forest near the margin of the estuary. Five nests were between 1.5 and 4.3 m from the ground, on the shrub Daphnopsis racemosa (Thymelaeaceae), on the trees Sebastiana brasiliensis (Euphorbiaceae) and Mimosa bimucronata (Leguminosae), or on the bamboo Bambusa sp. (Poaceae). Four nests produced two fledglings each, while one nest was abandoned. Of 13 grouped samples of food regurgitated by five nestlings, Pink Shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Perez-Farfante, 1967) constituted 70% in mass, while total length of ingested fishes and shrimps varied mostly between 20 and 50 mm. Estuarine prey items represented 99% of the total food mass. The recent southward expansion of the breeding range of the Little Blue Heron in South America may be a response to climate warming of the Patos Lagoon estuary. Degradation of estuaries in the southwestern Atlantic may also be forcing the birds to breed in areas outside previous geographical range.
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RATIKNYO, HERY, INTAN AHMAD, and BAMBANG HERU BUDIYANTO. "Diversity and abundance of termites along altitudinal gradient and slopes in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 5 (September 21, 2018): 1649–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190508.
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Pratiknyo H, Ahmad I, Bambang Heru Budianto BH. 2018. Diversity and abundance of termites along altitudinal gradient andslopes in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1649-1658. A study on diversity and abundance of termites along analtitudinal gradient and the different slope was done in plantation forest of Mount Slamet. This research aimed to define the speciescomposition along the altitudinal gradient and slope and to define the environmental factors affecting it. The sampling of termites wascarried out following standardized belt transects (100 m x 2 m) laid vertically on the altitude of 700 up to 1300 m asl on four slopes.Each 100 m length of the belt transects was divided into 20 sections (5 m x 2 m), and termites were taken in each section from the trees,branches, barks and the ground. Data of termites composition were analyzed for diversity index (Shanon-Wiener, H') and dominationindex (Simson, D); the correlation among environmental factors with the family were analyzed by multivariate correlation, and then aCanonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to define the most associated environmental factor to the diversity and abundanceof termites. A total of 7349 individuals belonging to 11 species in nine genera, five subfamilies, and two families were recorded. Fourwood feeder species were Schedorinotermes javanicus, Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes javanicus and Microtermes insperatus, whilehumus feeder was Capritermes samarangi, Procapritermes stiger, Nasutitermes matangensis, N. matangensiformis, Bulbitermes spp.,and the soil feeders were PeriCapritermes javanicus and P. dolichocephalus. Based on the Shanon-Wiener index, the Western Slopewas the highest in diversity with five main environmental factors (altitudes, maximal rainfall, N content, manure application and lightintensity) the most influencing while the CCA ordination showed that the canopy closure and light intensity were the most associatedfactor to the diversity and abundance of termites. In conclusion, the slopes
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Koerner, Roy M. "Mass balance of glaciers in the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Nunavut, Canada." Annals of Glaciology 42 (2005): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756405781813122.
