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Journal articles on the topic 'Bandwidth pricing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Indrawati, Indrawati, Irmeilyana Irmeilyana, Fitri Maya Puspita, and Oky Sanjaya. "Internet Pricing on Bandwidth Function Diminished With Increasing Bandwidth Utility Function." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 13, no. 1 (2015): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v13i1.117.

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2

GUPTA, APARNA, SHIVKUMAR KALYANARAMAN, and LINGYI ZHANG. "A SPOT PRICING FRAMEWORK FOR PRICING INTRA-DOMAIN ASSURED BANDWIDTH SERVICES." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 04, no. 01 (2005): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021962200500143x.

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The Internet today offers primarily a best-effort service. Research and technology development efforts are currently underway to allow the provisioning of better than best-effort quality of service assurances. In this article, we develop a spot pricing framework for expected bandwidth guaranteed Internet service contracts on a single domain. A nonlinear pricing model that maximizes the total surplus with cost constraints forms the basis for the framework. The spot price process is obtained for different demand profiles of the customer-base and demand arrival characteristics. Simulation modeling and analysis is employed to implement the pricing framework and analyze the price process under different market conditions and changes due to network failures. The framework when implemented at access or exchange points of different service provider domains will provide assured bandwidth for inter-domain traffic.

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3

Niu, Di, Chen Feng, and Baochun Li. "Pricing cloud bandwidth reservations under demand uncertainty." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 40, no. 1 (2012): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2318857.2254776.

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4

Joutsensalo, Jyrki, Ari Viinikainen, Mika Wikström, and Timo Hämäläinen. "Bandwidth allocation and pricing in multinode network." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 62, no. 3 (2008): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2007.03.019.

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5

Elmaghraby, Adel S., Anup Kumar, Mehmed M. Kantardzic, and Mostafa Gamal Mostafa. "A Scalable Pricing Model for Bandwidth Allocation." Electronic Commerce Research 5, no. 2 (2005): 203–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10660-005-6157-0.

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6

Keppo, Jussi. "Pricing of point-to-point bandwidth contracts." Mathematical Methods of Operations Research 61, no. 2 (2005): 191–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001860400401.

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7

GUPTA, APARNA, and LINGYI ZHANG. "PRICING FOR END-TO-END ASSURED BANDWIDTH SERVICES." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 07, no. 02 (2008): 361–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021962200800296x.

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The Internet today mostly offers a simple best-effort mode of service. The capabilities of the Internet will be significantly enhanced if it supports better QoS modes, especially when QoS is provided for end-to-end services. This enhancement requires both technological development and economic mechanisms to support better QoS service modes. In this article, we study a Multi-ISP Overlay Provider's (MOP's) pricing problem for delivering end-to-end services with expected bandwidth assurance. A categorization based pricing scheme is developed, where end-to-end bandwidth services are classified based on the provider's efforts in delivering the services. A nonlinear pricing based model is constructed that interacts with network management infrastructure, responds to customer demand and captures the MOP's contractual relationships with Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks used for creating the MOP's services.

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You, Peng-Sheng, Chun-Chieh Lee, and Yi-Chih Hsieh. "Bandwidth allocation and pricing problem for a duopoly market." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 21, no. 1 (2011): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor1101065y.

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This research discusses the Internet service provider (ISP) bandwidth allocation and pricing problems for a duopoly bandwidth market with two competitive ISPs. According to the contracts between Internet subscribers and ISPs, Internet subscribers can enjoy their services up to their contracted bandwidth limits. However, in reality, many subscribers may experience the facts that their on-line requests are denied or their connection speeds are far below their contracted speed limits. One of the reasons is that ISPs accept too many subscribers as their subscribers. To avoid this problem, ISPs can set limits for their subscribers to enhance their service qualities. This paper develops constrained nonlinear programming to deal with this problem for two competitive ISPs. The condition for reaching the equilibrium between the two competitive firms is derived. The market equilibrium price and bandwidth resource allocations are derived as closed form solutions.

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9

Nan Jin, G. Venkitachalam, and S. Jordan. "Dynamic congestion-based pricing of bandwidth and buffer." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 13, no. 6 (2005): 1233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2005.861252.

