Academic literature on the topic 'Banbury mixer'

Abstract The distributive mixing characteristics of three internal mixers are examined: a Parrel BR Banbury (1.6 L), a Farrel F40 Banbury (40 L), and a Francis Shaw K1 Intermix (5.5 L). The former two machines have two-wing tangential rotors while the latter has intermeshing rotors. The distribution of sulfur in mixed batches of an EPDM compound and an SBR compound, as measured by curemeter tests on samples taken from random locations within each batch, is used to quantify distributive mixing. The dominant influence on sulfur distribution is total rotor revolutions and a maximum of 20 rotor revolutions is adequate for distribution of powder sulfur in each mixer. The effects on distribution of rotor speed, rubber compound rheology, and mixer size are insignificant.

Abstract A number of experimental studies have improved understanding of rubber flow in internal mixers. Freakley and Van Idris obtained flow patterns and areas of fill by photographing through a transparent end plate of a small internal mixer during rubber mixing. White and Min obtained additional information by videotaping through transparent end plates and body sides of a small internal mixer during rubber mixing. Sata and associates used observations of flow of polymer solutions in a transparent Banbury mixer to help optimize rotor design. Freakley and Van Idris, Freakley and Patel, and Toki and associates used responses from pressure sensors installed in the body of Banbury mixers to infer the fill and flow directions during rubber mixing. Here we report findings based on direct examination of the contents of a Brabender mixer removed after curing in place so as to limit further flow after stopping mixing. The technique used is basically the same as that employed in the past to determine flow patterns in screw extruders. Melotto has also used this method without curing in work to optimize mixer geometry.

Abstract The early rubber industry was largely based on mixing with two-roll mills. The coming of the pneumatic-tire industry associated with the rise in popularity of the automobile brought increasing production and large quantities of fine particles and poisonous vulcanization accelerators. This made necessary the introduction of internal mixers into the rubber industry by the second decade of the 20th century. This paper treats the development of internal mixer technology from its origins in the 19th century to the late 1980's, largely through critically following the patent literature. There seems to be no other critical review of the development of internal mixer technology, and this manuscript is unique. Briefly, the technology development we will describe is as follows: There were two conflicting design approaches, one based upon a single-rotor masticator devised by Thomas Hancock in the early 19th century and a second based upon two nonintermeshing counterrotating rotors which were championed by Paul Pfleiderer later in that century and manufactured by his firm, Werner and Pfleiderer. As late as the mid 1920's, machines based on both the single rotor and two nonintermeshing rotor designs competed with each other for the internal-mixer market. The insight, perseverance, intensity, and dedication of Fernley H. Banbury and the Birmingham Iron Foundry (later merged into Farrel-Birmingham) brought about the design which proved to be the paradigm of the industry. Innovation, however, continued in internal-mixer technology. The most striking new development of the post-Banbury period was the invention and application of intermeshing counter-rotating rotor mixers in 1934 by Rupert Cooke of Francis Shaw and Company. Werner and Pfleiderer developed and worked with many internal-mixer designs and in time began to manufacture both nonintermeshing- and intermeshing-rotor machines. In the 1950's and 1960's, Kobe Steel and Pomini began to manufacture internal mixers as Farrel-Birmingham licensees. This period also saw developments of nonintermeshing-rotor internal mixers. The basic Banbury design maintained its position and its manufacturer, Farrel-Birmingham (later Farrel), devised improvements of it. Innovations in the design were also made from the late 1970's by Kobe Steel, now operating independently. Pomini also began operating independently, manufacturing not only nonintermeshing machines but a unique intermeshing-rotor machine with variable clearance between the rotors. In recent years, we have seen the development of increasingly improved control systems for the internal mixer.

Polymer/clay nanocomposites have been explored extensively over the last two decades. Many studies report nanocomposite properties. However, studies on the effect of processing conditions are still limited. This study evaluates the effect of rotor type, rotor rotation (rpm) and mixing time on mechanical properties of polyethylene organoclay composites. Samples were fabricated using two different rotors; roller and Banbury, in an internal batch mixer at various mixing conditions. The analysis shows that the Banbury rotor improved mechanical properties more than the roller rotor. Shear and diffusion mechanism, as well as material degradation, were the controlling factors at different processing conditions.

Abstract This presentation is concerned with the mixing performance of the new ST™ rotor design in Banbury® mixers operating at even speed. Rotor orientation was used to optimize machine performance in mixing a standard one-step rubber formulation, in terms of productivity, energy consumption, and product quality. Experimental data is presented on mixer discharge temperature, Mooney viscosity, and maximum rheometer torque, and their standard deviation. The effect of rotor orientation on these parameters is discussed, and optimal rotor configurations are identified.