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AbstractMass-balance measurements began in the Canadian High Arctic in 1959. This paper considers the >40 years of measurements made since then, principally on two stagnant ice caps (on Meighen and Melville Islands), parts of two ice caps (the northeast section of Agassiz Ice Cap on northern Ellesmere Island and the northwest part of Devon Ice Cap on Devon Island) and two glaciers (White and Baby Glaciers, Axel Heiberg Island). The results show continuing negative balances. All the glaciers and ice caps except Meighen Ice Cap show weak but significant trends with time towards increasingly negative balances. Meighen Ice Cap may owe its lack of a trend to a cooling feedback from the increasingly open Arctic Ocean nearby (Johannessen and others, 1995). Feedback from this ocean has been shown to be the main cause of this ice cap’s growth and persistence at such a low elevation of <300 ma.s.l. (Alt, 1979). There may be a similar feedback in the lower elevations on Sverdrup Glacier which drains the northwest sector of Devon Ice Cap. The ablation rates there have not increased to the same extent as they have at higher elevations on the same glacier. Although evidence from the meteorological stations in the area shows that the eastern Arctic has either been cooling or has shown no change on an annual basis between 1950 and 1998, the same records show that the summers are showing a slight warming (Zhang and others, 2000). The summer warming, although slight (<1.0˚C over 48 years), is the cause of the weak trend to increasingly negative balances. This is because the mass-balance variability is dominated by the year-to-year variations in the summer balance; there is a very low variability, and no trend over time even within sections of the time series, of the winter balance of the various ice caps and glaciers. Repeat laser altimetry of ice caps by NASA for the period 1995–2000 over most of the ice caps in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Abdalati and others, 2004) has shown that the ablation zones are thinning while the accumulation zones show either a slight thickening or very little elevation change. Laser altimetry is revealing similar patterns of change in Greenland (Krabill and others, 2000) and Svalbard (Bamber and others, 2004). The thickening of the accumulation zones in the Canadian case may be due to higher accumulation rates, not just between the two years of laser measurements, but over a period substantially longer than the >40 years of ground-based measurements.
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Ayo, J. A., and F. Aba. "Effect of Bambara Nut Flour Addition on Proximate, Mineral Composition and Sensory Quality of Millet Based Madidi: A Nigerian Solid Gel Food." Asian Food Science Journal, July 6, 2020, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2020/v16i430176.
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Madidi was produced from different formulations of pearl millet ogi and bambara nut flours. Five madidi products were produced at the laboratory scale using 100:0 (control), 95:5, 90:10, 85:15 and 80:20 millet to bambara groundnut flours, respectively. Bambara ground nut were cleaned, sorted (to remove foreign materials), soaked in cold water for 2 hours, dried and toasted for 30 minutes by using oven. The five formulated products were subjected to proximate, minerals and sensory analysis. The results showed that the protein contents increased with increased addition of bambara groundnut flour. The protein contents ranged from 1.79 to 3.51% on dry weight basis. The fat contents ranged from 0.26 to 1.22%. Carbohydrate content decreased from 22.00 to 13.21% as the proportion of bambara flour increased. Magnesium and phosphorous increased significantly (p=0.05), however potassium and iron were not significant affected (p=0.05). The 100% millet (0.17 mg/100 g) was significantly high in magnesium (p=0.05) followed by 95% millet and 5% bambara nut (0.09 mg/100 g). The phosphorous composition increased with increase in bambara nut (0.17– 0.22 mg/100 g). The average scores of parameters for all the products are relatively high. Product 85:15 millet to bambara flour was most acceptable. It is concluded that an acceptable madidi can be produced from millet and bambara nut at 15% substitution level.
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Talabi, Justina Y., Babawande A. Origbemisoye, Beatrice O. Ifesan, and Victor N. Enujuigha. "Quality Characterization of Biscuits from Blends of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea), Ground Bean Seed (Macrotyloma) and Moringa Seed (Moringa oleifera) Flour." Asian Food Science Journal, October 25, 2019, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2019/v12i430092.