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10

Joutsensalo, Jyrki, Ari Viinikainen, Timo Hämäläinen, and Mika Wikström. "Pricing based adaptive scheduling method for bandwidth allocation." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 61, no. 2 (2007): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2006.03.008.

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11

Naiksatam, Sumit, Stephen A. Chiappari, and Silvia Figueira. "Efficient bandwidth utilization in LambdaGrids using pricing incentives." Computer Networks 51, no. 12 (2007): 3380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2007.01.033.

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12

Jian Ming, Zhang, Wang YI, Xie Ze Ming, Tang Shi Yi, and Ou Hao Yuan. "Rate Allocation for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks Using Pricing Mechanism." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/738565.

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A bandwidth allocation algorithm for wireless multimedia sensor networks is proposed in this paper. On the premise ofInitialallocation algorithm based on distortion and congestion model to provide an efficient system performance, the allocation algorithm based on pricing mechanism we proposed balances the real-time requirement of different users by adjusting the bandwidth price in each network and each slot. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm balances the bandwidth ratio of different users according to the video complexity, and it can provide a good system performance guaranteeing the fairness among the users.

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13

Sitepu, Robinson, Fitri Maya Puspita, Elika Kurniadi, Yunita Yunita, and Shintya Apriliyani. "Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP)-based bandwidth utility function on internet pricing scheme with monitoring and marginal cost." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 2 (2019): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i2.pp1240-1248.

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<span>The development of the internet in this era of globalization has increased fast. The need for internet becomes unlimited. Utility functions as one of measurements in internet usage, were usually associated with a level of satisfaction of users for the use of information services used. There are three internet pricing schemes used, that are flat fee, usage based and two-part tariff schemes by using one of the utility function which is Bandwidth Diminished with Increasing Bandwidth with monitoring cost and marginal cost. Internet pricing scheme will be solved by LINGO 13.0 in form of non-linear optimization problems to get optimal solution. The optimal solution is obtained using the either usage-based pricing scheme model or two-part tariff pricing scheme model for each services offered, if the comparison is with flat-fee pricing scheme. It is the best way for provider to offer network based on usage based scheme. The results show that by applying two part tariff scheme, the providers can maximize its revenue either for homogeneous or heterogeneous consumers.</span>

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14

Savagaonkar, Uday, Edwin K. P. Chong, and Robert L. Givan. "Online pricing for bandwidth provisioning in multi-class networks." Computer Networks 44, no. 6 (2004): 835–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2003.12.011.

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15

De Ridder, John. "Pricing in Abundance." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 8, no. 3 (2020): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v8n3.344.

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Small island nations that have relied on satellites for international connectivity are now being connected by submarine cables that have infinitely more capacity. The hope is that these cables will lift the social and economic development of the economies connected. This hope is more likely to be realized with the adoption of wholesale traffic pricing based on the capacity abundance brought by the cable system rather than historical wholesale bandwidth pricing, which assumes capacity scarcity. Reductions in the wholesale cost of international connectivity are more likely to be passed on to end users if there is retail competition. The proposed wholesale pricing model facilitates increased retail competition. These ideas are explored in a case study of the Cook Islands, which is a member of the Manatua Cable Project.

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16

BarauDanbatta, Kafilu, and Umar Garba Danbatta. "Dynamic Pricing Scheme for Effective Bandwidth Utilization in Mobile Wimax." International Journal of Computer Applications 104, no. 15 (2014): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/18276-8982.

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17

Divakaran, Dinil Mon, and Mohan Gurusamy. "Towards Flexible Guarantees in Clouds: Adaptive Bandwidth Allocation and Pricing." IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 26, no. 6 (2015): 1754–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2014.2325044.

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18

Chen, Cheng, Randall A. Berry, Michael L. Honig, and Vijay G. Subramanian. "Pricing, Bandwidth Allocation, and Service Competition in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 28, no. 5 (2020): 2299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2020.3008141.

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19

Guan, Yongpei, Weilai Yang, Henry Owen, and Douglas M. Blough. "A pricing approach for bandwidth allocation in differentiated service networks." Computers & Operations Research 35, no. 12 (2008): 3769–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2007.02.003.

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20

Edmonds, David. "Access to the copper loop and availability of high bandwidth services." info 1, no. 3 (1999): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14636699910801016.

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Focuses on issues restricting providers of new services from using BT’s cooper loop, which is the most likely source of supply to residential and SME markets via enhanced DSL technologies. Outlines five options for regulatory action – taking into account pricing issues, also covers industry response to Oftel’s consultation document.

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21

MIAO, Jie, Zheng HU, Yi-fan ZHANG, et al. "Stackelberg game theoretic pricing algorithm for bandwidth allocation in cooperative access." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 19, no. 4 (2012): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(11)60280-x.

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22

Fulp, Errin W., and Douglas S. Reeves. "Bandwidth provisioning and pricing for networks with multiple classes of service." Computer Networks 46, no. 1 (2004): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2004.03.018.

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23

Hampshire, Robert C., William A. Massey, and Qiong Wang. "DYNAMIC PRICING TO CONTROL LOSS SYSTEMS WITH QUALITY OF SERVICE TARGETS." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 23, no. 2 (2009): 357–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964809000205.

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Numerous examples of real-time services arise in the service industry that can be modeled as loss systems. These include agent staffing for call centers, provisioning bandwidth for private line services, making rooms available for hotel reservations, and congestion pricing for parking spaces. Given that arriving customers make their decision to join the system based on the current service price, the manager can use price as a mechanism to control the utilization of the system. A major objective for the manager is then to find a pricing policy that maximizes total revenue while meeting the quality of service targets desired by the customers. For systems with growing demand and service capacity, we provide a dynamic pricing algorithm. A key feature of our solution is congestion pricing. We use demand forecasts to anticipate future service congestion and set the present price accordingly.

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24

Zhou, Zhenyu, Bingchen Wang, Bo Gu, et al. "Time-Dependent Pricing for Bandwidth Slicing Under Information Asymmetry and Price Discrimination." IEEE Transactions on Communications 68, no. 11 (2020): 6975–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.3001050.

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25

Yaiche, H., R. R. Mazumdar, and C. Rosenberg. "A game theoretic framework for bandwidth allocation and pricing in broadband networks." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 8, no. 5 (2000): 667–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/90.879352.

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26

Yang, Meng, Theodore Groves, Nanning Zheng, and Pamela Cosman. "Iterative Pricing-Based Rate Allocation for Video Streams With Fluctuating Bandwidth Availability." IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 16, no. 7 (2014): 1849–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2014.2343943.

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27

Divakaran, Dinil Mon, Mohan Gurusamy, and Mathumitha Sellamuthu. "Bandwidth allocation with differential pricing for flexible demands in data center networks." Computer Networks 73 (November 2014): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.08.005.

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28

Jin, Nan, and Scott Jordan. "The effect of bandwidth and buffer pricing on resource allocation and QoS." Computer Networks 46, no. 1 (2004): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2004.03.023.

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29

Орлова, Екатерина, Ekaterina Orlova, Светлана Шкилева, and Svetlana Shkileva. "METHODS OF MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS IN THE FORMATION OF THE ASSORTMENT AND PRICE POLICY OF THE ORGANIZATION." Russian Journal of Management 7, no. 3 (2019): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/article_5db88050e97492.34409559.

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One of the main tasks of management analysis is to optimize the ratio of "costs-income", maximizing the effect of the use of available resources. The effectiveness of the management analysis largely depends on the correct organization. In this regard, the article considers the methodology of management analysis of assortment and pricing policy of the organization in terms of internal and external constraints. Under this methodology, the main stages of management analysis to develop product line and pricing, the implementation of which allows to maximize the overall profit margins of the organization (to maximize the use of bandwidth, given internal and external constraints).

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30

Indrawati, Indrawati, Fitri Maya Puspita, Sri Erlita, and Inosensius Nadeak. "Analysis Model in the Cloud Optimization Consumption in Pricing the Internet Bandwidt." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 6 (2018): 4391. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4391-4397.