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The nutrient composition and the acceptability of biscuit from composite flours of wheat, Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), Ground bean seed (Macrotyloma) and Moringa seed (Moringa oleifera) were evaluated. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), Ground bean seed (Macrotyloma) and Moringa seed (Moringa oleifera) were dried, and processed into flour. The flour blends developed was used as a substitute for wheat flour as composite flour. The resulting mixtures were then used to produce biscuits at different ratios of wheat flour to flour blends; 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30 level of the flour blends. The pasting properties, proximate composition, minerals, physical (spread ratio, weight, thickness and colour) and sensory properties of the composite biscuit were evaluated. The pasting properties of the flours showed that pasting temperature ranged from 68.50°C - 70.0°C and the peak viscousity range from 101.17 RVU – 207.17 RVU, while Break down (43.0 RVU) was highest in 90% wheat: 10% (Bambara- groundnut-ground bean seed- moringa seed flour) (WFF1). The protein content increased from 12.50% in the control (100% wheat flour) to a range of 14.40% - 16.19% in the biscuits; crude fibre decreased from 2.83 to 2.40 - 1.84%, ash content increased from 1.26% to a range of 1.53 - 2.01%, while carbohydrate and energy value reduced from 69.20 to 65.54 - 63.36% and 384.04 Kcal/100 g to 391.34 - 391.55 Kcal/100 g respectively. As the ratio of blends level increase, the thickness, diameter and weight increased but the spread ratio decreased. In conclusion incorporation of bambara groundnut, ground bean seed and moringa seed flour blends played important role in enhancing the nutritional properties of biscuits through improving their protein content, energy value and mineral elements especially calcium and potassium.
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Okwunodulu, Innocent N., Grace C. Peter, and Felicia U. Okwunodulu. "Proximate Quantification and Sensory Assessment of Moi-Moi Prepared from Bambara Nut and Cowpea Flour Blends." Asian Food Science Journal, May 16, 2019, 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2019/v9i230008.
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Background: Moi-moi is a popularly relished snack in Nigeria prepared from cowpea which is deficient in essential sulphur containing amino acids but rich in lysine and some vitamins. Bambara nut is rich in essential amino acids, fiber, calcium, iron, carotene, oil, carbohydrate, protein and energy than cowpea.
Aim: This study aimed at investigating the complementary effects of bambara nut and cowpea flour blends on the nutrient and acceptability of moi-moi.
Study Design: To fit a one way Analysis of Variance.
Place and Duration of Study: At Umuahia, Abia State Nigeria between March and June, 2018.
Methodology: Cleaned and sorted bambara nut was cracked, winnowed, milled and sieved while cowpea seeds were steeped in tap water for two hours, hand dehulled, oven dried at 60°C, milled and sieved separately. Their flour blends were mixed according to bambara: cowpea ratios of 100:0 (sample A), 75:25% (sample B), 50:50% (sample C), 25:75% (sample D) and 0: 100% (sample E) and used to prepare moi-moi. Same quantities of seasonings were added per 100 g of each blend and mixed into a homogenous paste texture. The seasonings used were 10 ml of Life vegetable oil, 5 g of ground crayfish, 5 g of onion, 5 g of tomato, 2 g of salt, 2 g of pepper and 8.03 g of magi. Each paste ratio was then wrapped in “Etere” leaf and steamed separately in covered pots for 50 minute using a gas cooker. Cooled moi-moi samples were subjected to proximate analyses, energy value calculations and sensory evaluation.
Results: Results showed increase in nutrients with increase in cowpea flour inclusion except in carbohydrate which decreased from 31.95 to 16.35%. Protein values increased from 10.40% to 13.50%, fat from 3.90 to 6.40%, fiber from 1.25 to 2.00%, ash from 1.30 to 2.15%, moisture from 51.20 to 59.69%. Energy values decreased with increase in cowpea inclusion from 726.45 to 839.49 kj/100 g. Sensory evaluation showed that 100% bambara nut moi-moi were most preferred by the panelists followed by 25% bambara nut: 75% cowpea flour blend, while 50% bambara nut: 50% cowpea flour blend was least preferred.
Conclusion: Nutrients increased with increase in cowpea flour. Bambara flour substitution should not be more than 25%.
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Naing, Tun, Subagyo Pramumijoyo, and Hiroshi Kawase. "PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF LOCAL SITE CONDITON IN YOGYAKARTA BASIN." Journal of Applied Geology 1, no. 1 (September 2, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jag.7223.