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<p>The problem of internet pricing is a problem that is often a major problem in optimization. In this study, the internet pricing scheme focuses on optimizing the use of bandwidth consumption. This research utilizes modification of cloud model in finding optimal solution in network. Cloud computing is computational model which is like network, server, storage and service that is utilizing internet connection. As ISP's Internet service provider requires appropriate pricing schemes in order to maximize revenue and provide quality of service (Quality on Service) or QoS so as to satisfy internet users or users. The model used will be completed with the help of LINGO software program to get optimal solution and accurate result. Based on the optimal solution obtained from the modification of the cloud model can be utilized ISP to maximize revenue and provide services in accordance with needs and requests.</p>

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31

GU, Bo, Kyoko YAMORI, Sugang XU, and Yoshiaki TANAKA. "A Game Theoretic Framework for Bandwidth Allocation and Pricing in Federated Wireless Networks." IEICE Transactions on Communications E95-B, no. 4 (2012): 1109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e95.b.1109.

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32

Galbi, Douglas A. "Growth in the “new economy”: US bandwidth use and pricing across the 1990s." Telecommunications Policy 25, no. 1-2 (2001): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-5961(00)00080-x.

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33

Lai, Wei Kuang, Mu Lung Weng, Yuh Chung Lin, and Chin Shiuh Shieh. "An Incentive Mechanism Using Game Theory for Wireless Mesh Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 2694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2694.

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Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have attracted much attention in recent years. The main problems in WMNs are the unfairness in bandwidth sharing and potential selfish behavior. In this paper, an incentive-based pricing model is designed which follows the concepts of mechanism design in game theory to encourage nodes to relay packets for other nodes and therefore achieve fairness. In the pricing model, we consider the packet transmitting amounts, idle conditions and the special need of border nodes in the margin area. The incentive is the main feature of the model. We also discuss the model using mathematical analysis from various perspectives. The analysis shows that this model is highly effective in eliminating unfairness in the multi-hop transmission topology. This is achieved by allowing border mesh routers to receive a fair profit. This flexible pricing model is capable of encouraging packet forwarding. With the issue of unfairness resolved, WMNs can be expected to have a broader range of applications.

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34

Sharma, Abhijit, Arvind Shah, Monish Chatterjee, and Uma Bhattacharya. "CAC DPLB MCN: A Distributed Load Balancing Scheme in Multimedia Mobile Cellular Networks." Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences 41, no. 4 (2016): 261–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fcds-2016-0015.

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Abstract The problem of non-uniform traffic demand in different cells of a cellular network may lead to a gross imbalance in the system performance. Thus, the users in hot cells may suffer from low throughput. In this paper, an effective and simple load balancing scheme CAC_DPLB_MCN is proposed that can effectively reduce the overall call blocking. This model considers dealing with multi-media traffic as well as time-varying geographical traffic distribution. The proposed scheme uses the concept of cell-tiering thereby creating fractional frequency reuse environment. A message exchange based distributed scheme instead of centralized one is used which help the proposed scheme be implemented in a multiple hot cell environment also. Furthermore, concept of dynamic pricing is used to serve the best interest of the users as well as for the service providers. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with two other existing schemes in terms of call blocking probability and bandwidth utilization. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the call blocking significantly in highly congested cell with highest bandwidth utilization. Use of dynamic pricing also makes the scheme useful to increase revenue of the service providers in contrast with compared schemes.

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35

Celandroni, N., F. Davoli, E. Ferro, and A. Gotta. "Long-Lived TCP Connections Via Satellite: Cross-Layer Bandwidth Allocation, Pricing, and Adaptive Control." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 14, no. 5 (2006): 1019–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2006.882900.

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36

Turan, Hasan Hüseyin, Nihat Kasap, Dursun Delen, and Mehmet Nahit Serarslan. "Stochastic Capacity Acquisition and Allocation Model for Bandwidth Brokers under Fuzzy Volume Based Pricing Scheme." International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems 9, no. 2 (2016): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18756891.2016.1149998.

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37

Niyato, Dusit, and Ekram Hossain. "WIRELESS BROADBAND ACCESS: WIMAX AND BEYOND - Integration of WiMAX and WiFi: Optimal Pricing for Bandwidth Sharing." IEEE Communications Magazine 45, no. 5 (2007): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2007.358861.

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38

Shen, Haiying, and Zhuozhao Li. "New Bandwidth Sharing and Pricing Policies to Achieve a Win-Win Situation for Cloud Provider and Tenants." IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 27, no. 9 (2016): 2682–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2015.2497701.

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39

Antoine, Bertille, Kevin Proulx, and Eric Renault. "Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models*." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (2018): 656–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nby017.

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Abstract This article is motivated by the need to bridge some gap between modern asset pricing theory and recent developments in econometric methodology. While asset pricing theory enhances the use of conditional pricing models, econometric inference of conditional models can be challenging due to misspecification or weak identification. To tackle the case of misspecification, we utilize the conditional Hansen and Jagannathan (1997) (HJ) distance as studied by Gagliardini and Ronchetti (2016), but we set the focus on interpretation and estimation of the pseudo-true value defined as the argument of the minimum of this distance. While efficient Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) has no meaning for estimation of a pseudo-true value, the HJ-distance not only delivers a meaningful loss function, but also features an additional advantage for the interpretation and estimation of managed portfolios whose exact pricing characterizes the pseudo-true pricing kernel (stochastic discount factor (SDF)). For conditionally affine pricing kernels, we can display some managed portfolios which are well-defined independently of the pseudo-true value of the parameters, although their exact pricing is achieved by the pseudo-true SDF. For the general case of nonlinear SDFs, we propose a smooth minimum distance (SMD) estimator (Lavergne and Patilea, 2013) that avoids a focus on specific directions as in the case of managed portfolios. Albeit based on kernel smoothing, the SMD approach avoids instabilities and the resulting need of trimming strategies displayed by classical local GMM estimators when the density function of the conditioning variables may take arbitrarily small values. In addition, the fact that SMD may allow fixed bandwidth asymptotics is helpful regarding the curse of dimensionality. In contrast with the true unknown value for a well-specified model, the estimated pseudo-true value, albeit defined in a time-invariant (unconditional) way, may actually depend on the choice of the state variables that define fundamental factors and their scaling weights. Therefore, we may not want to be overly parsimonious about the set of explanatory variables. Finally, following Antoine and Lavergne (2014), we show how SMD can be further robustified to deal with weaker identification contexts. Since SMD can be seen as a local extension of the method of jackknife GMM (Newey and Windmeijer, 2009), we characterize the Gaussian asymptotic distribution of the estimator of the pseudo-true value using classical U-statistic theorems.

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40

Jin, Mingshuang, Hongbin Luo, Shuai Gao, and Bohao Feng. "Joint Location-Dependent Pricing and Request Mapping in ICN-Based Telco CDNs For 5G." Future Internet 11, no. 6 (2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11060125.

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Telco content delivery networks (CDNs) have envisioned building highly distributed and cloudified sites to provide a high-quality CDN service in the 5G era. However, there are still two open problems to be addressed. First, telco CDNs are operated upon the underlay network evolving towards information-centric networking (ICN). Different from CDNs that perform on the application layer, ICN enables information-centric forwarding to the network layer. Thus, it is challenging to take advantage of the benefits of both ICN and CDN to provide a high-quality content delivery service in the context of ICN-based telco CDNs. Second, bandwidth pricing and request mapping issues in ICN-based telco CDNs have not been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we first propose an ICN-based telco CDN framework that integrates the information-centric forwarding enabled by ICN and the powerful edge caching enabled by telco CDNs. Then, we propose a location-dependent pricing (LDP) strategy, taking into consideration the congestion level of different sites. Furthermore, on the basis of LDP, we formulate a price-aware request mapping (PARM) problem, which can be solved by existing linear programming solvers. Finally, we conduct extensive simulations to evaluate the effectiveness of our design.

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41

Feng, Weijia, and Xiaohui Li. "Game-Based Resource Allocation Mechanism in B5G HetNets with Incomplete Information." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (2020): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051557.

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Ultra-dense and highly heterogeneous network (HetNet) deployments make the allocation of limited wireless resources among ubiquitous Internet of Things (IoT) devices an unprecedented challenge in 5G and beyond (B5G) networks. The interactions among mobile users and HetNets remain to be analyzed, where mobile users choose optimal networks to access and the HetNets adopt proper methods for allocating their own network resource. Existing works always need complete information among mobile users and HetNets. However, it is not practical in a realistic situation where important individual information is protected and will not be public to others. This paper proposes a distributed pricing and resource allocation scheme based on a Stackelberg game with incomplete information. The proposed model proves to be more practical by solving the problem that important information of either mobile users or HetNets is difficult to acquire during the resource allocation process. Considering the unknowability of channel gain information, the follower game among users is modeled as an incomplete information game, and channel gain is regarded as the type of each player. Given the pricing strategies of networks, users will adjust their bandwidth requesting strategies to maximize their expected utility. While based on the sub-equilibrium obtained in the follower game, networks will correspondingly update their pricing strategies to be optimal. The existence and uniqueness of Bayesian Nash equilibrium is proved. A probabilistic prediction method realizes the feasibility of the incomplete information game, and a reverse deduction method is utilized to obtain the game equilibrium. Simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed method.