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The Yogyakarta Basin can be defined as NE – SW elongated depression zone of 20 km in width and 45 km in length, trending from Yogyakarta City in north to the Indian Ocean in south. The local geologic and soil conditions have a great influence on the intensity of ground motion and earthquake damage. Local site effects play an important role in earthquake-resistant design and must be accounted for on a case by case basis. Local site conditions can profoundly influence all of the important characteristics such as amplitude (peak acceleration, velocity and displacement), frequency content and duration of strong ground motion. The extent of their influence depends on the geometry and material properties of subsurface materials. Therefore, subsurface investigation was carried out through nine boreholes throughout the basin. Based on drill-logs, collected samples and laboratory test results, the subsurface soil profiles of nine areas in the basin are simplified for future strong ground motion simulation. Five subsurface layers in Tampuran, Krajan areas and six subsurface soil layers in Watu, Jl. Parangtritis, Wijirejo areas and seven layers in Jl. Parangtritis, Karang Semut, Bambang Lipuro areas and eight layers in Pranti area, have been simplified and the geotechnical properties of each layer have been evaluated as well.
Keywords: Basin, Yogyakarta, depression, ground motion, earthquake.
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"96/06136 Above ground biomass production and nutrient distribution in growing bamboo (Bambusa Bambos (L.) Voss)." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 37, no. 6 (November 1996): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(97)83531-x.
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Naing, Tun, Subagyo Pramumijoyo, and Hiroshi Kawase. "ESTIMATION OF S-WAVE VELOCITY STRUCTURES IN YOGYAKARTA BASIN, INDONESIA." Journal of Applied Geology 1, no. 2 (September 2, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jag.7228.
Full textAbstract:
For the theoretical simulation or prediction of strong ground motion, it is prime importance to get information of underground structures, especially for sedimentary layers overlying on bedrock, like in Yogyakarta Basin. The Standard Penetration Test, Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) and other geotechnical properties are used to estimate S–wave velocity structures in this basin. SPT tests were conducted at nine sites and SASW measurements were performed at seventeen sites. As a result, the S-wave velocity structures of top 30 m depth had been evaluated in each site. The average shear wave velocity v30 s had been successful estimated and the sites are classified into three types; soft soil, medium dense soil and hard soil. All sites where SPT performed are on soft soil according to their v30 s . However, according to v30 s from SASW measurements, 10 sites are located on medium dense soils type, 5 sites on dense soils and 2 sites on soft soils. The acceptable equivalent S-wave velocitystructure is observed by comparing the results from SASW and geotechnical approach in Imogiri, Bambang Lipuro, Pundong (Watu, Pranti) and Pandak (Wijirejo) areas.
Keywords: Ground motion, underground structure, sedimentary layer, SPT, SASW, Pundong
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Ari Hepi Yanti, Salomon Tri Rima Setyawati,. "Struktur Populasi Kelelawar (Tylonycteris pachypus) yang Bersarang pada Bambu (Bambusa maculata) di Dusun Jangkok, Kecamatan Air Besar, Kabupaten Landak." Jurnal Protobiont 8, no. 2 (June 13, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/protobiont.v8i2.33192.
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Tylonycteris pachypus is included into Vespertilonidae family which nesting in bamboo (Bambusa maculata) in rubber plantation of Jangkok Hamlet, Air Besar Sub-District, Landak District. The aim of this study was to determine the population structure of bats and the characteristics of bamboo nests. Data collection was carried out from May to July 2017. The method used was Capture Mark Release Recapture (CMRR), the bats caught were marked with red-oil paint on the back. The results showed that one group of T. pachypus nesting in bamboo consisted of 2 adult males, 1 male young bat, and 6 adult females. The estimated total population of 14 estimated population is (SE ± 2,09). The bamboo cavity that is made as the nest by T. pachypus has a smooth inner-wall texture, moist, with a section length of 406 mm, a diameter of 41 mm, and it is at the altitude of 1870 mm above the ground. Cracks or inlets on bamboo as the entrance is small and narrow with a vertical length of 33 mm and a horizontal width of 8-10 mm.
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"Use of Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Tape to Increase the Strength of Bamboo." Regular 9, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a2035.079220.