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42

Ghosh, Preetam, Kalyan Basu, and Sajal Das. "A Game Theory-Based Pricing Strategy to Support Single/Multiclass Job Allocation Schemes for Bandwidth-Constrained Distributed Computing Systems." IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 18, no. 3 (2007): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2007.34.

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43

Wang, Yang, Yuankun Lin, Lingyu Chen, and Jianghong Shi. "A Stackelberg Game-Based Caching Incentive Scheme for Roadside Units in VANETs." Sensors 20, no. 22 (2020): 6625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226625.

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As a key technology of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have been promising to provide safety and infotainment for drivers and passengers. To support different applications about traffic safety, traffic efficiency, autonomous driving and entertainment, it is important to investigate how to effectively deliver content in VANETs. Since it takes resources such as bandwidth and power for base stations (BSs) or roadside units (RSUs) to deliver content, the optimal pricing strategy for BSs and the optimal caching incentive scheme for RSUs need to be studied. In this paper, a framework of content delivery is proposed first, where each moving vehicle can obtain small-volume content files from either the nearest BS or the nearest RSU according to the competition among them. Then, the profit models for both BSs and RSUs are established based on stochastic geometry and point processes theory. Next, a caching incentive scheme for RSUs based on Stackelberg game is proposed, where both competition sides (i.e., BSs and RSUs) can maximize their own profits. Besides, a backward introduction method is introduced to solve the Stackelberg equilibrium. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that BSs can obtain their own optimal pricing strategy for maximizing the profit as well as RSUs can obtain the optimal caching scheme with the maximum profit during the content delivery.

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44

Gagliardini, Patrick, and Diego Ronchetti. "Comment on: Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models. Comparing Fixed- versus Vanishing-Bandwidth Estimators of Pseudo-True SDFs*." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (2019): 736–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbz009.

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Chahal, Amanbir kaur, and Gurpreet Singh. "Advanced IT Outsourcing By Using Cloud Computing Model." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 2, no. 2 (2012): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v2i2a.6738.

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In this paper we will discuss Outsourcing is the commissioning of a third party (or a number of third parties) to manage a client organization.s IT assets, people and/ or activities to required results. Business process outsourcing (BPO) is a more comprehensive definition of the current situation within the outsourcing domain. BPO has become increasingly interesting as more and more business processes are commoditized and thus easier to be hosted by an external party. Cloud Computing has all the attributes and potential to support a global BPO environment. These attribute are: virtualization, service oriented architecture (SOA), utility based pricing and grid computing. Cloud Computing involves the movement of IT services . application, infrastructure and platform . onto the Internet and deployment models. Because of the high availability, high bandwidth and the increased use of the Internet it has become easier to access a variety of services, traditionally originating from within a company.s data center.

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Darveaux, Robert. "Escalating Challenges in Developing Complex Solutions for Next Generation Package and Interconnect Technologies." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, DPC (2012): 001306–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2012dpc-keynote_fc_wlp_amkor.

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There are several application and device trends driving IC package development today. Among the most prevalent are:- Form factor reduction for handheld devices- Increased functionality requiring higher bandwidth- Higher power dissipation- Higher operating frequencies resulting in reduced electrical noise margins- Increased use of sensors- Full conversion to green material sets- Silicon node progression. These trends occur concurrently in many applications, which often results in conflicting requirements. In addition, the market continues to apply relentless pricing pressure on the supply chain. Hence, simple, cost-effective solutions are mandatory. This presentation will highlight packaging technology developments that address the device and application trends listed above. Several innovative packaging platforms will be discussed:- Copper pillar CSP and BGA- Through Mold Via Package on Package (TMV ® PoP)- Flip Chip Molded BGA (FCMBGA)- Wafer Level CSP- Through Silicon Via CSP and BGA. In each case a clear value proposition will be presented, along with key supporting data. It is truly an exciting time to be part of the industry solving complex packaging and interconnect challenges.

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Frederiksen, John. "Broadband access strategies: financing and governance." info 16, no. 4 (2014): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/info-01-2014-0005.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to present a number of issues regarding broadband access strategies in the coming years with at least four different competing broadband access forms. Pricing, investment and financing in relation to these issues are presented. The developments of interconnection and Internet governance are also presented. Design/methodology/approach – Description of trends for demand and supply for broadband access and the challenges for financing of the necessary investments. Findings – The most probable outcome for the coming decade is that a broadband access strategy is very dependent on where you believe the saturation level for the demand of bandwidth from normal residential household will be. Wireline and mobile wireless solutions will probably mainly be complements. Furthermore, there is a challenge for the whole telecommunication sector in relation to financing the necessary investments, because several factors are forcing the profit level in the sector downwards. The ongoing merger of two different interconnection regimes has an impact on the economy for network operators. Finally, the challenge of how to govern the Internet is emphasized. Originality/value – The paper provides a new structure for how to analyse the challenges for the telecom operators regarding choice of access strategy, financing of investments and governance.

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Krzesinski, Anthony. "Promoting Cooperation in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks." International Journal of Information, Communication Technology and Applications 2, no. 1 (2016): 24–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17972/ijicta20162126.

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Consider a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) where the nodes belong todifferent authorities. The nodes must be given incentives to spend theirresources (battery energy, transmission bandwidth, buffer space) inforwarding packets that originate at nodes belonging to anotherauthority. This can be done by assigning a credit balance to each node:when a node acts as an originating node it uses its credits to pay forthe costs of sending its own traffic; when a node acts as a transit nodeit earns credits by forwarding traffic from other nodes. This paperpresents a credit-based incentive scheme which assists nodes thatpersistently lack the credits necessary to transmit their data, andprotects nodes from using too large a proportion of their resources toforward traffic that originated from other nodes. We first present twobasic incentive schemes: the first scheme free-for-all does not regulatethe willingness of the nodes to forward packets on behalf of othernodes; the second scheme tit-for-tat contains such a regulatorymechanism. Next we present the origin pays and the destination paysprotocol which contain a decentralised credit redistribution mechanismto destroy (create) credit at over (under) provisioned nodes. Bothconstant and congestion-dependent resource prices are investigated.Congestion pricing is also used to reward (penalise) the destinationnode for receiving packets on under (over) utilised routes. Initialexperiments indicate that the origin pays protocol with congestionpricing offers a substantial improvement over the free-for-all protocolthat is currently used in MANETs.

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Hartati, Hartati, Fitri Maya Puspita, and Indrawati Indrawati. "Analytic Approach of Internet Pricing Scheme Model Based on function of Bandwidth Diminished with Increasing Bandwidth." Journal of Wireless Communications 2, no. 2 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.21174/jowc.v2i2.81.

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Along with the changing times, the internet is becoming essential for everyday life. As the internet service providers, ISPs are required to provide a good service so as to give satisfaction to consumers at a low price. However, ISPs are expected to not only take into account customer satisfaction, but also take into account the advantages gained by considering all the factors that exist. Therefore, ISPs are given the option of pricing schemes, namely flat fee, usage-based, and two part tariff pricing schemes to be applied to the utility function as a function of bandwidth decreases with increasing bandwidth to maximize the benefits ISPs with regard to the level of user satisfaction. This study analyzed the two types of customers, namely homogeneous and heterogeneous consumers. Consumers are divided into heterogeneous consumer of willingness to pay (high end and low end) and with different consumption levels (high demand and low demand).In the case of consumers with homogeneous and heterogeneous consumer of willingness to pay (high end and low end), optimal pricing scheme is obtained if the ISP uses a flat fee and a two-part tariff schemes. As for heterogeneous consumers with different consumption levels (high demand and low demand), the scheme of two part tariff is the optimal scheme to generate maximum profits.

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Zhan, Yong, Du Xu, and Hongfang Yu. "Pricing the spare bandwidth: towards maximizing data center’s profit." Science China Information Sciences 59, no. 10 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11432-016-0355-0.

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