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Poly vinyl chloride is suggested to use as confining material around bamboo to increase its strength. Investigation is done on PVC confined bamboo by performing tensile and compressive strength test. Then we compared the mechanical performance of unconfined bamboo and PVC confined bamboo. In this research bamboo is also tested for water absorption with and without PVC tape reinforcement. Later, on these grounds we also derived adhesive value of PVC tape, which can be used to find out length of tape required for any percent of increment in strength of bamboo. Preliminary results of tensile tests, compressive tests and water absorption test on bamboo (scientific name Bambusa vulgaris native name chadao bans or jad vala bans) are presented in this research. As bamboo confined in PVC is 27.25% more strong in tension and 77.19% more strong in compression than unconfined bamboo which depicts that bamboo confined with PVC tape can be a future alternative for steel in reinforced concrete.
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Arfarita, Novi, and Cahyo Prayogo. "Penerapan Teknologi "BioPot" dalam Menunjang Revegatasi Lahan Bekas Tambang Pasir." ETHOS: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v8i2.5920.
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Abstract. The community-managed sand mining activity in Bambang Village, Wajak District, Malang Regency caused serious environmental descruptions and many did not have official permits. The land that was once fertile turned into degraded land, the level of soil fertility, often found former sand dug pits and cliffs that have relatively steep slope. Joint land rehabilitation includes land use management, erosion and sedimentation control, and revegetation and maintenance of introduced plants. Land structuring is carried out to prepare land to become land ready for planting by adopting "BioPot" technology which is preparing planting hole on the ground consisting of a mixture of clay, manure, biofertilizers and lime. Selected plants adapt to existing conditions consisting of woody plants and fruits such as: Pule (Alstonia macrophylla), Kecrutan (Spatodea campalunata), Bungur (Langerstroemia spesiosa), Avocado (Persea americana), Pete (Parkia speciaosa), Durian (Spatodea campalunata), Pucuk merah (Syzygium myrtifolium), etc. Based on the existing land conditions, the land is arranged using a blocking system and between plants 4 m x 4 m apart. This technology can be adopted well by the community and planted plants can grow and develop properly.Keywords: Land Former Sand Mining, Revenge, Biofertilizer, Pioneer Plants Abstrak. Kegiatan penambangan pasir yang dikelola masyarakat di Desa Bambang, Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan yang serius dan banyak yang tidak memiliki ijin resmi. Lahan yang semula subur berubah menjadi lahan terdegradasi tingkat kesuburan tanahnya, banyak dijumpai lubang bekas galian pasir serta tebing yang memiliki kemiringan lereng relatif curam. Rehabilitas lahan yang dilakukan bersama mencakup penataan lahan, pengendalian erosi dan sedimentasi, serta revegetasi dan pemeliharaan tanaman yang diintroduksikan. Penataan lahan dilakukan untuk menyiapkan lahan menjadi lahan siap tanam dengan mengadopsi teknologi “BioPot” yang merupakan lubang tanam terdiri dari campuran tanah liat, pupuk kandang, biofertiliser dan kapur. Tanaman terpilih menyesuaikan dengan kondisi yang ada yang terdiri dari tanaman kayuan dan buah-buahan seperti: Pule (Alstonia macrophylla), Kecrutan (Spatodea campalunata), Bungur (Langerstroemia spesiosa), Alpukat (Persea americana), Pete (Parkia speciaosa), Durian (Durio zibhentinus), Pucuk merah (Syzygium myrtifolium), dll. Berdasarkan kondisi lahan yang ada, lahan ditata menggunakan sistem blocking dan antar tanaman berjarak 4 m x 4 m. Teknologi ini dapat diadopsi dengan baik oleh masyarakat dan tanaman yang ditanaman dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik. Kata Kunci : Lahan Bekas Tambang Pasir, Revegetasi, Biofertilizer, Tanaman Pioneer